EVZCED KJ_JWE\EYED KWHYHV _EIE

_EVHJD LELE@ LHDAE@ KWMDHV

Neke`ec ihsusud lude njnjduch tules

nete ku`hec Kjpjreweted Krhths

Imsjd _jdlenpu1 Ds. Ihec Yhke Edllrejdh, V.Kjp., N.Kjp.

Ihsusud m`jc1

Znnh Durecnec 5<5?<55555

Berres Ahced Ebhbec 5<5?<55558

Whice Yhmnedte _ 5<5?<55573

Vmdye @ephtefere V 5<5?<55578

Yrh Edichke Ijssy \ 5<5?<55563

Bhrde Decwe Bhrieush 5<5?<55568

ZDHRJWVHYEV _JNGEDLZDED DEVHMDE@ RJYJWED AEKEWYE

BEKZ@YEV H@NZ KJVJCEYED

_WMLWEN VYZIH KJ_JWE\EYED _WMLWEN VEWAEDE

7?7?
 

KEYE
KEYE _JDLEDYEW 
_JD LEDYEW 

_uah syukur kenh pedaetked kj kceihret E``ec V\Y etes recnet ied kerudhe-Dye
 pjdu`hs iepet njdyj`jsehked
njdyj`jse hked neke`ec hdh ijdled
ijdle d tjpet wektu. Neke`ec yedl g
gjrauiu`
jrauiu` Esuced
 Esuced
 Kjpjreweted Krhths _eie _eshjd Ijdled Lele` Lhdae` Krmdhs hdh ihtu`hs udtuk njnjduch
se`ec setu tules nete ku`hec Kjpjreweted Krhths.

_eie kjsjnp
kjsjnpeted
eted yedl gehk hdh, hzhdked`ec
hzhdked`ec pjdu`hs
pjdu`hs neke`ec
neke`ec njdyen
njdyenpehk
pehked
ed rese
cmrne
cmrnett ied ufepe
ufeped
d tj
tjrh
rhne
ne keshc
keshc kjpeie
kjpeie sj
sjnu
nuee phcek
phcek yedl
yedl ijdled
ijdled tu`us
tu`us hkc`e
hkc`ess tj`ec
tj`ec
njngjrhked gedtued ied imrmdled kjpeie pjdu`hs sjchdlle iepet njdyj`jsehked neke`ec
hd
hdhh ijled
ijled sjgeh
sjgehk-g
k-geh
ehkdy
kdye.
e. Ied
Ied cerep
cereped
ed pjdu`h
pjdu`hss sjnmle
sjnmle neke`
neke`ec
ec hdh iepet
iepet njden
njdengec
gec
 pjdljtecued ied pjdle`ened
p jdle`ened pere pjngefe.
pjngefe . 

Aekerte, Vjptjngjr 7?7?

  _jdu`hs
 

IEBYEW HVH1

KEYE _JDLEDYEW...........................
_JDLEDYEW.................................................
............................................
......................................................
........................................
........7
7

IEBYEW HVH1..........................................
HVH1................................................................
............................................
............................................
.......................................6
.................6

E. Ijbhdhsh _jdyekht
_jdyekht Lhdae` Krmdhs.....
Krmdhs..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
...........9
......9

G. _rjve`jdsh
_rjve`jdsh Lele` Lhdae` Krmdhk......
Krmdhk...........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
...........
...............
..........9
.9

F. K`eshbhkesh
K`eshbhkesh _LK......
_LK..........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.............
..................
............:
..:

I. Bektmr Whshkm............................................
Whshkm..................................................................
............................................
............................................
...............................2
.........2

J. Jthm`mlh...........................
Jthm`mlh.................................................
.............................................
.............................................
............................................
..................................2
............2

B. _etmbhshm`mlh..
_etmbhshm`mlh.......
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..............
...............<
......<

C. Nedhbjstesh K`hdhs.............................................
K`hdhs...................................................................
............................................
..........................................
.................... 5?

H. Yjreph......
Yjreph...........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
............
.................
............55
..55

A. _jnjrh
_jnjrhkseed
kseed _jdudaedl.....
_jdudaedl.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
............
................
...............56
......56

YHDAEZED KEVZV.................................
KEVZV.......................................................
............................................
.........................................................59
...................................59

EVZCED KJ_JWE\EYED _EIE _EVHJD IH HFZ..........................................................52

HFZ..........................................................52

E. _jdlkeahed....................................................
_jdlkeahed..........................................................................
............................................
...............................................52
.........................52

G. Ede`hshs iete.............................................
iete...................................................................
............................................
............................................
.............................7<
.......7<

F. Iheldmse Kjpjreweted...
Kjpjreweted........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.............
..................
................73
.......73

I. Hdtjrvjdsh
Hdtjrvjdsh Kjpjreweted..
Kjpjreweted.......
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.............
.................
..................
............73
...73

WJBJWJDVH1..............................
WJBJWJDVH1....................................................
............................................
............................................
......................................
...........................
...........67
67
 

E. Ijbhdhsh
Ijbhdhsh _jdye
_jdyekht
kht Lhdae
Lhdae`` Krmdhs
Krmdhs

_jdyekh
_jdyekhtt lhdae`
lhdae` krmdhs
krmdhs (_LK)
(_LK) njrupek
njrupeked
ed nese`ec
nese`ec kjsjcet
kjsjceted
ed nesyere
nesyereket
ket
l`mge` ijdled prjve`jds ied hdshijds lele` lhdae` yedl njdhdlket, prmldmshs yedl
 guruk ied gheye yedl thdllh. _jdyekht Lhdae` Krmdhs eie`ec jdi stelj
s telj ierh lele` lhdae`
lhdae `
ekut, ihnede _rjve`jdsh _LK njdhdlket sjhrhdl njdhdlketdye aun`ec pjdiuiuk ushe

`edaut
`edaut ied kjaeihe
kjaeihed
d pjdyekht
pjdyekht ihegjtjs
ihegjtjs nj`htus
nj`htus sjrte
sjrte chpjrtjd
chpjrtjdsh.
sh. Vjkhte
Vjkhterr 5 ierh 5?
 pmpu`esh l`mge` njdle`enh _LK peie steihun tjrtjdtu . Cesh` systjnethf rjvhjw ied
njte-ede`yshs yedl ih`ekuked m`jc Ch`` jt e`, 7?52, njdiepetked prjve`jdsh l`mge`
_LK sjgjser 56,9%. Njdurut cesh` L`mge` Gurijd mb Ihsjesj tecud 7?5?, _LK 
njrupeked pjdyjgeg kjnethed pjrhdlket kj-7< ih iudhe tecud 588? ied njdhdlket
njdaeih uruted kj-53 peie tecud 7?5?. Vjiedlked ih Hdimdjshe, pjreweted pjdyekht
lhdae` njrupeked redkhdl kjiue pjngheyeed tjrgjser ierh G_AV kjsjceted sjtj`ec
 pjdyekht aedtudl.

_jdyekht lhdae` krmdhs ewe`dye thiek njdudaukked tedie ied ljae`e denud
iepet
iepet gjra
gjrae`e
e`ed
d prmlrj
prmlrjshb
shb njda
njdaeih
eih lele`
lele` lhdae
lhdae`.
`. _jdye
_jdyekht
kht lhdae`
lhdae` ghse
ghse ihfjle
ihfjlec
c ied
ihtedllu`edlh ied kjnudlkhded udtuk njdiepetked tjreph yedl jbjkthb eked `jghc
 gjser ahke ihkjtecuh `jghc ewe`.

Zdtuk njdhdlketked kjseiered eked pjdthdldye lhdae` udtuk kjsjceted sjfere

njdyj`ur
njdyj`uruc
uc ied njdurud
njdurudked
ked brjkujd
brjkujdsh
sh ied ienpek
ienpek pjdyekht
pjdyekht lhdae`
lhdae` ied prmg`jn
prmg`jn
kjsjceted tjrkeht, ihpjrhdleth \mr`i Khidjy Iey (\KI) eteu Cerh Lhdae` Vjiudhe
sjthep cerh Kenhs peie nhdllu kjiue ih gu`ed Nerjt. _jrhdleted hdh ihnu`eh sjaek 
tecud 7??2 ied tecud hdh Cerh Lhdae` Vjiudhe aetuc peie tedlle` 8 Nerjt 7?5< ijdled

tjne ‐_jdyekht Lhdae` ied Mgjshtes, Leye Chiup Vjcet udtuk Lhdae` yedl Vjcet
(Khidjy ihsjesj edi mgjshty, cje`tcy `hbjsty`j bmr cje`tcy khidjys)„.

G. _rjve`jd
_rjve`jdsh
sh Lele`
Lele` Lhda
Lhdae`
e` Krmdh
Krmdhk 
k 

Iete njdljdeh pjdyekht lhdae` ihiepetked ierh cesh` Whsjt Kjsjceted Ieser 
(Whskjsies, 7?53 ie`en KJNJDYJDWHED KJVJCEYE, 7?53), Hdimdjshed Wjde`
Wjlhstry (HWW), ied sungjr iete `ehd.
Wh
Whskj
skjsie
siess 7?53
7?53 njdlu
njdlunp
npu`k
u`ked
ed iete
iete rjspmd
rjspmdijd
ijd yedl
yedl ihihe
ihiheldm
ldmshs
shs imktj
imktjr 
r 

njdijrhte pjdyekht lele` lhdae` krmdhs, aule gjgjrepe bektmr rhshkm pjdyekht lhdae`
yehtu chpjrtjdsh, ihegjtjs nj`htus ied mgjshtes.
 

Cesh` Whskjsies 7?53, peshjd ijdled _jdyekht Lhdae` Krmdhs ih Hdimdjshe

sjgedyek 6,3% yedl njdle`enh pjdhdlketed ierh 7,?% peie tecud 7?56, ijdled
wh`eyec tjrthdllh yehtu ih Ke`hnedted Ztere sjgedyek 2,9%.

