WESTERN CA NA DA S ERIES

HIGH S CHO O L

G E R MA N G RA MMA R
A ND

EXERCIS ES

BY

W . H V A N D E R SM I SS E N
.

A ND

W . H F R AS ER
.

Autho ri z e d for us e i n th e S c ho o l s of Sa sk a tch ew an

TO RO N TO
THE CO P P C LA RK CO MPA N Y . LIMITED
Co py ri g h t , C a na d a , 1 90 9 , b y Tm: Cor r C L A R K CO MPA NY L I MITE D,
i
To ro n to O n ta r o
 P R E FA C E

T H I S b o o k is i n t en d ed to se rv e a s a gu i d e to the use o f the

sp o k e n a n d w r i tt e n G e r m a n o f the p r e s en t d a y a n d m a k e s ,

no cl a i m to b e a c o m pe nd i u m o f a ll fo r m s a n d us a ges i n

ei t he r s pe e c h o r l i t e r a t u r e.

Th e g r a mm a t i c a l m a t e r i a l h a s b e en a rr a ng e d w i t h a v i ew
to i ts c o n v e n i e n t us e i n the e x e rc i s es a n d w i t h the o b j e ct o f
,

fa c i l i t a t i ng the r a p i d a c q u i s i t i o n o f a r e a d i n g k n o w l e d g e o f
the l a ngu ag e . T h e e l e m en t a r y s t a t e m e n t s o f g r a m m a t i c a l
t heo ry i n th e ea rl i e r pa rt o f the b o o k h a v e b een s uppl e m en t ed
a n d s u mma r i z e d i n th e m o r e a d v a n c e d l esso n s t h us e n a b l i ng
,

the l ea r n e r to r e v i ew a n d a m p l i fy the k n o w l e d ge p r e v i o u s ly

a c q u i red in d e t a i l . T h u s fo r i n s t a n c e i n the tr e a t m e n t o f
, ,

th e v e r b e a c h m o o d a n d t e n s e o f b o t h w e a k a n d s tr o ng v e r b s
,

i s t a k e n up s u cc ess i v e ly a n d a ft e r w a r d s the w ho l e t heo ry o f

,

co nj uga t i o n is s t a t ed i n m et h o d i c a l fo r m .

T he e x e rc i ses ha v e b ee n m ad e c o n t i n uo u s w he r e v e r i t w a s
,

fo un d p r a ct ic a b l e to d o s o a n d a re c o n s tr u ct e d o n th e s a m e
,

g e n e r a l p l a n a s t h o s e in the e l e m e n t a ry pa rt o f Fr a s e r a n d

S q u a ir s F r anc/z G r a mma r I t i s ho pe d t ha t t h i s fo r m o f
’
.

e x e rc i s e w i ll n o t o n ly r en d e r the l ea r n e r s t as k l ess d r e a ry
’

t han exe rc i ses m a d e up o f d e t a c hed sen t en c es b ut w i l l a l so ,

e n c o u r a ge h i m to a cq u i r e ph r ases r a t h e r t h a n w o r d s w h i c h ,

s o o ft en c h a n ge t he i r s i gn i fi c a t i o n w i t h th e c o n t e x t .

I n the use o f the e xe rc i ses t e a c he r s w i l l na t u r a lly b e g ui d ed

b y t he i r o w n j u d g m e n t a n d the c h a r a ct e r o f t he i r cl a s s es b ut , ,

i n the o pi n i o n o f the a u t ho r s i t w i ll b e fo un d a d v a n t ageo us

,

fi r s t o f a l l to pr a ct i se v e ry t ho r o ugh ly the G e r m a n a n d o r a l
po rt i o ns a n d a ft e r w a r d s pa s s o n to the t r a n s l a t i o n o f the
,

En g l i s h a n d to e l e m e n t a ry c o m po s i t i o n . T he o r a l e xe rc i ses
iii
iv PR E FA CE

a re n o t i n t en d ed to b e exha us t i v e b ut r a t he r s ugges t i v e fo r
,

fu rt he r d r i ll a l o n g th e s a m e l i n e a s th e a u t ho r s a tt a c h the
,

v e ry g r ea t es t i mpo rt a n c e to t hi s m e t ho d o f t e a c h i ng .

T he r ea d i n g e x tr a ct s a r e n o t i n t e n d e d to r e p l a c e a R e a d e r ,

b ut to a dd v a r i e ty w i t h pe r h a ps a s pi c e o f e n t e rt a i n m e n t to
, ,

the a c q ui s i t i o n a n d pr a ct i c e o f g r a m ma r T he e xtr a ct s i n .

v e r s e a re d es i gn ed p r i ma r i ly fo r m emo r i z i ng ; the pr o se e x
tr a ct s may b e us ed a s exe rc i s es i n tr a ns l a t i o n a nd m ay s e r v e ,

a l s o fo r
p r a ct i c e i n c o n ve r s a t i o n a n d c o m po s i t i o n .

Th e A p pe n d i x c o n t a i n s r efe r e n c e l i s t s a n d p a r a d i g m s ,

w hi c h i t i s h o pe d w i ll p r o v e use fu l p a rt i c u l a rly B 4 a n d 5 , , ,

w h i c h a re i n t en d ed a s a g u i d e to the c o rr e ct u se o f p r epo s i
t i ons .

T he p r i n c i pa l a ut ho r i t i e s c o n s u lt e d i n the p r e pa r a t i o n o f
th e w o rk w e r e : o n o rt ho g r a ph y the d e c i s i o n s o f the O rt ho
,

r a ph i c C n fe r e n c e o f Be rl i n a nd D d
’
g o 1
9 0 1,
u e ,
n s O r t/z o

1
r a h ite/ 23 ;
g p W o n g r a m m a t i c a l po i n t s Bl a tz ,
’

G r a mma r a n d M u r e t— S a n d e r s l a r ge r d i ct i o n a ry ; o n p ro n un
’

c i a tio n the v a r i o us m a n ua l s o f P r o fe sso r V i et o r o f M a r b u r g

, ,

w h o se G er m a n P r on u m z a tz on (3 d ed R e is l a nd : L e i pz i g
' '

.
, ,

ei l
g 3) a n d D eu tsc/z es L es ebuc/z i n L a u ts c/z r z f
f ( d I I T
’

i o I un . .
,

T e ub n e r : L e i p z i g ; o r D a v i d N u tt : L o n d o n) a re es p e c i a lly
c o mm en d e d to th e a tt en t i o n o f t ea ch e r s .

I n c o n cl u s i o n the a u t ho r s d es i r e to a ck no w l e d ge t he i r
,

i n d eb t ed n es s to M r W C F e r guso n R i v er d a l e C o ll egi a t e
. . .
,

I n s t i t ut e T o r o n t o fo r v a l u a b l e a d v i c e r ega r d i ng th e p l a n
, ,

o f th e w o rk a n d o n m a n y
p o i n t s o f d e t a i l ; to M i s s J u l i a S .

H i llo ck Pa rk d a l e C o ll egi a t e I ns t i t ut e T o r o n t o fo r t est i ng a

, , ,

c o n s i d e r a b l e pr o po rt i o n o f the l es so n s a n d ex e rc i ses i n th e
cl a s s r o o m ; a n d to M r H e i n r i c h v o n N ette l b l a d t o f th e
.
,

t e a ch i ng s t aff o f th e H i gh S cho o l s Buffa l o fo r v a l ua b l e s e r

, ,

v i c es in r e v i s i n g th e m a n usc r i p t a n d t h u s a ff o r d i n g th e a u

t ho r s th e b enefi t o f the j ud g men t o f a n a t i v e G e r man s cho l a r

an d t e a c h e r .

AU GU ST , 1 90 9 .
 CO N T E NT S
PA G E

IN T RO DU CT IO N
Alph b t a e

Sy ll b i ti na ca o

St r e ss

Q u ntit y a

Pr n i ti
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U f C p it l ;
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L ES S O N

I . Ge nd e r i tiv f P r
a nd A gr l Pr n un
e em e n t —N
. o m na e o e so n a o o s

II N m i n tiv
. of t i n fai n pa iv weld wt
e o , ,
o ssess es,

I II Pr . t I n d i tiv e f kin Pr
ese n s f A d dr
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bag — Pl f Pr d i t A dj tiv ace o e ca e ec e .

IV Pr. t I n d i tiv f haben A u tiv F rm

ese n ca R p ti
e o . cc sa e o s . e e

ti — C m p r tiv D g on . o a a e e re e

V Pr nt I n d i tiv
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VI R vi w
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V II D fi it Arti l e — U
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ft r V rb —A
. .

V II I Pr. t I d i tiv f tun — I fi iti

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sa e an a e ro n o un s

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. P i A dj tivo e . o ssess v e ec es

X I m perf t I d i tiv
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T i m Ph d f V rb
e ra se a n o e

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X IV . Pe rf t n d Pl up r f t ec W rd Ord r i n P i n i p l S nt n
a e ec . o e r c a e e c es .

C rd i n l N m r l a M ulti pli tiv A dv rb

a u e a s . ca e e s

XV Str ng D l i n ( nti n ue d ) Dor f mater 93 0 i “

. o ec e ns o co
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XVI .F t r d F ut ure P r f t
u u e an W rd O rd er Pre fi es e ec . o . x
 C O N T ENT S

Wea k a nd Mi xe d l en i D ec s o n s. Ru l es o f Ge n d e r
D ecl ni ne s o o f A dj ec tiv es
D l n si n f N o uns S u mm ry
ec e o O : a

6m C m p un d T ns ; U se s A u ili ary
: o o wi ll e es a x

moll tc —
.
,

I n fi iti f P urpo s n ve o e

XXI . D e l en si o n o f A dj ec tiv s ( o n l ud d ) S pe i al C s ;
c e c c e . c ase

A dj e tiv s a N un s
c e s o

XX I I . Wo rd Or d r O bj e t etc D pe n d t S e t n
e : c s, . e en n e ces .

me1111 , al § , wuuu
l tiv s her a nd tvcl dj er R l ativ Cl u
T he R e a e . e e a ses

Passive S i mpl e T n . Pr p iti n w it h A u ativ e s es . e os o s cc s e

T i me f D y o G iti f Ti m
a . en ve o e

T he S ubj un tiv I d ir t St t m n t
c nd Q u sti n
e . n ec a e e s a e o s

Pr epos iti ns w ith D ti o a ve

T h C n d iti n a l — C n d iti n l S nt n es
e o o . o o a e e c

U f Arti l s
se o c e

Q u n tit ya D i stri b u tiv

. Arti l — ei u bri be e c e. ,

T h e I m pera tiv e I n fin itive a n d P rti i pl s —foll , ,

a c e .

Pr po siti o n s w it h D tiv e
e A c c us tiv a or a e .

V erb Stem s Pri nc i p l Part s . Sp i l F r m i n a . ec a o s

Weak V rb s I rr g u l r W ak V erb
e . e a e s

XXX I V Pers na l Pr n uns

. o A d dr e o I m per s
o l V rb s . ss . o na e .

Us f t é es o

T he Str ng C nj uga ti o n o Cl asses f Str o ng V erb

o . o s

R efl e ive Pr n o un a n d V erb s
x oR i pr l a nd E m s . ec o ca

ph ti c Pro n o un
a s

XXXV I I M i d C j ugati n M d l A u ili a ri s

. xe on s ha l l a d
o . o a x e .
‘ ’
n

w il l
Po s ive Pr n o un s P s ive D ative
s ess o . o se ss

Co m p i n f A dj ec tiv
a r so n d A d v rb s
o es a e

M d al A u ili ari es ( c o l ud d ) W rd Ord r I d i

o x nc e o e o

m a ti c U ses
Pl a c e N m es — N u n s a nd A d j tiv es o f N ti n lity
a . o ec a o a

O r d i n l N um a l — D te H u N umb r e t
e ra s . a s. o se e , c.

P rs n N m
e o O rd i a l s w ith P rso n N a m
a es . n e es

D m n tr tiv
e o s a es

I nt err g tiv o a es

Fr cti n a M i d N umb rs
o s . xe e

R el tiv e P r n o un
a o s

I nd e fin it Pr u s e o no n

T h Pass iv e V i c e
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Inde fin it e Pr o no m n a i l A dj ti ec ve s

I d i m ti U s
o a c se O f C rta i n A dv rb
e e s

V rb Prefix s
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Co Ord i n a tiv e A d verb i l Co nj un ti n

a nd a c o s

S b o rd i n tiv
u n d Co rr e l tiv
a e aCo j un c ti on s a e n

A g eem ent a n d A pp siti o n

r o

U o f N o m i a tiv
se a d A u
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Us f Gen iti e n d D tive

e o v a a

U o f I n d i c tive T e n ses
se Usa f S b j un tive . e o u c

pera tiv e
T he I n fin itiv
e

T he I n fin itiv e ( c o nc u l ded )
The P rti i pl s
a c e

A PPEN DI X
A . N o un D ec len i o n s : R efe ren ce L i st s , 1 -9

B . Pre p iti nsos o

1 Pr epo iti o ns w ith Ge n itiv e

. s

2 . D tive ( d d iti n al li st ) a a o

3 . V ry i ng C se a a

4 E qu i a l e nt s o f E ngli h Pr p siti o n
. v s e o s

5 Pr ep iti n s ft r V erb s etc

. os o a e , .

C . V rb P d i gms
e a ra

I A u ili ri f T e nse
. x a es o

e
g M d (6
oo

u W k C nj ug ti n
ea o a o

h- St ng ro

n C nj ug ti n w it h ici u
o a o
u P s ive V i c e
g as o

D . A l ph b eti a l L i st o f St o g a n d I rregu l a r V erb s

a c r n

V OCA BU L A RY r
Ge m a n -Eng li sh

En g li sh-Germa n

IN D EX
 I NT RO D U C T IO N

The Ger ma n A l pha b et .

R EM A R K S ON T H E A L PHA BET .

r . T he a pp o x r i m a t e pro n unci a ti o n o f the G er m a n na m es

O f the l e tt e r s i s
giv e n a b o v e in E ngli sh c ha r a ct er s ; t hese na m es
sho ul d b e l ea r n e d a n d use d in s elli n
, p g wo r d s .

2 T hr ee O f the v o w e l s m a y b e m o d i fi ed b y the S i gn (c a ll e d
.
it

21 i 9 5 ll ii ; a s c a pi t a l s i n the O l d e r spelli ng
5
, , , ,

t hese a re : ‘lte D e li e
, , .

3 .D i ph t h o n g s a r e 9h a i 2111 au Gt ei 611 en 9111 an a nd

9
, , , , ,

the r a r e r fo r m s at ii i
) , .
x I NTRO D U CT I ON

4 . T he fo ll o wi n g
c ha nge t hei r fo r m sl i ghtly w hen pr i nt ed as
o ne c ha r a ct e r : ci = ci ; ff j 3= fi ; l 3= ié , .

5 T he c ha r a ct e r f} a l wa y s r epl a c es if whe n fi na l gag, g ag,

.

{Hui} ; w i t hi n a wo r d i t st an d s a ft e r l o ng v o wel s a ft er d iph

, ,

t ho ngs an d b e fo r e a no t he r c o nso nant (el sewher e if) : Gil li e

,
(

lj eiizen Ij fil i cl) mut

, ate; bu t gl iijfe milffett 2c ; he nc e al l
, , ,
.

v o wel s are to b e pr o no un c ed sho rt b efo r e ff .

6 T he fo r m é o cc ur s o nly as fi na l in w o r d s o r s t e m s e l se
.

w her e f
g a n g h as h d ué l i dj Q fi
,u fer l efe n bait
, , , .

7 Si n c e the s o u nd s o f Ge r m an d e pend to a c o nsi d e ra b l e

.

ex t e n t upo n syll a b i c a t i o n s tr e ss a n d q ua n t i ty t hese subj ect s

, , ,

w i ll b e tr e a t e d i n the fo ll o w i ng pa r agr a phs b e fo r e r ul es a re ,

gi v e n fo r the pr o nunc i a t i o n o f the a l phab et .

S y l l abi ca ti on .

1 . I n G e r m a n the yll a b l e e nd s i n a v o we l w her ev er po ssi

s

b l e, whi c h i s fr e q u e ntly no t the c a se i n E n gli sh : mi fi tdr s s

’

m il -i -ta -ry the n egl ect o f t hi s pr i nc i pl e i s a se r i o u s d e fect i n

pr onu nc i a t i o n .

2 H e nc e si ngl e c o nso na nt s w i t hi n a w o r d a nd al so suc h

.
,

c onso na nt gr oups as c a n b e pr o no un c ed und i v i d ed b el o ng to ,

the fo ll o w i ng syll a b l e b o t h i n spea k i ng a n d w ri ti ng : hu tl e

,
s
,

f o t her c o nso na nt gr o u ps a re d i v i d ed
g fj
e d en t z

vers ben,
a I i n te
z
.

3 . I n w r i ti ng, ho w ev e r , d o ub l e d
c o n so n a nt s a re d iv i d ed a t

the e nd o f a l i ne : mii i fen ; so al so bt pf 11g, cf the l a tt e r s

, , ,

b ec o mi ng H g tfib te 611111 41 119 j i n= gen (amera ( fo r

z c
, , ,

ts tii cft ) ; c o m po und s a re d i v i d ed a c c o r d i ng to t hei r part s

tbuf=eiiem bin ab © 0 nneré = tag
z
, .

O pe n syll a b l es a re t ho se e nd i n g in a v o w el o r l) : bu
‘ ’

4 .
,

l o ben braw cbe Dr ftely en

s
, ,
a .

C l o se d syll a b l e s a re t ho se end i ng in a c o nso n a n t o r

‘ ’

5 .
,

c o mi ng b efo r e a d o ubl ed c o nsonan t : tvar ten z in te fal t s

,
r
, ,

baé hat= , ten .

NO T E — T hi s d i sti nc ti o n i i mpo rt n t f
. th e r ul es o f qu ntity
s a or a .
 I NT ROD U CT I ON xi

S tres s .

T he r el a t i v e fo rc e wi t h whi c h a syll a bl e in a gr o up i s u tt e r e d
is c a ll e d s tr ess ( l ess p ro p erly a cc en t ) meu nbj cbaft ’ ’
,

main QSa ter i ft {than a l t Sev e ra l d egr ees o f

' '
.

fo rc e m ay b e d i s t i ngui she d in l o nge r w o r d s an d i n phr ases b ut ,

fo r pr a ctic a l pur po ses i t i s suffi ci en t to c o n si d e r o nly the syll a

b l e o f s tr o ng est o r c hi e f str e ss I n wo r d s o f two o r m o r e .

syll a b l es the c hi e f s tr e ss is a s fo ll o ws
'
1 . I n si m pl e G er ma n w o r d s o n the st e m : greu nbfcbaft , ,
' ' '
$reu nbl icfj feit Ie j en gel e ien rei nl ict)
’
, , ,
.

2 . I n c o m po u nd s u sua lly o n the pa rt mo s t d i st i n ct i v e for

,

the m e ani ng : Qtu genbl i cf me rfmii rbig u nangenebm

' ' '
, , .

3 But i n c o m po und ed pa rti cl e s usua lly o n the se c o n d c o m

.
,
'
po n ent : babe r berbei obgl ei dj
’ '
, , .

4 I n l o an wo r d s usually o n the syll ab l e str essed i n the

.
-
,

l a nguage fr o m w hi c h the w o r d has b e en t a k en : g tube nt '

,

Bj j fi Bj j pj l ega nt mati o n g ol ba t
‘ tt 't ‘ til o o t e ' ’ ' '
e
, , , , .

5 A
. l w a y s o n th e s u ffi xe s ci — i et en — ur ( o f fo r e i gn o r i gi n) -
, ,
' ' ’
e gent i jtubie ren (Sil aj u r , , .

6 N e v e r o n the pr e fi x es be e1np ent ar ge ti er 3cr

.

7 N 0 spec i a l r ul es a re r e q ui r ed fo r G er m an se n t e n c e str ess

.
-

( em phasi s) a s i t c o rr espo nd s cl o se ly to t ha t o f E ngl i sh

, .

Quanti ty .

I . V o we s dn G e m a n m a b e d i s i n ui she d
y r g t l o ng hal f
as
‘
,
’ ‘

l o ng a nd ,
’ ‘
sho rt ’
: i oben ( l o ng) , mi li tdl ‘

( hal f l o n
g) fal t ,

sho rt
( ) .

2 . v o w el s b ec o m e hal f l o ng o r e v en sho rt w he n un
Lo ng , ,

s tr esse d u sua lly w i t ho u t c ha nge i h the q ual i ty o f the so u n d

,

bic fet ( l ong) biej et im

'
a nn (hal f l o n g)
‘ ' '
.
,

N O T E —I n pra ti c it i
. uffi i e nt to d i sti ng ui h l ng a n d h rt ( th e
c e s s c s o s o

l att r i nc l ud i ng hal f l ng and short )

e o .

3 V o wel s are r egul a rly l o ng

.

(a ) I n o pen str essed syll a bl es ; a nd a l o ng st em v o w el

u sua lly r et ai ns i ts l en t h i n i n fl ect i o n ba l oben ; Iobte
g ,
.
 I N TRO D U CT I O N

( )
5 W hen d o ub l ed o r fo ll o w ed b y si le nt I) o r c ( the 1
,

o nly a ft e r i ) g taat e r er g ohn Stub bicier , , , , .

( )
a A s d i p h t h o ngs :
g l a ub e n bci f
ge n f'
r u te , , .

n fi na l s tr ess ed syll a b l e e n d i ng i n a s i ngl e c o nso

( )
d I

( i n cl ud i n g m o no syll a b l e s c a pa b l e o f i n fl e ct i o n o r e nd i ng

O ebot genug bcm Stat bot gut mar nut ; so a l so v

, , , , , , ,

b e fo r e i; pe r s i st i ng i n i n fl ec t i o n : inf; ( j a fcn) Sui; ( T sii éc) g , .

4 V o w el s a re r egul a rly sho rt

.

'
t r d s yll a b l e s : ha bt n gclj a bt u ttat tig
( ) I
‘

a n u n s e sse , , .

cl s ed s yll a b l es ( i n cl ud i ng m o no s yll a b l e s e nd i ng
( )
17 I n o

m o r e t ha n o n e c o nso na n t ) : c untmt r fi i i ntt r a l t ft ft ; “ ’

,
‘
, ,

a l so b e fo r e — ii no t pe r si st i ng in i nfl e ct i o n ftl uft ( K l il iic) .

( c) I n u ni n fl ec ted m o no syll a b l e s e nd i ng in a si ngl e c

so n a n t ( no t — r ) : mi t ob i n i nt non twi n , ,
l wf fli t her ( Io n
, , , ,

o r e d) l ng so me s ho rt : e prad e
5 . B e f s o m e ,
a r e o
j ( on
l ,

( adj en (sho rt ) .

Gener a l R ema r k s on P r onunci at i on .

E v e ry l a ngua ge c e rt a i n c ha ra ct e r i s t i c s pe c ul i a r to t
ha s
utt e r a nc e o f i ts so un d s w hi c h t a k e n t o ge t he r m a y b e c a ll e d

b as i s o f a rt i c ul a t i o n T he pri nc i pa l d i st i n ct i o ns be tw ee
.

G e r m a n a n d E ngl i sh i n t hi s r e s pe ct a re the fo ll o w i ng :
, ,

1 . ct i o n o f the o rga ns o f s pee c h i n ge ne r al is mo r

T he a . ,

e n erg e t i c a nd pr e c i s e in G e r m a n t ha n in E ngli s h T he .

n un c ia ti o n o f Engli s h s trik es the G e r m a n e a r a s sl o v e nly Th .

e ne r g y a nd
p r e c i s i o n r e fe rr e d to a re e s pe ci a lly o b v i o us i n

v o w el s r eq u i ri ng hp r o u nd i ng ( as o b s e rv ed fo r e xa m pl e i n , ,

w ho M o r eo v e r g r e a t c a re s ho ul d be ta k e n
‘ ’ ’

,
no sa w, e tc , .
.

n o t to o b s c u r e G e r m a n v o w el s i n u ns tr e s s e d s yll a b l e s w hi c h is ,

t he r u l e i n E n gl i s h .

2 . t o ngue b o t h f r v o w el s a n d c o nso na nts is ge ne ra ll y

T he ,
o ,

e i t he r fu rt he r a d v a n c e d o r r e t r a ct ed t ha n i n the a rt i c u l a t i o n o f

c o rr e spo nd i ng E ngli sh so und s .

 I NT RO DU C TIO N xii l

Engl i sh lo ng
vo we ls ( as a in fa t e oo in poor ‘ ’

3 .
,
a re usu

a lly d i pht ho nga l p a rt i c ul a rly be fo r e l i q ui d s

, w he r eas , G e r ma n
lo ng v o we l s a re uni fo r m in q ua l i ty t hr o ugho ut .

4 . T he v e ry G e r ma n i ni t i a l v o w e l unl ess
u t t era nc e of e ,

w ho lly uns tr e s s ed be g i ns w i t h the g l o tt a l s t o p w hi c h c o ns i s t s

’

, ,

in s ud d e nly cl o s i ng the glo tt i s a nd fo rc i ng i t o pe n b y a n e x plo

s i o n o f b r e a t h as i n sl i ght c o ughi ng : nus hi naue c firn ohnt
‘
, , , , ,

fi ber li bera ll , .

Nou n —C o r es po nd i ng Eng li h v w ls b e g i n w i th grad ua l l os ur e f

r s o e c o

t he g l t ti s a nd o tri ke the G m a n ea r as i nd i t i nct s i nc e t he G er ma n

, s er s ,

so un d is full y r es n a nt t hr ug h ut T he l e a r ne r ma y be e na b l d to re a li e
o o o . e z

the na t ur f t hi s u nd b y the e xpe ri me n t f pl ac i g t he ha nd to th

e o s o o n s e

side x r ti ng a s ud d n f rc i b l
a nd
s e e
pr ss ure t he m uth b i ng pe n as i f
e ,
o e e , o e o

to f rm a v w l
o Whe n t hi is d n the gl tt is ( i the pa c e b t w e e n
o e . s o e, o c t . s e

t he voc l h rd s) c l se s a ut o m ati c a ll y a nd is a t nc e f rc e d pe n
a c o o ,
o o o .

5 . I t m ust
v r be fo r go t t e n t ha t the so u nd s o f a ny tw o
ne e

l angua ges ha r d ly ev e r c o rr es po nd e xa ctly a nd he nc e t ha t c o m ,

pa r i so ns b e t w ee n G e r ma n a nd Engl i sh a re o nly a ppr o x i ma t e .

I n d e sc r i b i ng the so und s b elo w b ri e f c a u t i o ns ha v e be e n a dd ed ,

in pa r ent hes i s in o r d e r to o b v i a t e t hi s d i ffi c ulty in pa rt

,
.

P r onuncia ti on of th e Al pha bet .

V o w ms .

1 . V o w el s a re i t he r fro nt
e
‘ ’
or
‘
ba ck ,
’
a cc o r d i ng to t hei r
pl ac e of a rt i c ul at i o n i n the m o ut h, a nd a re so g r o uped
b el o w .

2 . T hey are pr o no unc ed lo ng o r sho rt acc o r d i ng to the rul es

g i v e n a bo v e — ( pp x i xii ) , the c o mmo nest
. e x c e pt i o ns o nly b e i ng

no t e d .

3 Al l v o w el s must be d i s t i n ctly u t t e r ed
. .

4 Do no t d r aw ] o r d i pht ho ngi z e the l o ng v o w el s

. .

5 Do ub l e d v o w el s and t ho se fo ll o w e d b y e o r b a s a si gn
.
,

o f l engt h are o m i tt ed fr o m the c o nspe c tus

, bu t i n cl ud e d i n ,

the e xa m pl es .
 I NT R O D U CTI O N

( )
5 W hen d o ub l e d o r fo ll o wed b y si l en t I) o r e (the l a tt er
,

o nly a ft e r i
) g t aa t e r e r © n h n , R u t) bi ej er , , , .

()
5 A s d i ph t ho ngs : gl auben bei f g en B ru te , , .

n fi n a l s tr e ss e d syll a b l e e n d i ng i n a s i ngl e c o nso na n t

( )
’
a I

( i n cl ud i ng m o no syll a b l es c a pa b l e o f i n fl e cti o n o r en d i n g i n t )

(Debut genug bent Stat but gut mar mtr ; s o a l so v o we l

, , , , , , ,

b e fo r e f; pe r s i sti ng i n i n fl e ct i o n : j a f; (iaf gen) 8 11 i; ( gage) , .

4 . V o w el s a r e r egul a rly sho rt

‘
'
(a ) I n un stressed syll ab l e s batten gehabt tt ttartig , , .

cl se d syll a b l es i n c l u d i n g m o n o syll a b l es e nd i ng i n
( )
a I n o (
m o r e t ha n o n e c o nso nan t) : g li mmer wi nter al t felt ; so , , ,

a l so b e fo r e — f
3 n o t p e r s i s ti ng i n i n fl e cti o n gl ut;
n fl e c te d m o no syll a b l es e n d i ng in a s i ngl e c o n
()c I n un i
so n a n t (n o t — t) mit Db i n i nt non 0 0 m é u t fli t her (l o ng)
‘
.
, , , , , ,

5 Be fo r e cl) so m e a re l o ng so m e sho rt : g pt acbe ( l o ng)

.
, , ,

[ a dj en (sho rt ) .

Gener al R em a r k s on P r onunci ati on .

E v e ry l a nguage c ert a i n c ha r a ct e ri sti c s p e c uli a r to the

ha s
u tt e r a n c e o f i ts so un d s w h ic h t a k e n t o ge t he r m a b e c a ll ed i ts
y
‘
b a si s o f a rtic u l a t i o n T he pri n ci p a l d i st i n ct i o ns b e t w ee n
.

G e r m a n a n d E ngli sh i n t hi s r es pe c t are the fo ll o w i n g

, ,

1 . T he ti o n o f the o rga ns o f spee c h in gene r al is m o r e

ac , ,

e n erge ti c a n d p r e ci se i n G e r m a n t ha n i n E ngli s h T he pro .

n un c i a ti o n o f E n li s h s trik es the G e r m a n e a r a s sl o v enly T he

g .

e ne r gy a n d
pr e ci s i o n r e fe rr e d to a re espe ci a lly o b vi o us i n
v o w el s r e qu ir i ng l ip r o un d i ng (a s o b se rv ed fo r e xa m pl e i n , ,

w ho ,
no
’
sa w ,
’
M o r eo v e r gr ea t c a r e sho ul d b e t a k en
,
’
,

n o t to o b sc u r e G e r m a n v o w el s i n u n s tr ess e d syll a b l es w h i c h is ,

the r ul e i n E n gli sh .

2 . t o ngu e b o t h fo r v o w el s a n d c o nso na n t s is ge ne r a lly

T he , ,

e i t he r fu rt h e r a d v a n c e d o r r etr a ct e d t ha n i n the a rti c u l a t i o n o f

c o rr espo nd i ng E ngli sh so und s .

 I NTROD U CT I ON x iii

Engl i sh
l o ng vo we l s (as a i n fa t e 0 0 i n poor ‘ ’

3 .
,
are usu

a lly d i ht ho n a l
p g pa rt i c ul a rly b e fo r e liqu i d s w he r ea s
, , G e r m an
lo ng v o w el s are uni fo r m i n qua l i ty t hr o ugho ut .

4 . T he uv e ry G e r m an i ni t i a l v o w el unl ess
tt e ra n c e of e ,

w ho lly un s tr es se d b eg i ns w i t h the gl o tt a l st o p w hi c h c o ns i s t s
’
, ,

in sud d en ly cl o si ng the gl o tt i s a nd fo rc i ng i t o pen b y a n e x pl o

si o n o f b r ea t h a s i n sl i ght c o ughi ng : nué binaué effen Di m
, e , , , ,

fi ber li berall , .

N O T E —Co rre p n d i ng E g li sh v o w e l b eg i n w it h g r d u l l u
i

s o n f s a a c os re o

th e g l tti d tri k th G rm a
o s, an ar s i n d i ti n t si n e th G rman
e e e n c as s c , c e e

s o n d i s full y r s n
u t thr ugh ut The l r n r m ay b e nab l d to reali e
e o an o o . ea e e e z

th en t re f t h i s u n d b y the e p ri m n t f pl c i g the ha n d to th
a u s x e e o a n s e
'

o o

si d es and rti g ud d f r i bl pressure th m uth b i g p n s i f

exe n a s en , o c e , e o e n o e a

to f m or w l Whe t hi s i s d n th gl o tti ( i the sp c e b etw een

a vo e . n o e, e s . e . a

the v c l c h r d s) c l o es a ut m ati
o a o lly a nd is a t o n c e fo rc e d pe n
s o ca , o .

5 . I t m us t
v r b e fo rgo t t en t ha t the sound s o f a ny tw o
ne e

l angua ges ha r d ly ev er co rrespo nd exa ctly and henc e t ha t c o m ,

pa ri so n s b e t w ee n G e r m a n a n d E ngl i sh are o n ly a ppr o xi m a t e .

I n d escr i b i ng the so un d s b el o w b r i e f c au t i o n s ha v e b ee n ad d ed ,

in pa r en t hesi s i n o r d er to o b v i a t e t hi s d i ffi c ulty in pa rt
, .

Pr onunci ati on of th e Al ph ab et .

V o wa .

r . V o w el s a re it he r fro nte
‘ ’
or
‘
b a ck ,
’
a cco r d i ng to t hei r
pl a c e of a rtic ul a t i o n i n the m o ut h, a nd a re so gr o uped
b el o w .

2. T hey a repr o no un c ed l o ng o r sho rt acc o r d i ng to the r ul es

gi v e n a bo ve (pp x i—xii ) , the c o mm o n e st
. ex c e p ti o n s o nly b e i ng

no t e d .

3 . v o w el s must b e d i st i n ctly u t t er ed
Al l .

4 D o n o t d r aw l o r d i ph t ho ng i z e the l o ng v o w e l s
. .

5 D o ub l e d v o w el s a nd t ho se fo ll o w e d b y e o r I) , a s a si gn
.

o f l en gt h are o m i tt e d fr o m the c o n spe ct us

, bu t i n cl ud e d i n ,

the e xa m pl es .
 I NT RO D U CTI O N

1 F r on t Vo w els .

i 1 .W hen l o ng l i k e i in m a r i n e (sl i ghtly cl o se r ; av o i d

,
‘ ’

d i pht ho ng espe c i a lly b e fo r e I a nd 1: a v o i d i as i n b i t

, ,
’

w hen unstr essed ) mine ntit mir ; biefer SSieb

E , , , ,

ftubieren i n n ftiebl ft , , .

E X C EPTI O N ( Sho rt
. e 2 b l w) l t i l b i ell ei d) t Qi i ertel
, se e o :
’
,
’
, ,

b i ergebn, b i eraig .

2 . W hen sho rt lik e i i n bi t ( a v o id i a s i n m i rt h b efo r e r)

,
’

Stinb fi ngen ini rb bi it gebi fien gel itten ; mit i rn

, , , , , , .

L i k e y i n y es w h en unstr e sse d b e fo r e e i n l o an wo r d s
’
-
3 .
,

'
u
’
éf an li e B
‘ atie nt
, .

n 1 . W hen l o ng has n o E ngl i sh c o u nt er pa rt ; sa me

,
t o ngue
po si ti o n a s fo r i r w i t h t e n se li p r o un d i ng : , , BIii te,
E
ntii be grii n {at
, } gage E mittye frii ber
, , , .

2 . W hen sho rt has no E ngli sh c o un t e r pa rt ; sa m e t o ngue

po si ti o n as fo r i , 2 w i t h s li ght l ip r o und i ng : , bfi bfd) ,

© Iii cf f f t nb
un ,
u r ten Q i mail er mitfien
u te S
, , , , .

1) Like i or u ( s ee abo ve) aunt ( l o n g) , whit e ( sho rt ) .

W he n l o ng lik e a i n t t
s a ed ( avo i d d i pht ho ng,
‘ ’
e I .
,
espe

c i a ll y b e fo r e I a n d Iefen, Ieben, reben, fctnver ,

bent , ben ( b ut se e 4 b el o w ) ; Qbeet, © d) nee, fteti en ,

feti l en, Iebren .

E XC EP T IO N .
( Sho rt , se e 2 be low ) bes, £ 8, ms .

2 W hen sho rt lik e e in l et ( a v o i d e as i n her b e fo r e 1 )

.
,
‘ ’
,
’

ini
c n f en t en b en , g f
e t er n b efi e r Qi e tt en , j
s e rr ger n , , , , .

T
EX C EP I O N — ( L n g se e 1 b v
o e ,
S
) Q Y CQDCR ( i b e f Bferb
r e r t ‘
, a o : , , , .

3 I n . u n s tr esse d fi n a l syll a b l es a nd i n be g e l i k e a in

so d a
‘
( t o n gu e
’
s l i g h tly a d v an c e d ) :
b a be 6 5u m I ob e n , , ,

Iobet Qi rnber biefer bi efeni SBogeI ; beftefien gei obt

, , , , ,
.

4 Th e
. e o f h er b em b e lt b e é
,
eé w h e n un s tr ess ed
,
v a r i es
, , , '
,

b e t w een 3 a nd 2 a b o v e a cc o r d i ng as the str ess is , ,

m o r e o r l e ss c o m pl et e ly r e mo v e d : bet fal te flii i tttet

' ‘

.
 I N T RO D U CTI O N

1 . W hen l o ng l i k e 0 0 i n too ( t ense l ip ro und i ng and pro

,
‘ ’

tr usi o n ; av o i d d i pht ho ng espe c i ally b e fo r e I a nd r ) ,

bu r ufen 23m
, m T ynfg guten nut ; Stub g tuhi
, , , , , .

2. W hen sho rt l i k e u i n put ( d efi n i t e ly r o und ed ; n ev er

,
‘ ’

l engt hen ed e v en b e fo r e , unb murbe mutter , , ,

fi l ufz ; inn gum , ,

Di phthongs .

ai Li k e i in mi l e (fi r s t e l e m en t m o r e d e l i b e ra t ely tt e r ed
’
u

an e q ua s l G er man a, 2 + i, Q ai fer, g a mut ,

an L i ke ou i n hou se ( fi r st l
e e m en t m o r e d e l i b e r a t ely utt er ed ;
e qua l s G e r m an a, 2 u, g r a n 58 m m QSauer
, , .

Li k e in b oi l
( fi r s t el e m en t m o r e d eli b e r a t e ly utt er ed
’
(11! oi

e q ua l s G er m i ) Si fiubet imitate, QSii unre

‘ ‘

a n 0 2 2 , , , .

N O TE .
— The seco n d e e m e n l t is so m e ti m es sli ghtly r o u nd ed .

£1 T he sa m e so un d a s a t, a b o v e ntein, mi eiie ieinet

, , ei
en ner, ein t, f iltener
E .

eu T he sa m e so un d as an, a b o ve : neu, beute getter , , ene r ,

f f eu gn
e .

ui E q ua l s G er m an 11 , 2 i, 2
hui ! pfui !
C O N SO NAN T S .

I . v ery i m po rt a n t to r e m e mb e r t ha t a ll fi na l c o nso nant s

I t is
a re sho rt i n G e r ma n a lt ho ugh n o t a l w a y s so i n E ngl i sh c om

pa r e man a nd m an fang a n d san g

‘ ‘ ’
.
,

2 D o ub l e c o nso na n t s hav e o n ly a si ngl e so und a s a l so i n

.
,

E ngl i sh : gefall en fal l en ; b ut w hen tw o c o nso na nt s c o m e

‘ ’
,

t o ge t her t hr o ugh c o m po und i ng the so und i s l engt he ned i n

c a r eful d i cti o n b ut no t ful ly d o ub l ed : mitteiien ; si mi l a rly
,

a l so c o n t i guo us fi na l a n d i n i ti a l c o nso na n t w hen n e c essa ry for ,

d i st i nct ne ss : not tun .

3 W he n a lt e r na t i v e pr o nun c i a t i o ns are gi v en b el o w the

.

pr efe r ab l e o n e is put fi r s t .
 I N TRO D U CTI O N xvn

A Q /z a é etz c a / L z s
'

f
'

C o ns on a n ts
‘
z o .

I) 1 W he n i ni ti a l i n wo r d o r syll a b l e o r d o ub l ed l i k e b in
.
, ,

b a ll : bul b Iieben b erbi eiben Gbbe

‘ ’
r
, , , .

2 Whe n fi nal in w o rd o r syll a b l e lik e p i n tap ab i fieib

.
, ,
‘
, ,

Iieb abgeben © cIneibtiicI) Iiebte Iiebl id) Iiebfter

, , , , , .

Be fo r e fr o n t v o w e l li k e ts i n set s (Si t er o (Safar

‘ ’
c 1 .
, , .

Be fo r e ba ck v o wel l i k e 0 i n call Ganto Gaffei

‘ ’
2 .
, , .

NO T E c a l n e i n w fo u n d n l y i n l o n w o r d s a n d pr o per n un
. o s o o a - o s.

(I) 1 . A ft er ba ck v o w el
c o un t er part ; c o m par e ,
has no E ngl i sh
Sc o tc h ch i n l och ( fo r m e d b y sl i ght c o n t a ct o f the ‘ ’

b a ck o f the t o ngue w i t h the so ft pal a t e ; v o i c el ess) :

58 m) machen nod) fucben r auchen , , , , .

NOTE — V i l e . m n w it h ut i b ra ti o n o f the v ca l c ho rd s ; c o m
‘
o ce ss ea s o v o

pa r e f i n e ( o i l s ) w i th vi n e ( v i d )
‘ ’
v c e es
‘
o ce .

2 A ft e r fr o n t v o we l a ft e r c o nso nan t an d i n —tI) ett l i k e h

.
, , ,

i n h ue v e ry fo rc i b ly pr o n o un c ed (a vo i d k a s in k i ll
‘ ’ ‘ ’

a nd sh as i n s h i p i t is b es t o b t a i ne d by unv o i c i ng the ’

y in y e s) id) fd) Ied) t inetd) iotcbeé SJi dbm , en ; , , ,

s o a l so i n (Shemie b e fo r e a fro n t v o w e l
'
.
,

3 Be fo re 6 i n a st e m syll a b l e lik e I (w h ic h see) : Qatbé

.
, ,

D ebien mad fien ; al so so m e l o an wo r d s (Shr i ft (Shot 2c

,
-
, , , .

cf L i k e f (whic h see
) bicf, Mitten .

1 . W hen i ni t i al i n a w o r d o r syll a bl e o r d o ub l ed l i k e d in , ,

d ay ( t o ngue a d v a n c e d to the gu ms) : bu br ei fi febet

‘ ’ ‘

, , ,

g dnbe mitt he abbieren , , .

2 . W he n fi nal i n a wo r d o r syll ab l e li k e t i n tak e (t o ngue ,

‘ ’

a d v an c e d to the gum s :
) Q ieb g an b u nb g fi n bm en , , , ,

ea i cI) O eiunbbeit , .

f Li k e f in f a ll Ianfen, 53mmflint, bofien

‘ ’
: .

1 . W hen i ni t i a l i n a wo r d o r str essed syll ab l e o r d o ubl ed , ,

lik e g i n b ega n gai n b eg i n : gab Q q gabe

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ’
, , , ,

geben gegeben (b i tter gr un (Egge

, , , , .
x vi ii I N TROD U C TIO N

T E —T he pl
NO . a c e o f co n ac t t b tw n t e ee o n g ue a n d
pa a l t e va i es al ng r o

w it h t h e v o w e l o r c o n so n a n t o f th e y ll b l e s a ,
as in Eng sh ; li i m il rl y l
s a a so

fo r th e my li t
so un d s o f I, , .

2 A ft e r a b a ck v o w e l w i t hi n a w o r d (when fo ll o wed b y a
.

v o wel) ei ther l i k e g r o r v o ic ed d) r Eage fagen

, , , , , ,

gogen sa ge , .

NO TE -T hi . n d so un d i f r i g n t
s sec oE ngli sh ; it m y b e f r m d b y s o e o a o e

m ki g th s u d usua ll y h r d i n g rgli ng w it h ut h w v er d r aw i n g
a n e o n ea a ,
o , o e ,

t h t n gu f r e n ugh b ac k t uv ul a t
‘

e o e a a u se th o t il l o c e o r .

3 . A ft e r a b a ck v o w el w hen fi n a l or b e fo re a c o nso na nt ,

l i k e (I) r Eng l ag 30 g girg fagte trogte

, , , , , ,
-
.

4 . A ft e r a fro nt v ow e l o r a c o n so na nt w i thi n a w o r d (an d

fo ll o w e d by a v o w e l ) e i t he r l i k e g I o r g (whi c h se e) : , , ,

Iegen, éBerge, QSiirger, C5 cI) Icige, QBiege, a ige

'
t .

NOTE . L ke i i al m o st uni v rs lly i

e a n th e c o mb n a i ti on ig .

5 . A ft e r a fr o n t
v o w el (a ) w hen fi nal (1 ) fi nal a ft er a c o nso , ,
7

na n t (5 ) b e fo r e a c o nso na nt lik e (I) 2 : Z ei g © i€ g

, , , , ,

a ig ; éBerg I al g ; Iegte Ii egt , , .

6 L ik e z i n a z ur e ( t ongu e a d v a n c e d l i ps pr o tr ud ed) i n
‘ ’
.
,
'
m any Fr en c h l oan wo r d s G ta ge Gow ra ge
’
- z z s
, .

I) I . Li k e h i n ( tr o ngly
‘
a h av e
n d b r i e fly u tt e r e d
) baben
s ,

gehabt bei fgen gehol fen Ql born

’
.
, , ,

2 . I t is si l en t b e fo r e the v o w el o f a n e nd i ng a nd as a si gn
o f l eng t h :
geben geieben ; 9 11i) 9? e web ; s ee a l so , ,

d) “ , 7 i d» ,
:

l r . Regul a rly , l i k e y in y es ( t o ngue cl oser to the pal a t e ; ‘ ’

s tr o ngly b u zz e d ) :
ia i ebet S uni j urbgen
‘

, , , .

2 . I n Fr en c h l o a n w o r d s l i k e g 6 ab o v e : S oura n f-
, , ,
’
,

S w a tta
'
.

Li k e in ( c o mp t
’
k in
‘ ’ ’ ‘
0 can or
‘
k en , k ee n . no e to

g, r
) : tam, fennen, St i nh, ti ein, fanf .

L i k e 1 in ( t o ngue a d va nc ed
l ip gu m s) Ioben,
‘ ’
to :

Iieben . aw gl i t Ii cI) molten nolI

, , , .
 I N T RO D U CT IO N

L i k e m in ‘
m ak e ’
: mi t éBanm, Iommen 531m m
, , .

L ik e 11 in na m e ( t o van c ed
n gue ad to gum s ) 1161111 611 ,

nub, a be, an, 932mm Wanner , .

Li k e l eng t h s i ng ( a b r uptly tt er ed
’ ’ ’
in ‘ ‘ ‘
ng sa ng , u ;
c o mp no t e to g, I ; n ev e r a s in Engli sh
.
‘
fi nger
’

)
fangen tang l augh ti ng gi nger
, , , , .

Li k e t hank t hi nk (a b r uptly utt er ed ; c o m p

’ ’
in ‘ ‘
nk , .

t
n o e to g, r : Qu
) i nt banten Ienfen iinfen , , , .

L i k e p in ( r c fu lly b e fo r e f) Buppe
’ ‘
p it
‘
p o no un e : ,

© irup pflangen SBferb , , .

'
Like f (whic h Bbil oio pb Tbil oiopbie
‘ '
see
) , .

L i k e f + in (w hi c h see ) Q ueil e, quer .

H as no E n gl i sh
c o unt er part ; i t is fo r m ed ei t he r ( I ) by
trill i ng the po i n t o f the t o ngue a ga i nst the upper gum s
( l i ng u al
‘
r ) o r ( 2
) b y d r a w i ng the r o o t o f th e t o n ue
’
, g
b a ck war d so a s to c a use the u v ul a to v i b r a t e u v ul a r

fRat rot runb r ei n mar ini r Sg erg inerben

, , , , , , , .

N OTE E ith r s un d i s
. rr t i
e n rsati o n T h li gu l h w
o co ec n co ve . e n a o

e v r i m r ead ily a c quir d b y E gli h pe ki ng st ud ent s

e , s o e r e n s -s a .

W hen i ni t i al i n a w o r d o r syll ab l e b e fo r e a v o w el l i k e 2 in ,

z ea l (t o ngue a d v an c e d t o wa rd s gum s) feben fo fi d)

’
, , ,

fii fi mofe gi nian gei efen

, , , .

W hen fi nal in a w o r d o r syll ab l e a n d b e fo r e m o s t c o n ,

so n a n t s l i k e s i n sea l (t o ngu e a d va nc e d a s a b o v e )
’
, ,

so a l so f ) , if a l way s meé hatb faft mafi a, , , ,

effen huf f fi nite fi ffi iie

, , , .

W hen i nit i al b efo r e i) o r i l i k e sh i n s hip ( t o ngu e ad ,

va nc e d ; li s
p pr o tr ud ed ) : fi chen geftanben fpieIett , , ,

gefpiel t fi inberfpiei , .

L ik e sh in sh i p (see f , 3) ©d) i ff, frbreiben, Q ifd) .

xx I N T RO D UCT I O N

L i k e t in t a me ( t o ng ue ad v a n c ed
‘ ’
t I . to gum s ) : S ag,
tei Ien, z ll i utter
i l fi) z inte E , , , r i tt .

2 . In l o a wo r s b e o r i
n - d f e » i ’
t? Stati o n Batie nt
‘ '
, .

tI) Sa m e t, z beatet
“ ‘
as I .

1} Sa m e as
5 ( whi h c s ee
) i ti an
©11 15, T .

1 . Sa m e f (whi c h see) Qi ater b i el ti on

as , , , bran .

2 . I n m o s t L a ti n o r R o m a n c e l o a n wo r d s -
in (w hi c h se e
)
'
Qi aie Br outa nt Siteb o l b er fli era nba
‘ ’ '
, , , .

In Li k e v in ‘
v nei ( l ess s tr o ngly b uzz e d ) : mar m0 wit, , ,

weshal b, @ d) mefter gruei , .

g Sa m e as f§ 1 n t mi ge , .

5 Same as ts : 311 , S ets ©fi55e , .

Pr onunci ati on of Loan-w or ds .

T he G er m a n pr o nun ci a ti o n o f l o an -w o r d s is usua lly an ap

pr o x i m a t i o n to the o ri gi na l so un d , the o r i gi n a l s tr ess of the

fo r e i gn w o r d b e i ng i n m o st
c a ses r e t a i ne d A full tr ea t m e n t o f .

the subj ec t i s b e y o nd the l i m i t s o f t hi s w o rk b ut the p r o n unc i a ,

t i o n o f the m o r e c o mm o n c o nso na nt s o f fo r e ign o ri g i n has been

i nd i c a t ed a b o v e .

E x erci s es on Pronunci ati on .

T E —T h e w rd s in A B C D h ve b ee t a ken w ith f w e
NO o , , , , a n , e xc e
p
ti n fr m the first fi e erc i es f th Gr mm r T h e n um r l s ft
o s, o v ex s o e a a . e a a er th e
l tt e c o rrespo n d to t h used i n e pla i n i g th pro n un c i ti n ( pp
e rs o se x n e a o . x iv

— Bater Sm
'
A Si mpl e v o w el s
. a ( r) : E arie , I afel , aber , ha ;
.
,

a mann, EBaII, (Si mi an Eante ; e ( r) : gem er ft,

al t E , , ,

Bebrer, febr ; e ll i efier, ttenti er e

O ei b Sj err E mote, , ,

b i el e, Ioben, aber ; i ( r ) : mir, bie, b ieIe ; i E i nte i ft , ,

itnrner, ar ti g i
'
Qi lie o mo, rot ober , grofg mobl ; , ,

n D nIeI © tocf oft, g ummer ; u

, 23nd) 5Bruber,
, ,

Qi l nnre ©tubl ; n ( 2 ) éj nnb, iung mutter , Buppe

,
‘
, .
 I NT RO D U CT I ON xxi

B . V o we l s w i t h um au l t —a ( I ) : mabd fin
.
, erga lli ar
bl en E ,

h ; it Bad er ; ii
S bbie id) bn ; ii (Sj btter Ibn
' ‘

t en , ,

nen, éj brner ; u griin gil ti g Z i rr (2)

’

, , ; ii
bfi bid) , if misis .

C . D i pht ho ngs .
—ai : Q aiier ; an : and) , gr an auimertiarn ,

i l uigabe ; ei : l l ein, yl eiid) , r ei n ; eu : neu, Q eutid)

fiBl ei itiit, T .

D Co nso n a n t s — b ( 1 ) abet , 58 all , 55 tt1bet , 23t i ef I) ( 2 )

’

. .

turbid) , fi aiar, Q icero ; d) cz

,
58 nd) and) ,

ntacben ; d) i d) , ni cht, Elli ii bdwn, wei d) ; d) inacbien,

(Shot d : QSad er, ©tod ; b ba, geber , ober , br ei , abbieren ;
b l a b, unb, grii nblid) ; g gut, ger n, O arteu groig ; ,

g SZage, iage ; g ( 3) : S l ag, fl ug ; g éBerge, a i ge ;

g ar ti g gii tig, r egnen ; g , Eta ge, Gourage ; l) ( r)

hart ea t em bi er r
, , fab ieben men i z ( 1 ) a r
, un , , .

j ( 2 ) : S ournal ; I : l al t Il ei u ; I : al t Ilug SBall ; m , , ,

SJi ann i mmer ; u : nei n i ante mann ; a g z inng ©nagtet

, , , ,
'
gang Siti ng iingen ; uI : Dnl el ; is : Buppe ; tl) : Bbil oio pb ;
S ‘
‘

,
i
,

qu : Q uell e quer ; r : rot S , li oie runb met O arten g err ; , , , , ,

i ( r) : Si b ie bbie iebr ; i ( z ) z al s spans groig SDieiier

, , , , , ,

meiien ; i (3 ) g tubl 23l ei itiit g rad ipiel en ; i d) : id) inar3 , , , ,

i)
d © d i D
C i);
d t z i il l i tt t ( )
'

bn ) 1n
, e ter eut ro t nte, u er ; 2 , ,
' '
Si ati o n Bati e nt ; tl) : Z bea ter ; is: Bl as ; b ( r ) : SBater,
‘ ‘
’
,

ni el e u SBaie fiBerbunr tn : mo tner @ d) ineiter id) inar3

, , , ,

3: $ 3626 birt ; 3 : gang simmer iiinigig ergabl en

, , , , .

E T o b e r e pea t e d sev e r a l t i m es i n succ e ss i o n : 1 D r ei ‘

. .

breite 23acbbl atter br ei br ei te 2c $iid) er3 {tri g ii id) t

'

2 . . s
, ,

it tiche $iid) e giid ers gri t} re 3 fDer Si ottbuiier Boit

,
‘
,
. .
s

tutid) er pun t ben fi ottbuiier ‘Boittuticbl aiten ber li ottbuiier zc , ,

.

F S ebn iucht .

i l d) ! aué bieies Z al es (Si runben,

SDie ber l al te Si ebel brii d t ,

Si bnnt i d) bod) b n Jl usgang iinben,

’ ‘
e

91d) ! mie i ii bl t id) mid) begl ii d tl

’
xx ii I NT RO D U CTI ON

fb i d) id) i$ne Sj ugel ,

ort erblid
’

Gmig iung unb eini g griin

g ate id) g dnniugen bdtt i d) 8 l ugel ,
’
,

9i ad) ben fj ii gel n gbg id) bin

’
.

U se of Capita l s .

C a pi t a l l e tt e r s a re r e qu ir ed i n G er man c o ntra ry to Engl i sh ,

usa ge in the fo ll o w i ng c ases

,
.

1 A s i n i t i a l o f all n o u n s a n d al l w o r d s use d as n o uns : bie

.

geber the pen ; bad SRiit iche the useful ; ettnas m

‘ ’ ‘ ’
, eueé , ,

so m e t hi ng n ew ; baé m eiien tr av ell i ng ; no uns used w i t h

‘ ’ ‘ ’
,

o th r
e fun ct i o ns t ak e a sm all i n i t i a l : QI bettb e v eni n
g but ,
‘
,
’

abe nbé i n the e v eni ng ; Qei b so rr o w b ut 66 tut mi t l ei b

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘

, , , ,

I a m so rry
’
.

2 A s i n i t i al o f the p r o no un g ie
.
yo u (in a ll fo r ms e x c ept
a nd o f the c o rr espo n d i ng po ssessi v es : 5 0 5 611 © i e
3 S hre
geber H av e yo u y o ur pen ? ’

3 Si m i l a rly b u t i n c o rr espo n d e n c e o nly bu i l)1 yo u a nd

‘ ’
.
, , , ,

t he ir po ssessi v es : QBir ermarten Q id) unb Q eine g dnneiter ,

We e xpect yo u and y o ur si st er .
’

4 P r o per a dj e ct i v es a re n o t w r i tt e n w i t h a c a pi t a l unl ess

.

fo r m e d fr o m na m es o f p e rso ns o r fo r m i ng pa rt o f a pr o p er
nam e : baa beutid) e 513ml) the G e r ma n b o o k ; b ut bie
‘ ’
, ,

O oetbeid en G Z d ni iten G o e t he s w r i t i ngs ; has S Deutid) e

‘
‘ ’ ’
,

Sli cid) the Ge r m an E mpi r e

‘ ’
.
,

P unctuati on .

T he pun ct uat i o n c o rr espo nd in ge ner a l to

rul es of t ho se of

E ngl i sh, bu t the fo ll o w i ng po i nt s sho u l d b e no t e d

1 A d e pen d en t
. t
se n en e c ( r el ativ e ,
a d ve r b i al ,
e tc .
) is i ntro
d uc ed b y a c o m m a .

2 . I nfi ni t i v e cl auses w i th 311 a re r egul a rly p r e c e d ed b y a

co m ma .

3 . An ex cl ama t o ry po i nt is u se d i n b egi nni ng l e tt ers : ©el)r

geehr ter {gerr l
xx1v I N T RO D U CT I ON

( Transc ri pti o n of th e r
Ge m an l ett r o n p
e a
ge
I NT RO D U CTI ON
MA P O F G ER M AN Y .
(S ee l e ss o n XL I )
.
 L ESSON I

Gend er a nd A greem ent .

59 61? 9321 1111 i it al l .

T he m a n i s ol d .

fDie 3 1 1 11 i it flug . T he w o m a n i s cl ev er .

Bud) i it 11 611
59 1 5? E . T he b oo k is n ew .

$ 115 E mi bd wn i it hubid) . T he gi rl i s pr e tty .

fib er Sj unb l it groB . T he d o g i s l a r ge .

$ 61? QBiIttet l it fal l

‘

. T he w i n t e r i s co l d .

Die zi ni e i it id m
‘
l at T he i nk i s b l a ck
‘

s . .

O BSERVE : 1 . T he sub e j ct of a sen en t ce is a l wa y s i n the

n o m na i tiv e .

2 . P r ed ic a t e
j ct i v e s r e m a i
ad en un d e cli n e d i n G e r m an .

T he d e fi n i t e a rticl e a gr ee s w i t h i ts n o un i n gen d e r nu m
3 .
,

b e r a nd c ase a n d has the fo ll o wi ng fo r ms i n the no m i na tiv e

, ,

s i ngu l a r

M0 5 5 . ber F em .
hie N ew . bag

4 . T her e a re t hr ee gend e rs i n Ger m an m asc uli n e, fe m i n i ne,

a nd n eu e t r .

5 . N a m es of m a l es a re a l mo st a l way s m asc uli ne, a n d n a m es

o f fe ma l es fe m i n i n e , b u t al l n o u ns in -
d) ett a nd —
l 6i11 (d i minu
tiv es ) t r r e ga r d l ess o f sex
are n eu e ,
.

6 N a m es o f an i m a l s a n d t hi ngs m a y b e o f
. a ny gend e r to

b e l ear ne d fr o m the v o c a bul a ry o r d i ct i o na ry .

2 . N omi nati v e Pronouns .

S it bet 9321 1111 Il ug? 3 a 61? I s the m a n cl ev e r ? Y es, he is

“

l it Il ug . cl e v er .

S it ber fl utter warm ? Sli ein ,

I s the w i nt er w a r m ? No , it is
61 i ii l al t . co l d .
 G ER MA N G RA M MA R

® i6 gr an i it ni cht al t ; fie l it T he w o ma n i s not o l d ; she is

iung . y o u ng .

© i6 K i tti e i it nitlfi rot ; ii6 i it T he i nk is n o t re d ; it is b l a ck .

icbmarg .

fDaé 2311 6 ) i it al t ; 63 i it nid fl T he b o o k i s o ld it is n o t n ew .

T1611 .

Q ua E ll i abd kn i it ni g t h Hei n ; T he gi rl i s no t sm a ll ; she is

es i it groig . l arge .

O BS ERV E T he p e r so n a l p r o n oun o f the t hi r d si ngul a r a gr ees

:

i n ge n d e r w i t h the n o un to w hi c h i t r e fe r s, a n d ha s the fo ll o w «

ing fo r m s i n the no m na i tiv e

M a ss . 61? N ewt . 6§

E XE RCIS E I
MB . T he d e fi n it e a rti l b f r
c e u e o e no n s sh o w s the ir g end e r .

abe r bu t . bad fmabd wn th ,

e gi rl .

al t, o l d . mann th m
ber E ,
e an .

had Qi ud) , the b o o k . 11 6i11, n o (a d o ) .

ba, t he r e . 11 611 , n ew .

bl e 8 6b61 the pen b

ni c t, no t
‘

. .
,

r
g io 3 l a r e t a ll
g ,
b ig , , , gr e a t . ober ,
or .

bi er her e ,
. rot, red .

1361 Q ua il , the d o g .
i)
d 1b ar 5,
b l a ck .

i it, i s .
ber s ummer, the su mm e r .

l a, Y es . ble l
(
i ttl e ,
the in k .

fal t, co ld . warm, wa rm .

l i ttl e
Il ein, s m all , met ? w ho ?
’

i n t ell i ge nt
l l ug, cl e v er, . bet iliiinter, the w n ei t r .

ber e r er the t ea c he r ( m ) ,
. mo ? w he e ? r
bi6 geht et itt the t ea c he r
‘ ‘

A $ 1 6 $ 1111) i it neu
. 1 . 2 ZDie E i nte i it id marg . . .

3 D er QBinter i it l al t ® 6r @ omrner i it marn1 5 Q ue

”
.
4 . . . .

m
SJi ab eu l it Il ein 6 $ 11 6 Qi ud) i ii ni d) i al t ; es i it neu . . .

7 D ie S t i nte i it uid) t rot ; iie i i t id) inar3 8 $ 1 6 SJi i bcben

”
. . .
g3) L E S SO N 1 3

i it nicbt l l ein ; es9 i it groig b i er ?. ro S mile

.
S it bie {teber .

i ii bi er QBer i it ba ? $ 11 3 Sfi abm en i ii ba
‘

. 1 1 . 1 2 13 $1330 . . .

i it ber Bebrer ? (Sr i it a i d) t bi er ; er i it ba

‘
14 . 15 {D er . .

e r er i i b
t i e r ab er bi
,
e B eb rer in i ii a i d) b
t i e r 1 6 g it ber . .

© r I l Stei n er i it warm ; er i it a id) t fal t

‘

b ra nt e a t ? 1 7 .
, .

1 8.
S it ber éj unb Il ug? 1 9 3 1 er i it fla g .
, .

3 .A nsw er the fo ll o w i ng q uesti o ns i n Ge r m a n : 1 S it hué .

QSud) gr ub? 2 S it baa S JJi i bd) en Il ein ? 3 S it bie z inte

‘
. .

id) inar3? 4 S it ber g ourmet l al t ? 5 S it ber QBinter Ial t

. .

ober warm ? 6 ill i o i it bie $eber ? 7 SlBer i it bier ? 8 filter

‘
. . .

i it ni d) i bi er ? 9 S it ber Sebrer nid) t ba ? 1 0 QED tit has

. .

E
l il a b
'

d nn ? 1 1
Si t h e r.

3
1 m n i b
c t fl u g
? 1 2
s ir hua SBud) .

al t ober ueu ?

C . 1 . T he b o o k i s
l arge 2 T he ink i s red 3 I s the . . . .

ma n cl e v er ? 4 H e is cl e v e r 5 W he r e is the p en ? 6 I t
. . . .

i s no t her e 7 T he su m m e r is w a r m ; i t is n o t c o l d
. . 8 Is . .

the w i n t er w a r m ? 9 N o i t i s c o l d 1 0 W
. h e r e i s the ,d o g? . .

1 1. I t is he r e 1 2 I s the i nk b l a ck ?
. .1
3 N o i t i s red .
,
.

14 . I s the t ea c he r he r e ? 15 Y es she i s he r e 1 6 I s the .

, . .

g irl l a r ge ? 1 7 N o s he i s s m a ll . 1 8 ,I s the b o o k o l d o r is . .

i t n e w ? 1 9 I t i s o l d ; i t i s n o t n ew
. 20 W her e is the . .

t ea c he r ?
a ct fo r r ea d i ng
D .
(
Qeieitucf tr ) ex

G ri ns ginei br ei , i barrn l it ni d) t Ial t

, , ,

Qi l t l it nicbt neu Q al t i it a i d) t warm,

,

El l en tit nicbt al t Si eicb tit ni cbt arm

, .

N O T E —F v cab ul ary f t h
or o tr ct e end f th e ol um e
o ese e x a s, se o v .

L E S S ON II

Nom i na t i v e of e 11 l a nd f6i11 .

(f in g tein i it bat t A t
s o ne is ha r d
‘

. .

(Si ne Si oie i it rot . A r o se is re d .

 GER MA N G RA M MA R 4

(Sin Gt i it t 1i rth
‘

. An egg r o un d
is .

Rein g orunrer i it l al t . No su mm e r i s c o l d .

9 el11 6 Sii oie i ii grun . No r o se i s gr een .

9 6mSi lub i it al t . No c hi l d i s o l d .

O BSER V E : i nd efi n i t e a rt i cl e eirt a n d i ts
The n ega t i ve feitt
a g r e e w it h t he i r n o un s a nd ha v e the fo ll o w i ng , fo r m s i n the
n o m i n a t i v e s i n gul a r

M o se . a nd N ew . eir1

M a sc . a nd N ew .
f6i11

4 . N om i na t i v e of S ome P oss ess i v es .

SJi ein Qi ater i it groig . My fa t he r i s

t all .

© 6i116 m i nttel i it gut Y o ur (thy) m o t he r is go o d

‘

. .

@ 6i11 Si irtb i it l l ein . H is c hi l d i s sma ll .

S it b b i l é
) Bud) I s t ha t her ( t hei r) b o o k ?
‘

a 1

l l rtiere SJi utter i ii al t . O ur m o t he r i s o l d .

O BS ERV E : Po sse ss iv e ad e j ctiv es ha v e the sa m e e nd ngs as i

the i n d efi ni t e a rti cl e i n the no m na i t i v e si n gul a r ,
a nd a g e e r

5 . N om i na ti v e of wel d) “ 9

fi el d) “ {Diana i it al t ? W hi c h m an is o l d
flBel d w23l u1ue i it rot ? W h i c h fl o w e r i s re d ?
fi d d fié 5?i i it bii bicf) W hic h c hi l d i s pr etty ?
O BS ERV E T he i n t e rr o ga tiv e 1D6l tl) 61 ? whi c h ? has the fo l
’ ’
:

l o wi ng fo r m s in the n o m i n a tiv e s i ngu l a r ,

a nd a gr ee s

Ma s t . mel d) er F e m mel d) e . N ew . 10 6l tbe§

E X E RCIS E II

ber 231 661 the b a k e r , .

b at t
‘

har d
,
.

bet Qi a ll , the b a ll .
bii bid) pr e tty ,
.

bet éBt uber, the b r o t her ber S

j ut, the hat
‘

. .

gr i m g r e en
,
. i mmer a l wa y s ,
.

