PRESENT PERFECT

Past-------------present = present perfect

1. Verbo -------past participle
2. You have to you the auxilliar HAVE – HAS
3. REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS
REGULAR VERBS
P SIMPLE SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

WORK WORKED WORKED

PLAY PLAYED PLAYED
STUDY STUDIED STUDIED

IRREGULAR VERBS
GO WENT GONE
READ READ READ
GIVE GAVE GIVEN
HAVE HAD HAD

I HAVE WORKED 2 DAYS AGO

SHE HAS WORKED SINCE 2000
 THEY HAVE WORKED FOR 3 YEARS
Affirmative Sentences

Past
AUXILLIAR Rest of the Sentence
Participle

I have Studied for the exam.

You have bought a new computer.
He has eaten my chocolate.
She has written an e-mail.
It has been cold this month.
We have won the championship.
You have tried to learn a lot.
They have forgotten My birthday.

BE am---is ---are--------- WAS- WERE------ BEEN

WEARE SMART STUDENTS

WE HAVE BEEN SMART STUDENTS

I AM IN CUSCO
SHE HAS BEEN IN CUSCO

SHE HAS BEEN IN LOVE

I HAVE LOVED MARY

SHE HAS GONE TO PLAZA VEA SHOPPING CENTER

SHE WENT TO PLAZA VEA SHOPPING CENTER

Yaqueline has worked at the sunat. +

Yaqueline hasn`t worked at the sunat. Has not

Has Yaqueline worked at the school?

Yes, she has

No, she hasn`t

Have you worked?

Yes, I have

Where have you worked?

I have worked at the rehabilitation center and at
school

She has been in love

She hasn`t been in love
Has she been in love?
Yes, she has
No , she hasn`t

They have worked at the Sunat.

They haven`t worked at the Sunat

Have they worked at the Sunat?

Yes, they have

No , they haven`t

Buy-----bought------bought
She has bought a computer at the El Carmen shopping center

She hasn`t bought a computer at the El Carmen shopping center

Has She bought a computer at the El Carmen shopping center?

Yes, she has
No, she hasn`t

Where has she bought a computer?

She has bought at the el carmen shopping center

I have loved you when we were at the school

While I was working, somebody call me

Contractions
The contracted form of the perfect tense is quite common:

Have Contraction Examples

I have I've I've spent all my money.

You have You've You've worn that dress before.
He has He's He's slept all morning.
She has She's She's lost her purse.
It has It's It's fallen off the wall.
We have We've We've chosen you for the job.
 You have You've You've begun to annoy me.
They have They've They've drunk too much.
We use contractions a lot when we are speaking.

Negative Sentences
The contraction of the perfect tense in negative form is:

Have not = Haven't

Has not = Hasn't
Subjec Past
Have Rest of the Sentence
t Participle

I Haven`t studied for the exam.

You haven't bought a new computer.
He hasn't eaten my chocolate.
She hasn't written an e-mail.
It hasn't been cold this month.
We haven't won the championship.
You haven't tried to learn a lot.
They haven't forgotten my birthday.

Questions
Subjec Past
Have Rest of the Sentence
t Participle

Have I been chosen for the team?

Have you bought a new car?
Has he eaten my sandwich?
Has she written the letter?
Has it started on time?
Have we won a trophy?
 Have you kept my secret?
Have they driven there?

Subjet auxilliar verb past participle complement T. Exp.

I have played at the park for 2 hours..

I haven`t played at the park for 2 hours..

Have you played at the park for 2 hours..?

Yes , I have
No, I haven`t

Mary has seen many landscapes in Peru. See-------saw----------seen

She hasn`t seen many landscapes in Peru.

Has she seen many landscapes in Peru.

YES, she has
NO , she hasn`t
When do we use the Present Perfect Tense?
1. Unspecified point in the past

 I have been to Spain three times./ once/ twice

(At some unspecified time in the past, I went to Spain).

Compare with the simple past:

 I went to Spain three times in 2005.

(specified time in the past - the year 2005)

2. An action that occurred in the past, but has a result in the present (now)

 We can't find our luggage. Have you seen it?

(The luggage was lost in the past, do you know where it is now?)

3. Talking about general experiences (ever, never)

It usually refers to an event happening at some moment in your life.

 Has she ever tried Chilean wine before? (in her life)

 I've never eaten monkey brains before. (in my life)

4. Events that recently occurred (just)

 Do you want to go to a restaurant with me?

No, thanks. I've just eaten lunch. (I recently ate lunch.) have lunch

5. Events that have not occurred up to now (yet)

 Are Carlos and Rodrigo here? No, they haven't arrived yet. (they're still not here now)

6. Events that occurred before you expected (already)

 I've already graduated from University. (I expected to graduate at a later date.)