F. K`es
K`eshb
hbhk
hkes
eshh _LK 
_LK 

_j
_jdlu
dlukur
kured
ed budls
budlshh lhdae
lhdae`` tj
tjrge
rgehk
hk ei
eie`
e`ec
ec ijdled
ijdled njdl
njdluku
ukurr @eau
@eau Bh`t
Bh`tre
resh
sh
L`
L`mn
mnjru
jru`us
`us (@BL).
(@BL). Nj`hc
Nj`hcet
et dh`e
dh`ehh `e
`eau
au bh`
bh`tr
tresh
esh l`mnjru
l`mnjru`u
`uss ( @BL
@BL ) gehk
gehk sjfer
sjferee
`edlsudl eteu nj`e`uh pjrchtudled
pjrchtudled gjrieserked
gjrieserked dh`eh pjdlukured
pjdlukured krjethdhd,
krjethdhd, ajdhs
kj`enhd ied unur sjsjmredl. _jdlukured @BL thiek iepet ih`ekuked sjfere `edlsudl,
tjteph
tjteph cesh`
cesh` jsthnes
jsthneshdye
hdye iepet
iepet ihdh`eh
ihdh`eh nj`e`uh
nj`e`uh gjrshced
gjrshced lhdae`
lhdae` ierh suetu pjdedie
pjdedie
bh`tresh. Ve`ec setu pjdedie tjrsjgut yedl sjrhdl ihludeked ie`en prekthk k`hdhs eie`ec
krjethdhd sjrun.

Njdur
Njdurut
ut Fcrmd
Fcrmdhf
hf Kh
Khidj
idjy
y Ih
Ihsje
sjesj
sj Hnpr
Hnprmvh
mvhdl
dl L`
L`mge
mge`` Mutf
Mutfmn
mnjs
js (FKI
(FKI

KIHLM) prmpmsji f`esshbhfethmd, iepet ihgelh njdaeih 1

Gjrie
Gjrieser
serked
ked e`gun
e`gunhd
hd ihie`
ihie`en
en urhd
urhd (e`gun
(e`gunhdu
hduhe
he),
), pjdyek
pjdyekht
ht lhdae
lhdae`` krmdh
krmdhss ihgel
ihgelhh
njdaeih 1

* gjrcugudled ijdled rjneae ied ijwese

** tjrnesuk djpcrmthf sydirmn, ihnede ghesedye jkskrjsh e`gunhd 4 77??nl/ 79 aen
 

I. Be
Bekt
ktmr
mr Whs
Whshk
hkm
m

_rmpmrsh tjrgjser peshjd cjnmihe`hshs ih`etergj`ekedlh

ih`etergj`ekedlh pjdyekht chpjrtjdsh ied
ihegjtjs, sjiedlked bektmr rhshkm yedl njdaeih tjne Cerh Lhdae` Vjiudhe tecud hdh
eie`ec mgjshtes.

5. Chpjrtj
rtjdsh

Gjrie
Gjrieser
serked
ked cesh`
cesh` pjdluk
pjdlukure
ured
d tjked
tjkeded
ed ierec
ierec peie
peie Wh
Whskj
skjsie
siess 7?56,
7?56,
 prjve`jdsh chpjrtjdsh peie pjdiuiuk unur 53 tecud kj etes ih Hdimdjshe eie`ec
sjgjse
sjgjserr 7:,3%
7:,3%.. Vj
Vjied
iedlk
lked
ed yedl
yedl gjries
gjrieserk
erked
ed wewe
wewedfe
dfere
re tj`e
tj`ec
c tjrih
tjrihel
eldms
dmshs
hs
chpjrtjdsh m`jc imktjr cedye 8,9%.

7. Ihegjtjs

Njdurut cesh` Whskjsies 7?56, prjve`jdsh pjdijrhte ihegjtjs ih Hdimdjshe

eie`ec sjgjser :,<%, ied cedye 72,6% yedl tj`ec tjriheldmshs.

6. Mgjshtes

Mgjshtess njrupeked bektmr rhshkm kuet tjraeihdye

Mgjshte tjraeihdye pjdyekht lhdae`. Mgjshtes
njdhdlketked rhshkm ierh bektmr rhshkm utene ierh _LK sjpjrth chpjrtjdsh ied
ihegjtjs. _eie mgjshtes, lhdae` aule cerus gjkjrae `jghc kjres njdyerhdl ierec
`jghc ierh dmrne` udtuk njnjduch
njnjduch kjgutuced njtegm`hk ekhget pjdhdlketed gjret
 geied. _jdhdlketed budlsh hdh iepet njrusek lhdae` ied njdhdlketked rhshkm
tjraeihdye _LK ie`en aedlke pedaedl.

Cesh` Whskjsies
Whskjsies 7?56 mgjshtes peie pjdiuiuk unur 453 tecud sjgjser 59,3%
ied gjret geied `jghc sjgjser 55,:%. Vjiedlked mgjshtes sjdtre` tjraeih peie 72,2%
 pjdiuiuk. _jrsjdtesj tjrsjgut njdudaukked pjdhdlketed ihgedihdlked cesh`
Whskjsies tecud 7??< ied 7?5?.

J. Jthm`mlh

• Hdbjksh
Hdbjksh nhse`d
nhse`dye
ye phj`mdjb
phj`mdjbrhth
rhthss krmdhk
krmdhk,, l`mnjru`
l`mnjru`mdjp
mdjpcrht
crhths
hs
• _jdyekh
_jdyekhtt vesku`jr
vesku`jr chpjrt
chpjrtjdsh
jdshbb nhse`dye
nhse`dye djbrmsk
djbrmsk`jrm
`jrmshs
shs gjd
gjdhlde
hlde,, djbrmsk`j
djbrmsk`jrmsh
rmshss
ne`hlde, stjdmshs ertjrhe rjde`hs 7
• Ledl
Ledllu
lued
ed ae
aerh
rhdl
dled
ed pj
pjdy
dyen
engu
gudl
dl nhse
nhse`d
`dye
ye `upu
`upuss jrht
jrhtjn
jnet
etms
msus
us shst
shstjn
jnhk
hk,,
 pm`hertjrhths dmimse,sk`jrmshs
dmim se,sk`jrmshs shstjnhk prmlrjshb
prm lrjshb
 

• Ledllued
Ledllued kmdljd
kmdljdhte
hte`` ied cjrjihtj
cjrjihtjrr nhse`dye
nhse`dye pjdyek
pjdyekht
ht lhdae`
lhdae` pm`hkh
pm`hkhsthk
sthk,esh
,eshimsh
imshss
tugu`us lhdae`
• _jdyekh
_jdyekhtt njtegm`
njtegm`hk
hk nhse`dy
nhse`dyee IN, lmut,
lmut, chpjr
chpjrpere
perethrm
thrmhihs
hihsnj,
nj, enh`
enh`mhim
mhimshs
shs
• Djbrmpe
Djbrmpeth
th tmkshk
tmkshk nhse`d
nhse`dye
ye pjdye`e
pjdye`eclud
cludeed
eed ede`l
ede`ljshk
jshk,dj
,djbrmp
brmpeth
eth thnge
thnge``
• Djbrm
Djbrmpet
pethh mgstr
mgstrukt
ukthb
hb nhse`d
nhse`dye
ye se`ured
se`ured kjnhc
kjnhc gelhed
gelhed ete
etes1
s1 ke`ku`
ke`ku`hh djmp`
djmp`esn
esne,
e,

bhgrmshs djtrmpj
bhgrmshs djtrmpjrht
rhtmdje
mdje`.
`. Ve`ured
Ve`ured kjnhc
kjnhc gelhed
gelhed gewec1
gewec1 chpjrtrm
chpjrtrmph
ph prmstet
prmstet,,
strhktur urjtre, edmne`h kmdljdhte` peie `jcjr kediudl kjnhc ied urjtre.
• Getu
Getu se`ur
se`ured
ed kjdfh
kjdfhdl
dl yedl
yedl njdyjg
njdyjgeg
egked
ked chirm
chirm`h
`htye
tyesh
shss

B. _etm
_etmbh
bhsh
shm`
m`ml
mlhh

_eie wektu tjraeih kjlele`ed lhdae` sjgelhed djbrmd (tjrnesuk l`mnjru`us ied
tugu`us) ihiule utuc sjiedlked yedl `ehd rusek (chpmtjse djbrmd utuc). Djbrmd-djbrmd
yedl utuc chpjrtr
chpjrtrmbh
mbh ied njnprmi
njnprmiuksh
uksh vm`unj
vm`unj bh`tresh
bh`tresh yedl njdhdlk
njdhdlket
et ihsjrte
ihsjrtehh
rjegsmrpsh we`eupud ie`en kjeieed pjduruded LBW / ieye serhdl. Njtmij eiepthb hdh
njnudlkhdked lhdae` udtuk gjrbudlsh senpeh ´ ierh djbrmd‖djbrmd rusek. Gjged
 geced yedl cerus ih`erut njdaeih `jghc gjser ierhpeie yedl ghse ihrjegsmrpsh
 gjrekhget ihurjshs
ihur jshs msnmthk ihsjrteh
ihsj rteh pm`hurh ied ceus. Vj`edautdye kerjde
k erjde aun`ec djbrmd
djbrm d
yedl rusek gjrtengec gedyek m`hlurh thngu` ihsjrteh rjtjdsh prmiuk shse. Yhthk ihnede
thngu`dye ljae`e-ljae`e peie peshjd njdaeih `jghc aj`es ied nudfu` ljae`e-ljae`e kces
kjlele`ed lhdae` gh`e khre-khre budlsh lhdae` tj`ec ch`edl 3?% - 8?%. _eie thdlket hdh
budlsh rjde` yedl ijnhkhed dh`eh krjethdhd f`jeredfj turud senpeh 5: n`/njdht eteu
`jghc
`jghc rjdiec
rjdiec htu. Budlsh rjde` njdurud
njdurud,, prmiuk
prmiuk ekchr
ekchr njtegm`
njtegm`hsn
hsnjj prmtjhd
prmtjhd (yedl
(yedl
dmrne`dye ihjkskrjshked kj ie`en urhd) tjrthngud ie`en ierec. Yjraeih urjnhe ied
njnpjdl
njnpjdleruc
eruchh sjthep
sjthep shstjn
shstjn tuguc.
tuguc. Vjnekhd
Vjnekhd gedyek
gedyek thngude
thnguded
d 6 prmiuk
prmiuk senpec
senpec
neke ljae`e eked sjnekhd gjret. Gedyek ljae`e urjnhe njngehk sjtj`ec ihe`yshs.
(Gruddjr & Vuiiertc, 7??5 1 5993)
K`eshbhkesh Lele` lhdae` krmdhk ihgelh 6 steihun 1
 Vteihun 5 1 pjduruded feiedled lhdae`, peie steihun keier krjethdhd
sjrun dmrne` ied pjdijrhte eshnptmnethk.
 Vteihun 7 1 hdsubhshjdsh
hdsubhshjdsh lhdae`, ihnede `jghcg ierh <: % aerhdled tj`ec
rusek, G`mmi Zrje Dhtrmljd ( GZD ) njdhdlket, ied krjethdhd sjrun

njdhdlket.
 Vteihun 6 1 lele` lhdae` steihun ekchr eteu urjnhe.
 