Sli t, go o d .
j uug y o ung ,
.
6 GER MAN GR AM M A R 6

c hai r t 1 3 W hi c h c hi l d i s pr e tty ? 1 4 H i s pen i s n o t

is sof . . .

g o o d ; i t i s v e ry s o ft 1
5 I s o ur d o g n o t he r e ?
. 1 6 N o r o se
. .

is gr een 1 7 A r o se i s r ed o r w hi t e
. . .

iGe c tii d
D .
i i
Gina, ginei , br ei , Sj r t i it a i d) t weid)
a ,

ti l t i it a i d) t neu, Sri id) tit ni d) t faul ,

tl rrn i it a i d) t r eid) , D d) ? tit Iein (551ml .

L E S S O N 1 11

Pres ent I nd i cati v e of iei n , to be .

i cl) bin, I a m . ruir ii11 b w e a re

,
.

bu hi il , t ho u a rt, yo u are . i br ieib ye ( yo u)

,
a re .

61 ( ii6, 66) i it, he ( she , i t ) i s .

ii e ii11 b t hey a re
,
.

F o r m a l : @ te i111b yo u a re ( s i ng o r pl a n )
,
. .

I n t err o ga t i v ely : bin id) ? hi il bu ? 26 .

7 . P r onouns of Ad d r es s .

l i i it bu ba, 111 6i11 Q inb ?

c
A re yo u t her e, m y c hi l d ?
©eib i br ba s tinber ? , A re yo u t her e , c h il d r e n
® iub 6te Iranl , Sj err Qt ? A re yo u ill , M r A . .

g i ub 6i6 bi er , mei ne 33 61 1 611 A re yo u he r e, gen tl e m en

Si t baé S i 8 ), 3
l t 5 n d 3 61 1 23 ? I s t ha t yo ur bo ok, Mr . B ?
.

O BSERV E t ho u yo u is fa m il i a r a nd i ts pl ur a l is
$ ’ ‘ ’
: 1 . 11, , , ,

yo u ; the c o rr espo nd i ng possessiv e s a re bei u euer

’
i br ye ‘ ’
, , , ,

r espect iv ely d ecli n ed lik e mei u

,
.

S i c yo u is fo r m a l i s a l way s w ritt e n w i t h a c a p it a l a n d
’
2 .
, , , ,

r eq ui r e s the v e rb in the t hi r d pl ur al w het he r o n e pe r so n is ,

a d d r esse d o r m o r e t ha n o n e .

3 Y o ur i n fo r m a l a dd r ess
.
S br d e cl i n ed l i k e i br he r ,
‘
,
’

and a l way s w r i tt en wi t h a c api t a l .

s 9] L ESS O N I I I
7

8 . The Demonst r a t i v e baé o

E b aé i ii bet QSater . T ha t i s the fa t he r .

Dae i it bie
‘
utta m '

. T ha t i s the m o t he r .

fb aé ii11b 111 6i11 6 @ Cl) 11l 61 . T ho se a re m y pupil s .

O BSE RV E : baa
r e m a i ns unc hanged
. he r e ; the V e b r r
a g ees

w i h the
t r eal subj ect w hi c h fo ll o ws , .

9W ord Or d er T he pr ed i c a t e a dj ect i v e c o mes at the end

. .

o f a pr i nc i pa l se n t en c e i n si m pl e t enses

iDaé QBetter i ii b6ute id) m1 T he w eathe r i s fi ne to-d ay . .

E XE RCIS E III

at ti g well -behav ed goo d

, ,
. ber a el , the u n cl e .

aucb a l so to o
, ,
.
ib ic ar ,
sha rp .

hbie b a d cro ss a ngr y id) 611 b eaut i ful , ha nd so m e,

'

.
, , , ,

bie St an the wo m an wi fe Mrs

, , ,
. fi ne .

gang q u it e ,
. bie ©1bul 6, the c hool
s .

bet (Sj arten the ga r d en b61 g tbii l er, the pupi l sc ho l a r

‘
. .
, ,

ii
g g ti ki nd ,
. bie C
‘
5 cbii l 61 , the pupi l s sc ho l ,

b61 33 61 1 the gen tl e man M r, , . a rs .

in, i n . bie S aute, the aunt .

bie ltiuber, the c hi l d r en . u nar tig, na ughty, b ad

'
.

franl , i ll , si ck . unb, a nd .

bie e r er the t eac her s ,

. meiien who se ?
baé 9326ii61 the k ni fe ,
. mobl w ell ,
.

bie m6ii61 the k ni v es ,

. zc , etc. .

I D IO M greet e r er t ,
eac he r ( vac
) ; her
s -

fi eu c rer, the t eac h r e

( f rm f r p t )
o s o es ec .

A . C o nt i nue the fo ll o wi ng
t hr o ugho u t the t ense : 1 S d) .

bin Iranl bu bi it re 2 fiBin i d) ar ti g ? bi it bu ? re 3 S d)

, , . . . .

bin nid) t Il ein bu re 4 ib in i d) a i d) t grub? bi it bu ? i t

, , . . .

B 1 b ie ©d) ul er ita b a i d) t bi er ; ite iinb nid) t inobl

C . . .

2 .
fi le e r er iinb bi er unb bie ©cbul er itab and) bi er .
8 G ER MA N GR AM MA R 9

l l niere 6 d)ul e i it gr ub unb id) bu 4 S d) bin Il ei u, aber

‘

3 . . .

D ie iinb gr oi3 5 ©inb Di e l rant, Sr au D raun ? 6 Stei n,

. . .

i d) bin gan3 mobl .

7©i e iinb iebr gii tig, éj err © d) i ier
.
.

8 S it baa S bre
.
Seber ? 9 D u bi it unar ti g, nrein St inb .
.

Io .
@ eib i br a r tig St inber ?, ila b 1 1 .
S a Sj , err Sebrer, inir

a r ti g 1 2 . unier (Sj arten i it id) bn unb er i it and) gr oi;

.

13 D er S
.
j unb i it g r oi3 ab e r er i it n i d) i bh ie 14 D ie , . .

93teiier iinb nid) t id) ar i 1 5 Shi er i ii bus ? 16 D ue i it . . .

mei ne © d) meiter D as iinb bie G Bcbitl er D 11 6

’

18
‘

1 7 . .
. .

i it uniere Bebrerin 19 l i nier D nl el i it in Sitein Sor t . .

.

20
S bre Z ante i it in D erl in
. .

C . A nsw e r i n G e r m a n r ti g ? 2 ©i11b : 1 .
S it baé Si iub a .

bie Q inber nid) t ar tig ? 3 D i it bu m ob l rn ei n fi inb ? .

,

4 . ® iub @ te nid) t mobl Sj err © d) aier ? 5 SZBeiien Seber ,

.

i it baa ? 6 E ll i eiien D ali i it but»? 7 fib er i it ba ? 8 233116

. . .

i it baa? 9 S it S br Sj unb nid) t boie ? Si i (Sj arten

''

. 1 0 t rn e n .

a i d) t Mon ? 2330 tit S bre I ante ? S it S br D nl el

‘
1 1 1 2 . .

a i d) t and) in iBerl in

D . M y a unt i s i n N ew Y o rk 2 W he r e is y o ur un cl e ?
I . . .

3 H e is a l so i n N e w Y o rk
.
4 A re yo u q u it e w e ll M r . .
,
.

Sc hafe r ? 5 N o I a m n o t v e ry w ell .
,
6 A re yo u i ll m y . .
,

c hil d ? 7 N o I a m q ui t e w e ll 8 A re yo u t he r e fa the r ?
.
,
. .
,

9 .Y e s I a m h
,
e r e 1 0 I s t ha t y o u r s c h o
. o l ? 1 1 Y es . t ha t i s .
,

m y s c ho o l 1 2 I t i s n o t l a rge b ut i t i s ha nd so m e
. . 1 3 C hil ,
. .

d r en yo u a r e n a ugh ty
,
14 N o w e a re q ui t e go o d . 1 5 My .
,
. .

b r o t he r a n d m y sis t e r a re i n Be rli n 1 6 W ho se k n iv e s a re . .

t ho se ? 1 7 W ha t is t ha t ? 1 8 Who is t ha t ? 1 9 T hat is m y
. . .

m o t he r 20 Who are yo u ? 2 1 I a m Mrs Braun

. . . . .

E . Qeieitud
D er QBinter i it Ial t ber g ommer i it marrn ,

D ie GIter a ita b r ei d) bie fi tnber iinb arnr ,

D ie Seber i ii l ei d) i baa Giien i it idup er ; ,

D ie © d) ii iiel i ii b oll , ber S ell er i it l eer .

 13 ] L E S SO N I V
9

L E S SO N IV
P r es ent I nd i cat i v e of baben, to ha v e .

I ha v e , e tc . H a v e I ? e tc .

b
i d) abe mir babeu b a be i d) ? babeu mir ?
bu ba it ibr babt bi b ?
b bt i b
‘
a t u a r ?

er bat iie babeu bat e r ?

bab e n ii e ?

F o r mal : @ ie babeu . F o r ma l :
b abeu @ te ?

11 . A ccusa ti v e F or m s . 1 . T he d i r e c t ob e j ct i s put i n the

a cc usa t i v e ,
wh ic h ha s the sa me fo r m as the n o m na i tiv e ,
ex e p c t
i n the m a s c uli ne i
s n gu a l r .

2. O b se rv e the fo ll o w i ng fo r m s o f the m a sc u li ne s i n gu l a r
acc usa t i v e and of the no m i na tiv e a n d a cc usa ti v e pl ura l o f a l l

g en d e r s
S i ng . be u eiu ea feiu eu
P /u r . bi e feiu e

12 . R epeti t i on .

Q er EDiauu uub bi e gr au . T he m a n a nd wo m an .

fDie Seber uub bie I inte . The p e n a nd ink .

Sfi eiu SBater uub mei ne SUiutter . M y fa t he r an d m o t he r .

O BSERVE : T he a rti cl e , posse ss iv e a dj ectiv e ,

e tc .
,
m us t b e re »

pea ted b e fo r e ea ch n o un in the s i n gul a r .

13 . Th e Compa r ati v e Degree .

1311 bi it l l eiuer al § i d) . Y ou a re sm a ll er t ha n I .

fi t gebt io id mell mie i d) . He w a lk s a s q u ic kly as I .

fi t i it ii l ter al é ieiu He i s o l d e r t ha n hi s fr i e nd .

O BSERV E : 1 . M o st ad e j ct i v es a nd ad v er bs fo r m the c om

pa ra tiv e by a d d ngi — er to the st e m of the po s i t i v e .

T ha n a ft e r c o mpa r a t i v e s
‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ‘
2 . al é ; as as or so
‘
as
’
in mi c .

3 . M any m o no syll ab i c adj e ctiv es a nd a d v e r b s wi t h st e m v o w el

a, o, a ha v e u m l a u t (i
, 6 ii r espe ctiv ely ) in the c o m pa r a t i v e
, , , .
10 G ER MA N GR AM MA R 13

4 . T he noun a f e t r al é has the sa m e c ase as t ha t w hi c h pre

c ed es .

N O T E —A dj ec tiv s w it h
. e u m au l t i n c om
pa a e r tiv a re r m a ke d b y in
th e vo ca b ul ari es ; see a l so v o c a b l i
u a r es a n d L e sso n X X X X I fo r e gu a irr l r
co m pa r o n is .

E X E RCISE IV

al é , t ha n . bie buppeu
i
,
the d o ll s .

imerfiam, tt en t i v e r ei n cl ea n
'
au a .
,
.

ber 58 l ei itiit the pe n c i l ,

. be1 © dj t eibtiidj , the
‘ ‘

w r i t i ng
bie Qi l ume the fl o w e r ,
. d esk , w r i t i ng-t ab l e .

bie QSii cber the b o o k s ,

. bub ® dj ul bau§ , the s c ho o l
br ei t hr e e
,
. ho use .

baé Seuiter the w i nd o w ,

. bie C ‘
Etbul itube, the s c ho o l
bie Seuiter the w i n d o w s ,
. r o om .

bad 3 l eiid) the m ea t bet C

‘
Z tocf, the c a n e, stick
‘
. .
,

i ig g ty
ii u i fi f ,
. bie Z afel , the b l a ck b o a r d .

baé th e m o n ey . bie 3 111 , the d o o r .

bet 3 1111 96 the b o y ,

. b i el e, m an y .

bie fi reibe the c ha lk , . mie ? b o w ?

mari e M a ry
'
,
. bub g i mmer ,
the room .

uur o n ly bie g i mmer the r o o ms

'

. .
, ,

bie ‘Buppe the d o ll ,

.
311, to o .

A . C o n t i nue the fo ll o w i ng
( QBel dmt see E x erc i se I I I) : 1 .

23 a ll b abe id)
? mel d) ea é
B a l l bi
a t bu ? 2c 2
S d) babe fei nen . .

5Bl ei itiit 3 QBel d) e §Bii d) er babe i d) ? 4 g abe i d) a i d) t i bre

. . .

Qi ii d) er ? 5 S d) babe l eiue Sil i eiier 6 S d) babe beu ©tod

. . . .

BSupply the p r o pe r fo r m o f ber, eiu, i ein,

. or of a po s
se ssiv e a dj e ct i v e i n the fo ll o w i n
g 1
j
S at i
S l i arie . 58 l ume ?
2 . QBer b at l li eiier
E ( s i ng
)? 3 .

g abe id) éBud) ?

4 Q i
. ut S bu Q
S ab eu mir Gj art eu ?
ebe r? 5 . 6.
g abt
ibr (bi el b ? 7 éj abeu @ ie Z iute ? 8 . .
g uub
b S i)
a t l ei d 9 S g b
u u e at . E
B a ll 10
. . .
Md b f

d) eu bat B pp
‘ u e 1 x
g a t es B
‘
u pp e ? . .
 13 ] L ES SO N IV 1 1

C na ier © cbul baué i ii groig unb idj on

. 1 . 2 66 bat . .

b iel e 3 irumer uub Seniter 3 ib i e S i mmer ita b groig . . .

C 5 ie babeu Seuiter 5 na ier S i mmer bat uur eiu Seuiter

f
4. . . .

Daé
6 S
.
Seuiter i it groig aber eé i it ui d) t immer reiu 7 g i er , . .

tit uuier e r er 8 % a6 bat er ? 9 (Sr bat ei nen g rbreib

. . .

tiid) Io
. (Er bat and) ei ne Seber uub Z iute
. 1 1 Q eiue . .

©d) ul er babeu aud) Seber uub l iute ll niere C

(
1 2 5 d)ul itube . .
f

b at ei ne E ai el 13 b
T i e Ea iel i it id ) 1u ar3 . 14 i B i e b i el e . . .

© cbti l er bat S bre ® d) ul e ? bat iuuigig 6d) ii l er

’

16 ©iub b C
. i e 5 d)
<
ii l e r a i
u tu er l iaut ? 1 7 6 ie iinb a i d) t i mmer .

auimerl iam 18 uuiere e rer babeu fi reibe

. . 1
9 ib aé . .

S ieu te r i it f l eiu er a l e bi e Q ii r 20 ® er e r er i it al ter al e . .

i eiue g d fl i l er 21 fDie © d) itter iinb a i d) t io l l ug mie i br

. .

Sebrer .

D . O ral ex e rc i se o n the a bo e v .

E . 1 . O ur t eac he r has a c hai r an d w r i t i ng d esk - . 2 . H as

he l c ane ? 3 N o he has n o c an e 4 T he pupi l s hav e
a so a .
, . .

t hei r b oo ks 5 H a v e yo u y o u r b o o k s ? 6 Y e s b ut I ha v e
. . .
,

n o p en c i l 7 M a ry ha s m y p en ci l a n d pen
. . 8 W hic h d o ll . .

hav e the gi rl s ? 9 T he y ha v e n o d o ll 19 H o w m an y
. . .

t ea c he r s ha s y o ur sc ho o l ? 1 1 I t ha s t hr ee t e a c her s . .

1 2 .H av e t he y m a ny pu pil s ? 1 3 Y es t he y ha v e fi fty pupi l s .

,
.

14 .A re t hei r pupi l s a tt e n t i v e ? 1 5 N o n o t a l wa y s 1 6 H as .
, . .

y o u r t ea c he r her pen o r penc i l ? 1 7 N o b ut she ha s her .

,

c halk 1 8 H a s y o ur s i st er a d o ll ? 1 9 N o she ha s no d oll ;

. . .
,

she i s to o b ig 20 She i s t a ll e r t han her b r o t he r

. . .

F . Seieitii d
Q ia Q inbeeberg ioll iein QBie ber g biegel io mabr,
i fi ie bie Qil ie io rein, QBie ber Q uell io iriid) ,

QBie ber Z au ia fl at , St ub lvie bie SBbgl eia iru 65e

bii id) .

g bridpb brter (pro v e rb s)

G éBeiiet i pat al b nie Gt
‘
. I . . 2 .

mae i it beiier al e gar nid) te 3 . .

g ei t iit ©el b .
4 . Ga be gut,
all ee gut .
1 2 G ER MA N GR AM MA R r4

L E S S ON V

Pr es ent I nd i ca t i v e of macben, to ma k e .

I m a k e , a m m aki ng, d o m ake , e tc . A m I m aki ng ? d o I m ak e ? e tc .

i d) macbe tuir mac eu b mad) e id) ? mad) en tuir ?

bu mad) it ibr madi t ui a djit bu ? w arbt i br ?

er mad) t ite marbcu mad) t er ? mad) eu iie ?
For mal © ie ui ad) eu Fo r ma l macbeu G
Eie ?
‘

: . :

E XA MPL ES .

“
d
8 ) m ad) e eitt e B ubbe . I am ma k i ng a d o ll .

®b i el en f i e Qi a ll ? Do t he y pl a y b a ll ?
IBir l i eben unier en SBater
S . We l o v e o ur fa t he r .

$ 11 arbei tei t . Y o u a re wo rk i ng .

m egnet eé ? IS i t r a i ni ng ?

O BSERV E : 1 . T he r e i li a ry fo r ms i n G e r m an c o r
a re no aux

r espo nd i ng to the E ngli sh I a m m aki ng Do es he pl a y ? e tc ,

’ ’
.

2 . M o st v e r b s fo r m the pr es en t i nd ic a tiv e lik e mad) eu but ,

h
w he n t e i n fi ni t i v e s t e rn e n d s i n —t or — b o r c o n so na n t s a ft e r ,

w hi c h 1 c a nno t b e pr on o un c ed the se c o n d si ngul a r end s i n —

, eit ,

a n d the t hi r d s i ngul a r a nd the se c o n d pl ur a l i n — ci .

I mper at i v e of mad) eu .

mad) e (bu) m a k e ( t ho u)
,
. mad) t ( ibr) m ak e (ye) , .

F o r ma l : mad) eu ©ie ,
m ak e .

1 6 A dj ect i v e
. as A d v er b . M o st ad ej ct i v es m ay b e used

ad v e rb s w i t ho ut c ha nge

gut, go o d ,
w e ll .
id m
u b e a
,
u t i ful ( y)
-I .

il ei igig, d il i ge n t ( l y) -
. augenebm, a gr ee a b l e(-l y) .
1 4 G ER MA N GR AM MA R I6

c
a
rbineiter iebr id) on ; iie iingt ein Qieb 1 8 © piel en
itngt . .

to te fi l ab ier Sr au 9 S d) ipiel e ein toeni g aber

'
1 .
, ,

a i d) t iebr gut 2o SJi eine §Bruber ra ud) en oit ei nen ©pa5ier

. . :

g gan 2 1 . Sw ad ) en @ i e
.
g er n e i n en S p a i
g g g
er a n ? 22
Sa .
,

i d) mad) e iebr ger n ei nen ©pa3iergang .

C A nsw e r in G er m a n : 1 filter l obt bie © d) ul er ?

. 2 Qet nit . .
‘

bu ger n Q arl ? 3 e bei tet i br fl ei fiig Q inber ? 4 i Ber

,
.
, .

i)d r e ibt ?
5 S
IB a é i)
d r eibt er .? 6 Q B er ip i el t ?
7 QBas . .

ib i el en f ie ? 8 ® bi el en g ie fi l a b i er
.
?
9 Qernen S te ger n .

gb b
l i g
S i
i) ? b ? Q B i
'

Q e u t d e r d t e e re r n 1 1 er i gn t ? .

1 2 .QSaS iingt ii e ? 1 3 m eguet eé ober r egnet ea ni d) t? .

,

D 1 We are l ear ni ng Ge r man

.

. . 2 I lik e to l e arn G erma n . . .

3 D o yo u l i k e to l e a r n G er m a n ?
.
4 C ha rl es l i k e s to l ear n .

G er m an 5 M a ry w o rk s d i li ge n tly
. . 6 H er b r o t her l ea r n s . .

v e ry q ui ckly 7 H e l ea r ns m o r e qui ckly t han I 8 O ur

. . . .

t ea c her i s t ell i ng a st o ry 9 T he t e ac her t ea c hes a nd the . .

pupi l s l e a rn 10 Do pupi l s a l wa y s l i k e to l ea r n ? 1 1 C ha rl es
. . .

i s no t so cl ev er as M a ry 1 2 W ha t are yo u w r iti ng M a ry ? . .
,

13 I a m w r i ti ng a l e tt e r
. 1 4 Pl ea se si ng a so ng M rs Sc hafe r . .
, . .

1 5 .Do n o t pl a y m y c hi l d ; wri t e a n ex erc i s e ,

1 6 M y fa t he r . .

a n d m o t her are t a k i n g a w a lk 1 7 D o t he y o ft en t a k e a w a lk ? . .

1 8 O ur ho u s e i s l a rge r t ha n t he i r ho use
. 19 O ur ga r d en i s . .

s m a ll e r t ha n t he i r ga r d e n .

L E SSON V I
R e v i ew L esso ns I —V .

EX E RCIS E V I

angene nt, b pl easa n t , r

ag eea b e l .
b fi ei ,
ho t .

brattcbett, to use, w a n t ,
n ee d .
bell b r i ght
,
.

bunfel , d a rk . ber g i mmel hea v en , ,

baa C b o h ea r
<
yeuer, fi re . bren t ,
.

baé ©1 11 6, gra ss .
iegt no w ,
.

beftig, v i o l e nt fur g et sho rt

u ‘

. .
, ,
 I 6] L ESSON v 1 1 5

l ung, er, l o ng
“
. bet
‘

megen r ,
a n i .

l egen, to l ay .
i )
d einen ,
s hi n e .

bie Quit, a ir . ber © d) nee, sno w .

muncbmul , fr e q uen tly . bie @ onne, sun .

mebr m o r e ,
. ber g taub, d ust .

bie mad fi ,
n i ght . ber z ag, d ay .

tr ud en, d ry
“
naig, er, w et . .

a i d) t mebr no l o nger ,
. wi eber , aga i n .

ber S ien s t o v e ,
.

AQBir baben j en
. 1t 6 0 mmer
. 2 Q er i ag tit l anger . .

unb bie m ad fi i it l a r ger 3 Q ie Quit i it oit iebr bei ig . . .

4 i Bir baben mandj rnal S

. Regen 5 iDer bi egen i it iebr . .

angenebrn 6 S r macbt bars (b i raé nab unb l egt ben @ taub

‘

. . .

r egnet j ebt beitig ; i d) bor e es 8 © ie © 0 nne id) eint

''

7 . . .

a i d) t ntebr 9 b
f e r g i mm .el i it b un te.l Io Q ie S onne . .

id) eint iebt wi eber bel l unb inad) t baé o w e trod en 1 1 SlBir . .

b a b en ibe t fei ne n 6 d) n e e 1 2 SJi a b

c en © i e fei n Seuer . . .

13 QBir braud) en iebt tei n Sener

. 14 QBir braud) en unier en . .

D ien nid) t ni ebr .

B O r a l : 1 S it eé iebt wi nter ?
. . 2
S it ber I ug bur ger .

abé bie S l i acbt ? 3 Si t b i e Eli a d) it n l un g tu i e b

. er f
l ag
?

S
R ?
j
S i b i d b E
li Si i b ?
’

4 . egn e t e6 5 b rt r a ) t e n eg en . n e r ,

6 S .
Regnet ed bi er b it ? 7 Q a b e n t u ir g d mee ? 8 S it bub . .
'

(Si r ae nais? 9 tj aben é ie ei nen S ien ? I O QSraucben tuir . .

j § S
e t t et te r ? r

C C o nti nu e : 1 S d) babe fei nen S ien bu S di

‘

. . 2 , ,
.

bor a i d) t ben Si 3 S d) bin nid) t mobl 4 l i raud w i d)

g
e egne . . . .

i ein Seuer ?
D 1 I t i s n o w w i nt e r
. . 2 T he d ay is sho rt e r t ha n the . .

n i ght 3 The ai r is c o l d e r
. .
4 We need a st o ve 5 We . . . .

n e ed a l so a fi re 6 We hav e n o fi re .
7 O ur r oo m is q ui t e
. . .

c o l d 8 We hav e sno w 9 T he sno w is w hi t e and cl ea n

. . . . .

10 T he a ir i s o ft en v e ry c o l d b u t i t is pl easan t a nd b r i ght
.
, .
16 GE R M AN GR AM M A R [5 1 7

1 1 M y ro o m ha s a st o v e 1 2 I use
. . . the t v e v e ry
s o t
o f en .

1 3 C ha rl es a nd M a ry n ee d a st o v e
. . 1 4 . T he i r r o o m is no t

v ery w a r m 1 5 Pl ease m ak e a fi r e
. . .

E . 8eieitud :

S d) l i ebe bie EBl uni en id) l i ebe bab ©pi el , ,

S d) l i ebe bie SBogel id) l i ebe gar b i el

'’

, ,

Die (i rbe, ben Sj irnrnel , bie g onne, ben S ter n,

C
S d) l i ebe bab all eb, ob nab ober fer n
’
.

L E S S ON V II

Decl ens i on of Defi ni te A rt i cl e .

SIN GU LAR . PLU RAL .

A l l G en der s .

bab bie, the

beb ber, o f the
‘

bem ben, (to , fo r) the

bub bie, the

18 . U s e of t he Ca s es .

Shi er i it ba ? r SlJi ann i it ba Who i s t he r e ? T he m an is

b
fi e .

t he r e .

IB ii
‘ e en
Q3 ) b
ttd ut e r ? W ho se b o o k has he ?
fiBud) beb © d) ttl erb H e ha s the pupil s b o o k
C b b
’
i r u t u b . .

QBem fibi cft e bu b q cb ? T o w ho m d o es he send the

‘

bo ok ?
Gr id) id t bent e r er bub 23nd) H e se nd s the t e a c he r the b o o k
'

. .

wn Dl i
e [ b i e ? © i e l ob t be tt W h o m d o e s s h e p r a i s e ? She
g tbti l et p ra i ses the pupil
'
'

. .

fi b ub buben g it ? S ) b
d a be W h a t ha v e yo u ? I h a v e the

bi e Seber .
pe n .

J B S E RV E : 1 . T he i
no m n a ti ve i s the sub e j ct , a nd an sw e s r the

q uesti o n w ho ? ( mer w ha ? t ( tuab

’ ‘ ’
or
 ] L E S SO N V I I 1
20
7

2 T he ge n i tiv e
. c o rr espo nd s to the E ngl i sh po ssessiv e o r
o bj e cti v e w i t h of , a nd a n sw e r s the q u es ti o n w ho s e ? of
’

w ho m ? o f w ha t ? ( Iveiien
’ ’

T h e d a tiv e i s the i nd ir ect o bj e ct a nd a nsw e r s the

3 .
q ue s ,

ti o n to w ho m ? ( went
‘ ’

4 T he a cc usat i v e i s the d i r ect o bj ect a n d a nsw er s the

.
,

quest i o n w ho m ? ( men o r w ha t ? ( mub

NO T E S 1 A n y o f t h ese as
. . e c ept the n o m i n tive m y b e
g c es, x a , a ov

e rn ed b y pr ep iti o n
a os .

2 I t i i m p t nt t r m m b r th t s m
. s or a rb w h i c h e tra n iti e i n
o e e e a o e ve s ar s v

E ngli h g o rns d tiv e nl y i G erm n

ve a i n d i at d i n th o b ul ri s
a o n a , as c e e v ca a e .

19 Cont r a cti on T he pr e po si ti o ns an, o n, a t, i n, i n, non,

’ ‘ ’
. .

fr o m , to , a re c o n tr a ct e d wi t h the un e m phasi z e d
’ ’
o f,
‘ ’ ‘ ‘
511,
d efi n i t e a rt i cl e as fo ll o w s

an bern am in bern i tn oon betn b out

511 bei n ati m 311 ber gar

20 . Ca s e For m s of Noun s . . 1 . M o st m a sc ul i n e a nd n eu e t r
n o u ns ha v e the gen i t i v e si n gul a r i n - b o r —e§ the d a tiv e i
s ngu

l ar is o ft en , a n d the a cc usa ti v e u sua lly , the sa me a s the no m i

na tiv e b ut m a sc uli n e a n d ne u e t r m o no syll a b l es usu a lly add -
e

i n the d a tiv e i
s n gu a l r .

2 . r e ma i n un c ha nged in the si ngul ar

F e m in in e s ,
a nd m o st
o f t he m ha v e
—u o r —eu t hr o u ho ut the l ur a l
g p .

3 T he no m i na ti v e g en i tiv e and a cc usa t i v e pl ur a l

.
, , a re a l wa y s
a l i k e a nd t
,
he d a ti v e e n d s i n — 11 .

E XERCIS E V II

utt f( fi a t) ,
o n , u po n .
f ur (a m ) ,
fo r .

ber SBaunt, t ree .

ber (inurtner, ga r d e n e r .

befommen, r ec e iv e to ge t, . bub (Si emti ie (s i ng . on ly ) ,

bie Q3l 11111 e11 fl o we r s ,

. v ege t ab l es .

bet QB Iumeufobl c auli fl o we r em b a b en to be fo n d o f, lik e

‘

,
.
g ,
.

br i ngen to b ri ng ,
. in (d o t) i n ,
.

banten (fl a t ) to t ha n k ,
. ber Q obl c a bb a g e ,
.
 1 3 GE R MAN GR AM MA R 20

bie fi ncbe, k i tc hen ber Etfd) t a b l e .

,
.

mit ( d a rt ) w i t h unter ( d a d ) und e r

, .
, .

ber Si arbbar n ei ghb o ur uito (unb io roeiter) e tc

,
. .
, .
,
a nd

s o fo rt h
nud) S j i
au e h ome ,
. .

pi l un g en to pl a n t ,
b a b Q B ei l d nn the vi o l e t .
, .

pil ii d en to pi ck pl uck ,
bie SBeil d) en the v i o l et s ,
.
, .

bie iii oien r o se s oerfuuien to sell

,
.
,
.

i)
d e n fen to g iv e a s a p r ese n t)
( ,
b i e l m uc h .
,
.

ib
e i f
c eu to se n d , 111 3
1 111 ? ( t o fo r
) ho m ?
w .
,

bie S tabt t o w n c i ty toobnen to d w ell l i v e

, ,
.
, ,
.

itebett to st and , 311 ( d art ) to .

,
.

A . Co n t i nu e
ll i : 1 S d) id) ea te bent Sebt et bub the fo o w ng .
‘ ‘

58 nd) bu 2c 2
S ) b
,d a be ben éB l ei iti
, i t ber e rin 3 S d)
re . . . .

bin ber @ d) ii l er beb bebrerb 4 S d) ergii bl e ben Q inbern bub . .

EDl ii rcben 5 S d) ar bei te int (S i arten. . .

B 1 © ub i ii ber ®ur ten beb bi ad) burb 2 Qb ir ipiel en

m
. . . .

©urt€it beb
y

o it int at b 3 QBir baben aucb ej negi (Siarten

'

. . .

4 .
ll i ein SBater arbei tet rni t bent (S
E j ii rtner int (batt en .
5 . l l i ein
fi
Eater pil angt jest Qi l uni en 6 fib er (S j artner pil angt bub
'

. .

S emii ie 7 € te pilangen and) ben Si obl unb ben S l umenfobl

'

. . .

U
3 SE ein fli ater pil angt oiel e 23lurnen : Si oien, fli ei l d) en, uito
. .

? Q ub Si inb beb (Sj urtnerb i it aneb irn 65ur ten 1 0 6b ipiel t

'

. .

i nter bent S aume Qb i r pil ii d en oit Qi l unt en iiir ni eine

“
1 1 . .

mut ter 1 2 ©te but Qi l uinen iebr ger n 1 3 (S te bruud) t

. . .

l ie éBl uni en iii r ben I i icb unb bub ®en1uie iii r bie Si ii d) e ‘
.

14 9Ji ei ne Z ante moba t in ber e rabt

. 15 © te bat fei nen . .

Gar ten r6 S Ji utter id) id t rneiner ( da m) Z ante oit 58 lurnen

. .
.

1 Qi ater bri ngt bub (Semii ie gur C

7 .
i tubt 1 8 . .
Gr oerfau t i
b iel ©ernuie i n ber Q tubt unb br i ngt bub (55e nad) t auie j .

1 9 .
Gr befoni rnt oiel (5) e i ii r ieta (Siemii ie . 2o .
Ibir id) enfen
s

bent e r er unb ber 53 ebrerin oit QSl ui nen . 2 1 . iDie Qi l unt en

iteben aui bent C5 d) reibtiirb ber 8ebrerin

f
. 2 2 . (Die e rerin

baul t ben ©d) ii l ern .

§ zo ] L E SSON V I I 1
9

C . A nsw er i n G er ma n QBeiien ®ar ten i it bub ? 2 fib er : 1 . .

l it im (Sj arten ? 3 mi t toern ar bei tet er ? 4 QBel d) eb

E . .

(i m ii i pi gl b (Sj u ? fib r pil b i 2 3l ?
’

S e e u n t e r r tn er 5 e a n gt e un 1 en .

6 flb el e E
.
B l um
i ne n pi g
l a n t e r ?
7 i Be ii e n Q i nb i it in t 6 5a r ten ? .

8 Qb o ipiel t eb ?
.
9 fib er pil ii d t S l umen ? 10
Sti r toen
. .

i i n b ii e ? 1 1 éB ra u d n it e 5
2
.
3 tun 1 en i ii r bie fi ud j e ? 1 2 28 0 .

tnobnt S bre Eante ? 13 Ib eni id) id t S bre M utter bie

S .

iBl unren ? 14 28 0 b erfuuit S br QSater bub ©e1nuie ?

.

5 18 i b n
1 £ 0
. te e b ie 58 l un 1 e n ?

D . Supply
rti cl e i n the b l ank s pa c e s :
an a 1 .

© dj iil erb i it bii bid) 2

{j aben © ie . . 58 nd)

Sr au ? 3 S ) b
d ab e a i.d) t B ppe
‘ u
Sm ubd nnb .

6d) enfen © ie D nl el 58 nd) 5 g tebt

‘

4 . . .

Z iid) in g i mmer ? 6 .
Seber l i egt aui
i d nei btiid)
G Sebrerb .
7 . 2330 i it SBl ei itiit
Sebrerin ?
E . 1 . T ha t i s We w o rk o ft en i n the ga r d en
o ur ga r d e n . 2 . .

3 T he c hil d r e n lik e to pl a y i n the ga r d en

.
4 T hey pl a y w it h . .

the n e i ghb o ur s c hil d r e n h a r d e n e r i s w o rki ng i n the

’

5 T e g . .

ga r d e n 6 H e i s pl a n t i ng the fl o w er s
. .
7 F a t he r i s pl an t i ng . .

the v e ge t a b l e s 8 W hi c h v ege t ab l e s i s he pl a n ti ng ?
. .
9 He .

i s pl a nti ng the c a b b age a n d c auli fl o w e r IO A re yo u fo nd o f . .

fl o w er s ? 1 1 Y e s I a m v e ry fo nd o f fl o we r s 1 2 T o w ho m
.
, . .

d o es y o ur m o t her s end fl o w e r s ? 13 She s end s fl o w e r s to m y .

( mei ner ) a un t 1 4 M y aun t l i v es ih the ci ty b ut s he has n o

. .
,

ga r d e n 15 We n eed the fl o wer s fo r the t ab l e a n d the v ege

. .

ta bl es fo r the k i tc he n 1 6 T he fl o w er s o n the t eac he r s t a b l e . .

’

a re v e ry
pr e tty 1 7 M y mo t her send s the t ea c her f ) v i o l e t s
. . . .

18 Se nd the t ea c her the vi o l e t s

. .

F . Qeieitud
Gb regnet (Sj ott iegnet
‘

b en boben 58 1 11111 ben fl einen © tr and)

T ,

l l nb all bie tuuienb E

BIuni en and) .

S i riicber SRegen l T S u Gi otteb 6 egen !

7 0 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 21

L E S S O N V I II

Pr esent I nd i cat i v e of tun, to do .

I d o, I am d o i ng, e tc .

i d) tue ruir tun

bu tuit i br tut
er tut iie tun
Fo r ma l : ©ie 11111 .

22 . I nfi ni ti v e afte r V erb s .

S d) manid) e §Ball 511 inicl en I

,
. i l y ba ll
w sh to p a .

Q i © i = ha v e a m i nd (w a n t w i sh) to
3 d) babe uit e nen p5
a er I, ,

gang 311 mad) en . t ak e a w a lk .

O BS ERV E M a ny v e r b s a nd
: 1 . n o uns t a k e a n i nfi n i t i v e w i t h

311 to c o m pl e t e t h e i r m ea n i ng .

2 Thi s i nfi ni t i v e c o m es a t the
. e nd of i ts cl ause ,
whi h i s
c
pr ec e d e d b y a c o m m a i n G e r m a n .

23 . A ccus a t i v e P er s ona l P r onouns .

D
r
e so n a l
pr o n o uns ha v e the fo ll o w i ng fo r m s i n the a cc usa
t iv e , a n d a gr ee in gen d e r a nd numb e r wi t h the a n t e c e d e n t

r st P ars . mid) m e ,
. unb, us .

2d P ar s . bid) , t hee , yo u . eucb yo u,

.

3 d P ars . i bn, hi m , i t ; iie, her, it ; eb , it .

iie t hem
,
.

Fo r mal a nd P l u r ©te, yo u
'

S z ng
‘
. . .

E XAM PLES .

8 0 5 1 er ntid) (unb) ?
'
D o es he pr a i se m e (us) ?
61 Iobt Gi e . H e pr a i ses yo u .

$ i1
1 1 i e be n {B t © ie bat ibn
u i l } . H as s he the b a ll ? She has it .

Q u t e r b ie bi oie ? (i t but iie . H as he the r o se ? H e ha s it.

22 GE R MA N GRA M MA R 24

Si inber beb Sliad) barb iinb urtig unb to ir

ipiel en ger n tnit ibnen
'

10 .fibir ibiel en a i d) t ger n tnit bir ; bu bi it unar ti g 1 1 fib er . .

(bartner bri ngt bub ®e1nii ie gur ©tabt unb b erfauit eb ba .

1 2 .Gr oerfauit nt ir uiel (b ent ii ie 13 fii erfauit er end) and) . .

bi ent ii ie ? 1 4 fib ub id) ea l en ® te bent S.

mabd nn ? 1 5 fib ir .

ibc e n fe n i b n t e i n e S u pp e 1 6
S d) babe ba it ei nen ®ba3i er
. .
,
z

gang rnit S bnen gu mad) en S d) bbre ei nen bdrm ; bor en

‘

1 7 . .

© ie i bn and) ? 1 8 fiSeiud) en S ie S bre Sreunbe oft? 1 9 S a

. .
,

ruir beiud) en ii e oit 20

S d) babe i eine ba it fiSeiucbe gu
. .
,

mad) en 2 1 S d) tnunid) e ei nen E

. .
Bri ef 3a id) rei ben ; roer but
ra ci ne Seber ? 22 fi arl but iie . 23 fib o i it taei n sban i er ? . .

24 .
S d) babe eb bi er .

3 A nsw e r i n G e r m a n
. 1 fib er bat rneinen fiSl ei itiit? .

pat er and) ra ci ne Seber ? 3 S bren ©ie ben bdrm ?

‘
O
R s .

5 ©piel t i br ger n rni t mir ?

’
P- fib en l i ebit bu ntein fi inb ? ,
.

O fib er pil angt bab (Sj etnii ie ? 7 fib o oerl uuit er bie éBl urnen ? .

O
C
g a b e n © i e Q u it e i n e n g p a g i er
, g u n g m it unb 3a mad) en ?

9 . fi b u b i) i
d e n t t b u b e tn g
Ji a d ) b ar ? 10 fib u b i) i
d e n l t b u n t i r ? .

1 1 . © 1bi d en © ie ber Sruu fii lunt en ? 1 2 bobt ber bebrer .

i e in e g d fl l l er ? 1 3 fib a b er g i b l t
. eu d) b i e b e b r e rin ? 14 fib ab .

i )
d t b i E D E tt b Si i b ? fib ab id) enft S bnen
‘

n t u er e n n e r n 15
'

e e .

1 6 fib ent enl t iie ben S ail ?

Sb fiJ i ? i d fi b ‘
re u tt e r ) . 1 7 ab tut .

b (b
er u r t n e r ? 1 8 fib a b t u t . i b r fi in b er ? 1
9 fib ub tun ©ie , .
,

53m fii raun ?
C 1 . W ha t d o yo u w i sh to d o ? 2 I w i sh to vi si t m y
. .

fr i en d I l i k v i s i t hi m T h a r d e ne r s c hi l d r en
’

3 . e .to 4 e g . .

w i sh to pl a y w i t h us 5 W e d o n o t w a n t to pl a y w i t h t he m
. . .

6 We l i k e to pl a y w i t h yo u C ha rl e s
.
7 O ur n e i ghb o ur g i v es
,
. .

u s fl o we r s 8 H i s ga r d e n e r b r i ngs t he m to us
. .
9 We t ha nk . .

hi m fo r his fl o w e r s D o es he b r i ng yo u a l so fl o we r s ?
‘

10 . .

T he gard e ne r sel ls his v eget a b l es he sell s t he m i n the c i ty

'

1 1 . .

1 2 We d o n o t pr a i s e yo u ; yo u are no t a tt e nt i v e 1 3 Why
. . .

d o yo u n o t l ea r n y o ur l esso n ? 14 I a m l ea r n i ng i t no w . .

y ur b oo k ? 1 6 Y es nee d i t ; l
'

1
5 D .o y o u n ee d o I p e a se .
,
§ 5] L E S SO N I X 2
2
3

b ri ng it to me . 1 7 . D o yo u hea r m e ? 1 8 . Y es, I hea r yo u

q ui t e w ell .

D . beieitud
fil m Sj aub tit ein O arten, © a rui id) unb iing 1d),
’

29 a bin i d) io ger n ! C1
5 0 l aut eb nur gebt
59 a bitoi i d) unb inri ng i d) S m (b at ten, im (b at ten,
’ ’

11m fii uum unb um fii eet ; 59 a bin i d) io gern !

L E SSON IX

meta Mod el and P oss es s i v e A dj ecti v es .

SIN GU LAR . PLU RA L .

M me . F em . A ll G en ders .

N . mei n mei n e rnein rnein e, my

G . mein eb mei ner meineb mei n er o f my ,

D . mei n em mein er mei n em mei n en, ( to fo r) m y ,

A . mei n en mei n e mei n mei n e my ,

R EMAR KS : 1 . Thus a re d ecli n e d the po sse ssi v e ad e j ct i v es

mei n, m y .
iein his , ,
its . unier, o ur .
Sb y o ur r, .

beitt, thy . ibr her , ,

i ts, t hei r . eue r y o ur
,
.

A l so, t ttt, a, o n e
( i
s ng . on ly ) i ein, n o , no t an
y .

N OT E .
— 11nier usually d ro ps e b e fo re fin a l —111 o r - 11
( unierm , uniern) .

2 . Obse rv e the c o rr espo nd enc e b e t w e en the pr o noun o f ad

d r ess a nd the po ssessi v e

5311 l et nit beine fil ttfgabe . Y ou l ea r n yo ur l esso n .

S br l ernt eur e ?Ittfgabe . Y o u l ea r n y o u r l esso n .

S ic l er nen Sbre fil ufgabe . Y o u l ea r n y o u r l e sso n .

3 . O b serv e c o rr e spo n d e l
n c
a so e fo r th e t h
thei r d p e r so n ,

e spec i a lly fo r ein a n d i br o f i na n i m a t e o bj e ct s

i ,

® i8 23l 11111 e b erl ierti bre gur be T he fl o w er l o ses i ts c o l o ur . .

Q ab Gr ab b erl iert ieine Sar be T he gr a ss l o ses i ts c o l o ur . .

(b ie but i bren S j ut S h e ha s he r ha t
. .
24 GER MA N GR A M MA R 25

4 . t e r m i na t i o n o f the po ssessi v e a dj ectiv e d epen d s o n

T he
the gen d e r nu m b e r a n d c a se o f the n o un i t q ua l i fi e s ( the
, ,

t hi ng po ssessed ) the st e m d epend s o n the ge nd er a nd nu m

b er o f the n o un o r p r o n o un to whi c h i t r e fe r s ( the po ss esso r ) ,

as i n the exa m pl es ab o v e .

NO TE . The t d i m i nuti e bub Smabd wtt th g irl t a kes the p r

neu . v ,
‘
e ,
’
e s.

pr on . and po ss . adj r f r i g t it i n t he f m un l
. e e r n o h il d i m ea nt : e e ss a c s

fil a b Eb l ii bcben li ebt i hre ibl ntter ; iie li ebt ii e T he girl l ves her
“
,
o

m o t her ; she l o v es he r
’
.

E X E R C IS E IX

bub fii ubegimmer, b a t h-r o o m .

ii ben to sit ,
.

Bett, b e d
bub E .
fortit el se o r el se
,
t her wi se
, ,
o .

br ennen, to b u r n . bab S peiiegimmer d i ni ng ,

b fib d) id)
e r ii e r ra n l ,
b o o k -ca se . roo m .

ii
e ett, to ea t . ber ©pi egel ,
m i rr o r .

ffinl ,
fiv e . bab g tubiergimmer, t
s ud y
bub ©eid) e11 i , gi ft , p r es e n t .
( r o o m ) .

b b
l i usua lly , g en e r a lly bie ©titbl e the c ha i r s
’

getnb n c ,
.
,
.

bub Sj aub , ho use .

i111be11 to l o o k fo r see k
, , .

114 A , b e hi n d b i er fo ur
b inter ( ) .
,
.

l iegett, to l i e, b e si t ua t e d , b e . bub fib obngimmer si tt i ng ,

neben (d en t), n ea r, b esi d e . ro o m .

iebl ufett, to sl ee p .
gb
e u ten ,
.

bub G Z d flaigimmer, b ed -r o o m .

A . C o n t i n ue i ncl ud i ng all fo r ms o f the t hi r d

the fo o w ng, ll i
per so n : 1 S d) iud) e mei nen fii l ei iti it bu
. bei nen 21 ,
.

2
S d) id) icfe mei nem fiSruber ein (Bj eid) enr t e 3 S d) id) ea te
.
,
. .

mei ner é dnneiter cine gbuppe 4 S d) br aud) e mei n 58 nd)

”
. .

(meine E Bti d) er) a i d) t 5 S d) beiud) e ben Sreunb meineb . .

fii ruberb (mei ner C 5 d) tneiter) 6 S d) iud) e bub S j u u

1
b m ei n er . .

Sreunbe 7 S d) l i ebe mei ne fil i utter

. . .

B 1 sp ie
. r i b
te t u.
nier j
S a ub 2
Si t e b a i d) b i )
t a b d ? . .

3 S d) mobne im Q uuie mit mei nen fib rii bern unb mei ner
.
 2
5] LESS O N 1x 2
5

g b f
ve ter
er Hit ler SBater unb uniere W
.
4 .
i utter mof men and)
im bj aufe ? 5 unfer Q aub but nur ga m S i mmer unb eine
.

b urbe 6 i b ir fi gea gembbnl i cb im E

. . lb of mgimmer 7 QBir . .

effen im ©peife3immer unb fd flafen in unfer n g d flafgimmern .

8 S
. Dab g tubiergimmer meineb QSaterb i it gr of; unb febbn .

9 . arbeitef iet st in fei nem ©tubier5immer I O ©ei ne . .

éBucber iteben im éBfi é erfcbranf ober Ii egen auf fei nem © cbrei b
d id) 1 1.
g m Slb inter br ennt i mmer ein getter im 3 i mmer
. .

b ab Q aub but fi mf © d flaf5immer 3 m g d fluf

'

1 2 .C 13 . .

g i m m er m ein er S Ji utter ite b en i br fi

b ett u n b b ier G ambl e .

14 .
Die genfter ibreb gimmerb fi a b grofi unb macbeu eb bell
C .

5 S hr G piegel itebt neben bem $eufter 1 6 Dab QSabe

"
1 . . .

g i mm er i ft u e b en b e m C
Z d flu f gim mer me in eb S
B a t
‘
erb 1 7
gm . .

ter bem S j f f
a u e i f ein (b a r te n 1 8
g aben (b ie ouch ei nen . .

© ar ten h in te r 3 m g i
1 m a u e 9

C . A nsw e r i n G e r m a n, i n tro d uc i ng po sse ss i v e fo r m s w he r e

poss i bl e : 1 E lb ab furbt Q arl ?
. 1 36111 {chi cfen ©ie eiu
513
(Siefcbenf ? 3 Qb efieu Qbfi m er braum
. eu @ ie ? 4 QBen be .
:

f b
a r e n © ie ? 5 Si t b u b Sh j r é. a u b ? 6 fib er wohnt in .

S brem g ui de ? 7 QBie b i el e gimmer bat S br g aub ? .

8 2530 ar bei tet S br S

.
j er r Qi a ter ? 9 1
23 0 i f f
t em C5 tu bi er= .
¢

s i mm e r ? 10 23
3 0 ii n b f ei n e. 2 3ii b g
c e r e m b f m fi d) ? 1 1 { Sub .

l i egt fouit auf fei nem © d ueibtifd) ? 1 2 QBab l i egt auf .

Sb re m E i fb
c e ? r3 £8 0 i b
te t be r © .i
p g Sb
e e l re b Bruberb ?
fi
14 .{ Gel di eb gimmer i ff grofg unb hell ? I 5 QBefien G j arten .

i ft bab ? 1 6 18 0 i ft ber ®ar ten beb m. arbbarb ?

D . I . T ha t is m y ho use . 2 . Y o u r ho use i s q ui t e pr etty .

3 . I li ve he r e w i t h m y w i fe c h i l d r e n 4 The a nd o ur tw o . .

si st e r o f my w i fe l i v e s he r e a l so ( al so her e) 5 She i s the . .

a un t o f m
y c hi l d r e n 6 M y h o us e ha s o nly te n r o o m s
. . .

7 The c hi l d r en sl e ep i n a r o o m b esi d e my w i fe s b ed r o o m
’
. .

8 O ur c hi l d r en a re sm all a nd t he y sl e e p i n o ne bed
.
9 In . .

the i r r o o m [t her e] a re a l so tw o c hai r s a nd a t ab l e 1 0 T hei r . .

25 GE RMAN G RA MM AR 26

tab l e s t and s n ea r the w i nd o w 1 1 I w o rk usually in m y s t ud y

. . .

1 2 . M y w i fe l i k e s to si t t he r e b esi d e m e 1 3 O ur c il d re n . .

p l a y i n the ga r d e n b e h i n d the h o us e I4 M y n e i ghb o u r s . .

’

c hil d r e n are pl ayi n g w i t h t hem I 5 W ha t i s the girl d o i ng ?

. .

1 6 . She is pl a yi ng w i t h her d o g 1 7 I s the bo y pl ayi ng w i t h

. .

the d o g ? 1 8 N o he i s pl a yi n g w i t h his b all

.
,
1
9 M y c hi l . .

d r e n lik e to pl a y w it h o ur n e i ghb o u r s c hi l d r e n
’
.

E . befeitii d
Yb ie © onne gebt ga r
150 m ?yelbe tommt bie fi n!)
ll nb bie ©d) uflein ulIgnmaI,
and)

®ia fr ea n fid) id) on anf i hr en g tull

’
.

3 m Qi unm ba fi ngt fei n Qi oget mebr ,

© ie bua fl e Wacbt gi cht fdmell baber

‘

23a1b mir b ber E monb um g i mmel itebu ,

3 d) benf b i ff Sei t 3a 23m 5a gebn !

’
,

©ut m (Sj ut 9i ad) t ! bfnf QBieberfebn !

’
ad) t l
’

L E SS ON X

I mperf ect I nd i ca ti v e of fein a nd baben .

I w a s, e tc . I ha d , e tc .

i d) mar mar en
lair i d)
butte mir batten
bu marft i br mart bu butteft ibr hattet
er mar ii e mur en er batte fie batten
F o r m al : ® ie mur en . F o r ma l : ©ie batten .

27 . I mp erf ect I n di ca ti v e of mad) en, to m ak e .

I m a d e, w a s m a ki ng, d id m a k e, Wa s I m a ki ng ? d i d I ma k e ?
e tc . e tc .

i d) mad) te mir mad) ten mad) re i d) ? mad) ten mir ?

bu mad) teit i br mad) tet mad) teft bu ? mad) tet i br ?
er mad) te fie mad) ten mad) te er ? mad) ten fie ?
F o r ma l : ©ie mad) ten . F o r m al : mad) ten ©ie?
§ 3o ] L ES SON X 2 7

O B SERVE A l a r ge n um b e r o f v er b s (c all ed w ea k 3) fo r m the ‘

i m per fe ct ind ic a tiv e li k e mucben b ut i nfi n i tiv e stem s e nd i ng i n ,

— t —
, b o r c o n so na n t s a ft e r w hi c h t c a nn o t b e p r o n o unc e d in
, ,

s e rt e b e t w ee n st e m a n d e n d i ng ( ar bei tete r egnete , ,

28 . S t r ong I mperf ect s .

g i ngen, to i
s ng . SBIeiben, to r em a i n .
i nn, to d o .

I sa ng, e tc . I r e ma i n e d ,
e tc . I d id , e tc .

i d) fang id) bl i eb id) tut

bn fungj t bn bl ieb ft bn tutft
er fang er bl i eb er tut

mir fangen mir bi ieb en mir tuten

ibr fung i i br bl i eb t i br tatet
iie fangen fie i eb en fie tut en
OB SERVE 1 M a ny v e r b s ( c a ll e d stro ng ) fo r m the i m pe r
.
‘ ’

fee t i n d i c a t i v e by c ha ngi ng the st e m v o w e l w i t ho ut a d d i ng a ,

t e nse en d i ng .

2 .T he per so n e nd i ngs are the sam e a s in o t he r v e r bs .

N O T E — T he i m pf i d i
. f s u h tr ng n d irr g l r
. n c . o b s a e us d
c s o a e u a v er s a r e

i n th e er i es w ill b g i n f
e x c s th pr e nt i n th v
ve b l ri s
, or e ese , e o ca u a e .

29 . A d v er bial A cc
usa ti v e .

Gr mar biefen ©0 mmer bi er . H e w as her e t hi s summ e r .

Gr mar ei nen Emonat bi er . H e w as he r e a mo nth .

Dub 5b a d) foftete einen i boiiar

Y . T he b o o k c o st a d o ll a r .

OB S ERVE : T i me a nd pri c e a re u sua lly r

e x p e sse d b y the
a cc usa tiv e .

30 . Wo r d Or d er .

8 d) babe bente fei n ©el b . I ha v e no m o n ey to -d a y .

m
51 in Eb etter i ft bente bi er M y c o usi n i s he r e to d a y .
-
.

Sj eute i ft bub QBettet {Cbbm T he w ea t he r i s fi n e to -d ay

‘

3 m ®ur ten ftebt ein QBanm A tr e e s t an d s i n the ga r d e n . .

OB SERVE r A d v e rb i a l e xpr essi o ns o f t i m e pr e c ed e n o un

.

o bj ect s a nd o t her a d v e r b s .
28 GER M AN GR AM MA R 3C

2 W hen any m e mb er o f a pr i n c i pa l sen t en c e o t he r t ha n

.

the subj e ct pr ec ed es the v e r b the su bj e ct c o m es a ft e r the v er b ,

w hi c h i s the se c o nd i d ea in a pr i n ci pa l assert i v e sen t en c e .

E X E RCI S E X

a ntwo
’
r ten ,
to a nsw e r r e ply
,
. Iunge ( a dv ) , l o ng , a l o ng
bul b, co m p . e e br ,
so o n . ti me .

begi nnen, begann, to b e gi n, bie fiiebet , ’

so ngs .

c o m m en c e . nucb (d u n) ,
af e t r .

bl ei ben ( did ) to r e mai n s t a y

, , , . neul id) , l a t ely the o t her d ay , .

bunn t hen ,
. obne ( a m ) w i t ho u t ,
.

ber D oll ar d o ll a r ,
. ber S Regenfcbirm u m b r e ll a ,
.

errei d) en to r ea c h ,
.
fagen to sa y t e ll
, , .

f fb
r i c fr e sh c o o l
, ,
.
febea j ab to see
, ,
.

e a rl i e r fo r m e rly
f b
r ii e r , ,
.
j i ngen fang to si ng
, ,
.

e b n b to g iv e bie G tunbe ho ur
g e g a , ,
.
,
.

g b
e en i
g g n ,
to w a lk go , ,
. ber g l Bul b fo r es t w o o d ( s)
, , .

g i
e fe r n y es t e r d ay
,
. mann ? w he n ?
ber Giott, G o d . tnei ter ( a ri a ) furt he r a l o ng , , ,

bie g unb, han d . on .

bet fi ned n
‘

,
m a n -se rv a nt
,
l a? bub wetter ,
w ea he t r .

bo u rer . mobi n ? w he r e ( to ) ? w hi t he r ?
bie S
bned fie, l a b o ur e r s . munberfcbbn v ery b ea ut i ful ,
.

foften, to c o st .
5 j
11 S aufe a t ho m e ,
.

A . r . li eul i d) mad) te i d) ei nen g pagiergung mit ei nem

E
greunbe . 2 (Err
.
butte einen 6 5t in fei ner { j anb unb i d)
b m i 9t f bi m D { B r m i b b b i
'

utte e n en eg e n c r 3 { u b e tt e a r r o u u n e . .

Quit frij d) 4 Si t e b a.i d) id)

t bu u n te r .Gi o tt
"eb g i mm e l ?

j g
a te i d ) 5 S a m o
.
bl !
“
a n tw o r.tet e m e i n $ reun b e b i ft , ,,

munberfd flin “
6 QBir gi ngen meiter unb fuben buIb ei nen
. .

(b at ten 7 3 m (b at ten mar en fi nerbte

. . 8 © ie ar bei teten . .

f br f fg g 9
e l e i i © ie pfl ga n .t en 23 Iu m e n un b .(Sj em ii ie r o i b ir . .

i b
a e n a n d ) ei n j
S a u b n eb e n b em Gj a rte n rr Sg in te r b e m . .

{ i
J an e m a r e in i b ul b 1 2 S n b e m g a u j e m ab u te b e r (Sj a r
. t .
:
3 0 GER MAN GR AM MA R 31

her fo r the so ng . 1 7 . T he n w e took lk in the

a wa w oo ds

b ehi n d hi s ho use . 1 8 . A ft e r an ho ur I w e n t ho m e a ga n . i
1 9 . I t b ega n to ra i n ,
a nd I n e e d ed m y u mb r e ll a .

L E S S ON X I
{Di efer Mod el
’

SIN GU LA R . PLU RA L .

M a rc . F em . N ew . A l l Gen d ers .

N biej er bi efe biefeb , t hi s bi efe, t hese

‘

G . biefeb biefer bi efeb , of t hi s bi ei er, of t hese

0 .
bi efem bi efer bi efem, ( ro , fo r) t hi s bi efen, ( t o , fo r) t hese
A . biefen biefe biej eb , t hi s biej c, t hese

RE MAR K S I n the sa m e w ay d e cl i ne j ener t ha t (y o nd e r)

‘ ’
I .
,

j eber , ea ch ,
’ ‘
e v e ry ’
wei d wr ? ‘
wh i ch ? ’

NO SDi ej er is c o mm o n ly u s e d fo r t ha t , a s w el l a s fo r t hi s
T ES . 1 .
’ ‘
.
’

2 T h e un c ha nge d bi eb ( a l so j eneb a n d l o el cbeb

'

. i s u se d , l i ke bab
b e fo re iei n ; D i eb i ii ul ei ne © d) i o efter, i s s m y si t er ;
‘ ‘
T h i s
’

wel dj eb finb meine §Bii d) er ? Whi c h a re m y b o o ks ?

‘ - ’

2 . T hus a so l the sho r t fo r m s o f the possessi v e pro n o uns

mei ner mi n e ,
.
f i r hi s i ts e ne u nj( )
e rer o
,
ur s , .
,
.

beiner, t hi n e . i brer her s its t he i r s eur er y o ur s

, , ,
.
,
.

S brer y o ur s ,
.

F urt he r ei ner o n e fei ner no ne

, , ,
.

NO TE .
—Th e t
c o n ra c e d t r
fo m s meinb, bei ltb, j ei nb, ei nb, fei nb, a re

t
o f e n u se d i n th e n om . a n d a c c . n e ut . i
s ng .

32 . Use of P os s es s i v e P ronouns .

S b I)
C abe b meinen S ui ; er ut I ha ve m y ha t ; he

fei nen ; f b
i e ut i bren she has he r s . .

Bfi d wt unb We ha v e o ur b o o k s
’

28 h? baben uniere E ,

@ ie baben S bre ha v e y o ur s . .

ib ieier g ut i ff mei n(er) T hi s hat i s m i n e . .

 32] L E SS O N xi

OB SERVE : r T he possessi v e p r o no uns c o rr espo n d . w i h he i

t t r
a n t e c e d en t lik e the po sse ss iv e a dj e ct i v es 2
5 , b ut t he i r
c ase d epe nd s o n t he i r r el a ti o n in the sent e n c e .

2 W hen use d as pr e d ic a t es t he y m ay a l so ha v e
.
, the un n i
fl ec ted fo r m s mei n bei n iein t e , , , .

E X E RCIS E XI

bet fi benb
‘

bub Qanbbuub c o un try ho use

,
e e n ngv i .
,
-
.

an ( d a b ) 0 11 b y a t , ber E mo nat m o n t h
, ,
'
,
.

uuf 23cj ud) o n a vi si t bub motor boot m o t o r bo a t

,
.
,
- .

uuf bem bunbe i n the c o un try bet g ee l ak e

‘
. .
, ,

bie QIub ficbt vi ew pro spe ct jg ffi

i en u ,
S i t ,
.
, ,
.

bei ( fl a t ) a t n ea r by a s t hu s
i
,n , ,
.
, ,
.

bei unb at o ur ho use ,

bub ll fer S ho r e b a nk .
, ,
.

bemunbern to ad m ir e bie SBeranba v e r a nd a

,
.
,
.

a oerbrin en b
fb
a r en fb
u r to, go ( i n
g o,
er r ad) te to , ,

v ehi cl e) d riv e e tc sp en d pa ss ( ti m e
, ) ,
.
,
.

bie {ye rien ( pl o nly) ho l i d a y s non (ri a l ) o f fr o m

'
. . .
, , ,

b u t to d ay -
b ub fiB u fi w at e r
‘

e e ,
et .
,
.

bie S niel i sl a nd bie gai t t i m e

,
.
,
.

bet Q ubn ro w b o a t c ano e sk i ff -

‘

.
, , ,

A . r .
2330 oerbradnen bie gerien ? (b ie biej en g onnner

2 . i b ir oerbrad nen uniere auf bem bunbe ; l DD b erbrad n

en © ie

Sb re ? 3 Qb ir oerbrad n
. en uniere an ei nem (g ee 4 l i nier . .

bunbbuub ftebt auf ei ner S niel in biej em g ee 5 (Sin greunb . .

Buterb, sj err mutter , but and) einb, uber feinb i ft nid) t

meineb E
uu f ber S i bel eb itebt um ufer beb ©ceb 6 233ie oerbrud uen , . .

Qu e bie gei t ? 7 i b ir oerbracbten iie gel obbnl icb auf bem .

i bajier 8 3 d) butte ein S

. l l i otorboot unb mei ne if reunbe
.

batten uud) einb 9 3 br eb mar grbjger al b meinb I o SJi ein .

(
.
. .

greunb QIIbert roar bei unb auf fli efud) I r

g eber oon unb . .

butte ei nen Si abn 1 2 g ei ner roar ni d) i ia gr of; roi e mei ner . . .

1
3 i b ir fubren jeben I ug auf bem i b afier
. 14 (Er fubr in . .

{ei nem Q abne unb id) in mei nem r 5 S eben Qi benb j afgeu .
 G ER MAN GR AM MA R

ioir f
uu un erer i QSerunbu unb bemunberten bie ?Iub ii d n .

1 3 0 oerbrad uen roir ei nen

6 6 .

bm SRonut febr angene .

3 Fill i n the b l a nk s w i t h a sui t a b l e w o r d o r wo r d s o f the

.

bi eler m o d e l : 1 il l i ein Si egenid n rm foftete ei nen S ulfur r o i e

;
.

oiel l oftete 2
S it S bre geber ia gut toie
.

3 Q i efeb 23nd) i it
. mel d) eb i it 4 E lli ein Qi ater .

i ff fil ter ul b 5 3 d) babe i ein fil l efier ; baben © ie

.

6 g uben g ie ei nen 23l ei ftift ?

.
3 d) babe 7 EIli ci n .

fiBl ei fti ft i it fl einer ul b 8 3 mSBl ei ftift i it fl einer .

ul b ilBel d) er a but i ft grofier ober

'

9 .
,

10 .
18 0 i ff ein g tod ? A
$ j ier i ft
C A n sw e r usi ng pr o n o m i n a l fo r m s : 1 S
.
, j u t g e r r m u ll e t .

ein bunbbuub ? fib el m eb Qunbbaub i it id) bner biefeb ober

'

2 .
,

i e n e b ?
3 S lb efien SJi otorboot i it grbfier ?
.
4 { b effen i ft .

l l einer ? 5 QBel d) eb E . lli otorboot bemunbern g ie ? 6 gubr .

Q m l l l i
'

i b f 7 i b efien Q abn br and) ten

e in a u d e er u b b e n er ? .

i
i gie e te rn ? 8 fi b el d n n Q abu braud) en r
. oi r beute bi efen ,

g u m
ober j enen ? 9 l l f el d) er QB . eranba fuf gen © ie ? I o flb efien .

greunb i it bl l bert ? 1 2 QBefien .

EBl ei ftift i ft bi eb 9
D 1 . H a s y o ur fa t he r a c o un try ho us e ?
. 2 Y es he ha s - .
,

3 W he r e is his c o un try ho use ? 4 I t i s ( st a nd s ) o n

-
o ne . . .

( a n ) t h e S h o re o f a l ak e
5 M y fa t her s fr
. i en d M r
. M u ll e r ’

, .
,

ha s a l so o n e 6 H is i s b esi d e o ur s
. .
7 H is ho use is l a rge r . .

t han o u rs but o ur s i s pr e tt i e r t ha n hi s 8 H ere w e passed

,
. .

o ur ho l i d a y s t hi s summ er 9 W he r e d id yo u pass y o ur s ?
. .

10 .I pa sse d m i ne o n a n i sl an d i n the l a k e 1 1 M y fri end . .

A l b e rt Sc hafe r v i si t ed m e t he r e 1 2 Ea c h o f us ha d a c a n o e
. . .

1 3 .W hi c h c a no e w en t (fubt en) fa st er y o ur s o r his ? 1 4 H i s ‘

, .

w en t fa st e r t ha n m i n e 1
5 W e w e n t o n the w a t er e v e ry d a y
. .
,

o r t o o k a w a lk o n the sho r e 1 6 T h e v i e w fr o m o ur v e r a n d a
. .

w a s v e ry fi ne 1 7 We o ft en sa t t he r e and a d m i r ed i t
. . .

18 .T hu s w e pa ssed the sum m e r v e ry pl ea sa n tly 19 A ft e r a . .

m o n t h w e w e n t ( fubren) to the ci ty w i t h m y fa t he r a n d m o t he r .
 32] L ESSO N X I I 33

E . befeftud
SDu bi ft lo i e i EBlume e ne

bo o bol b unb id) bu unb r ein ;

id id QB bmut
’
d
3 ) ) a u b ) an un b e ,

© d) l eid) t mir iub lj erg binein .

ibi ir i it, al b ob i d) bie Q unbe

bl ufb g aunt bir l egen foll t ,
’

SBetenb, buf; (Sj ott bid) erbal te

6 0 r ei n unb id) on unb bol b
'

L E SS O N X II

R ev i ew L esso ns V I I—X I .

