Antifungal Agents

Polyene
Drug Name Forms Side Effects Species Notes

Nystatin Topical, Oral GI Upset, V + D, Canine, Feline, Avian Not absorbed well through GI
Inflammation at Tract
application site

Amphotericin IV or Topical Extreme nephrotoxicity, Dosn’t penetrate tissue wel;,

B recheck lesions
Have bloodwork urinalysis
done prior to Tx

Imidazole (Little to no SE, Cost Efficent)

Drug Name Forms Side Effects Species Notes

Ketoconazole Delayed onset of duration,

Weaned Effect

Miconazole Delayed onset of duration,

Weaned Effect

Itraconazole Various Forms Rare to none, loose Most increased Mode of

and routes stool Action

Fluconazole Little to none, V + D w/ Sm and Lg animal Tx of CNS infectios,

long term use Excreated through kidneys,
Drug of Choice

Voriconazole Oral and Severe tissue irritation

Injectable w/ injectable, renal
toxicity, anemia

Antimetabolic & Superficial Antifungal Agents

Drug Name Forms Side Effects Species Notes

Flucytosine Bone marrow Used in combo w/ other

suppression, anemia, antifungal agents, mostly
leukopenia, used for yeast, absorbs well
thrombocytopenia in the GI Tract

Griseofulvin Sever GI Upset FDA Approved canine use

only, off label in felines,
Pregnant animals: Birth commonly used to tx
defects ringworm, must be given w/
Do not give to pregnant
animals, Expensive
 Antiviral Agents
Antimicrobials for Viruses
Drug Name Forms Side Effects Species Notes

Acyclovir Oral Will cause blood Canine, Feline,Equine Used for herpes virus
disorders such as
leukopenia, anemia

Interferon Little to none Canine Feline Dual Agent, found in various

Products proactive antiviral agents,
herpes and calici
viruses,secondary support w/
leukimia cats to treat ocular
lesions

Lysine Little to none Amino acid supplement that

helps limit the production of
herpes virus, OTC, Stored at
room temp, no Moisture,
Give with Food
 Antiparasitics

Antinematodals

Benzimidazoles (Work by interfering with the energy metabolism of the parasite)

Drug Name Common Side Effects Uses Notes
Name

Oxibendazole Anthelicide Liver Toxicity Canine and Equine Do not give to canines w/
EQ Nematodes possible Heartworms, Limited
Use

Mebendazole Telmintic, Canine: V+D, Equine: Round/Large amd

Vermox Hepatotoxicity Small Stongyles, Pinworms
Canine: Rounds, Hooks,
Tapes, Whips

Fenbendazole Panacur, Little to none Intestinal helminth Cheap, Broad Spectrum,

Safeguard V+D with Overdosing Sm + Lg animal, Food Approved for Dairy Cattle
Producing, avian, reptiles with a Short withdrawal Time

Albendazole Valbazen Bone Marrow toxicity Intestinal Helminth, Giardia Longer withdrawal time 60-90
(Leukopenia, Tx of Rounds, Tapes, Flukes days, not FDA approved for
Thombocytopenia) in Livestock pregnant or breeding cattle

Oxfendazole Synanthic Equine: Nematodes Cannot be given to dairy

Bovine: Nematodes and cattle, Variety of oral
Cestodes Mostly Used in products
Equine Tx of stongyles and
ascrids, and Pins

Thiabendazole Equizole, Equine: Nematodes Only given to large

TBZ, Ovine + Caprine: Rounds animals/livestock,
Tresaderm Stongyles and Ascrids, also Cheap,Topical,
may be used as a extral
label antifungal

ProBenzimida Drantal + Little to none Tx Rounds, Hooks, whips, Broad Spectrum, Referred to
zole and Tapes as the “Pro” Drugs
(Fenbantel)

Imidazothiazoles
 SE: Excessive salivation, Muscle Tremors, Ataxia, Tachycardia
Tx of Stongyles, Ascrids, and Hooks
Older, Limited use due to new generations
Drug Name Common Side Effects Uses Notes
Name

Levamisole Levasole, Fatal in canines with Bovine, Ovine, Swine” Dual Purpose agent
Tramisol adult heartworm Nematodes
infestation Canine” Microfilaria
Foaming at Mouth w/
overdosing

Febantel Drontal Plus w/ Foaming at Mouth w/ Intestinal Nematodes Do not use in pregnant
combo, Rintal, overdosing animals
Vercom

Tetrahydropyrimidines
SE: Little to None
Tx of Strongyles, Hooks, Pins, Ascrids
Stimulates Parasite then Causes Paralysis then elimination
Inexpensive, Pleasant Taste, Long Self Life, SHAKE WELL
Drug Name Common Side Effects Uses Notes
Name

Pyrantel Nemex, Increased Respiration, Intestinal nematodes in Fecal Sample should be

pamote & Srongid T, Profuse Sweating, and Equine, Canine, Feline, checked 2 weeks after given
tartrate Stongid C Incoordination Swine