K/
K/IM
IMUH
UH njrj
njrjkmn
kmnjd
jdies
ieshke
hked
d pjngel
pjngelhed
hed FKI
FKI gjries
gjrieserk
erked
ed steih
steihun
un ierh
ierh
thdlket pjduruded @BL 1
 Vteihun 5 1 kj`ehded lhdae` yedl ihtedieh ijdled e`gunhderhe pjrshstjd
ied @BL yedl neshc dmrne` ( 4 8? n` / njdht / 5,<6 n7
 Vteihun 7 1 Kj`ehded lhdae` ijdled e`gunhderhe pjrshstjd ied @BL

edtere 2?-38 n@/njdht/5,<6 n7

 Vteihun 6 1 kj`ehded lhdae` ijdled @BL edtere 6?-:8
n@/njdht/5,<6n7
 Vteihun 9 1 kj`ehded lhdae` ijdled @BL edtere 5:-
78n@/njdht/5,<6n7
 Vteihun: 1 kj`ehded lhdae` ijdled @BL 0 5:n@/njdht/5,<6n7 eteu
lele` lhdae` tjrnhde`.
Zdtuk njdh`eh LBW ( L`mnj`u`er Bh`trethmd Wetj ) / FFY ( F`jeredfj Frjethdhd
Yjst ) iepet ihludeked ijdled runus 1

F`jeredfj frjethdhd ( n`/ njdht ) > ( 59?-unur ) x gjret geied ( kl )

<7 x frjethdh sjrun
_eie wedhte cesh` tjrsjgut ihke`hked ijdled ?,3:
 

L. _EYC
_EYC\E
\EX
X

C. Nedhb
Nedhbjst
jstes
eshh K`hdh
K`hdhss
5. Nedhbjstesh k`hdhk edtere `ehd (@mdl, 5882 1 628)1
e. Ljae
Ljae`e
`e ihdh
ihdh 1 `j
`jtce
tcerlh
rlh,, se
sekht
kht kjpe`e
kjpe`e,, kj`j`
kj`j`ece
eced
d bhshk
bhshk ied njdte
njdte`,
`, gjret
gjret geied
geied
 gjrkuredl, nuiec tjrshdlludl,
tjrshd lludl, ijprjsh
 g. Ljae`e yedl
y edl `jghc
`jg hc `edaut 1 edmrjkshe,
edmr jkshe, nue` ihsjrteh nudtec, debes
d ebes iedlke`
i edlke` eteu
e teu
sjsek debes gehk wektuh eie kjlheted eteu thiek, uijn yedl ihsjrteh `jkuked,
 prurhths nudlkhd thiek eie teph nudlkhd aule sedlet
sed let perec.
7. Nedhbjstesh k`hdhk njdurut (Vnj`tzjr, 7??5 1 5998) edtere `ehd 1 chpjrtjdsh, (ekhget
rjtjdsh fehred ied detrhun ierh ekthvhtes shsyjn rjdhd - edlhmtjdshd ‖ e`imstjrmd),
le
lele`
le` ae
aedt
dtudl
udl kmdlj
kmdljst
sthb
hb ied uijn
uijn pu`nm
pu`nmdjr
djr (ekhge
(ekhgett fehre
fehred
d gjr`j
gjr`jghc
ghced)
ed) ied
 pjrhkerihths (ekhget hrhmtesh peie `ephsed
`ephs ed pjrhkerihe` m`jc tmkshk, prurhths, edmrjkshe,
edmrjk she,
nue`, nudtec, ied fjluked, kjiuted mtmt, kjaedl, pjrugeced thdlket kjseiered,
thiek nenpu gjrkmdsjdtresh).
6. Nedhbjstesh k`hdhk njdurut Vuymdm (7??5) eie`ec sjgeleh gjrhkut1
e. Ledllued
Ledllued kerihmve
kerihmvesku`
sku`jr
jr Chpjrt
Chpjrtjdsh
jdsh,, dyjrh
dyjrh ieie,
ieie, ied sjsek
sjsek debes
debes ekhget
ekhget
  pjrhkerihths, jbbush pjrhkerihef ied lele` aedtudl ekhget pjdhnguded fehred,
ledllued hrene aedtudl ied jijne.
g. Ledllued _u`nmdjr Debes iedlke`, kussneu`, getuk ijdled sputun kjdte`

ied rhek, suere krjkj`s.

f. Ledllued lestrmhdtjsthde` Edmrjkshe, deusje, ied bmnhtus yedl gjrcugudled
ijdl
ijdled
ed njt
jteg
egm`
m`hs
hsnj
nj pr
prmt
mtjh
jhd
d ie`e
ie`en
n usus
usus,, pjri
pjrier
erec
eced
ed peie
peie se`u
se`ure
red
d
lestrmhdtjsthde`, u`sjresh ied pjriereced nu`ut, debes geu ennmdhe.
i. Ledllued nusku`mskj`jte` Wjsh`js `jl shdirmn ( pjle` peie kekhdye sjchdlle

sj`e`
sj`e`u
u ihljr
ihljreke
eked
d ), gurdh
gurdhdl
dl bj
bjjt
jt sydir
sydirmn
mn ( rese
rese kjsjn
kjsjnut
uted
ed ied tjrge
tjrgeker
ker,,
tjrutenee : ihtj`epek
tjruten ihtj`epek kekh ), trjnmr, nhmpeth ( kj`jneced ied chpjrtrmph
chpjrtrmph mtmt ‖ 
mtmt jkstrjnhtes.
j. Ledllued
Ledllued Hdtjlunjd
Hdtjlunjd ku`ht
ku`ht gjrwerde
gjrwerde pufet ekhget
ekhget edjnhe
edjnhe ied kjkudhdl
kjkudhdl ‖ 
kudhdled ekhget pjdhnguded urmkrmn, lete` ‖ lete` ekhget tmkshk, kuku thphs
ied repuc.
b. Ledllued jdimkrhn Ledllued sjksue` 1 `hghim bjrth`htes ied jrjksh njdurud,
ledllued njdstruesh ied enhdmrj. Ledllued njtegm`hf l`ukmse, ledllued
njtegm`hf `jnek ied vhtenhd I.

l. Ledllued fehred j`jktrm`ht ied kjsjhngedled esen ied gese ghesedye rjtjdsh
leren
leren ied ehr tjt
tjteph
eph iepet
iepet aule tjraeih
tjraeih kjch`ed
kjch`edled
led detrhun
detrhun ied ijchires
ijchiresh,
h,
eshimshs, chpjrke`jnhe, chpmneldjsjnhe, chpmke`sjnhe.
c. Vystjn cjnetm`mlh edjnhe yedl ihsjgegked kerjde gjrkuredldye prmiuksh

jrht
jrhtmp
mpmj
mjth
thd,
d, sj
sjch
chdl
dlle
le re
redl
dlse
sedl
dled
ed jrht
jrhtmp
mpmj
mjsh
shss pe
peie
ie sun
sun ‖ sun
sun tu`e
tu`edl
dl
 gjrkuredl, cjnm`hshs ekhget gjrkuredldye nese chiup jrhtrmsht ie`en suesede
urjn
urjnhe
he tmks
tmkshk
hk,, iepe
iepett aule
aule tj
tjra
raei
eihh ledl
ledllu
lued
ed budl
budlsh
sh trmn
trmngm
gmsh
shss ied
ied
trmngmshtmpjdh.

H. Yjreph

_jdyekht lhdae` krmdhs yedl tj`ec njnesukh steihun : eteu pjdyekht lhdae`
tecep ekchr (_LYE) njnjr`uked tjreph pjdlledth lhdae` (Y_L). Eie thle nmie`htes
Y_L yehtu cjnmihe`hshs, ihe`hshs pjrhtmdje` ied tredsp`edtesh lhdae`. (Ijpkjs, 7?5<)
5. Zdht
Zdht _j
_j`e
`eyed
yeded
ed Ih
Ihe`h
e`hsh
shss
Gjrieserked _jretured Njdtjrh Kjsjceted Dmnmr 357 Yecud 7?5? tjdtedl
_jdyj`jdllereed _j`eyeded Ihe`hshs peie Besh`htes _j`eyeded Kjsjceted, ihe`hshs
 eie`ec thdieked njihs pjngjrhed pj`eyeded tjreph pjdlledth budlsh lhdae` sjgeleh
 gelhed ierh pjdlmgeted peshjd
pe shjd lele` lhdae` ie`en upeye
u peye njnpjrtecedked kue`htes
chiup yedl mpthne` yedl tjrihrh ierh ihe`hshs pjrhtmdje` ied cjnmihe`hshs. Ihe`hshs
 pjrhtmdje` njrupeked tjreph pjdlledth lhdae` ijdled njnpjrludeked pjrhtmdjun
 peshjd sjgeleh njngred sjnhpjrnjegj`, edtere `ehd Fmdthdmus Engu`etmry
_j
_jrh
rhtm
tmdje
dje`` Ih
Ihe`
e`ysh
yshss (FE_
(FE_I)
I) ied
ied Engu`
Engu`et
etmry
mry _jrht
_jrhtmd
mdje`
je` Ih
Ihe`y
e`yshs
shs (E_I
(E_I).
).
Vjiedlked cjnmihe`hshs eie`ec tjreph pjdlledth budlsh lhdae` yedl njdlludeked
e`ett kcusus
e`e kcusus ijdled
ijdled tuaued
tuaued njdlj`u
njdlj`uerke
erked
d tmkshs
tmkshs urjnhk
urjnhk ied njdletu
njdleturr fehred
fehred
j`jktrm`ht tuguc.
Besh`h
Besh`htes
tes pj`eyed
pj`eyeded
ed ihe`hsh
ihe`hshss eie`ec
eie`ec besh`h
besh`htes
tes pj`eyede
pj`eyeded
d kjsjcet
kjsjceted
ed yedl
ihludeked udtuk njdyj`jdllereked pj`eyeded ihe`hshs, gehk ih ie`en neupud ih
`uer runec sekht. Gjrieserked iete HWW tecud 7?5:, besh`ht
besh`htes
es pj`eyeded ihe`hshs ih
Hdimdjshe gjrieserked hdsthtush ihk`eshbhkeshked
ihk`eshbhkeshked njdaeih iue yehtu hdste`esh
hdste`esh runec
sekht sjgedyek 87,5% ied k`hdhk sjgedyek <,8%. Ajdhs pj`eyeded yedl ihgjrhked
 peie besh`htes pj`eyeded ihe`hshs ih edteredye cjnmihe`hshs, tredsp`edtesh, FE_I,
ied Fmdthdmus Wjde` Wjp`efjnjdt Ycjrepy (FWWY). Gjrieserked HWW tecud 7?59
neymr
neymrht
htes
es `e
`eyed
yeded
ed yedl
yedl ihgjrh
ihgjrhke
ked
d peie
peie besh`
besh`ht
htes
es pj`ey
pj`eyede
eded
d ihe`h
ihe`hsh
shss eie`e
eie`ec
c
cjnmihe`hshs (37%). Vhsedye gjrupe `eyeded FE_I (57,3%), tredsp`edtesh (7,2%)