7. Events that began in the past and haven't changed (for, since)

 Mike has worked at Woodward for 3 years.

(Mike started working at Woodward 3 years ago and he still works there now.)
 Tour students have stidied since april2019

 Julie has worked at Woodward since September last year.

(Julie began working at Woodward in September of last year, and that hasn't changed -
she still works here now.)
Irregular Verbs List
This is a list of some irregular verbs in English. Of course, there are many
others, but these are the more common irregular verbs. You can test
yourself with these fun irregular verbs quizzes.

WORK WORKED WORKED

I worked at the Toyota company 2 months ago

I have worked at the Toyota company since 2020

I have worked at the Toyota company for 2 years

I have studied at the unsaac since1986

I have studied at the unsaac for 5 years

I have gone to lima last month

I haven`t gone to lima last month

Have you gone to lima last month?

Yes, I have

No, I haven`t

REGULAR VERBS
Work---worked--- worked
Play—played---played

IRREGULAR VERBS

Go------went------ gone
Read-----read-----read
Give----gave -----given
Teach---tought-----tought
V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

awake awoke awoken

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

Be am is are was, were Been

I am in love I was in love I have been in love

beat beat beaten

become became become

begin began begun

bend bent bent

bet bet bet

bid bid bid

bite bit bitten

blow blew blown

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

break broke broken

bring brought brought

broadcast broadcast broadcast

build built built

burn burned or burnt burned or burnt

buy bought bought

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

come came come

cost cost cost

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

cut cut cut

dig dug dug

Do Did Done
I do my task I did my task I have

done my task

draw drew drawn

dream dreamed or dreamt dreamed or dreamt

drive drove driven

drink drank drunk

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

fly flew flown

forget forgot forgotten

forgive forgave forgiven

freeze froze frozen

get got got (sometimes gotten)

give gave given

go went gone
V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

grow grew grown

hang hung hung

Have Hi had Had

I have a computer I had a computer I have had a computer

hear heard heard

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

know knew known

lay laid Laid

lead led led

learn learned or learnt learned or learnt

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

Lie Lay Lain

I lie I lay I have lain

lose lost lost

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

Make Made Made

I make my bed I made my bed I have made my bed

mean meant meant

meet met met

pay paid paid

put put put

read read read

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

run ran run

say said said

see saw seen

sell sold sold

send sent sent

show showed showed or shown

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sink sank sunk

sit sat sat

V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

sleep slept slept

speak spoke spoken

spend spent spent

stand stood stood

stink stank stunk

swim swam swum

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

 V1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

think thought thought

throw threw thrown

understand understood understood

wake woke woken

wear wore worn

win won won

write wrote Written

PRESENT PERFECT: STILL AND YET
 I still haven't bought a present for Ed. I keep forgetting!
 She still hasn't packed her case. She's going on holiday
tonight!
 Emma still hasn't arrived. She's really late!
 I haven't finished my English essay yet. I'll do it at the
weekend.
 Has Ed left yet?

Still goes between the subject and haven't/hasn't.
Subject + still + haven't/hasn't + past participle

Negative (-)
Present perfect with still
Subjec stil auxiliary
t l verb past participle
She stil hasn't arrived.
I l haven't bought a present.

Yet goes at the end of the sentence or question.

Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle + yet.
Have/has + subject + past participle + yet?

Negative (-)
Present perfect with yet
past
Subject auxiliary verb participle yet
She hasn't arrived
yet.
We haven't had breakfast
Questions (?)
Present perfect with yet
Auxiliary verb subject past participle yet
Has she left
their yet?
Have they packed
bags
Regular verbs have past participles which are the same as their past simple forms,
ending -ed.
 visit → visited arrive → arrived
Irregular verbs have irregular past participles. Sometimes the past participle of
an irregular verb is the same as the past simple form and sometimes it is different.
 have, had → had lose, lost → lost
 do, did → done eat, ate → eaten
We use the present perfect with still in negative sentences to talk about actions that we
expected to happen before now. Still looks back at the past.
 Emma still hasn't arrived. She said that she'd be here at six o'clock. (I expected Emma
to arrive before now.)
 I still haven't bought a present for Ed. I keep forgetting!
We use the present perfect with yet in negative sentences and questions to talk about
actions that we expect will happen. Yet looks towards the future.
 Emma hasn't arrived yet. I'll tell you when she arrives. (I expect Emma to arrive in the
future.)
 I haven't finished my English essay yet. I'll do it at the weekend.
 Has she left yet?
 Have you packed your bag  yet?