E X E RC I S E X II

bi tten, but, to r eques t a sk fo r bub muttercben ,

m o t he r d ean

( um, am ) . oben, a t the to p, a b o e v .

Durft, t hi r st
ber C . r ei d) en to pass hand
, , .

buritig, t hi r sty ri cbtig ri ght c o rr e ct

’

. .
, ,

entfcbul bigen, to c e x u se .
i d) ein en f t
,b ie n to se e m ,
.

bie gumi l ie fa m i ly i d m d o t a st e
'
,
.
) e en t ,
.

bub gl fiul ein y o ung l a d y Mi ss

‘

, ,
.
fbe n e i b en fd ,m i tt to c u t ,
.

bie (babel fo rk ,
. ber g purgel aspa r agus ,
.

bie O abel n fo rk s ,
.
fp l
i ,t l ate .

bie fi al toffel po t a t o ber Siell er pl a t e

‘

. .
, ,

bie fi artoffel n po t a t o es ,
. bie Z ell et pl a t es
‘

,
.

tommen tum to c o m e , ,
. bie l i br cl o ck wa tc h
, , .

l ei b tun ( fi a t of per m) to be .
, um ( a m ) a r o und fo r , ,
.

so rry .
unten a t the b o tt o m b el o w .
, ,

Iieber r a t he r
, .
I Bil bd m W i ll i a m
‘
,
.

bet Qbffel Spo o n CE d m l to s c ho o l

‘

,
.
g u r ‘
e ,
.

bie Qbffel spo o ns , gluei tw o .

,
.

bie ibi agb m a i d , 3mij d) en (fi a t) .

, b e t we e n .

bie JJi il cb m ilk

‘
,
.
34 G E RMAN GR AM MA R i § 32

I D IO M S : r. 8 d) babe Dut ft ( bi n burfti g) I a m thirst y

‘ ‘

, .

2 . D b tbmed t mi r I li k e the t a st
‘

3 .
3 d) efie l i eber 2C I w o ul d r a th er ea t I pr e fer
, .
, , , e tc .

4 . B i cj e um
‘
:
gebt ri cbtig, T hi s w at c h i s ri ght .

5 .
3 d) banfe, N o t ha nk yo u ,
.

A . 1 .
3amil ie fi bt am I iid)e 2 Q ben fibt ber Qi ater,
Q ie $ .

unten bie Smutter groi fd) en i bnen il gen bie Si inber 3 uuj er
, . .

Qi ater fd meibet unb bab gl eifd) 4 Gr id m eibet eb mit ei nem . .

SJi efier 5 ib n eiien oon unier en i eil ern 6 S eber non

“
. . . .

unb b ut e nen i Z ell er ,

ein ll i efier,
E Gabel unb ei nen bbffel
e nei .

7 E
.ll i ein E lli efier i it id) ar i 8 . . IBil bel m but and) einb, aber
S

fei n b i it a i d) t fo i b f
c ar toie meinb .
9 . ibi einb i ft id) urfer ul b

f einb . Io Q inbern bub (Si emii fe

.
b ie 912q
T rei d) t ben .

1 1 . QBir baben beute fi artofiel n unb ©bur gel 1 2 ib linfd uft

S . .

r l m i ? f E
ll i utterd nn ; er
'

bu gb g ,
u e e n g g
a u e 1 3 d
3 ) bu n e,
.

i)
d med t m ir ni d) t 14 . .
3 d) eff e l i eber Q artoffel n . 1 5 . i b ab
oi mf) f
d b SB b ? Sbi il cb ; i cb babe 3 d) bi tte um
'

r e t u,
e rt a 1 6 .

fDur ft 1 7 (db i ft j eiét gei

. ur 6 d) ul e 3u geben
. 1 8 dj eftern m . .

l umen roir fpii t 1 9 Q ie bebrerin id) ien bbie gu fein 2 0 i b ir . . . .

fg t n 6 b tut unb l i b g i ul in Bi uun ; uniere l i br gebt

S '

a e e r e
'

: ,

nid) t rid) ti g 2 1 ® unn entidml bigte fie unb . . .

B . O ral e xe rci se o n the a b o ve .

C .
Si d) j i be (fab) um z i fcbe bu
C o n t i nu e the fo ll o w i ng : 1 .
, ,

i
e 2
.
S eb id meibe gl eifd) mi t ei nem Sfi efier 3 3 d) babe
. . .

( butte) fei nen I ell er 4 3 d) fum {but gur 5 3 d) . . .

r eid) e (reid) te) ben Si inbern bie Q artoffel n 6 3 d) babe ( butte) . .

Q urft 7 S cb entid ml bige ( entfdml bigte) bie Si inber 8 6b

. . . .

tut ( tat) mir l ei b eb bir z e ,

.

D . c hi l d ren w e r e S i tt i ng a t the t ab l e w i t h t hei r fa t her

1 . T he
a n d m o t he r 2 T he i r fa t he r c u t the m ea t
.
3 H e c ut i t w i th
. . .

a k n i fe 4 E a c h o f t he m ha d tw o k n i v es two fo rk s a nd tw o
. .
, ,

s po o ns
5 C h a rl e s. k n i fe w a s s har
.
p i t w a s sha r pe r t h
’
an

Will i am s 6 W i lli a m s k ni fe wa s n o t so Sharp a s hi s 7 T he

’
. .
’
. .
 33] L E S SO N X III 35

m a i d ha nd e d c h c hil d the v e ge t a b l e s 8 T he y ha d po t a t o es
ea . .

a n d a spa r a gus
9 T he y lik e po t a t o es a n d a spa r agu s
. . 10 M a ry . .

wa s t hi r sty a nd her mo t he r ga v e her m i lk

,
1 1 Y es t er d ay the . .

c hi l d r en wer e (c a m e) l a t e to ( the) sc ho o l 1 2 T he i r cl o ck w a s . .

w r o ng 1
3 O ur s is a l w a y s ri ght
. . 14 T hei r fa t he r an d m o t her
. .

a s k e d the t e a c he r to e xc us e t he m .

E . bej eftucb
C i fcbgebet .

@ peife, E ater , bei ne Q inber ,

z rbfte bie betritbten © imber ,

‘ ’

@ prid) ben ©egen 3u ben (Sj aben,

i b el d n mir jest oor unb baben,
Yb afi fie unb an bieiem beben
“
©tur fe, Rruft unb Ji abrung geben .

S obuuu b cer man .

L E SS O N X I I I
Strong Decl ens i on of Nouns .

I . ber abunb, d o g . II . ber e obn, so n .

ber S
j unb bie éj unb e ber @ obn bie © obn e
G beb ©unb(e) b ber ©unb e
. beb @ obn(e) s ber g bbn e
D bem ©unb(e) ben lj unb en
. bem © obn(e) ben g obn en
4 ben S
.
gunb bie g unb e Z obn
ben C
C
bie ®bbn e

III . bie S§anb, ha nd

. .

bie fi anb bie Sg iinb e

ber Xi anb ber ljpfinb e
ber Sg anb ben g finb en
bie fg anb bie j finb e
A
TE F r cl ass f uns d li ne d e L s o n
NO . o es o no so ec , s e e s

REMARK S : I T hese t hr e e m o d e l s are m e r ely v a r i a t i o ns

.

the sa m e ty pe o f n o un d e cl en si o n ( c a ll e d the pr i m ary fo r m

the s tr o ng d e cl e ns i o n
36 GER MA N GR AM MA R 34

2 . F em i ni nes are i nv a r i a b l e i n the si ngul a r ; m asc uli ne s a nd

neu e s t r t ak e —
eb in th e gen i t i v e a n d — e i n the d a tiv e S i ngu l a r .

NO TE S
The e o f th e ge n a n d d a t S n g is us ua i n m o n o s a b es,
. I . . . i ‘

. l yll l
l yll l
l e 55 so i n po ys a b es, b ut e o f the ge n i s a l w a ys e a n e d a f e fi n a 6so un d . rt i tr l .

2 . itt
T h e e o f the d a t s ng i s o m e d w he n a p e p m me d a e p ec e d e s : . i . r i . i t ly r
uub fool s,
‘
o f w o o d ’
ti lly
; b u t e x c ep o n a , 5a S
pa nie, na d) b attle .

N u s i n —1ti b d b l e th e l n t c so a t b e f r a n d i Beiorg
§ ou as on n n o e en n
3 . o g :

a n i ty i ng SBeiorgni fieb n m pl ur fiBeiorgni fie; so al o '

’
n ib
‘
, g n x e , e . s .
,
o . . s

3 if a ft r h o rt t e m o w e l gl ufi ri r $l ufieb Wil lie

‘ ’
e s s v : ve
, , , .

A ll ad d — e i n the pl ur a l w i t h a d d i t i o na l n i n th e d a t i v e -
3 . .

4 M an y m a sc uli ne s w i t h s t e m v o w el a o u an a n d all fe m i
-
.
, , , ,

n i n e m o n o syll a b l e s o f t hi s m o d e l t a k e u m l a u t in the p l ur a l , .

34 . E s s enti a l P a rts . By o bse rv i ng the c a se fo r m s w hi c h

a re i d entic al ,
the fu ll d e cl e nsi o n o f a ny n o un m ay b e i n ferr e d
fr o m the tiv e si ngul a r gen i t i v e si ngul a r a nd
no m n a i , ,
n o m i na t i v e

l u r a l w hic h are gi v e n i n the d i ct i o n a ry fo r t h i s pur po se

p ,
.

35 . Compound N ouns . In c om po und n o uns the l ast c o m

p o n en t o nl y i s d e cli n e d t he y usua lly fo ll o w the ge nd er o f the
l as t c o m po nen t
Gen S i ng . .

ber Q unbfd mb gl o v e beb éj anbid mb(e)b bie éj unbj d mbe ,

.

ber D bftbaum fr ui t tr ee beb D bftbaum (e)b bie D bftbiium e ,

-
.

N O TE C m p u n d w ith —mann h v e
.
pl —manner ( i d ivi d u l r
o o s a as ur . n a s o

o ccup ti o n ) 4 el m ( ll tiv l y)
a © tua tbmi nner
s , t t sm or co ec e
,
s a e en

t’unbl eute un try p pl

- ’
co eo e
,
.

3 6 R ul e of Gend er . . M o st n o u ns — i a) —
ia —
in i ng —
l i ug , , , , a nd

fo r ei gn n o uns in -a l, —au —ar —i er , , ,

—
or a re m a s c ul i n e .

EX E RCIS E X III
N B . . T he g e n . i
s ng . fe m i t g iv e b i g th
. s no n, e n e sa m e a s the n o m .

ber Sl rm, —e ,
a rm . befommen, befam, to ge t, re

bet fi r st,
‘
—eb ,
"
e, phy si c i a n , c ei v e .

do ct o r . br i ngen, brud) te, to b r i ng .

 GE R MA N GR AM MA R

1 4 S rb id) id te beute mei nem Sreunbe ei nen fib rief 1 5 S n

. . .

bieiem 23ri efe ergabi te i d) i bm oon mei nen gi oei g unben

'

1 6 ib ie e m
.
i ur en ein O eid wnf oon mei nem SButer 1 7 S eben . .

Z ag mad) e id) ei nen g pugiergung mit meinen ib unben 1 8 S d) . .

bei am geftern ®efd) eni e oon mei nen Sreunben 1

9 6b i ii . .

i b
e r un ge ne bm S reu n be 5a b a b
,
e n unb (S eidnni e 5u bei ommen .

C O r a l ex e rc i se o n the a b o v e
. .

D . r . I r e c ei v ed a pr ese n t
y e s t e r d a y fro m m y fa t he r .

2 . H e s e n t m e two d o gs 3 T he se w e r e q u i t e y o u ng a nd
. .

v e ry ha nd so m e 4 I a m v e ry fo nd o f t he se a n i m a l s 5 T he y
. . . .

t a k e a w a lk ev e ry d a y w i t h m e 6 I ge t pr e se n t s o ft e n . .

fr o m m y fa t he r a nd m y fri e nd s 7 T ha t i s v e ry pl ea sa n t fo r . .

me 8 I r e c e i v e d two l e tt e r s fr o m m y fri e n d A l b e rt to d a y
. .
-
.

9 . M y b r o t he r b r o u g h t t h e m h o m e I O I n t hese l e tt e r s A l b e rt . .

t o l d ( ergi bl en) m e a b o ut ( non ) his ho li d a y s 1 1 H e s pe n t . .

t he m i n the c o un try 1 2 H is un cl e has a ho use t he r e . . .

1 H i s un cl e h a s m a ny a n i m a l s — ho r s e s c o ws S h eep e tc
3 .
, , ,
.

I 4 H e ha s a l so m a n y fr ui t tr e e s b e hi nd hi s ho us e
.
-
1
5 T h ey . .

a re l a r ge a nd v e ry fi n e 1 6 T he ho use i s o n ( an) the S ho r e

. .

o f a ri ver 1 7 . H is u n cl e ha s a l so a Shi p
. 18 M y fri en d . .

u se d to s a i l ( fubt e v e ry d a y i n thi s sh i p l b e rt i s the

) A
‘
1
9
~

. .

s o n o f a phy s i ci a n i n t hi s c i ty 20 H is fa t he r liv es n e a r . .

( n e ben ) us 21 . M y f a t he r a nd hi s are fr i e n d s
. .

E Qefeftud
‘

l Dunbrers Zi udfl lieb .

l i ber alien Gi ipfei n

Sit E li ub
’

S n a l ien QBipfei n
© pii reft bu
Q uum ei nen b aud) ;
Die Bogeiein id) roeigen im ib ui be
''
‘ ‘
.

“
l b urte nur, bul be
Sl i ubejt bu and) .

(Sj oetbe .
 L E S SO N X I V

L E S S O N X IV

P erfect I nd i ca t i v e of baben, fbiel en .

I ha v e ha d (pl ay e d ,
b e en pl a yi ng) , e tc .

abe ( i i i ) l o ir baben gebabt ( gei iel t

id) b b ge abt
ge p e t p )
bu bait gebabt ( geipiel t) ibr babt gebabt ( geipiei t)
er bat gebabt ( gef l
p ie l t) f i e baben gebabt ( geipiei t)

F o r m al : Q ie baben gebabt ( gefpiel t) .

O BSERV E r . V e rbs i t h baben fo r m t hi s t ense b y

j
c o n uga e t d w

a d di ng the pa s t pa rt i ci pl e to the p r e se n t o f baben a s a ux ili a ry , .

2 .T he past pa rtici pl e o f w e a k v e r b s i s u sua lly fo r m ed b y pre

fi xing ge a nd a d d i ng — t (o r — ci a ft e r b t e tc see
)
2 7 to the , ,
.

st e m a g , {p i
. ei e mg ip ;
e si ei =
t a r b
zei t= e n e=
g urbeit et ,
s
.

N O T E — T h p st pa te f ll str ng v r b s w ill b e g iv n f
a r . o a o the pr ese nt
e e or

i n the v o c b ul ari es
a .

38 . Use of P erfect T ens e .

T he G er m a n pe r fe ct c o rr e spo n d s to the E ngl i sh pe r fe ct , b ut

a l so o ft e n r e pl a c e s the E ngl i sh p a s t , e spe ci a lly w he n r e fe rr i n
g
to a p eri o d r e c e n tly c o m pl e t e d , o r to an i nd e pe nd en t fa ct

S d) b abe eb bbrt
ge . I ha v e h ea r d i t .

S d) babe eb geifern gebbrt . I he a r d i t y es t e r d a y .

P l uperf ect I ndi cati v e of baben, l oben .

I ha d ha d ( pr a i sed , b e e n p ra i si ng) e tc, .

i d) butte gebabt ( gel obt) roirbatten gebabt (gel obt)

bu butteft gebabt ( gel obt) ibr buttet gebabt ( gel obt)
er butte gebabt (gel obt) fie batten gebabt ( gel obt)
O BS ERV E : c o nj uga t ed w i t h baben fo r m t hi s t ense by
V e r bs
a d d i ng the pa st pa rt i c i pl e to the i m e r fe ct o f baben as a ux i l i a ry
p , .
 G ER MA N G RA M MA R

Wor d Or d er i n P r i n c i pa l S ent ences .

Ve rb .

Gr beute nid) t i r unii ft .

iDer E ater beb © d) uierb tour bi er .

g i e r i it be r E ater beb C 5 d) ul erb f

.

S m © ommer fi ab bie {b uume id) bu .

SDub ii inb but beute ni d) i oi ei geipiel t

'
.

O BSERV E : I I n pr i nc i pal s ent en c es m a k i ng a st a t em e n t

.
,

the v er b is the se c o nd i d e a ( no t n ec essa rily the se c o nd w o r d ) .

2 A ny m e m b e r e x c e pt the v e r b m ay o c c upy the fi r s t pl a c e

.
, ,
.

3 W . h en a n y m e m b e r o t h e r t ha n t h e s ubj e ct pr e c e d e s the

v e r b the subj ect w i t h i ts a ttr i b ut es a nd e nl a rge m ent s is

, , ,

t hr o w n a ft er the v e r b a nd o cc upi es the t hi rd pl a c e

, .

4 T he au x i li a ry i s the v e rb i n c o m po und t en ses a n d the

.
,

a s t pa rt i ci pl e c o m es l a s t i n the p e r fe ct a n d pl upe r fe ct
p .

f T — tiv s unb aber Obel hea rt d o n t a ff t the

I
N O I T he ‘

E S n. co nec e
, , , , o ec

l wo rd rd er 2 T he rul s f w r d r d r a e o ft en d i sregard e d i n v e se
o . . e o o o e r r .

41 . Ca r d i nal Numer a l s .

1 . einb 1 1 . el f 21 . ein unb 3man5i g

2 .
met 12 .

g ooi f
t 22 .
gl oei un b g angig
r
o

3 . br ei 1 3 . breigebn 30 . brei fgig

4 . b ier 1 4 . oiergebn 40 . niergig

5 .
fii nf 1
5 .
fiinfgebn 5 0 .
fii nfgig
6 .
fed) b 1 6 .
ied gebn 60 .
fed) 3ig
7 .
iteben 1 7 .
iieb(en)3ebn 70 .
iieb<en> 3ig
8 . ud) t 1 8 .
ucbtgebn 80 . ud) tgig

9 . neun 1 9 . neungebn 9 0 . neungi g

ro .
ge u b 20 .
groangig
bunbert 1 00 .

1 0 1
bun b ert
.
(u n b) einb 1 2
3 bu n bert (unb b r
) ei unb groungig .

20 0
glo ei bun
. b ert I OO I tauj enb unb einb .

'
ro o o tuuienb . r o o o o o o ei ne SJl i ii io n , ,
.

1 89 7 ud) tgebn bunbert iieben unb neungig o r ,

tuufenb ud) t bunbert fi eben unb neungig .

O BSERV E : r The fo r m ri a b i s used in c o un t i ng

. .
5 42 ] -
L ESSON X I V
41

2. c o mpo und numb er s fro m 2 1 upwa r d s the uni t s pr ec ed e

In ,

the t e ns a n d are j o i n ed to t hem b y unb : 2 5 = fii nf unb wangi g

,

t ty r 5 6= unbert ed b unb
( g d ) b f ) fiinfgig
’
E n fi v e a n . we
‘
n .

3 Q unbert a n d tuufenb gen e ra lly o m i t eta b e fo r e a nd m ay

.

o m i t unb a ft e r t he m .

42 . Mul ti pl i cativ e A d v er b s . T he y are fo r m ed b y a d d ng i

mai, ‘
t i me ,
’
to the c a r d i na l s .

(Ei nmal ; 3meimal ; gebnmui . O nce t wi c e ; te n t i m es .

E X E RCIS E X IV

beb ?I benbb , in the e v eni ng . l affen, l i eb, gel a fien, to l ea v e ,

ubbieren, to ad d l et .

fib eutfd flanb, —b , G er ma ny . DEorg m b ,

ber S e — m o r n i ng .

b egember, D ec e mb e r
bet C beb ill i orgenb, i n the m o r n i ng
‘
. .

bioibieren, to d i v i d e mul tipl igieren, to m ulti ply .

burcb (a m ) , t hr o ugh, b y . bub g ebul tj ubr, —e, 1eap

(E g
n l anb,
n ,
— b , E ngl a n d . . y ea r .

f
fi ngl i cb, E n g l i sh ( l a nguage) . bie © d) iittenfabrt, —eu s l ei gh
,

ff
u t a l m o s t n e a rly
, ,
. r i d e ( d ri v e) .

fi nb en f an b g f
e un,b e n to fi nd , ,
.
id) reiben id) rieb geid nieben
, , ,

g e ben g a b e
g g ,eb en to gi v e
, ,
. to w r i t e .

geftern mor gen y est er d ay , j ubtrabieren to sub tract ,

.

m o r ni ng . tangen to d a n c e
, .

beute mor gen thi s m o r n i ng , tun, tat, getan, to d o . .

S —
bub Bergnii gen, b, pl easur e .

I D IO M S 1. S i ne e rbi ittenfubrt mad) en, to t ak e ( g o fo r) a s e l i gh—ri d e

( d rive ) .

3 d) babe ni ei fi
b ergnugen gebabt, I ha ve j y
en o ed m y lf se

v ery m uc h .

A . C o n t i nue
S d) babe ( butte) ei nen Sjpunb gebabt bu : 1 .
,

bait (batteft) te 2 S d) bube( batte) meinem {Sreunbe einen

,
. .

§Bri ef geid nieben bu beinem z e 3 Qb ab babe icb geftern , ,

. .

mor gen getan ? 4 Si euiid) babe ( butte) i d) ei nen g ougiergung .

gemad) t 5 {neute mor gen babe i d) mei ner Sfi utter E l umen

. .

geid) enft 6 S d) babe ( butte) biefe flb od n im (S

.
i arten geipiel t
. .

7 Ginb unb einb mad) t amei amei unb einb mad) t br ei ( c ot

.
,
42 GER MA N GRA M MA R ( g 42

ti n u e up to t hi rty ) . 8 .
g m ei mul einb i ft amei gioeimai gioei ,

l ft b ier ( c o nt i nue up to t hirty ) .

B . R e a d i n G e r m an : 2 mai 1 1 l it 22 3 mai 1 2 i ii 3 6 4 , ,

mal 8 i it 3 2, 5 mai 9 i ft 4 5 , 6 mal 7 i it 4 2 7 x (mai ) 1 0 i it 7 0 , ,

8 x 1 1 i ft 8 8 , 9 x 1 2 i it 1 0 8 , 1 0 x 1 0 i it 1 00 , 1 1 x 1 1 i ii 1 2 1 ,
i it 1 44 . Qi bbieren g ie ‘
unb
S
Jl i ul ti
g ubtrabieren © ie non pii3i eren @ i e
5 9 1 mit 4 7 8 Q i b i bi eren ® ie . bur d) 61 .

C .
S at fb egember baben mir b i el 6 d) nee gebabt .

(Seitern baben ib i r oiel fli ergnitgen gebabt Deb SJi or

’

2.
3 Q . .

g e n b b a tt en ro ir ei n e © d) i i tt e n fb g
u r t em a d) t un b b eb g be
l i nbb
b a tt e n m ir ge t a ug t 4 S il i e i n fiBruber but Q eutfd) gel er nt
. . .

5 (Sr but oier S ubre in C

.
Deutid flanb gelo obnt 6 Srii ber butt e . .

er m Engl anb ger oobnt 7 Gr but in nnierer 6 d) ni e (D eutfd) . .

g be l e rt 8 ® u butte er 25 © d) ii i er
. .
9 S n Q eutid danb . .

butte er Engl iid) gel ebrt 1 0 g ei ne @ d) ul er baben oi ei non . .

ibm gel er nt 1 1 (b ie fi a b fuft i mmer fi ei fgig unb aufmeri iam

. .
.

1 2 .
g ab en © ie m e i ne n EB i e i f ti ft ge b a bt ? 1
3 Sitei n i d) babe .
,

i bn beute mor gen nid) t gebabt 14

S d) butte i bn in mei nem . .

g tubiergimmer gei ufien 5 Gr tour unf bem iZ i fd) e aber j ebt

’
1 . .
,

l i egt er a id) t mebr bu 1 6

S d) babe i bn bu gefud) t aber nid) t
. .
,

gefnnben .

D 3 We o ft e n w ent fo r a S l ei h r i d e i n the ry
r
. .
g ( ) j a nu a -
.

Y est e r d a y w e e nj o y e d o u rs e lv es v e ry m u c h I n the
'

2 .
3 . .

m o r n i ng w e w e nt fo r a wa lk 4 I n the e v eni ng w e pl a y e d a n d . .

d a n c ed 5 I ha v e b ee n l o o ki n g fo r m y pe nci l b u t I ha v e n o t
. .
,

fo und i t 6 H a v e yo u had i t
. .
7 N o b ut i t w a s i n y o u r .
,

s t ud y t hi s m o r ni ng 8 I t w as o n yo ur t a b l e
.
9 H er e i t is ; I
. . .

hav e fo und i t n o w 10 M y Si st e r i s l i v i ng i n G er m a ny n o w
. . .

1 1 . She ha d l i v e d fi ve y ear s i n E n gl a nd 1 2 S he ha d b ee n . .

tea c hi ng G e r m an i n a sc ho o l 1 3 She ha d m o r e t ha n t hi rty . .

pu pi l s 14 . A y e a r has t w elv e mo n t hs
. 1 5 T he y a re c a ll e d . .

( bei ben) J anua ry etc (se e b el o w) ,

1 6 F o u r o f ( non
.
) t h e se . .

m o n t hs ha v e t hi rty d a y s 1 7 Sev e n ha v e t hi rt y o n e d a y s . .
-
.
5 4 3] L ESSO N x v 43

1 8
(
.
) T he Feb r ua ry has
lly t w e n ty e i ght d a y s b ut i n a usua -
,

l e a p y ea r i t ha s t w e nty n i ne 1 9 T he d a y s o f the w eek a re

- - . .

c a ll ed Sund ay e tc 2 0 E a c h w e e k ha s se v e n d a y s 2 1 T he
,
. . . .

y e a r has usua lly t hr e e hund re d a nd si x ty fi v e d ay s b u t i n a -

,

l e a p y ea r i t has t hr e e hu nd r e d a nd S i x ty S i x
- -
.

E C o m m i t to m e m o ry : ib i e E
. bi onate beb S abreb flub
' ' ' '

S a nu ar S ebru ur 93,
2613 9 l p ri i E bi,
ni S u ni S u l i Qi ugu j
,
t , , , , ,

© eptember, S i tober, Si ob ember Q egember , .

“
Q ie I nge b Ib ocbe iinb : © 0 nntag, ibi ontug, SDienb tag,
er

Wi ittmod) , Q onnerb tug, Sreitag @ onnubenb ober ©amb tag ,

.

SDie oier S abrebgeiten iinb : Srii bi ing Sj erbft; ,

Qb inter .

NOT E —A l l a re m asc .
, a n d us u a ll y r e
qu i re a r t .
; n am es of t
m o n hs a re

r r ly i n fl t d
a e ec e .

L E S S ON XV
S t r ong Decl ens i on of Noun s (co n ti n ued ) .

IV . bab Dor f,
‘
v i ll age .

N bub Q orf
. bie iDbrf er
G beb © 0 rf( e) b
. ber Q brfer
D bem © or f( e)
. ben CDiirfern
A . bub ib ot i , bie b rfer
NO TE F . l
li n d
o r c a ss es o f L n X IX n o un s so d ec e ,
se e e sso .

R EMAR K S :
I T he si ngul a r is a ft e r the lj unb m o d e l
.

T he SDDt f m o d e l d i ffe r s fr o m the Sgnnb m o d e l b y a d d i ng

‘

2 .

-er in the l ur a l a o n s t e m s a l w a y s w i t h u m l a ut
p ( , , ) and is c a ll e d
,

the enl a r ge d fo r m
’
.

V . ber Mater, pa i n t e r . V I ber E ater, fa t her

. .

Pl u m l
'

P l u ral . S z fl g z/ l a r . .

N ber Sfi ui er
.
bie Elli ui er ber E ater bie E li te .

G beb SJi al er b ber E

.
JJi ul er beb E ater b ber E ii ter
D bem ill i ui er
. ben Elfi ai er u bem E ater ben E ii ter n
A ben fil ial er
.
bie ibi uier ben E ater bie E i ter
44 GER MA N G RA M MA R 44

N O TE S I Fo r l
c as s es o f n o un s so d ec li n e d , se e L ess o n X IX
—
. .

—
.

2 . N o un s i n nd o n ot ad d n in dat .
pl ru . : (S arten, (S ta t en .

R E MAR K : T he se m o d el s d i ffe r fr o m g unb a n d ly i n g obn on

the i i
o m ss o n o f e i n the v a ri o us e n d i n s a n d a re fu rt he r v a ri a
g ,

ti o ns of the s tro ng d e cl e ns i o n c a ll ed the c o n tra ct ed fo r m .

’

44 R ul es
. of Gen d er . M o s t nouns in —el —
1 . er are m a sc u l i n e , , .

2 . C o ll ect iv e s b eg i nn i ng w it h (8 0 an d e nd i ng i n -e are gen

e ra l ly n eu e t r .

45 . P r es . a nd I m pf . I nd i c . of tonnen, mnifen .

P resezl l .

I m ust , hav e I c o ul d ,
w as I ha d to , was
to , e tc . ab e l to , e tc . ob l i ge d to , e tc .

i d) tonnte i d) mnfgte
bu fonnteft bu mnbteft
er i onnte er mubte

roir i onnten toir mubten

i br i onntet i br mubtet
iie l onnten fie mnbten
E X AM PLES .

S d) i ann beute nid) t fommen . I c anno t c o m e to -d ay .

Gr tonnte nid) t i anfen

i

. H e w as un a b l e to run .

i b ir mii fien bl ei ben . We m us t s a t y .

© ie mnfgten id) 1oer ar bei ten . T he y ha d to w o rk har d .

O BS ERV E : 1 . i n fi ni t i v e (w it ho ut
T hese v erbs go v e r n an

w hi c h c o m e s a t the e n d i n a p ri n ci pa l s e n t en c e .

A s the E ngl ish m u st has no pas t t e nse the G e r m an

‘ ’
2 .
,

i mpe r fect mu s t b e v a r i o usly r e nd e r ed as a b o v e .

E XE RCI S E xv

uu ei nmal ,
'
f a t o n e. c beibe, b o t h .

bie Ert, e, a x e H
. ber E erg, —
e h ill , , m o un
bebecft, c o v er e d . t ai n .
46 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 45

Sl ufieb 4 Qi ni bem Si nfie fubren g egel

’

ben l i fern eineb . .

ib i ffe E ampfer unb fi ubne 5 S m tj intergrunbe i ann man

‘

. .
,

ein (Sebirge j eben 6 Sg in te r ber @ tub t l i egen m eb rere

. E b r .
s

fer 7 E ie E dd) “ ber ij unier in bi elen C Dorfern iinb mit

' '

. .

@ trob bebed t 8 E ot t ar bei ten bie E ll i unner fl ei fgig in i bren

’

. .

( Sl ii rten unb Sei ber n 9 E li ed nb uuf bem E erge binter ben . .

E br et a l bnnen © ie ei nen fib ul b e en
i tb 10
S n bi eie m ESal be . .

mii fien bie li ned) te E uume fuii en unb mi t i bren birten éj oi g

’ '

bad en S m éj intergrunbe l inl b l ann i d) aucb smei

’

1 1 . .

© d) i bber ieben 1 2 E iele @ d) i abet mil ilen febr al t iein

. .
,

benn fie fi a b bai be gang gerfalien .

C . O ra l : 1 . Wa s l i egt in Was k a nn m an d em T a l e ? 2 .

auf d e m Be r ge r e c ht s sehen ? 3 We r w o hn t d a ? 4 Wa s fii r . .

Déi c her ha b en d i e H éi user ? 5 Wer a r b e i t e t h i e r ? 6 W0 . .

a r b e i t e n Si e ? 7 . Wa s s t e ht hi n t e r d en D Or fe rn ? 8 We r .

a r b e i t e t d o rt ? 9 . Wa s m il ssen sie tun ? 1 0 Was ko nn en Sie .

a uf d em Berge l i n ks s ehe n ?

D . l and sc a pe i s v e ry fi ne 2 O ne c an see hi ll s
1 . Thi s . .

a n d v a ll e y s t o w ns a nd Vi ll age s
, 3 I n the fo r e gr o u nd o n the . .

ri ght l i e two v i ll a ges 4 T he w i nd o w s o f the ho uses a re sm a ll

. .
,

a n d the r o o fs a r e c o v e r e d w i t h s tr a w 5 T he ho uses i n the . .

vill a ges i n G er man y are o ft e n c o v e r ed w i t h str a w 6 I n the . .

v a ll e y o n the l eft l ie two t o wns ; c a n yo u se e t he m ? 7 The .

ho uses i n the t o w n s a re l a r ge r a n d fi n e r t ha n the ho uses o f the

‘

V ill age s b u t the ga r d e ns a re s m a ll e r

,
8 I n the b a ck gr o un d . .

o n e c a n see hi ll s O n th e h i ll s to the r i gh t s t a nd tw o c a stl es

9 . . .

ro . C astl e s usua lly s t a nd o n b i ll s 1 1 T he se c a stl es are i n . .

r ui ns fo r t he y a re v ery o l d 1 2 I c an see two st ea m e r s o n

, . .

the riv e r a nd a l so t hr e e ro w b o a t s r3 I n the fi e l d s [ t he r e ] - . .

a re c o w s a n d ho r se s 14 T he y a re st a n d i ng und e r the tr e es
. .
,

fo r i t i s v e ry ho t 1
5 T h e l a b o u r e r s a re w o rk i ng i n the fi e l d s
. .

a nd in the w o o d s 1 6 T he y a re m a ki ng hay a nd fell i ng tr e es

. .
,

wi t h t he i r a x es .
5 4 S] L E SSO N x v1 47

E . L ese stuc k Ein M al e r ha tt e e in Bil d ni s vo m So hn e i

e ne s

K a ufma nns ge m a lt De r K u n stl er w a r e i n m a l b e i d e m K a u f

.

m an n a uf Besuc h D er K a ufm a n n z e i gt e ihm d a s Bil d se i n e s

.

So hn e s u nd sagt e : D i eses Bil d ist m e i n e m So hn e se hr ii hn

lic h .
”
D erM a l e r a n t wo rt e t e Da s fr e ut m ic h s eh r a b e r i c h ,

ha b e n o c h k e i n G el d v o n ih m fl i r d a s Bil d e r ha lt e n D er
”
.

V a t e r e r w i d e rt e Da s ist i hm a uc h sehr éi hnl ic h ”

.

L E SSON X V I
P r es ent I n d i cat i v e of toerben .

i rb toerbe l oir wer ben

o
bu l oirit ibr l oerbet

er m i rb iie ioerben
Fo rma l : g ie toerben .

O BS ERV E : T he i c
o f the se o n d a nd t hi r d S i ngul a r .

47 .
baben, mad) en
Fu t u r e I n d i cat i v e of .

I S ha ll ha v e ( m a k e) t ho u w ilt e tc , , .

i d) loerbe baben (mad) en) l oir wer ben baben (mad) en)
bu toirft baben (mad) en) i br roerbet baben (mad) en)
er ioirb baben (mad) en) iie toerben baben (mad) en)
F o r m a l S ie roerben baben
O BS ERV E : T hi s t e nse i s fo r m e d b y a d d i ng the i n fi n it i v e to
the pr ese n t i n d ic a tiv e o f Iverben a s a ux i li a ry ,
.

48 . Fut u r e P er f ect of baben mad) en,

.

I S ha ll ha v e ha d ( m a d e) ,
e tc .

id) l oerbe gebuhr (gemad) t) l oi r toerben geba bt (gemacbt)

ba ben baben
bu ibr merbet geba bt (gemmbt)
baben
er mir b gebabt (gemad) t) buben iie roerben gebabt (gemad) t)
baben
48 G ER MAN G RA MMA R 49

O BSE RV E T hi st ense i s fo r m e d b y i n serti ng the pa st pa rti ci pl e

of the v e rb b efo r e the i nfi n i tiv e o f the fut u r e o f the aux ili a ry .

49 . Wor d Or d er .

Ei ir wer ben gei t baben .

We sh all ti me
ha v e .

(Sr mi rb geit gebabt baben . He w i ll ha v e had ti m e .

O BSERV E : In t hese t enses the i n fi ni t i v e c o m e s at the

p r e c e d e d b y the p a s t p a rti ci pl e if b o t h o cc u r .

50 . S epa r abl e P r efix es .

QIub fcbi cfeu, abreiien . To se nd o u t, to s e t o ut .

S amad) en, anb geben . To cl o se to go o u t

,

sen t the c h i l d o u t
3 d) b i CIl e bub Sbinb unb . I .

mei ft er beute ab ? D o e s he se t o ut to -d a y ?

m
bi tu en © ie bie $ 2111 5 11 . C l o se the d o o r .

d m id b b I w i sh to go
’

S ) toi ) e an guge e n . o ut .

mir b mor gen for tgeben . H e w i ll go aw a y to - m o rr o w .

E3er but bie Eur uufgemad n? Who o pe ne d the d o o ? r

O BSERV E C e rt a i n pr e po si t i o ns a n d a d v e r b s ( su c h a s aub,
: 1 .

mi t, nad) , for t) a r e m u c h u se d a s p r e fi x es to v e rb s, a n d are

a l w a y s str e sse d .

2 . I n the i m pl e t enses t hese pa rt i cl e s c o m e a t the end o f

s

p r i n c i pa l se n t e n c es ( i n cl u d i ng d ir e ct q ue sti o n s a n d c o m m a n d s
) .

T h y r e c e d e a n d a re w ri tt e n as o n e w o r d w i t h the i n fi ni
3 . e p
t i v e (w i t h o r wi t ho ut 511) a n d the pa st pa rti c i pl e w her e v e r t he se ,

o cc ur .

51 . I ns epar abl e P r efi x es . 1 . T he p r e fix es be er can»,

ent ge b er acr ar e a l way s i nsepa r a b l e a nd unstr ess ed .

2 . V e r b s w i t h t he se pr e fi x es om it the ge of the p as t pa rti «

c ipl e

E etrad flen Q ie bub E il b . O b serv e the pict u r e .

61 but bub g unb b erl uuft . H e has so l d the ho u se .

§ 5 2] L E SSO N X V I 49

5 2 C o mpo und v erb s are c o nj uga t ed l i k e the si m pl e

. v er b s
fr o m w h ic h t he y a re d eriv e d : unb l cbid en, fd) i d te aub, unb

ge id fid t; unb teigen, f i
f g
t e unb , uub g f
e tiegen .

E X E R C IS E XV I

uu ff b te en ( ftunb, ge ftunben) , ber fi affee, —b c o ffe e,

.

to ge t u p, ri se . l uufen, to b uy .

ber Enb fing, me

, ex u c r ber S erb, —eb , “e, b a sk e t .

i
s on, p ic n ic .
b ad en,
to pa ck .

aub pad en, to u npa ck . ber El ub, —eb , —e, pl a c e '

.

'
f
uub teigen, to get o ff, get o u t . ber Erooiu nt, p r o vi si o n s .

anb ind) en to p i c k o ut se l e ct , ,
.
i)
d on,
a lr e ad y .

ber E ubnbof e s ta ,
u
, bet g ebnb,
'
she l t er , pro
t i on . tec ti o n .

begl ei ten to a cc o mpan y go , , fogl eid) i m m ed i a t ely

,
.

w ith .
fteigen ftieg geftiegen to
, , ,

einpud en to pa ck u p ,
. m o u nt cli m b , .

einftei gen to go ab o a r d ,
. bie ©trubenbubn — en s tr e e t , ,

er ft fi r st n o t b e fo r e .
, ,
r a i l w a y tra m , .

bie Sabrl urte —n t ick e t ( fo r , , ber S ee, —b , tea .

tra v e lli ng) . trinl en, tranl , getrnnl en, to

f b
rii e a rly
,
. d ri nk .

bab (b aitbuub — eb “er ho t e l , , , , unterbe en, fi m ea nw hi l e , i n the

i nn . m e a n ti m e .

bei fen (d a t ) bui f gebol fen to r , , , b iell ei cbt pe r ha ps,

.

hel p . mel t far ,

.

baffentl icb i t i s to b e ho ped I , , ber si1 g e tr a i n

,
u
,
.

u l o r e t ur n
ho pe .

gu r d ebren t ,
.

I D IO M : (5 1118 11 Enbfi ug mad) en, to m a ke a n e xc u s o n , ri go on a

p i i cn c .

A . 1 .
©offentiid) toirb bub Ebetter mor gen id) on iein .

2 . SDann toerben ini r i

e nen Qi ub fing mad) en .
3 . ESir loerben

frub auffteben unb mi t ber g trafgenbabn gum E abnbof fabren .

.
Bebrer toirb unb begl ei ten 5 (S or t ioerben mir er it
4 fib er S . .

bie bubrl urten l olen ( b uy) unb bann einfteigen 6 S n E lu

''

.
.
 50 G ER MAN GR AM MA R f§ 5 2

menbad) toerben o ir uub teigen

l i bi i dn to eit non E i it ein
.
7 . .

l b ul b
‘
neben bem (S ee . 8 .
S m ESai be toerben roir unb ei nen

Eiab i anb nd) en . l o ir f i d) aniere lib rbe

9o g.i e E ot t toerben

aubpud en ; Etarie toirb unb bel fen (Sieltern baben mir

‘ ‘

ro .
.

i)
d E i fii i r f g eingepud t 1 1 Q ann
ll ub l u
i
‘

on ro o ant r un e en . .

werben l oi r Eee unb fi uffee mad) en ll nterbefien iver

‘

1 2 . . s

ben bie Q inber E l nmen fur ben Ei ld) pfi ud en 1

3 E una . .

wer ben toir effen unb trinl en 1 4 (Sb ioirb oiell ei d) t r egnen . .
.

15 Eli ab wer ben ® ie bunn tun ?

. 1 6
S m bj uftbaufe beb .

E orfeb inerben l oi r @ d) nb iud) en 1 7 E cb Ebenbb roerben . .

roir mit bem ga ge <gur Q tubt gurud i ebren

'
'
.

8 .
S d) mud) e beute ei nen Qi nb fiug bu 2c ; id)
C o n t i nu e :
, ,

mad) te geifer n 2c ; id) babe beute gemad) t 2c ; ,

i d) butte geitern gemad) t 2c ; i d) l oerbe mor gen ,

mad) en 2c ; i d) toerbe
, gemad) t baben 2c Si m il a rly ,
.

c o n ti nue i n al l the Six t e n ses : 1 S d) fptel e 1111 ESulbe 2C .

,
.

S ) d l f m i { b l b b i c
3 S d)
‘

2 . un e e ne y u r arta u e ne re ,
. .

f ) d i m (Sj aitbauj e 55 d) ut§ 4 S d) pud e Erooiunt ein

f ‘

u e . .
.

5 S d) ind) e ei nen Ei ab unb

. .

C O r al. 1 Wi r d e s m o rge n r egnen

. 2 W ird d as W ett er .

m o rg e n sc ho n se i n ? 3 Wa s w e r d e n Sie d a n n tun ? 4 M a c hen

. .

S ie ge r n A usfl ii ge ? 5 We r w i r d d i e K Orb e pa ck e n
. 6 Wer .

w ir d S i e z u m Ba hnho f b ri n ge n 7 Wie w e r d en Si e fa hr e n ? .

8 We r w i r d d en Pl a tz a ussuc he n
.
9 W e r d e n Sie so gl e ic h .

e sse n ? 10 Wa s w er d e n Sie e r s t tun ? 1 1 Was w er d e n d i e

. .

Ki nd e r un t e r d esse n tun ? 1 2 W a un w er d en Sie z u r St a d t .

z urii c kkehre n ? 1
3 Wie w e r d e n Sie z u ruc kke hre n ?
.

D .I t i s to b e ho pe d i t w i ll no t r a i n to -m o rr o w
1 . 2 No , . .

i t w ill b e fi ne to -m o rro w 3 T hen 1 S ha ll go o n a n exc ur si o n . .

w i t h m y t ea c he r 4 H e l i k es to go o n e x c ur s i o ns w i t h us
. . .

5 .M a n y fri e nd s w i ll a cc o m pa n y u s 6 M o t he r w i ll p a ck the . .

b ask e t s t hi s v e n i n g 7 M y si st e r w i ll hel p her 8 I S ha ll go to

e . . . .

the st a t i o n i n (11111) the str eet—

r ai l wa y 9 F a t he r and m o t he r c a n . .
 '

5 3] L E S SO N XV I I 51

d r i v e to the t t i o n 1 0 T he t ea c he r w i ll pick o u t a pl a c e i n
s a . .

the w o o d s 1 1 M y a u n t w ill m ak e the c o ffe e 1 2 M o t he r

. . . .

will un pa ck the b a sk e t s 1 3 We shall e a t a nd d r i n k a nd pl a y

. .

i n the w o o d s 14 T he n the c hil d r e n w i ll s i ng a n d d a n c e

. .

und e r the tr e e s 15 We shall e nj o y o u rse lv es v e ry m uc h

. . .

1 6 Sha ll yo u r e t u r n w i t h the tr a i n to the ci ty

. 1 7 No we .
,

m us t r e t u r n w i t h the st e a m e r .

E . L e s e s tu c k : D e r D i c ht e r R o sse tt i w a r
c h als M al er b e au

ru hm t Ei n Fii rst a u s I n d i e n b e suc hte ihn e i n m a l u nd sa gt e

.

z u ihm
“
K Onne n Sie m ir e in Bi l d n i s v o n m e i ne m V a t e r
m a l en I st I hr H err V a t e r j e tzt i n L o nd o n fr agt e d e r
“
K uns tl er N e in rn ein V a t e r i st to t a n t w o rt e t e d er F ii rst
”
. .
, ,

H ab e n Sie vi ell e i c ht e i ne Pho t o gr a phi e vo n ihm ? “

Nei n
”
,

wi r ha b e n gar k e i n Bil d n i s v o n ihm “

Wi e k a nn i c h d e nn .

se i n Bil d n i s m a l e n ? Da s ist un m o glic h E s i st l aic he rl ic h D a s

'

. .

k a nn ic h n i c ht tun “
W eshal b i st e s l éic herlic h
. e r w i d e rt e

d e r F ur st “
Sie ha b e n Céi sa r H a n n i b a l un d d ie z w o l f A po st e l
.
,

g e m a l t 5 w a r um kOnne n Sie d enn m e i ne n V a t e r n i c ht m a l e n

L E S SON X V II
Weak Decl ens i on of N oun s .

V II . ber fi na be, b o y .

ber (St uf, c o unt .

ber ib r ai
beb (Sj ruf en
bem (S
j ruf en
ben (b ruf en
5 2 G ER MAN GR AM MA R 54

IX . bie E l nme, fl o w er .

N . bie E l nme bie E l nme n

G . ber E l nme ber E l nme n
D . ber E l nme ben E l nme n
A . bie E l nme bie E l ume n
NO TE S .
— I . Fo r l
c a sse s of n o uns so d ec li n ed , s ee I e ss o n X IX .

2 . lj err d r o
p s e b e fo r —11 i n th s i ng l r
e e u a : G en itiv e,
'

lgerrn, 2C .

R E MARK S : v a ri a t i on s o f
1 . T hese m o d e l s a re all th e sa m e

ty pe o f d ecl e n si o n c a ll ed the w ea k d e cl en si o n , .
’

2 I n m asc uli n es all c as es o f the S i ngul a r ex c ep t

.
, the n o mi :

na t i v e en d i n — n or —
,
en .

3 T h e p.l ur a l s e n d i n —
n o r —en t hr o ugho u t .

54 . Mix ed Decl en s i on of Nouns .

X . ber E ume, nam e .

N . ber E ume bie Wume n

G beb E ame nb ber E ume n
D . bem Si ame n ben E ume n
A ben E ame n bie E ame n

XI . ber E etter, c o us i n .

ear .

N bub E br bie E br ea
G . beb E br ( e) b ber E br ea
D . bem E br ( e) ben Q br en
A . bub E br bie E br ea
N O TE . Fo r l
c asse s o f n o u ns so dec li n e d , see L e sso n X I X .
54 G ER MAN G RA M MA R 55

A . 1 . l i k e Raube : mein S unge bi eler E uuer

D e cl i n e , .

L i k e E l nme : mei ne i irfdn bie fl urtoffel

b ’
2 .
3 L ik e (b raj , . .

i ein Ei enfd) mel d) e Sran ? 4 L ik e E ume: ber ea ume

,
.
.

5 .L i k e D b r : biel e b S n ie l t 6 L ik l l i ad) bur

e E etter : un er E . .
.

7 Supply the r e m a i ni ng c a ses o f the fo ll o w i ng : m

. ole
—n ; E ube (m) — n — n ; El ana ( m ) — eb , i rble
er ; (S , , ,
u

—n ; Seber —
n ; E ett ( n ) —eb —eu g aten m
; p ( ) , , ,

-
b , fiiub ii cbt en .

E .
©i nter a ufer em { mule baben roir ei nen (b at ten
1 . .

© bi i O u i f b d) mi t ei nem Q uaben
'

2 . er ut nn e r r tn er b e e fi o e

gear beitet 3 E i efer Q nabe i ft ein E uiie ber G obn eineb

. .
,

E auern 4 E er S unge but bie E eete mi t ei nem S puten um

. . s

gegr aben unb ber Gur tner bat geiut unb gepfl ungt 5 El ei a . .

E ater butte i bnen ben g umen gegeben 6 fiber z ei l beb . .

(Sl urtenb red) tb i it fiir bub (Semitic unb ber Eeil l inl b fur bie
’

E inmen 7 65 elt e
.r n b ab en f i e. R ar to ffel n un b E om uten g e=

pf gi an t unb an,d) G rb fe n un b E ob nen 8 S m E l nmengarten . .

wer ben bie E ei l d) en bul b bl ii l) en 9 E ie fil pfel =nnb E irn= . .

buume wer ben and) bul b i n E l ii te li eben Di e S

G birfd nn
'

10 . .

toerben rm S uni r ei f iein ; bie E irnen unb fii pfel im E l tober .

1 1 sj offentl id) ioerben bie S nl el ten bieieb S abr a i d) t oiel

.

© d) aben unrid) ten 1 2 fib ir baben mcbr E bft unb (Sl emiile

. .

ul b uniere E ud) burn 13 (Si emii fe unb E bft iinb bem El em

. .

id) en nnentbebrl id) .

C . O ra lfib unn begi nnen bie Ei enfd nn im Oarten an

: 1 .

ar bei ten ? 2 fibu u l g f

b t n i e uer t ? .
3 fib ie gr uben fie ben .

(bat ten um ? 4 fib o l i egt S br (b at ten ? 5 fib er but bi ele. .

fib od) m bl ar i eu gear b i t t
e i e e ? 6 fib r but
e m i t i m
b g r ea be it et ? .

7 fib ab baben ii e getan ?
. 8 fib ab fii r E l nmen ii nb in S brem .

(b ar t en ?
9 Sj at b er S g
un e G.ng f) g
l i d el er n t ? 10 fib i e a i t .

i it er ? fib efien ® obn i it er ? 1 2 fib ab fitr E bft baben

'

1 1 . .

C
f
Z ie ? 1 3 fib ann roirb bub E bft r ei f?
. 1 4 fib ub tun bie .

S niel ten ?
‘
 5 6] L ESSO N XV I I I 55

D . 1 . V ege t a b l es i nd i sp ensab l e to ( the) m en

a nd fr u i t ar e .

2 . T he y m us t ha v e ga r d en s 3 T hey d ig up the ga r d e n w i t h . .

a s pa d e 4 T he n the ga r d e n e r s so w a n d pl a n t
. .
5 O ur ga r . .

d e ner i s a Ru ssi a n 6 H is fa t he r a nd m o t he r w e r e pea sa n t s

. . .

7 . H e r e o n t he l e f t he w i ll pl a n t the c a b b a e a n d t o m a t o e s
g .

8 Y o n d e r he wi ll pl a n t the b ea n s a n d pe as
.
9 H e b o ugh t the . .

s eed y est er d a y 10 H e has a lr ea d y pl a n t e d the po t a t o es

. . .

I I I n w hi c h m o n t h d o peo pl e pl a n t t he m ? 1 2 T he pea r tr ees

. .
-

a re i n fl o w e r i n A pri l o r May 1 3 We hav e p ick ed the . .

c herri e s a lr ea d y 1 4 We ha d m o r e c he rr i es t hi s y ea r t han
. .

o ur n e i ghb o u r s 1 5 I n O ct o b e r we sha ll p i ck o ur a ppl es an d

. .

e ars 1 6 T he i n se ct s d o m u c h d a m age i n the gar d en

p . . .

E . Qeieftii cf
g onnenfcbein unb fib l utenbuft, Hub bie g rinnetterl inge fi d)
® u€> i it ein Bergnii gen !
‘
2 q ben g uimen wi egen
18 mm in q uer SJZuienq t 9M) , mie i it es bu T
o fe
bbn
“
{g od} b i e <
3 er cben fl i egen . l i ef im (Si ms 311 Ii egen
233 mm be3 E Bud) es fl i ell en iid)
~
l i a b 3trm g immef uufgufebn !
CDurd) bie QSIumen fcbmiegeu, $ 0 5 i it ein QSergnfxgen !

L E SS ON X VI I I
5 6 Decl ens i on of A t t r ib u t i v e A dj ect i v es
. 1 W hen no t pre . .

c e d e d b y a d e t e r m i n a tiv e, t he y t a k e the e n d i n s o f the bie er

g f
mo d el 3 1 ) t hr o ugho ut ( Str o ng F o r m) .

T E —T he ti l
NO . ar a n d i d f a dj s
c es,
po ss ess i nt err o g d e mo ns tr
.
, .
, .
, n e . . a re

ca ll d d t rm i tiv
e e e na es .
’

2 W he n pr ec ed ed b y the d e fi nit e a rti cl e o r a d e t e r m i na ti v e

.

o f the biefet m o d e l t h e y t a k e the e n d i ng — 0 i n the n o m i n a tiv e

‘

s i ngul a r o f a l l
g e nd e r s a n d i n the a c c usa tiv e s i ngul a r fe m i n i ne ,

a nd n e ut e r ; o t he r w i se — en t hr o u ho u t W a k Fo r m
g ( e
) .

3 W hen pr e c e d e d b y a d e t e r m i na ti v e o f the rn ein m o d e l

.

t he y t ak e the e nd i ngs — er c — c§ i n the n o m i na t i v e si n u l a r

g ,
-
,

—
,

a nd cu c —c6 i n the a cc usa tiv e si ngul a r ; o t he r w i se —

,
-
, en

t hr o ugho ut ( M i xed F o r m}
56 G E RMAN G RAM MA R [ g57

I . STRON G F O RM . II . W EAK F O RM . I II . M I X ED F ORM .

M
N —er —e e6 - —
e —e —e —
et —e — 3
es

G —e6 —er —eé -

eu —eu —eu —
eu —eu —eu
D —em —er —em —eu —eu eu - —eu —eu —eu
A —eu —e e6 - —eu —e —e eu —
-
e —e§
mz er s A l/ m ’
A /d A l / g e n a er s
’ ’
.
ge z ers .

N .
—e —
eu —eu
G —er -e
u -e
u
—
.

D —eu —
eu eu
—
.

A . e —eu —eu
N O T E —I n the m i xe d fo r m , th e a d j f ll w th bl efet m d l
. o o ly i n s e
‘
o e on

the thr e pl a c w h r th mei u m d

e es e e e o e l l k d i ti n tiv nd i g
ac s m l s c e e n s, n a e y,

n m s i ng m s c
o . n d n e ut. d a . a . an acc. s i ng ut ; t h rw i it i li k th
. ne . o e se s e e

w ea k fo r m .

57 . P a r ad i g m s w i t h N oun s .

I ST RO N G F O RM . .

Go o d w i ne . Go o d so u p . G o o d gl a ss .

N .
gut er QBeiu gute ©uppe guteé (b i as
G .
gut e§ (eu) S
IBeiueé guter @ uppe gute§ (eu) ®Iuies 3
D .
gut em QBeiue guter € uppe gut em (Maie
A .
guten QBeiu gute ©uppe guteé (Si l ué

G o o d w i n es, e tc .

N .
gute QBeiue, g uppen, (Si l uier
G .
guter QBeiue, g uppen, (Si l ufer
D .
guten QBeiueu, g uppen, ®Iuieru
A .
gute QBeiue, ® uppeu, (wafer
NO T ES . 1 . Be fo r e a gen . in the a d j . us u a lly h —eu as .

2. T he e n d ng i —e§ of th e n o m . a n d a c c . s ng . i n ut i ft en d r
e . s o o
pped i n
po e ty
r a n d so m e ti m es in p r
o se .

3 A d j s a f e pe s p
. . t r r . r o ms . a re tr n g e c i n d t si g
s o ,
x . a . n . a n d no m .
p l ur .
,

r
whe e w e a k e nd ngs a re i c o mm o ner 93m urmeu SD
: Iunue .
s 5 7] L E SSO N XVI II 57

II . WEAK FO RM .

T he go o d m an . T he go o d wo m an . The go o d c hi l d .

? ber gute E lJtuuu bie gute % ruu bub gute Q iub

fi m
beb guten E uuueb ber guten gr au beb guteu Q iubeb
b bem guten Emuuue ber guteu gruu bem guteu Q iube
b beu guten 912m m bie gute % ruu bub gute Q iub

T he go o d m e n , e tc .

? bie guten anner , m gr auen , fi iuber

D
N
ber guten Elfi uuuer, gr auen , fi iuber
E beu guten Sfi uuueru, gruueu , Q iuberu
S bie guten manner , gr auen , Q iuber

III . M IX E D FO R M .

S i ng u l a r
My go o d ha t . M y go o d a xe .

mei u guter S
j ut mei ne gute b ut
meineb guteu g uteb meiner guten 91st
mei nem guten g ute mei ner guten first
meiueu guten g ut meiue gute b ut
My go o d b o o k .

? meiu gut eb E Buct)

3
9 meineb guteu éBucbeb
5 mei nem guten éBucbe
S mei u guteb Qi ud)

My go o d ha t s, e tc .

? meiue guten g ute, 91m , e bum

s
fi mei ner gut en g ute , film , 23mm
b meiueu guteu g uten , bitten , Qi ii dmu
S mei ne guten g ute, 251m ,
SBii ctm
58 G ER M AN GR AM MA R 58

R EMAR K : T wo or m o re j ct i v es
ad e q u al i fyi ng the sa m e n o un

fo llo w the s am e fo r m : (Si uter al ter , , rater QBeiu ; beb guteu,

uIteu, roteu QBeiueb, te .

58 . A dj ecti v es us ed S ub s ta nt iv el y .

Gin ul teb §Bucb unb eiu ueueb . An old bo o k a nd a n ew o n e .

D er bl ue ; bie ?Itte
”
. T he o ld m a n ; the old w o m an .

b ie QIIteu pe o pl e (a n c i en t s)
r
. T he O ld .

SDub CSj ute uub bub © d) oue . T he go o d a n d the b ea uti ful .

O BSERV E t r a dj e ct i v es a s in
T he E ngli sh af e
’
the
‘
: I . o ne ,

fi r s t e x a m pl e i s no t to b e tr a n sl a t e d i n t o G e r m a n
,
.

2 A ttr i b u ti v e a dj e ctive s m ay b e use d sub st a n tiv e ly a n d

.
,
are

t he n w r i tt en w i t h a c api t a l .

E X E RC IS E XV III

ul o, l t hus a cc o r d i ngly
so ,
f e b l ett,( fi a t
) t o b e m i ssi n
g a il .
, , .

uufommeu (tam gefommeu) fr agen to a sk , , ,

.

to a rriv e .
f )
i i l l e n to fe el ,
.

ber mbeti t a pp e t i t e
'
guug , w ho l e . .

arm
“
er po o r
, , gar nid) t no t a t all
.
,
.

'
bie Ql l genei eu
‘

m e d i c i n e gebeu gi ng gegangen to go
,
-
, , , , , ,

phyfi c . w a lk .

bet ii bmt c el e b r a t e d fa mo us bei fieu hiefg gelj ei igeu to b e

’

, , .
, , ,

bi tter b i tt e r, c a ll ed n a m e d
.
,
.

bt ei t b r o a d w i d e
’

, ber fl opfi dj merg —

, eb
. —eu ,
—
, ,

bub E B w t — e b e b r ea d l o a f
, he a d a c he (usua lly pl )
, , , . .

buruuf t her e u po n t he n
, l ieb d ea r , .
,
.

ber D ieuer —
’
b se rv a n t nachit n e x t
'

, , .
,
.

ber S ofter ( ib r)
”
—b — eu ber b utie ut —eu — eu pa t i e n t
, , ,
'
, , ,
.

d o ct o r (a c a d e m i c d egr ee) ber b ul b —eb e pul se .

, ,
-
,
.

ei ntr eten (tr at getr eten) to pil nftl id) pu nct u al , , , .

e nt e r .
ber (i ctiui fumerub — eu — eu f
, ,

eublid) a t l a s t fi n a lly
, s c ho o l fe ll o w s c ho o l m a t e
, .
- -
, .

effeu afg , g g fi
e e eu to ,e a t b i e g t ru e —
fg u str ee t ,
.

bub Gifeu —
.
, ,

b m ea l d i n n e r
, ber I t aum , e d r ea m , .

,
”

,
.
 5 8] L E SS O N XV I I I 59

'
u ngebul big, i mpa ti ent . marten to w a i t ( fo r uuf a m ) , , ,
.

neriebrei ben b ericbrieb ,

ti er mi nfen ,
to b e ck o n s .

i)
d ri eben t o p r es c ri b e , gei gen to S ho w
.
,
.

b orig l a s t fo r m e r —
bie Bunge n t o ngu e ,
. .
, ,

D I O MS
I : I . fi r st phy i c i n m d i a l m
s ; D oftnr i th e a
a , d mi c e c an
‘
s ca e

de gre i e n any fa c u lty .

2 . ?IBie gebt S huen, $ 8“ D DIIDI ?

‘ ’
H ow a re
yo u, d o c to r ?

3 .
S d) b i ge Si arI M y
e ,
na m e is C ha rl es ; fel t hei fit er? What is h i s
na m e ?

A . I . D ecl i n e i n the s ngu ai l r i n G e r m an : W hi t e b r ea d ,

go o d c a bb age red ink 2 I n the pl ur a l : R i p e a ppl es

,
. .
,
old

b o o k s b ea u ti ful ha nd s
, 3 I n full : W hic h gr ea t riv e r . .
,
my

go o d fr i e n d t hi s fi n e v i e w y o u r w hit e r o se the s m a ll c hil d

, , , ,
my
l i ttl e r o o m 4 C o nt i nu e w i t h si m il a r exa m pl es
. . .

5 Qi ot igen (D ienb tug Q rfi Iue

'

. 1 . .

3 d) mar gar nid) t Iub bI .

3 .
3 d) butte beftige Ropfidmter

gen {Dieier gute s

.
j err i
4 it. ein aIter 6 d) uI
greunb unb

Iurnerub meineb Ii eben fiButerb .

5 . (CZein neueb Sj uub itebt in
i r iebbnen br ei ten © trufge S d) Iunt pii nItIicI) an uber
'

e ne . 6 .
,

{h
t an inurteten b ieIe Il ngebuIbige .
7 D
S i e
.
ie Inure n a r rue B
‘ u s

beb berii brnten ? Irsteb

ti enten 8 . . QIIIo nt ufite i cI) ei ne gauge
g tunbe marten 9 a IicI) minIte mir ber . .
uIte b i ener unb
C
i d) tr ut ein f Sb .
j r {g
I o reunb 9 " QBub eI) It nen, rnein unge

fr agte ber fi r st 1 1 { S ub Iunn icI) S huen ni a) t Iagen { j err

. .
,

© 0 Itor bub rnii fien ©ie rnir Iagen

,
1 2 b
g n ® ie guten
u e . .

(i ie fl opficfmergen nucI)
? “
QIppetit 13 fi i ein
“
14 . . .

bem Gfien ? “
1 5
S uinobI iebr hefti ge 1 6 3 d) Id) q e .
" , . .

nid) t gut unb babe oft boie Z raunte S um mutate

“ '

1 7 . .

icI) i f)ni mei ne Bunge gei gen unb er fuI) Ite rneinen ‘BuIb .

1 8 .CDuruuf b erfcbrieb er mir ei ne bi tter e 91r5enei unb j agte

Q omni en S ie ncicbfte 233m mI i b
'

n e er .

C . C o n ti nue : 1 . SBorige QBocIn gi ng i d) aunt ?Irgte,

gingft bu, 3 d) turn punItIirI) an 3 S IBub feI) Ite i ni r ?
‘
zc . 2 . . .
60 G ER MAN GR AM MA R [ g 58
“

bir, zc .
4 .
3 6) rnu fite Iunge marten .
5 .
S d) I)abe ben
(b at ten umgegr aben .

D . Was fehlt e I hnen ? 2 Z n wem gi ngen Si e ?

O r al : 1 . .

3 War m?
.
4 Wi e he iBt er ? 5 I st er e in b e rii hm ter A rzt ?
. .

6 WO w o hnt e r ?
.
7 W a r e n s c ho n vi el e d a ? 8 We r w a r . .

d a ? 9 Wa s t a t en s ie ?
. Io Wie l a nge muBten Si e w art en ? .

1 1 Was sagt en Sie z u m A rz te ? 1 2 Was tat er d ar auf ?

. .

13 Wa r m w er d en Sie w i ed e r z u i hm gehen ?
.

E . M y e l d e r b r o t he r o ft en has v i o l en t head a c hes 2 L ast

I . . .

w ee k h e w en t to a n O l d fr i e n d 3 T hi s go o d gen tl e man i s a . .

fa m ous phy s i c i a n 4 H e a nd o ur d e a r fa t her a re o l d sc hoo l

. .

m a t es 5 M
.
y p o o r b r o t he r d i d n o t a rri v e punct ua lly
.
-
6 A o . .

c o rd i n gl y h e ha d to w a i t a l o ng t i m e 7 T he o l d s e rv a n t a t . .

l a st b eck o ne d to hi m to e nt e r 8 T he k i nd o l d gentl e man . .

a sk e d :
“
W ha t is the m a tt e r w i t h yo u ? 9 M y b r o t he r re
”
.

pl i e d I O ft en ha v e vi o l en t he a d a c he s a nd d o no t sl eep v e ry ,

w e ll I a l so ha v e b a d d r e a ms Do yo u enj o y (use
”
. IO . I t . .

fm m o ur ( the d i n ne r ?
“
d t ecf ) y ) 1 2 0 y e s I
3 S ho w m e
”
.
, . .

y o u r t o n gu e T hen the d o ct o r fe lt the pa t i e n t s pul se

” ’
I 4 . .
,

a n d sa i d Y o u ha v e b e en ea t i ng to o m uc h 1 5 T a k e a w a lk . .

e v e ry m o r ni n g in the fr esh a i r 1 6 H e r e is a l so a bi tt e r . .

m ed i c i n e I 7 I t i s b i tt er b ut i t i s v ery goo d
. . 18 Co m e , . .

a ga i n n ex t T hu r sd a y .

F . L es estu c k : Man m uB kl e i n en K i nd er n i mm er di e Wahr

he i t sagen . D i es
r fuhr unse r gut e r G ro fi va ter ei n ma l E i ner
e .

“
vo n s ei n en E n k el n fr ag t e ihn : Gro Bv a ter wa r um i st d e i n ,

H aa r so w eiB? I c h b i n sehr al t a n t wo rt et e er “
Wie a l t ,
”
.