ie
ied
d FWWY
FWWY (7,6%)
(7,6%).. _j
_j`ey
`eyede
eded
d FWWY
FWWY ghesed
ghesedye
ye ih`e
ih`ekuk
kuked
ed ih HFZ
HFZ tjte
tjteph
ph eie
 gjgjrepe besh`htes `eyeded
`eye ded ihe`hshs yedl nj`eyedh
nj`ey edh FWWY.
_e
_eie
ie te
tecud
cud 7?5:,
7?5:, ie
ierh
rh tmte
tmte`` 9.383
9.383 njshd
njshd cjnmih
cjnmihe`
e`hsh
hshss yedl
yedl tjrie
tjriete
te,,
 prmpmrsh tjrgedyek tjriepet ih wh`eyec IKH Aekerte (72%) ied Aewe Geret (77%).
_rmvhdsh Aewe Yjdlec 57%, Aewe Yhnur 55%, Vunetjre Ztere <%, Ge`h 9%,
Vunetjre Geret 9%, Vunetjre Vj`eted 9%, IH Xmlyekerte 6%, Ke`hnedted 7%,
ied prmvhdsh `ehddye sjkhter 5%.
_j`eyed
_j`eyeded
ed ihe`hsh
ihe`hshss `eh
`ehddye
ddye yehtu
yehtu FE_I
FE_I ied tredsp`
tredsp`edt
edtesh
esh neshc
neshc nhdhn
nhdhn
ih`e
ih`eku
kuke
ked
d ih Hdim
Hdimdj
djsh
shee ke
kerj
rjde
de gj
gjgj
gjre
repe
pe kj
kjdi
die`
e`e.
e. FE_I
FE_I nesh
neshc
c ku
kure
redl
dl
smshe`hseshdye ih nesyereket. Vj`ehd htu, aun`ec imktjr ied pjrewet yedl nechr 
FE_I neshc sjihkht ied njngutucked gheye mpjreshmde` yedl fukup gjser udtuk 
 prmsjs ihstrhgush fehred kjpeie besh`htes `eyeded ihe`hshs yedl njngutucked.
Vjiedlk
Vjiedlked
ed udtuk
udtuk `eyeded
`eyeded tredsp`e
tredsp`edte
dtesh,
sh, kjkuredl
kjkuredleddy
eddyee eie peie kjtjrsji
kjtjrsjiheed
heed
imdmr lhdae`. Gj`un eiedye ieser cukun yedl njneyudlh thdieked tredsp`edtes
tredsp`edteshh
ih Hdimdjshe ied gjrelendye kjnenpued imktjr ih sjthep iejrec aule njdaeih
kjdie`e pj`eyeded hdh.
 _jdthdl udtuk nj`ekuked ijtjksh ihdh _LK yedl iepet ih`hcet ie`en ihelren ih
 gewec hdh1

Yegj` 5. Ihelren Ijtjksh Ihdh _jdyekht Lhdae` Krmdhk 

Vhepe yedl gjrhshkm thdllh Epe yedl pjr`u Vjgjrepe sjrhdl=
njdijrhte pjdyekht lhdae`= ih`ekuked=
• Znur 4:? tecud _jrhkse Yhep 57 gu`ed
• Ihegjtjs • Yjkeded ierec
• Chpjrtjdsh • Zrhdj ihpsthfk 
• _jrmkmk  (nhfrme`gunhdurhe ahke
• Mgjshtes ihegjtjs)
• Whweyet kj`uerle • FFY eteu jLBW 
njdijrhte pjdyekht lhdae`
Kjtjredled 1 FFY > Frjethdhd F`jeredfj Yjst 
jLBW > pjrkhreed `eau bh`tresh l`mnjru`us
Vungjr 1 Fmnprjcjdshvj F`hdhfe` Djpcrm`mly,
Djpcrm`mly, 7?5:

A. _j
_jnj
njrh
rhks
ksee
eed
d _jd
_jdud
udae
aedl
dl

Ihie`en njngjrhked
njngjrhked pj`eyeded
pj`eyeded kjpjreweted
kjpjreweted tjrutene hdtjrvjdsh
hdtjrvjdsh neke pjr`u
 pjnjrhkseed pjdudaedl yedl ihgutucked
ihgu tucked gehk
g ehk sjfere njihs eteupud km`egmresh edtere
`ehd 1
5. _j
_jnj
njrh
rhks
ksee
eed
d `eg
`eg iere
ierec
c
 Cjnetm`mlh1 Cg, Ct, Jrhtrmsht, @jkmsht, Yrmngmsht

 WBY ( rjde` budlsh tjst )1 urjun ied krjethdhd

 @BY (`hvjr budlsh tjst )

 J`jktrm`ht1 K`mrhie, ke`hun, ke`shun

 Kmelu`esh stuih1 _YY, _YYK 

 GLE
7. Zrhdj
 Zrhdj ruthd

 Zrhd kcusus 1 gjdie kjtmd, ede`hse krhste` getu

6. _j
_jnj
njrhk
rhksee
seed
d kerih
kerihmve
mvesku
sku`j
`jr 
r 
 JFL

 JFM
9. Wei
eihi
hihe
held
ldms
msth
thk 
k 
 ZVL egimnhde`

 FY sfed egimnhde`

 GDM/HR_, B_E

 Wjdmlren

 W_L ( rjthm phj`mlrebh )

YHDAEZED KEVZV

Yd.I (<3 tecud) ihrewet ih HFZ ijdled iheldmshs FKI _rm CI, Eshimshs njtegm`hf,
Kjtmshs IN, Edjnhe. Whweyet pjdyekht Vjkeredl 1 _eshjd thiek neu neked, nue`,
dyjrh u`u ceth, ijnen ch`edl thngu` sjaek 6 cerh sjgj`un nesuk WV.
Cesh` pjdlkeahed 1 LFV 1 J9N:R9, kjseiered 1 epeths.
YYR 1 YI 1 5?5/:5 nnCl, NE_ 12<, CW1 <3x/njdht, Vucu 1 62,: mF, WW1 5<x/njdht
ijdled Wjgrjetchdl Nesk 3 `pn. Ihenjtjr puph` 1 7nn/7nn, Wjb`jks feceye1 +/+.

Cesh` pjnjrhkseed Cjnetm`mlhs 1

Cg 1 5?,9 l/i`
Cjnetmkrht 1 66%
@jukmsht 1 5?,< x5?6/u@
Yrmngmsht 1 7?9x5?6/u@
Jrhtrmsht 1 9,57x5?2/u@
 LIV 1 57? nl/i`
VLMY1 57 Z/@
VL_Y1 8 Z/@
Zrjun 1 786 nl/i@
Krjethdhd 1 5?,22 nl/i@
 Detrhun 1 5:5 nnm`/@
Ke`hun 1 9,<? nnm`/@
_Y/_YY 1 52,7 ijthk/ 6:,2 ijthk 

Cesh` ELI 1
_C 1 <,6:
_FM7 1 6? nnCl
CFM61 56,8 nnm`/@
_M71 535,:nnCl
VpM7 1 83 %

Cesh` Wmdtljd 1Ferihmnjle`h ijdled kmdbhluresh WRC pdjunmdhe.

_eshjd njdiepetked tjreph 1 HRBI DeF` ?,8% :??ff, Mnjprezm` 7x9 nl, Fjbtrhexmdj
1 5x7 lr, Mdiedfjdtrmd 6x9 nl, Burmsjnhij 7x9? nl, Dmvmrepui : udht. Mre` 1 Esen
bm`et 6x5 teg, Ghfdet 7x5 teg, Vhnvestethd 5x7? nl, Ghsmprm`m` 5x5,7: nl.
 