Piperazines
Drug Name Common Side Effects Uses Notes
Name

Piperazine Hartz, Pipa- Ataxia, CNS Problems Ascarid in Equine, Common OTC, Easily
Tabs Neurolgic Swine, Canine, Feline Overdosable by owners,
complete parasite count can
be seen in fecal after
administration

Organophosphates (OPs)
Commonly Used in Lg Animal medicine, Mostly Equine,Tx of Bots
Used to be used for treatment of demodex in Canines, No longer used due to Extreme SE (SLUDDE :
Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defication, Dypsnea, Emyrits

Avermectins (Ivermectin)
Causes Paralysis fo Parasite, within a few hours = Death of parasite, may be combo with other parasitic
agents to broaden spectrum of action, used for wide range of Endos and Extos, Wide variety of products,
Oral, Injectable, Food and Water addative, Heartworm preventative, Collie and Collie x = be cautious w/
avermectins b/s those breeds have a gene MDRI (Multidrug resistant indentification) can cause extreme
nurlogic conditions

Miscellaneous: Depsipeptides
Topical for Cats, Not Preg Cats, SE: Lethargy, Salivation, Toxic and Nurologicsigns
Anticestodals

Drug Name Common Name Side Effects Uses Notes

Praziquantel Droncit, Drontal w/ V+D Cestodes in Canine and Causes the cell
Febantel Feline membrane of the parasite
to deteriorate , rapidly
absorbed, wide safety
margin as a low does

Epsiprantel Cestex V+D Cestodes in Canine and Oral, Cheap Flea

Feline Preventative

Fenbendazole Panacur, Little to none Intestinal helminth Cheap, Broad Spectrum,

Safeguard V+D with Sm + Lg animal, Food Approved for Dairy Cattle
Overdosing Producing, avian, reptiles with a Short withdrawal
Time

Antitrematodals

Drug Name Common Name Side Effects Uses Notes

Clorsulon Tx of liver flukes in cattle Oral, food or water

additive

Praziquantel Droncit, Drontal w/ V+D Cestodes in Canine and Causes the cell
Febantel Feline membrane of the parasite
to deteriorate , rapidly
absorbed, wide safety
margin as a low does

Albendazole Valbazen Bone Marrow toxicity Intestinal Helminth, Longer withdrawal time
(Leukopenia, Giardia Tx of Rounds, 60-90 days, not FDA
Thombocytopenia) Tapes, Flukes in approved for pregnant or
Livestock breeding cattle
 Common Macrolytic Lactones Agents:
Drug Name Common Name Side Effects Uses Notes

Ivermectin Heartgard, Potinal crossing of the Heartworm preventative,

Ivomec, blood brain barrier in and Intestinal helminthes
Equimectrin, some canine breeds in Canine and Feline
Zimecterin, Nematodes in equine,
Ivercare, bovine and swine
Ivermax

Ivermectin & Equimax Intestineal helminthes in Safe for pregnant Mares

Praziquantel Equine

Praziquantel Droncit, Drontal V+D Cestodes in Canine and

w/ Febantel Feline

Epsiprantel Cestex V+D Cestodes in Canine and

Feline

Milbemycin Dual Purpose

Oxime

Selamectin Dual Purpose

Common Antiprotozoal and Miscellaneous Agents:

Drug Name Common Side Effects Uses Notes
Name

Metronidazole Flagyl CNS Toxicity Protozoal Infections Not for use in food producing
animals

Ponazuril Marquis EPM and other equine Do not give to pregnant

protozoans mares

Amitraz Mitaban Sedative Effects Topical Treatment of

Mites mostly Demodex
in Canines

Lufenuron Program Flea Infestations No Known SE

Lufenuron + Sentinel Fleas, Heatworms, and High Margin of Saftey

Milbemycin Nematodes in Canines
oxime

Nitenpyram Capstar Skin irritation from fleas 24hr Flea Tx in canine

and Feline

Spinosad Comfortis Vomiting after dosage Flea Infestation

 Heartworm Medications
Aduticides
Drug Name Common Name Side Effects Notes

Melarsomine Immiticide, Duroban Pulmonary Thromboembolism Canine Tx Only, Multiple types of

dosing (Slow or Fast Kill), Aftercare is
extremely important

Microfilaricides
Drug Name Common Name Side Effects Notes

Ivermectin Heartgard, Iverhart, Tri-

heart

Milbemycin Interceptor, Sentinel, Cannot be administrated to breeds that

oxime Safeheart are susceptible to ivermectin toxicity,
dual purpose agent by killing
nematodes in canines

Levamisole Levasole, Tramisol Dual Purpose Agent

Preventatives
Drug Name Common Name Side Effects Notes

Ivermectin Heartgard, Iverhart,

Tri-heart

Milbemycin oxime Interceptor, Sentinel, Cannot be administrated to breeds

Safeheart that are susceptible to ivermectin
toxicity, dual purpose agent by killing
nematodes in canines

Selamectin Revolution Loss of hair at the site of Heartworm, Flea prevention, and
application, skin burns/irritation nematodes in feline
with repeated dosing

Moxidectin Proheart, Quest, Cannot be administered to breeds that

Cydectin are susceptible to ivermectin toxicity,
dual purpose agent by killing
nematodes in equine, cattle, and ovine