“
b i st d u d e nn G r o apa ? fragt e d a s K i n d w i ed e r ”
,
Ac h .
,

i c h war s c ho n m it N o a h i n d er A rc he Da n n b i s t d u w o hl
”
.

e i n e r v o n se i n en SOhn en ? N e in d a s b in i c h n i c ht
” ”
.
,

“
A b e r d u k a nn s t d o c h n i c ht se i n e Fr au sei n a l so mufi t d u
e i n s vo n d en T i er en i n d e r A rc he se i n
”
.
62 GER MA N GR AM MA R 59

B . W EAK DEC L EN SIO N . C . M IX E D D ECL EN SIO N .

V II fi nube .

V I I I ®ruf . X .
bi ume M o d el .

IX E BIume .

S i ng [ V —(e)
. . N .
—(e) ?
—(e)n b —(e)nb —e b
G . fl ( )
D .
—
( e)n b —(e u
) b —e
()
A .
-
( ) en b —(e)n S

P l u r ZV —(e)u ? —en
() ? —( e)n
t ()
. .

G .
—(e)n i
—e n fi —e n
( )
D .
—(e)n b —(e
) u fl
b —(e u
)
A .
—(e)u D
e —e u
() 2 b —(e n
)
T hu s are de T hus a re de T hu s a re de
c lin e d : A ft e r V I I .
,
c l in e d Tho se i n c l in e d : A ft e r X L,
m a sc s . in — e; af e t r A pp A , 7 . . the n o un s i n A pp .

VI I I .
,
m a sc s . of A, r ej e c t i n g e
8,
A pp A , 6, m a n y fo r
. t h r o u g h o u t ; a ft e r
e ign m a sc s .
,
all X II t ho s e in A pp
.
,
.

fe m s (
exc e pt as in A 9 fo r e i gn m asc s .

i n unstr esse d —
.
, ,

A pp A , 3 , a n d t ho s e
. or .

i n—e) ; a ft e r I X , a ll .

fe rn s i n .
—
e .

E XE RCI SE X IX

bub QI benbbrut su pp e r .

b
uub ru en, to r es t r e po se ,
.

bie QIbea uft, v

e, e e n n g a i r i . einicq fen (fci ef geicq fen) , ,

uIIe ( )
pl , al l . to go to sl ee p .

f
an angen (fi ng gefangen) , ,
to feucht d a m p
,
.

b eg i n . bub gutter — b fo d d e r fo o d
, , , .

ber QI rbeiter, —b ,
’
wo rk m a n . bie S i
j g l e h ea t ,
.

uufbbl en to c e a se s to p hungri g hungry

‘

. .
, , ,

uufiteigen (ftieg geftiegen) , ,

to in (a m ) i n t o , .

r i s e m o un t , .
 59] L E SS O N X I X 63

fomnt en, Iant, geIonunen, to ber © taII, t bl e

s a .

come . ber @ tern, —e s t ar

,
.

Iebt l a s t
,
.
j ii fg, s w ee t .

Ieucbten to ,
i
sh n e . ber SZau, d ew .

Inti be ti r e d
'

fa ti gue d . ber I ei d) , —e, po n d .

, ,

ber mebeI ,
—
b ,
fo g, m i s t . ber Qi ogeI, —b , 2
,
b ir d .

—n, — b r QBag n, b,—

bet c i n, e e w ago n,
‘

e, ox . c ar

ruucben to sm o k e ,
. ri a ge ,

bie 9311 6
6 r es t r epo se , ,
. bi e QBOIIC, —n, cl o ud .

w hen to r est ,
. ber Smeig ,
—e , b r a n c h,
ber g cbornftein ,
—
e ,
b o u gh .

c hi mney
S d) bin j utt, I ha v e ha d e n o ugh to e a t.

Rev i ew L esso n s X I I I, X V, X V I I , X V I I I .

A 6b mir b QIbenb
. 1 2
. fDie QBDIIen unb ber S j im nt eI . .

merben rot 3 fDie { Mtge I) at aufgebbrt 4 58 0 m E . l bafier

. . .

beb il eicbeb fteigt ein Sli ebeI uuf 5 Q ub Gr ub i it feucht b unt . .

Euu 6 S n ber QI bea uft j pieIen b ieIe S nieIten

. .
7 S b ic . .

QSbgeI uuf ben 3 meigen ber E Buurne iingen iI)r Ietgteb, fii fieb
Bi
‘ eb 8 D i 2Irbeiter Iuni nten b orn ge e nucI) Sj auie
C
. e g . .

9 D dfi n unb Sh n e, Bferbe unb € d) ufe geI) en in ben © taII

‘
. e i .

1o .?I IIe iinb ntii be unb municben anbguruben 1 1 i’I ber . .

ib tenirben unb i iere iinb and) I)ungrig unb marten uuf i I)r
QIbenbbrot 1 2 QSuIb wer ben iie uber nIIe j utt iein, benn ber
. .

( i dm
f
rnj tein ruucI) t unb bie QBugen bri ngen gutter 1 3 Q ann . .

Ionnen iie gur Stube geI) en unb einicq fen 14 Sb i c ©ter ne . .

merben buIb anfangen 5u Ieucbten .

Decl i net hro ugho ut p re fi x in g a ll i

’
b . I . the fo o w n g n o uns ,

po sse ssi v e pr o no u n a nd a n a ppr o pri a t e a dj e ctiv e fi lt h SBuum , ,

BetI Sj uub 5150 geI i b ugen @ d) uf ©taII

E , ,
2 De cli n e w it h
, , , . .

d e fini t e a rti cl e o r biej er a nd a n a dj ectiv e s melt j cf) Sufi Gi r ab , , ,

IBDIIe g immeI QIbenb QIrbeiter S nieft

S , 3 D ecli ne w it h
, , , . .

a n a dj ec t i v e O nly : Si ebel z ei d) ©ter n Qieb iBferb Q d fie , , , , , ,

g tuII ‘Z i er
@ cI) ornItein
, , .
64 GE R MA N GRAM M A R 60

C . O ral on A .

D . I . It ( )
eb is a b ea ut i ful v
e en ng i
cl o ud s a re . 2 . R ed
i n (an) the sky 3 I t i s n o l o nge r so ho t
. .
4 A w hi t e fo g . .

i s r i si ng fr o m the w a t er o f a l a rge po nd 5 T he li ttl e b i r d s . .

a r e si ngi n g sw ee t s o ngs i n the g r ee n tr e es 6 T he t i r e d w o rk . .

m en are r etu r ni ng fr o m t he i r wo rk i n the fi e l d s 7 T he y are . .

hungry ; b ut a b r i ght fi re i s b ur n i ng a n d a go o d suppe r w i ll ,

b e w ai t i ng fo r t he m 8 T he n t he y c an go to (the) r e s t
. . .

S o o n th e b r i ght st a r s w i ll b egi n to shi ne

9. .

E . beieftii d
K l ein z murie .

Sm urie uuf ber fib ieie, 3 mij d) enben ©tera umen mei fi

2 q ber i biej e E l l i urie, ll nb ben ®Iod en j o bIau
QI IIe (Si rii j er unb SBIunt en unb ben goIb nen StununIeIn,
’

© iub grbfier aIb fie (Si, mab i d) bu j d) uu !

’
.

mir mir b id mu gang bung ,

E
’
ib ub i ft Iei ne g tera um
’

QBeiI i d) ni rgenb ii e Gin p e i n i it bub .

S d) I) ub jie b erIoren,
’
3 d) I)ub fi e gefunben,
’

fli erIoreu int Q Iee . i efunben int (Sirub

(S .

Eroj un .

L E SS O N x x
Compound T ens es of iei n .

I ha v e b een, e tc . I ha d b een , e tc .

i d) bin gemej en id) mar gemeien

bu bi ft bu murft
er i it er m ur

mir iinb mir mur en

ibr j eib i br mart
iie iinb jie mur en
'
g 62] L ES SON XX 65

I sha ll hav e b e en , e tc .

id) wer be gemej en fein

bu mir it
er mir b
mir merben
iI) r merbet
fie merben
P et) ; I nfi n .
gemej en ( 511) fei n ,
to ha v e

Compound T ens es of fowmen .

I ha v e co me , etc . I had co me ,
e tc .

id) bin geIonunen i d) mur getommen

bu bi ft bu murft
er i it er mur
mir j inb mir mur en
iI) r j eib tI)r murt
iie iinb iie mur en

I s ha ll ha v e co me ,
e tc .

merbe getmnmen iei n

id)
bumirft
er mir b
mir merben
iI)r merbet
fie merben
I nfi n .
getonnnen (311) iein to ha v e c o m e ,
.

62 . V er bs w i th ein
f . T he fo ll o wi ng cl a sses O f v e rbs a re c o n ‘

j uga t ed wi ht Iein as an auxi l i ary of t ense

I . T he two v e rb s o f r est

iein ,
be . bIeiben, r e ma i n .
66 GE R MA N GR AMM A R 63

2 . V er b s of m o ti o n, s uc h a s

begegnen, m e e t .
f all en, fa ll . Iornnt en, c o m e .

eiIen, ha st e n .
fo i gen f o ll o w ,
. q fen, run .

fb
u ren, d riv e ,
e tc .
g b
e e n go ,
.

NO TE . Some Of th e se a so a l d m it baben w he n a cti on r th r th

a e an d es
r
e x p esse d : Q fi utidwr but an id) neII gefahr en, T he c o ach
‘
ti n a ti o n is
‘

er .

m a n ha s b e e n d rivi ng to o i ly
qu c k .
’

3 . T ho se r
ex p ess ng a i c ha nge o f c o nd i ti o n su ch a s ,

fterben,
d i e . mud fien gro w merben be c o m e
,
.
,
.

4 . T he fo ll o w i ng i m pe r so n a l v er b s
geIin en
g , su cc eed .
ge j ) )
d eI en,
h a p en
p .
m ei en, su cc e ed .

NO T E — V rb s nj ugat ed e co w ith j ein a re i nd i c ted a i n th e v o cab u a l ri es

and d i ti n ry by ( L)
c o a .

63 . P r es ent a nd I mperfect I nd i ca t i v e of tnoIIen .

P r a m t I n d i ra fi t/e . I mperf ec t I nd i r a l i ve .

I w ill , e tc . I w oul d , e tc .

id) miII mir moIIen mir moIIten

bu mi IIft iI) r moIIt i I)r moIItet
er mi II iie wul Ien ir e moIIten

64 . Use of IDDIl en .

Sd ) mi II beute ubreiien
-d a
.
I w ill ( m e a n to )g o to y .

( Sr mi II ni d) i ful nrnen H e d o esn t i nt e nd to c o m e

’
.
.

QB II moIIten bubi n geI) en

‘

.
We wa n t ed to go t her e .

’
O BSERV E T hi s
v e r b r e n d er s the E n gli sh w ill w o ul d ‘ ’ ‘
: I . , ,

w he n the l a tt e r e xp r ess es m o r e t ha n m e r e fut urity (a n e x e rti o n

o f the w i ll O f th e su bj e ct ) .

’
2 I t o ft e n e qua l s w an t to
.
i nt e nd to m ea n to e tc , , ,
.

65 . I nfi ni ti v e of P urpos e .

S d) geI) e uub, um Ein 58 116

) 511 I am go ng i o ut (i n o r d er) to

mj en .
b uy a bo ok .
 65 ] L ESSO N XX 67

O BSERV E : P ur po se i s o f en t r
e x p esse d by an i nfi ni t i v e wi t h

311, go v er ne d by 11111 .

E X E R C IS E xx

fb
ub u ren (f .
, fuI) r, ge a f hr en) , beruub fonnn en (i .
, Iant , ge=
to d e pa rt ,
se t o ff, se t o u t .
Iornnt en) , to co me o ut .

uu e enfb (q ) , ge e en ib ) ,
to lo o k binaub fubren to d ri ve o ut .

at . ituIienifd) I t al i a n ,

bub ?Iuge, —b —n , ,
eye . q fen Iief , geq f en, to

uu er uIb (gem
fi b ) ,
ou s t ide of . ru n .

uub geben ( j .
) , gi ng v er a l t i m es
, gegangen ,
mebt mul b‘

,
se .

to go o ut . rnieten to hi r e e ngage , , .

begegnen ( j d a rt) to m e e t .
, bie iminute — n m i nut e
, .
, ,
.

bub Qi ifb — eb — er p ict u r e

, rnitbri ngen ( brad) te gebrud) t) ,
, ,
.
,
' —
bie E b iIberguIerie n p ict ur e to b r i ng a l o ng (w i t h)
, ,
.

ga ll e ry . nud) I) er a ft e r war d s ,
.

bIe ib e n i e b g ew e b en b e r g
B a rf — b — e o r b pa rk
, , , ,
-
,
.

to r ema i n st a y , ber ©q .
©aIe ha ll , ,
.

buI) in t hi t he r to t ha t pl a c e ber
, ,
—e , ,

t h er e . sk a t e .

bie © roicbfe — n c ab , ©d flittfdj ub q fen

,
. to

bub Gib — eb i c e , ,
sk a t e . .

fuII en fi eI g f
e u IIe n to b ie fii ie rt
,
eIft u n be -
n q ua rt e r , , ,

fa ll . o f a n ho u r .

geIingen (f ) merben mur b o r ma r be ge

'

z mperr fi a t .
,
.
, , ,

geIung geIungen to suc , morben to be c o m e b e , , , .

c ee d . mebbuIb w hy ?
3 (
11 m i n ) t oo ,
.

A .
S CI) bin neuIid) Irunf gemej en
C o nti nu e the fo ll o w i ng I . .

2 .
3 d) mar i nti be gemorben 3 3 d) bin uubgegungen uni . .
,

ei nen §8 ej ud) gu mad) en 4 3 d) merbe mor gen abgefahr en . .

iein 5 3 d) bin ( mar) Id) neII geq fen 6 3 d) bin (mar)

. . . .

mei ner Q m meiter begegnet 7 3 d) bin ( mar) uuf bem (Siie

'
. .

gefuIIen 8 6b i it ( mar) i ni r geIungen bub 23ud) 5a j i nben

. .
, ,

eb i it ( mar) bir 2c 9 3 d) bin ( mar) b ieI gu {but geweben

, . . .
68 G ER MA N GR AM MA R [ g 65

B d
S ) bi it mi t m i m It S unb i urI
S
'

. 1 . n g e ern e ne a en re e,

8 0 fe r, in ber g tubt gemeien, urn ben S l ug bor t gu ver br i ngen .

2 i b ir iinb guerft mi t ber G

. Z trufienbabn gur grofgen QSiIber
Sh i S reunb mar id) on mebrmuIb bor t
ga Ie ri e g fq
e re n 3 n . .

gem e ie n 4 i b i r i i
. nb i n ben . i tuIi eni Irben (<
5 q gegangen .

5 .
Sn iinb mir ei ne ® tunbe geweben unb
bieient @ uaIe
b a ben bi e QS i Iber an g i b
e e en 6
“
D u nn ii nb m it mi eb er I) r
e . .
s

uub geIommen benn a nier e QIugen muren mitbe gemorben

‘

.
,

7 ibi ei n Sreunb moIIte ben grb f gen BarI uufierbuIb ber © tabt
‘
.

beiud) en 8 15311 I) uben ei ne G DroId fie gernietet urn binaub

‘
:

.
.
,

g f b
u u r en 9 S s
n m un ggi .SDIin u ten iin
. b m ir b o r t ange I o nun en .

1o . i
D unn i nb m i r bur d) b en i )
d bn en ‘ arI e u
B gg g n en 1 1 mud) . .

ei ner Qi ierteIitunbe iinb mir gum IIeinen g ee geIomni en

‘

6b mar j eI) r IuIt gemeien unb bub Gib mar pri cbti g
‘

1 2 . .

1 3 QiSir batten uniere

. nti tgebrud nunb iinb ei ne

® ta ube ge q fen 14 $ q bern (Siie iinb mir . .

einent © d) uIIan1 eruben begegnet 1

5 S IIud) I) er iinb mir gur . .

Q tubt gurii d geIeInt benn mir mur en mii be unb I)ungrig ge

'
s
,

merben 1 6 i b i r moIIen nud) Ite fi berbe wi eber gur g tabt

'

. .

fubren .

C . WO s i n d S ie ge st e r n g e w es e n ? 2 We r w a r
O ra l : 1 . .

m i t I hn e n ? 3 Wi e s i n d S ie d a hi n geko m m e n ? .
4 W e s ha l b .

s i n d Sie d a hi n g e fa hre n ? 5 Wi e l a n ge si n d Sie i n d e r Bi l d e r .

l ri e g eb li e b en ? 6 W esha l b si nrl Sie n i c ht l anger ge b li e b en ?

ga e .

W h l b i d Si m P rk h i a u s e fa h r e n ? 8 Was ha b e n
’

7 . e s a s n e z u a n g .

Si e n a c hhe r g e t a n ?

D ( R en d e r the pa s t t e n s e i n t hi s ex e r c i se b y
. the Ge r m a n
p e r fe c t ) 1 W . h e r e w e r e y o
. u y e s t e r d a y A l b e rt ?
, I w a s in
t he c ity
3 t he.r e to o b u
. t I ( l i d n o t m e e t yo u
I was 4 I ,
. .

s o rry
n o t to ha v e m e t yo u
w as 5 D id yo u go to the pa rk . .

fi r st ? 6 NO I w e n t w it h m y si st e r to the pict ur e ga ll e ry to
.
,
-

s e e t he G e r m a n
pi ct ur e s 7 H o w l o n g d id yo u s t a y t her e ? . .

8 We s t a i d t he r e t w o ho u r s
.
9 A re yo u fo n d o f the G e r m an . .
 GE R MA N G RA M MA R

A ft er etmub ,
t hi ng ni d) tb no t hi ng b icl m uc h so m e
’ ’
2 .
, , , ,

menig li ttl e the a dj e ct i v e fo ll o w s the str o ng d e cl e n si o n an d

,
‘
,
’

i s w r i tt en w i t h a c a pi t a l

Gttb ub (ni d) tb ) Outeb . So m et hi ng ( t hi ng) go o d no .

SIJi it weni g (Sj utem . Wi t h li ttl e t ha t i s go o d .

3 A ft e r the pl u r a l s uIIe
. i i ge etIid) e so m e mancbe
a ll ,
’
en , , ,
’
,

m an y , mehr er e, s ev e r a l ,
’

o d) e su c h b ieIe m a n y weni ge
’ ’
, , , , ,

fe w , the ’
a d ec j ti v e m ay b e w e a k o r str o ng i n n o m a n d a c c .

QIIIe gute(n) E
l li enj d nn . All go o d m en .

4 . A dj e ct i v e s i n —
cl
‘
fr o m n a m es o f c i t i es a re i n d e cli nab l e ,

a n d a re w ri tt en w i t h a c a pi t a l
SDie 8 0 nboner 3
‘
eitungen . T he L o n d o n n ewsp a pe s r .

B f
‘
uri er SJIDben . Pa ri s fa shi o n s .

68 . A dj ect i v es as Nouns .

T he s tr ange r (m ) T he s tr a nger (f ) . T he s tr a nger s .

N . ber Srembe bie Srembe bie Sr emben

G . beb Sr emben ber Sr emben ber Srernben
D bem Sr emben ber St emben ben (sr emben
‘ <
.

A . ben Sr emben bie Srembe bie Sr emben

A s tr ange r (m ) . A s tr ange r S tr a nge r s .

N . ei n
Sreui ber i
e ne Srel nbe Srernbe
eineb {srernben ei ner Sreni ben Srernber
<
G .

D . ei nem S r emben ei ner Srem ben

Sretnben
A . ei nen S r emben ei ne Srei nbe Sreni be
O BS ERV E A dj ect i v e s and pa rtici pl e s u se d as n o u ns v a ry t he i r
d e cl e nsi o n a c c o r d i ng to the r ul es fo r a dj e c tiv e d e c l e n si o n

( L )
e sso n X V I II , b u t a re wri tt e n w i t h c api t al l e tt e rs .

NO M y dj tives a n d p rti i pl
TE . e t h us u
an a d i Ge m ec a c es a r se n r a n, the

E ngli h e q uiv l t f w hi h o nly frenl b t a g e ber ( bi e)

‘ ’
s n n a en s o c a re ou s : ,
s r n ,

S rem b e t e th e tr,
ng r ; rei i enb
.
,
tr a elli g
‘
ber il
s i ei j en be 2C
a e
’
,
‘
v n ,
’
, .
,
‘
the

trav ll e r ; b ermunbt
e rela t d ber fib ermunbte 2c th e rel ati e
’
,
e ,
’
, .
,
‘
v .
’
 68] L ES SO N XXI 71

E XE RCIS E XXI

ubrei en j to set o ut, s a t rt j d) q en fci

, ,
e f , gej d flufen, to

d e pa rt , go y awa . sl e ep .

ber éBeunt te, o ffi c i a l .

I) )
d Ied t b ad , , po o r .

'
ber QSebiente s e rva nt ,
. bub ©pitu I, ”
er, ho s
blinb bli nd ,
.
pi t a l .

bie T b ume n l a d y ,
-
,
. ber © taut, —eb —en s t a t e , ,
.

beutfd) (a ny) Ge r ma n ,
.
ftattfinben (funb gefunben) , ,

ebel no b l e
,
. to t a k e pl a c e .

ebrIi d) ho nest ,
.
Iterben fturb geftorben , ,

et ft ( emf ) fi r s t a to d ie
‘
. .
,

S r u n fr e i d) n — b Fr a nc e ,
.
, ,
. teuer , d e a r , c o stly .

'
str a nge fo r e i gn li bet u ll e v e ry w her e
f n b
‘

re t , ,
.
,
.

m
'
S te u b e a d ) en t o giv e pl easure ,
. u ngl ii cfl i cb u nhappy unfo rtu , ,

bet (Sj ej unbte a m b a ssa d o r na t e

‘
. .
,

i d Ii d h a ppy ber SBermunbte r el a t i v e

’

t ) ,
.
,
.

oI b e n l d n l d m
( ax) ber QBein —e w i n e
g g o e , g o ,
.
, ,
.

beifer ho ar se ,
. b ie ib eItu u f
b te IIung — eu i n , ,

n Pa r i s .
,
. te rna ti o nal exhi b i t i o n .

reirb r i c h ,
. QBi n e —b V i e nna
, ,
.

bet? Si eij enbe tr a v e ll e r ,

. miIIIo rnrnen w e lc o m e
'
,
.

bie 553111 ft e sa usa ge ‘

,
”
,
.

A . 1 .
b ieIe fDeutid) e mobnen in un erer i ©tabt . 2 . unj er
iSe rer
b j eine Sr au i it ei ne ib eutj d w
i it ein © eutj d) er ; .

3 ib i e ib eutj cben Iernen ger n (Eni j d)

.
4 SJZeine fi b er . .

munbten moIIen uuf bent 8unbe mobnen 5 (Sin E li ei j enber . .

rnu g o i ft in j d) Ied) ten Qi etten iq f e en . 6 .

Q iefer urrne éBIinbe

but mei ner E mutter gemad) t benn iie but amei bitbid) e fi brbe ,

i bm nieI Guteb getun 7 Gr tut eb um i br ei ne Sreube gu . .

,

mad) en 8 Sb i c erfte bonboner SlBeItuub fteIIung funb irn

. .

S ba re 1 85 1 j tutt 9 B I
i uri er
j unbid mbe unb flb iener
S . .

QBurfte iinb uberuII berii bnt t 1 o SDieIe bi ei fenben bemun= . .

ber tea bie febbne 8anbfcbuft 1 1

Sruu ibi ofer i it eine fli er . .
7 2 G ER MA N GR AM MA R 68

munbte uniereb aIten QIrgteb . 1 2 .

(Sin Srernber i ft nid) t
i mmer mi IIIomrnen 1 3 fib er . . uIte SBebiente meineb guten
D nIe i it geftorben 1 4 SDer beutfd) e ®ej unbte i it ubgerei ft . .

Bermunbte gu bej ucben

unt S 1 5 Q ie ®eiunbten non {grunt . .

rei c b unb Gnq nb iinb ungetont rnen iinb bie . 1 6 . SBeuinte

Q iener beb © tuuteb . 1 7 Gin Qbeurnter rnnig ebrIi d) j ei n

.
.

18 ® ie m a d) en Iinb nid) t i mmer i i d Ii rb 9 QIud) Q

I rrne
'

. 1 . .

Ibnnen i i d Iid) iein . 20 ® er fi r st miII bem uni i d Ii d) en

.

fi runfen gut en aIten flb ein geben S n biefern ©pituI

‘

, 21 . .

{inb nieIe Si r ante

‘

B . O ra l on the a bo ve .

C . Supply the p r o pe r t e r mi na t i o n o f the fo ll o w i n g t

s ems

1 (Sin SDeutj d)
. 2
3 { et SIi ei . mei nem 58 ermunbt .
m
j enb 4 S b Bebient
r fi .
5 Y Deb urmen i i nb 6 Qb e . .

nig © d) bn 7 Q er berubmten S Reij enb .8 (Ein r ei d) er .

SBermunbt 9 C Die urrnen Srernb IO . C

b en guteu fli e .
s

bient 1 1 SDeb beutj d) en (Sj ej unbt

. 1 2 Qi ieIe uni i d .

Iid) e Q runI

D . I nfl ec t, a nd gi v e the pr o pe r
rt ho gr a phi c a l fo r m o f the o

a dj e ct i v e s 1 Gin (goIben) Sti ng 2 .

Smei n ( teuer ) g obn . . .

3 Q ie (ebeI) {Dani el
.
4 ® e1n (ebeI) (b ej anbten 5 S Den .
. .

( beij er) g dnttern

’

E . I . I ha v e m an y r el a t i v es
t hi s v i ll age 2 W he r e d o in . .

y o u r r e l a t i v es i nt e n d T he so n O f t hi s G e r m a n i s a
to li v e ? 3 .

c el eb ra t ed phy si ci an 4 T he b li n d a re no t a l wa y s unha ppy

. . .

5 .T h i s n o b l e G e r m an has d o n e m u c h go o d 6 T he Lo n d o n . .

c ab s d r i v e v ery fast 7 M y a un t l i k e s Pa r i s gl o v es v e ry
. .

m uc h 8 O ur o l d phy si c i a n i s a r el a t i v e o f ( non) M rs M o ser

. . . .

9 T hi s G e r m an [wo m a n] i s a fr i e nd o f m y aun t
. I O Str ange r s . .

a nd
po o r peo pl e w e r e a l w a y s w elc o m e a t o ur ho use I 1 T he . .

G er man a m b a ssa d o r w a s a v e ry no bl e m a n 1 2 A m b a ssa d o r s . .

a re the se rv a n t s o f the s t a t e I 3 T he y o u ng m ay ( Ibnnen) . .

d ie ; the o l d m us t d ie ; the pa t i e n t ha s d i ed 14 I ha v e so l d . .
74 GE R MA N GR AM MA R I§ 7 0

5 . Pr e po si t i o na l t h j ct s
ob e fo ll o w
e r o bj e ct s a nd a d v e r b s o .

6 A d v e r b s o f ti m e usua lly pr ec e d e e v e ryt hi ng ex c ep t p ro

.
,

n o un s n o t go v e rn e d b y a pr e po s it i o n .

70 . Wor d Or der i n Depend ent S entences .

d
S ) a r bei te ni d ) i l uei l i d) 111 1
,
1b e I a m no t w o rki n
g b e c a us e I ,

bin . a m ti r e d .

t a t h e w ill vi si t u s
3 ) b fj
d b f un b b e f b
u c cn I h h
‘

o e a ; e
,
t o p e .

mir b .

S )q
d ub e ba b er, B e i t g e b a b t I t h i nk t ha t he w ill ha v e ha d

baben mir b . t i me .

$ 1 i d) mii be bin ar bei te id) A s I a m tir e d I a m no t w o rk

,

ni d) t . i ng .

Gr j ugt, bufi er Ieine S ite ges He sa ys he ha s ha d no ti me .

babt (but) .

O BS ERV E : I T he v e r b c o m e s l a st i n a d epen d e n t s e nt e n c e
. .

2. I n c o m po und t e n se s the pa rti ci pl e a n d i nfi n it i v e i m m e d i

,

a t e ly p r e c e d e the v e r b i f the a ux ili a ry,

. .

I f b o t h p a rti c i pl e a n d i n fi n i tiv e o cc ur the p a rt i c i pl e pre

3.
,

c e d es the i nfi n itiv e .

4 T he pl a c e o f the su bj e ct i n a d ep end en t se nt e n c e i s
.

u sua lly th e s a m e a s i n E ngl i s h .

5. T h e d e p e n d e n t i s a l wa y s se a r a t e d fr o m the
p p r i n c i pal

s e n t en c e b y a c o m m a .

6 W he n a d e pe n d e n t sen t e nc e pr e c e d es the pri n ci pa l se n

.

t e n c e the subj e ct O f the l a tt er is t hr o w n a ft e r the v e r b

,
.

7 T he t e nse aux ili a ry baben o r j ei n i s fr e q uen tly o m i tt ed i n

.

a ba
fi cl a use .

71 . U se of menu , aIb , munn .

fib enn i d) mei ne SBflid fi tue W hen I do (hav e d o ne

) my
(getun babe), bin i d) gl li d s d u ty ,
I a m happy .

l id) .

8 d) beiud) te i mmer rneine I al wa y s vi sit ed m y fr i en d s

Sreunbe menu i d) in ber
,
w he n(e v er) I w a s i n t o w n .

©tabt mar .
§7 l r L ES SO N X X II 75

Sb g g gi
c in e fer n au b , a Ib eb I w en t o ut y e s t e r d a y w hen i t

a d s tr uck te n
gb g i
e u e d flu ge n butt e h . .

QI l b id) j ung mar, mar i d) ItarI W hen I w as y o ung I w a s .

s tr o ng .

253mm mur Iei n E ater bi er ? W he n w as his fa t he r her e ? ‘

O BS ERV E : 1 W he n menu a l w a y s w i t h pr es en t o r p er fe ct
.
‘ ’
.

2 W he n
.
‘
menu w i t h i m pe r fe ct a n d pl upe r fe ct o f a ha b i t
’

ua l o r r e pea t ed o cc urr enc e st a t e o r c o nd i t i o n , ,

W h n ul b w i t h i m e r fe ct a n d pl upe r fe ct o n ly o f a si n
3 . e p ,

g l e ,
d e fi n i t e o cc u rr e n c e o r o f a s t a t e o r c o n d i ti o n o n c e o cc urr i ng ,
.

4 W he n i nt e rr o ga t i v e
.
‘? m unn ? ’

NO TE R m em b r t h t menu l
. e e a a so

E X E RC IS E X X I I
bej onberb, espe c i a lly , p arti c u bub © d) uuj piel , —e, pl a y .

l a rly . ber @ d) uuj bieIer, —b , a ct o r .

bu as, w he n , s n e i c . bie @ d) uuj piel erin, —nen, a c

baj3, t ha t tr ess .

—e, pl a y
i bt, d i sa ppo i n t e d bub é piel , f
enttii u c .
,
ac t

bie Gnttuuj d mng, —eu, d i sap

'

i ng .

po i n t m e nt .
ibrecben j prud) , , ge iprod) en ,
to

el l al tet j ei n, to ha v e co ld spea k
'
’

a . .

ct mub t hi ng so m ew ha t
,
so m e bub g tii d ,
—e
p i ec e .
, , ,

geben to ac t p r esen t (a pl a y)
, pl a y
, . .

II —
g f
e u e n g f
e ie I g f
e u I
, Ie n to b u b Eb eu ter b
, t hea tr e , , , .

pl ea se su it ii berne bmen (ii bernubrn ii ber

’
.
, ,

gl au b e n to b e l i e v e t h i
,
n k n orn n
r en ) to u n d e rt a k e
, .
,
.

berr Ii d) m a g n i fi c e n t ,
s p l e n d i d m u r u ni ? w h ? w he r e fo r e ?
y ,
.

boffen to ho pe , l b ei l b e c au se.
,
.

Iiegen Iug gel egen to l ie b e gurii d ba ck (a ri a )

, , , , .
,
.

bie S RoIIe —n pa rt , ,
.

I m o ms S m z beuter a t th t he tr ; i nb Z beater geben to g t

:
,
e a e
‘
,
o o

the t h a tre e .

A . 1 . QBann iinb g ie int beutid) en Ebeuter gemej en ? 2 . QBir

iinb geftern ubenb bort ge meien .
3 . S
IBurunt i n CZ ie bubi n
i b ‘
76 GER MA N GR AM MA R I§ 7 1

gegangen ? 4 .

g uml et gub 5 i b ir
QBeiI ntun © bufeipeureb . .

moIIten bej onberb ger n bie berii brnte © d)uuj pieIerin SrauIein EDI .

in ber SRDIIe ber p eIi u j eben 6 i b i e but S bnen i br ©bi eI . .

g f II ? Q b i m r m u j d) t bu uniere Bl ube
'
‘
t b t t
'

e u en 7 r . u en e u en u ,

j o meit gur ud Iugen bub mir ni d) t gut bbren Ionnten 8 QIber

, . .

i d) Iunn S bnen j ugen bub bub © tii d unb innit iebr gut ,

uefaIIen but 9 {ant ber berubrn te t uuipieIer

. .
ben Sj unt .

at geipiel t ? bl ein S j err éB nrubte biej e SRDIIe uber

‘
ro .
, .

uebmen bu {j err to ni d) t j piel en Ionnte SDub mar uucb

'

, . 1 1 . .

ei ne gr obe Gnttii uidm ng uber id) boffe bub er mor gen ubenb , ,

in i cIe n m ir b 1 2 . l In b m eb b uIb.
Io u n te e r ni d) ip
t i e l en ?

S d) mube bub er erIuItet mur unb nid) t fpred) en Iounte

‘ '

13 .
, .

14 .
Sinben ® ie nid) t bub biej eb © di uuj pieI berrIid) i it ? ,

15 .
S u m o b l ! SBej onberb menu ein guter @ d) uuj pieIer ben
g u m l et j p i el t 1 6 S IB i r
. m o IIen n u d) fte . i b od m mieber inb
I beuter geben uni a berrn C, 5 gu j eben .

B O r a l ex e rc i se o n the a b o v e
. .

C . C o m pl e t e the fo ll o w i ng
t c es : I S d) Iunn beute se n e n .

ni d) t Iornnt en meiI i b ir merben rnitbe menu

'

2 .
, ,

3 . ib ir Ionnten beute Ieine E eiudm mucben benn ,

4 ibi ein {treunb q ubt bub 5 S d) werbe © ie morgen

C
. .
,

beiud) en menn 6 S d) bofj e bub 7 Q er (a bi net

c
:

. .
, ,

Iommt nid) t bu 8 (531 Ionnte bie bl ufgube ni d) t mad) en :

.
, ,

meiI 9 S d) bin i bm begegnet uIb

. I O
S d) mi II ,
.

nmrgen gur © tubt fubren um ,

D .I I l i k e to go to the t hea tr e whe n I ha v e ti m e

. I .

w a n t ed to go to the t he a tr e y e st er d a y e v e n i ng fo r M i s s M w a s ,
.

pl a y i ng the pa rt o f (the) O phel ia G But I w a s o b li ge d to st a y

a t ho m e b e c a use I ha d he a d a c he
, C }
A I w a s v e ry [ m u c h
] d i s .

a ppo i n t e d a s Mi ss M i s a c e l eb r a t e d a ctr e ss
, 5 P e o pl e sa y
. . .

t ha t she pl a y s t hi s part espe ci a lly w ell 6 W e r e yo u t he r e ye s . .

~

terd ay e v en i n g ? ( 77 Y es b ut m y sea t w a s so fa r b a ck t ha t I
‘

s ,
"

c o ul d n t hea r w el l f 8 I w as d i sa ppo i n t e d as the c e l eb ra t ed

’
.
,
7s G ER MA N GR AM MA R 74

O BS ERV E : fi el d) “ fo ll o ws the bi eler m o d el , b u t l ack s the

ge n i ti ve ,
wh i c h is r epl a c ed b y the ge n i tiv e fo r m s ( fi
o f ber be en ,

2c ) .

74 . R el a ti v e Cl aus es .

Q ub i ji ber fi r st, ber ( meId) er) T ha t is the d o ct o r who w as

b i er m a r .
h e r e .

i i (S d b H e r e i s the st i ck w hi c h yo u
S
.
j er j t b e r tu en ,

( m e I d) )
e n ro te g b
e a bt b ab e n h a v e ha d . .

D i
. i e r in b Qi ii d w r bi e ( m eI d) )
e H e r e are b o o k s t ha t are us eful
,
.

nii i d) iinb .

Rennen © ie bie D ant e ber Do yo u k no w the l a d y w e

"
,

( meId) er) mir begegneten? m et ?

‘

Q ab S j u u b. m o ri n i
,
n b en t ) T h e ho u s e in w hi c h I l i v e .

i d) mobne .

O BSER V E : I T he r el a ti v e ag r e e s w i t h i ts a nt ec e d en t i n gen
.

d e r a n d num b e r ; the c a se d e pe n d s o n i ts use i n i ts o w n cl ause .

2 Si n c e a ll r el a ti v e cl a use s a re d e pen d en t the v e r b c o m e s

.
,

l a st 7 o) .

ib e r a nd m eId) er r e fe r to b o t h p e r so n s a n d t hi ngs ; ber i s

3 .

m o r e c o m m o n t ha n meId) er w hi c h i s c h i e fly use d to a v o i d ,

r epe ti ti o ns o f ber .

4 Q er a n d mec er r e fe rr i n g to i n a ni m a t e o bj e ct s are so m e
.
, ,

ti m es r epl a c ed b y mo ( mor b e fo r e a v o w el) pr ec ed i ng a pr epo

s iti o n .

5 .r el a t i v e
T he is ne e v r om i tt ed in G erm a n
. .

N O T E —T h g e e n . b efieu, It . a lw y
a s
pre c e d es th e w o d r on wh i ch it
d e pe nd s : Buunt, befien QSIatter grii n iinb,
Gi n E ‘
A tre e, t he l v
ea es of

wh i c h a re g re en .
’

E XE RCIS E XX III
Q i d fieb ne rnen, b b nu rn, gez emp angen,f mbbng
e , ernb

nomnt en, to t a k e l eav e .

f ungen, to r ec ei v e .

bri ngen, brad) te, gebrud) t, to bie fi t fri j d mng, -

en, r e fr esh
‘

b ri ng . m ent .

einIuben (Iub, geIuben ) ,

to bub ©rIebnib , —j eb , —Ie, e xp eri

i nv i t e . en e c .
i 74] L E S SO N XX I I I 79

ber Gait —eb , ,

H
e, gue s t . bie SUE itternurbt, e, m i d ni ght H
.

bub (b ebid n, po e m
-
e, .
id) Iugen, iebl ug, geid) Iugen, to
bie (Si emablin, —nen, w i fe . s trik e .

—
bie bj eieIIicbuit eu, c o m pa n y , , iingen , iung , gefangen, to

pa rty . s i ng .

'
intereiiu nt, i n t e r est i ng . b ortrugen ( tr ug getr agen) , ,
to

Iennen, Iunnte, geIunnt, to r eci t e .

k no w b e a c q ua i n t ed ,
w i th .
gubring nfl
e o spe nd , pa ss (ti m e) .

Iufti g gay m e rry , ,

.
gugegen, p r e sen t .

A . 1 .
S d) r ®eieIIid) uit gemeien
bin geitern ubenb in e nei ,

3a m eI d) e r m un m i rb e i n g eIu be n b utt e 2 D er S j err beb . .

”
.

j
S
. u u ie b i n b ern i d,) m ur i it j
S err S einge beiien (b emu
i n , .
,

ei ne fli ermunbte b un mit (o f m i n e ) tit 3 QI Ib mir unIunt en . .

,

empfi ngen unb bie Q anten beb ©uuieb 4 Gi ne j unge Q ume . .

,

bie i d) iebr gut fenne mar uud) gugegen 5 g ie ipi eIte uui, . .

ei nem Q Iub i er m eId) eb Iberr S einge ieiner Sruu neuIi d) ge

,

i)d e n ft b u t 6 (S i n Bruber ber fDume meId) e geipi el t butte

é . .
, ,

iang ein bii bid) eb bi eb 7 Q ann ipi eIten unb iungen mebrere . .

erren unb Q umen bie id) ni d) t Ienne Si n (S e uu i eIer

Ab 8 ( b ip
, . .
,

ben i d) irbou ii n i beuter geieben butte tr ug ei n iebbneb (b e ,

bid) t non (S i oetbe b ar 9 Qi ieIe Q uite mur en gugegen meId) e . .

,

in Yb eutid flanb gemeien mur en 1o Gi ner b on i bnen ergubIte . .

rnir ieine GrIebniiie bie iebr intereiiunt m ur en 1 1

, QIIb eb . .

eIi geid) Iugen butte brad) ten bie QB ebienten Griri id m ngen
-

, .

1 2 © ie jungen {g err en unb Q uuten bie iebr Iuitig gewor ben

.
,

mur en fi ngen an 511 tungen 1 3 D ie (Sj uite meId) e ei nen

, . .
‘
,

i b
e r u n g e n eb m e n ill beub gugebrudn batten nabnten et it amei ,

w u t n b e n n ) 9Ji itt nad) t 2

u d e r
s
Ibid) i eb .

B C o m pl et e o r ally supplyi ng s ui t a b l e r e l a ti v e p r o no u n s
.
,

z ugege n w a r en 2 Di e G ast e — e r e ingel a d e n

'

I . D ie G éi ste ,
-
. .
,

ha tt e 3 D er Fr eu nd
. . ic h e i n G esc he n k sc hi ck e 4 Da s ,
. .

Buc h a u f d e m T i s c he li e t
, g 5 D er Sc hauspi el e r vo n . .

i c h spr e c he 6 D i e Da m e . w ir b e gegn e t s i nd
.
7 D ie ,
. .
8o GER MA N GR AM MA R 74

Da m e n, l
w ir B u m e n s h c i ckt en . 8 . H e rr
D er H a us i c h ,

ge k a uft b a b e .
9 . Da s H au s i n ,
e r w o hn t I o D ie N a c h . .

ba r n , m it Ki nd e r n w ir s pi e l en . I I Da s Sc ha u spi el v o n
.
,

ic h I hn e n e rz ahl te . 1 2 . D er Sc hu l e r d e r L ehr e r l o b t
, .

I 3 . D er L e hr e r , d e n Sc hii l er l o b t I 4 D i e L eh r e r i n
. .
,

M u tt e r g est o r b e n i st .

C . I . Mr . a nd Mrs H ei n z e
k no w v e ry well i n .
,
w ho m I ,

v ite d m e to a
pa rty 2 T he pa rty o f ( non) w hi c h I a m spea k
. .

i ng t o o k pl a c e y est e r d a y e v e n i ng 3 T he ho use in w hi c h . .

t hese go o d fri end s liv e is la rge a nd ha nd so m e 4 M a ny l a d i e s . .

a n d ge n tl e m e n w ho m I ha d ne v e r ye t e e n w e r e a l so
( ) ,
s pr e s .
,

e nt 5 A y o u ng l a d y pl a y ed o n th e p i a no a nd sa ng a so ng
. .

w hic h pl e a se d the guest s v e ry m uc h (febr gut) 6 T he pi a no . .

o n w hi c h she pl a y e d w a s a n ew o ne w h ic h M r H e i nz e pre , .

se n t e d to his w i fe l a t e ly 7 W he n s he ha d sung a c el e b r a t e d . .
,

a ct o r r e ci t ed a v ery b ea u ti ful po e m 8 T he po e m he r eci t ed . .

w a s b y ( 0 0 11 ) Go e t he 9 A fri e nd o f m i n e b es i d e w ho m I w as
. .
,

S i tt i ng a n d w ho ha d b e e n i n G e r m a n y r el a t e d his ex p e ri e n c es
, ,

to m e I O W hen the s erv a n t s ha d b r o ught r e fr e s hm en t s m a n y

. .
,

o f ( Don) the o l d e r gu e st s w an t e d to go ho m e 1 1 T he y o ung . .

ge n tl e m e n a n d l a d i es w ho r e m a i ne d i n o r d e r to d a nc e t o o k
, ,

l ea v e two ho ur s a ft e r m i d ni ght .

D . Kr o npri nz O l a f vo n No r wege n ist e in rei

L eses tu c k Der
z e nd er kl e i ne r Bengel ist a b e r z uw e il e n u na rti g Se i ne M utt er
,
.
,

d ie K On igin z ii c htigt i hn i mm e r s el bs t w e n n e s n Otig i st

, , .

E i ne s T a ge s w a r d e r Kl e i n e s ic h b e q St S tr a fe v e r d i e n t z u ,
'

ha b e n A l s d ie kOn igl ic he M u tt e r ihn s uc ht e w a r e r n i r ge nd s

.
,

z u fi nd e n A u c h se i ne G ro fi m u tte r d ie K On igi n A l e x a nd r a
.
,

v o n E ngl a n d ha l f m itsuc hen A l s si e m m i n i hr Sc hl a fz i nr

,
.

m e r tr a t ri e f e i n e he ll e Ki nd e r s t i m m e unt e r d e m Be tt e
,

“
G rO Bm u tte r suc he n s i e d i c h a u h ? ,
K o m m he r z u m i r c
'

ic h w i ll d i c h b esc hii tz en
”
.
82 GE R M AN GR AM M A R 77

77 . Dig, t i ll ,
un til (ti m e) , as fa r as
(spa c e) .

fBib QIbenb ; bib Si am . T i ll e v en i ng ; as far as Ro m e .

NO TES . I . Qi i b i s m o r e c o mm o n ly us e d as an ad verb f ll w d b yo o e a

pr of d ir ti Qi i b gegen ? l benb, till t rd ev n i g ; bi b 3111:

‘ ’
e ec on : ow a s
p . e n

Q tab t,
‘
as fa r as the t own .
’

Wit h rl r
'

2 . nu me a s bi b Qi i er bi b ii n ‘
fo u or five .
’

78 . Durcb,
‘
t hr o ugh ,
b y ( m ea ns of
) .

Gr r ei tet bur d) ben QBaIb He ri d e s t hr o ugh the wo o d

'

. .

fb urd) ei nen éBriei gewar nt . W a r ne d b y a l e tt er .

79 .
Sti r , fo r, o n b eha l f of .

fib er fib riei i it i nr ibn . T he l e tt er is fo r him .

spe a k o n y o u r b eha l f
S d) iprecbe fii r © ie . I .

80 . (b egen, t owards ,
t i
a ga n s .

C r ei tet gegen bie 58 1 ii d e H e ri d es t o wa r d s the b r i d ge

'
“
5 1
‘
1
. .

®egen ud) t l i br T o w a r d s e i ght o cl o ck

’
. .

g teIIen © ie ben C5 tnbl gegen ‘ Pl a c e the c ha i r a ga i ns t the

bie flb anb . w al l .

flb ir fumpfen gegen ben Seinb We fi ght agai n st the en em y

'

. .

81 . Dba c, w i t ho u t .

S buc Sreunbe ; obne Qui te . Wi t ho u t fr i end s w i ho u yo u

t t .

82 . 11111, r o und ,
r
a o un d , a t.

1 . O f Pl a c e

(Sr gebt urn bie g rabt ber uni . H e w a lk s r o u nd the t o wn .

NO TE .
- T he a d ve rb berunt is u sua ll y a d d ed a ft r th e b j e t i n t hi s
e O c

se n se .

2 . Of T i me

11m bieie S it; gl b ei l l i) r A t t hi s ti m e ; l ck

’
e urn . at 2 o c o .

83 . QBib er, a ga n s i t , tr ary to

con .

Qb iber mei nen QBunid) . A ga i n st m y w i s h .

Qb iber rnein (Si rmurten ; . a; 7

.
C o n tr a ry to my expe ct a t i o n
 5 85 ] L E SSO N XX I V 33

84 . Contracti ons .
Q ur d) , f ,
li r an d um
gene r a lly c o n a re

tr a ct ed wi t h the n eu t er o f the u n e m pha siz e d d efi n i t e a rticl e,

a s fo ll o ws

burd) b bur d) bub) far b int bub) utnb unt bub)

85 . $ W i t h p e r so n a l pro no uns o f the t hi r d

11 for P ronoun .

p e r so n r e fe rri ng to i n a n i m a t e o bj e ct s the pr o no un i s r e pl a c e d ,

b y bu (b e fo r e v o w e l s bur) pr e fi x ed to the p r e po s i ti o n ( ex c e pt
bib a nd obne) a n d w ri tt e n w i t h i t a s o n e w o r d
Tb ieb i it rn ein S j ; ) b
u t i d u b e T h i s i s m y ha t ;
. I ga v e te n

gb e n m
S u rf bu i gg
itr e e b en m a rk s fo r i t
’

. .

E X E R C I S E XX IV

unber o t he r , l od er n to l o o se n
.
,
.

bi bl
e rb eit — e u w o rk l a b o u r
, b e r bfi a i b
,
— eb I nd i a n c o r n , .
, ,
.

uub itreuen to s c a tt e r , bie E mi nn n ma c hi ne

a d e — .
, ,
.

ber ei ten to m a k e r ead y pr e nod) ni d) i n o t ye t

’

, , ,
.

pa r e .
b gil l i en to pl o ugh ,
.

beiteIIen to till pr e pa r e , bie g aat ,

— en so w i ng gr ee n .
, ,
,

e é b e —
b r Bo n b gr o un d so i l cr o p .
, , , .

'
bu tnul b t hen a t t ha t t i m e
, be) g fiemg nn
,
“
er so w e r .
:

, ,
.

bi Gag
e e —
n b a rro w . ber g onneni cbein
. sun .
,

— —
'

bub a e b n e nd , s hi ne
, ,
.
.

irucbtbur frui t ful fe rtil e , herbinbern to hi nd e r pr ev e n t

, .

, , .

—
bub (b etr ei be b gr a i n c o r n mud) ien (i mud)b gemad) ien
, , ,
.

, ,

o ats
ber S j u
.
ie r b ,
-
to gr o w
,
.
.

n o wa d a y s i n t hese ber QBei en —

b g g
eu t uta e ,
g b w hea t , , ,
.

d a y s no w i o d r aw
s b e e n 5 9 g gg
0 e o en t
.
, , ,
.
,

bin unb ber to and fro b a ck aubecfen to c o v er ( up)

, , ,
.

wa r d s a nd fo r w a r d s .

A .
Sel b mir b gegen a e ibi urg ober int QIpriI iur
1 . SDub
bie g uut ber ei tet 2 li nt bieie Sei t merben SIBeigen Q uiet . .
,

unb unbereb (betr ei be geiut 3 g puter piIungt rnun S i am

'

. .

toiieIu ibi uib re , 4 3 uerit mi rb ber b oben gepil ii gt

fi , . .
.

5 Q er 5Boben mir b bunn mit ei ner n e geIod ert

.
6 g o . .

mi r b er bur d) ben megen unb ben g onnenid win frucbtbur

84
'

G ER MA N GR AM MA R 85

gemad) t 7 D bne Sli egen unb g onneni ein Iunn bie é uut
. .
m
nid) t mad) ien 8 ud) ber mir b ber C f
5 urne beutgutage nt i t
. . m
m
'

einer SJJt id
u n
n e g i ,
e ut e Id) e b un Bierben ober D d fi
g en bin unb

ber gegogen mir b .

9 .
Srii ber tat mun bub o neb Sili uidnne .

ro . fDurnuIb murbe
ber ©unte b orn g uent unn geiut, ber bin
unb ber gi ng unb ben @ umen uub itreute I I ill ud) ber murbe . .

ber g ame burcb bie (Egge gugebed t 1 2

S it bub Sel b id) on . .

beiteIIt, meId) eb g ie b origeb S abr w iten ? 1 3 92cm eb i it .

,

nod) nid) t beiteIIt D ie QIrbeit ma r be b it burtb bub

‘
14 . .

id) Iecbte i better b erbinbert .

8 O ra l : I U m w e lc he Z e it w i rd d er Weiz en gesa t ? 2 I st
. . .

I hr W e iz e n sc ho n ge sii t ? 3 W a nn w e r d e n d i e K a rt o ffel n .

ge pfl a nz t ? 4 W a rm p fl a nz t m a n K a rt o ffe l n ? 5 Wa s tut
. .

m a n z u er st w e nn m a n e in F e l d fi rr d ie Saa t b e r e i t e n w ill ?
‘

6 Wa s tut m a n d a n n ?
.
7 Wie w i r d d e r Bo d e n ge l o ck e rt ? .

8 Wesha l b w i r d d e r Bo d e n ge l o c k e rt ?
.
9 Wi e w u r d e d e r .

Sa m e frii he r g esa t ? I O Wie w i r d d ie M asc hi ne ge z o ge n ? .

I I . I st I hr F e ld sc ho n g e p fl ii gt ? 1 2 W e shal b i st e s n o c h .

n i c h t ge p fl u g t ? I 3 W o llt e n S ie e s v o ri ge W o c he b e s t ell e n ?
.

I 4 . W a nn w o ll e n Si e I hr e n H a fe r un d I hr e E r b sen séi en ?
1
5 . W a s w o ll e n Si e i n d i es e m Be e t e p fl a nz e n ?

C T ur n the fo ll o w i ng o r a lly i nto the pa ssi v e v o ic e : 1 Da s

. .

sc hl e c ht e W e tt e r v e r hi n d e rt d ie A r b e it 2 D e r Ba u er b est e llt e . .

d a s Fel d 3 D i e E gg.e d e c k t d e n S a m en z u
.
4 D ie Egge . .

d e ckt e d e n Sa m e n z u 5 D er Si e m a n n s tr e ut e d en Sa m e n
. .

a us .6 D i e P fe r d e zi e h e n d ie E gge hin ti nd he r
.
7 D er . .

R ege n m a c h t d e n Bo d e n fr u c ht ba r 8 Ma n p fl a n z t j e tzt d i e . .

K a rt o ffel n 9 D er K n ec ht p fl ii gt d a s F e l d 1 0 D ie K n e c ht e
. . . .

p fl ii gte n d i e F e l d e r .

D (Q G r a i n is so w n t o w a rd s [ the ] e nd [ o f] M a rc h o r i n
.

A pr il . T he fi e l d m u st fi r s t b e pr e pa r e d ( us e man) .

3 . T he s o il i s p l o u gh e d a nd t he n a ha rr o w i s d r a w n to a n d
,

fro 4 I t is d ra w n b y ho r s e s o r o xe n 5 T he so i l is l o o s
'

r \ .
. . .

en e d by the I t i s m a d e fr ui t fu l by the r a i n a n d
 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

O BSERV E : I . T he v erb iein i n t hese exp ess o ns r i is i

s ngu a l r .

2 . ltbr r e m a i ns un infl e c te d , a n d m ay b e o m i tt e d .

’
3 .
‘
At urn .

4 . Gi n r e ma i ns uni nfl ec ted , b ut ei nb is used w he n ll br i s

om i tt ed .

5 . T he ‘
q uart er p t i s e x p r e
assse d b y ein S
’
BierteI aui the
n um b e r of the ho ur fo ll o w i ng .

6 T he . hal f pa st i s ex pr e sse d b y buIb

- the ho u r fo ll o w i ng .

T he q ua rt e r to i s e x pr esse d by br ei Qi iertel uni the

‘
7 .

ho ur fo ll o wi ng .

8 . T he ‘
m i nu t es pa s t ’
is r
ex p e ss ed by t)
trac ; the
‘
m i nut es
b y nor
’
to .

9 . T he ab b e r v i a t i on A . M .
’
morgenb or normittugb ( a bb re

v ia ted 23m ) . nud) n1 ittagb ( a b b r e vi a t e d 921m), ubenbb,

or nucbtb, cc o r d i ng to the l a t eness o f the ho ur
a .

N 0 I E S — 1 C ll q u i lly uni i
’ ‘

. ft e n m itt d ft e r E
. Bi erteI
o o a s o o e a .

2 T he ti m e m y l
. l w y s i r il w y ti m e—t b l es b expr
a a so , a s a a n a a a , e e sse d

thus : (Ei n ll br iii nigebn ei n ll br brei bi g ei n ll br fita i s

i
unb unigi g

87 . Geni t i v e of T i me .

Deb Eugeb beb bl benbb

S . By d ay ; i n the e v eni ng .

S d) gi ng eineb Z ugeb int I w a s wa lk i ng o ne d ay i n the

Bal f
’
pa rk
’

o .

Si tittmodyb baben mir uud) : On W ed n esd a y s w e ha ve no

nt ittagb l ei ne g ebul e . sc ho o l i n the a ft e r no o n .

O BSERV E I . Po i n t
t i m e is o ft en expr essed b y a n ad v er b i al of

ge ni t i v e si ngul a r w he n d e no t i ng i n d efi n i t e t i m e o r t i m e w i t h
, ,

r efe r enc e to a hab i t ua l a ct i o n but o nly w i t h S ag d ay d a y s o f , , ,

’

the w e e k a nd d i v i si o ns o f the d ay use d w i t h o r wi t ho ut a rt i cl e

, ,
.

2 W hen the a rt i cl e i s o m i tt ed the geni t i v e i s no t usually

.
,

w r i tt en w i t h a c a pi t al ex c ept w i t h d a y s o f the w ee k ,
.

N O T ES 1 Wit h d t erm i n ativ s o t h r tha n the a t the a c m ust b e

. . e e e r .
, c .

c pt i n th xpr ss i n bl eier S a ge ( g n pl ur ) of l t
’
us d
‘
e , ex e e e e o e . . a e.

2 m . a d) t t ho ugh fe m i ,
i mil arly use d w ith w ith ut th e m asc .
, s s , or o .

a t
r . : mad) i b id) l ii ft man We sl eep by n ight , .
’
5 87] L ESSO N XXV 37

E XE R CI S E XXV

bebeuten, to si gni fy, m ea n . ber (S tr ict) , —

e, s tro k e,

beinube, a l mo st n e a rly ,
. m a rk .

barnit, w it h t ha t , w it h i t , e tc . ber Z tunbengeiger,

C
C —
b,
bod) , Y et, still , ho w ev e r . ho ur -ha nd , rt ha nd sho .

c e rt a i n ly, to b e s ur e bie z uid e n po ck e t

frei l id ) ,
.
,
-
,
.

ber E ll l inutengeiger, —b, tr ugen tr ug

, g e tr ag en t o , ,

m i nut e -hand , l o ng han d . b ea r c a rry w ea r

, ,
.

ber ‘ uIb b id flug,

"
e, u
p se l bie 3 abI —en nu mb e r fi gur e
, , , .

b ea t .
gi bl en to c o unt
,
.

bie inunbe, —
n, r o und , c i rc ui t . ber Bei ger —b hand (o f
, ,

b r © Iunben3eiger,
e e — b, a ti me pi e c e) -
.

c
se o nd -ha nd . bie Bi ffer n fi gure ,
-
, .

iteben itunb , , i
ge tunben, to bub 3 i iierq tt “
er d i a l , , ,

st an d . fa c e .

A Eragen (b ie eine li br ? 2 S umobI, id) babe eine in

. 1 . .

ber ( m y) I oid n 3 Bei gen C 5 ie 1nir bub Bi iierq tt S brer . .

<

l i br 4 i bub ieben G
. i te aui betn Bi iierq tt ? 5 S d) iebe
. .

3 a bIen obe r 3 iiiern , non einb bib 3mi . 6 Qb ab bebeuten

.

bieie Bi iiern ? ® ie bebeuten bie ©tunben beb i

‘

7 . ugeb .

8 . QI ber ein
z ug but bad) 24 ©tunben, unb bi er iteben nur
ami 9 SreiIid) ; abet ber IIeine Sei ger , ber ©tunben3eiger,
. .

mad) t ameintuI bie SRunbe in 24 g tunben unb 2 x 1 2 mad) t 24 .

1 o. i bub bebeuten bie IIeinen (S tri de amiid) en ben ©tunben ? -

.

1 1 SDieie bebeuten bie SUE

. inuten ; in j eber @ tunbe iinb 60
til tinuten 1 2 fib ebbuIb iinb nur 5 ©tri d) e amiid) en ben
. .

Sei ger ber Sfi inutengeiger mad) tfib er gr obe

’
é tunben? 1 3 .
, ,

bie SRunbe ciumaI in ei ner g tunbe unb 5 x 1 2 mad) t 60 .

14 ubr en baben gemba id) uud) einen ©eIunben3eiger

. .

SDieier mir b b orn 2Ir 5te gebruucbt urn bie ‘BuIbicq ge eineb
'

15 .
,

fi runfen 5u gubIen .

B O ral : I Wie v i e l e St u nd en hat e i n T ag ?

. . 2 Wie v i e l e .

Z i ffer n hat e i ne U hr ? 3 Wa s fur Z ei ger ha t si e ? 4 Wie vi e l . .

33 GER MA N GR AM MA R [ g 87

U hr ist es, w e nn b ei d e Z e i ge r
(are a t t w elv e) ? a uf 1 2 t
s e he n

5 Wi e Vi el U hr i st e s w en n d e r M i nu t e nz e i ge r a uf 6 u nd d er
.
,

S t un d en z e i ge r z w i sc hen ei n s und z w e i s t e ht ? 6 W e nn d e r .

M i nu t enz ei ge r auf 9 st e ht un d d er St und e nz ei ge r b e i na he a uf 4 ?

7 U m w i e V i e l U hr ge he n Si e ge t
. n l ic h z u Be tt ? 8 W a nn .

s i nd S i e heu t e m o r gen a u fge s t a nd e n ? 9 W i e vi e l U hr i s t e s .

,

w e n n d e r M i nut e nz e i ge r a u f 4 s t e h t u nd ( l er St un d e n z e i ge r

z w i sc hen 6 und 7 ? I o W en n d er M i nu t enz e i ger a uf 8 und

.

d er S tu nd enz e i ge r z wi sc hen 8 u n d 9 s t eht ?

C a n yo u t e ll m e wha t t i me i t is ? 2 . Y es, I ha v e
I
a

w a tc h i n my po ck e t 3 I w ill . . s ho w yo u the d i a l . I se e

t ha t i t q ua rt e r to e i ght fo r the
is a ,
a t n i ne lo ng ha nd is ( itebt) ,

a n d the sho rt ha n d a l m o s t a t e i ht W h a t ti m e is i t w he n the

g 5 . .

m i nu t e hand i s a t 6 a nd the ho ur ha nd b e t w e e n 9 a nd 1 0 ?
- -

6 I t is t he n ha l f pa s t n i ne
.
-
7 H o w m a ny b a n d s .has a w a t c.h ?

8 M i ne has t hr e e o n e fo r the ho ur s o ne fo r the m i nut es a n d

.
, , ,

o ne fo r the se c o n d s N o t a ll w a tc hes ha v e a s e c o nd ha nd
.
-
,

bu t i t is use d by phy si ci a ns in o r d e r to c o u nt the pul se b e a t s o f -

t he i r pa ti ent s ( a) A t w ha t o c l o c k d o yo u us ua lly get up in

.
’

the m o r n i n g ? 1 1 I usua lly r i s e a t hal f past se v e n

. 1 2 Y es - .

te rd a y e v en i ng I w a s w o rki ng u ntil a ft e r m i d n i ght I wa s

to o t i r ed t hi s m o r ni n g to ri se a t the usu a l ho u r 14 I t wa s 2 0 . .

m i nu t e s pas t e i ght w he n I go t up \ l G o e t he the gr ea t G e r .

,

m a n po e t u sua lly r o se a t 5 o cl o ck o r at ha l f pa st 5 in the su m

’
-
,
i

m e r w hen he w a s ( still) y o ung (

, T he tr a i n fo r (uud)) .
_

Be rli n w ill l eav e a t A M a nd w i ll a rriv e a t . P M . . .

D . 8eieitucfe
I . R utiel .

QBie bei bt bub D i ng bor t un ber QBunb ?

‘
”

(5 b id) Iugt unb but bod) Ieine S nub ;

'

6b bangt unb gebt bod) fort unb ior t ;

'

6b gebt unb Ionunt bod) nid) t b out D irt .

H i ma s ]

2 . 11m i b
ecb ubr morgenb merben bie © d) ii Ier burcb bie
90 GE R MAN GR AM MA R 89

S ubj uncti v e of mad) en, ibrecben, fall en .

I spea k ,
m a y sp ea k , I fa ll , m a y fall ,
e tc . e tc

i d) ibr ed) e
bu ibred) eit
er ibr ed) e
mir ipred) en
i br fprecbet
fie ibred) en
I mperfec t .

I m a d e , m i gh t m ak e, I spo k e, m i ght spe a k , I fe ll , m i ght fa ll ,

e tc . e tc e tc .

i d) mad) te id) iprud)e

bu mad) teit bu ipri d nit
:

er mad) te er ipri dn

mir mad) ten mir iprii d) en

i br mad) tet i br iprud) et
'

i i e mad t
) n
e iie ipri d) en
P erf ect .

I ha v e (may ha v e) m ad e, spo k en ,
I ha v e (m a y ha v e) fall en,
C tC . C tC .

i d) babe gemad) t, geibrod) en i d)

iei gefall en
bu bubeit gemad) t, geiprod) en bu ieieit gefall en
er babe gemad) t, geiprod) en, te . er iei gefall en ,
te .

I had ( mi ght hav e) m a d e, spo k en , I ha d ( m i ght hav e) fa ll en,

e tc . e tc .

butte gemad) t
i d) , geiprod) en mare gefall en
i d)
bu bdtteit gemad) t , geiprod) en, it . bu mii reit gefuIIen ,
1 c.
 9 1] L E S SO N X XV I 91

I sha ll m a k e , spea k; fa ll , e tc .

id)merbe mad) en imerben fall en , ,

bu merbeit mad) en ipred) en fa ll en , ,

er merbe mad) en ibred) en fa ll en , , ,

ze
.

F u tu re P erf ec t .

I sha ll ha v e m a d e
(spo k en) etc , .

i d) merbe gemad) t (geiprod) en) baben

bu merbeit gent ud) t (geiprod) en) baben , te.

ll have fa ll en e tc
I sha ,
.

i d) merbe gefall en fei n

bu merbeit gefal l en fei n 2c ,
.

O BS ERV E : I T he pe r s i s t e n t e o f the e nd i ngs

. .

2. T he i mpe r fect subj unct i v e o f a l l r e gul a r w ea k v er b s is the

a m e a s the i m pe r fect i n d i c a t i v e .

3 S tr o n v e r b s w i t h a o 11 i n the i m pe r fe ct i n d i c a t i v e s t e m
.
g , ,

um l a u t i n the i m pe r fe ct subj u n ct i v e .

4 T he c o m po und t e nses are fo r m e d by a dd i ng the pa st

.

a rtic i pl e o r the i n fi n i tiv e o r b o t h to th e aux il i a ry pr e c i sely a s

p , , ,

i n the i nd i c a t i v e (fo r wo r d o r d er se e ,

90 . Us e of S ubj uncti v e . 1 . T he use o f t hi s m oo d i s con

fi n ed a t i r e ly to d epend en t sen t enc es

l m o st en .

T he E ngli sh fo r m s w it h m a y a nd m i ght in the pa r a

’
2 .

d igm s o nly pa rti ally a nd o cc asi o nally r e pr e sen t the e x a ct fo r c e

o f the G e r m a n sub u n ct i v e
j
iugte bub er 65e bube
, . He sa id he ha d m o n ey .

3 d) babe oft gelniinid n bub id) ,

I ha v e t
i shed t ha t
o f en w I ha d
©e bil i te .
( m i gh t ha v e ) o ne y
m .

91 . I ndi r ect Statement s a nd Questi ons .

j agt : S d) bin nt ube

“
(Er " . He sa y s : I a m t i r ed
“
.

(Er j agt bub er tniibe i it

, . He sa y s ( t ha t) he is t i r e d .
 GER MA N GR AM MA R

Gr iugte S d) bin 1nube ,, id I am t i r e d . He sa

“
.

Gr iugte, buber rniibe iei ( mure)H e sa i d ( t ha t) he w as tir ed . .

(Er fr agte : fib er i it bu? H e a sk ed :

"
“
Who is t he r e ?
Gr fr agte, mer bu iei ( Ib i re) H e a sk ed w ho w as t her e .
.

S d) fr agte, 0 b er rnii be iei I a sk e d if ( w he t he r) he w a s

t ir ed .

©ie iugten bub iie i bren Qi ater T hey sa i d t ha t t hey l o v ed t he i r

,

l i ebten . fa t he r .

(Si r fugte er iei ( mare) mube

,
H e sa i d ( t ha t ) he w a s t i r ed . .