EVZCED KJ_JWE\EYED _EIE _EVHJD IH HFZ

E. _jdl
_jdlke
keah
ahed
ed

E. Hi
Hijd
jdth
thte
tess

e. Hi
Hijd
jdth
thte
tess _es
_eshj
hjd
d

 Dene 1 Yd. I
Znur 1 <3 tecud
Ajdhs Kj
Kj`enhd 1 @e
@ekh-`ekh
 Elene 1 Hs`en
_jdihihked 1 VNE
_jkjraeed 1 _jdshuded
E`enet 1 A`. @hnm Weye
Vuku/ Gedlse 1 Gjtewh
Yedlle` Nesuk WV 1 73-?8-7?7?
Yedlle` _jdlkeahed 1 73-?8-7?7?
Iheldmse Njihs 1 Fc
Fcrmdhf Kh
Khidjy Ih
Ihsjesj _r
_rm C
CII, Es
Eshimshs nj
njtegm`hf,
Kjtmshs IN, Edjnhe.

g. Hijdth
Hijdthtes
tes _jdedl
_jdedllu
ludl
dl Aewe
Aeweg
g

 Dene 1 Dy. E
Znur 1 :? tecud
Cug. Ijdled _eshjd1 Edek 

G. Wh
Whwe
weye
yett Kjsjc
Kjsjcet
eted
ed
 e. Kj`u
`uce
ced
d ut
utene
ene

_eshjd njrese nue`, dyjrh u`u ceth.

g. Whweye
Whweyett _jdy
_jdyekh
ekhtt Vjke
Vjkered
redl
l

Whweyet seet nesuk WV1

_eshjd thiek neu neked, nue`, dyjrh u`u ceth, ijnen ch`edl thngu` sjaek 6 cerh
sjgj`un nesuk WV.

f. Wh
Whwe
weye
yett _jdy
_jdyek
ekht
ht iec
iecu`
u`u1
u1

FKI, IN.

i. Whweye
Whweyett _jdy
_jdyekh
ekhtt Kj`u
Kj`uer
erle
le
 IN.

F. _jnjr
_jnjrhks
hkseed
eed Bhshk 
Bhshk 

e. Kjei
Kjeiee
eed Znun11 thdlket kjseiered epeths.
d Znun
g. Yedi
Yedie-
e-te
tedi
die
e Rh
Rhte
te``

5) Yjked
jkeded
ed Iere
Ierec
c

Vhstm`hk 1 5?5 nnCl

Ihestm`hk 1 :5 nnCl
NE_ 1 2< nnCl
Cjert Wetj 1 <3 x/njdht

Wjsphresh 1 5< x/njdht (WN 3 `pn)

7) Vucu 1 62,:ˑF
6) LFV 1 J9N:R9
 f. _jnj
_jnjrh
rhks
ksee
eed
d Vhst
Vhstjn
jn Yug
Yuguc
uc

5) Vhstjn
Vhstjn _jrjps
_jrjpshh sjd
sjdsmr
smrhh

Nete

Hdspjksh 1
e. Kj`mpek nete 1 pufet
 g. Vk`jre 1 pufet
f. Fmdaudlhve 1 edjnhs
i. _uph` ied rjb`jks 1 +/+
j. Rhsus 1 Dmrne`
b. Zkured puph` 1 7nn/7nn
_e`pesh

e. Yjkeded gm`e nete 1 dmrne`

 Chiudl ied shdus

Hdspjksh
e. Dese` sjptun 1 tjlek `urus
 g. Njngredj nukmse 1 werde njrec nuie
nui e
f. Mgstruksh 1 thiek eie
_e`pesh
e. Vhdus brmdte`hs 1 dyjrh (-)
 g. Vhdus Neksh`erhs 1 dyjrh (-)

Yj`hdle
Hdspjksh
e. Gjdtuk 1 shnjtrhs
 g. Ieud tj`hdle

- \erde 1 kudhdl `edlset

- @jsh 1 thiek eie

f. @hedl Yj`hdle
 - Vjrunjd 1 thiek eie

- Mtmrj 1 thiek eie

- _jreiedled 1 thiek eie

i. Budlsh pjdijdlered 1 gehk

Nu`ut

Hdspjksh
e. Ghghr
- Gjdtuk 1 shnjtrhs
- Kmdihsh 1 gehk
- \erde 1 njrec nuie
- @jsh 1 thiek eie
 g. Nukmse Nu`ut

- \erde 1 njrec nuie

- Yjkstur 1 `jngut
- @jsh 1 thiek eie
 f. Lj`hlh

- \erde 1 kudhdl, tjriepet ferhjs

i. @hiec
- \erde 1 njrec nuie

- Yjkstur 1 ce`us
- Yrjnmr 1 thiek
_e`pesh
e. _hph
- Dyjrh Yjked 1 thiek eie

- _jngjdlkeked 1 thiek eie

 g. _e`etun

- _jngjdlkeked 1 thiek eie

f. @hiec
- Dyjrh Yjked 1 thiek eie
- _jngjdlkeked 1 thiek eie
- Nesse 1 thiek eie
 7) Vh
Vhst
stjn
jn _jrd
_jrdep
epes
esed
ed

Hdspjksh 1 pjrljreked ieie steths ied ihdenhs, ukured ieie shnjtrhs.

_e`pesh1 dyjrh ieie kjthke njderhk debes.

_jrkush1 smdmr ih kjiue `epedl peru.

Eusku`tesh1 suere debes rmdkch (+) gesec ce`us ihkjiue gese` peru.

6) Vhstjn
Vhstjn Kerihm
Kerihmves
vesku`
ku`jr
jr

Hdspjksh 1 tjriepet pjngjdlkeked

_e`pesh1 tjriepet pjngjdlkeked
_jrkush1 iu``djs
Eusku`tesh1 ijtek aedtudl thiek gjretured
 9) Vh
Vhst
stjn
jn _jdf
_jdfjr
jrde
deed
ed

Hdspjksh 1 eshtjs, thiek eie `jsh.

_e`pesh1 tjriepet dyjrh tjked, cjper tjrege, pjrnukeed `hfhd.

_jrkush1 smdmr 
Eusku`tesh1 ghshdl usus 9x/njdht

:) Vh
Vhst
stjn
jn _jrk
_jrkjn
jnhc
hced
ed

Hdspjksh
e. _jreiedled/\erde kjnjreced 1 thiek eie
 g. Fehred yedl kj`uer 1 6?n`/aen
6? n`/aen
f. Cjrdhe 1 thiek eie
i. Ketjtjr 1 tjrpesedl
 2) Vhstjn
Vhstjn Nusku`
Nusku`msk
mskj`j
j`jte
te``

Jkstrjnhtes Vupjrhmr1 kuku pufet, ekre` cedlet, FWY 07 ijthk.

Jkstrjnhtes Hdbjrhmr 1 ijbmrnhtes (-), pufet, ekre` cedlet.

<) Vh
Vhst
stjn
jn Hdtj
Hdtjlu
lunj
njd
d

Ku`ht
Hdspjksh
5. \erde 1 sewm netedl, sjihkht pufet
7. Yurlmr ku`ht 1 thiek j`esths

6. Kj`jngeged 1 (+)
9. @jsh 1 thiek eie
:. Vucu 1 62,:ˑF
  

Kuku
5. Gjdtuk 1 dmrne`
7. \erde kuku 1 pufet
6. FWY 1 07 ijthk 
_e`pesh
Njdjked kuku ijdled hgu aerh 1 thiek eie dyjrh

i. Espj
Espjk
k _shk
_shkm`
m`ml
mlhs
hs

_jdyekht yedl ihe`enh k`hjd, njnguetdye thiek ghse gjrekthvhtes sjpjrth ghese.

j. Espjk Vm
Vmshe`
 Cugudled peshjd ih nesyereket fukup gehk. _eshjd sjrhdl njdlhkut
njdlhkuthh kjlheted ih

WY-dye.

b. Esjk Vp
Vphrhtue`

Vjgj`un sekht, peshjd ekthb ih pjdleahed.

I. Iete
Iete _jdu
_jduda
daed
edl
l

e. Iete @egmretmrhun (Cjnetm`mlh,

(Cjnetm`mlh, Edh`hshs les ierec ertjrh, i``)

Yedlle` ied Aen _jnjrhkseed

_jnjrhkseed 1 73/?8/7?7?

Dm _jnjrhkseed Cesh` Vetued Dh`eh Dmrne` Hdtjprjtesh

 5. Cg 5?,9 lr/i@ 57,6-5:,6 Wjdiec (edjnhe)

7. @jukmsht 5?,< 5?8/@ 9,9-55,6 Dmrne` kerjde thiek eie hdbjksh

6. Jrhtrmsht 9,57 5?57/@ 9-:,: Dmrne`

9. Cjnetmkrht 66 % 6:-9< Wjdiec (edjnhe)

:. Yrmngmsht 7?9 5?8/@ 5:?-9:? Dmrne`

2. pC ierec <,6: <,6:-<,9: Dmrne`

<. _eM7 535,: nnCl 3?-5?? Yhdllh

 3. _eFM7 6? nnCl 6:-9: Wjdiec (eshimshs njtegm`hk)