USE ALREADY IN PRESENT PERFECT

El significado en español de already es “ya” y expresa que una acción ocurrió mucho
antes de lo esperado. Generalmente se utiliza en oraciones positivas. Con el
Presente Perfect already usualmente va después del verbo auxiliar have o has y antes
del participio del verbo.

Positive sentences:

I have already arrived to cusco 2 hours ago

Negative sentences: En una oración negativa yet (todavía) significa que algo que

esperamos no ha ocurrido aún
Questions: En una interrogación yet (ya) sirve para preguntar si algo que esperamos ya
ocurrió o todavía no sucede.

Present Perfect + yet & already

Mira los gráficos, lee el dialogo y observa el uso de yet y already. Recuerda que la
hora de este momento según el diálogo es 2.00 pm.
arrive (llegar) → arrived (llegado)
A: Has the flight from San Francisco arrived yet?
– ¿Ya ha llegado el vuelo de San Francisco?
B: Yes, it has already arrived.
– Sí,  ya ha llegado.
leave (salir, partir) → left (salido, partido)
A: Has the flight to Taipei left yet?
– ¿Ya ha salido el vuelo hacia Taipei?
B: No, it hasn’t left yet.

PRESENT PERFECT: FOR, SINCE

Empleando el "present perfect" podemos definir un periodo de tiempo anterior al momento
presente, considerando bien su duración, caso en el que utilizamos "for" +  periodo
temporal,, o bien su inicio o punto de partida, caso en el que utilizamos "since"
+  momento concreto. "For" y "since" pueden asimismo emplearse con el "past perfect".
"Since" admite únicamente tiempos verbales perfectos. "For" puede también emplearse con
el "simple past".

"For" + periodo de tiempo

for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for two hours
I have worked here for five years.

"Since" + momento concreto

since this morning, since last week, since yesterday
since I was a child, since Wednesday, since 2 o'clock
I have worked here since 1990.
 "Present perfect" con "for"
She has lived here for twenty years.
We have taught at this school for a long time.
Alice has been married forthree months.
They have been at the hotel for a week.

"Present perfect" con "since"

She has lived here since 1980.
We have taught at this school since 1965.
Alice has been married since March 2nd.
They have been at the hotel since last Tuesday.

Present perfect simple: wh-questions

 ‘How much has he won?’ ‘£5,000!’
 I can't find my keys.  Where have they gone?
 ‘Why haven't you finished this work?’ ‘I've been busy.’
 What have you made for dinner?
We form present perfect simple wh- questions with:
Question word + have/has + subject + past participle?

Wh- questions (?)
have/
Question word has subject past participle
I
have
you
done?
What has he/she/it been?
Where gone?
we
Made?
have you
they
 We use present perfect wh- questions to ask about recent events or actions.

Where have you worked this morning?

I HAVE WORKED AT THE SCHOOL.

Where HAS ADNER worked this morning?

HE HAS WORKED AT THE SCHOOL

WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN AT 10 O`CLOK?

I HAVE BEEN IN MY HOUSE

WHO HAVE YOU BEEN YESTERDAY WITH?

I HAVE BEEN WITH MY SISTER

WHY HAVEN`T CALLED ME YESTERADAY?

BECAUSE I DIDN`T HAVE TIME

WHEN HAVE YOU ENTERED TO THE ISTTA?

I HAVE ENTERED 2020

HOW MANY TIMES HAVE YOU TRAVELED TO LIMA?

I HAVE TRALED ONCE, TWICE, THREE TIMES

 ‘Where have you been?’ ‘At school.’

 ‘Why hasn't Laura arrived? ’ ‘Her car has broken

 How often have you tried to download the file? I have tried to download the
file three times.
 How long have they lived in Ottawa? They have lived in Ottawa since 2009.
 Where has he been? He has been at home.

Have you ever been to Russia?

have you ever lyied to your

mother?

ALGUNA VEZ
have you ever been to Machupicchu
ALGUNA VEZ HAS ESTADO EN ……

Have you ever broken your bones?

have you ever traveled to Russia?

have you ever seen a ghost?

NEVER

HAVE YOU EVER EATTEN MONKEY

MEAT?
HAVE YOU EVER FALLED IN LOVE?

HAVE YOU EVER BEEN IN ARGENTINA?

HAAVE YOU EVER DREAMED WITH
GHOTS?

I AM A WORKER

I AM NOT WORKER

ARE YOU WORKER?

YES , I AM

NO, I AM NOT

I WAS A WORKER

I WORK AT THE BANK

I WORKED AT THE BANK

I AM WORKING AT THE BANK

I WAS WORKING AT THE BANK

I WILL WORK AT THE BANK

I HAVE WORKED AT THE BANK