O BSERV E : I . I nd i r ect t t
s a e m en s a n d t q ue st i o ns are a l wa y s
d e pen d en t l
c auses, a nd ha v e the w o r d o r d e r o f suc h cl a uses

2 . T hev er b o f the d e pend e n t cl ause is usua lly in the sub

j unct i v e i f the v e r b o f the go v e r ni ng cl a use b e in a pas t t e nse ,

a n d u nl i k e E ngli sh ha s r e gul a rly the sa m e t e ns e w hic h i t w o u l d

, ,

ha v e if the s t a t e m e n t o r q u es t i o n w e r e d i r e ct .

NO T E — T h i nd i
. i u d i n l u d ir
e t t m t t
c .
p s f t se . s a e en o ex r ess a ac as

un di p t d
s u e h d f b y th
o r as v o uc p k r e o r e s ea e .

3 .W he r e the pr e se nt subj un cti v e o f a v er b ha s no fo r m s

d i s ti nct fr o m t ho se o f i ts pr e se n t i nd i c a tiv e the i m pe r fe ct sub ,

un ct i v e i s u se d i n st ea d o f the pr ese n t a s i n the l a s t exa m pl e

j ,

b ut o n e a b o v e .

I f o r w he t he r i n d e pe nd e n t q ue sti o ns
’
ab
‘ ’ ‘
4 . .

5 .T h e c o nj u ncti o n bub ma y b e o m i tt e d i n cl a use s o f i nd i

r e ct st a t e m e nt w hi c h t he n ha v e the w o rd o r d e r O f a pr i nc i pal
,

sent en c e ( v e r b s e c o nd ) .

E X E RC IS E X X V I
m= bie Ginl ubung —eu, i nv i t a
anne uren b ( nu bm , geno ,

men) to a cc e pt ,
. tio n .

befebl en befubl ,
befebl en , , ci nit o n c e (upo n a t i m e)
, .

to o r d e r c o m ma nd ,
. entbed en to d i sc o v er ,
.

berii bren to t o uc h ,
.
frangbfiid) Fr e nc h , .

bi d t hi ck
,
.
fii rcb ten to fe a r b e a fra i d
, , of .
94 GER MAN A M MA R
GR 91

a nneh m en .
3 Da s i st ei n gro lser L o we
.
4 D i es si nd gr o b e . .

w en . 5 . D a s w a r e n gr o b e LOw e n 6 D er D i e ne r w i r d . .

d en R ev o lv e r ho l e n .
7 H a t e r d e n R e vo lv e r ge ho lt ?
. 8 Wer
.

ha t d en R ev o l ve r ge ho lt ? 9 I s t d e r D i e ne r i mst an d e,
. e i ne n

L Owe n zu tOte n ? I o . We r ge d e nkt , d i e W a ffe zu b r au c hen .

1 1 . Wi rd er d e n L o we n tOten P

C .
® c e r t o l d m e t ha t the she i k ha d i n v i t e d hi m to
T he o ffi

d i nn e r 2. I w a r n ed hi m t ha t the she i k w a s a n u n pl easa n t

.

ma T he o ffi c e r a nsw ere d t ha t he d i d n t fea r the she ik

’
.
_

4 H e d i sc o v er e d t ha t a b ig l i o n w a s und e r the t a b l e
.
5 A t . .

o n c e he a s k e d the s he i k w hy the li o n w a s t he r e
(61 H e .

r e pli e d t ha t i t eb w a s a p l easa n t sur ri se w hi c h he ha d

( i )
b i e er ( ) p
pr epa r ed fo r his gues t 7 T he o ffi c e r t he n s a i d t ha t he a l so
. .

ha d a pl easa nt sur pr i se fo r the sh e i k T her e upo n he b eck . .

o u ed to his serv a n t a n d the serv a n t go t the r e v o lv e r

, 9 A s . .

a s gi v i ng i t to his m a s t e r he wa r n e d hi m t h a t a l i o n
( )
u l b h e w ,

ha d a v e ry t hi ck sk ull I O H e sa i d t ha t i t w as i mpo ssi bl e

. .

(nnnt bgl i cb) to k i ll hi m w i t h t hi s w ea po n 1 1 T he o ffi c e r . .

r epl i e d t ha t he w o ul d b e i n a po si t i o n to k i ll the she i k if the

l i o n b ec a m e d i sagr eeab l e .

D . L esestuc k E s ka m i
l ein Baue r in d ie St a d t ge fahr en
e n ma ,

hi e lt v o r ei ne r A po t he k e a n un d l ud e i n e g ro b e Stub entii r
v o m W age n a b AIS e r d i e T li r i n d en L a d en tr ug m a c ht e
.
,

d er A po t he k e r gr o b e A uge n un d fr ag t e i hn w a s er hi er w o ll e ,

d er T i sc hl e r w o hne n eb e n a n D e r Baue r a b e r sag t e er w o ll e

.
,

n i c h t z um T i sc hl e r so nd e r n z um A po t h ek e r
,
D er A rzt sei b ei .

se i n er kr a nk e n Fr au ge we sen un d hab e i hr e i n e A rz en e i v er

s c hr i eb en A IS d er H e rr D o kt o r a b e r d a s Re z ept a ufsc hr e i b e n
.

w o llt e se i w e d e r F e d e r no c h T i nt e n o c h Pa pi er i m H ause
, , ,

g e w ese n ; d a hab e e r es m i t Kr e i d e a n d i e S tub e n tii r ge

s c hr i e b en D er A po t hek e r l a c ht e b e r e i t e t e a b e r d em Ba uer n
.
,

d i e A rz en ei d er d a m i t n ac h H au se z uni c kfuhr und si e d er Fr au

‘

ei ngab .
 L E S SO N XXV I I

L E S S O N XX VI I
92 . Prepos i t i ons w i th Dati v e . T he fo ll o w i ng p r e po si
t i o ns go v e r n th e d a t i v e on ly
unb bei
b
un er mi t
gegenfi ber

93 . 91113, o ut o f, o f, fr o m .

1 . O ut of ( m o t i on
)
Gr Iornntt aub bent
‘
i
.
j an e i . He c o m es o ut o f the ho use .

2 . O f (m a t e r i a l)
ib ub S aa b i ii aub j ol ggebaut
S
. . T he ho use i s b u ilt of woo d .

3 . Fr o m (o r i gi n)
(Er Iurumt uub Gngl unb . He c o mes fr o m E ngl a nd .

4 Fro m (c ause)
.

3 d) tue eb uub Surcbt . I do i t fro m fea r .

94 . 9I11ber , ou s t ide o f, ex c ept .

1 . O ut s i d e of ( r e st ) ,
mo re c o m m o nly unberbul b ge ni t i v e
(Si r a 1110 au e b r ber ©tabt . H e liv e s o u t si d e the t o w n .

2 E x c e pt b e si d e s b u t
.
, ,

mirbtb uuber ei nem @ 10 d e . N o t hi ng b ut (ex c ept) a c a ne .

95 . Get, n ea r (by) , b esi de , a t, w i th .

1 . N ea r (by), b esi d e
Gr itanb bei ber I ii r . He t
s oo d ( r) the by ne a do or .

2 . A t ( the ho us e, e tc .
, of Fr en c h c/zez ) w i t h ,

Gr mobnt bei nt D nl el . H e l i v es a t hi s u ncl e s

’
.

3 A b o u t (o n e s per so n) w i t h
’
.
,

3 d) babe Gel b bei 1nir I ha v e m o ne y

. ab o u t me .

N OT E b ei is g e er lly c o ntrac t e d w it h un m pha i

. n a e s z ed bem: bcitn
bei bem .
96 G ER MA N GR A M MA R [g96

96 . Wi t , w i t h, l
a o ng wi h t .

Wi t h ( i nstr um ent )
I .

S d) id) reibe nt i t ber Seber . I am w ri t i ng w i t h the pe n .

l ng w i t h i n c o m pa ny wi h t
2
( A o.
) ,

Gr l ont ni t mit ibnen . H e is c o m i ng w i t h t he m .

97 . ili ud) , af e t r ,
to , a cc o rd i ng to .

I . A ft e r ( t i m e ,
o r d e r)
m
3

bra d) ber Q u l e . A ft e r sc ho o l .

(S r tornmt nad) 1nir . He c o m es af e t r (n ex t to ) m e .

2
(. i t h
To p r o p e rw n a m es o f pl a c e s
)
Gr r ei ft uud) Si am (Cbina)
cc i ll
H e is go i n g to R o m e (C hi na)
c a s e i n t h i s s en se
% .

3 A o
. r d n g t o ( m a
y fo o w i ts
)
Stud) mei ner E meinnng A cc o r d i ng to m y o p i n i o n
. .

Sl i ciner Ell i einung narb A cc o r d i ng to m y o pi ni o n. .

98 . Gei t s i n c e , .

@ ei t bent Eriege S i n c e the w a r

. .

ier H e ha s b e e n he r e fo r a w eek . .

th f th pr t
rv e i t hi i d i m
e use o e es . e nse n s o .

99 . 250 11, fro m , o f, a b o u t , by .

1 . Fro m
Gr Iurnrnt b un ber @ tubt . He co m e s fr o m the t o wn .

2 . O f, abo u t
fib ir S bnen
rebeten b un We w e r e speaki ng o f yo u . .

r l a c i ng ge n i t i v e c a se
3 O f ( .e p )
E ater b on b i er ainbern F a t her o f fo ur c hi ld r en . .

NO T ES . 1 . T h e E ng p re p
. . of
’
w rth a no un m us t
g ene a r lly b n e re

de r ed i n Ge r b y . a gen . w it h t ou a
p r e
p .
,
w he n e e vr it ca n b e t urned i nt o

the En g po ss . .
, o t h rw i
e se b y tu m Q er fi opf ei neb b unbeb, T he he a d o f
‘

iDi e E
bi utter bl eier S i nber, I he m o t her o f t hese
i
(a
’
a dog dog s he a d ) "

ch il d r en r eben non bent Wi fibm

’
; SZBi r en W t lki g f th g irl ,
e a re a n o e .
’

2 $ 0 11 r pl c
. th g n w it h n q
e li fi d pl r
a es i n th
e e m pl . u ua e u . n o u n s , as e e xa e

un d r 3e b ; ,
l t v i d r p titi
a ove f g n iti
a so d us u ll y ft r
o a o e e on o e v es, a n a a e

pa rtitiv G a b fpunb 110 111 Sb ruber mei neb Sb uterb ; ei ner 110 11 mei nen
es : ‘

St eunben .
98 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 10 2

E X E RC IS E X XV II
d i sm o u n t , ber D mnibub , — i
ub teigen
i to fie ,
omn

get ( v e hi
o ut o fcl e
) a . b us .

bie A b u n l — en b an k , ,
.
Q itern, E ast er .

beieben beiub beieben to l o o k

, , , bub Sli b
ut u ub ,
—eb , a
er, tow n
a t vi e w se e
, , . ha ll .

beiteigen beitieg beitiegen to , , , bie bl ei le, —n j o ur n e y v o y a ge , , ,

m o un t a s c en d ge t i n t o (a
, , tri p ei ne mad) en to ,

v e hi cl e) . t ak e (go o n) a j o ur ne y .

bie SBbrie —n E x c ha n ge
'
, ,
. bie S li eitaurutio n eu res ,
-
,

bie Sreunbin —nen fr i en d , ,

. ta ura n t .

ber Guitbof e ho t e l ,
u
,
.
iebuuen to l o o k gaz e , , .

bub Gebuube —b b u il d i ng fi gea iub geiefien to

'

, ,
.
, , ,
si t .

bub Gebrunge b cro wd ,

~

, , j obul b mie a s so o n a s ,
.

t hro ng cr ush ,
.
bie Z uiie n c up ,
-
,
.

ber Q utid r b w — c o a c hm a n , , , b erbringen, b erbrud n

e, b er
d r i v er . br ad) t, to spen d , pass ( t i m e
) .

a l o ng
l ii ngb (gen d a t o r , ,
.
S eitl ung ( i e ne ) ,
fo r a w hi l e .

nl bgl id) p o ssi b l e ,

.
an Sub ,
on fo o t .

nud) ben1 (co nj ) a ft e r ,

.
311 i bl ittug ff
e en, to c n
ic il .

niemunb n o b o d y n o o n e , , .

A S Cf) bin ieit b i er S ubren e rerin in 58 0 n ; 3a

. 1 .
‘

D itern bieieb S ubreb mad) te id) ei ne di ei fe nud) Iaub .

2 .
d i ne Sreunbin begl eitete mid) 3 l l nier Garbi ff fubr b un . .

Jl tontreul nud) Sonbon 4 Stud) iteben I ugen l umen mir in

S " ‘
. .

Qonbon an 5 © obul b mie mbgl id) fubren mir 3a uniernt

. .

Guitbofe bei b buring Gr ab 6 G a eb iput ubenbb mur gi ngen

’

.
.
,

mir bul b 3a G ett nucbbent mir ei ne geitl ung aub bent {tenfter ,
<

geid) aut batten 7 Srii b rnorgenb gi ngen mir aub urn bie .
,

G tubt ein meni g 3u beieben 8 Qb ir beitiegen ei nen a i . .

.

bub unb iuben bei bent ftutfd nr

, 9 fib er a i bub fubr . .

“
Iungb bern G trunb bib 3ur fib unl non Gngl anb g ab
'

I o . .

Gebrunge i n bieier © trube mur febr grub, beiunberb bei ber

 10 2 ] L ES SO N XXV II 99

Banf
E © iefern (bebuube gegenuber itebt bie E
. rr . Bbrfe, bie
berii bt nte Sonbonet (Exchange j ier ftiegen mit ub unb
S ’
1 2 "
.

gi ngen 311 % 3 511 m mutbuné ober ©uiIbbuH mie es bei bt

“
uf , .

1
3 . r SReftunrution mo mit
58 0 m Stutbunfe gi ngen tvir 311 e nei ,

Q unn fubren mir rnit einer SDroicbfe

'

fi
'

511 S ittug ia sen 14 . .

an ein e m fBertnunbten r
5 é
B ei i bm tour niem unb an Q unie . .
,

auf ger {ei ner gr an ©emubl in m ir bei i br ei ne

1 6 Sl u bem m . .

Q ufie S ee getrunfen batten febrten mi r gum (b uftbofe gurii cf , .

1 7 65 0 b erbrucbten mir ben I ug iebr angenehm

. .

B . Wa rm m a c ht est d u d ie R e i se wo v o n d u er
O ral : 1 .
,

z a hl st ? 2 W o hi n fuhr d a s Sc hi ff ? 3 Wo ka m d as Sc hifi a n ?
'

. .

4 Wo st e ht d e r G a st ho f w o i hr a b s tieg t ?
.
5 Wi e fuhrt ,
.

i hr d a hi n ? 6 W es ha l b se i d i hr fri i h z u Be tt ge ga ngen ?
.

7 W eshal b sc ha ut m a n a us d e n F e ns t e r n ?
. 8 W0 w a r d a s .

G e d range b eso n d e r s gro B ? 9 W e l c hes G ebaud e s t e ht d er .

Bor se gege ni i b e r ? I O Si tz st d u ge r n b e i m K u t sc he r ? I I H a t
‘

. .

d er K u t sc he r vi e l m it e uc h ges pr o c he n ? 1 2 S pr e c he n d i e .

K ut sc he r ge r n m i t Fr em d en ? 1 3 Wo hi n fuhr d er O m n i b us ? .

14 L ii ngs w e lc he r Stra Be fuhr e r ?

. 1
5 G e hs t d u ge r n l n .

Pu b ? 16 W esha l b se i d ihr z ur R es t a ur a ti o n gega ngen ?

.

1 7 Wa r st d u heut e b ei d e i n en V er wa nd t en ? I 8 Bei w e m
. .

ha b t ihr T e e ge tr unk e n ?

C . M i ss Kl e i n has t o ld me of he r j o ur ne y to L o nd o n .

2 . S he ha d b e e n i n E ngl a nd fo r fi ve
not y ea r s . l ad y ,

a fri e n d o f he r [ s] , w e n t w i t h he r . d no t
go
v e ry fa st a nd o nly (erit) a ft e r ten o r t we lv e d ay s
, d i d t he y
a rriv e i n L o nd o n 5 T he y w er e ti r e d fr o m the j o u r ne y
. .
,

a nd w e n t a t o nc e to t he i r ho t e l a t bei C ha ri n g C r o s s
( ) 6 T he . .

n e x t m o r n i ng t hey m o unt e d a n o m n i b us i n o r d e r to see the ,

c i ty a g r e a t d e a l fr o m the d riv e r i f o ne
.
7 O ne .
,

s i t s b e si d e hi m the o m n i b us t he y d ro v e t hr o ugh the

'

s tre e ts a s fa r
9 O ppo si t e t hi s b u il d i n g st an d s .

a r e st a ur a nt w he r e t hey d r a n k a c u p o f tea
,
I O A ft e r w a r d s . .

t hey w e n t o n fo o t to the Ex c hange a nd the Ba nk o f E ngl a nd .

I OO GER MA N GR AM MA R

A t the b a nk thecr ush w a s so gr ea t t ha t t hey had to t ak e a

1 2 T he y t he n d r o v e to the ho use o f a n a u n t o f ( non)
.

M i ss Kl e i n w i t h w ho m t hey d i ne d 1 3 T hus t he y spen t t hei r

,
. .

fi r s t d ay i n Lo n d o n v e ry agr e e ab ly .

D . L esestu c k : E in R e i se n d e r w a r t
s u nd e nl a ng d urc h i
e ne

o de G e ge n d ge fa hr e n , o lm e i
e ne m m e nsc hli c he n W e sen zu

b ege gn en . E nd l i c h e r b li ckt e
H utt e v o r d er en i
e r e n e e e nd e l ,

T ii r e i n e hager e G e st al t ge ge n d e n T i i r pfo s te n l e hn t e M ei n .

Fr eund fragt e d er R ei send e ha b e n Sie I hr ga nz es L e ben

,
” “
,

hi e r z uge b r ac ht ? N o c h n i c ht l a ut e t e d ie A nt wo rt .

L E S S O N X X V III

1 03 . The S i mp l e Cond i t i ona l .

I s ho u ld ha v e , m a k e,

i d) murbe baben murben

bn murbeft
er murbe
mit wur ben
i br mitrbet
iie wur ben
O BSERV E i m pl e c o n d i ti o na l o f a ll v e r bs is fo r m ed by
: T he s

a d d i ng t hei r i nfi ni t i v e to the i m per fect subj uncti v e o f merben .

1 04 . The Compound Condi t i onal w ith baben .

I s ho u ld ha v e ha d ( mad e
) ,
t ho u w o ul d st , e tc .

murbe gehabt ( gemad) t) baben

i d)
bu mii rbeft gehabt (gemad) t) baben
er mur ba gehabt (gemad) t) baben ,
3c .

O BSE R E : V T he co c on d i t i o na l
v e r b c o nj uga t ed
mp o u n d of a

w ith hab en I S fo r m e d b y a d d i ng i ts pa st partici pl e to the s i m pl e

c ondi tio na l of baben (fo r word ord e r , c o mpa r e

10 2 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 10 6

4 W hen the i f cl ause pr ec e d es the subj e ct o f the r e sult

.
‘ ’
,

cl a use i s t hr o wn a ft er the v e r b (a s i n the fi r st ex a m pl e a b o v e) ,

the pa rti cl e i n b e i ng u sua lly i n s e rt ed b efo r e the v e r b b u t no t ,

tra nsl a t ed i n t o E ngli sh .

28 mi n, if, m ay b e om i tt e d c o nd iti o n pre

’
w he n the
‘
5 .

c e d es the r esu lt in w hi c h c as e the v er b

, b egi n s the se n t en c e ,

a nd the r esult cl ause is i ntr o d u c e d b y in .

E XE RCIS E X XV III

ubge en b to go a wa y ,
se t
genej en genus, genefen,
o ut, s a t rt ,
d e pa rt . to g e t w e ll r e c o v e r
,
.

ub meienb ,
a b se n t .
genug, e no ugh .

ud)! ah ! oh ! bus ®efd) uft, —

e ,
b u si
'
Bel l i n,
F Be rli n n ess
‘

. .

li efebt, cc upi e d full

o ,
. l oftj piel ig c o stly e x pe n si v e
, , .

bej ot gen to t a k e c a r e o f se e
‘

, , miti ommen to c o m e a l o ng

to l o o k a ft e r ( i t
, . h) w .

beé lm l b fo r t hi s o r t ha t r e a so n mi tt ei len to tr a v e l w i t h
‘

, , ,

t her e fo r e o n t ha t a c c o unt , go w i t h c o m e a l o ng ( w i t h).

, .

et fl anfett
‘ ‘

to fa ll ill bie E miti el ( pl ) m ea ns

.
, .

ber gall 6 fa ll c a s e nutii t l i d) n a t u r a lly o f c o ur s e

” ‘

.
, , , , ,

bie (Sj el egenbeit —en o cc a si o n

'
, u nfoiten (pl ) e xpe nses
, , , .

o ppo rt un i ty . mubr tr ue ,
.

wohl p r o b ab ly I s uppo se , ,
.

I n ro ms : 1 . Rommen Gi t: bod) mi t ! D m l g o co e a on .

2 . 59 0 3 fiBetter i ii fdfij ll ni d) i wuhr Th w t h i l i n t it

,
e ea er s i n e, s
’

A .
% ur ben g ie ei ne E
li cij e Deutfdflunb mad) en wenn
uud)
‘
.
,

® ie (Sj el egenbeit l) i tteu ? S um olfl ! 23 am rnein Qi uter ni d i

)
erl runl t in rou — 9) i ii en g it: beb ul b
t e id) j etét i ) b d i f jj
‘ ‘

, on u b e re t g .

511 som e b ib n
l e e ? — ruelu QSuter l runf ober ubmefenb
QBenn
iii mufg id) fei ne (S
, j f flf
e d i te be f g
or en — Du er wi eber genefen
T .
~

i it wer ben g ie bul b ubreifen nid) t mubr ?

, S d) murba fd) 0 n ,
-

bieie QBocbe reiien wenn bie G D pfer nid) t ull e beiebt mur en
‘ um
, .
 10 6] L ES S O N X X V II I 10
3

—
3 §t i nu
et fi en © ie mobl bie nud) fte { Bod e mar ten — S a l
3 d) mi ll mit bent Q uinpfer fubren , i ittmod) ub
ber ni cbiten SD

g b
e t 83m mg ie Quit batten mitgureiien l o inur e es i nir iebr
5 .
,

ang n h
e e m — fib rin i d) bie SlJi ittel butte iniirbe i d) @ ie ger ne ,

begl ei ten uber i d) fii rcbte bie Si ei fa iniirbe gu foftipiel ig

, ,

wer ben — bid) ! ® ie ll nl often iinb mobl ni d) i in grofg wie C Z ie

‘

C
,

—
l
g u n
a be 3 n bi efeni {full er tnii rbe es ni ir b iel l eid) t i nbgl id)
.

ie in — SDunn l om m en @ i a m it ; bus i
‘

nu r e r i
p ) g d ti ! — @ ie
wurben nuti ul id) guerft QSerl in beiud) en nid) t mubr 9 — 3 u ;
’
'

roenn i d) 3 ei t unb Qi el b genug butt e in murbe id) { pater nucb ,

Engl unb rei ien .

B C o nti nue the fo ll o w i ng 3 d) murbe l ommen wenn

‘

. : 1 .
,

i d) g i t butteeb u wenn b u 20 ,
2 { Benn i d) Gi e l egen ,
. . s

bei t butte in murbe i d) ei ne di eiie mad) en 3 S d) mi ll gu

, . .

éj uuie bl ei ben menn i d) funn 4 g utte i d) 6

, 5e genug ge= . .

l) abt l o butte i d) bub g uns gel anit 5 QBure i d) ni d) t l runf

' ‘

.
, .

gemeien in miu be i d) geitern gefmnnt en iein 6 S IBii rbe i d)

’
'

. .
,

gefall en iei n wenn id) gel aufen mare ? 7 i b enn

,
.

i d) mor gen mobl bin 10 merbe i d) ubrei fen , .

C . C o m pl e t e the fo ll o w i ng
r lly b y a d d i ng a cl a use ex o a

pr essi ng c o nd i t i o n o r r esult : 1 W enn d i e Ki nd e r a rt i g si nd .

,

so 2 H att e i c h F e d e r un d T i n t e so
.
3 Ich ,
.

w ij rd e Berl i n sc ho n b esuc ht ha b en w en n 4 W e nn si e ,
.

n i c ht e rk alt e t g e w ese n w ar e so 5 E r w u r d e sc ho n , .

a b ge r e i s t s e in w e nn 6 W e nn es m o r gen r e gn e t so
,
.
,

7 W i r hatt e n ge st e r n unse r F e l d gepfl ii gt w enn

. 8 W e nn ,
.

d ie U n k o st e n ni c h t so gr o l3 w ar e n so 9 W i r m ii ss e n ,
.

bi s néic hste Wo c he w a rt e n w en n 10 E s w u r d e uns se hr

,
.

a n enehm s e i n w enn W n i h m r n n i c h t zu
g 1 1 ,
e n c o g e .

m ii d e b in so 1 2
,
I c h ha tt e Si e g er n b e gl e i t e t w e nn
.
,

D .
I ha v e a m i nd to tak e a tri p to Eu r o pe t hi s s u mm e r .

é If ha d ti me
E a st e r
a nd m o n ey e no ugh, I sho u ld ha v e go n e

( ubrei en) i at .
3 . If o ne has no m o ney a nd n o ti m e ,
10 4 GE R MAN GRA M MA R 10 7

o ne m ust t y
s a at l d tra v e l m uc h m o r e i f I
ho m e .
4 . I sho u ,

ha d the 5 W o ul d i t b e po ss i b l e fo r yo u to a c c o m
.

p a n y m e I sho ul d a cc o m pa ny yo u gl a d ly if m y fa t he r ,

ha d no t b e en i ll 7 I ho pe he w i ll so o n b e w e ll aga i n
. . .

8 Pe r haps ; a n d i n t ha t c as e i t w o ul d b e po ssi b l e fo r m e to
.

g o w i t h [y ]
o u 9 I f s t ea m e r s are
. n o t a l l full
. w e ,

c a n s t a rt n e x t m o n t h sho ul d hav e s t art e d a lr e a d y i f

.
,

the st ea m er s ha d no t al l b ee n full 1 1 We sho ul d o f c o urse . .

vi si t G e r m a n y sho ul d w e n o t ? 1 2 C e rt a i nly ; a nd a ft e r w a r d s
,
.

w e s ho ul d t ak e a tri p to L o nd o n w he r e I ha v e r e l a tiv e s , .

13 .T ha t w o ul d b e spl e nd i d 14 We s ho ul d b e v e ry w elc o m e . .

a t t he i r ho us e 1
5 Y o u w o ul d
. e nj o y y o ur se l f v e ry m uc h i n
.

L o nd o n .

E . Qefeftud
(Sl bdl ein, bl benbgl od l eind uute E l i ube bem, ber forgt unb meint, f

%ri eben, fi reube Sli ul) bent {treunb unb uud) bent
’

bi ll en E l li enid nn gu ! gei nb i
g e l l e l u fi b ei n Qi eb erj d) ul l en Q l l l en Qi eben bri nge bu
unb bri ng ull en Sli ube unb uud) mit bugu !
’

(Sl i ne funfte

L E S S O N X X IX
1 07 . Arti cl e w i th Noun i n Gener al S ens e .

m
$ 61? 932m ) i ii fi erbl icl) . Ma n i s m o rt a l .

Q aé Qfil ué i it burcbfi cbi ig . G l a ss i s tran spar en t .

T it Ell i uiif i ft ei ne fi utt ft M usic is a n a rt

'

a . . .

Der S
‘
j unb i ii ber treue {treunb
. T he d o g i s the fa i t hful fr i end
be? SD Ienfcben . o f m an .

O BSERV E A ge n e r al sen se ( i n gen e r a l ,

n o un u sed a ll , in a
‘ ’ ’

ev e ry , e tc , b e i ng i m pli e d w i t h i t ) r egul a rly ha s the d e fi nit e

‘ ’
.

a rti cl e i n G e r m a n , t ho ugh n o t usua lly i n E ngl i sh .

NO T ES . I . Th i at s r . is f r e qu e n tl y om itt ed i n the pl ur ; l i n e nu . a so

m era ti o ns an d
prov erb s (Si l ent l i eben i hr e Sl inber Parent s l ove t he ir
‘
:
,
10 6 GER M AN GR AM MA R

2 W i t h plur al i ty o f po ssesso r the o bj e ct po ssessed is usually

.
,

si ngul a r if i t is si ngul a r as r ega r d s the i nd i v i d u a l po ssesso r

,
.

111 . Om i s s i on of I nd efi ni t e A rti cl e .

Ct i ii ( mur ba) ?Irgt . H e i s ( b e c a m e) a d o ct o r .

Gr i it ein guter ?l rgt . H e is a go o d d o ct o r .

O BSERV E i nd efini t e a rt i cl e i s usually o mi tt ed b efo r e the

: T he
unq ua l i fi e d pr e d i c a t e a ft e r iein a nd wer ben w he n i t i nd i c a t e s

c all i ng o r pr o fessi o n .

E X E RC IS E X X IX

be be en —
bus fi n fi , s, suppe r . ber il i udnnittug, —e, af
abnehmen, to t ak e aw a y, t a k e terno o n .

o ff . ber —
Q nturio, 6, L ak e O n t a r i o .

bie Gbemie , phy sic s

' '
c hem i s try . bi ea fi f
‘
,
.

'
bu rd fiicbtig, tr a n spa r en t . ber Sli bein ,
the ( ri v er
)
bub Gi len, -
6 i ron ,
. R hi n e .

Eur opa, 7L , ,
—6 Eur o pe . bie g dnveig, Sw i tz e rl a n d .

ber geiertug, —e, ho l i d a y .

j dnner ,
hea vy , ha r d , d i ffi c ult .

bie griebri ftt ufie, Fr e d e r i ck m ‘

bie g eefii fte, —n, s ea -c o a st .

Str e e t f o t hr ust , pu t, st i ck
.
ftec en,
t .

bus ©l u6, , er, gl a ss —

es
“
. ber 6 tube nt, —eu, —en, stu
'

S l b —
bus ( j o , es, go l d . d e nt

grii fien (a m ), to gr e e t , b o w to .
ftubieren ftubierte ftubiert
, , ,

b ul b ha l f . to st ud y .

biei gul unbe i n t hi s c o un try ,

. bus g tubium — 6 — ien s t ud y
, , ,
.

am
binu b fbu r e n (i ) to go .
, , tr eten tr ut getr eten , ,

(etc ) d o wn . . to w a lk go c o m e
, , .

bf )l i d l i t bie $ ergni1gungé rei ie

’

b p o ,
e . n ,
_
.

bie S Seute ( pl ) peo pl e pl ea sur e tr i p

- .
.
,

bie m i ebigi n m ed i c i n e
'
.
,

b us ©l u6 i ft burd fii d fiig; mun mad) t genfter uue

"
A . 1 .

(Sj l us 2 Q ue (Sj ol b i it idnnerer ul s bus (Sileii x 3 l l niere

‘

. . .

Sl inber geben frnl) bee E

lli brgens 5111? 6 d) ul e ; fie ii nb j est in bet
©d) ul e 4 g l ue eBclml e itebt in ber griebri ftrufge 5 Qini
f
. .
'

m . .
 111 ) L ES S O N XX I X 10
7

M itttb od) © onnabenb baben iie bes SJ i udnnittugs ei nen

unb

b ul ben Sei ertug 6 Stud) bem il l itenbe en mad en ie etvb n

.
ff.
) i g b s

l id) i bre bl ufguben SlBenn lie in bie g d ml ftube tr eten, nel)

.
7 .

men iie ben {out ub unb gr uben ben Bebrer bbfl id) 8 S j b f
l i d n . .

Q uaben fted en bie spli nbe nid) t in bie Q uiche .

9 . fib er l l eine
Si ut l i ft ein l) bfl id) er S unge 3 d) bin Sl i ul et , uber mei n
‘ ' ‘

10 . .

fli etter i ft g tubent ; er ftubiert j est lSl iif unb Chemi e

‘
m .

Gr ti nb t bus © tub u m l3l) t) li l befonbers interefiunt

'

i b g
‘

1 1 . e et .

1 2 .
mud) iten i Binter mir b er in fD eutid flunb SUi ebigin ftubieren . .

1
S n ben gerien mi rb er ei ne ili eiie ttud) ber g m
3 . meig mad) en .

14 i
j g
S e
.r ul unbe m ad) t tnun e i ne iB erunii gungsrei ie nud) bent
'

D nturi o ober nud) ber g eel ii fte 5 S n Gut opu fubren b i el e

‘

r . .

Beute ben fili bein binub ober belud) en bie g dnueig 1 6 Qi nbere . .

i
rei en nud) (Engl unb obet nud) bem id) onen grunl reid)
''
‘

B . O ra l
W eshal b w e r d en F enst e r a us G l a s gema c ht ?
: 1 .

2 W elc h es ist sc hw er er d a s Ei se n o d e r d a s G l a s ? 3 G ehst

.
,
.

d u he ut e z ur Sc hu l e ? 4 I n w el c he r Si ra Be s t e ht eu r e Sc hul e ?
.

5 I
. n w e lc he m M o na t e ha b t i hr F e ri e n ? 6 A n w elc he m T a ge .

d er Wo c he ha b t ihr e i ne n ha l b en F e i e rt ag ? 7 W ie grii lse n .

Si e e i ne Da m e w e n n Sie i hr b e gegn e n ?
,
8 I st es h0 flic h d ie .
,

H and e i n d i e T a sc he z u st eck e n ? 9 Si nd Sie St ud en t ? .

10 Wa s st ud i e r en Sie j e tzt ? 1 1 W el c he s S tu d i u m ha b en Sie

. .

g er n ? 1 2 Wa s w o ll en Sie so nst st ud i e r e n ? I 3 W o hi n wo ll en
. .

Sie i m So m m e r r e i s e n ? 14 Wie b ri n ge n d ie D eu t sc hen d ie .

F e ri en z u ? 1 5 U nd d i e L eut e hi e rz ul a nd e ?
.

C . 1 l r r t ha n i r o n 2 R i ngs are m a d e o f go l d
. G o l d is c ea e . . .

3 Wi nd o w s a re m a d e o f gl a ss b e c au se i t i s tr an spa r e nt
.
, .

4 C hil d r e n l ea r n ; s t ud e n t s s t ud y
. I a m a s t ud en t ; l i ttl e .

Max m y b ro t he r is o nly (erit) a pu pil

, ,
6 H e go e s to sc ho o l . .

e v e ry m o r n i ng i n Ki ng Str e e t 7 H e i n t en d s to b e c o m e a . .

pa i n t e r X I a m s t ud y i n g phy si c s a nd c he m i stry n o w fo r I
.
,

m e a n to b e ( wer ben) a d o ct o r 9 T he s t ud y o f m e d i c i n e . .

i s i nt e r e sti ng ; i t is a l so v e ry u s e ful to m a n 16 W he n w e . .
10 8 G ER MA N G R AM MA R [g 1 1 2

m ee t l ad i es i n (u11f do t ) the s tr ee t w e t a k e o ff o ur ha t s a nd
,
.
,

b o w to t he m 1 1 T hey b o w to u s b ut t he y d o n o t t a k e o ff
. .
,

t he i r ha t s h I n t hi s c o un try p eo pl e gen er a lly t ak e a pl ea sur e

. .

tr i p i n sum m er \3 A pl ea su r e tri p i s o ft e n b e tt e r (belief ) fo r

. .
-

the he a lt h t ha n a b i tt e r m e d ici n e I 4 L a s t w i n t e r I vi si t e d . .

G e r m a n y w i t h m y m o t he r 1 5 We i n t e n d to pa ss t hi s su m me r . .

in Sw itz e rl a n d $ 6 I f w e ha v e ti m e a ft e r w a r d s a n d i f w e ha v e
. .
,

e no ugh m o n e y w e sha ll go d o wn the R hi n e

,
.

D Spric hw o rter :
. 1 . Ub ermut tut se lt en gut .
“

2 . Ubung
m a c h t d en M e i s t e r .
3 . Kl e i d e r m a c he n L e u t e .
4 . Bo r ge n
m a c ht So r ge n .
5 . Di e N o t i s t d i e M utt e r d er E rfi nd ung .

6 . H unge r ist d e r b est e K o ch .

E . L eses tuc k tl e ge nen T e i l vo n

E in T o u rist, d e r
’

i
e nen e n

I rl an d b er e i s t e und d ie N a c ht i n e i ne m kl e i n e n w en i g b e ,

s uc ht e n Wi rt sh au s v e r b r a c ht ha tt e kl a gt e d e m W i rt e a m M o r ,

ge n d a is se i n e St i e fel d i e er vo r d ie Z i m m e rtii r ge se tzt ha b e

, , ,

n i c ht a nge rii hrt se i e n A c h sagt e d er W i rt “

in d i ese m H ause ”
.
, ,

k o nnt e n Sie so ga r I hr e go l d e ne U hr vo r d i e Z i mm ertii r l egen ,

un d k e i n M ens c h w ii rd e si e a n rii hren

”
.

L ES S O N xxx
1 12 . E x p r es s i ons of Quant i ty .

S ierunbgmungi g B ol l mad) en T w e n ty -fo ur i n c hes ma k e two

3m e i 5? q feet .

Qi i t Bfunb ; tuufenb SD
‘
i unn F o ur pound s ; a tho usand m e n
‘

e . .

S m i {E l i b l f (E ll T o b o ttl e s ; t w e lv e y a r d s
'

e u c eln givb en w .

fi finf E mai l glnungig Biennig F i v e m ark s t wen ty pfe nn i gs

,
“ .
,
.
’

g fli n ( Si l u b Qi i er . Fiv e gl ass es o f b e e r .

EDi it gtnei Buur é dmben

‘ ’
Wi t h two pai r s o f sho es . .

g ed fi E l l i eter b on biej em I ud) Six m etr e s o f t hi s cl o t h . .

fib er QEtod i ii ei nen {Fug l ung T he s tick i s a fo o t l o ng

‘

. .

O BS ERV E : r N o un s e x pr ess i ng m e a sur e w e i gh t o r nu m b e r

.
, ,

x c e pt fe m i n i n e s i n — r e t a i n the un i n fl ec te d fo r m o f the
( e e)
si ngul a r e v en w hen the s e ns e i s pl u r a l
,
.
I IO G ER MAN i RA MMA R l§ l l 4

'

bie éBonboné ( pl ) , c a nd y , bie Sli eibe, - n, ro w ; t ur n .

c a nd i es bie Si oiine, — n, r a i si n
—
.
.

bi C f
e on i ne —n c o usi n (f ) , ,
. ber E li otmein, e ,
red

has Q umenfl eib, —er, i

w ne , cl a r e t .

l a d y s d r ess ’
. bie g am n t hi ng m a tt e r
e — , , , ,

bus SDuts n e b —es —

e , , ,
d o z en . a ffa i r .

ber Ginl uu f ,
u
e, pur bie g ebud) tel n b o x (o f ,
-
,

c hase . c a r d bo a r d ,

v g omnterl l eib —er,

f g l i r d y; iein to ha e bus
‘

el e a, , ,

fi ni she d (d o n e) . su m m e r -d r e ss .

bi (Hum n b o ttl e— iomie ll a s, a n d a s o l

C
e e , ,
.
,
as we .

gr u u g r
,
ey . bus i u idyz ntud) , u
er,

bie fil i url m a rk (ab o ut ,

2 4 c ts . ha nd k erc hi e f .

a bé r 932 o r mi ungefii br, ab o ut rly

) n ea
—
. .
. , ,

bus Sili eter, —s, m e tr e . bie fli erl uuferin, nen ,

s a es l
m
bus E ittugseiien, —6 ,
d i nn e r . wo m an .

hué w a iter , —é , pa tt er n , bus QBuurenbuus, -

es, H
er, de
sa m p e l .
p ar tm en tal s o e t r .

bus Buur ,
‘ —e , pa i r . bus g eug, — e s —e st uff
d) , , ,
ma
—s, —e p fen ni g,
Bf
‘
ber enni g,
’
teria l
‘
.
,

rt o f a m a rk) ol l , —e i nc h
berB
1
77 m pa .

ber Sud er —
.
,

bus ‘
Bunb, f —es, —e p o u n d 6 suga r .

—
.
, , ,

bie fli ed mung, en ,

b i ll , ac ul
a g e l gi l as t
,
.

c o unt gun ii d fit n e x t t he n
, , .

I DI O M S : I . (Si inl unfe mad) en, to m a e ur as e s o s k p ch g h ppi g , o n .

2 . 2111 ber di eibe fei n ( an b i e Sli ci he fontmen) , to be one s

’
turn .

A .
.
SBorige i bod n mur
i Gouiine b om Qunbe bei uns uui e ne

fBeiud) g ie font tnt gembbnl i d) 3meimul bee S abr es gut

.

g tubt unt Ginl uufe 3u mad) en fil m fb onnerstug gi ngen lDit

‘

.
,

ul fo aunt gr uben QBuurenbuuie b on S j urtmunn unb © ohn .

fDort l unn mun fuft ull e ©ud nn bel ommen bie mun bruud) t , ,

obne meiter gu geben i en m i i bi QIbteil ung fii r

g u er ft g ng t n e .

Q umenl l eiber D ie Qi erfii uferin gei gte uns ein E lli ufter gu "
.

einem g ommerl l eibe gu E ll i 3 bus filteter ® ie iugte buf; . . .

,
 1 14
] L ES SO N XX X 1 I I

ungefi b r 6 SDi eter buvon uubrei d) en wur ben bu bus SDiufter

,

50 B oll i brei t ei . Ell i eine Goufine mitter bub on bu

fuufte 8 E ,

bi l i m gunudfit l uufte lie and) 6 Z uj d) entii d) er fi tt

'

{ l
'

es 0 g ar .

i hren QSruber unb begubl te 912 bus ZDutsenb . baiti t .

Q unn l uufte iie gtnei lSuur Sj unbl d mbe fli t bie ill i utter
i
© ie .

mur en beibe iebr idi on © ie ei nen mur en gruu bie unbern .

,

mei fg 9i ud) bem bie Gouiine fer ti g mar l unt id) un bie E
. li ei be , .

3 )d b e ftel l te 5 ‘
Bfunb E
li ofine n u n b 1 0 B
‘
funb Su d er gu 25 ,

‘
Bf nn g
e i b u s l unb {omi e ein Q ubenb gl aid un E
i
, li otmein fiir ben
Dnl el i l l s l Dit fer ti g mur en fuuften mit givei © d) ud) tel 231 m
‘
:
.
,

buns fur bie Si inber unb begul) l ten bie E li ed mung © unn fuhr en .

mit mit ber © truf3enbubn gum Sm ittugsefien nud) Spanie .

8 .O r a l : I Wo st e ht d as g ro lSe Wa a renha us v o n H a rt
.

m a n n und So hn ? 2 M a c he n Sie ger n E i n ka ufe d o rt ?

.

3 W esha l b ?
.
4 Wi e o ft ge he n Si e d a h in ?
.
5 Wie fa hr e n .

S ie d a hi n ? 6 W a nn w a r e n Sie z ul e tzt d a ?
.
7 I n w e lc he .

A b t e i l un g gi nge n Sie z u e r st ? 8 Wi e V i e l e M e t e r Z eug b r au c ht

.

m a n fii r ei n So m m e rkl e i d ? 9 Wi e b r e i t ist d i eses Z e ug ? .

10 .Wi e V i e l k o st e n T a sc he n tti c he r d a s D utz e nd ? 1 1 Wi e '

vi e l b ez a hl t m a n fur d r e i Paa r H a nd sc huh e z u M d as ,

.

Pa a r ? 1 2 Wie vi e l k o st e t gut er T ee ? 1 3 Wie vi el P fund

. .

R o s i n e n b r a u c h en w i r ? 14 F ii r w en i st d ie Sc ha c ht e l Bo n
.

b o ns d i e Si e ge k au ft ha b e n ?
,
15 F ii r w e n s i nd d ie b e i d en .

Pa a r H a nd sc hu he ?

C . H a rt ma nn a nd So n ha v e a l a r ge d e pa rt m e nt a l s t o r e
1 . .

Y o u (man) c a n b uy m a n y t hi ngs v e ry c hea p a t H a rt m a nn s

’
2 . .

M y m o t he r go es s ho ppi ng t he r e usually t wic e a w e ek@ We

c a n go t he r e
( b )
b u i n w i t h th e s tr e e t r a il w a y a n d c o m e ho m e -

b e fo r e d i nn e r H ere i h l a d i es d r ess d e pa rt m e n t
’

5 ; ; s t e .

6 P l ease sho w u s se v e r a l patt e r ns fo r a su m m er d r ess

.
7
- . .

The m a t e ri a l m us t b e a b o u t 4 8 i nc hes w i d e 8 I f it is . .

wi d e e n o ugh 7 m etr es w ill suffi c e

, 9 T hi s m ate rial c o st s 4 . .

o p fe nn i s a m e tr e G i v e m e 7 m e tr es o f i t
g 10 . . .

a n d kerc hi e fs i f o u
y pl e ase 1 2 T he y must
, . .
1 1 2 G ER MAN GRA MMA R 1 15

no t b e to o d e a r ; ks a d o z en . 1 3 . ll t a k e
I sha

two d o z en the m uc h a re
(c o st ) t hese gl o v es
m a rk s fo r 2 pa i r s .1 6 Now i t .

is m 1 7 . Se nd m e 2 pou nd s o f tea a nd 3 po un d s
of r ai s i ns 18 H o w m uc h i s
. . the suga r ? 19 T w enty -fi ve .

p fe nn i gs a po und 20 T ha t is to o d ea r 21
. We hav e a l so . . .

suga r a t 2 2 pfe nn i gs 22 T hen se nd m e 1 0 po und s o f i t . . .

2
3 . W e m us t b uy two o r t hr e e b o x es o f c a n d i es fo r m
y li ttl e
si st er s 24. I hav e fi ni she d no w
. 25 So ha v e I I a l so ) . . .

D . L esestuc k : K d nne n Sie mi r d i eses G o l d stii c k w e c hsel n ?

- Wa s fli r e i ne Mun z e ist d as E s ist ei n a m erik a ni sc hes Fii n f
d oll a rstii c k — I c h b ed a u e r e d as m ii sse n Si e z ur Ba n k tr age n
—H ab en Sie d ie Gii te m ir v o rher d en W e rt d es d eut sc hen
. .

G e l d es z u e rkl a ren Se hr ge r n H und ert P fe nni g m a c hen e i ne

. .

M a rk (in Si l be r) und e i ne M ark i st ungefahr so v i e l w ert w ie

,

2 4 C en t s a m er i k an i sc h o d e r wi e e in Shill i ng st erl i ng A ub e r .

d er M a rk gi b t e s fo l gend e Sil b ermii nz en Z we i m a rkstii c ke ,

D rei ma rkstii c ke (o d e r T a l e r) F ii n fma rkstuc ke und F u h f ,

z igpfenn i stii c ke
g W i r hab e n auc h Go ld stti c ke z u j e 1 0 und 2 0
.
‘

M a rk so w i e Pa pi e r gel d i n Sc hei nen E n d l i c h gi b t es N i ck e l

, .

m ti nz en z u 5 un d 1 0 Pfe nn i g so w i e e in pa a r K upfe rm ti nz en vo n
‘

kl einer em Betrage A l so b ek o m m en Si e ungefahr M . fii r .

I hr Go l d stii c k j e na c h d e m K ur se ,
.

L E S S O N XXX I

115 . Th e I mperativ e of baben, iein, merben .

babe (bu) , ha ve ( t ho u) .
iei ( ),
bu b e
( t hou
) .

8" babe '

l l e t him hav e .
“
fil e"
l et him b e .

bube er J , let er,

ba ben mir l e t us ha ve ,
.
i ei en m i t l et us b e
,
.

babt (i br) haV e (Ye) , i (

ei b i b r) b e (,Y e Y OU ) ,

baben ii e l et t hem ha v e
,
.
f ei en ii e l e t t h em b e
,
.

ba ben Ce l e have ( ou
y ) ,
.
f ei en g i e b ( )
e yo u ,
.
1 14 GE R MA N G RA M MA R 1 19

O BSE RV E T he p e r fe ct i nfi n i tiv e i s fo r m ed by prefi xi ng the

:

pa s t pa rt i c i pl e to the p r esen t i n fi ni t i v e .

1 19 . P arti ci pl es .

P resen t .

bub enb ha v i ng , ge l) ub i ha d .
,
.

l e i en b b e i ng , ge m el e n ,
.b e en .

mud) enb m ak i ng ,ge mad) 1, mad e . .

i
l g n en b si ngi n g , ge l g ,
u n e n s ung . .

O BSERV E 1 T he pr esent pa rt i c i pl e o f a l l v e r b s e nds in e11b

.
-
.

2 T he pa s t pa rt i c i p l e o f w e a k v e r bs is fo r m e d b y pre fi xi ng
.

g e t o t h e s t e m a n d a d d i n —
g t ; the pa st pa rt ici pl e o f s tr o ng
v e r b s ha s gc pr efi xed a nd e nd s i n —cn usually a l so w i t h c ha nge ,

o f s t e m v o w el .

N O T ES 1 . B t h th pr . nt d th pa t p rti c i pl es a
o e l use d s ese an e s a re a so a

attri b tiv dju e a s .

2 Fo th f t p s iv p rt
. r e u 296
. as e a .
, see .

1 20 . Om i s s i on of ge F o r ei gn v e rb s i n i eren - an d v e rbs
wit h i nsepa r ab l e pr e fi x es (see 5 1 ) o m it the pr e fi x ge o f the

pa st part i c i pl e

ltubieren , t y
s ud , ltubiert beaubi en, pa y, begubl t
entbed en, d i sc o v e r , entbed t b erge en, fo ge ll r t , oerge en ll
1 21 . P r es ent of l oll eu .

I n di ca ti ve . S
i d)
l oll mit l oll en id) l oll e mir l oll en
bu l oll lt i br l oll t bu l ollelt i l) 1 l oll et
‘

er l oll lie l oll en er l olle lie l oll en

122 . Use of l oll eu .

3 d) l oll ( toir l ol l en) uubgeben . I am to (we a re to )go o ut .

® oll itl) bl ei ben ? Sha l l I ( a m I to ) s t ay ?

‘

fDu fuli li ni d) i ltehl en . T ho u sha lt n o t st e a l .

(5 1 l oll l ommen . H e is to ( sha ll ) c o m e .

O BSE RV E I n the fi r s t pe r so n l ol l en a m to ,
‘ ’
: 1 . etc .
,

t t
s a e m e n s, t a nd in
q u es ti o n s sha ll o r a m to , etc
’ ’ ‘
.
 1 22 ] L ESSON XXX I 1 1
5
‘

2 . I n the o t he r pe r so ns, l oll eu i s e q ui v al en t to an em pha t i c

i m pe r a t i v e sha ll
’
o r a re to ,
’
unl e ss i n t e rr o a t i v e
g .

E XE RC IS E X XX I

Deui l d) , in G e r m a n
uuf S . ber @ ut§, — eb , e, sent e nc e
“
.

uu fmucben ,
to o pen .
lcl) ull en, to r e so und .

oenbig,
aub r b y he a rt .
l Cbbu (a d v) w ell V ery we ll , , .

bub §Bl uml ein, —b , l i ttl e bie g ei te — n page , ,

.

flo wer .
lid) hi m se l f hersel f e tc
, , , .

ber ® id) ter, —b , po e t . ber g onnenltrabl —en , ,

er l auben to p e r m i t, al sunb e a m .

1O W lprieben (l ) li mb gelprollen o
, , ,

Fr ed e r i ck . to spr o u t b ud , .

bie grubl ingbgeit, sp ri ng t i m e -

.
'
b oll e nben to fi ni sh c o mpl e t e
, , .

bub Gi rii n,
—b , gr ee n . vor bei pa st go n e
, , .

b l
er agen, to r e ci t e r ep ea t ,
. oorl elen to r e a d a l o ud
,
.

bie p age — n h e i gh t , ,
. bie i b interquul ha r d w i n t e r ,

l uul en to so u nd run r ea d
, , , . w ea t he r .

l elen l ab gel elen to r e a d

, , ,
. bub flb ort er wo r d
,
fl
,
.

mit ei nem Sil i al a l l a t o n c e ,

. bi e sei l tt —n li ne (o f w r i ti ng)
, ,
.

nennen, nannte, genannt, to bub Bei tmort er v e r b ,

H
,
.

na me .
g l lg
e r li e en (l g l fi 3
e r l o e1 = ,

nod) e nmal , o nc e i m o r e, a ga n i .
fl ollett to m elt (away)
,
.

nun, n o w .
gu a e, a t a n e nd .

bie Si egengei t, r a i ny b li st en
'
-en
, gu oren to .

w ea he t r .
gumud nn,
to cl o se shut , .

A Q inber mad) t bie 2311d) er uul unb l ulgt unb bub (bi ebid n
.
,

aul © ette 1 3 2 l elen ©ugt mi toie bub ( j bid nb i bt

t S e e — b ab
C .
,

Cbebid nbei bt © er%rii bl ing unb ber Q id n

“
er bei bi griebri d)

fil obe nl teb t — Ell i urie l g

an e u n, eb m ir .b or g l
ul e en — 23itte, ,
.

entl d m l bigen CC
Zie mid) gruul ein E Buuer i d) bin et l ii l tet , , .

(Sl ut, mei n fl inb ; al l o l ange bu an fi l aru — C € rl auben é ia , .

mit eb ber; ulagen ; id) babe eb aub menbig gel ernt

, , .

bor t aulmerl lam 3a fi inber

'

, .
1 1 6 GE R MA N GR AM MA R [5 1 22

SlBenn ber %r ubl i ng aul

r ge lteigt bie S e

unb itn g onnenltrubl ber ©d)uce 3crll iebt,

QBenn bub er lte (Sj run um SBaunt lid) gei gt
ll nb int (b r ub bub er lte Qi l iiml ein lpriel3t ,

flb enn oorbei int Eul nun mit ei nem fil i al

bl ll e Si egengeit unb flb interquul ,
ben Sj bbn bib 3a m i al e med
’
6 d) ull t eb b on

9 mie munberl d) on i lt bie {srii bl ingbgeit l

< '

Dub
C b l ebt gu
a t b
lt bu
er ge l ug t m ei n fi in b S eb t l oll t , .

ibr bie QSud nr wi eber aul nt ad) en. iGelt nod) ei nmal 3 eil e
‘

5 unb 6 s i
p ler. e b l t e t w ab n i d) t tou bt ? Sli u bo l l n enn e, m ir ,

bub l ebl enbe E lb ort — f©ub Beitmort li a b l ebl t gruul ein

.
“
,, ,

—
'

EB u n
a e Giung rid) tig rnein fl ange ; 1t troll enbe ben (b ut;
,

Q er b oll enbete Q uiz, murbe l uuten : QBenn ull e Si egengeit

‘
" ,

Z tunbe i lt an a e ;
“
a l to b orbei linb
, li un Si inber ; bie G
E .
,

— m
i br l oll t j bt n d) S
e a j a ul e ge ben 2 3
. 1 e rg ab l en @ i e u nb er lt .
,

ein Sil i i rd nn aul S Deutl d) ?sruul ein E Buuer — 3 et§t babe i d)

,

i eine Bei t uber mor gen mi l l i d) bub ger n tun bu ibr l o ar ti g

, ,

gemelen l ei b .

B C o n ti nu e the fo ll o w i n g : 1 3 d) l oll beute mor gen ein

. .

®ebid) t berlugen bu 2C 2
, C oll id) bub (Siebid u b ot . . :

l alen ober berlagen ? 3 S r l agte id) l ol le nid) t l o oiel Bdr m

.
,

mad) en er lagte bu
, 4 3 d) babe 3u b i el l ii r bub
,
.

2i nd) begubl t 5 3 d) babe (butte) ll ei lgig ltubiert

. . .

C O ra l : 1 So ll en w ir d i e Bi i c he r n i c ht j e tzt a u fm a c he n ?
. .

2 . Wer ha t d i eses sc h0 ne G ed i c ht ge sc hr i eb en ? 3 Wie ne nn t .

m a n ei ne n d e r G e d i c ht e s c hr e i b t ? 4
,
Wer so ll z ue r st l es en ? .

5 Wer so ll d a s G ed ic ht he r sa ge n ? 6 8 0 11 M a r i e j e tz t a n
'

. .

fa nge n o d e r R u d o l f ?
, 7 So ll e n w ir d ie Buc he r w i e d e r au f
.

m a c hen ? 8 We r ha t d ie T li r a u fge m a c ht ? 9 Wer so ll sie

. .

w i e d e r z u ma c h e n ? 10 Wer w ill d ie F enst e r z um a c hen ?

.

1 1 . Was sa gt d er L e hr e r w en n d ie St un d e z u E n d e ist ? ,

12 .W o hi n so ll e n w ir j etzt gehen ?
 GE R MA N G RA M MA R

W i t a tiv e = o n u po n ad a c e n t to
( ) a h d ( j ) at , ,

iDub 523il b bli ngi an ber fib unb T he p i ct ur e ha ngs o n the w a ll ‘

. .

S d) line am z ild fi I a m s i tt i ng a t the t a b l e

. .

(2) Wi t h a cc usa t i v e o n, to (t o w a r d s)
Gr bungt bub 23il b an bie H e ha ngs the pi ct ur e on the

QBanb . wa ll .

Gr gebt unb igenlter H e go es to the w i n d o w

‘
. .

2 . Of ti me a nd d a t e , wi t h d a t i v e o nl y = o n, u po n, in

91m SBornt ittug (alli eub) . I n the fo r e n o o n ( v e n i ng)

e .

bl nt 3meiten S ul i . O n the c
se o nd o f J uly .

1 26 .
s
ll u l, o n, u po n, to , fo r .

1 .
(s ur fa c e ho r i z o n t a l)
P l ac e

Wi t a t i v e é o n upo n o n to p o f
( ) h d
‘

a , ,

Dub E
C Bud) i lt aul bem Ei ld w T he b o o k is the table
'

. on .

(5 ) W i t h a cc usa t i v e o n, to

Segen (b ie bub uul ben Ei ld) . L a y t ha t on the t a bl e .

C
i r
g bt ul b n SJ E
u l ti
’
W ‘

H e is go i ng to the i n a rketgl e
": A

é
e a e r r s

{
2 . O f fut ur e t i me ,
w i t h a cc usa tiv e on ly fo r

mt uuf gl oei I uge . H e i s co m i ng fo r two d a y s

'

13 . aul a cc .
‘
e xc e p t ,
’ ‘
b ut ’
: C
ir a ls ull e l lel bi b au l
i
e nen, He a te a ll the a pp es l b ut o ne .
’

fgi nter, b ehi n d

. .

Yb er Sj uub l i egt binter bent T he d o g l i es b ehi nd the s o t ve .

G l en .

61? l t iecbt binter ben S l eu He cr eeps b e hi nd the s o t ve .

4
.

1 28 .
S n, in i n t o ,
.

1 . O f pl a c e, w i t h d a tive = in wi th a c c u sa tiv e = i nt0

[Er ar bei tet ilu (b ar ren . H e w o rk s i n the ga r d en .

(Sr gebt iub Simmer . H e g o es i n t o the r o o m .

 132 ] L E SSO N XXX I I 1 1 9

2 . Of ti m e i t h d a t i v e o nly
,
w in

(Sr tat eb in ei ner g ta ube . H e d id it in an ho ur .

1 29 . i eben, b es i d e, b y,
S' n ea r .

C
ir ltebt neben bent I i l dn . He t
s an d s b e s i d e the t ab l e
Es tell e eb neben bi e z ur . Put it by (n e a r) the doo r .

1 30 . li tter ,
o ve r ,
ac r o ss ,
o f, a b o u t ,
c o nc e n ng r i .

1 . O f pl a c e , w it h d a t i v e o v e r ( a b o v e) w i t h a cc usa tiv e
o v e r (ac r o ss) .

© ie Qb ol l e bungt ube r bern T he cl o ud ha ngs o ve r the h ill .

S er ge .

© ie 231 ucl e fubrt

‘

ube r ben T h e b r i d ge l ea d s a cr o ss the

fi lufi . riv er .

2 . Of ex c e ss ,
w i t h acc usa tiv e on ly v er o

D ub foltet ii ber ei nen E ul er T ha t c o st s o v e r d o ll a r

”
. a .

”
w ,

3 . Wi t h a c c us a tiv e o nly o f, a b o u t c o n c e r n i ng
,

(if r r ebete ttber lei ne bi etle . He s po k e o f hi s j o ur n e y .

13 1 . lI nter, u nd e r ,
am o n
g .

1 . O f pl a c e , wi t h d a tiv e ,
or a c c usa t iv e und e r (be n e a t h ,

b e l o w)

b ie l d) 1ou1 3e Rube tour unter

T T he b l a ck c at w a s un d e r the

bem I ild w . t a bl e .

©ie tr od) unter ben SZil d) . She c r e pt un d e r the tab l e .

2 . Of nu m b e r ,
it
w h da tiv e or a cc usa tiv e a m o ng

D er gruul ame
’
wol f i lt unter T he cr ue l wo lf is a m o ng the

ben g d ml en . she e p .

£551 i lt unter bie (fi bl

u a e
g gan= H e w ent a m o n g the s he e p .

gen

1 32 . Eur, b e fo r e, in fro n t o f, a go .

1 . O f pl a c e , w i t h d a tiv e o r a c c u sa tiv e b e fo r e, i n fro nt of

1 20 G ER MAN GR AM MA R l§ I 33

fib er g tubl ltebt oor ber Eur . T he c ha i r st and s b efo r e th e

doo r .

©tell e ibn b ot bie Eur . P ut i t i n fr o n t o f the d o o r .

2 . Of o rd e r ,
wi h d at tiv e on ly b e fo r e ) ( a hea d o f

(ti le l ommen nor mir . Y o u c o m e b e fo r e ( pr ec e d e) m e .

3 . Of time ,
w i th d a ti v e on ly b e fo r e , ago

(S r l omnt t oor nud) lter ib od n . He c o m es b efo re n ex t w ee k .

Gr l am b or 31oei Eugen an . He a rri v e d two d ay s a go .

1 33 .
3 mil 1ben b et w een , .

fib er @ tubl li ebt 31oi ld) en ber T he c ha i r st and s b e t we en the

Eur unb bent fi enlter . d o o r a nd the w i nd o w .

S tell en ® ie i bn 3mi ld) en bie P ut i t b e t w e en the d o o r a nd

I iir unb bub genli er . the w i nd o w .

1 34 . Du w i t h
‘
t hese pr eposi ti o ns r epl ac es pr o nouns
a ll use d

fo r i na ni ma t e o bj ec t s ( c o m pa r e

X E R C IS E X XX II E

—
bub Qi nbenl en b m e m o ry ,
r o yal,
. .

ber bl ub l unber — b fo r bie Qinbe — , n l i nd en, , ,

.

e i gne r ber i811ltgarten b pl easur e

- a
'

.
, , ,

bie S aul e b enc h ga r d en p a rk

m . .
, , ,

bie QSrii d e — n b r i d ge , bie Sili itte m i d d l e c e ntre

,
.
, ,
.

ei ni ge a fe w se v e r a l
, , bub Sli utionu l fb enl mul
'
.
—b c
, ,

ber (i intoobner —b i nhab or — e N a t i o na l M o nu

”
61 , , , , ,

i ta n t . m e nt .

fubren to l ead oltlid) e a st e r n

.

—
.
, ,

ber $ul3gi nger — b p e d es bu b St d)

e i , , e e mpi r e , ,
.

tr i an .
bie —11 sen t ry ,
.

bie ©auptltubt e c a pi ta l bub ©d) l ol3 —

,
”
,eb er c a stle .
, ,
u
, ,

bie ©auptltrufie — n ma i n pa l a c e , ,
.

s tr ee t . bie ( i chl olzl rei beit Pr ec i nct s o f f

,

ber Rai ler -b e m pe r o r

,
the Pa l a c e
,
. .
1 22 GER MA N GR AM MA R 1 34

10 . Si n d Si e gest e r n a n d e r U niv e rsitéit v o r b e i ge ga nge n ?

1 1 . Wi e v i el e St ud e nt en ha t d ie U niversitéi t ? 1 2 S t ud i e r e n .

au ch A usl éi nd er a uf d er U ni v ersitéi t ? 1 3 . Z u m A n d e nk e n an

w e n i st d as N a tio nal -D en m a ? k l 14 W0 st eht

. es ? 0
1
5 . W o hi n
fti hrt d i ese sc hd ne Br uck e ? 1 6 . W0 li eg t d er Lu st ga rt en ?

C I w as t
s a n d ngi b e t wee n m y two ( beibe) fr i e nd s
'

. .

H e d id t ha t e xerci se a m o n t h ago 3 Put ( ltell en) m y . .

c ha i r in D o n t put y o u r h a nd s i nt o y o ur
fr o n t o f the d o o r
’

p o ck e t s 5 L e t u s p
. ut t.he l e tt e r u n d er the d o o r .

6 We c an se e cl o ud s a b o v e the hill s
.
7 T he y w en t p as t m e . .

o n the s tr e e t 8 L e t the c o a c hm a n d r i v e b e h i n d the pa l a c e

. . .

9 L et us go to the m a rk e t
. 10 T he y w ill c o m e i n the e v e n . .

ing .1 1 We a re si tt i ng a t the t a b l e
. .

D . I . I spe n l a st yea r @ I w a s
t six m o n t hs in Be rl i n r

s t ud y i ng a t the U n i v e r s i ty .
3 A cc o r d ingly I k no w t hi s c i ty . .

v e ry we ll 4 I t is si t ua t ed o n the Spr e e 5 T he Spr ee fl o ws

. . . .

( fl iefzt) i nt o the H a v e 6 T he m a i n str ee t o f Berli n i s c a ll e d .

U n t e r d en L i n d e n i s c el eb r a t e d a mo ng the s tr ee t s o f
gr ea t c a pi t al s 8 al p a l a c e i s a t the ea st e r n e nd o f the
. .

stree t 9 A t the w e s t e r n e nd st a nd s the Br a n d e nb ur g G a t e

. . .

iQ ll -
us ed to go p a s t the pa l a c e e v e ry d a y o n the w a y to th e

uT tiv ersi ty 1 1 A m o ng the c el eb r a t e d b u il d i ngs i n t hi s str ee t

. .

i s the Be rli n U n i v e r si ty 1 2 T he U ni v e r si ty has n o w m o r e. .

t ha n 9 0 0 0 s t ud e n t s 1 3 A m o ng t hese are sev era l hun d r ed . .

w o m en 14 I n the m i d d l e o f the str ee t [ t he r e ] a re fo u r

. .

r o w s o f l i n d ens 1 5 O ne c a n sit o n the b enc hes un d er t hese

. .

tr ee s 1 6 T he m i d d l e o f the stre e t i s o n ly fo r
. .

1 7 . A fi n e pa rk i s si t ua t e d i n fr o nt o f the r o y a l p al a c e
t w een the pal a c e a nd a n a r m o f a m o nu m e n t

i n m e m o ry o f the fi r s t G er m a n E m pe r o r ro m the pa l a c e .

yo u (man) go o v e r a b r i d ge w hi c h l ea d s i 0 th e m a i n str ee t
“

E . Qeleltud
Z reue Qi ebe bib gum O rabe
©d) 1obr i d) bir mi t sperg unb g unb,
’
 1 36
] L ESSO N x xx 1 1 1 1 23

i b ab i d) bin unb mub i d) babe

{Dunl i d) bir, rnein S aterl anb !
’

S fi bot ten nur unb bi eber n

l i id) t in
‘

S lt rnein ti er s gum Q unl ber ei t ;

93211 ber St a t mi ll i d) b ermibern
’

33 11 in Si ot, in Rampl unb S tr ei t

”
.

S n ber Sreube mie int bei be , ,

li ul id) b Sreunb unb Seinben 3a

’ ’
S
Gra i g linb b ereint mit beibe
l l nb rnein Z rolt rnein (Sind bi lt bu , .

ll
l po ntuntt non
.
Sall erbl eben .