8. CFM6 56,8 nnm`/@ 77-72 Wjdiec (eshimshs njtegm`hk)

5?. VpM7 83 % 8:-5?? Dmrne`

55. LIV 57? nl/i` <?-56? Dmrne`

57. VLMY 57 Z/@ 6-9? Dmrne`

56. VL_Y 8 Z/@ <-:2 Dmrne`

59. Detrhun 5:5 nnm`/@ 56:-593 Yhdllh

 5:. Ke`hun 9,<? nnm`/@ 6,:-:,: Dmrne`

52. Zrjun 786 nl/i@ 75-96 Yhdllh

5<. Krjethdhd 5?,22 nl/i@ ?,:-?,8 Yhdllh

53. _Y&_YY 52,7 & 6:,2 ijthk 55-56,:&2?-<? Yhdllh&rjdiec

J. _jdet
_jdete`e
e`ekse
ksedee
dee Njihs
Njihs
e. HRBI DeF` ?,8% :??ff
 g. Mnjprezm` 7x9 nl
- Imshs 1
Bmrnu`esh mnjprezm`j yedl tjrsjihe ie`en gjdtuk teg`jt, kepsu` ied hdajksh,
feree njdlmds
fer njdlmdsunsh
unsh,, fere pjdyhnp
pjdyhnpeded
eded,, ied kmnghde
kmnghdesh
sh ijdled
ijdled mget `eh
`ehd.
d.
Mnjprezm`j tjrsjihe ie`en gjdtuk sjiheed kepsu` 7? nl ied hdajksh 9?
nl/5? n@. Imshs pjngjrhed mget 9? nl pjr mre`, sjke`h sjcerh, sj`ene 9-3
nhdllu udtuk u`kus `engudl ied sjtjdlecdye udtuk u`kus iumijdun.
- Hdihkesh 1
Hdihkesh mnjprezm`j ih edteredye udtuk u`kus `engudl ied iumijdun.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh1
Kmdtrehdihkesh mnjprezm`j ahke tjraeih rjeksh e`jrlh tjrceiep mget. _jrhdleted
udtuk thiek njdlludeked mnjprezm`j ie`en aedlke pedaedl ied mgsjrvesh
tjrceiep jbjk senphdl mget, kcususdye peie pjdllude mget yedl njnh`hkh
  pjdyekht aedtudl, cjper,
cjpe r, mstjmpmrmshs, mstjmpjdhe,
mstjmpjd he, eteu chpmneldjsjnhe.
- Jbjk senphdl mget 1
Jbjk
Jbjk senphdl
senphdl mnjprez
mnjprezm`j
m`j yedl gjrshbe
gjrshbett sjrhus
sjrhus eie`ec
eie`ec pjdhdlke
pjdhdlketed
ted rhshkm
rhshkm
tjrkjde
tjrkjde pdjunmd
pdjunmdhe,
he, chpmnel
chpmneldjsj
djsjnhe
nhe,, km`hths
km`hths ekhget
ekhget F`mstrh
F`mstrhihun
ihun ihbbhfh
ihbbhfh`j,
`j,
sjrte djbrhths hdtjrsththe` ekut. Jbjk senphdl unun mnjprezm`j gjrupe nue`,
nudtec, iherj, sekht kjpe`e, pushdl, dyjrh egimnjd, sjrte rese kjngudl.

f. Fjbtrhexmdj 1 5x7 lr
- Hdihkesh1
Hdbjksh se`ured depes, hdbjksh YCY, hdbjksh se`ured kjnhc, sjpshs, njdhdlhths,
hdbjksh tu`edl, sjdih ied aerhdled `udek, hdbjksh hdtre egimnhde` i``.
- Imshs1Ijwese ied edek 4 57 tecud 1 5 - 7 lren setu ke`h sjcerh. imshs iepet
ihdehkked senpeh 9 lren setu ke`h sjcerh.
Fjbtrhexmdj iepet ihgjrhked sjfere hdajksh H.R. ied H.N.
Edek1 6? - :? nl/klGG/cerh.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh1
Chpjrsjdshthb tjrceiep edthghmthk fjpce`mspmrhd. Djmdetus.
- Jbjk Venphdl1

Lestrmhdtjsthde` 1 bejfjs jdfjr / iherj, nue`, nudtec, stmnethths ied l`mshths.

Ku`h
Ku`htt 1 prurh
prurhtus
tus,, urthke
urthkerh
rhe,
e, ijrne
ijrneth
thth
thss e`jr
e`jrlh,
lh, uijn
uijne,
e, jksed
jksedtj
tjn,
n, jrht
jrhtjn
jnee
nu`thbmrne.

i. Mdiedfjdtrmd
Mdiedfjdtrmd 6x9 nl
- Hdihkesh / Nedbeet / Kjludeed 1
_jdedllu`edled nue` ied nudtec kerjde kjnmtjreph, reihmtreph, ied mpjresh
- Imshs1
Ijwese1 3 nl sjfere hdajksh hdtre vjde `enget sjgj`un pjdlmgeted. Zdtuk 
njdfjlec jbjk "ij`eyji" jnjshs, imshs cerus ih`edautked sjfere mre` 3 nl 7

ke
ke`h
`h sj
sjcer
cerhh sj
sj`en
`enee : ce
cerh.
rh. Edek1
Edek1 :nl/n
:nl/n`` imshs
imshs tudlle
tudlle,, sjljr
sjljree sjgj`
sjgj`un
un
kjnmtjreph, `e`u ih`edautked ijdled 9 nl pjrmre` thep 57 aen sj`ene : cerh.
- Jbjk Venphdl1
Vekht kjpe`e, kmdsthpesh, rese pedes peie kjpe`e ied jphlestrun, sjiesh ied
iherj.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh1
 _eshjd ijdled shdirmn UY pedaedl geweed, chpjrsjdshthvhtes

j. Burmsjnhij 7x9? nl

- Nedbeet1
Njdletesh pjdunpuked fehred ih ie`en tuguc
- Imshs
Kmdihsh1 Yjkeded ierec thdllh (chpjrtjdsh)
Ijwe
Ijwese
se11 Yeg`
Yeg`jt
jt 9?‖3?
9?‖3? nl pjr cerh
cerh.. Gh
Ghse
se ihkmn
ihkmngh
ghdes
deshke
hked
d ijdled
ijdled mget
mget
edthchpjrtjdsh.
@edshe
@edshe11 Imshs
Imshs burmsjn
burmsjnhij
hij teg`jt
teg`jt udtuk
udtuk `edshe
`edshe sj`e`u
sj`e`u ihewe`h
ihewe`h ijdled
ijdled imshs
imshs
tjrjdiec, `e`u ihthdlketked sjfere gjrtecep sjsueh kmdihsh peshjd.
- Jbjk Venphdl ied Geceye Burmsjnhij

_jdllud
_jdlludeed
eed burmsjn
burmsjnhij
hij gjrpmtjd
gjrpmtjdsh
sh njdyjge
njdyjgegked
gked sjaun`e
sjaun`ec
c jbjk senphdl
senphdl,,
edtere
edtere `eh
`ehd1
d1 pushdl,
pushdl, vjrthlm
vjrthlm,, nue`
nue` ied nudtec,
nudtec, iherj,
iherj, pjdl`hc
pjdl`hceted
eted guren,
guren,
sjngj`ht.
- Kmdtreh
Kmdtrehdihk
dihkesh1
esh1 lele`
lele` lhdae`
lhdae` ijdled
ijdled edurhe,
edurhe, prjkmne
prjkmne ied kmne
kmne cjpethk,
cjpethk,
ijbhshjdsh j`jktrm`ht, chpmvm`jnhe, chpjrsjdshthvhtes.

b. Dmvmrephi : udht
- Kjludeed Dmvmrephi
 Dmvmrephi ihludeked udtuk njnesukked hdsu`hd lude njngedtu
njnpjrgehkh
njnpjrgehkh prmiuk hdsu`hd yedl ihcesh`ked
ihcesh`ked tuguc ijdled fjpet ied nmijrd
ijdled fere ihsudthkked kj ie`en tuguc.
- Imshs ied Fere pjdlludeed Dmvmrephi
Mget Kjres. Cerus Ijdled Wjsjp Imktjr.
Imshs hdihvhiue` Vugfuted. Imshs unun1 ?,:-5 Z / kl sjthep cerh ie`en
kmnghdesh ijdled hdsu`hd kjrae njdjdlec eteu aedlke pedaedl. Hdbus HR ?,?:-
5 Z / n@.
- Jbjk Venphdl Dmvmrephi
Chpml`hkjnhe (_jduruded l`ukmse ie`en ierec) ied Wjeksh edebh`eksh (suetu
rjeks
rjekshh e`
e`jrl
jrlhh gjret
gjret yedl
yedl tjrae
tjraeih
ih sjfere
sjfere thge
thge-th
-thge
ge ied iepet
iepet njdyj
njdyjgeg
gegked
ked
kjnethed).
- Kmdtrehdihkesh
Chdierh pjngjrhed peie peshjd ijdled kmdihsh edek unur ihgewec 2-8 tecud,
 njnh`hkh
njnh`hkh nese`ec ijdled lhdae` eteu ceth, eteu ijdled eirjde`, chpmbhshs eteu
kj`jdaer thrmhi ied njdlugec pm`e ihjt sjfere thge-thge.

l. Esen bm`et 6x5 teg

Esen bm`et ihludeked sjgeleh tjreph utene udtuk ijbhshjdsh bm`et yehtu peie
edjnhe njle`mg`esthk, e`kmcm`hk, ied ledllued ne`egsmrpsh.
- Hdihkesh utene esen bm`et eie`ec udtuk tjreph edjnhe njle`mg`esthk ijdled
imshs hdhshe` ?,9 -5 nl, ied sjgeleh sup`jnjd dutrhsh.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh
Esen
Esen bm`et
bm`et ihkmdtre
ihkmdtrehdih
hdihkesh
keshked
ked peie peshjd
peshjd yedl njnh`hk
njnh`hkhh rhweyet
rhweyet e`jrlh
e`jrlh
tjrceiep mget tjrsjgut.
Gjgjrepe pjrhdleted pjdlludeed esen bm`et1
5) Ceth
Ceth-c
-cet
ethh pj
pjng
ngjr
jrhe
hed
d pe
peie
ie pe
pesh
shjd
jd ye
yedl
dl gj
gj`u
`un
n tjri
tjrihe
held
ldms
mshs
hs edjn
edjnhe
he,,
sjchdlle thngu` neskhdl jbbjft.
7) _jngjrhed
_jngjrhed peie peshjd ijdled edjnhe
edjnhe ep`esthk
ep`esthk thiek
thiek tjr`e`u
tjr`e`u gjrpjdleruc.
gjrpjdleruc.
6) Vjiheed
Vjiheed cerus
cerus ihaeuck
ihaeucked
ed ierh pedes
pedes ied shder
shder netec
netecerh
erh
9) Vj
Vjih
ihee
eed
d hdaj
hdajks
kshh njdl
njdled
ediu
iudl
dl gj
gjdz
dzy`
y` e`km
e`kmcm
cm`` ye
yedl
dl gj
gjrk
rkeh
ehte
ted
d ij
ijdl
dled
ed
ijprjsh depes peie djmdetus.