L E S S O N XXX I I I

Be fo r e t yi
s ud thi d the f ll w i g l
ng s an s o vi w are fully
o n e ss o n , re e c

th e v erb
pa r d i gm
a s o f pr i le v o us d r m e m b r th t th
e s s o n s, a n mp u d
e e a e co o n

t e n s es o f a ll v rb r
e s a e f rm ed w ith e it h r baben
o
fei l t
e 62 ) a a ux ili ryor s a .

mud) en l abel 11
reb en li ng en
O BS ERV E : T he t
s em o f a v er b i s w ha t i s l e ft w hen the e nd
i ng —
en o r —
n i s d r o ppe d fr o m the i n fi ni ti v e .

P ri n ci pal P art s .

I nfi n .

W ea k V e rb mad) en mad) te 9 ° mad) t

Str o ng V e r b : li ngen l ung gelung en

O BSERV E : Fr o m the pri nc i pal pa rt s m ay b e i nfe rr e d the

v a ri o us fo r m s of the s t e m , w hic h is r egul a rly c ha ngea b l e o nly i n

str o ng v e r b s .
1 24 GE R MA N GR A M MA R 1 37

1 37 . S peci a l Form s of W ea k V erbs .

1 . Reben,
E spe a k ’
r eben r ebete, , gerebet .

P r esen t I ml z ea ti ve
'

i d) r ebe toi r r eben

bu rebelt i br r ebet
er r ebet lie r eben
O BSERV E : V er b t
s e ms e nd ng
( r eben ar beiten) i in —
b ,
-t eg . .

o r i n a ny c o m b i na t i o n o f c o n so na n t s a ft e r w h ic h —
, ,

t or —lt c a n
n o t b e pr o no un c e d sag ui tuen red) tten
( ) r e t a i n c o f the end i ng
.
, ,

t hro ugho ut .

t abel n, b l a m e tubel n tubel te, getubel t

‘ ’
2 .
, .

éBeiounbern ad mi re beiounbern, betvunberte, be

‘ ’
: ,

tounbert .

P 1 esem I nd ira l i ve
‘
.

id) tabl e ivir tabel a

bu l abel li i br tubel t
er l abel t lie tubel n
P r esen t I n d i ca ti ve .

id) betounbere loir betounbern

bu bemunberlt ibr bemunbert
er betounbert lie bemunbern
O BSERV E t : in —
V erbel d ro p e o f th e s t em i n the fi r st
s e ms

s i ngul a r pr ese n t i n d i c a t i v e a nd i n the se c o nd a nd t hi r d si ngu,

la r i mpe ra t i v e v er b st e m s i n — el a nd —er d r o p e o f the e nd i ng

— ell.

N O T E —St em s i n —
. el d ro p e o f the st e m i n th e pr es subj . .

i d a nc e ; t ei en, l tr a v e l
‘ ’ ‘ ’
3 . ungen, .

P r es I n d i e
. . bu tunselt, bu rei e l lt .

O BS ERV E : V e rb t
s e ms in i bi l an t (b l d) l) g 3) i nsert 8 in
a s , , , ,

i
the e nd ng o f the se o n d c s i ngul a r b u t t hese fo r m s are u sua lly
,

k en t w r i tt e n t ei
a n d o f en bu tuugt, bu
ji, zc
‘

spo .
1 26 GER MA N GR AM MA R 1 38

l ad) el n, to s m i l e . ber S tr umpf. —eb, “

e, s o t ck i ng .

bie maj lti t,

e
'
— en, m aj es ty . tubel n, to b l a m e .

r eben, to spea k , t alk . bie Er une, —n, t ea r .

l ei ben ,
si lk e n (o f s i lk
'
) , . b erbrennen to b ur n ( fr )
, .

S i gnor a, m a d a m . toegen ( gen ) 0 11 a cc o unt o f

, .

ltrid en,
to k ni t . megnebmen to t a k e a w ay , .

I D IO M : iIb ab i lt aub i bm gemorb en Wh at ha s b e c o m e of hi m ?

A . fb ie fi bnigin
S
'

S ta l i en i ll toege el ena oon

n i brer 53 61?

genbgii te ii berall bel unnt (b ie benft i mmer an bie bl rmen unb .

l l ngl ii d l i d nn S ebermann betounbert bi ele l onigl id) e Sr au

'‘

. .

Gineb i ugeb mad) te S bre E lli uieltti t ei nen S pugi ergang i nt

Bur l fb ort begegnete i br ein l l eineb E ll i ubd nn b i c Rbnigin
‘
. S .

begrii lgte bub E

ll i ubd nn l reunbl id) unb f Qb ab l itr S anb:
' '

ra gte : ,,

r bei t l unnlt bu mad) en S d) l unn g triimbl e ltrid en er

’
“
a ,

roiberte bie S i l eine Rennlt bu mid) fi l eiite .

fr agte bie , .

“ fi
Rbnigin [ ud) el nb ©e1oi l3 S noru i d) babe S ie lol ort er
.
, ,

l unnt; S i c linb bie Rbni gin Q ie fi onigin lugte bie Ri eine

'
‘
.
,

l oll e i br ein Buur S trumple ltrid en unb lie uul b © d) l ol;

‘
'

br ingen Sl i ud) eini gen Eugen wur ben i br bie S trumbl e ge

.
s

br ad) t fDi/e Roni gin bad) te bem Q inbe ei ne grolge Sreube 3u

.
,

mad) en unb lunbte i bm ein il i uar leibene l orni e ei nen

58 1 iel Q er ei ne baoon tour mit S onbonb gel ii ll t ber anbere
.

entbiel t mebrere ©el blti1d e ib en nud) lten I ag brad) te bub

'

Sl i ubd) en l ol genben Qi riel uulb S dflolt z S bre ©ube S ignoru ,, , ,

but mid) b i el e i runen gel oltet © ub ©e but mei n S at/r .

eingelted t ; bie S onbonb b ut m ei n 23r uber ge g e ll e n ; b ie

S trumpl e but mei ne E ll iutter mir weggenommen unb ben SBriel

but man oerbrunnt bl l l o l unn man leben bub gute bl bli d nen
“
.
,

a i d) t i mmer erl ii ll t wer ben .

B C o n t i n ue : 1
.
S ) d ta bl e ben S gun en m.ei l er b i e 5 8 0 11 ,

bonb gegellen but bu 2c 2

S d) betounbere bie S ergenb
, ,
. .

gitte ber Rbnigin 3 E ll i ein Dnl el fr agt ob i d) gern t ei le,

. .
,
 1 38 ] L E SS O N x xx m 1 27

ob 3 d) r ebe vi el b oa mei ner SReife bu

bu, zc
.
4 .
,

b un beiuer z e 5 3 d) erfuuute bub fi iub fogl eid)

,
. . 6 3 d) .

fuubte ei nen 23ri ef uufb g m

.

l ofg .

C O ra l : 1 Wa s w i r d hi e r v o n gu t en A b s i c ht en gesagt ?
. .

2 . Be w un d e r n Sie d ie g ut e K o n i gi n ? 3 W i e h e i B t s i e ? .

4 . Wa r u m is t sic b e k a nn t ? 5 K a nn t e I hr e M aj estéit d a s .

kl e i ne M ad c he n ? 6 Wet str i ckt e d ie Strumpfe ? 7 Wa s ta t . .

e s na c hhe r ? 8 W e sha l b sa nd t e I hr e Maj e stat d e m M ad c he n

.

d ie Strii m pfe ? 9 W o hi n w ur d e d e r Br i e f ge b r a c ht ?
. 1 0 . Wa s

st a n d d a r i n ge s c hr i e b e n ? I I W e sha l b t a d el n Sie d en V a t e r ? .

1 2 . W eshal b t a d elt e d as K i nd se i ne n Br ud er ? I 3 Was w a r d .

a us d en Bo n b o ns ? 14 Wa s w ar d a us d e m Br i e fe ? .

D 1 I a m a po o r I t a li a n gi rl
. . 2 O n e d ay I was t a k i ng a . .

w a lk i n the pa rk m e t a b ea u ti ful l a d y who g r ee t e d

.

me 4 I reco g
. . a t o nc e
5 E v e ry b o d y k no ws ( the) . .

Q u ee n H e l en a 6 H e r k i n d
. li n ess i s [.w e ll -
k no wn i n I t a ly ,

a s a l so i n o t he r c o un tri es a sk e d m e if I k n e w he r. .

8 . She ask e d y fat he r a nd m o t he r l i v e d .

“
Fi a lly sh e ai d s m il i n g : C a n yo u k ni t s t o cki n gs ?
”
9 . n s ,

C e rt a i nly s i gn o r a I o ft e n k n i t st o cki ngs

“
ro .
, ,
1 1 T h en . .

s he b o w ed to m e a nd w e n t on ( wei ter ) 1 2 I k n i tt ed he r . .

a pa i r o f s t o cki ngs a t o nc e a nd se n t t he m to he r , n ex t .

d a y a se rva n t o f the q u e e n b r o ught st o cki ngs ,

w h ic h she ha d se n t m e 14 H e a lso b r o ught m e c a nd i es a nd

. .

s e v e r a l pi e c es o f m o n e y 1 5 T he q ue en t ho ught I sho ul d b e
. .

ppv 1 6 But go o d i n t e n ti o ns a re n o t a l wa y s ful fi ll ed

. . .

l e tt e r w as b ur nt an d the c and i es w e r e ea t en by m y ,

M y fa t he r po ck e t ed the m o n ey a nd the sto ck i ngs ,

w e r e s o l d b y m y m o t he r .

E L e sestuc k : A l s C ha rl e s L a m b im “
I nd i a-H o use wa r
“

.
,

s a t e e in V o r ge se tzt e r e i n es M o r ge n s z u i hm : H rr
“
e L amb
g ,

i c h hab e b e merkt d a is Sie j e d e n M o r ge n se hr spa t i ns Bur e au

,

k o m m en “
D a s geb e i c h z u
.
”
e r w i d e rt e d e r D ic ht e r
“
ver ,
”
,

ge sse n Sie a b e r n i c ht d a fs ic h j e d e n N a c hm i tt ag sehr frij h ,

fo rt gehe
”
.
 G ER M AN GR AM MA R

L E SSO N XXX I V
Decl ens i on of P ers ona l P ronouns .

FIRST PERSO N . SECO N D PE RSO N .

1V . id) , I .
bu, t ho u .

G . meiner o f m e ,
. beiuer, o f t he e .

D . mit (to fo r) m e , , .
( to fo r) t hee
bit , , .

A . mid) , m e . bid) t hee ,

.

mit w e ,
. i br, ye, yo u .

G . ua fer o f u s ,
. eue r yo u ,
of .

D . unb ( to fo r) , ,
us . curl) , ( to , fo r) yo u .

A . uub, us . cud) , yo u .

T H IRD PERSON .

M as c . Fe m . N eut .

N . cl
‘

,
he .
fie she ,
. eb, it .

G .
f r
eineo f hi m ,
. ihr er o f her ,
.
f ei ne r o f i ts ,
.

D . i bm (to fo r) hi m , , . ibr (to fo r) her

, ,
. i bm ( to fo r) i t
, , .

A . i bn hi m ,
.
fi e her,
. 66 i t
,
.

t hey IV .
fi e, .

G i hr er o f t he m .
,
.

D i bnen ( to fo r) t he m .
, , .

A fie t he m .
, .

No T Es —x I n po eti c a l a n d arc h i c l a ngua g

. . th f ll w i ng fo rm s f a e, e o o o

the g en itive are fo un d rnei n bei n iei n i br unirer eur er : , , , , , .

2 T he g e n
. n d da t o f the 3 d i ng n ut d n t o c ur c pt w hen
. a . r s . e . o o c , ex e

r ferri ng t per ns ( cg
e o so .

A3 Deficit ( g n f bub ) r pl
.
t
the n ut g e n iei ncr r f rri g t
e . o e a c es e . .
, e e n o

t hi ngs 3 eri uu r mi
: ui t I d n t r m e mb r it ,
‘
o
’
e e .
’

4 Fo r the ue f bu b e f re pr p
. i nst e d o f pers pro ns f 3 d per
s o o e s. a . . o r s

se e

1 40 . A gr eement T he p r on o un s o f the t hi r d si ngul ar m us t

.

r
a g ee i n gen d er a nd nu m b e r w i t h the n o uns to whi c h t h ey r e fe r .

NO TE .
grfil tl ein ,
y o u ng l dy re qu ires the fern pr
a ,
’
. on.
fi e ( as a lso the
fe rn .
1 30 GE R MAN GR A MMA R i 43

1 43 . I d i om ati c U s es of eé . 1 . (Sb i s t
o f en pl a c e d b e fo r e
a v e r b (espec i ally iein) to r epr esent the r ea l subj e ct , w hi c h

fo ll o ws the v e r b a n d w i t h w h i c h the v e r b a gr ee s ; t hus

, us e d

i t fr eq ue ntly t he r e ‘ ’

2338 1? i ft eb ?
68 i ii bie S aute . Who is it ? I t is a un t .

GB mur en mei ne SBettern . I t w a s m y c o u si ns .

(Tb l eucbteu bie g terue . T he s t a r s a re shi n i ng .

636 i ft eiu 230 96l im Si i fig . T he r e i s a b i r d i n the c a ge .

66 l i egen Qfi i cbel bi er T he r e b o o k s ly i n g he r e
‘

. a re .

2 W he n e v e r i n d e fi n i t e ex i s t e nc e i s to b e e xp r essed o r when
.
,

the a sse rt i o n i s ge ne r al t he r e i s t her e w e r e e tc m ust b e

‘ ’ ‘ ’
,
.
, , ,

r en d er ed b y eb gi bt eb gab 2c a n d the E ngli sh subj ect b e

, ,
.
,

c om es the d i r e ct O bj ect (a m ) i n G e r ma n :
66 gi bt ei ni ge Qi bgel , bi e nid) t T he r e a re so me b i r d s w hi c h

fingeu . do i n o t S ng .

fiegteb S abr gab 66 b i el e T he r e w e r e a g r e a t m a n y

fBirneu .
p e a r s l a s t y ea r .

(5 6 gi bt nut ei nen Gi oetlw . T he r e i s o nly o n e G o e t he .

3 Wi t h iein to b e w he n the r eal

.
, ,
’
s ub ej ct is pe r so n a l pro
a

n o un the E ngli s h o r d e r is i n v e rt e d
, ,
a nd the v e r b agr e es wi t h
the r e al subj e ct

3 d) bin eb ; bu bi ft eb , te . I t i s I ; i t i s yo u, e tc .

(CZ iub (tri te eb ? I s i t yo u ?

4 . Aft er a verb ,
eb O f e n t r epr e se n t s a pr e d i c a t e or cl ause ,

c o rr espo n d s to the E ngl sh i ’ ’

a nd
‘
O n e, or SO

Si t er fi r st ? I s he a d o ct o r ?

S u, er i ft eb . Y es, he i s ( o n e) .

m
23 bu fi ei ? S d) bin 65
‘

. A re yo u fre e ? I a m ( ) so .

QBir woll en fommeu unb i br We i ll c o m e

w ,
a nd yo u s ha ll
foll i 83 uud) .
( d o so
) t oo .
 1 43 ] L ES SO N XXX I V 1 31

E X E R C I S E XXX I V .

a ll erbi ugb , c e rt a i nly i n d ee d

'
h e r e i n ! c o me i n ! ,
.

bebil fl id) he l pful o f a ss i s t an c e iebel geit a l wa y s

‘

. .
, , ,

b r E
e B uf
er — e c a ll i ng
,
fl opfeu to k no ck , , ,
.

p r o fe s s i o n n b t
. i g n ec e ssa ry n ee d fu l , , .

bi tten but gebeten to b eg ber Stat

, ,
a d vic e, , ,
.

ask . r uten r i et ger aten to a d v i se , , ,

.

bani bur t h a n k fu l b e r ll f n
in t u b
.
— eb e cir ,
u ‘

, , ,

benn (w i th ) t he n ,
c u m sta n c e . .

errnbgl id w n to m ak e p o ss i b l e b erbi enen to e ar n

,
.
,
.

bie gfibigfeit —eu c a pa ci ty b ul siel) en to p r e fe r

‘

.
,
.
, ,

fr eu e n t o gl a d d e n ;
, 6 b fl eut l ni b l en to c ho o se sel e ct
‘

, ,
.

mid) I a m gl a d , bub gutruuen —b tr ust c o n .

, , ,

ge b en f en ( g em
) t o b e m i nd ful o f fi d e nc e,
. .

I D IO M S 1 QBi e gebt eb S buca

: . H w y u? o a re o

2 3 )d b i n i nii b e 8 )(
.d b i n e b ) an d ) I m tir e d — S am I .
,
a . O .

fl obft; erein ! éBi j t bu Si b ?

A . Bebt et . 6b b eb , b et t
Si obert i d) bin eb g err Sebrer
.
Su , 53 (Eb fr eut mi d) , bi d) , . .

m
‘

g i b ,
u e en Si ob e rt ; m ub gi bt e b benn ? S
R d
3 ) ol l te © i e bi t= .

ten, i ni r ei nen guten S li at gu geben (Sb i jt babe Bei t, bub i d) .

ei nen S Beruf tni bl e, benn i d) bin j d) 0 n j erbgebn S abre al t .

2 QBuruni gl aubjt bu benn, bub id) bi t in bieier g a e r aten m

‘

funn ? R 6b i it nieni anb, ber i neine uni ftunbe unb mei ne

E
'

{yubigi eiten lo gut fennt, tnie © ie 2 (Eb fr eut mid) bub bu

c
.
.
,

i l Bel d en 23eru lb ii rbe t bu b or=

j u b e s ut ru u en 3u n i ir b it
a Q ) f f .

i
g be en ? E
R .

uber eb febl en i nn Dub i jt ull erbingb

”
2 .

ein i ojtj piel igeb g tubiuin uber anbet e iinb eb uud) =

© 3eu t u , .

tuge gi bt eb uber b i el e (Si el egenbei ten bub nbtige (9 e an b er

‘

bi enen Ji Dub i b in be eb Il l il b iell eid) t ermbgl icben fi r st an

‘

‘ ‘ ‘ ‘

. .
,

wer ben ; id) ba be eb ni ir l ange getuii nicbt 2 C Erbbn ; eb mi r b . .

C

mid) j ebergeit fr euen bir in bieier Q ud)e bebi l fl id) gu iein , .

in 3 d) bin S bnen febr buni bur baiti t bub ® te mei ner in

.
,

freunbl id) gebenten .

132 G E R M A N G RA MM A R 14 1

B . O ra l : r Wer w ar d a ? 3 Wa r
. H at ge kl o pft ?
es 2 . .

e s R o b ert O d e r s e i n Br ud er
s c hw e r e i ne n Be r u f z u 4 I s t es .
,

w ahl e n ? 5 W a s sag t e R o b e rt d a rii b e r ?

. 6 Fr e u t e e s d e n .

L e hr e r se i ne m Sc hii l er z u hel fe n
, 7 W i rd d er L e hr e r i m m e r .

d i e s es J u nge n ge d e nk e n ? 8 I st Ro b ert s V a t e r A rzt ? .

9 Will st d u a u c h A rzt w er d en ?
. 10 F e hl en d ir d ie Mi tt e l .

dazu ? rr Wi r d es Ro b e rt mOglic h sei n A rzt z u wer d en ?

.
,

1 2 . W o ll en Sic m ir e i nen gu t en Ra t geb e n

C . 1 . T he r e i s a boo k ly i ng on the table . 2 . T he r e a re s ix

c ha i rs in t hi s r o o m .
3 . How a re
yo u to -d a y, d ea r fri e nd s ?
1. H ow a re yo u tol wa y s gl a d to see
-
d a y, Mr . A ue ? 5 . I am a

yo u 6 I a m u nha ppy ; S O a m I ; so a re w e
. .
7 We p r a i s e . .

T hee O G o d T ho u a rt a l wa y s m i n d ful
,
Wa s i t yo u ,

d ea r aun t ? I d i d n t t hi nk i t w a s yo u li ttl e b i r d s
’
.
,

s i ng 10 .DO yo u hea r m e d o g ?
. I I I s M r A ue v e ry c e l e ,
. .

b ra ted ? H e is T he r e a re a l wa y s e no ugh d o ct o r s b u t
.
,

t her e a re n ev e r eno ugh go o d o n es .

D . t ea c her M r A ue w as Si t t i ng a t the t a b l e
Ro b e rt
’
s , .
,
.

2. T he r e wa s a k no ck [ a t the d o o r ] 3
“
Who i s t her e ? . .

“
C o me in s a i d he X I t wa s o n e o f hi s pu pil s I
”
,
.
5 . . .

a m gl a d to see yo u m y b o y ; w ha t c a n I d o fo r yo u ?
”
,

6.
“
Y o u c a n per ha ps g iv e m e (a) go o d a d vi c e M r A ue \ I ,
. .

m us t c ho o s e a pr o fe ssi o n i t is hi gh ti m e n o w fo r I a m o v e r ,

s i x t ee n y e a r s o l d 8 M r A a sk e d hi m w ha t pr o fessi o n he
”
. . .

pr efe rr e d I pr efe r the st ud y o f m ed i ci ne

. r epl i ed the ,
‘

b oy “
but ha v e n t the m ea ns “
I t i s a n e xpe nsi v e
’

,
I O . .

s t ud y to b e s ur e b ut so a re o t he r s
,
But t he r e a re m a n y
,
.

o p po rt uni t i es to ea r n m o n e y n o w a d a y s r2 Pe r ha ps i t w ill . .

b e po ss i b l e r epli e d Ro b ert 1 3
,
” “
M y fa t he r w as a d o ct o r . .
,

a nd I m ea n to b e c o m e o n e a l s o if I c a n 14 I t is a no b l e , . .

c all i ng .H is t e a c he r sai d he w o ul d he l p hi m
”
.

E . L e sestuc k : Ei n P fa rr er i n Sc ho ttl a nd fi e l i
e n es A b en d s
in t i e fes L o c h und ri e f u rn H i l fe
e in . E in v o r be i ge he nd e r
A r b e it e r hort e ihn r u fen u nd fr a g t e w e r ,
es S ei D er Pfa rr e r
.
( 34 GER MA N GR AM MA R 1 46

O BSERV E M a ny s tr o ng v e rb s c hange sho rt e o f the in

: 1 .

fi ni ti v e st e m v o w el to i a n d l on g e to i r i n the se c o nd a n d
, ,

t hi r d si ngul a r pr esen t i nd i ca t i v e and the se c o nd si ngul a r i m per a

t i v e a nd a l so d r o p —e o f the l a tt e r
,
.

2 So m e s tr o ng v e r b s w i t h a n o f the i n fi ni t i v e s t e rn t a k e
.
, ,

u m l a u t i n the se c o n d a n d t hi r d S i ngul a r O f the pr esen t i nd ic a

tiv e b ut n o t i n the i m pe r a tiv e

,
.

H e n c e th e p ri n c i pa l pa rt s O f suc h v e r b s a re a s fo ll o ws :
3 .

P a rt P a r t . 2 Sg .
, 3 Sg P r I n d . . . [ mpwn

geben gab gegeben gi bft, gi bt gi b

iprecben b r ad) geiprodi en ipricbit, ipridi t flori d)
febea fab geieben fiebft, {iebr iteb
ftebl en itabl geftobl en ftiebl ft j tiebl t , ftiebl
fall en fi el gefal len full ft full t , fal le
icbl agen id flub geid) Iugen i ci gft icbl ti gt
d fl id flage
'

N O T E —Th w h ol
. e e p r es . i nd i c . a nd i m p e ho ul d b pr cti se d
v . S e a .

S t em s i n —b, —t, 2c .

n a z m l z z re
’

P r esen t [
’
’
.

Qi inben, fiBitten, gerbten , S

li uten, 23ei ben,
b i nd . b eg . fi gh t . ad vi se . b it e .

i d) bi a be bi tte fed) te rate bei be

bu binbeft bittej t fi d) tft rut ft bei bt
er bi nbet bi ttet ficbt bei bi
mit binben bi tten fe d) ten t aten bei ben
i br bi nbet bi ttet fed) tet r atet beibt
fie binben bi tten fecbten r uten bei ben

O BSERV E : r . St e m s i n —
b ,
- t, w i t ho u t v o we l c ha n
ge in the

p r e s e n t i n d ic at i ve reta i n ,
e b e fo r e i t
i — - ~
, .

2
. S t e m s i n b — -t w it
, h v o w e,
l c ha n g e d r o —
p e O f the e nd i n g ,

i n the se c o nd s i ngu l a r a n d et i n the t hi r d ; i n o t he r fo r m s t hey

-

re t a i n the — e a nd — ci .

S t e ms i n s i b i l a n t s u su a lly d r o p -eb o f the se c o nd si ngu l a r

3
. .
 1 48 ] L E SSO N XXXV 1 35

1 47 . For m ati on of I mperf ect S ubj uncti v e .

id) bl i ebe frnre id) id) l uge id) funge i d)

O BS ERV E : T he s t e m o f the i m pe r fe c t i n d i c a t i v e r egu l a rly

se rv es fo r the i m pe r fe ct subj u ncti v e b ut w i t h a d d e d u m l a u t ,

when the i m pe r fe ct s t e i n v o w e l is a a o r 11 , , .

NOTE In m v rb s th e v w l f the i m pf ub j d es n o t co rr p d
.
- so e e o e o . s . o es on

w it h t h t f th i mp f i d i hel fen h l p bal f im p s ub j bii l fc m

’
a o e . n c . : , e , , . . so e

h v d ub l f rm gewi nnen w in gewann i m p f b j gemii nne ‘ ’

a e o e o s : r , , ,
. su . o

gembnne ; h f m ur nl y i
s uc Cl s 9 10 1 1or s occ l o n a ss e , , se e a so

Al ph b eti l L i t i n A pp D
a ca s . .

1 48 . Cl a s s es c o nv eni enc e o f r efe r enc e

of S tr ong V er bs . Fo r ,

the pr i n ci pa l s tr o ng v e r b s a re a rr a nge d he r e i n cl a sse s a cc o r d ,

i ng to t hei r v o w e l c ha nges ex c ep t i o n a l fo r ms a nd pe c ul i a r i t i es ,

b ei ng gi v en i n the no t es

1 . Bei ben
S M o d el .

P a r ts bei ben 1
bi b gebi fien

g b
l ei c en , r e se m b l e . r ei ben t e a r ,
‘
.
j )
d n e i ben ,
c ut
3
.

gl ei ten ,
2
g li d e . reitenfi ri d e
’
.
i)
d re i te n ,
2
s tr id e .

ftr ei d) en ,
s tr o k e .

ftt eiteu c o n t e nd
‘ 2
.
,

mei d) en yi el d
'

.
,

pf f i
e en, w h i stl e 2
.

1 St m — b
f3 e m if ft r h rt eco es a e s o e ned vo we l i n the p a s, u n ess fi n a rt l l
A ft r sh rt i st em s — —
.

a nd — l t
2 e
f o ta e d r o ub e d . 3 S e m b b e c o m es - tt .

2 . $ l ei ben M o d el .

Pa r is bl ei ben bl ieb gebl ieben r ema i n

gebei en, b t hriv e .
i)
d ei be n, p a rt .
id) meigen b e si l e n t ,
.

l ei ben, l e nd .
i)
d ei n en ,
s h i ne .
fteigen m o unt ,
.

avo i d
/ n i eib en ,
.
id) rei ben w r i t e ,
. tr ei ben d ri v e ,
.

x to l
/ b
r e i ien e ,
.
id) reien screa m ,
. tnei ien sho w ,
.

/
r ei ben ru b ,
.
 1 36 G ER MAN GR A MMA R 1 48

3 .
gri eren M o d e l .

fri er en frat gefr or en fr ee z e

bi egen, b e n d .
b eben,
l
li ft . tni gen,
i gh (tn )
w e .

bi eten, O ffe r . .
j fi
d eb en p u sh ,
.

,
niegen w e i gh
A ,

sw e a r ll
g b fi p ( r)
2
f acil e“ fly i)d i
'

,
. lb bren ,
. e en u t ,

fl ieben ,
fl ee . ti erl ierem l o se . m o v e (i n fra) .

1
b ob o r b ub .
2
ib
e lv or o r id) mur .
3
30 g, gegogen .

4 .
g ebi eben M o d el .

P a r /r {mieben id)ri b geid wjj en s ho o t

r eso und fri ed) en cr e e p id) l ieben l o ck

1
.
,
.
,
.

/ fl ieben fl o w
‘
1
ri ed) en sm e ll
, > < tri efen
.
1
d ri p ,
.
,
.

g e n i eben
1
e nj o y fa n fe n
2
,
d r i nk > < b e rb ri eb en
I
. v ex , ,
.

i
g b e e n
‘
p o u r , ( o f b eas t s
) . .

1
Co n so na nt c ha ng e s o f s t m a s i n bei ben m o d e l 2
iofi geiofien e .
,

2 a n d 3 S i n g pr e s i nd i c ii ufft ii uft . . .
, , .

{yerbten M o d el
‘

5 . .

P a r ts :
fed) ten facbt gefad n
en fi d) tft fi d) i fi ght

fi d) i
fb
erl b r en, b ec o m e mel ten m i lk ,
. x
febmel gen ,
m e lt .

e x ti ngui sh e d uell en, gush ll

.

fl .
idnnell en ,
sw e .

ea v e
y f b
l ec te n w ,
.

6 . (fl icn M o d el .

Pa m ben b gegefien
l
i bt ib
‘

: e a

i bt

frefien ea t (o f ,
.
ni ejj en, m ea sur e .

/ tr eten, tr ea d 3
.

b e a st s) iibenf b erge)j en fo rge t

.
’
si t
/
. . .
,

geben giv e ,
.

1 No t e the i n rt dse e g .
2
j b
a , ge e en ifi ,
3 Pr es . tri ttft, tritt ,
im p v e .

tritt , p ppl e
. .
getr et en .
 1 38 G ER MA N GR AM MA R [ g 1 48

1 2 . g i ngen Mo del .

Pa n s fi ngen f f i
‘
ang ge angen s ng

binben, b i nd .
f

ri ngen ,
wr i i
pt ngen, sp r i ng .

bri ngen, pr e ss . n, tw ine ; s w a ll o w

y
trinfen d ri n k
L
.

finben, fi nd .
fd) tninben v a ni sh ,
.

i cc ee d id) rb ingen swi ng i rc e

‘

gel ngen su
3tn ngen fo
/
. . .
, , ,

fl ingen, so u nd iinfen si nk ,
.

1 3 . (S ibl ugen M o d el .

P a r ts :
id) l ugen id) l ug id) l agft id) l uge s tr i k e
geid) Iugen
idflii gt
bud en, b a k e 1
. Iuben l o a d ; i n v i t e
2
tr ugen c a rry
,
.
,
.

f hr en
a ;
d ri v e .
i fl ff
d l e
,
u f c r ea t e m u d)ien g ro w .
,
.

gr uben ,
d ig .
f b
te en
‘
st a n d m a i)
d e n,
w a sh .
,
.

1 I m pf but, m r u u ll y ba ffl e 2 2
l ubft i dbt r
'

. or o e s g a nd 3 g . s . a s .
,
o

l ubeft, l ubet m
1 ) f i fff ftunb ( ftunb b s l t )
3
. d u d t i d
,) ff
u t 4
, .
,
o o e e ,

geftunben .

I 4 .
$all en M o d e l .

Pa m .

fall en full ft full e fiel gefull en

i i
i
i ii

bl uien igw
b , b gg
a n n { h a g
p. r u t e n a d v i se
,
.
,
.

( i al ;
l m g i
; c a ll
‘
fi a en h e w l
f il i a l ,
.
,
"
.

c a tc h f b id ; b e c a ll e d j dflafen sl e ep
’
f g
an en ,
. .
,
.

geben go w alk l afien l e t ftobeu k no ck (

2
'

. . .
, , , ,

batten ho l d , l uufen run .

,
.

1 Im
p fl g
f a 2
i n
g g g g g
. e a n e.n 3 Im f
p b g i n 4
bi eb buuft , . . .
, ,

5
ran t t uft , .

1 5 . Ano m a l o us V e r b s .

P a r ts iein mar
tun tut
g 1 48 ] L ESSO N XXXV 1 39

X E R CI S E X X XV E

M B I t i n t i n t n d e d t h t th f ll w i g e er i se sh o ul d b e o m
. s o e a e o o n x c c

p l e t d
e t t h i
a st g b t t h st i t ri a p rt e, h l d b u u d fr m ti m a s va o us a s s ou e se o e

t ti m
o t th d i r ti
e a f th t e h r fsc ed rill i theon n j ug ti o f e ea c e , or n co a on o

stro ng erb s F th o b ul ry f thi n d f ll w i ng e r i

v . or e v e
ca nd a O s a o o x e c ses, s e e

o f v ol um e .

A . R ev i e w 1 4 8, 1 , an d tr a nsl a t e ( )r A S the w o o d c u tt e r
wa s g r i nd i ng i t sl i pped o u t o f his hand 2 W he n I
his a xe , . .

w a s y o ung I s uffe r ed m uc h fr o m ( an ( 12
1 ) t o o t ha c he
4 3 M a ry ,
. .

has t o r n ( gerrei ben) he r n e w d r e ss i e f w a s se iz e d .

e r r
( g f ) ei en a s he w as sn e a k i ng i n t o ho us e 5 T h at ba d . .

bo y ha s pi n c hed his li ttl e b r o t her 6 C ha rl es w a s pun i she d . .

b e c ause he w hi stl ed i n sc ho o l ( 7 T he b o y s hav e fl ung t he i r . .

bo o k s o n the gro u nd 8 T w o o ffi c e r s w er e r i d i ng w i t h the

. .

e mpe r o r t hr o ugh the pa rk 9 T he fa r m e r s w e r e c u tt i n g t he i r . .

whea t l as t w ee k .

B . R e v i ew 1 4 8, 2, and tra n sl a t e 1 . T he e m pe o r r as

c e nd ed the t hr o ne i n the y ea r 1 8 8 8 2 Y o u t ho ught I w a s i n . s .

;

the w r o ng b e c a use I w as s i l en t 3 Wo u l d yo u st a y he r e i f I . .

st a i d w i t h yo u ? 4 T he po o r gi rl s cr ea m e d w hen the d o g b i t
.

he r .
5 W h e r e
. a r e the b o o k s w h i c h I
( ha v e l e n t yo u ?
) 6 T h e .

tr e e w as n o t t hri v i ng b e c a use the so i l w a s to o po o r 7 T he , . .

t ea c he r ha s pr o v ed to us t ha t w e w e r e w r o ng H e s ee m e d .

to b e a ngry w i t h (uui a re ) u s 9 I s t a i d a t ho m e b e c a u se
,
. . .

I w as sufferi ng fro m hea d ac he 10 T he she ep w er e b ei ng . .

d r i v e n to the pa st ur e 1 1 I ha v e a lr ea d y c o pi e d m y ex e rci ses

. . .

I ho pe I ha v e av o i d e d (b ermeiben) a l l m i st a k e s t hi s t i m e .

C R ev i ew
. 1 4 8 3 a n d tr a nsl a t e r T he b ir d s ha v e fl o w n
, , .

i n t o the wo o d T he s t ud e n t s ha v e l o st m uc h ti m e t hi s
.
I

w i nt e r 3 T he w i tne ss sw o r e t ha t he r e c o gn i z e d the t hi e f
'

. . .

4 T he en e my fl ed w he n t he y w e r e a t t a ck e d
.
5 I pi ck e d u p a . .

bo o k w hic h w as lyi ng o n the t a b l e 6 R o b e rt w ei ghe d m o r e . .

a y ea r a o t ha n he w e i hs n o w
g g ® I hav e o ffe r ed a t ho usa nd .

m a rk s fo r t hi s pi ct ur e 8 T he c hi l d r e n are no t d r essed yet . . .

 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

9 . My pa r e nt s ha v e (are) m o v e d i n t o a no t he r str ee t . 10 . T hi s

pen is b en t ; I c a nno t w r i t e w i t h i t . 1 1 .I s ho ul d be so rry if

his b ea ut i ful r i ng .

tra nsl a t e : I H as the gar

1 4 8, 4 , 5 , a nd .

r w a t e r e d the fl o w e r s a n d c ut the g r a s s ? 2 A r i v er .

s we ll s w he n the ic e m e l t s 3 T hi s r i v e r i s a l wa y s sw o ll e n in . .

s pri ng 4 T hi s b a sk e t w a s w o v e n b y a b l i n d m a n
. .
5 T he . .

c o w s a re a lr e a d y m ilk e d a nd ha v e b ee n d r i v e n to the
pa st ur e .

T he d o o r s a re l o c k e d ; I l o ck e d t he m m y se l f 7 I t v ex ed . . .

m e t ha t t hi s pr e tty b i r d ha d b ee n Sho t ( use 8 H av e .

yo u s m ell e d t ho se r o se s ? T hey sm e ll v ery he c a t

d r a n k the m i lk w hi c h I po ur e d i nt o a c up o g ha s .

cr e p t b e hi nd the st o v e b e c a use he w a s c o l d ( r ier en

( )
i s f ) .

1 1 We ha v e no t swu m i n the r i v e r b ec ause i t w as fl o wi ng so

.
,

fast .

E . R evi ew 1 4 8 , 6, 7 , a nd tr ansl a t e 1 . H ave you seen my

gl o v es ? t hey are ly i ng o n the
2 . Y es ; W ha t has tabl e .

happen ed to y o u r li ttl e si st e r ? 4 She s t eppe d o n a pi e c e o f .

gl a ss a nd c u t her fo o t 5 T hi s ha ppen e d i n the ho l i d a y s an d

. .
,

she r e c o v e r ed v ery sl o w ly 6 She ha s no w q ui t e r ec o v e r e d . . .

D t f r t m b t h a t the d o o r i s l o ck e d a t te n
Q I
’
7 . o n o g e y o y , ,
t .

O ft e n ha pp e n s t ha t the pr o fesso r fo r ge t s hi s u m b r e ll a 9 T hi s . .

s t ud en t r e a d s m a ny b o o k s b u t he so o n fo rge t s w ha t he ha s ,

r ea d 1 0 T he ho rse w as eat i ng his o a t s i n the st ab l e w hi l e

. .
,

his m a st er wa s d i ni ng Do n t st e p o n the ic e R o b e rt ;
’
1 1 . .
,

i t i s v e ry t hi n the sun ha s m elt ed i t ,

1 2 C ha rl es pl ease . .
,

gi v e t hi s l e tt e r to y o ur un cl e ® T he str a n ge r tr o d o n my .

fo o t b ut a t o n c e b e gged m y pa r d o n
,
14 Pl ea se r e ad . .

( b u rl e i )
en t h i s po e m to m e S a r ah 15 T h e n e w s pa pe r s t e ll ,
. .

us w ha t i s ha ppe n i ng i n the w o rl d 1 6 S ee m y c hi l d ho w . .
, ,

b r i ghtly the s un s hi nes .

F . Rev i ew 1 48, 8 , 9 , tra nsl a t e : 1 O ne O ffi c er c o m

a nd .

m a nd s m a n y i r
so l d e s . 2 . T he O ffi c e r c o m ma nd e d hi s so l d i e r s
to s ho o t ,
a nd t he y sho t .
3 T hi n i c e b r ea k s w hen o n e tr ea d s
.
1 42 GE R MA N GR A M MA R

v ery sl o wly . A re yo u i n v i t e d (einl uben) to the b a ll a t Mrs

4 . .

Br a un s ? T he ga r d e n e r i s d i ggi ng a l a rge ho l e i n the gar

’

5 .

d en . 6 Y e st er d a y he w as d i ggi ng (umgr aben) a fl o w er-b e d

. .

7 . T hi s tr ee i s gr o w i ng fast . 8 . I t gr ew tw o o r t hr e e fe e t
l a st y e a r ,
b ut i t b o r e no fr u i t
9 and . . Go d cr ea t ed the e a rt h

a l l t ha t is t he r e i n .

K R ev i e w
. 1 48 1 4 a n d tr a n s l a t e 1 T he shi p str u ck o n
, ,
.

a r o ck a nd sa n k 2 T he w i nd w a s b l o w i ng vi o l e n tly
. .
3 T he . .

c a pt ai n d id no t l ea v e ( b el l afien) his shi p unt i l i t w as S i nki ng ‘

4 T he c hi l d fe ll a n d k no c k e d i ts hea d o n the ic e
.
5 T he . .

w o o d c utt e r w as c utti ng d o w n a b ig tr e e 6 W ha t w a s the . .

n a me o f the ge n tl e m a n w ho m w e m e t y es t e r d a y ? 7 A re yo u .

s t i ll a sl e e p J o hn ? I ha v e c a ll e d yo u t w i c e
, 8 M y fa t he r . .

n ev e r l e t s m e S l e e p l a t e r t ha n se v e n O c l o ck 9 O ur d o ct o r
’
. .

a d v i se s m e to r i s e e a rly I O M i ne a d vi se d m e to ri se l a t e
. . .

1 1 .M y fa t he r s pi c t u r e ha ngs o v e r m y w ri ti ng t a bl e 1 2 H o w
’
- . .

d o yo u li k e t hi s t o wn ? 1 3 W hen d id yo u b egi n (anfangen) to .

l ea r n G e r ma n ? 1 4 T hi s tr a i n st o ps at all st a ti o ns
.

15 .I f yo u ha d run m o r e q u ickly yo u w o ul d ha v e wo n the ,

pr i z e 1 6 A d o l f r un s q ui ck e r t ha n yo u
. . .

L E S S O N XXX VI
R efl ex i v e P r onoun s a nd V erb s .

Iuben, to p r a i se o n e s se
’
lf .
G i rl) einbil ben, to i m agi ne .

i d) bi l be in ir
bu bil beft bir
er bil bet li d)
mir bil ben unb
i br bil bet eud)
fie bil ben iid)
© ie bil ben fi d)

b abe mid) gel obt ,

te . i d) babe ni ir eingebil bet ,
te .
, t e.
 L E SSO N XXXV I

O BSERV E T he p r o n o uns O f the

1 . r s t a nd z ud r
p e so n s hav e
no sp e ci a l fo r m fo r r e fl ex i v e a cti o n .

2 . T ho s e of r
the 3 rd p e so n (i ncl ud i ng the fo r m a l g ie) ha v e
the fo r m fi d) fo r b o t h d a tiv e a nd a cc u sa ti v e o f a ll
ge n d e r s a n d
bo th r numb e s .

N O TE — Tr n itiv v rb s i n En gli h a
a fr q ntl y l
s e us e d i n t
e n i s re e ue a so ra s

u h v rb u ll y r fl i i n G rm b ub wett er but fid)

"
ti l y ;
ve s c e s a re u s a e ex v e e an

geiiubet t T he w t her h s h g d ; D i e I tl l? ofi nete fid) r ’ ( ’

' ‘

,
‘
ea Th d
a c an e
,
‘
e oo

o
pen e d )

150 . Gov er nm ent of R efl ex i v es .

3 ) fb
d c am te m i d) fei ner . I wa s a sha m e d o f hi m .

Grbarnt e bid) ber g uinea . T a k e p i ty o n the po o r .

Qi egnii gen © ie iid) bunt i t . C o n t e n t y o ur se l f w i t h t ha t .

l ann mil bub benfen i m a gi n e t ha t

3 59 I
‘

. c an .

O BSERV E : 1 T he r e fl e xi v e O bj e ct i s usu a lly in the a c c usa

.

tiv e the r e m o t e O bj ec t b ei ng i n the gen i tiv e o r go v er n e d by

, ,

a pr e po si ti o n .

2 T he r e fl ex i v e o bj ect i s so m e t i m es i n the d a t i v e a nd the

.

r e mo t e O bj e ct i n the a cc usa tiv e .

15 1 . R eci pr ocal P r onouns .

© ie wer ben ii d) wi eber leben c h o t he r aga i n . T he y w i ll se e e a .

QBir begegneten unb (d d f) We m et ea c h o t he r .

flBir l i eben einunber We l o v e o ne a n o t he r

. .

O BS ERV E : R e fl ex i v e pr o no uns are u se d i n the pl u r a l to e x

pr e ss r eci pr o c a l a cti o n ; bu t i n c a se O f a m b i gu i ty einunber t e
pl a c es t hem fo r a l l pe r so n s .

152 . E m ph ati c P r onoun s .

iWu j agft eb fel bft y o u r se l f

r
. Y o u say so .

Gri ennt end) fel ber . K n o w y o ur se lv es (n o t o t he rs) .

E el bft ber i ebt er j agt 8 b

’ Ev e n the t e a c h e r say s so
’

. .

O BS ERV E : i nd ec li na bl e j el b ft o r iel bet is u se d to e m

T he ‘

pha s iz e p r o no uns a nd n o u n s ; fel hit is a l so used ad v e r b i a lly

=
( uud) o r o ar even nd t he n p r e c e d e s
fg
‘
a
,
.
1 44 GER MA N GR AM M AR 1 52

E XE RCIS E XXX V I

I D IO M S : I . s
.
’

gabeu g i t ii d) gut unterbal ten? D i d yo u j

en oy
o
yo ur

se l f?
2 . wi e but S bueu b ub (Siien geirbui ed t? ‘
H o w d i d yqu en o j y
y o ur d i n n e r ?
Gi rl) uui b en 328 m ui ucben, to set o u t (on w a k, l )
3
9
. a a .

A . . muebte i d) id) on uni bul b ied) b a n

j eute
S er itunb .

ioiort uui unb fl eibete mi d) id) uell an benn i d) butte beid) l oiien , ,

ei nen ©bu3iergung 3a mad) en Sl i utter ri et at ir mid) warm .

,

an3u3i eben i onit murbe i d) tui d) erfu

,
l ten S d) mei nte aber .
r
,

bub iei nid) t nbtig i rrit bid) l i ebe Rl ura iprud) iie
.
, , ,

bub QBetter but iid) gednbert; eb i it iebr fal t gewor ben

“
all b .

d) bur d) ben Burf gi ng begegnete i d) mei ner greunbin (El ie

‘
, .

Q ub tnunberte mid) nid) t benn mir treiien unb b it an bieier ,

€ tell e QBir begrii bten unb unb freuten unb ii ber bieieb
.
,

guiarnni entreiien benn Gl ie butte iid) and) 3a ei nem irii ben ,

©pu3iergung enticbl oiien Ql ui bent E lb ege unterbiel ten inir .

unb brad) tig Si acbbent tnir ei ne g taube gegangen mur en

.
,

i b n
e te tni r unb uu i ei ne B anf ant SB
‘
Sege uni unb ein weni g ,

uubsuruben Da eb aber anfi ng 5a id) neien erboben mi r unb

‘
.
,
.

bul b unb mad) ten unb uui ben S j einub eg l l ntermegb tr ennten .

tnir unb unb id) i ebrte al l ei n nad) S j auie surii d .

B .
8 d) l unn mid) ielbit an
C o n ti nue th e fo ll o w i ng : 1 .

fl eibcn bu bid) i t
,
2
3 d) merbe rui d) warm ungieben ,
. . .

3 3 d) babe mid) iebr bar a ber gelvunbert

.
4 3 d) founte . .

mid) ni d) t bu3u entidfli eben 5 QS ir baben unb b it bi er ge . .

tr offen 6 3 d) id) ui ne mid) meineb E Betrugenb bu

'

.
,
.

beineb 2U 7 3 d) beianb at i d) gar nid) t mobl

,
. . .

C . O ra l : 1 .
Wie Wie b e fi nd e t
ge h t es I hn e n he ut e ? 2 .

s ic h I hr H e rr V a t er ? G l aub st d u d a b d a s W e tt e r s i c h
3 .
,

heut e and e r n w i r d ? 4 H a b en d i e Ki n d e r si c h sc ho n a nge .

kl e i d e t ? 5 K On n en sie s ic h s el b st anzi e hen ? 6 WO hab en

. .

s i c h d i e b e i d e n Fr eu n d i nn e n e tr o ffe n ? l V o z u ha tt en s ie
g 7 .
1 46 GE R MAN GR AM MA R 1 53

I L E SS ON XXX VI I
Mix ed Conj ugati on .

[ pf I n di e
nz . P a s t P a 71 . P r es I ndi e
. . M ea ni ng .

mi iien mubte gerb ubt tveib k no w

bii rien ba r ite geburit bur i m ay
tbnnen fonnte gefonnt fann c an

rnbgen mad)te gemad) t mug m ay

rnii ii en rnu bte gernu bt mub m ust

i ol l en f oll i e ge ol l ti ioll sha ll

wol l en moll te gelnol l t wi ll wi ll
O BS ERV E T he i m pe r fe ct i nd i c a t i v e a n d pa s t pa rti ci pl e ha v e
:

the w ea k e nd i n gs —
te, —t, wi t ho ut u m l a u t .

NO T E — T he i m perati ve is w an ti n
g in a ll , e x c e
p t mi iien , wi fie, 2C and

woll en, woll e, 2C .

1 54 . P r es ent I nd i ca t i v e .

id) inei b bar i funn ioll mill mug mub

bu inei bt buriit ni ubt
tunnit iol l it mi ll it
mugit
er inei b bar i ma b
funn ioll wi llmug
tnir lni iien bii rien rnbgen mii iien ib ll en woll en
l bnnen
i br tvi bt bii rit fbnnt
ni ii bt ioll t woll t
'

i n bgt

i ie l b i iie u bii rien r n bge n fbnnen

n u i iien i ol l en w oll en

O BS ERV E : 1 T he v o w e l c ha nge i n the si n gul a r ( ex c e pt

.

l a n d the a b se n c e o f pe r so na l t er m i nati o n s i n the fi r st a nd

f a l e n )
t hird Si ngu l a r .

2 . T he pl ur al i s fo r m ed r egul a rly fr o m the i nfi ni t i v e s t e m

. .

155 . S ub j unc t i v e .

P res . id) iui iie, bur ie, lb ane, ntoge, rnu e, ii ioll e ,
woll e,
2C . re . re . 2C . te .

burite, fonnte, i nbd) te, nui bte ib ll te woll te

'

I mpf i d) tb ii te,b
‘ ’

.
, , ,

i t: it . it . it . it . to .

C o nti n ue the pa r a d i gm w i t h r e gul a r s ub u nj ctiv e e n d ngs i .

O BS ERV E T he bse n c e O f u m au l t in ioll te and iOOll tC

’

: a .
 1
5 8] L ES SO N XXXV II 147

Compound T ens es .

b b
abe, gemubt bu a it, 2c .
, geburit, zc .

P erf S n éj . . i d) babe bu babeit t e

, gemubt ,
.
, geburit, te .

butte bu butteit 2c gemubt

, ,
.
, geburit, 2c .

butte bu butteit t e gemubt

, ,
.
, geburit, t e .

F a t 1 nd . . id) wer be bu mir it te mi iien

, , .
, bii rien, t e .

werbe bu merbeit t e mi iien , , .

, bii rien, zc .

wer be bu mir it 2c gemubt

, ,
.
,
te .
baben
, .

i d) wer be bu merbeit z c gemubt , ,

.
,
2c baben , .

tuii rbe bu mii rbeit 2c tni iien

, ,
.
, bii rien t e ,
.

miirbe bu tnii rbeit te gemubt

, ,
.
,
t e baben.
, .

P erf I nfi n . .
g e m ub bt ab en gebu ri b
t aben t o , ,
.

157 Mod al Aux i l i a r i es T he v e rb s bur ien, fbnnen

'

. .
, in bgen,

mii iien , fall en woll en w i t h the v e r b l affen, a re c a ll e d

, ,
m o d al
a uxi l i ari es si nc e t he y fo r m c o ns tructi o ns eq ui va l en t
,
’
to v ar i o us
m o o d s t he y al l go v e r n a n i nfi nit i v e w i t ho u t an:

S fann l eien
I)
C .
I c anr ea d
S ci) rnbd) te geben . I sho ul d li k e to go
Quiien g it unb geben . L e t u s go (i mper a ti ve) .

15 8 . Gener al R em a r k s v e r b s unlik e on Mod a l s . 1 . T he s e ,

t hei r Engli sh equi v al ent s hav e a n i nfi nitiv e a nd pa st pa rti c i pl e , ,

a n d a re he n c e c a pa bl e O f fo r m i ng a c o m l e t e se t O f t e n ses
p

3 d) merbe ar bei t en i nuiien . I sha ll b e o b li ged to wo rk .

Gr mir b ni d) i fonunen tbnnen . He w ill n o t b e a b l e to c o m e .

2 . A ft e r go v e r ne d i n fi n i t i v e , i n the c o m po und
a t enses ,
the

pa s t pa rt i c i pl e t a k e s the fo r m o f a n i nfi ni t i v e

Gr bat uicbt ibiel en tonnen . H e wa s l

un a b e to pl a y .

Gr but eb iebi ci eu l uiien . He c aused i t to be s en t .

NO T E —T h verb bbreu n d ieben ( n d l s

. e s a a es c o mm o n l y bei ben , hel fen,
l ehr en Ier nen ma d) en) l o h
, th i p uli it y
, a s s a re s ec ar : 3 d) ba be i bn fommen
bbreu ( ieben) I h a rd ( w ) h im c m
’
, e sa o e.
 GE R MA N GR AM MA R

y a y a l so be use d i n d e pe n d e ntly w i t ho u t a go v e r ne d
3 T h e
. m (
i nfi n i t i v e), a nd e v e n a s tra nsi tiv e v e r b s, a nd ha v e t hen the r egula r
fo r m s o f the pa st pa rt i c i p l e i n c o m po und t e nses
61? but nid) t gemnll t . H e w a s n o t w illi ng .

3 ) b
d abe n ie Qii ein gemacbt . I ha v e n e v e r li k e d w i n e .

4 . O w i ng to the d e fe ct i v e
c o nj uga ti o n an d l i mi t ed m ea ni ng
o f the E ngli s h m o d a l s G e r m a n m o d a l c o n str uc ti o ns a re v a ri ,

r r e d i n t o En gli sh s e e n e x t s e cti o n a nd
o u sl
y e n d e ( 7
1 4

5 T h e
. i m p e r fe ct subj un cti v e is r e gu l a rly u s ed fo r the si m pl e

c on d iti o na l
sho ul d b e a ll o w e d to d o i t
S ) i b ii ft e b t u n I
‘

c l e . .

d d s ho ul d lik e to d o i t
3 ) r n b ) te 8 6 tu n I . .

6 D i sti ngu i sh c a r e fully b e t w ee n c o ul d

‘ ’ ‘
. w as

funnte (i nd i c ) a nd c o u l d wo ul d b e i bnnte
‘
.

( c o nd l
) .

Gr fannte eb a i d) t tun ba er H e c o ul d n t (w a s un a bl e to)

’

hu nt mar . d o i t a s he w a s ill ,
.

(5 1 tbnnte eb nid) t tun wenn H e c o ul d n t ( w o ul d b e una b l e

° ’

er and) l b b l l tc to ) d o i t e v e n i f he w o ul d
.
,
.

N O T E — Th i fi f a v erb f m ti n ( pe i ll y founueu geben) i

e n n. o o o o es c a , s

O ft e m itt d ft r th m d l w h
n o e a e dv rb d v r b i l ph
e o e d t
a s en an a e or a e a ra s eno

hi the i p nt S d) wi ll her ei n I w i h t c m i n ; (i t: i0 11
’ ’
i g n
‘
vt r s r ese :
,
‘
s o o e

uud) Spanie, H e is to g o h o m e .
’

159 . P r i ma r y S i g nifi ca t i on of Moda l s T he fo ll o w i ng pa r a

.

gr a phs c o nt a i n e xa mpl es o f the c o m mo ner uses o f mo d a l s

fo r the c o ns tr u ct i o n o f the c o m po und t enses a nd the mo r e
i d i o m a t i c d i st i nct i o ns see L esso n X L ,

SDii t feu (pe r m i ssi o n c o nc essi o n)

‘

1 .
,

JDmf i ch é ie begl ei ten ?

f ‘

Ma y I a cc o m pan y yo u ?
i Bir bii rien Sli mmi ne l eien We are a ll o wed to r ea d no v el s . .

2 Rbnnen ( a b i li ty po ss i b i lity)
.
,

Gr founte nid) t id) lb inunen H e c o ul d n o t swi m . .

Q ub funn iein T ha t m a y (po s s i b ly) b e so

52
. .

aSi bunen Q ie C Deutid) DO yo u k no w G e r m a n ?

1 50 G ER M AN GR AM MA R 160

— SDann ni uiien lair unb beei l en — @ ollen inir gain QSubnboi .

geb n ober iabr n

e e ? — 8ab unb l i eber iabren iunit ni bd) ten mir ,

ben ga g b eriuuinen © i
u i
'

n b m it urn l i b bi
‘ u n b .
— i’u unb
-
b . .

i bt bi g b
e e a ri u rt
c
e n f uu i ;
en e b i i bb g
t o e e i t — 91d) i d) mub .
,

mei n ilSortetnonnaie 5a sj uuie gel aiien baben ; tonnteit bu mir

etwab 6 — 9Ji it i i ergnii gen uber i d) babe nur
} e b or i) b
d i e e n ? ,

weni g bei mir — f©ann inuiien la ir britter fi l uiie fubren iunit

.
,

rnbd) te eb a i d) t uubrei d) en —Q3 3ei bt bu mie b i el 3 eit inir in .

ber © tubr buben ? —ll ber br ei ® tunben —$ Dunn wer ben mir .

bem bubball ibiel bei mobnen l bnnen —f©ab i nbd) te i d) nid) t; .

id) mug bieien G port ni d) t ; i d) i nbd) te l i eber bub SJi uieurn be

i d)
n en — QId) l i d) raubte a i d) t ba b bu bid) iii r ia etwab i nte
.
,

reiiierteit — 233ir wer ben unb ul io ant S abnboi tr ennen rnuiien

. .

iB an n un b in b i oll en m i r u n b w i ebe r t r e ffen ? — ll nt

uui bem ‘Bubnboi — @ut ; ul io uui QBieberieben !
.
.

B .
Sub wei b a id) t mub bub bebeuten ioll
C o n t i nue : 1 .
, .

2
S d) mubte nid) t mub i d) woll te bu
. bu te 3 Sub , ,
. .

rnbd) te aub geben wenn i d) bii rite bu bu t r 4 3 d)

, , ,
. .

fann iebr gut D eutid) 5 3 d) fannte ei ne E li el ie mad) en

” ‘ ’

. .
,

lnenn id) woll te bu bu ? C 6 3 d) werbe mor gen a i d) t

, ,
. .

7 3 d) babe bleien Sl tenidun ni e gemad) t

'

fornrnen i bnnen . . .

8 3 d) tb ur l ranl unb fonnte nid) t a r bei ten 9 3 d) werbe

‘ ‘

. . .

bieie QIuigube mad) en ni ii iien 10

3 d) iull te bub eigeutl id) . .

iebt tun .

C . O ra l : 1 . K o nne n Sic De ut sc h ? 2 K a nn Ihr Br ud er

.

D e ut s c h l ese n ? 3 . K Onn tc er d i e se n d eu t sc he n Br i ef l ese n ?

4 . W o hi n m Oc hte n H ei n r i c h und E m i l gehen ? 5 Durfen w ir .

m it (ge he n) ? 6 MOc hte n Sic n i c ht li e b e r er s t er Kl a sse fa hr e n ?

.

7 Da rf i c h m i c h a u f d i c se Ba n k se tz e n ?
. 8 MOgen Sic d as .

Fu Bb al l spiel n i c ht ? 9 W e r d e n Sie heu t e d e m Spi e l b ei wo hnen.

kOnne n ? 10 D ii rfte n Si e n i c ht a usgehe n w e nn Sic wo llt e n ?

.
,

1 1 W0 k o nnt e i c h Sic w i e d er trc tfe n ? 1 2 Wissc n Sic w ie

. .
,

vi e l U hr c s j etzt i st ? 1 3 WuBten Sie n ic ht wi e v i e l U hr es .

,

w ar ?
 1 61 ] L ESSON XXXV I II 1 51

D .
@ H en ry an d E m i l m ea n to go to t o w n 2 T he y w o ul d . .

l i k e to att end the fo o t b a ll ga m e T he y d o n t k no w w het he r

’
.

t he y m ay 4 r ea lly o ught 1 6wo rk to d ay

. . They F a t he r - .
,

m a y I go to t o w n ? 6 M i ght E m i l a nd R o b e rt go w i t h [me ] ?
.

T he y woul d l i k e [ to go ] a l o ng (mit)
'

7 DY es b ut yo u wi ll ha v e .
K ,

to c o m e b a ck ea rly 8 I d o n t k no w whet he r we c an w e w i ll
’
. .

c o m e ho m e as so on a s po ssi b l e E mi l w ant e d to b uy a .

tick et b ut c o ul d n t fi nd his purs e 10 H e nry ha d to a d v a n c e

"

’
. .
,

hi m so me m o ne y 1 1 W i ll t hey b e o b li ge d to trav e l t hi r d cl a ss ?
. .

1 2. I t hi nk (gl auben) n o t t he y m ust hav e m o ne y 13 R o b e rt . .

d o esn t w i sh to a tt e n d the foo t b all ga me ; he d o esn t l i k e the

’ ’

ga m e 14 . H e ha s nev e r l i k ed i t
. 15 N e i t he r ha v e I (i d) and) . .

nid) t) 1 6 H e pr e fe r s to vi s i t ( be uc
. .
i u l l i e be r ) e m useu m
th
w he n he i s i n t o w n 1 7 We d i d n t k no w t ha t ; w e t ho ught
. .
' ’

he m ea n t to a cc o m pa ny us
‘
1 8 H er e we a re a t the st a t i o n . . .

f
r We m ust pa rt he r e 2 0 But w e c o ul d m ee t a ga i n a t . .

the (am) m us e um c o ul d n t w e ? C e rt a i nly a nd l e t us go

’
21 ,
.
,

ho m e a t 6 O c l o c k 22 We ha v e to b e a t ho me b e fo r e
’
. .

se v e n .

E . L esestu c k : D er turkisc he G esa nd t e i n L o nd on wo hnt e

i t
e ns l e b ha ft e n F ub bal l spiel b e i E r fo lgt e d e m Spi e l
i
e ne m .

mi t grO lSe m I nt e r esse A ls es v o rii b e r w ar frag t e i hn se i n

.
,

Be gl e i t er : N un w a s d e n k en Sic vo m Fulbb al l spiel ?

“
D er
”
,

G esan d t e a n t w o rt et e I c h b in n o c h n i c ht i m kl a r en d aru b er
fur e i n Spi el sc he i n t es 1n ir e in b c heh z u v i e l und fii r c i ne
Sc hla c ht ein b ilbc hen z u weni g
”
.

L E S S O N XXX VIII

1 61 . P os ses s i v e P ronouns . T he y a re fo r me d as fo ll o ws fr o m
the t
s em s o f the c orr espo nd i ng po ssessi v e j ct i v es
ad e

1 . W i t h end i ngs o f bieier m o d el ,

w i ho u
t a rt i cl e (se e t 31,
2 W i th d efi ni t e a rticl e a nd wea k adj ect i v e e n d i ngs
 GER MA N GR A M MA R 1 62
1
52

Ma se . Fe m . N eut .

N . ber i
a rc ne bie rneine bub rneine
G . beb mei ni gen , 2c . ber mei nen, zc . beb mei nen, te .

bie mei nen

ber mei nen, tr .

Wi th d e fi ni t e rt i cl e a n d e nd n i —i w ea k end ngs i
3 . a g g

M a sc . Fe m . N eut .

N . ber aneinige bie mei nige bub rneini ge

G . beb rneinigeu, z c . ber rneinigen, 2c . beb rneinigeu,

Plum ] .

bie ni einigeu

ber i neinigen, z r .

NO TE .
—I h i
uu ri ge a n d t l l l
‘ ‘

i ge the e of the t
s em is a lw ya s om itt ed .

1 62 Use of P os sess i v e P r onoun s .

Der {g ut i it mei ner (ber mei ne, T he ha t i s m i n e

‘
. .

ber rneinige ) .

S ci) abe
b mei nen lj ut, uber ii e I ha v e m y h a t, b u t she ha s no t

b ( b
ut
en) i br(i g) en ni b
c t . he r s .

O BSERV E t hr ee fo r m s gi v e n i n the p r ev i o us se cti o n

: 1 . T he
a r e i n t e rc ha n ge a b l e w i t ho u t d i ffe r e nc e O f m ea n i ng the fi r s t
, (o r ,

s ho rt e st o r m b e i ng the m o s t u sua l
) f .

2 T he s t e m o f the po ssessi v e p r o no un d e pe nd s o n the

.

e n d e r n um b e r a n d pe r so n o f i ts a n t e c ed e n t
g , ,
.

NO T ES . 1 . iv
A po ss ess e p o n use d as p e d ca e m a y a so ha r . r i t l v e the

uni n fl e c t e d fo r b iele Bii clut ii nb iei n, T he se b o o s a re is

m: fi S ‘
k h ’ ‘
.

W . Ob se rve the f ll o o w ng i i di o ma

My
ti c u se s o f th e

ily
f e n d s, fa m , e tc ; S d) merbe
ri
i
po s s ess v e p o n o u n Q i e r
E
lli eiufi gfl bi e ( h is )
’
u, .

m
bub E el ufi gfl tun, I sh a ll d o m y pa rt .
’
1 54 G ER MA N GR AM MA R 1 63

meini ge ii t Si nd) ei nmal tand) i e iie unter unb

“
uub Giien .

er id) ien ini t ber ri d) tigen QBeil bu io ebrli d) gemeien bi it,

.

mi ll i d) bir and) bie go ne unb bie iil berne e t id) enl en “

,

ib ) i i r b i i b g l b b f b 1
’
d g b n t b ue un tg 3 1 ben
a e r
fi o a
ra e a .
g r e r
’

©ei nen gur ud .

B (Emi l mad) t j ebt Eoil ette

.
guerit giebt er ben M uab . .

gunad) it muid uer ii d) iargiul ti g bi e g unbe unb bub (b eii d u

'
.

© unn bii ritet er bie guba e unb fummt ii d) bie Sj uure ®eiter n .

gerri b i bm ein E li agel ben bi nd g enre mi rb er mobl ei nen .

ua ber a ungieben mii iien Bur l bi it bu fer ti g uub gugeben ? .

, ,

3 d) 3iebe mir ib eben ben l l bergieber unb bie Q anbid mbe un .

i ti enn b reunbe einunber begegnen io nebmen iie ben g ut ab ,

ober geben ii d) bie Q anb SDub Z rottoir i ii beute iebr gl utt ; .

mun fonnte l eid) t uub gl eiten unb ii d) bub S ei n br ed) en

''

C C o n ti nu e : 1
. Sl i ir i it bie bl gt aub ber g anb gegl i tten .
,

bir 2c ,
2
S d) babe mi r id) nel l ben fli ed ungegogen bu
. .
,

bir 2c , 3 3 d) wer be mi r j ebt bie 53 am muicben bu

. . bir , ,

2c 4 3 d) bin uub gegl itten unb bube mir eiu 23ein gebrud) en
. .
,

bu bir z c 5 3 d) wi ll bub Sl i ei nige tun bu , bub

. .
,

fib einige, 2c .

D . 1 . T he w o o d c u tt er r i v e r a nd w ept sa t o n the b a nk of a

a l o ud 2 A w a t er —
spri t e a pp e a r e d an d sa i d
. . W ha t has hap
p en ed to yo u ? Why a re yo u w e e pi ng ? r epl i ed t ha t ”

his ax e had sli ppe d fr o m his ha n d a n d to th e ri v er .

4 T he unhappy m a n ha d n o a x e a n d c o u l d e a rn n o b r e a d fo r
.
,

hi s [fa m ily] po n the s pri t e d i v e d a nd b rought

.

u p a S ilv e r a x e hi m if t hi s a x e w a s hi s
.
7 He . .

sa i d i t w a s no t his si n c e hi s w a s o f i r o n 8 T he n she sho w ed

, . .

hi m a go l d a x e w hi c h sh e ha d b r o u ght up o u t O f the wa t er , .

w as v e ry ho n e s t a n d w o ul d n o t a cc e p t t hi s ,

n te d o n ly at w as l ast
one .
[ w h ] h i s
[o w n
] 1 1 A t . .