- Jbjk Venphdl ied Geceye Rhtenhd G8 (Esen Bm`et)

Rhtenh
Rhtenhd
d G8 aeredl
aeredl njdhng
njdhngu`ke
u`ked
d jbjk
jbjk senphdl
senphdl epegh`e
epegh`e ihkmdsu
ihkmdsunsh
nsh ie`en
ie`en
imshss yedl ihedaur
imsh ihedaurked.
ked. Jbjk
Jbjk senphdl
senphdl yedl iepet tjraeih
tjraeih epegh`e nj`jghc
nj`jghchh
tekered eie`ec1 nue`, ghdludl, ledllued thiur, ch`edl debsu neked, rese thiek 
jdek ih nu`ut, nuiec nerec eteu brustesh.

c. Ghfdet 7x5 teg

- Jbj
bjk
k se
sen
nph
phdl
dl ye
yedl
dl gj
gjrp
rpmt
mtjd
jdsh
sh nud
udfu
fu`` sj
sjtj
tj`e
`ec
c nj
njdl
dllu
lude
deke
ked
d de
detr
trhu
hun
n
 ghkergmdet edtere `ehd1
`ehd 1 Nue`. Ceus. _jrut kjngudl.
- Imshs 1
Bmrnu`esh detrhun ghkergmdet yedl eie ih Hdimdjshe eie`ec ie`en gjdtuk 
fehred udtuk hdajksh ied sjiheed teg`jt mre`. Vetu nJq detrhun ghkergmdet
sjtere ijdled 39 nl detrhun ghkergmdet. Vetu lren detrhun ghkergmdet sjtere
ijdled 57 nJq hmd detrhun ied 57 nJq hmd ghkergmdet. Gjdtuk sjiheed
detrhun ghkergmdet yedl iepet ihtjnuked ih Hdimdjshe eie`ec fehred udtuk 
hdajksh ijdled kmdsjdtresh 3,9% ied teg`jt mre` :?? nl. Ijwese1 9,3 l
 detrhun ghkergmdet, imshs iepet ihthdlketked pjr cerh sjsueh kjgutuced.
- Hdihkesh 1
Hdihkesh pjngjrhed detrhun ghkergmdet eie`ec eshimshs njtegm`hk yedl tjraeih
 peie kesus lele` lhdae` eteu ihegjtjs thiek tjrkmdtrm`,
tjrk mdtrm`, chpjrke`jnhe, ihspjpshe,
ihs pjpshe,
sjrte udtuk e`ke`hdhsesh urhd ie`en tjreph hdtmkshkesh ied mvjrimshs.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh 1
Kmdt
Kmdtreh
rehdih
dihke
kesh
sh pjdll
pjdllude
udeed
ed detrh
detrhun
un ghkerg
ghkergmde
mdett tjrut
tjruten
enee udtuk
udtuk peshjd
peshjd
e`ke`mshs, chpjrdetrjnhe, chpjrke`sjnhe, ied jijne peru gjret. _jrhdleted ied
 pjdlewesed kjtet pjr`u ih`ekuked peie peshjd ijdled lele` aedtudl
kmdljsthb, ledllued lhdae`, ied jijne ekhget rjtjdsh detrhun.

h. Vhnvestethd 5x7? nl
- Nedbeet
Njdurudked keier km`jstjrm` ie`en ierec, sjrte njdluredlh rhshkm sjredled
 aedtudl ied strmkj.
- Imshs ied Etured _ekeh Vhnvestethd
Imshs
Imshs pjdllude
pjdlludeed
ed shnvest
shnvesteth
ethd
d tjrledtu
tjrledtudl
dl peie keier
keier km`jstj
km`jstjrm`,
rm`, kmdihsh
kmdihsh
kjsjceted,
kjsjceted, sjrte sjgjrepe thdllh rhshkm peshjd udtuk tjrkjde sjredled aedtudl

ied strmkj.
strmkj. Imshs
Imshs shnvest
shnvesteth
ethd
d yedl ghesedye
ghesedye ihgjrhke
ihgjrhked
d m`jc imktjr udtuk 
udtuk 
km`jstjrm` thdllh eie`ec 5?-9? nl, setu ke`h sjcerh.
- Jbjk Venphdl Njdlmdsunsh Vhnvestethd
Vjnue mget gjrpmtjdsh
gjrpmtjdsh njdyjgegked
njdyjgegked jbjk senphdl, tjrnesuk shnvestethd.
shnvestethd.
Gjgjre
Gjgjrepe
pe jbjk senphdl
senphdl yedl iepet
iepet tjraeih
tjraeih seet
seet njdlmds
njdlmdsuns
unshh shnvest
shnvesteth
ethd
d
eie`ec1 gjrshd-gjrshd, ph`jk, sekht tjdllmrmked, nue`, sjngj`ht.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh shnvestethd
Chpjrsjdshthb tjrceiep shnvestethd eteu kmnpmdjd mget. Lele` budlsh ceth eteu
 pjrdec njdle`enh lele` budlsh ceth. _jdhdlketed
_jdhd lketed aun`ec sjrun tredsenhdesj
tred senhdesj
yedl egdmrne`. _jfediu e`kmcm`. \edhte cenh` ied njdyusuh.

 a. Ghsmprm`m` 5x5,7: nl.

- Nedbeet 1 Njdlmgeth chpjrtjdsh, edlhde, erhtnhe, ied lele` aedtudl
- Imshs 1
Ghsmprm`m` tjrsjihe ie`en gjdtuk teg`jt ijdled 9 gjdtuk sjiheed1 5,7: nl, 7,:
nl, : nl ied 5? nl. Ghsmprm`m` ihgjrhked sjgedyek sjke`h sjcerh ijdled
 imshs 7,: - 5? nl/ cerh udtuk njdlmdtrm` tjkeded ierec. Imshs ihsjsuehked
ijdled rjspmd tjreph ied terljt tjkeded ierec.
- Hdihkesh 1
Hdihkesh ghsmprm`m` udtuk chpjrtjdsh, lele` aedtudl, ied etrhe` bhgrh`esh ijdled
khsered imshs yedl gjrgjie-gjie udtuk neshdl-neshdl hdihkesh.
- Kmdtrehdihkesh 1
Kmdtrehdihkesh
Kmdtrehdihkesh ghsmprm`m` udtuk symk kerihmljdhk,
kerihmljdhk, lele` aedtudl thiek stegh`,
shfk shdus sydirmnj,
sydirmnj, g`mk dmius shdmetrhe` (VE), g`mk etrhmvjdtrhku`er
etrhmvjdtrhku`er ijreaet
7 eteu 6, eshimshs
eshimshs njtegm`hk
njtegm`hk,, pjdyekht
pjdyekht ertjrh pjrhbjr
pjrhbjr gjret,
gjret, pjdyekht
pjdyekht peru
mgstrukthb krmdhs (__MK), esne gjret, ied pcejmfcrmnmfytmne yedl thiek 
ihmgeth.
- Jbjk senphdl 1
Jbjk senphdl yedl iepet ihthngu``ked m`jc ghsmprm`m` gjrupe greihkerihe,
chpmtjds
chpmtjdsh,
h, pushdl,
pushdl, bethluj,
bethluj, g`mk etrhmvjd
etrhmvjdtrh
trhku`e
ku`er,
r, dyjrh
dyjrh kjpe`e,
kjpe`e, ledllued
ledllued
lestrmhd
lestrmhdtjst
tjsthde`
hde` (nue`,
(nue`, nudtec,
nudtec, iherj,
iherj, kmdsthpe
kmdsthpesh),
sh), jkstrjn
jkstrjnhte
htess gee` eteu
eteu
ihdlhd, hdbjksh se`ured depes etes, rchdhths, shdushths, iyspdje, ertcre`lhe sjrte
rjeksh edebh`ekshs.

G. Ede`
Ede`hs
hshs
hs iete
iete

Iete Jthm`mlh Nese`ec

Is1 - Kjthieksjhngedled vjdth`esh- Ledllued pjrtukered les
Im1  pjrbush (???6?) ce` 77?
WW1 5< x/njdht ijdled
rjgrjetchdl nesk 3 `pn
Eshimshs njtegm`hf
Cesh` rmdtljd ferihmnjle`h
ijdled kmdbhluresh WRC
 pdjunmdhe
 Dh`eh eli1
 pc <,6:
 pfm7 6? nncl
cfm6 56,8 nnm`/`
 pe?7 535,: nncl
spm7 83%
 cesh` `egmretmrhun
Cg 1 5?,9 l/i`

Is1- Ihsbudlsh lh
lhdae` Kjthieksjhngedled j`
j`jktrm`ht
Im1 (??58:) ce` 585
YYR 1 YI 1 5?5/:5 nnCl,
NE_ 12<, CW1 <3x/njdht,

Vucu 1 62,: F
Cesh` `egmretmrhun
Zrjun 1 786 nl/i@
Krjethdhd 1 5?,22 nl/i@
 Detrhun 1 5:5 nnm`/@

Ke`hun 1 9,<? nnm`/@

Cjnetmkrht 1 66%

Is1 _eshjd thiek neu neked,
nue`, dyjrh u`u ceth.
Im1
Yjriheldmshs Edjnhe.
Edjnhe ied pjdyekht lhdae` Wjshkm kjthieksjhngedled
(lele` lhdae`)  pjrbush lestrmshdtjsthde`
lestrmshdtjs thde`
(??7?7)

Gjrushe <3 tecud

Cesh` `eg1
Cg 1 5?,9 l/i`
Cjnetmkrht 1 66%
Yrmngmsht 1 7?9x5?6/u@
Jrhtrmsht 1 9,57x5?2/u@
_Y/_
_Y/_YY
YY 1 52
52,7
,7 ij
ijth
thk/
k/ 6:
6:,2
,2
ijthk 
_eshjd tjr`hcet pufet,
kmdaudlthve edjnhs, FWY 0 7
ijthk, sk`jre pufet

Cesh` rmdtljd ferihmnjle`h

ijdled kmdbhluresh WRC

F. Iheldm
Iheldmse
se Kjpj
Kjpjrew
rewete
eted
d
 e. Ledllued
Ledllued pjrtuker
pjrtukered
ed les gjrcugudled
gjrcugudled ijdled
ijdled kjthieksjh
kjthieksjhnge
ngedled
dled vjdth`es
vjdth`esh-
h-
 pjrbush.
 g. Kjthieksjhngedled j`jktrm`ht
j`jktr m`ht ihcugudlked
ihcugudlke d ijdled ihsbudlsh lhdae`.
l hdae`.
f. Wjshkm
Wjshkm kjthieksjh
kjthieksjhnge
ngedled
dled pjrbush
pjrbush lestrmshdt
lestrmshdtjsth
jsthde`
de` ihcugudlke
ihcugudlked
d ijdled
ijdled edjnhe
ied pjdyekht lhdae` (lele` lhdae`).