S he b r 1 p his a n d
g a v e i t t o hi m .

E . 1 . T hi s b o o k i s m i n e . 2 . I ha v e m y p en c i l , a nd you
hav e y o ur s .

N E m il ha s ea e n t hi s pe a r a nd a l so (a) pa rt o f
g 1 64 ] L ESSO N xx x rx

m i ne 4 l o v es his o w n [ r el a t i v es
E v e ry bo d y H enry
W
. .
, ,

hav e yo u w a she d y o ur fa c e a nd c o m b e d y o u r h e

sha k e ha n d s wi t h o n e a n o t he r 7 H o w d i d R o b e rt b r ea k hi s
. .

l eg ? O ff y o ur ha t E m il bx H en ry ha s t o r n m y
,
.
,

coat . o n y o u r gl o v es \ I\ A s t o ne fell . o n my .

t hurt m e v e ry m uc h
‘
2 . .

F . Qeieitutf
G tebt ein Rirdfl ein im Q or i,
g b
e t ber QB eg br an b arbei ,

unb bie 3; ii bner bie mad) en ,

um QBeg ein Gi eidj rei .

l i nb ber E ugen b ul l S
g eu,
ber l b mmt b un ber l ieie,
’
‘ i

unb oben buruui

ii gi ber fj aub
. unb bie Qieie .

Q ie j abel n unb

unb l ud) en ul l e beib ,

’

unb bub fl ingt bur d) ben meub ,

eb i it ei ne 8 r eub"

l i nb mur i d) ber Ronig

’
,

gl ei d) mii r i d) bubei
’

unb nubme 3a m i br an mi r
“

ei nen i Bugen b oll S en .

Robert Si ei ui d
”
.

L E S S O N XXX I X
Degr ees of Co m pa ri s on .

Co pa m nz 'e
'

r ei d) er
neu er

iii ber
br ei t er
 GE R MAN GR AM MA R

P os i ti ve . Ca nzpa m ti ne . S nperl a ti ve .

le
ebel , n o b it ebl er ebel

teuer d ea r , tea r er teuer it

mii be tir ed ,
mi l be r mil be it
ungenebm ag r eea b l e ungenebm er
, angenebm it

i)
d n ell q uickly , id mell er i d) ne ll it
O BS ERV E : 1 A dj e ct iv es a nd a d v er b s fo r m t he i r c o m pa r a tiv e
.

a nd su pe rl a tiv e s t e m s by a d d i ng — ( e) r a nd ( e) it to the po si tiv e -

st e m .

2 .St e m s en d i ng i n a v o w e l (e x c ep t e) a si b i l an t — b o r t re , ,
-
,

t a i n e i n the supe rl a tiv e .

3 .T ho s e in e l —en —c r d r o p e i-n the st e m O f the c o m a r

, , p ,

a tiv e .

4 .T ho se i n —
e a dd —r a n d —i o nly
i .

5 T he e nd i ngs a re a d d e d r e ga r d l ess o f l engt h

. .

1 65 . U m l aut i n Monosy l l a b l es .

grab gr ea t , gr a ber gra b( ei) t fl a g ,

w se i fl uger fl ugit
arm po o r , ii rmer ti r mit i
b t, o f e n t li fter biteit

O BSERV E M o st : m o no syll a bl e s w i t h a, ( no t a, u an ) in the

st e m t a k e um l a u t ; fo r ex c e pti o ns , s ee d ict i o na ry .

1 66 . I rr egul a r Com pa r i s on .

bul b, b b b r ebeit
bbber bod) it od) , h i gh
'

e e, so o n e e

ger n(e) gl a d ly , nube n ea r nuber l i eber l iebit

nud) it ,

gut go o d w ell be er be t b i el m uc h mebr mei it

if f
, , ,

rab bi w ell , weni g li ttl e minber minbeit ,

N O T ES —1 mebr n d mi nber a
. i n ari ab l e
. a re v .

2 weni g ha usu l ly th r g l r fo rm lueui ger l veui git

s a e e u a s , .

1 67 . Decl en s i on of Compar ati v e a nd S up er l ati v e .

Gin il ei bigerer d i er . A m o r e d ili gen t pupi l .

fib er il ei bigere g tbii l er . T he m o r e d ili ge nt pupi l .

fi ber l ei i te © c ii l er T he m o st d il i gen t pupi l

f b gi b . .
 GE R MA N GR AM MA R

sup e rl a t i v e ad e j ct iv e is e x p esse d r in the pr e d i c a t e b y the fo r m

w i th ant, whi c h i s a sol the su pe rl a tiv e fo r m o f the a d v e r b .

3 . If a n o un c a n li ed fr o m the c o n t ex t the s uperl a

be su p p ,

t iv e i s ex pr esse d i n the pr e d ic a t e b y the d e fi n i t e a rticl e the

s u pe rl a ti v e w i t h a dj e ct i v e i n fl e cti o n .

N O T E —T h e su p rl a dj i s r g l l y pr c d d by the d f a t
e . th r . e u ar e e e e . r . or o e

d t r m i na tive
e e .

1 70 . T h e S uperl ati v e A b s ol ute .

Gr l it auberit gi l ti g . H e is m o st ( c e e d i n ly
g ) k i
exn d .

a ct ed m o s t w i s ely
(E
rr
but iebr fl ug gebunbel t . H e ha s .

O BS ERV E E ngli s h
i nd ic a ti ng a q uali ty in m o st , v e ry h i gh
’
a

d egr ee b ut w i t ho u t c o m pa r a t iv e fo rc e i s e x pr e sse d
, ,
i n G er m a n
by a n a d v e r b o f e m i ne nc e .

NO T ES . 1 . T he s u pe rl . l t v
a b so u e o f a d s . ma y b e r
e x p esse d a so l b y li q
( = uui bub) r e fix e d s up rl a d j (Er beiorgt a ll eb uu ib beitc, He
‘
p to a e . . : r

a tt e n ds to e v r y t hi n g i
e n the b st p e i bl m o ss e a n n er .
’
2 . A dv s . in —ig —l id) , ,

ium, a n d a fe w m o n o syll s use the u n i n fl e cte d fo rm i n the s upe rl a b so l ut e

.
, .

Gr l i bt ireuubl i cbit grii bel l H e w i sh e s to b e m o s t ki n d l y r e m em b e re d ;

,
’

bbd fit, l ii ngit, m o st hi ghl y l o ng si nc e 3 A fe w s upe rl a d vs e n d i n

‘ ’
. . . .
,

4 11 8 ith p i l m n i g
w s ec a mo t ; m ei iteub
ea f th n s s
’
,
‘
or e

m t p rt ; W h l t 4 Th r i l o
’ ‘ ’
os a s or e as . . e e s a s

a c mp r b s l ut e (Sin l ii ugercr © pu3i ergaug A s m ew ha t l o ng w al k ‘ ’

o a . a o : o .
,

E X E R C I S E X XX I X
iebr b i el gerei it a i d) t mai n { i n
G ie baben , ,

amobl uber i iai itenb in (E ur opa Gl uuben G ie nicbt bu

p ,
b .
,

mun uui ameri funiid) en (Siienbubnen id) nell er unb bequemer

r i it al b in (Eurobu ?
e — Ji ein id) nell er a i d) t ; bie id mell iten
‘
,

m m m — ll nb wie
g gii e tri fft an in G gn l u n b i i g
a a t un eni gi g
t n b , .

—
i it b i n $runfreid fi
e S ) m
’l ud ber © d el l u
3 g n ba Gul ui b uud)
ib u rib g b
e ur t 5a b en i)
d n e l l i n
te b r ib el t — i3inben ©ie bie .
~

fl einen bl bteil e a i d) t bud) it unungenébm in meId) e bie eurobu=

'

iicben (Siienbubnmugen ei ngetei l t iinb ? — €li id)t im geringiten ;

'

im Gegentei l , man rei it uui bi t ie ‘Ib eiie b i el rubiger unb mir b .

 1 7 0 ] L ESSO N X XX I X I 59

Diet wenige b un ben I li itrei enben

s r i geitort ul b bei unb ©iub , .

uniere © d) l uimugen a i d) t beiier ul b bie (b rbber

ireilid) ita b ite uber in ben © d) l ai magen bruben baben j e 3mei
’

SRei ienbe ei nen bl bteil iii r iid) mu iie uuib bequemite id) l aien ,

unb and) i bre z b il tt mad) n i bnn n —

e e e e 3 n 23e3ug uui bie .

Qi eibrberung beb Gepud b baben la ir eb bi er bod) mit uniern

Gebud id ninen bequemer a i d) t tnub — Sin l anb i nbet
r ?
3 n ( g, i
man all erbingb bleie Ginri m tung uui iebr weni gen Bugen ,

uber in ben mei iten eurobaiid) en banber a erbul t ber E li ei

'

i b j b im m r i (Si ebud icbein Rana man bur t

'

e n e e t e e n en .

ebenio bi ll i g rei ien mie bi er ? @ ogar bi ll i ger menu mun

,
-
,

3meiter ober britter fi l aiie ii brt ; am bi lligiten unb am l ung

s

i a m iten fu b rt m un m i t b em i ogenu nn ten t

n e l
d) er an j eber (S tation unbult S e l ungiamer mun ii brt beito .
,

m — ib eiten fDanl ij err

i
b g i b
ll i r i t iiir S bre bbd) it
’
e r an , .

intereiiunte il l i itteil ung .

B O r a l ex e rci se o n the a b o v e
. .

C . c o m pa r a t iv e a nd supe rl a t i v e fo r ms r espe ct iv ely in

I nse rt
the b l a nk s : 1 3 d) bin mi l be bu biit er i it D ie br ei te
"
.
,
2 .

© tr abe bie , © trabe bie G tra be ,3 Q Bir arbei ten gut . .

,

i br ar beitet iie ar bei ten 4 3 d) ipiel e weni g bu ipiel it .

,

Burl ipiel t 5 (Si ne ungenebme Si eiie ei ne Si ei ie

‘
.
, ,

li eiie 6 Si l ar a i ii fla g Sl i arie i it a ber S arl l it

il
bie S
'
. .
,

D r .

g
fi n d tra v elli ng (bub Si eiien) m o s t i n t e r est i ng
T r av e lli ng i s m o st agr ee a b l e i n su m m e r he d a y s a re .
.

ge s t t he n o ne c a n see mo r e a n d i t i s
, pl easa n t e r
, .

4 I lik e to t a k e a so m ew ha t l o ng j o ur ne y b y ( gu) w a t e r
. .

5 T he fa s t es t
. m e r s go i n l ess t ha n fi ve d a y s fr o m N e w Y o rk
to Eu r o pe .e rm a n s tr a v e l a gr e a t d ea l b ut i n t hi s c o un try ,

pe o pl e tr a v e l mo re c a n tr a v e l se c o n d c l ass v e ry
.

c o m fo rt a b ly in Euro pe pe o pl e (bie mei iten beute) in

.

G e r ma n y tr a v e l se c o nd the w e a lt hi e s t 9 O ve r . .

t her e yo u (man) c a n t ra v e l as c o mfo rt a bly sec o nd class as fi rs t

 GE R MA N G RA M MA R

cl a ss in A mer i c a 1 0 Besi d es i t i s m uc h c hea pe r . . Y ou ,

.

c a n tr a v e l c he a pes t t hi r d cl a ss b ut the m i x e d tr a i n s ( “ B nen ,

O ft en go v e ry sl o wly
u
g g ,
nz
) . .

E ( 1 T he E u ro pe an e x pr e ss tr a i n s are a m o ng (gebot en 3a)

. .
‘

the fas t es t i n the wo rl d i t no t v ery d i sa gr e ea bl e to .

tr a v el w i t h b a ggage ? 73 N o t a t a l l ; i n m o st c o untri e s yo u ‘
.

n o w ge t c he ck s 4 I ii E ngl a nd ho w e v er t hi s a rr an ge m en t i s
. .
, ,

fo un d o n v e ry fe w tr a i ns 5 I fi n d the c o m pa rt m e nt s m o st . .

pl e a sa n t L QX Y o u a re m uc h l e ss d i st ur b ed b y y o ur ( the) fell o w
.

tr a v e ll e r s 7 7) T he E uro pea n sl ee pi ng c a r s a re sm all er t han

. .
-

o u r s b u t o n e c a n a t l ea st sl e e p m o s t c o m fo rt a b ly i n t he m
, a I .

ho pe to b e a b l e to t a k e a tri p to E ur o pe n ex t su mm e r
w i ll fi n d tr a v ell i n g j u st as c hea p a s in A m er i c a a n d n o t l ess
@ Y ou .

c o m fo rt a bl e 1 0 I n G e r m a ny a s i n A m e ri c a the fa rt he r yo u
. .
,

tr a v e l the m o r e i t c o st s .

P . Le sestuc k : I c h pa ck e m e i n e n K o ffe r u nd m e i ne H a n d
t a sc he I c h m i e t e e i n e n W agen I c h fa hr e n a c h d em Ba hn
. .

ho f . I c h b e z a hl e d e n K ut sc he r I c h gehe a n d e n Sc ha lt e r . .

I c h l o se ci ne F a hrk a rt e n a c h Be rli n I c h ru fe e i n en G epé c k .

tréi ge r .I c h ge b e rnei n G epac k a u f I c h b e k o m m e e i ne n .

c ac ksc hein I c h tr et e i n d e n W a rt esa a l . I c h w a rt e a u f d ie .

A b fa hrt ( l e s Z uges I c h ge he a u f d e n Ba hn s t e i g . I c h s t e i ge .

i n e i ne n W a ge n I c h se tz e m i c h De r Z ug fahrt ab
. . .

L E SSON X L

17 1 . Co m poun d T ens es of Mod a l A ux i l i a r i es . 1 . T he fo l

l o w i ng c o nd e nse d pa ra d i gm i ll us tra t e s the c o m po und t ense
fo r m s o f the m o d a l a ux il i a ri e s ( i nc l ud i ng l uiien) w i t h a go v e r ne d
i nfi n i t i v e
P eff l mi z e id) babe ibiel en burieu l bunen
’

. . i nogen z c , , ,
.

bu bait
P erf S ubj . i d) babe .

bu babeit
P l upf I n d i e i d) butte
. .

P/l /pf S u bj i d) butte

. .
 G ER MAN GR AM MA R

Gr i ugte, bub er eb nid) t babe He sa i d t ha t he ha d no t c a r ed

tun mbgen .
to do i t .

QBenn er bii tte fommen woll en I f he had w an t ed to c o m e . .

w i i b i d w r b I d n t k no w w he t he r I shall
’
d
S ) e b n d i
) , 0 ) e e o

fommen tonnen b e a b l e to c o m e
’ ’

. .

173 . Va ri ou s U s es of Mod al s . T he fo ll o w i ng se ct i o ns con

t a i n fo r r e fer enc e
, ,
e xa m pl e s of the i d i omat i c u ses o f th e m o d al
a ux il i a r i es .

174 .
ib urieu .

$0 q i d) fr agen, mub er mill May I a sk t

w ha he w an t s
b urite i d) G ie bi tten M i gh t I r e q ue s t yo u
ib n buri it j ebt geben .
Y o u m a y go n o w .

ib ub biirfte fd) 0 n fei n . T ha t m ight po ssi bly b e .

3 d) bur i bebuupten, bub bieie I v entu r e to a ss e rt t ha t t hi s

Starbri d unid) t mabr i it . n ews is no t tr ue .

fDub bat f id) ni d) i I a m no t a ll o w ed to d o t ha t

‘

. .

O BSERV E : 1 —3 i nd i c a t e pe r m i ssi o n ; 4, 5 , m o d est a sse rt i o n ;

6 S ho ws the l t
a b so u e u se .

N OT E .
—® ur ien r end e s r th e E n g li s h ‘
m a y, m gh i t ’
i n qu es ti o n s, as in
1 a nd 2 a b o v e .

17 5 .
Si ouucu .

S d) butte tut umen i bnnen I ld ha v e co me

' ' '

. c ou .

Dub funn ieln T ha t m ay b e

‘
.
. .

l
fi fii l tunn bie ? el ti on nid) t H e d o esn t k no w the l esso n
‘
‘
’
. .

3d ) babe a i d) t gel aunt . I ha v e no t b e en ab e l .

O BS ERV E : 1 d e no t es ab i lity ; 2, po ss i b i l i ty ; 3 , the tra nsi tiv e

us e 4 a b so l u t e use
,
.

176 . illi ogeu .

ll i dge ber ijgimmel bab geben !

E May H ea v en gra nt t ha t '

8 d) ni bcbte gern bl ei ben . I l d li k e to st a y

S ho u .

fi t but nie ar bei ten tnbgen H e has n e v e r lik e d w o rk i ng .

8 d) but te bub ieben in bgen . I sho u l d lik e to ha v e seen t ha t .

Du mugit ben 23all bebul ten Y o u m ay k ee p the b a ll

‘
. .
 ‘
l‘ @ ie mfidfig n iid) bod) mobl P e r ha ps yo u a re m i s t a k en af e t r
irr en . al l .

Gr mag gebn S abr e al t iein . H e m a y b e ten y ea r s o l d .

{g ab mag iein , T he y m a y b e (b u t I d o ub t i t) .

S ) m
d bi f 8 nd) ni d) t t l i k e t hi s b o o k I do n
’
I e eb 5 .

S d) gebe mor gen uub, pg eb m I a m go i n g o ut to m o rr o w -

r egnen obgt ni d) t ‘
w he t h e r i t r a i n s o r n o t
. .

Q
{ m
E i le bem uud) iein mag N o m a tt e r ho w t ha t m a y b e . .

O BSERV E : 1 d e no t e s a w i sh ; 2 —4 pr e fe r en c e o r liki ng ; ,

5 p ,
e r m i ss i on 6 m o d est a ss e rti o n 7 8
,
c o n c ess i o n 9 tr a n , , ,

si tiv e u se ; 1 0 1 1 sp e c i a l i d i o m s , ,
.

N O T E — T h a d v b gcrn fu t h r m ph i s th i d
e er f li ki ng r r e e as z e e ea o o

pr efer e e nci n th , das m pl b v e se c o n e xa e a o e.

17 7 . Sbi uiien .

QI ll e Sl i enitben mii iien iterben . A l l m e n m us t d i e .

S d) babe uubgeben mii iien . I ha v e ha d to go o ut .

S n Si am ma b eb fd) bn iein . I t m ust b e b e a u ti ful i n R o m e .

66mub febt fal t gemeien iein, I t m us t ha v e b een v ery c o l d

‘

bu ber G ee ga geiroren i ii . as the l ak e is fr o z en o v e r .

S d) babe gemubt . I ha v e b ee n ob l i ge d to .

O BSERV E : 1 d e n o t es ity 2 c o m pul si o n b y a no t he r

n e ess c ,

per so n 3 , 4, i nfe r enc e 5 ab so l u t e use ,

.

NO TE .
‘
To b e b li g d
o m p ll d ft r a n eg tiv i n S i m pl e t e n
e , co e e ,
’
a e a e se s,

is us u a ll y r en d e re d by br and) en : Er br a nd) t ni d) t 3a geben H i n t ,

‘
e s o

ob li g ed to go .
’

17 8 . S oll en .

® u foll it nid) t taten . Tho u shalt no t kill .

61 fall nid) t uubgeben

’

. H e Sha ll no t go o ut .

(S t butte geben i oll en . He o ugh t to ha v e go ne .

QBub full geid) eben W ha t i s to b e d o ne ?

fib ab i ol l te id) tun ? W ha t w a s I to d o ?

r i i d to b e v ery ric h
’

Q G r i i b
oll e r e d) iein . H e is sa .

S d) wei b nid) t, mub id) ioll I d o n t k n o w w ha t I a m to d o

’
.
.

QBenu er fummen ioll te I f he sho ul d ( we r e to ) c o m e .

fi ,
% ab i ol l b ub 9
€W \ W ha t d o es t ha t mean ?
 GE R MAN GR AM M A R

O BSERV E : 1 ,
2 d eno t e c o mm an d ; 3 d u ty o r o b li ga ti o n ; ,

4, 5 , i i
sub m ss o n O f the spea k er s w ill 6 st a t e m e n t no t v o u c he d
’
,

fo r b y the sp ea k er ; 7 a b s o l u t e u se
,
8 c o nd i t i o na l use ; ,

9 ,
spe c i al i d i o m .

179 . QBoll en .

S r mill a i d) t gebord) en H e won t ( r efuses ) o be y

’
. to .

(Er wi ll mor gen abreiien . H e m ean s to go to -m o rr o w .

rr m
(E oll te eben geben . H e w as j u st abo u t to go .

SDab Gib mi ll br ed) en . ns to b r e ak .

mi ll in S nbien gemeien at he ha s b een

i in
e . I nd i a .

d) mi ll bub 2i nd) nid) t I d on t t the boo k

’
. wa n .

S ) b
d a b e ni d) i gelb ol l t . I didn
’
t wan t to .

O BSE RV E : 1 d eno t es
ill o n the pa rt o f the sub exe rt i o n of w
cet 2 i n t en t i o n ; 3 4 i m p e n d i ng a ct i o n o r e v en t ; 5 a ss e r
j , , , ,

t i o n o r cl a i m no t v o u c he d fo r b y the speak er 6 tr ansi t i v e use ,

7 a b so l u t e us e
,
.

1 80 .

Qaiien G ie unb fot tgel) en L et us y w

‘

.
go a a .

ill i an but ibn rgben l uiien . H e ha s b e en a ll o w ed to spea k .

SDer Q uubtmunn l i eb ben T he c ap t a i n o r d e r e d the so l d i er

G ol baten beitruien . to b e pun i she d .

g S d) l i eb bub SBud) binben . I had the b oo k b oun d .

6b l ubt ii d) a i d) t l eugnen . I t c a nn o t b e d e n i e d .

(5b l i bt ii d) l ei d) t mad) en . I t i s easi ly d o ne .

O BSE RV E : i m per a t i v e use ; 2

1 , , per m i ssi o n ; 3 , 4, c a usa t i v e
u se ; 5 , 6, i m pe r so n al r e fl exi v e use .

NO TE A ft r l aiicu th i fi it iv
. e e n n e o f tr a ns itiv e ve rb s ha s pass iv e fo r c e,

as i n e xa mpl s 3 4 5 6 ab v
e , , , , o e .

E X E RCI S E XL

A . us i d) jung mar, fonnte i d) iebr gut

a M i en
fn
a . 2 .

S d) bi tte geitern i ub I beater geben I bnnen, menu id)

 G ER MA N GR A M MAR

m o c ht e heut e ger n spa z i e r en gehen 8 I c h hab e d as n i c h t

. .

tun w o en ll .
9 . I c h m uli es wo hl ge t an ha b en 10 D as m ag . .

ic h v iell ei c ht gesa gt hab e n .

D . I c o ul d wr i t e b e tt e r if I ha d b e tt e r pe n 2a Y ou . .

ha v e ne e v r b ee n ab e l to w ri te w ell 3 I sho ul d ha v e ha d
. .

to s t ay a t ho m e i f I had n t d o ne ’
m y e x erci se s 4 I sho ul d n o t . .

ha v e b e en ab l e to go w i t h yo u to d a y 5 A s [ a ] c hi l d I d i d n t
’
-
. .

l i k e to go to sc ho o l but I ha d to 6 I ha v e no t c a r e d to go ,
. .

o ut to d a y T h c hi l d r r v r ll o w e d to s t a y u p
’

-
7 ese . e n w e e
. n e e a

l a t e 8 I m i ght st a y u p l a t e t hi s e v en i ng if I w an t ed to
. .
, .

S h a ll w e b e a ll o w e d to go o u t to m o rr o w ? l to T h e t ea c he r - '
9 . .

sa i d w e o ught n o t to go o ut i n ( bei t i s c o l d w ea t he r
) h .

1 1 . W her e I S the o v erc o a t w hi c h yo u ha ve ha d m a d e 1 2 T he .

t a i lo r w ill ha v e i t se n t to me to mo rr o w 1 3 H e ha s no t b een - . .

a b l e to se n d i t to d a y -
.

E M ary c o ul d hav e w ritt e n her exe rc i se if she ha d

. 1 .
,

w an t ed to 2 C ha rl es ha s ha d to w ri t e his
. .
3 W e a l way s ha d . .

to c o py o u r e x erci se s wh en w e ha d d o ne t he m b a d ly 4 W hen . .

I w a s y o ung I c o ul d ha v e l ea r n t G e r m a n b u t I w o ul d n t
’
.
, ,

N o w I s ho ul d l ik e to l e a r n i t i f I c o ul d b ut I c a n t f
’

5 . 6 I , . .

the w ea t he r ha d b ee n c o l d w e sho u l d ha v e b e e n c o m p ell ed to ,

s t a y a t ho m e 7 W e h a v e n e v e r b ee n a ll o w e d to st a y o ut
. .

l a t e 8 We al wa y s had to c o m e ho m e ea rli e r t ha n we l ik ed
. . .

9 Y o u sho ul d ha v e d r e ss ed m o r e wa r m ly
. 10 T he w ea t he r . .

ha s c hanged a nd yo u m i gh t e a si ly hav e c a ught c o l d Do n t

’

,
1 1 . .

p l a y w he n vo u s ho ul d s t u d y 1 2 T h i s m a n i s s a i d to ha v e . .

l ea r nt G er m a n b ut he k no ws no t hi ng O f i t 1 3 H e pr et e nd s
,
. .

to ha v e b ee n tw o y ea r s i n G e r m a n y 14 W he r e is the ho use . .

w hi c h t hi s ge n tl e m a n ha s had b uilt fo r hi m s el f ?

F . D e r D ic ht e r G i l b e rt b e gegn e t e e i ne s T a ge s
L e sestuc k :

e i n e m a ufge r e g t en H e rr n, d e r i hn fr ag t e :
“
H ab en Sic e i nen
H e rr n m i t ei ne m A u ge n a m e ns B .
gesehc n ?
” “
N e i n,
”

e r w i d e rt e G i l b e rt ,
w ie hei li t d e nn e i gen tl i c h s e i n a nd e e s r
Auge ?
”
 L ES S O N X LI 67
1 83 ] 1

L E SS ON X L I

1 81 . Decl en s i on of P l a ce N ames .

1
N . ber Si bein, the R hi ne . j V bie .
© d) lb ei5, S w i tz erl a n d .

G . beb Si bein(e) b . G . ber G dnneig .

D . bem S
l i bein(e) . D . ber © cblvei3 .

A . ben Si bein . A . bie (Ca binets .

N .
Q eutid flunb, G er ma ny . N . .
S erl iu
B ,
Berl i n .

erl inb
b i unbb
d fl G S
”
G . eut . . .

O BSERV E : 1 . Pr o p e r n a m es f pl a c es w hi c h a re n e v e r u sed
o

w i ho u
t t an a rti cl e 10 8) a re d ecli n e d lik e c o m m o n n o un s .

2 . If no t g e ne a r lly u se d w i th an arti c l e o r d e t e r m i na tiv e ,

t he y t a k e n o e nd ng e x i c e pt —b i n the ge n it iv e s i ngul a r .

NO TE . 231m m a y r e pl a c e t hi s g e m, an d t
m us d o so if the n o un e nd s in
s i b il a n t tr t ri
‘
Q i e G truben nan Bari b, ee s of Pa ’
a : T he s s .

1 82 . A ppos i ti on .

N . bie G tabt bonbon, the Breuben ci ty N . bub Rbnigrei d) ‘

,

o f L o nd o n the Ki n gd o m o f Pr uss i a
. .

G ber G tubt Sonbon

. G beb fi buigrei d) b ‘Breuben . . .

O BS ERV E W hen a pl a c e n a m e is d e fi ne d b y a c o m m o n n o u n
r e c ed i ng i t the two n o u ns a re i n a ppo s i t i o n b ut the c o m m o n
p , ,

n o un o n ly i s i n fl e ct e d .

N O T E — T h w o r d S l a b i r g ul rl y m itt d i n n m es o f riv rs : fib er
. e s e a o e a e

bi bei n bi e GIbe T he ( riv er) Rhi n Elb ‘ ’

, , e, e.

1 83 . Adj ecti v es an d Nouns of Na t i onal i ty .

—1 . A dj e ct i v es
o f na ti o na l i ty e n d i n —iid) , ex c e pt bentid) and a re used sub ,
~

sta n tiv e l y o nly o f the l a n gua ge b ei ng t he n w ritt e n w i t h a c a pitu

l ,

SDeutid) ; SranSbiiid) G e r m an Fr e n c h (the l a nguage)

. .

TE NO . T he y a re l
a so w ritt e n w it h a ca it l
p a w hen fo m r i ng part of a

pr per n ame : E ub fDetttfcbe illi eel T he r

Ge m a n O c ea n ’
‘ ‘
o ,
.
1 68 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 1 83

A ft e r the p r e po si t i o n uui, l a ngua ge n a me s are use d w i t h

2 .

o ut a rticl e, a nd r e m a i n u n d e cli n e d a ft e r o t he r
pr epo s i ti o ns
t he y t a k e the a rti cl e ,
a n d a re d e cli n ed

b eutid) ; int ® eutid) en

?l uf C . I n G e r ma n .

N o uns O f na ti o n ali ty e n d e i t he r i n e ( fi nube m o d el) o r

'

-
3 .
,

in — er (Smul el ‘

m o d e l ) e x c ep t l beutid) w hi c h fo ll o w s the a dj ec
,
f
A
,

tiv e d ec l en sio n
/ i ” j

Q el Srungoie; élu T he Fr en c hm a n ; a Pr ussi a n

‘

(Sin A n E ngli s hm a n ( A m er i c a n) .

© er Q eutidn; eiu Q eut id ur . T he G e r m a n a G e r m a n .

T E —T h Eng pl ur dj ti l n u i d i ti ng al l p pl e o f p
NO e . . a ec va o n, n ca eo a ar

ti ul a r n a ti n lit y i s
c lw y
o a
pt i th , s o f Q eutid) r n d r d i n
a a s, exc e n e ca e ,
e e e

G erm n by th n a f n ti lit y D i e Sruugoien fi a b l ebbufter ul b bi e

e oun o a o na :
‘

(bugl uuber ober bi e iDeutia T h e Fr e n h m or iva c i us tha n the

'
‘ ‘
, c a re e v o

E ngli h o r th e G rm n
’
s e a s .

E X E RC I S E XLI

A(Emu ber Qanbfurte 3a itubieren ) SDub fib eutid n Si eid)

. .
‘
,

ober Q eutid dunb l tl ie eb gelb bbnl id) bei bt i it im m

, urben b an ber ,

Si orbiee b an SDi nemurf unb b ou ber D itiee begrengt ; im D iten

,

b un S Rubl unb unb S itel reim l l ngurn ; itl bl id) b an S iterreid) unb
'
‘
s

ber ® d) lb ei3 ; bie lneitl id) e (Si renge bil ben Sruni reid) S el gien ,

unb ©0 ll ua ® ub Q eutidu fli ei d) lnurbe l tl ii brenb beb beutidy

‘

frungbiiid) en Rriegeb im S abr e 1 8 7 1 gegriinbet unb i b il bel m

ber Gr ite fi bnig b an breuben l b urbe bumul b ul b eriter
,
c
,

© eutirber Rul ier broil amiert (Sb umfabt b i er fi bnigreicbe .

ni mli d) i
breuben S abern G ud fien QBii rttemberg unb neun, , ,

gebn l l einere G taaten iomie bie br ei fr ei en E li ei d) b itubte S

, j uln , .

bur g S t emen unb Qubed

, SDie S j aubtitubt SDeutid flunbb .
,

fu l nie b eb R b nig re i d) b
b i re
u b e n i i B
t ‘ er l i n
{Ber l i n ii bertrifft ,
. .

id ) on an d ia mo b n er gu bl bi e © t ub t B
‘ u r i b i it u b e r nod) a i d) t in ,

g b
r a m ie b ie ( 5 tu bt a b o n (D ie S uu t tubt éBa ernb i t
<
j bi b i . .

l li und un unb bei bt auf (Sngl iid) E

E l li unicb SDie g auptitubt
'

, " .
 GE R MA N GR A MMA R

Sieb SBaterIanb, mugit r ubi g iein !

?seft itebt unb tr eu bie 23 a am mbein ! m
® o Iang eiu i rfipflein Qi tut nod) gtii bt,
’

920 th ei ne $auft ben SDegen si eht ,

unb nod) ein QIrm bie QSti d fle fpannt

'

fiBetri tt fei n geinb bi er bei nen © tranb !

Q er G EcImmr erfcbafl t bie fi oge ri nnt , ,

D ie gun men fl atter n bod) im SlBinb ,

QIm Si bein, am seam am beutidj en mbein , ,

i Bir ail e molten {s i tter ieiu l

L E SS ON X L II

1 84 . Or d i nal s .

© er gtneite, b iet te, funfte t ag . T he c o nd fo urt h fi ft h d a y

se , ,
.

SDaé erfte, bri tte, ud) te Q i mh T he fi r st t hi r d e i ght h c hi l d

T o—
, ,
. .

j
S
. eute i ft ber bunbertunbfii n fte d a y is the hun d r e d a n d
I ug S b beé a reé . fi ft h d a y o f the y ea r .

weununbgmangigfter EBanb . T we n ty n i n t h v o l u m e -
.

(E f
f r tené bt i ttené I n the fi r st pl a c e t hi r d ly
‘

.
, .
,

O BSERV E : I T he s t e m o f o r d i n a l a dj e ctiv e s 13 fo r m e d fr o m
.

the c a r d i na l s by a d d i ng t u p to 1 9 ( ex c e p t erit fi rst br i tt

’
-
, ,

‘
t hi rd ud)t e i ght h a n d —
,
’
ft fr o m 2 0 u pw a rd s .

2 .C o m po und o r d i nal s a d d the suffi x to the l as t c o m po n e n t

o nly .

O r d i na l a d v e r b s a re fo r m e d b a d d i ng —en§ to the o r d i
3 .
y
nal st e m .

N O T E —T h um r l b e f r
. 58 am ) v l m Si apitei h pt r @ cit e
e n e a o e ,
o u e,
’
,
c a e ,
’
,

d i n l w h n it pr u d c li n e d
’
p ge e tc i d d nd
‘
a , n .
, s re a as a or a e ec e es, a as an n e

car d i l w h n it f ll w ; mumero
na e m b r i f ll w d b y the c a r d i n l
o o s ,
nu e ,
’
s o o e a :

iDaB bri tte fi a pi tet T h t h ird h pt r ; Si a pi tel b r ei Ch pt er th ee ’ ’

e c a e a r
, ,

mumero fii nf N umb er fi '

,
ve .
’
 1 86 ] L ES SO N X L I I I 71

1 85 .
Da t es .

B
i er mienie[ (i b t ) te i it eu e ? Wha t d ay o f the m o n t h is it ?
I en mienieK D
'

ten ba ben mit ?

I tSctié fii r eiu S

E
t i i b
t e u t e ?
a u rn Wha t is th e d a t e ?

63 i it ber 3ebu t e . I t is the t e nt h .

I S ir ba ben ben ; ebnten

‘
.

fil m 1 er iteu) S am ar
. . O n the I st o f J a nua ry .

9 0 11 130 11 3 fi b r i l , 9 0 11 60 11
.
, Lo nd o n, 3 rd A pril .

ben br i t t en l rii) .

( noetbe itar b ( i m S a br e) 1 8 8 2 . G o e t he d i e d in 1 83 2 .

O BS ERV E : i . I n d a t es , the o rd i n a l s a re u s e d a d e c j tiv e ly be

fo r e the n a m es o f the m o nt hs, the fi gur e s, I ,
2, 3, e tc .
,
b e i ng
r ea d as o r d ina l s w i t h the d efi n i t e a t r icl e a nd the pro pe r a d ec
j
ti v e t e r m i na ti o n .

NO TE — In c o rr es p o n d e n c e , th e o rd in al s a re o ft e n wr t e n it as fo l l o ws
’

ben (or b .
) l iten , 3 ten, 23 1ten, e tc .

2 . T he y ea r num b e r is eit he r p r e c e d e d by in: g a br e or wri t

te n an d r ea d wi t ho u t the pr e po s iti o n i n .

1 8 6 House Num be r s
. an d Ad d r es s es . I . In s tr ee t na m es ,

the p r e pos iti o n a n d a rti cl e a re o m i tt e d i n gi vi ng a n a d d r e ss and

in a d d r es s i ng l e tt e r s, a n d the s tr e e t na m e is w r itt e n as o ne

r
w o d wi h t the ho use n u m be r fo ll o w s the s tr ee t n a me

min
92 fi reunb moba t G d fifler : M y fri end liv es a t nu m b e r 1

irrafse 13 . Sc hill e r S tr e e t .

2 . In a d d e ss ngr i l e tt e rs ,
the n a m e o f the t o wn pr ec ed es t hat
o f th e s tre et an d nu m b e r

.
j
S errn fi ari éZ cfmeiber, '

j eibei berg
S
. ,

Q d flofsitr a ée 1 5 /1v .

NO TE —Th e Ro m a n n um e a r l a fte r th e ho us e n um b er i n d i ca t es
s ort y or g t oci ,
 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

E XE RCIS E X L II

g ambu r g griebrid ftr

, . 21 /I I I .

28 S ftober, 1 9 09
. .

Qiebe Si tar a !
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babe 3 )
d bi f br b i b f i m i mi Q i i d { b
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ib eine C
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S breé EBruberé ? iebt bie Qi brefie
2.
3 a meId) em ® tod moba t er ? 3 21m mieniei ten gebenfen .

©ia amgugieben ? 4 Den mieniei ten baben mir beute ?

T .

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. 6 88 m fi tt eiri SDatam i tt .

beute ii ber acbt Euge ? 7 88 am mir b ber O eburté tag S breé .

fil teften SBruberé gefei er t ? 8 3 a meId) em S abr e murbe er .

1 7 ; G ER MA N GR AM MA R

te r H e rr od e r H e rr
“
E i n e v er h e i r a t e t e D a m e
V e r ehrt e r .

w i rd als G nad ige Fr a u o d e r V e r e hrt e G nad ige Fr a u a n ge

“ ”

r ed e t ; e i ne unv e r he ir a t e t e a l s G nad iges Fr aul e i n o d er au c h ,

”

“
Se hr ge e hrt es F rau l ein ( B au er W e nn m a n a n V er ,

w a n d t e o d e r Fr ea nd e s c hr e i b t s o g eb r a uc ht m a n u n ge féi hr d ie
,

se l b e n R e d e n sa rt e n w i e i m E n gl i s c he n Z we i t e ns w a s Sc hl u B .
,

u n d U n t e r s c hr i ft b e tri fft so sc hr e i b t m a n a n e i ne n Fr e m d e n
,

u ngefahr so : I n d e m i c h m i c h e rge b e n st e m p fe hl e ,

V e r b l e i b e i c h ho c ha c ht ungsv o ll
W H . .

o d e r k urz e r E r ge b e ns t (d er I hr i ge)
W H . .

Die engl i sc he R e d e n sa rt : “
Y o u rs a ffe cti o na t e ly v o n e i n e m ,

So hne z B a n se i n e M u tt e r l a u t e t e t wa w i e fo l gt : D e i n D i c h
. .
,

i nni g li eb end er So hn
W i l hel m .

L E S S O N X L II I

1 87 . Decl en s i on of P er s on Na m es .

3 d) babe (5560 113 I ha v e G eo r ge

’
5
3 s p en .

Sg ier i it C r
5 a a§ Buppe
‘ °
. H e r e i s Sa r a h s ’
d o ll
fDaé i itmama? (Quiiené fl h d) T ha t i s Ma x ( L o u i sa s) bo o k
’ ’
. .

S d) babe 66 Si tar gegeben . I ha v e g iv e n i t to Max .

79 66 gruben 661m? Eaten G r e a t C aesa r s d ee d s

’
. .

D ie G r iefe beg Gi ter o T he l e tt e r s o f C i c e r o

f
. .

Q ue 23nd) ber tl eineu Q arl Li ttl e C ha rl es b o o k

? ’
. .

O BS ERV E : 1 . N a m es of p er so n s a re i n fl e ct ed on ly i n the
gen i ti v e si ngul a r , u sua lly b y a d d i ng
2 T ho se e n d i ng i n a
. si b i la n t ad d —en§, a nd fe m i n i n es i n —e
add —
u§ .

3 . T he ge n i t i v e usua lly pr e c ed es i ts go v e r n i n g n o un , an d is
t he n i n fl e ct ed if the ge n i ti v e fo ll o w s, i t ha s the art i cl e a n d
r e ma i ns u n i n fl e c te d .
 X L I II
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1 89 ] L ESSO N 1 75

NO T ES . I . T he na m e Jesus ri t is usually d ec li n ed t hus

“
Ch s
”

N S t ine: Q bri ftué,

. G . Stein Q bri fti , D S ela Gbri fto, A S eiam Q bri ftum,
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(O rbmi btg iinb Had) Bari é ge e f , T he Sc hm d s h av e g o n e to Pa s

‘ ‘
r it i t ri .
’

1 88 . P er son Na mes w it h T i t l es .

fi finig S
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’

. Ki ng H en ry s so ns ’
.

fDie ® fibne bee $1611 n Q arl . T he so ns o f Ki ng C harl es .

Q CI gi dwr ber gr an 58 111 1111

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. Mrs Br aun s fa n
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O BS ERV E : 1 . P e r so n n a me s i n the ge n i ti v e, pr e c ed ed by a
c o m m o n no u n a s a ti tl e t a k e ,
the gen itiv e e n d i ng, the ti tl e

r e ma i ni ng un i nfl e ct e d an d w i t ho ut a rticl e i f the go v e r n i ng w o r d ,

fo ll o ws .

2 If the go v e r n i ng w o r d pr e c e d e s the t i tl e ha s the a rti c l e

.
, ,

a n d if m a sc uli ne the ge n i tiv e e n d i ng t he pr o pe r n a m e r e m a i n

, , ,

i ng un in fl ec ted .

T E —T h titl (pert l w y t k —
NO . u i n th l g pt i n the n m ;
e e a a s a es e s u , exc e o .

t hr ugh t th pl it t ak th t d —eu: ©erru g dml i bté ©0 11 6

o ou e ur . es e ar . an ,

Mr Sc hmi d t s ho us ; bi e Sperreu 5 unb

.
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M r S an d B e
’
. e ss s . . .
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1 89 . Or d i n a l s w i th P er s on Na m es
r d i nal s a ft er pr o pe r . The o

na m es o f so v e r e i gn s etc a re w ri tt e n w it h a c a p it a l l e tt er a n d ,
.
, ,

m us t b e d e cli ne d t hr o ugho u t as w ell a s the a rti cl e ,

N fi arl
. ber Gr ite . C ha rl es the
Fir st .

G Q at Ké ) beé t ten O f C ha rl e s the Fi r s t

‘

.
. .

D Star t.
bem Gr it en .
(T o fo r) C harl es the Fi r s t
, .

A Si arl
. ben (Sr iten . C ha rl es the F i r st .

NO T E —T h . e Ro m a n n um e a s rl I, II t , ft er uc h a m
e c .
,m ust a s n es , be
re a d as a b v o e : Sta rt V . Star ! b er 3 ii ufte, 2C .

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A .
non) QSiemar d murbe unter .

b r Si g ruug i onig Sriebritb fiBil bel me I I am 1 Iipril 1 8 1 5

i f ‘ ‘
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ber al tefte g o u b S erbittaubs n . IBiIbel miuea e,

éBié mard unb S

geboreuer S
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B er l in S 111 S abr e .

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erfter E lli ini fter { Sabreub {ei ner QImtetii tigfeit fanben br ei
.

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‘
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SBi smard ber erfte fi augl er bee {Deuticbeu m ad) t e unb erbiel t
gugl eid) ben Eitel eines Sii rfteu uatb bem i ebe S i aiier .

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.
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. . .

B . O ra l o n the a b o e v .

C .
(T i tl e s r l i n full ) 1 Wi lli a m I I K i ng o f
a nd n um e a s . .
,

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o f J a nu a ry 1 85 9 2 ,
H e i s the e l d es t so n o f the E m pe r o r
. .

Fr ed e rick I I I 3 H e passed se vera l y ea r s as a s t u d en t i n the

. .

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. .

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, o f S c hl esw i g H o l ,
-

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. .
, ,

t he t h r o n e 6 T he gr e a t Pr i nc e Bi s m a rck wa s t hen C han c ell o r

. .

o f the G er m a n E m pi r e a n o ffi c e wh ic h he ha d r e t ai n e d d ur i ng ,

the r ei gns o f W i ll i a m I a nd Fr e d e r i ck I I I 7 Bi s m a rck ha d . .

b ee n appo i n t e d as (0 16) fi r st m i n i s t e r o f P r ussi a b y W i lli a m I ,

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m i ssed the p ri n c e a nd ga v e ( Derl ei ben) hi m the t i tl e o f (a) D uk e

o f La u enb ur g 9 T he e l d es t so n o f W i ll i a m I I a n d o f A u
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1 78 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 1 93

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fi er a s pr o no un i s d e cli n ed t hus

M asc . Fe m . N e ut . A ll G en d er s .

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pl ur a l .

19 3 . Us e of ber . A s pr o no un i t ha s the fo rc e o f a n
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,
‘
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194 . Dec l en s i on of 1161 16111116 .

M asc N eut . . A l l G e nd e r s .

N beriea ige
. bieieuige baé ieuige bieienigeu
G beé ienigeu
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D bemienigeu beriea igeu bemienigen bea iea igeu
A benieuigeu bieieuige baeieuige bieienigen
O BS E RV E : T hese fo r m s a re m ad e up o f the d efi n i t e a rti c l e
a n d ci ti g w i t h w ea k a d ectiv e e n d i ng s
j j .
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1 95 . Us e of 061j 6111g6 .I t m ay r epl a c e 061 ( fo r e m phasi s or

cl ea rness) b e fo r e a g e n i tiv e ,
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1611136 111 6111 61 St an m y w i fe (m y w i fe s)

’
. .

59 16161 230 11 0 1111 0 v o l u m e a nd T hi s the o ne t ha t

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N O T E —T h i d i m a ti m i i o n o f th d e m n str ativ
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,

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,

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. 6111 ft)
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59 61 9161d) 611 W i ne(s) o f t ha t so rt .

199 . Dem onstrat iv es as S ubs ti tutes . 1 . Dicier

‘
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1 82 G ER MAN G RA M MA R 20 1

w r i tt e n w er e the wo r st he ha d e v er se e n 4 T he r e w er e m o r e . .

t ha n t hr ee d o z en o f t hem a nd a ll w er e b a d 5 T he w o r st ex
,
. .

e rc i se wa s R o b e rt s i t t ee m ed w i t h m i st a k es 6 H e ha d w r i t
’

te n m ir i n st ea d o f m i c h fi v e o r si x t i m es I t i s v e ry b ad
‘
.

(i )
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i n the sa m e ex e rci se 8 I m y s el f ha d w ritt e n l a IS m ir t wi c e

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ho u r .

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E . L e se s tuc k : i M o r ge n s z u e i n i
E i n G e l e hrt e r t
sag e e n es

ge n Be k a n n t en I c h b i n so eb en v o n e i ne m M en sc hen r a si e rt
w o r d e n d er i n O x fo r d u n d H e i d e l b e r g d ie hoc hst en E hr en
,

d a v o nge tr age n ha tt e un d au fSe rd e m al s se hr geb i l d e t e r M a n n

,

a ll e m e i n b ek a n n t i st U n d d o c h k a nn e r e i n en n i c ht o rd e nt
g .

li c h ra si e r en A b e r w e sha l b i n a ll e r W e lt i s t d e nn e in so
a usg e z e i c hn e t e r M a n n Ba r b i e r ? fr a gt en sie “ ”
A c h ! d e r i st .

ga r k ei n Ba r b i er ! I c h ha b e m i c h heut e m o rgen s el bs t r a si ert

”
.

L E SSON X L V

I nterr og at i v e Adj ecti v es .

meId) er ? w hi c h ? w ha t ?
I .

2 l naé fur eiu ? w ha t ki nd o f ? w ha t ?

. .

20 2 Decl ens i on
. r wel cher ? fo ll o w s the bieier
. . mo d el .

2. 233m? fii r ei u is d e cl i n e d a s fo ll o ws

M asc . Fe m . Neut .

N . was fur eiu mas fur ei ne mas fur ein

G . eineé ei ner eineé

D ei nem ei ner ei nem

A ei nen cine eiu

 [ M
, ‘ '
L q v v
“
l L ES S O N X LV

OB SERVE : (Ei u o nly is d e cl i n e d ,

a
gr ee i ng w i t h i ts n o u n, a n d

b e i ng o m i tt ed i n the pl ur a l .

203 . Use of I nt err ogat i v e A d j ecti v es .

Sfi ann mar bi er ? W hic h m a n wa s he re ?

23m meId) er Q ame fpt i d fi er ? O f w ha t l a d y d o e s he s e a k ?
‘

p
was fli t ei nen Sj ut but fie ? . W ha t ki nd o f (a) ha t ha s she ?
23 1 6 iinb hué fil l QSIumen ? W ha t fl o w e rs a re t ho se ?
“

23 1 6 fur Sj ol g but. . W ha t ki nd o f w oo d ha s he ?
i Bel ctxeg) QSergnii gen ! W ha t pl e a su r e 1
was fitt QBetter ! W ha t w ea t he r

QBeId) eiu G Bturm ! W ha t a st o r m 1

O BS ERV E : r . 20 0 8 fii r ei n i s o ft e n d i v i d ed , the fur ein w i t h i ts

n o un fo ll o w i ng theverb .

2 .Gi n i s o m i tt e d a ft e r mas fur w i t h na mes o f m a t e ri a l s .

3 .20 cm ) “ a nd w ( )
as fii r ei u a re a l so u se d i n e x c l a m a t o ry

se n t e nc es the n eut e r m
, eId) eé o ft e n d r o ppi ng the t e r m i na t i o n ,

a nd a l wa y s b e fo r e ei u .

204 . I nt err og ati v e P r onouns .

r . meId)er ? whi c h ? wh i ch o ne ?
2 . met ? w ho ?
3 . was ? wha t ?

205 . Decl ens i on of meId) er . A s pr o no un it fo ll o ws the bieier

m o d e l , b ut l ack s the ge n i tiv e .

206 . merdi er U s e of

fi el d) “ non S bnen i it fi r st? W hi c h o f yo u 15 a d o cto r ?

QBec er non bieien Q amen T o w hi c h o f t hese l a d i es d o es
g b b Wh r ? the fa n b e l o ng ?
''

e ort er i t e

flBeId m ( meId) e) Don end) ?

‘
W hi c h o f yo u ?
QBeIciwé fi nh S bre QSrii ber ? W hi c h are y o ur b r o t her s ?
O BSERV E : 1 28 2mm ? a sk s w hic h ? o f a nu m b e r o f p e r ‘ ’
.

so n s o r t hi n s a nd a gr ees i n
g , ge n d e r w i t h the n o un fo r w hic h i t
st an d s .
 GE R MA N GR A M MA R

2 . T he n eu e t r s i ngul ar meId) eé ? i s u sed d i r e ctly b e fo r e the

v e rb fei n ,
i rr espe ct iv ely o f the ge nd er o r num b e r o f the subj ect .

20 7 . Decl en s i on of a nd was
Ma n . a nd F em .

jV . met ? w ho ? maé ? wha t ?

G . mefien ( mes) ? w ho se ? mefien ( med) ? of w hat ?
D . wem ? ( to fo r) ,
w ho m ?

A . men ? who m ? was w ha t?

208 . U s e of w et ? a nd was ?

QB“ tft biefeé Q inb ? Who i s t hi s c hi l d ?

23 “ iinb hi efe SJi i nner ? Who a re t he se m en ?
23 611 mei nen ©ie ? W ho m do yo u m ean ?
ilBaé bat er gefagt? W ha t d id he say ?
QBDUDtt fpri cbt er ? W ha t is he speaki ng o f ?
28 0 mmbenfen E Z ie ? '
W ha t a re yo u t hi nk i ng o f ?
weé bal b ? meswegen ? O n a cc o un t o f w ha t ?

O B SERVE : 1 28 a ? is use d o f pe r so ns o nly fo r all gend e r s

.
,

a n d b ot n u b r s ;
h m e 30 1 6?
i s u s e d o f t h i n gs .

2 I n the d a ti v e o r a cc u sa tiv e w i t h pr epo si t i o ns mué ? i s

.
,
’

r e pl a c e d b y too ( met b e fo r e v o wel s e x c e pt i n warum w ha t , ,

‘

fo r ? pr e fi x e d to the pr e po si ti o n a n d w r i tt e n as o n e
’

w o rd w i t h i t .

3 P r epo si t i o n s go v e r ni ng the ge ni t i v e p r e fi x meé

’
. .

E X E RCIS E X LV

A .
®uten mor gen ©err , Qi raun . morgen ;
S bar f
—
id) fr agen mit m ichbie Ghre habe 311 f b
, we S d) heifge , prec eri ?

®uftab imm er unb babe ei nen (Smpfebl ungésbrief an (ne o

.

l i on mem i it ber 58 ri ef ? — %on S brem grea nbe bent {g erm

“
,

© i m — S
ZB tcf) m m i b en QBein
j
‘

S P
tt er e .en err n i
Q t t er e nen ® i e C z

b d n b l er ? — Ei iu b n g ibenhdnbl er in Si amburg
¥ e e e ,
— 11nb was .

mti nfrben g ie non mir ? 3 d) {ud) t ei ne ©teIIung unb mfidi te

-
 I 86 GE R M AN GR AM MA R z oo

D . J a hr e 1 84 8 d r o ht e ub erall i n D eu t sc hl and
L esestuc k : I m
c in e Revo l ut i o n A uc h in d e r fr e i e n R e i c hss t a d t H a m b u
. rg fa n d
e in A u fs t a n d st a tt E i ne M enge M e ns c he n li e f n a c h d e m
.

Ra tha use und fo r d e rt e d en Burge rm e iste r z u spr e c he n ,

D i e se r .

e r sc hi e n d e nn a uc h und fr a gt e d i e L e ut e w a s s i e e i ge n tlic h

wo llt e n E i n e R e publ i k w o ll en w i r
. A b e r Ki n d e r i hr , ,

hab t j a s c ho n e i n e “
Da nn wo ll en wir no c h ei n e ri efe n ,

d ie b egei st e rt en R epub l ik a ne r .

L E SS ON X L V I
209 . Fracti on s . 1 . T he y a re r egul arly
fo r m e d b y ad d i ng
r te! to the r d i na l s t e m m i nus
o i ts fi na l —t, a n d a r e n eu t e r no u ns

ein SDritteI br ei 513iertcl = g fiinf Q innnbgmansigftcl

s
Et :

NO TE . T he t erm i nati o n —teI is a rtw eake n e d fo m r of pa .

’

T he ha l f b ie fgal fte ; ha l f a s a dj e ctiv e o r a d v e r b

‘ ’ ‘ ’
2 .

a s a dj e ct i v e l b i n fl e ct e d a n d fo ll o w s the d et er
bul b ; ba i s,

m in a tiv e

DieQ a Ifte meineé E

S B ermfigené . T he ha l f o f m y pr o p erty .

m
E ei n hal beé E
Berrnfigen . H a l f m y pr o pe rty .

T ie bathe © d) mei5 . The ha l f of Sw i tz e rl a n d .

NO TE .
- With p l ace n a m es not r equ iri n
g the rti cl
a e, t he un i n fl ecte d

bul b m ay b e u se d :
b al b gral tfrei d)
.
, T he l
ha f o f Fr n a ce.
’

3 . T he fr a ct i o n Qi i ertel i s pr e fi x e d to i ts n o un

(Si QB ierteIftnnbe
ne . A q ua rt e r o f an ho ur .

fDrei Sli iertel ftunben . Thr e e q ua rt er s o f a n ho ur .

210 . Mix ed Numb er s w i th bul b . I . I nv a r i a bl e ad e j ctiv es ,

i m i x ed
e x p ess ngr nu mb e s r w it h the fra ct i o n ha l f,
’
a re fo r m e d
b y a d d i ng —l) aIb to an o r d i n a l : anbert al b
b I
%; brittebal b
2
%
NO TE — T h . e or d in la is o ne h gh e i r t
ha n the c a d r in l a of th e E ng li sh

idi om, a nd anbert a tb i sb use d fo r 1 5, anb er b e ng i a n ol d o rd i na l fo r

’
se c o nd .
‘
§ 2io ] L ES SO N X L VI 1 87

2 . T hese r l
nu m e a s , e x e p c t unbert al b, b a re no w a l m ost un i

v e rsa ll y r e pl a c ed b y smeinnbeinbatb breiunbeinbatb 2c e i t he r , , ,

a s i n v a ri a b l e a dj e ctiv es w it h n o un i n the pl ur a l o r a s v a ri a b l e ,

a dj e ct i ves w i t h n o u n i n the si n gu l a r

QBir m f ar dj ierten breiunb : We m a rc hed t w e n ty -t hr ee a nd

am an i
gg un b e i n batb S
U E
ei ten . l e a gu es
a ha l f .

Or : breinnbgmangig unb T w e n ty t hr ee l eague s a nd a -

ei ne bathe El l i ei te .
ha l f .

NO T E — Ot h
. er m i x e d nu mb e s a r r e re d i n E gli h ; 1 5 §
a as
funfgebn n s

unb i eben f 2td) tet .

E XE RC IS E X L V I
A . mir baben Smei Sj erren mit ber en fb amen anf
ill na u,
fb onnerétag 3a i i fd) eingetaben unb i d) i ndebte baé m fitige mi t

Sb n e n b efp )re d e n © ie m ii ff g )
en . te i d a n f b e n fi li a rt t g ebne ,

ba man frii b ni orgené ant heften ei ntanfen tann .

g na bi g g
e r a n ; a tfo m as b r au b
c en © i
, e @ r ft e n »3 be tetten
f -

g ie 3 5 ib utgenb i ta ftern ; bann smeiertei 8 teifd) : ei nen Sitin=

berhrat n 5ae h i s 1 2 %fsf
c
u n b fa m i e e i n B ‘
aar S j ii b n e
, r 5 a j e .

3 5 his 4 Want) unb br ei 23am @ par get %3ie b ietertei .

-

E
‘ nbbin
g gebenten © ie an geben ? 3 m eie r t ei : © cb o t ot ab e -

i inbbing ben g ie fcbon oft gemad) t baben unb ei nen Sili aié
, ,

p ub bi n g 3 a te sterein gebor en 3
t .
; iZaffe E maiéni ebt Eaffe ,

6 irnp %t eetbffet ©at3 2 5 (Eistoffet fiButter l s Z affen SJi itd)

’ ' ''

, , , ,

ein (i i I a ffe QBaffer unb ein menig E

, Dhté tatnuB 23einabe .

b atte i d) b e n gf)i d he r g ff ;
e e n at fa n o d) Bfnnb Qad fi S ft
‘
.

nod) Si beinmein im fi etter 9 QBir baben nngefdbr anbertbatb

fb ugenb gtafd)en — QBeniger ate bie S .
g fii t t e b a b o n m ir b g e :

n ii gen QBie bath tbnnen @ ie gurii d fein ? — S n br ei QSiertet

‘
~
.

f nn n s f i n )
t b e e t t a id t m e i t m S
5a JJi artte .

B O r a l ( r e a d the fo ll o w i ng in G e r m a n a n d a n sw e r 7 )
.
,

A dd i e r e n Sie —
5
u nd
3
W v i e l m a c ht
37 ” T 3 5
5 1 7 2
I .
1 5 5 2
2 i e 1 7 . .

un d 7 96 3 ?
6 3 S u b tr a hi e r en Sie
. 8 0 37
vo n roo
fi 4 M ulti . .
 GER MAN GR AM MA R

pl iz i ere n Sie m it 5 . Wie d i v i d i e rt m a n 2

%d urc h
6 g
.

(pl us) {5
7
(m i n us) x 2
}
a .
7 . D er w i ev i elt e T ei l
vo n 1 2 i st 1 ? 2 ? 3 ? 4 ? 5 ? 6? 7 ? 8 ? 9 ? 10 ?

C . W hen o ne i nvi t es guest s to d i nn e r o ne mu st purc hase

1 .
,

w ha t i s n e c essa ry 2 Fa t he r ha d i nvi t ed two G e r ma n gen tl e

. .

m e n w i t h t hei r w iv e s 3 A ft e r b r ea k fas t m o t he r a nd A n na
. .

w e r e d i s c uss n g the n e c e ssa ry p ur c hases

i 4 A nna wa s to
g o . .

to the m a rk e t a t o n c e 5 I t i s b e tt er to m a k e pu rc ha se s i n
. .

the m o r n i ng t ha n i n the a ft e r no o n 6 M o t he r sa i d w e r e q ui r e d
,
.

a r o a s t o f b e e f o f e i ght o r e i ght a nd a ha l f p o u nd s 7 A nna . .

w a s a l so to o r d e r t hr e e a nd a ha l f d o z e n o y st e r s a pa ir o f ,

c hi ck e ns o f a b o u t fo ur a nd a ha l f p o und s a pi ec e a nd two a nd ,

a ha l f po und s o f fi sh 8 A nna a sk ed m o t he r ho w m an y k i nd s
. .

o f pudd i ng s he w a s go i ng to ha v e sa i d
“
9 T w o ki nd s . .
,
”

m o t he r a n d a sk e d A n na if s he c o ul d m a k e a n I n d i a n m e a l
,

i i e l a tt e r yo u ( man) t a k e
“ “
dd m m d h
’ ”
p u ng 1 0 Y es
. a a sa . t , , ,

tw o a nd a ha l f c ups o f m i lk t hr ee a nd a ha l f t a b l espo o ns o f ,

c o r nm ea l ha l f a c up o f m o l a sse s a q ua rt e r o f a t e aspo o n o f
, ,

sa lt a n d a li ttl e nu t m e g I I T he n yo u l e t i t b a k e fo r t hr e e . .

q uart e r s o f a n ho u r A n na t he n w e n t to the m a rk e t to
”
.

o r d e r the m ea t a n d v e ge t ab l es She r e t ur ne d e a rl i er t ha n .

s he e x pe ct e d fo r she w as b a ck i ,
f a n ho u r I 4 S he i s a n . .

i nd us trio us gi rl a nd i s al way s v ery pun ct ual , .

D . L esestu c k : H i er ist
c h ein T i sc h fr ei b i tt e m ei ne no ,

H err en — Di e . b i t t e — H i e r m e i n H e rr ; Su ppe
Spe i se k a rt e , ,

g e fall ig ? ] a u-n s Su p p e —W
b r i nge n Sie
ii n sc h en Sie e i n e .

V o rspei se P—Ja ge b e n Sie u ns ein D utz e n d A u st e r n —

,

, Sc h6n . .

Wti nsc hen Sie G e m use ? Bri n ge n Sie u n s gr u ne Bo hn en un d -

K a rt o ffel n — Wa s fur Fl e i sc h
. Fur m i c h K a l bsb r a t e n — Wa s .

e sse n Si e z u m N a c hti s c h K a se und O b st Wa s fur O b st ? .

-

Bi r nen o d e r W e i n t r a ub e n ? E i n pa a r W ei ntr a ub e n — E i ne .

T a sse K a ffee ge féi llig ? — ] a K ell ne r d i e R e c hnung b i tt e

'

. .
, ,

H i e r m ei n H e rr M
,
H i e r si nd z e hn M a rk
,
Das
. .

fi brige i st fitt Si e Da nk e m e i n e H err e n A d i e u

.
, ,
 GER MA N GR AM MA R

O B SERV E : T he se fo r m s a re i nd e cl i nab l e the fo r m e r r efe rri ng ,

to a m a sc ul i n e o r n e u t e r n o un i n the s i ngul a r the l a tt e r to ,

fe m i ni ne o r pl ur al n o un s .

214 . A gr eement i n P er s on .

T er fl rgt, meId) er bi er mar

i . T he d o c t o r w ho w a s her e .

S d) ber id) bei n gr aunt bin

, . I w ho am y o u r fri e nd .

53 ©0 tt ber ‘Da im
, g immet O G o d , w ho a rt i n he a v en
hi fi l
OB SERVE I f the a n t e c ed en t is i n the fi r s t o r se c o n d per so n ,

the r e l a tiv e ( i n t h i s c a s e a l w a y s her) i s fo ll o w ed b y the p er s o na l

p r o no un o f t ha t pe r so n .

N O T E — T he p s pr
. er f th z d p
. on m yb
. o m itt d i n w hi h
e u e rs . a e o e , c c a se

t h verb is i n th 3 d p r
e e r S 650 th ber i nt b i nnuet i ft i
e s :
.

21 5 .
m
E it as a
in ein is o ft e n fo l
R el at i v e .
g ol d) ein o r

l o w e d in G e r m a n b y wi e a n d a pe r so n a l p r o no u n a r e e
g
i ng in ge n d e r a n d num b er w i t h i ts a n t e c e d e n t ; the fol d) o r in
m ay a l so b e o m i tt e d

é otd) fo) ein 23ri6f, mic mit

(C ,
S uc h a l e tt e r as w e e x pe c t ed .

i bn ermarteten .

(© 0 tcbe) {frii cbteq mic fi e in Su c h fr u i t s as

gr o w in I n d i a .

S nbien mad) fen .

21 6 Wor d Or d er of R el ati v es I A r el a tiv e m ust i m m e d i

. . .

a t e ly fo ll o w i ts a n t e c e d e n t w h e n the l a tt e r p r e c e d e s the v e r b

o f a p ri n ci pa l se n t en c e

fi l er E mann ber geftern bi er T he m a n who w as her e y e st e r

,

mar i ft mi cher getoni ni en

,
d ay ha s c o m e a ga i n
. .

Q en Sl i ann ber iebr r ebet I d o n o t k n o w the m a n w ho i s

, ,

fenne id) ni d) i . Spe a k i ng n o w .

2 . l when a sepa r a t i o n
So a so l c ause a m b i gui ty
w ou d

3 d) tr af ei nen greunb ben id) ,

I m e t a fri end w ho m I had ,

tange ni d) i geieben batte bei ,

no t se en fo r a l o ng t i m e a t ,

fei nern Qi ruber his b r o t her s

’
. .
 2 16 ] L E SS O N X LV I I 1 91

3 . Si m i l a rly w he n the t c
an e e d e n t i s the sub e j ct of a d e pend
e nt c a use l
S d) gl aube, ber i mam » ber, 2c . I t hi n k t ha t the m a n w ho , e tc .

4 . In o t he r c a se s the r el a ti v e n e ed no t i mm e d i a t ely fo ll o w ,

a nd the r e l a tiv e cl ause sho ul d not n e e d l essly i n t e rr up t the

se n e n et c
3 d) fud) te but
ben a ané , ber I p i ck ed o u t the ha t I lik ed
beften gefi et
ni ir arn b es t . .

(i t mi tt 3111 6 tabt gurucf, H e m e a n s to r e t u r n to the

‘

in weId) er er gebor en ma r be t o w n in w hic h he was b o r n . .

EX E RCIS E X L V II
Qtté ber perfi fd) e fb id ner é aabi einmat 5a © d) i ff auf bent
f
A .

lli eere fubr, fabni an ein 230 m, meId) eb auf baé fetbe gutam Gbe
E .

biefeé abe bad © d) i ff erreid) en tonnte, br ad) eé entgmei, unb

r
amei il l i i nner, bie fid) bari n befanben, fi el en inb QBaffer Gin .

imatrofe fprang b orn g tbi ffe inb QBaffer unb r ettete ben ei nen,
mabrenb ber anbet e urntani ©anbi fr agte ben E Diatrofen
‘

i ll eé batb ba ft bu bentj enigen, ber fd) mintni en tonnte, bab

t’
eben ge e tet ? r t “
QBaé i d) tun l b nnte, baé babe i d) getan,
an t wort ete j ener benn id) fonnte nur einent betfen Q iefe .

zlJi enfcben mar en smei t ii ber bie id) tannte : S brabim unb
'

9 tl i Q iefer bat nt ir fteté nur (Sla tes ermiefen unb tnid)

.
,

mabrenb ei ner fd) meren fi rantbeit gepftegt mad i d) i bni j etét

'

b ergotten babe ; j ener bebanbette mi d) i mmer mie ei nen Q unb

unb id) ti ef ; ib n ertrinten fib er rn ein {reinb gemefen i ft tann

’

.
,

nid) t ermarten ba f ; i d) i bm eber betfe ate ei nem grennbe

, , .