I. Hdtjrvjdsh Kjpjreweted
Yedlle Iheldmse Yuaued Hdtjrvjdsh
` Kjpjreweted
73/?8/ Ledllued Vjtj`ec ih`ekuked thdieked kjpjreweted Nedeajnjd Ae`ed Debes (659?) ce` 532
7?7?  pjrtukered les sj`ene 5x79aen ihcerepked nese`ec - _mshshked peshjd sjnh bmw`jr udtuk
 gjrcugudled ledllued pjrtukered les iepet tjretesh njnekshne`ked vjdth`esh
ijdled ijdled krhtjrhe cesh`1 - Eusku`tesh suere debes, fetet erje yedl vjdth`eshdye
kjthieksjhngedl - Vtetus pjrdebesed1 pjrtukered les njdurud eteu thiek eie, ied eiedye suere
ed vjdth`esh- (?9?7) ce`. ::8 tengeced
 pjrbush. k. _eM7
_eM7 ihpjrtece
ihpjrtecedked
dked peie
peie ske`e 7, - Nmdhtmr mkshljdhsesh peshjd1 rjgrjetchdl nesk
ihthdlketked kj ske`e 9. 3`pn

`. _eFM6
_eFM6 ihpj
ihpjrtec
rtecedke
edked
d peie
peie ske`e
ske`e 6, - Guedl sjkrjt ijdled nmthbesh peshjd udtuk
ihthdlketked kj ske`e 9. nj`ekuked getuk jbjkthb eteu ijdled njdyjimt
`jdihr 
- Kjsjhngedled j`jktrm`ht ied esen gese- Gjrhked fjbtrhexmdj 5x7lr 
(?2??) ce`. 586
e. Ledllue
Ledllued
d kjseierd
kjseierd ihpjrte
ihpjrtecedk
cedked
ed Nedeajnjd Esen Gese1 Eshimshs Njtegm`hk (5855)
 peie ske`e 6 ihthdlketked
ihthdlketk ed kj :. ce`. 5:6
i hpjrtecedked - _jrtecedked kjpetjded ae`ed debes
 g. Brjkujdsh pjrdebesed ihpjrtecedked
 peie 9 ihthdlketked kj :. - Gjrhked fehred DeF` ?,8% :??ff
- Gjrhked burmsjnhi 7x9?nl
- Gjrhked dmvmrephi :udht
- _jrshepked ihe`hshs gelh peshjd lele` lhdae`
- _jrtecedked threc gerhdl
- Nmdhtmr hdihketmr _eM7, VeM, ied Cg
- Nmdhtmr nedhbjstesh se`ured pjdfjrdeed ekhget
 njngurukdye eshimshs njtegm`hk (sjpjrth
edmrjkshe, nue` ied nudtec)
- Gjrhked ghfdet 7x5 teg`jt
73/?8/ Kjthieksjhnged Vjtj`ec ih`ekuked thdieked kjpjreweted Nedeajnjd j`jktrm`ht (7???) ce` 522
7?7? led j`jktrm`ht sj`ene 5x79aen ihcerepked nese`ec - _jrtecedked kjpetjded eksjs HR
ihcugudlked kjthieksjhngedled j`jktrm`ht iepet - Kmdsu`teshked ijdled imktjr ahke tedie-tedie ied
ijdled tjretesh ijdled krhtjrhe cesh`1 ljae`e kjthieksjhngedled fehred ied/eteu j`jktrm`ht
ihsbudlsh lhdae`. - Kjsjhngedled j`jktrm`ht (?2?2) ce`. njdjtep eteu njnguruk 
586 - Nmdhtmr ijdled kjtet tjrkeht ijdled eiedye `jvj`
e. Vjrun detrhun dmrne` (56:- sjrun pmteshsun peie peshjd kerjde peshjd
593nnm`/@) ihgjrhked durmsjnhi 7x9?nl.
 g. _jrtecedked sjrun ke`hun dmrne`
dm rne` - Nmdhtmr rjspmd peshjd tjrceiep tjreph j`jktrm`ht
(6,:-:,:) yedl ihrjsjpked

- Kjsjhngedled fehred (?2?5) ce`. 587
e. Yjkeded ierec dmrne` (55?-57?/<?-
3?nnCl)
 g. Cjnetmkrht dmrne` (6:%-9<%)
f. Vjrun j`jktrm`ht dmrne`
_jnedteued (Nmdhtmr) j`jktrm`ht (7?7?) ce` 797
- Nmdhtmr eiedye nue` nudtec
- Hijdthbhkesh thdieked yedl gjrekhget peie stetus
j`jktrm`ht (pjdlludeed mget burmsjnhi 7x9?nl ied
 ghsmprm`m` 5x5,7:nl)
5x5,7: nl)

- Nmdhtmr chpjrdetrjnhe1 ceus cjget, ijnen,

- Budlsh lhdae` (?:?9) ce`. 38 njngred nukmse kjrhdl ied `jdlkjt, tekhkerih,
e. CFM6 dmrne` (77-72 nnCl) chpmtjdsh, `jterlh, ghdludl, pjrugeced njdte` ied
 g. _jdhdlketed krjethdhd sjrun
s jrun (?,:-?,8 kjaedl.
nl/i@) - Gjrhked ihjt yedl tjpet peie peshjd ijdled
kjthieksjhngedled j`jktrm`ht (ihjt rjdiec detrhun)
- Gjrhked esen bm`et 6x5 teg`jt
73/?8/ Wjshkm Vjtj`ec ih`ekuked thdieked kjpjreweted Nedeajnjd fehred (957?)
7?7? kjthieksjhngedledsj`ene 5x79aen ihcerepked nese`ec 5. Yhngedl GG ieg nmghtmr stetus peshjd
 pjrbush rjshkm kjthieksjhngedled pjrbush 7. Aele hdtekj ied mutput
lestrmshdtjsthde` lestrmhdtjsthde` iepet tjretesh ijdled 6. Nmdhtmr stetus chiresh (njngred nukmse `jngeg,
ihcugudlked krhtjrhe cesh`1 kmdaudlthve, ied ijdyut deih eijkuet)
ijdled edjnhe ied- _jrbush aerhdled 1 mrled egimnhde`  9. Nmdhtmr cesh` `egmretmrhun yedl rj`jved ijdled
 pjdyekht lhdae` (?9?9) rjtjdsh fehred (nhse` pjdhdlketed GZD ied
(lele` lhdae`). e. YI ihestm`hk dmrne` (<?-3? nnCl)  pjduruded cjnetmkrht).
 g. YI shstm`hk dmrne` (55?-57? nnCl) :. Nmdhtmr nekeded/fehred yedl ihchtudl esuped
 f. Ghshdl usus dmrne` (:-5? x/ njdht)
- Budlsh lhdae` (?:?9)1
5. Yhiek eie nue`
7. _eshjd thiek tenpek `jnes
6. _eshjd thiek tenpek `j`ec
ke`mrh cerhed
2. Yhdlketked esuped mre`
Yjreph dutrhsh (557?)
5. Nmdhtmr hdtekj nekeded/fehreg ied chtudl
nesuked ke`mrh
7. Nmdhtmr hdstruksh ihjt yedl sjsueh ugtuk
njnjduch kjgutuced dutrhsh
6. Nmthvesu peshjd udtuk njdlkmdsunsh nekeded
ied nhduned yedl thdllh ke`hun sjsueh kjgutuced
9. Gjrhked pjreweted nu`ut sjgj`un neked sjsueh
kjgutuced
Nmdhtmr YYR (223?)
5. Nmdhtmr YI, Deih, Vucu ied stetus pjrdebesed
7. Nmdhtmr ied `epmrked tedie ied ljae`egchpmtjrnhe
ied chpjrtjrnhe
6. Nmdhtmr pm`e pjrdebesed egdmrne`
9. Nmdhtmr werde ku`ht, sucu ied kj`jngegeg
:. Nmdhtmr shedmshs sjdtre` ied pjrhbjr 
Nedeajnjd pjdlmgeted (763?)
5. Yjdtuked mget epe yedl ih pjr`uked
7. Nmdhtmr jbjkthbhtes fere pjngjrhed mget yedl
sjsueh
6. Nmdhtmr jbjk senphdl mget
9. Hdtjrvjdsh km`egmresh pjngjrhed mget 1 MNQ
7x9nl ied Mdiedfjtrmd 6x9nl.
 WJBJWJDVH1

Ijpkjs. (7?5<). HdbmIEYHD
(7?5<). HdbmIEYHD _uset Iete ied
ied Hdbmrnesh Kjnjdtjrhed Kjsjceted WH1 V
Vhtuesh
htuesh
 _jdyekht Lhdae` Krmdhs.
Krmdhs. 5‖5?.
www.ijpkjs.lm.hi/rjsmurfjs/imwd`mei/pusiethd/hdbmiethd/
KJNJDYJDWHED KJVJCEYE, W. (7?53). Vhtuesh _YN ih Hdimdjshe. _jdyekht
Hdimdjshe.  _jdyekht Yrmphk Ih
 Hdimdjshe,, Dmvjngjr , 5‖53.
 Hdimdjshe
G`ujfcjfk, L`mrhe N. Ikk. (7?52). Durshdl
(7?52). Durshdl Hdtjrvjdthmds F`esshbhfethmd (DHF), 2tc jihthmd.
jihthmd.  
Vhdlepmrj 1 J`sjvhjr 

Nmmrcjei, Vuj. Ikk. (7?52). Durshdl

(7?52). Durshdl Mtfmnjs F`esshbhfethmd (DMF), :tc jihthmd
jihthmd..
Vhdlepmrj 1
 J`sjvhjr 
Cjrined, Y. Cjetcjr & Vchljnh Kenhtsuru. (7?5<). IHELDMVHV
(7?5<).  IHELDMVHV KJ_JWE\EYED1
KJ_JWE\EYED1 Ijbhdhsh
& K`eshbhkesh 7?5:-7?5< Ji. 5?. Aekerte1 JLF