D (Sl ott ber bu ger ed) i bi ft ! ri ef ® aabi mer anberen (Sla tes
“
, , ,,

tut tut ii d) fetber (S

, l a tes ; mer abet anberen 236fe6 tut anf ,

ben fatIt bae E Bbfe gurii d mas er an anberen b erbrod) en bat

'

, .

5 O ra l e x erc i se o n the a b o v e
. .

C I H e w ho s t u d i es m u c h w ill l e a r n m uc h
. .

g T ho se w ho .

@
s t ud y m o s t w ill l ea r n m o s t T he b es t t ha t I ha v e is n o t to o
.
1 92 G ER MAN GR AM M A R 216
'

go o d fo r yo u W ho ev e r has d o ne t hat is no fr i e nd o f m i ne .

5 ? We ha d y i n
[ a ft e r s c ho o l
] hi c h w a s a p i ty a s the
w , ,

w ea t he r w as so fi ne 6 M a k e a pud d i ng lik e the o n e

. . su c h

a s) yo u m a d e l a s t w e e k 7 Sa ad i w a s a po e t the lik e o f w ho m
. .

the w o rl d has se l d o m se H e l i v e d i n a ci ty the n a m e o f

w hi c h I ha v e fo r go tt en d o n o t k n o w the n o v e l the t i tl e
.

o f w hi c h yo u I O W ha t I ha v e sa i d I hav e sa i d . .

I I .A l i w a s the m a n w ho se l i fe the sa i l o r sa v e d T he o n e .

w ho m he d i d n o t hel p ha s pe r i she d 1 2 We pr ai se T hee O . .

,

Go d w ho ar t in he a v en
,

D 1 . T he P e r si a n po e t Sa a d i w a s o nc e i n a shi p a t (o n the)
.

s ea . 2 H e sa w a sm a ll b o a t w hic h w a s a ppr o a c hi ng the shi p

. .

3 . T h i s b o at i n w h i c h ,
w e r e tw o m en b r o k e to p i e c es , .

4 O nly o n e o f the u nfo rt un a t es w ho w e r e i n i t c o ul d sw i m

. .

5 A sa i lo r w ho w a s i n Sa a d i s shi p j um ped i n t o the se a

’
. .

6 H e sa v e d the o n e w ho c o u l d sw i m an d l e t the o t he r d r o w n
.
, .

7 Sa ad i a sk e d hi m w hy he ha d sa v ed the o ne w ho c o ul d
.

s w i m a n d n o t the o ne w ho c o u l d no t sw i m
“
,
8 T he m a n . .

w ho s e l i fe I s a v ed sa i d he ha s a l wa y s tr e a t e d m e w e ll
“ ”
.
, ,

sh w a s hi s b r o t he r w ho a l w a y s
'

9 T he o n e I
-
.
,

tre a t ed m e b a d ly e w ho d o esn t hel p m e c a nno t e x

.
’
,

p e e t t h a t I s ho u l d h i m ” ! T h e go o d t ha t w e d o to

o t he r s i s r e pa i d l e sa i l o r d id w ha t he
( g
D e e te n ) to us T h
‘

t 1 2 . .

c o ul d 1 3 We S ho ul d a l wa y s d o w ha t w e c a n to hel p o t he r s
. . .

E Spric hw é rte r ( the fo r m s o f mer a nd mub are v e ry c o m

.

m o n i n proverb s and m ax i ms) : I We r A sag t m uB au c h B .

,

s ag e n 2 We r Go tt v e rtr au t hat w o hl geb au t 3 Wem

. .
, . .

n i c h t z u r a t en i st d e m i s t a uc h n i c h t z u h el fe n
, 4 Wer s t eht . .
,

s ehe z u d a b e r n i c ht fa ll e
, 5 We r vi e l sae t w i r d v ie l e r n t e n
. .
, .

6 Wa s m a n n i c h t ha t k a nn m a n n i c ht eb en W d r
g 7 e r a n e en
.
, . .

e i n e G r ub e
gréi b t fallt se l b st hi ne i n , 8 Wer z ul e tzt l a c ht . .
,

l a c ht a m b est en 9 Wer n ic ht a rb e i t e t so ll a uc h n i c ht essen

. .
, .

IO Wer se i ne A rb ei t fi eiBig tut d e m sc hm eckt auc h sei ne

.
,

Suppe gut I I Wer l e r n t a m M o rgen hat a b end s k ei ne

. .
,

So r gen .
 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

21 9 .
S ebermann j emanb , , ni ernanb . T he y a re us ed i n the
i
s n gu a l r on ly ,
a nd ha v e as gen it i v es ieberni anné j einanbeé , ,

ni ernanbeé .

S ebermanné g b i ft ni ef E v e ry bo d y b u s i n e ss i s
’
at e s no

manbeé g a m e . bo d y
’
s b us i n e ss .

g agen © ie es ni einanb(eni ) . Don

’
t t ell i t to a ny o n e .

bj aben @ te j eni anb(en) gefeben H av e yo u se en a n y o n e ?

NO TE .
S emattb a n d ni ei na nb so m e ti m e ts ak e - em or —en i n the d a t .

a nd -
en i n th e ace .

220 . (i tmaé , ni tbté . 1 . T hese a re i n d e cli na bl e fo r m s

S d) babe et maé ; er b at I ha v e so m e t hi ng ; he ha s
ni d) tg . no t hi ng .

fi rm s so m e b e fo r e i n the i l r d l
‘ ’
2 . no u ns s ngu a ,
an a so

co ll o q ui a lly as a pr o n o un

m
(Et a Bmt
é ‘ «
. So m e b r e a d (116 . no t m uc h) .

Dat
S
. er O el b (St b at et maé . H as he m o n ey ? H e ha s so m e .

221 . Gi n baar .
’

T hi s fo r m i s i nd ecl i na b l e hour is n o t w ri tt en
wi t h a c a pi t a l
mi t ein baa r z
E ul et u
’

. Wit h a fe w d o lla r s .

222 (Ei ner , fei ner

. . 1 . Fo r d e c l e n s i o n and
ge n e r a l use, s ee

31 .

2 T hey m ay r e pl a c e j eni anb a n d niernanb,

. r espect i v e ly ,
a nd

a l w a y s d o so b e fo r e a
gen i tiv e o r b en :

(56 ttopft einer . So m e b o d y is k no c k i ng .

Steiner non nué gtanbt i bm . No t o ne o f us b el i e v e s him .

223 . 28 ctcber . F o r d e c l e n si o n, see 31 ; it o f ent ha s the

fo r c e so m e , r e ferri ng pr e c e d i n g
’
of to a n o un

j
S
. at er 23 8 m ?
Gr but meId) en . H a s he w i ne ? H e has so me .
 L E SS ON X L VI I I

NO T E —T h i n d li e ec nab e l i rgenb is
p r efix ed to a n um b e r o f w o rd s w it h
i t
n e ns iv i d e fi it f r
e n n e o ce : i rgel tb j ema ttb o r i t genb
’

i r
e ne ,
‘
an yb dy o (at
‘
m b dy (
so e o or i rgenb et ma é ,
‘
an yt h i ng ( at
‘
so m e

i ng ( or i t gett bmo,
‘

so m e w h e re ( or e tc .
; gar i s s i m il rl y a

ed b e fo re n eg a tiv es :
ga t fei tt ( er) ,
‘ ‘
no ne at a l l, ’ ‘
no o ne at al l
’
; gar
ni cbté , no thi ng a t al l ,
’ ‘
no th i ng wha t ve
e r .
’

E X E RC I S E XL V III
AQBenn irgenb ei nem etmaé G
. ar ages getnngen i ft, fo gl aubt
i b b b d f m i b ( ie
'

e errnann,
er ii tte ad an ) ta n b nn en,
enn er rgen b

tegenbei t gebabt bii tte ® a~3 mei nten and) bi e fpanifd) en ©6f .

ti nge, ate Q Dl ttmll ttb nad) fei ner Gntbed ung Qttneritaé all gemei n
.

bemunbert murbe . SlJi an gab i bm 511 (i bren ein grobeé ©aft=

mabt QSei biefer
. j etegenbeit fagte j eni anb 3a fi otnntbné
(S
D aé i ft nid) té 5Befb nbereé , ei ne neue SZBeIt 3a entbed en ; bad
‘

bii tte irgenb ei ner tun tbnnen

“
Rotumbné nabur ein Gi unb .

'

fr agte ben éj fafg ob er baé fetbe aufred) t

errn, ber neben i brn ,

ftetten fbnne Stud) ei ni gen QSerfttdnn gab biefer es anf

'

. .

Q ann b erfud) ten e3 bie anberen éj erren ber Si ei be nad) aber

‘
~
,

ni ent anben getang es a ti d) nabnt ftotttntbns fetber baé Gi

. .

unb febte es mit einem l ei d) ten © tobe anf ben Etfd) to baf ; ,

bie © rbate nad) gab unb baé (Si anfred) t ftanb 5 0 etmaé
6 .
"

batten g ie and) mobt tun fbnnen rneine Sj erren fprad) er

“
, , ,

aber fei ner b an S bnen bat eé getan ; baé i ft ber ll nterfd) ieb

m
a f)i d en nt i r unb Sb ne n
“
unb j eberrnann m ubte i bm red) t ,

geben .

B . O ral r i
e x e c se o n the a b o ve .

C . E v e ry b o d y
k no ws t ha t A m eri c a w a s d i sc o v e r e d b y
Co lu r ti k n o t hi ng
us i n 1 4 2
9 © B e fo e h is m.e p eo pl e n e w

of the n e w w o rl d I t w as b eli ev e d (use ma n) t ha t

.

t he r e was no l a n d b e y o n d the s ea 4 A ft e r t hi s d i sc o v e ry . .

peo pl e a d m i r ed a n d pr a i s e d hi m A s usu a l peo pl e .

s a i d t ha t t hi s w a s n o gr e a t t hi n
g (no t hi ng gr ea A l m o st
e v e ry b o d y t ho u gh t he c o ul d ha v e d o n e the sa me t i
[ h ng
] 7 So . .
 G ER MA N GR AMMA R

it is (ge l way s w hen a n y b o d y succ e ed s i n d o i ng a n yt hi ng

a

s pe c i a l . W he n C o l um b us r e t ur n ed fro m A m eri c a a gr ea t
b an q ue t w a s g iv e n him A t ( bei) t hi s b a n qu e t he hea r d
.

so m eb o d y sa y I c o ul d ha v e d o ne t ha t to o i f I ha d o nly ha d , ,

a n o p po rt u n ity IO C o l umb us t o o k a n
. . a n d sa i d : Can
a ny o n e o f yo u s e t t hi s e gg o n e n d ? v eryb o d y a t the

t ab l e tri ed it ; n o b o d y succ e ed ed l a st so m e o ne .

ask e d C o l u m b u s if he c o u l d d o i t h i m sel f
“
C ert a i n ly
”
13 . .
,

s a i d he n o t hi ng i s e a s i e r Wi t h a sl i ght b l o w o n the
“
,
14 . .

t ab l e he set i t u pri ght M

( ) y g en tl e m en . h e sa i d ,
”
,

a ny b o d y a t a l l c o ul d ha v e i t b ut w hy d id n o b o d y d o i t ? ”
,

D 6 D o ct o r st ha t pe o pl e t a k e c o l d m o st ea si ly w he n
sa y

t he y a re tir ed 2 Peo pl e sho ul d a ssi st n o t o nly t hei r fri end s

. .
,

b ut ( fonbet tt ) a l so t h e ir e ne m i e s 3 I s t her e a n y b o d y a t the

‘

. .

d oo r ? 4 I d o n t se e an y b o d y Will [ h v ] so m e
’
ou
.
5 y a e . .

m ea t ? 6 No t ha n k yo u I still hav e so m e
.
, 7 May I g iv e
,
. .

yo u a nyt hi ng e l se ? 8 H a s he any m o n ey ? .
9 H e ha s so m e .
,

b ut o n ly a fe w m a rk s IO I c a n gi v e hi m no t hi ng a t a l l
. . .

N o b o d y b e li e v e d t ha t C o l um b us c o ul d d i sc o v e r A m er i c a .

1 2 .N o n e o f the c o urti e r s c o ul d ha v e d i sc o v e r e d A m er i c a .

1 3 .N o t o n e o f the ge ntl e m en c o ul d se t the e gg upr i ght .

\
14 .C o ul d a ny o ne o f yo u ha v e d o n e i t ? 1
5 I b e l i e v e I c o ul d
ha v e d o n e i t if I had b e e n o l um b us
C .

E . L ese stuc k Z wei St un d en na c h M i tt e r na c ht es w a r a m

: ,

O kt o b e r ri e fe n z w e i M tr o se n : “
L a nd ! L a nd ! Sie
”
1 2 .
,
a

ha tt e n a uc h d i e K ti ste in d er T a t e nt d eckt Sie w a r e n nur .

n o c h z we i M e il e n d a v o n e n t fe r n t Be i T a gesa nb r u c h sa h m a n .

e i ne sc hOn e fl ac he I n sel K o l um b us kl e i d e t s i c h i n Sc ha rl a c h
. .

Er b e fi e hl t d ie A nk e r fa ll e n z u l asse n d ie Bo o t e z u b e m a nne n
, , ,

u nd m it e i ne r F a hn e i n d e r H a nd d i e m a n z u d i e s e m Z w ec k e ,

v er fe rti gt ha tt e b etr i tt e r d as Bo o t K o l umb us sti eg z uer st

, .

a ns L a nd fi e l a uf d ie K ni ee u nd b e t e t e
,
Se i ne m Be i spi e l e .

fo l gt e d ie ga nz e M a nnsc ha ft d ie m i t ihm gel a nd e t wa r A uf

,
.

d i e s e W e i se w ur d e A m e ri k a e n t d e ckt .
 3 38 U N x Li X
5 ]

227 . The Pa ss i v e v b M a . r . A pass i v e is al so fo rmed

'
b y mea ns v a r i o u arse s o f fri n + the pas t pa r ti c i ple o f
o f the s

the v e r b to be c o nj uga t es

3 T his fo rm o f the panve i nd i c a t es a s t a t e o r c o nd i t i o n t e

.

r d d c m l e t a n d e ri na ne nt a nd as r e sul t i ng fr o m the
ga e a s o p e ,

a ct i o n o f the v e r b ; it is e v e r used w he n a genc y is e xpr e sse d

o r i mplied a nd m us t he t re full y d i st i ng ui s he d fro m the passi v e

'

wi t h m erben :

T ie ? ii bt tt merben urn ebn T he s ho

ps a re c lo sed a t te n

tl br geftbtoffen .
c lo c k
o
'
.

E ie fl ab [d) on gefdrl oii rn T he y a re c l ose d a l r ead y .

T at fi aue if! bcrl uuft . T he ho use is so l d .

d
3 ) bi n belb g
c fi ffi t gt m fl . l ha v e be en b us y .

228 . Li mi ta ti ons of th P m l ve . 1 . Wh en the d i re ct ob ej ct

of a transi t i ve v e r b is a ting ( no t a pe rso n) , the t hi ng be c o mes
the subj ec t i n the pas s i~, the pe rso n r e ma i ni ng as i nd i rec t

Gr Dt t fprad) mit {b il ft . H e pro mi sed me hel p .

©i l fc murbe mit b utt i bm I w as pr o mi sed he lp b y hi m .

orr fprorbcn .

2 .V e r b s ha v i ng y a i nd i re ct pe rso nal o bj e ct
o nl i n GM
t e n tra nsi t i v e i n Engl is) ha v e no pas s iv e fo r m
( o f

Gin {freunb begegnete m I was met by a fri en

3 . Pur el y i nt ransi t i v e er bs can hav e a pass i v e im th e

'

im £ 4

pe rso na l fo r m o nly :

63 murbe geitern getti ng! The r e w as d an c i ng y es t e r da y .

O eftern murbe getantt .

u u a

3 d) sl aube. but lest gru nt I t hi n k the r e is d an c i ng go ing

mir b o n no w.

NO TE . GS of this co ns uc tio n is itt ed unl es s it i mmed i at ely

om ,

pre c e d es the v e rb ; the i m pe rc o nstruc ti o n is s a ri n ly us ed a n d is us ua ll

p g y ,

replace d by the man c o ns tr l . 2 1 8,

1 98 G ER MAN G RA M MA R [ g 22 6

P ERFEC T .

l m et
0
’
na z ca tw e . S u b/ un .

I ha v e b ee n pr a i se d , e tc .

id) bin getobt worben fei getobt wor ben

i d)
bu bi ft bu feieft 2c .

P LU PERFECT .

S ubj u nr t we .

I had b ee n pr a i sed , e tc .

id) mar getobt murben mtire getobt murben

i d)
bu marft bu mi reft

FUTU RE .

I sha ll b e pr a i sed e tc , .

id) merbe getobt merben i d) merbe getobt wer ben

bu mirft bu merbeft

F UTU RE PERFECT .

I shall ha v e b een pr a i se d e tc , .

id) merbe getobt murben fein i d) merbe getobt murben fein

bu wir ft 2c bu merbeft 2c . .

C O N DIT IONAL .

Co mpo un d .

I shoul d b e pr a i sed , etc . I s ho u ld hav e b een pr a i s ed , e tc :

id) mii rbe getobt merben i d) mii rbe getobt merben fei n
bu mii rbeft bu mitrbeft
'

2c .

I N FIN IT IV E .

P r es .
gel obt ( 311) merben ,
to b e p ra i se d .

P er] .
getobt murben (3a) fei n ,
to ha v e b e en pr a i sed .

I M P E RAT IV E .

wer be getobt ,
:r .
,
b e p r a i se d ,
e tc .

O BSE RV E T he pr e fi x ge of
ge morben is d r o pped t hr o ugho u t
in the pa ssi v e .

NO TES . 1 . T he i mpf . a nd p l upf . s ub j . a r e us ua lly sub stitut ed fo r the

c o ndi . 2 . T he fut .
pe r f.
, c o mp. c o nd l . , r
pe f i nfi n . .
, an d i m pv e .
pass ive
r r ly o cc ur
a e .
20 0 G ER MA N GR A MMA R 22 8

T he pa ss i v e i s m uc h
4 . l ess u sed in G er m a n t han i n Engli sh,
b ei ng o ft en r epl a c e d b y a man c o ns tr ucti o n 21 8, 5 ) a nd

o cc a si o nally by a r e fl ex i v e ,
espe ci a lly wi h
t taffen :

mir b fi tl) l cbott fitt bett ‘

. I t w ill d o ub tl ess b e fo und .

$ 1 6 l ii izi iid) l ei d) i mad) en . T ha t c a n e as i ly b e d o ne .

E XE RCIS E X L IX
3 eit 3mei btinbe QSettter Z ag
tebten nor atter ‘
A .
S n Stout .

tid) founte ntan ben ei nen in ben © trafgen r ufen bbren : i Bent
O b i t bitft bem i ft gebotfen l D er anbere a ber ri ef : iffi ent
“ ”
,

ber Q aifer bi tft betn i ii gebotfen ! 21nd) ber fi aifer bbrte

"
,

baé unb ti ef; ein fib rot bad en unb mit (B j otbftud en fli tten
’

.
,

Q ue E Brot murbe auf fei nen fiBefebt bem iBtinben gegeben ber ,

bee f ai feré Sm ad u gepriefen batte li te ener baa d mere

E j f)
i
.

O emidu bee 58 mm fii btte b ertaufte er es bent anberen ,

EBtinben iBon bi efeni murbe es nad) Q aufe getr agen unb

.

erbrod) en ll ber baé (Siotb metd) e6 bari n entbatten mar mar

.
, ,

er gugtei d) er ftaunt unb erfr eut Gr bani te O ott unb bbrte

‘

auf gu bettetn
,
fDer anbere E ettter mar aber nod) i mmer
.

gegmungen 3u bettel n (Er murbe besbatb gum Staifer ber ufen

,
.

unb b un i but befr agt marui n er nod) i mmer bettte unb mas , ,

and bent S Brote gemorben fei bus inan i btu babe geben l affen , .

Gr antwor tete baé E Brot fei b on i bm feinetn fi ant eraben b er

‘

fauft murben ba er baé fetbe fli r tei gi g aebatten babe

, © er .

fi ai fer aber r i ef: { i n ber Eat metn (b utt bi tft bent tft ge=
'

, ,

botfen ! unb ber ib tinbe ma r be fortgej agt

“
.

B . O ral : 1 . V o nw elc he n Be ttl e r n w i r d hi e r e rz a hl t ? 2 . V on

we lc he m wu r d e G o tt es M a c ht gepr i esen ? 3 W o m i t w a r d a s .

Br o t ge fii l l t d as d er K a i s er b a ck e n li e f?)
, 4 W e lc he m Be ttl er .

w ar d e s gegeb e n ? 5 W e m w ur d e e s v e rk au ft ? 6 W
. as wa rd .

z unac hst a u s d e m Br o t e ? 7 Wo rub er war d e r z w e i t e Bli nd e .

e r fr e ut ? 8 W o z u w ar d er a nd e r e gez wun ge n ?
.
9 Z u wem .

wur d e e r b e r ufen ? 10 Wa s fr agt e d er K a i ser ? 1 1 Was . .

 L ES SO N X L IX

wu r d e ihm gea nt wo rt e t ? 1 2 Was sa gt e . d er K a i se r d az u ?

13 Wa s gesc ha h e nd lic h d i ese m Be ttl er ?
.

C . C o nti n ue : 1 . I c h b in L e hr e r ge l o b t w o r d e n, d u,
vo m

e tc . 2 . I c h w e rd e vo n i hm b e stra ft w erd e n 3 I c h w ar e d a z u . .

ge z wu nge n w o r d e n . i c ht erl aub t w e r d e n a us

4 . E s w ir d m i r n ,

z ugehe n, d ir, e tc 5 M ir i st n i c ht s d a v o n ge sa g t w o r d e n
. .
,

d ir, e tc . 6 . Ma n gl a ub t m ir n ic ht d i r e tc 7 M ei ne , ,
. .

A ufga b e is t s c ho n a b ge s c hri eb e n d ei n e e tc 8 M i r w i rd , ,
. .

ge ho l fe n, d ir, e tc .

D . 1 . T w o b l i nd [ m en
] r
we e fo rc e d to b eg in the s tr e e t s
of Ro m e . 2 . O ne of t he se c o n ti n ua lly ext o ll e d the po w e r o f
the e m pe o r r .
3 . T he po w e r o f t he r s ex o t lled b y the o .

e m pe r o r ha d a loa f b a k
By hi s o r d e r [s] i t w as
th go l d pi e c e s
. T hi s l o a f w as t hen se n t to the b e gga r
- .

by who m the e m pe r o r ha d b e en e x t o ll e d 7 W hen i t w as . .

b r o ught (us e man) to hi m he sa i d i t w a s he a vy a nd d o ughy , .

8 I t w a s so l d b y hi m to hi s c o m r a d e
. W hen i t ha d b ee n .

b r o k e n o pe n b y the l a tt e r he w as r ej o i c e d a t the go l d w hi c h ,

w a s c o n t a i ne d i n i t 1 0 H e ha d b e c o m e ri c h a n d c ea se d
. .
,

1 1 T he o t her w as s till (uud) i mmer ) fo rc e d to b eg

. .

e m pe r o r c a u se d t hi s m a n to b e su mm o ne d 1 3 T he . .

gga r w as a sk e d w ha t he ha d d o n e (mad) en) w it h the l o a f .

14 . T he b l i n d m a n r e pli e d t ha t i t ha d b e e n b o ug ht b y hi s
c o m r a d e 1 5 T he unfo rt una t e m a n wa s d r i v e n a w ay a nd w a s
. .

c o m pell e d to b eg aga i n .

E .
fl I f I sho ul d
l o se m y po si ti o n I sho ul d b e fo r c ed to b eg , .

T he l e tt e r i s a lr ea d y w r i t t e n a n d w i ll b e c o p i e d a t o nc e .

ho use so l d ? 4 W he n w a s i t so l d ? 5 We a re n o t . .

o u t w he n i t i s r a i n i ng 6 A re yo u a ll o w e d to . .

r ead n o v e l s ? 7 W he n I sa i d t ha t I w as no t b eli ev e d 8 I t
.
, . .

w a s n o t fo r m e rly b e li ev e d t ha t the e a rt h w a s r o u n d 9 N o t hi n
g . .

has b ee n sa i d to m e o f the m a tt er 10 I f t he y d id w ha t t he y . .

sho ul d t he y w o ul d b e hel ped

,
1 1 H e ha s b e en pr o m i sed . .

he l p b y e v e ry b o d y 1 2 T hi s o ffi c e r ha s b e e n t ha n k ed by the
. .
20 2 GER MA N GR AM MA R 2 29

3 1 . T he r e w ill b e d a n ci ng ( )
ati n the
p a rty to -
mor
I ha v e b ee n t o l d t ha t M r . Sa u e r i s i ll .

F . L e ses tu c k r Fl i n t e nk uge l ver

: E in So l d a t w a r vo n i
e ne

wu n d e t w o r d en Di e Arz te m ac ht e n m e hr e r e E i nsc hn i tt e u m
.
,

s i e her a usz u ne hm e n D er So l d a t v e rl o r z ul e tzt d ie G e d u l d und .

“
fr agt e w a r um si e i hn so q ual te n Wir suc hen d i e K uge l
'

.
, ,

sag t e n si e
“
Wa r u m ha b e n Sie m ir d a s n i c ht frti her g esa gt ?
.

I c h hab e s ie i n d er T a sc he e r w i d e rt e d e r S o l d a t
”
.
,

L E SS ON L

229 . I nd efi ni te P r onomi n al Adj ec ti v es .

1 . all , a ll (the) .
5 . i i ge
e n ,
so m e, a fe w .

2 .
gang, a ll , w ho le ,
the w ho e l 6 etIid) e,
.

( ) of .
7 . mebrere, se v e ra l .

3 .
j eber (jebmeber j egti d) er) , ,
8 .
genug, en o ugh .

e a c h e v e ry ,
.
9 . mcbr m o r e
,
.

4 . mand) er m a ny a (o n e) ,
. 10 . Di el (e) , m uc h ( m a ny
) .

1 1 . weni g(e) l i ttl e (fe w)

,
.

R E MAR K : A l l the ab o e v m ay b e u se d as ad e
j ctiv es or

p r o no uns .

230 . 2111 . 1 . T hi s w o r d r
e x p ess es nu m b e r a s w ell a s quan t i ty
w he n d e c l i n ed i t fo ll o ws the biefer m o d e l

fi ll eé 23rd ; atte fi lnber . A ll the b r ea d a ll

( )
the c hil d ren .

Gr bat alteé , mas er miinfd) t . H e has a ll he w a n t s .

Die fi naben fittb atte bi er

C . T he b o y s a re a l l he r e .

NO TE . 9111 i s ne v r f ll
e o ow ed b y th e un s tr e sse d d efin it e rti cl e
a .

2 . Wi th a po ssess ive ad ej cti v e i t a l wa y s pr ec e d e s ,

an d re ‘

m a i ns uni n fl ec te d i n the si n g u l a r

2l ll i bt O el b atte i bre S
j t A l l her m o n e y ; a ll he r ha t s
‘

tt e . . .
20 4 G ER MA N GR AM MA R 0
A .
34

234 Gi tti ge, etli tbe

. . 1 . They fo ll o w the biefet m o d el , ‘

and

d e n o te a sm a ll nu mb e r
SBb r i i gen (etIi d) en) S ubr en
en . A few y ea r s ago .

Ginige mar en ungufrieben . So m e w e r e d i ssa ti sfi e d .

2 . T he y a re use d i n the i
s n gu a l r , b ut on ly b e fo r e no u ns o f

q ua n t i ty , m a t e ri a l , li m i t ed a m o un t
e tc .
,
to d e no t e a

S cb babe eiuigcé (Sel b I ha v e so m e m o n e y (n o t m u c h)

’

. .

N OTE U nl th i d f li m it d q ua ntity i s m ph si d
.
~
ess e ea o m nd e e a ze , so e
’
a
‘
m itt d w h n r n d ri ng i n t G rm n
’
a y n a re o e e e e o e a .

235 . 5211113, mebr

6 . 1 . T he y a re i n d e cl i na bl e ,
a nd a re a sol
us e d a d v er bi ally
Gt i ft meit genug gegangen . H e ha s lk e d fa r eno ugh
wa .

S tb babe mcbr O el b al d © te
‘
. I ha v e m o r e m o n e y t ha n yo u .

2 (Settttg a l way s fo ll o ws its

. ad e j ct ive or ad v er b , b ut m ay
pr e c e d e o r fo ll o w i ts n o u n
Q aé i ft fd) titnnt genug . T ha t i s b ad e n o ugh .

8 m genug (o r genug
c M o n ey e no u
gh .

23 6 . mehr er e is (bi efer m

m o stly o del
) u s ed i n the pl ur a l

SJi ebrere ( Qeute) murben tr ant Se v e r a l (p eo pl e) fe ll i ll . .

N O T E —T h n ut i ng utebret cé i s m ti m e u d pr
‘

e e . s . s o e s se as a on

Ell i ebrercg tft geid) eben Se eral t hi ng h v e h ppe d

’
v s a a ne .
,

23 7 . S i ct, meni g . 1 . T he y usua lly r em ai n un in fl e c te d i n the

i
s n gu a l r w h e n u se d ad e
j ct i v e ly
S d) b abe wenig ( vi el ) O el b . I ha v e l i ttl e (muc h) m o ne y .

2menig (uninfl ec ted)

Q itt
‘
a littl e
SJEit ein weni g Oetb . W i t h a l i ttl e m o ney .

S f
u i btt ($
58 l b ? (Si lt menig . H av e yo u m o n e y ? A li ttl e .

3 . T he y a re usua lly d e cl i ne d i n the pl ur a l , a nd a l w ay s so

w he n u se d pr o no m i n a lly
QBaren b el e i Qeute u
g g g
e eu ?
‘

W er e m any peo pl e pr esen t ?

(56 mur en nur menige bu T he r e w e r e o n ly a fe w t her e .
 L ES S O N L

E X E RC I S E L

A . menn bie feite (Er be ci nt ai

tft in ber Eat fd) red tid) ,
unter ben guben bebt unb gi ttert Gin iebee befti gee Grbbe .
:

ben foftet b i el e Sl i enfm enteben aber fetten fo b i ete z aufenbe , ,

mie baé ienige metd) e8 an) 28 Q egember 1 9 0 8 in S tatien ftatt

,
.

g g IBett nt i t (Sntfetgen erfitttte C hange @ ti bte

'

fau b u nb b ie a u e S .

in Q atabrien unb © i 5i tien wur ben babur d) b ernid) tet unb nur
weni ge Q brfer btieben unbefdfii bigt Na e ei ner g tabi taut bie .

f ) d b St d i d b hf ti d Gi m b l Seben
'

u r t are a ) r ) t a a i n t ) e n o ner un
,t i ge
forntnen fei en Sn E l li effina mar en in l a r ger Bei t fa fi a tte
.

a f Sj ebaube fomie mand) e non ben tteineren )j i ufern

'

r o ge n ( .

“
gang gerftbrt unb mand) atter I ernpet gerruttet ?tn ntand) en .

O r ten mar en fo menige E l li enfd) en unb ertebt gebtieben baf; ,

ber en ni d) t genug mar en utn ben anbet en bei gufteben Biete

E , .

non biefen Qeuten b ertoren attee nid) t nur att i bre g abe ion , ,
:

ber n aucb QBeib unb fi inb bie unter ben i riunrnern begr aben
'

.
,

tagen Q iefee Q rbbeben bat b i et ntebr m

. i enfm enteben gefoftet ,

ate ber gauge beutfdy frangofi fd e fi rieg

'’

B O r a l e x e rc i se o n the a b o v e
. .

C A l l the pupi l s ha v e c o m e
. I . 2 A ll m y r e l a t i v es l i v e i n . .

G er many 3 M r B i s q ui t e po o r n o w ; he has l o s t a l l his

. . . .

mo ne y Q
C o ul d yo u n o t l e nd m e so m e m o n e y ?
. I ha v e
@
on ly a fe w m a rk s, bu t I w ill
l e nd yo u a ll I ha v e w i t h m e .

6 Pa r d o n m e ; I had q ui t e fo rgo tt en y o ur na m e 7 W he n . .

an
y pa rt a t a l l o f the e a rt h tr e m b l es the w ho l e ea rt h tr e m b l es ,

m o r e o r l e ss 8 E v e ry o n e o f the c o u rti e r s tri e d to se t the egg

.

upri M a ny tr i e d i t but o n ly a few succ e ed ed 1 0 I f ,

. .

one d o e s e vil m a ny suffer b y it (baburcb) , 1 1 M a ny a x

. .
’

go o d m a n su ffe r s fo r o t he r s 1 2 A l i ttl e is b et t e r t ha n n o t hi ng
. .
-

at a l l . So m e o f the pupi l s are he r e ; the o t he r s ha v e n o t

c o me yet 1 4 T he y shoul d b e he r e e v e ry m o r ni ng a t 9
. .

o cl o ck I v i si t e d Si ci ly so m e y e a r s ago M o n e y l o st
’
15 . . .
,

li ttl e l o st ; fr i e nd s l o s t m uc h l o st c o ur a ge l o st e v e ryt hi ng
, , ,

l o st .
 20 6 GE R M AN GR AM MA R 2 38

D . I . t hi ng t erri b l e w hen the ea rt h tr em b l e s und e r

I t is so m e

o ne s fee t 2 ] A l m o st ev e ry y ea r e a rt hq ua k es t a k e
pl a c e i n
’
.

so me pa rt o r o t he r o f the wo rl d 3 So m e o f the m a re n o t . .

v e ry Vi o l en t o t he r s w ho l e t o w ns are d es tr o y e d an
. d
m a ny tho usa n r i sh 5 A m o ng the m o st v i o l ent ea rt h
. .

ua kes o f o ur t i m e w a s t ha t o f ( b utt Sa n Fr a n c i s c o i n 1 9 0 6
) .

O n t ha t o cc asi o n al mo st the w ho l e o f the c i ty w a s d e str o y ed

Xy fi re
2
'

7 Sev er a l hund r e d s o f the i nhab i t a n t s l o st t he i r l i v e s

. . .

8 T he ea rt hq ua k e in I t a ly i n 1 9 0 8 was so m e t hi ng m uc h
.

m o r e d r ea d ful 9 M any o f the t o wns and Vi ll a ges o f

. .

Si c i ly a nd C a l a b r i a w e r e e n t i r e ly a nn i hi l a t e d 10 I n a fe w . .

m i nu t e s the w ho l e ci ty o f M ess i na l ay I n r ui ns 1 1 V e ry . .

fe w o f the i nha b i t a nt s r e m a i n e d uni nj ur ed 1 2 M a ny c hil d r e n . .

l o s t t he i r par e n t s 1 3 M a n y a fa t her ha d l o st w i fe a nd c hil d

. .
‘
.

A l m o st all ha d l o s t a ll t he i r po ssessi o n [s] Q1

5> Al l I t a ly . .

wa s fi ll e d w i t h ho rro r t c o s t m o r e human l i v es t ha n a ll
.

th e ea rt hqua k es o f the hund r e d y e a r s .

E . ti efeftii d
fib er bu b on betn Sj itntnet bi ft, .

Qtdee Qeib unb ©d mer5en fti tteft,

SDen, ber bobbett etenb tft,
SDoppett mi t (Erquid ung fittteft,
91d) id) bin bee S rei bene tnii be !
,

Eli as fott atI ber ©d) nter5 unb Quft?

‘

©ttf3er $ri ebe,

‘ ’

9 0 min, ad) tonun in rneine SBruft !

O oetbe .

L E SS ON L I

238 . A dv erb s . 1 . M o st ad e j ct i v es may b e u se d a s a d e v rb s

w i t ho u t c ha nge fo r c o mpa r i so n o f a d v er b s see L ess XXX IX ,
. .

2 T he o r d i na ry r ul e s fo r the fo r m a t i o n a n d d e ri v a t i o n o f
.

a d v e r b s are o m i tt ed he r e a d v e r b i a l fo r m s are b es t l e a r ned b y

o b serv a t i o n a n d fr o m the d i ct i o na ry .

3 T
. h e fo ll o w i ng se ct i o ns c o n t a i n e xa m p l es o f the m o r e d i fi i ‘ o

c ult i d i o ma t i c uses o f c ert a i n a d v er bs .

20 8 GE R MA N GR AM MA R 2 44

244 .

1 1111 é ie ed j a
6 ’
. Be su e it
r to do .

61 i ftn nt ein QSa ter

'
‘
. H e i s m y fa t he r yo u k n o w , .

a b er ejj en Why I ha d fo rgo tt en t ha t

53 113 batte 1
9j g .
, .

245 .

® ittb @ ie noel) bi et A re yo u st i ll he r e
"

3 d) mar w ni e bot t . I w a s n ev e r t he r e .

W1 111111 e1 .
m gz j no ge tern ; 1L gfl .
M
te rd a y s t i ll .
t ; on l y yes
'

A n o t he r c up tw o mo r e .

A s mu c h a
g a ni .

O BS ERV E : Si nd) pr e c ed e s the n ega t i v es nie, nid) t, i t .

246 .

Rommen © ie 11 11 1 ber ci n . J us t c o m e i n .

23311 6 luii ttfcben © ie W ? W ha t d o yo u wan t (a ny wa y) ?

247 .
O rbon .

© 111 1) @ ie fd) on bu A re yo u t he r e a lr ea d y ?
eute . N o t l a t e r t ha n to -d ay .

111 910 111 getuefett ? H a s she e v e r b e en i n R o m e ?

3 _d) biu f
[b
e en u d) t I nge I h a v e b e e n h e r e fo r a w ee k .

b ff i ft l ebo1t geftern T he shi p a rr i v ed (a s ea rly as)

93 1 6 C e i

angetonnnen y e st e r d a y
‘

(S r mir b j gbon fatnuteu . H e w i ll sur ely c o m e .

61 i ii jetét l tbon bu . H e is t he r e b y t h i s ti m e .

248 28 0 W .

tefl ub mobt tttttbe . I su ppo se yo u a re t i r ed .

Stranf i ii 61 wobl ubel ‘

,
‘

Itit
bt H e is i ll to b e , su r e bu t, no t

gefi bl l itb d a nge r o u sly

‘

. .

11 3 i it m
72 - obt ma br . T ha t i s n o d o ub t tr ue .

etu . T ha t is v e ry lik e ly so .
 2 49
]

249 . 8 uerft .

Q iefeé ® cbi ff tam guerft T hi s i p a rr i v e d fi r st

sh .

a m go i ng fi r s t to th e t a il o r s
i t j
’

Sb b l 1et t
‘

et tl 511111 I
t ge e 3 ,

© cbueibe1 , bunn 311111 23nd) : t hen to the bo o k sell er s ’

.

bi nbter .

E XE RCIS E LI

(Sin O taubiger tam ei nes E

A . lli orgene 5a ei nem SDid ner,

ate biefer nod) a n fiBett tag unb batte fd) on bae gauge S i mmer ,

e e e m
burd) fud) t, ate b rf tb “ ad) t e — 233m motten ©te nur ?
r
f ga te er — C eten ® te bod) fo gut biefe Sited mung an begtei d)en
.
, .

ger ne aber feben E d i e er ft 111 j ener © d) ubtabe nad) ob

, ,

ba ©e l i egt Dao babe id) er ft eben getan fDann b erfucben

‘

. .

O ie mit ber anberen — fi nd) ba i ft nid) te ba babe i d)

en bod)

— 2[ uf bem i ifd n baben é te mobt nid) t nad)

s f g f )
uer t e u d t .
:

g fbn
e e e 9 — fb d)
o a ber ba tft eben fo weni g3 fb
a e en —lj aben .

O ie and) im g d nei btifd) gefud) t ? — 21ud) ba aber oergebens , .

— abe i dre mir bod) gebad)t! C E6 mar norb geftern abenb

@ S

nid) té bari n Q ann mitffen © ie mobt mei ne I afd nn ba rd)

.
:

fa d) en — ® a8 i ft and) irbou gefd) eben — © ué i ft ia ungtaub

. .

tid) 91a menn fi d) meber in ben (S ibubtaben nod) fonft irgenbmo

,

1e
($ befi nbet fo fann i d) ©ie unmogtid) begabten fi ommen
'

, .

© te nur nod) einmat unb oergeffen ©ie ia nid) t bie S Red mung
mitsubringen . 211io, au f Ql i ieberfeben!

B . O ral e xe rci se on the a b o e v .

C .

[ I

r ea d the l e tt e r i f yo u
Spea k l o ud e r ,
I pr a y yo u ; I c a n t hea r yo u i
w i s h [ to ]
’

j us t
U n cl e has j us t a rr i v e d ;
.

j
, .

a u nt i s no t c o m i ng till M o nd a y w o ul d r a t he r n o t go to .

the t hea tr e t hi s e v e n i n g 5 Fir s t ( the) b us i ne ss a n d t he n (the)

. .

p l e a s ur e if 6 Be su r e n o t to t ak e t ha t bo o k
. I ha v e o nly r e a d ,

the hal f o f i t 7 Who a rr i v e d fi r st y o ur u ncl e o r y o u r aun t ?

. .
,

)
8 Yo u r c o usi n m ust ha v e a rr i v ed I n Be rli n b y t hi s
.
9 I .

sho ul d lik e to k no w whe t he r he is t her e a lr ea d y T ha t i s .

2I o GER MA N GR AM MA R

j ust l d l i k e to k now my sel f 1 1 I ha v e o nly te n

w ha t I sho u . .

ks l eft still) 1 2 D o t a k e a n o t he r pi e c e o f r o ast M i ss L

. .
, .

hy, I ha v e t w ic e a s m u c h a s 14 Y o u sur ely .

m ean t ha t ! I 5 Y es I d o ha v en t se e n M r
’
.
, .

Br aun si n c e E a st e r N e i t he r ha v e I . 1 8 I s uppo s e he . .

i sn t i n t o wn 1 9 Y es he i s m y w i fe sa w him o nly y est e r d a y

’
. .
, .

D . t ai l o r has c o m e an d w a n t s his m o n ey 2 H e
1 . T he . .

sho ul d no t ha v e c o m e w hen I a m still i n b ed

3 I . .

yo u d i d n t t e ll hi m I w a s sl eep i ng 4 O yes I d id
’
. . .
,

ha s b ee n he r e fo r the l a st ho ur 6 H e sa y s he w o ul d lik e to . .

hav e hi s m o ney l a t e r tha n to d a y 7 I sho ul d gl a d ly pay - . .

hi m i f I c o ul d O nly y e st e r d a y I ha d to pay se v e r a l b ill s

. .

9 I must pay tw o o r t hr ee m o r e to m o rro w T he y

. 10 - . .

a re t w i c e a s l a r e a s t hi s o ne I sha ll pa y t hese fi r st a nd
g 1 1 . .

the t a i l o r s a ft er w a r d s H e m i ght w a i t a n o t he r w e e k
’
1 2 . . .

1 3 A w e ek i s n o t a (feitt) v e ry l o ng ti m e a ft e r al l
. 14 T ha t , . .

he m us t [ d o ] I suppo se I
5 J ust t ell hi m he i s to b e su r e to
,
. .

c o me b ack ( wi eber) n e xt w eek But I s ha ll n o t b e a t .

ho m e b efo r e Fr i d a y 1 7 I sha ll sur ely ha v e e no ugh m o ney

. .

t he n .

L E S S ON L II

25 0 . Pr efi x es of Com poun d V erb s . T he p r efi x es o f c o m

1 .

po und v er b s a re e i t he r str esse d o r un str e sse d , z e the pr i n c i pal

'

. .

s tr ess fall s e i t he r 0 11 the p r e fi x o r o n the v e r b s t e in

‘ u'é e en '
y
ll g b ; oerge ben . T o go o ut ; to pa ss a wa .

2 . U nstr esse d pr e fi x es are i nse pa ra b l e (see 5 1 )

3 d) babe eé b erfprodyz n . I ha v e pr o m i sed i t .

3 S tr essed p r efi x e s a re
. s e pa a b e r l (fo r wo d r o r d er ,
s ee
5 0
)
S d) b b ge e eute aué . I am go n g o u ti to -d a y .

Rart tft eben aué gegangen . C ha rl es ha s j u st go n e out .

Rommen © ie bod) berein . Pr a y, d o c om e in .

21 2 GER MA N GR A M MA R 253

25 3 .
©er bi n, i m pl e pre p osi t i o na l pr efi x es o f d i rec
. 1 . T he s

t i o n ab an auf au8 ein nieber ti ber um unter

,

0 01 a re u sed o n ly w he n the c o m po und v e r b d e no t es mo t i o n

i n a ge n er a l w a y w i t ho u t speci fy i ng o r i m ply i ng a st art i ng-po i n t

,

o r d est i na t i o n o r w he n t he r e i s n o i d e a o f m o t i o n
,

Gr tft eben ané gegangen . H e has j us t go ne o ut .

(S ic famen geftern an . T hey a rr i v ed y e s t e r d a y .

i l3it r ei fen mor gen ab

‘

. We are o ff to -m o rr o w .

23 1 8 aiebett 6 5 h: 110 1 ? W ha t d o yo u pr e fe r ?

T he pr e fix es ber hi t her , a nd t hi t he r i nd i c a t e
’ ’
bi u
‘ ‘
2 .
~

, ,

d i r e ct i o n, r e specti v ely , to o r f o m the r spe a k e r o r sp ect a t o r

:

Rommen © ie ber . C o m e he r e (to m e) .

@1 {DHbingeben H e is to go t he r e
‘

. .

3 . 2l tt§ b 01 a n d a so l ab in the se n se o f
‘
d o wn,
’
r eq ui r e
b er or
p r i
b tt
e fi x e d w he n ,
a s a t rti ng -
po i n t i s i m pli e d b ut n o t
s pe c i fi e d ; the o t he r s (nu w he n a d es t i na ti o n is
au f
i m pl i e d b ut no t spec i fi e d
(Sr gi ng gur z ur binaué . H e w en t o ut a t the do o r .

61 gog ein 55 116 ) beroor . H e pr o d uc ed a bo o k .

G eben © te binunter ( bi nab) . G o d o wn (st a i rs) .

(5 1 i ft beraufgetommen . H e has c o me up
(st a i r s) .

W hen po i n t o r dggti n a tio n is spe ci fi e d , the se

-
4 .

c o m po und pr efi xes a re used w he n the p r e po si t i o n a nd p r e fi x d o

n o t c o rr espo n d

55311 fubren oft nad) © 0 l l unb We o ft en cr o ssed o ve r to H o l

binii ber . l an d .

i t fi el
C Dad) e
0 0 111 C br e ab . H e fe ll (d o w n) fr o m the r o o f .

5 . W hen p r e po si t i o n a nd pr e fi x c o rr e s po n d , the c o mpo und

p r e fi x may b e u se d

Gr gi ng aus bem gi mmer H e w e nt o ut o f the ro o m as l

(hi naue), ate i d) eintr at e n t e r e d . .

 2 54 ] L E S SO N LII 21
3

25 4 . P r efi x es w i th Va ry i n g S t r es s . T he pr e fi x es ha rdy ,
1 .

ubet um unter a re ti me s so m e str e ss ed

(sepa r ab l e) a nd
so m e t i m es u ns tr esse d (i nsepa ra b l e) .

2 .t hese c o m po und s
So m e of are use d bo th se pa a b r ly and

i nse pa rably usually w i t h d i ffe r e n t ,

m ean i ng

i r i ft bi er bu rcflget ei ft H e pa sse d t hr o ugh h er e

'
C
’

. .

61 but baé Qanb

‘
H e has tr a v e r se d the c o un try .

® er @ tr om l it tt bergetreten tr ea m ha s o ve rfl o w e d
'
T he
’

. s .

'
Gt fi bet tra t baé Gjebot
‘

. H e tr a nsgr esse d the c o m m a n d .

3 . So m e a r e u se d i nsepa rab ly on ly
meta El an i it burtbfreu gt S '
. M y pl a n i s t hw a rt ed .

t fi h S b I l e a v e t ha t to yo u
’
d
S ) ii ber a e ué nen . .

unterbre m
'
en Z ie mid)
C ‘
ni d) t . D o n t i nt e rr upt me
’
.

4 . O t he r s are used se pa ab r ly on ly
(Er i it u mgetebrt
'
. H e ha s t ur ned b a ck .

'
fib er Stefiet focht ii bcr . T he k e ttl e is b o ili ng o v e r .

N O T ES —I T he i n se p . . . t ra n s iti ve co mp d i
o un ft n pl d by s o e re ace th e
s i m pl v rb e e the pre fi x a s p re p . : (S r burdfidni tt
‘

ha s? i or o r 61 id) l i tt
“ ‘

bi l l d) ba é S OY ,
'

H e pass ed hro ugh th e g a ‘

t t e .
’

n se p ; m i i ly
2
Q i.l l fet as
p
. re fi x i s i eber i s . nse
p . on i n l ni ebertw’ ten,

p
re ea t ’
: Gr
b m id t
ut
) r i l l ter ga ugen H e h as d e c e i v e d m’
e ; Gr bi nterti e
’
fi ,
‘ ’

ni d) té ,
‘
H e l e ft n o t h i ng ; S d) ba be 9 6 mi eberbo’tt I r e pe at e d it
’ ‘
,
‘
.
’

3 . T he p e fix w ig ha s a r ng s i v ry i tr e s s, b ut i s in s ep .
, e xc ep t in the p as t
pa r t . r
o f so m e v e b s, a n d i n th e i n fi n . and
pa s pa t rt . of o th ers . F o r d e a s, t il
se e d i ti o ary
c n .

E XE RCIS E L II
”
A . Jtifotaus
g
{ei ner g auptftabt I van il tufdanb gi ng oft in
.

Beteré but g auf ?I benteuer ans 9 q bieie i fi eife gebud) te er

<
.
,

bie e ené meife {ei ner Untet tanen 511 beebacbten il tur fatten .

murbe er bei bieien (Sjangen et fannt ber mer nertl eibete lid) in ,

ei nen gem dbntirben D fiigieré mantet Ginmat hatte er ii d) in

'

cine Qi orftabt binausbegeben hatte aber babei a i d) t g l uten ,

.

] arbtgegeben
fill et a ticb murbe er gemabr bag er ii d) nerirrt .
,
 GE R MA N GR AM MA R

hatte .
i 66 btieb ibm al s ii d) einer S at o nid) té 1
Dt ofctyte m
angub et tt auen (St t i ef ei ne bet bei ftieg ein unb bebeutete
.
,

bem Q utfcbet i bn 3111? ©tabt bineingufabt en unb i bn am

,

i Bintet pataié abgufegen a b or t angetommen ftieg bet gar .

,

aus Qtté et abet besabten mottte ftettte es iid) bet aué but
.
} et , ,

all iein (85e net aué gabt hatte 28 am nut bier iugte et .
" ,

gum Q utfrhet unb mottte ins ©cbtof; eintr eten i chmitt bit has , "

“ “
(5) e iofort bet aué fcbi cfett Eli c i a 2 8 6tenben untet bt act) .
" , ,

i bn bet 912m m to baben mid) bie S j e t t

, en D " fi i gi et e {than eiu .

paat mat bintet gangen ©ia gi ngen 3111 Qi ot bet tut binein
‘

unb bal m 3111 s j inte t tut m i ebe r b i n

‘

a u é u n.b to t am i d) u m ,

rnein guteé O ath li bet tafi mit nut bei nen E tli antet ; fctflcfft
.

bu mit has (3 e bet aué T o fcbi cfe id) i bn bit fogteict) hi nei n , .

SDet Si aifer mat atfo gegmungen bem Ra n cher ben S ili atttet 311 ,

fi bet tafien ber met et fannte an bafi bet 932mmred) t hatte

, , .

B . O ra l : I . W eshal b gi ng d e r K a i se r o ft auf A b ent e ue r aus ?

2 .W a ru m w ur d e er d a b e i se lt e n e rk a n nt ? 3 Wi e ka m es, .

d a B er si c h v er i rrt e ? 4 W o hi n ha tt e e r si c h b egeb en ? 5 Wa s
. .

ta t er a l so ? 6 W e lc he n Be fe hl ga b e r d em K ut sc he r ? 7 Wes
. .

ha l b b ez ahlt e e r ni c ht so gl e i c h d e n K ut sc he r ? 8 Wa s v e r .

spra c h ihm d e r K a i se r ? 9 V o n w e m w a r d i e ser o ft m a l s h in .

terga nge n w o r d en ? ro Wie ha tt e n sie i hn b e tro ge n ? .

1 1 Wo z u war Se i ne Maj estat gez wungen ? 1 2 W esha l b tat

. .

er d as ?

C H av e yo u o bserv ed the c o nd uct o f t hi s m an ? 2 I

. .

sha ll b e r ec o gni z e d 7 ? T a k e c a r e o r e l se w e sha ll be

g
,

r eco gni z ed 4 Be t ak e you s el f to the c o untry ( 5 T a k e c a r e

. . . .
/

o f ( au
f a re
) y o ur he a l th
,
w
.h en yo u a re y o ung 6 T a k e c a re
_ . .
,

the tr ai n i s c o mi ng 7 I ha v e e n tr ust e d al l m y m o n e y to a
. .

fri end 8 G et i n t o the ca rr i age

. .
9 G e t o ut o f the c arr i age . . .

10 O r d e r the c ab m a n to d r i v e i n t o the c i ty
. 1 1 T he C z ar . .

go t o ut [o f the c ar r i age] 1 2 We sha ll ha v e spen t all o ur . .

m o ney r
3 D o yo
. u w i sh to . e n t e r the pa l ace ? 14 C o m e i n .
 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

L E S S O N L 111
25 5 . Conj uncti on s . C o nj unct i o ns
it he r co o r d i na t i v e a re e ,

c o nne ct i ng se nt enc es o f the sa m e r a nk o r o r d er o r subo r d i na ,

t i v e c o nne cti ng a se nt en c e w it h a n o t her o n w hi c h i t d e pe n d s

,
.

25 6 Conn ect i v es
. 1 T he c o o r d i na ti v e c o nj unct i o ns pr o pe r
. .

a re the c o mm o n c o nn ect i v es a n d d o no t a ffe ct th e w o r d o r d er ,

abet , b ut . ber m, fo r .
f onbet nr but, on the

attein, o n ly , b ut yet . obet , o r . c o n tr a ry .

unb, an d .

2 . W hen pri n ci pa l
two sen e n t c e s c o nn e ct ed b y unb hav e a

c o m mo n s ubj e ct , the v e r b
of the l a tt e r sen t en c e usu a lly fo ll o ws
the c o nj un cti o n i mm ed i a t e ly

l l iein ist eunb i it tr ant

E My fr i end i ll
‘

,
unb is a nd ha s to
mufg baa Sj aué bi tten . s a t y i n the ho use .

3 . If a ny o t he r m e mb er o f the se n enc et i n tr o d uc e d by unb

p r ec e d es the v er b ,
a p e r so n a l pr o nou n m us t fo ll o w a s su bj e c t

tl i ein
E munb e i it fr ant unb M y fr i e nd is i ll a nd ,
so he m ust
beé baib mug et baé A
j aué s t a y i n the ho u se .

bitten .

4 .
”
13611 11 v er i ntro d uc e s a d e pend e nt
ne t
se n e n e , c c
ex e p t in
i nd i r ect st a t e m ent s w i t h bafi o m i tt ed
(i t iugte , bag et nid) t tim e, H e sa id he w asn
’
t c o m i ng ,

berm ar i ei i t ant . fo r he w a s i ll .

5 91t. o ft e n fo ll o w s th e v e r b o f i ts se n t e nc e
( espe c i ally
w hen a no t he r c o nj unct i o n is pr esen t) , a nd t he n ho w e v e r

(i t tommt mobt nid) t, menu at H e w ill ha r d ly c ome ; i f he

b er tommt, 2C sho u l d co m e ho w ev e r etc
q .
, ,
.

6.
® onbet n c o rr ect s or c on tr ad i ct s a p r e c e d i ng n ega t i ve
t t
s a e m en t
Gt mir b nid) t ftet bt n fonbettt ,
He wi ll n o t d ie b ut (o n , the

genefett . c o n tr ary) he w i ll r e c o v e r .
g 2 5 8] L ESSO N L111 2 r7

25 7 . A dv erb ia l Conj uncti ons ve r b i a l . r . A d ve rbs and ad

p h ras es o ft e n ha v e the fun cti o n o f a c o n n ectiv e c o nj uncti o n ,

a nd i ntr o d u c e a se n t e nc e c o or d i na t e w i t h the pr e c e d i ng se n

t e nc e t hey t hen t hr o w the subj ect a ft e r the v er b

Gr i it frauf ; atfu fommt et H e is i ll ; henc e he wo n t
’

ni d) i .
co me .

2 . These ad v erb i a l c o nj uncti o ns may a sol fo ll o w the v er b as

o rd i na ry ad v er b s
(i t i it ft auf ; fommt at o f H e is i ll ; hen c e he wo n t
’
et

ni d) i . c o me .

25 8 . Speci al Ca s es . 1 . 91116
) d o es c a use i nv ersi o n o f v e rb
no t

a nd sub e j ct when it m o d i fi es a m e m b er o f the sen t e nc e w hi c h

p r e c e d es the v er b
M mein QB
atet Det liefi mid) . El fin my fa t her fo r so o k m e .

2 .
b er m un ess l ne ev r b eg i n s a se n en t ce
(I) fortune I sha ll c o m e to m o rro w
- l
u n e ss

i
ba r
66 egnet i t r a i ns
W
. .

eg o A M ( L; 14 ( t) 0b ) ; D ’
1 i ( f

3 . 921111 i n the s e n se o f no w i mpli es a r el a t io n to a pr ec ed

i ng t t
s a em en t i g
ei d e n o t es ti m e o nly
Stun tommt 66 oft b ut , 2c . No w i t o ft e n ha ppe n s e tc
, , .

3 83i i ft 66 Bai t . I t i s ti m e n o w .

4 . A d v er sa t i v e ad v e rb i a l c o nj unct i o ns a g al fo freilid) m m , .
, , ,

2c .
,
fo ll o wed b y a pause ( i n d i c a t e d by a c o mma) c a use n o ,

i n v e r si o n
g i t ci l i d
) , bub mag mabt iein . Of c o ur se t hat ,
ma y b e tr ue .

E X E RCI S E L III

Gin gemi fiet SBantiet brauctj te einen Qaufbut fctj eu an

A .

{ei ner EBant unb hatte beé tjatb eiue tingeige in bie Sei tung
einj et
éen l aiien Q at auf metbeteu ii d) am anbet u Euge etwa
.

50 Sta uben . g ogtei d) idj icfte er iie atte for t bie , au f einen .
 GER M AN GR AM M A R 25 8

batten sit ar ei ni ge b oa i hnen ietjr ga te Gmpfebtangé bt iefe ,

a tteia et ea ttief ; fie unb inabtte ei nen bet gar fei nen éBt ief
’

tj atte fb a iagte eiu Sg et t bet gufi ttig babei mat : fDiej et

'
‘
‘

S aa ge hatte bad) fei nenGmpfebtaugabt ief unb trolsbem baben ,

QBat um tateu CBie baé

'

© ie i hn b eb orgugt
’

f
.

hatte et freitid) a i d) t l autete bie Qtutmot t bagegeu

“
, , ,,

hatte et ei ne E l l i euge (Smu f bt 8 d b m r i t 5um 23d

‘

e u a g e n ) e e e .
,
:

ipi el bat; et bie @ tiefet abputéte unb aufget bem hob et ei ne

, ,

© ted uabet b out $ abeu auf; fotgtid) i it et sa gteid) t eia tid) unb
‘

forgfattig 91nd) uabru et bie image at) unb antwor tete mit
'

id mett unb rid) tig ; bat)er ma y; er nid) t nut bbftid) ionbet a

"

and) ttug unb aufmet tiam iein (S t brangte iid) a i d) t b ar al to .

,

i it er and) beid) eibett ti brigeué id) gebe mebr attf baa was .
, ,

i d) an einem SJi ea j d uu beobad u eu faint ate auf bie beii en ,

Gmpfetfluugé bt iefe
“
.

r T he pu pi l s c a m e l a t e a n d t he r e fo r e had to s t ay in
.
, .

d id n o t k e e p his l e tt e r b u t t hr e w i t i n t o the w a st e b a sk et ,
-
.

3 D o n t c o m e i n a t the fr o n t d o o r b u t a t the b a ck d o o r 4 I
’
.
- -
.
.
,

c a n t c o m e to d a y b ut I c a n c o m e to m o rr o w
’
-
,
-
.

sa w the a d v e rti s e m e n t a n d a t o n c e m a d e a pplic ,

b a nk e r sa i d the b o y pl e a se d hi m fo r he w a s so po li t e , .

ha d goo d r e c o mm e n d a ti o ns ; n e v e rt he l ess t he y d i d n t get the

’

po si ti o n 8 Y o u ha v e n o r e c o mm e nd a ti o ns ; c o n seq uen tly I

. .

c a n t gi v e yo u
’
on 9 H e t o o k o ff h i s c a
p hen c e I a m. .
,

su r e he i s po lit e Bes i d es he d i d n t pr ess fo r wa r d lik e the

.
,
’

o t he r s 1 1 M o r eo v e r I o b serv ed t ha t he wi ped his b oo t s

. .
, ,

w he n he c a m e i n 1 2 H e n c e he m us t b e t i d y
. . .

C . I v e ry o ne k n o ws the st o ry o f M L a ffi tte w ho
. N e a rly e .
,

w a s a c el eb r a t e d Fr e n c h b a nk e r ; l When he w a s (still) qu it e .

y o ung he a ppli ed to (bei) a Pa ri s b ank e r a nd ask e d fo r a po si

, ,

t i o n i n (an) his b ank 3 I t i s tru e he ha d l ett er s o f rec o m . .

men d a ti o n 5N e v e rt hel e ss the b a n k e r d i s m i sse d hi m fo r he

4 . .
,

di d n t nee d e ven a n err a n d b o

’
-

o ut ho we v e r the b a nk e r o b
, ,
2 20 GE R MA N GR AM MA R

260 S pec i al Ca s es the 5 use o f

‘
wh e il ’

g
. . 1 .

(inbefien, untet befieu) a t

‘
“ W i

Gt id) tief, inbem i d) mad) te . He s ep l t w hi le I w atc hed .

2 .
‘
W M a nse :
ba
5 1f farm
C h eute n i d) i fomraeu ba ,
He ca n t co me’
to -d ay, a s it is
es t egnet . r a i n i ng .

3 .
‘
Si n c e r
p p
’
e o
ass i t i o n
f ;
ei t a s s ub o r d i na t i v e c o nj unc

t i o n o f t i m e feitbeut (o r fei t)
Gr i ft fd wu fci t Dori ger 23 c H e ha s b e e n he r e si nc e l a s t
t) i et . w ee k .

a v e no t se en hi m s i n c e h e
S ) hd ab e i t
) u n i d) g i b
t e e en I h ,

fei tbem et augetommeu i it a rr i v e d . .

4 . S i nc e a s a d v e r b o r c o Ord i na tiv e a d v e r b i a l c o nj unct i o n

feitbem
63 m id) re i ht e r n i d) i H e ha s n t w r i tt en si nc e
.
’
.

5 are b ut a ft e r n ega t i v es ; ni d) té weni ger até

’ ‘
. a ny

t hi ng b ut
ugtud .

até r eid) .

6 .
S fi
a be en, uutet be en fi a re c o o r d i na t i v e in the s en se of

m e a n w hi l e sub o r d i na t i v e i n the se n se o f wh i le ’

3 d) mad) te ; iabefiea id) lief I

w a tc he d ; m eanw hil e m y
rnein greunb fri en d sl e pt
. .

S d) maa)te uutet befien mei u I w atc he d w hi l e m y fri end

,

gt eua b {d) tief sl e pt

. .

7 D i) if o r w he t he r i n i nd i r e ct q ue sti o ns
‘ ’
.

Wage ibn ob et mube i ft , A sk hi m if he is tir ed . .

8 I n obgteid) ( meungteid) , obid) oa ,

. t ho ugh, a lt ho ugh, ’ ’

the l a tt e r pa rt m a y b e sep a r a t ed a n d pl a c e d a ft er the subj e ct ;

and) i s a l wa y s so se pa r a t e d

Dbgtei d) er t eid) i ji . A lt ho ugh he i s rich .

Db er attid) ( and) , t e ) r eid) i ft . .

u
 2 61 ] L ESS O N LIV 22 1

menu m ay
Wt c
T he oh o r be om i tt edt hese c o nj unc
in
r ch arts
ate m i tten be gi nL J ts
'

irritant the .

sen e n e :

Sit 61 gl eid) r
‘

ei d) . T ho ugh he is ri c h .

id) eint, at6 fame It se e ms a s if he w o ul d co me .

IO . 58 60 01 ‘
r
ex p esse s t i m e o nly h l r
e e a so exp esses pr efe r en c e

(the ( £16t ) 66 buntet mir b . Be fo r e i t ge t s d a rk .

(the i d) baa tue, tr ete i d) l i eber Ra t he r t ha n d o t ha t I w ill ,

aua . r esi gn .

D i s t i ngui sh c a r e fully b etw ee n t r a nd b e fo r e

’ ’
af e
‘ ‘
1 1 . as

pr e po si t i o ns a nd a s c o nj u n ct i o ns

mad) bem éBatte . A ft e r the b a ll .

mud)bem er for t mat . A ft e r he ha d go n e .

$ 0 1? bem 2l t16nb6fi6tt . Be fo r e suppe r .

GI N (beb or) id) i bn fat) . Be fo r e I saw hi m .

261 . Co r rel ati v e Conj uncti ons c o nj un ct i o ns c o n . 1 . T h ese

s i s t o f tw o pa rt s the se c o nd b e i n
g n e c e ssa ry to c o m pl e t e the
,

fi r st ; the fo ll o w i ng are the m o st i m po rt an t

ca ttvebet ti m e
abet , e i t her batb .
J tba
r ,
a t o ne

a t a no t her ; no w

meset nod) , ne i t her

no r .
in mie ( j ust)
,
as

as .

b ut l
a so .
befto (ie) . befto
at6 b oth the the .

. a nd .

2 . In t
se n e n es c i n tro d uc ed by fomobt at6 (w eb) the
v er b a
gr e e s w i t h the l as t subj ect :

Eomohl id)
C
‘
al 6 (uud)) mei n Bo t h my c o usi n a nd I hav e
QSettet iit angetommeu . a rriv ed .
 GER MAN GRA M MAR

3 .
fQ j
e to a n d i
e are u sed n t e rc ha ng e a b ly in e i t her m e m b e r

o f a p r o po rti o na l cl a u se ; the fo r m e r m e m b e r i s s ub o r d i na t e ,

the l a tt e r pr i nc i pa l b ut w i t h i nv er si on o f subj e ct a n d v e r b
,
.

S e (befta) 6h6t 61 forma t T he r he c o m es the

‘

,
so o n e ,

befto 6h61 f1 1111 61 966 r he

‘
611
’
so o n e
'

. c an go .

4 . 6
< c o rr el a t i v e cl a use s c o nt a i n i ng a d
uc e

j ec tives c o m par ed t o ge t he r i n the po si t i v e d egr ee the fo r m er ,

b ei ng sub o r d i na t e :

60 gt ofz enj ft, fll f6ig6

a H e i s a s co wa rd ly as he i s b ig
_. .
"

5 D get ue i d) fame, fa
C 1111 : G l a d ly a s I w o ul d c o m e i t i s ,

mfigl id) i ii 66 .
q ui t e i m po ss i bl e .

E X E R C I S E L IV

A Qtté eiu attet Qotj e ei nes ftut utifd) ert I ageé mit aubet eu
.

am li fet bes Stil eerea ftaub, fat) er br unigen eiu ar c hes ©eget=
{)f
d i f b orbei fabreu . 29 a et et faunte, ba f; baé j etbe fatfd) gefteuet t
mat b, t ief et aué : " Gutt neber muf g bie éBt igg eiuteufeu, abet
‘

fie mir b am 58 0 t gebit ge id) eiteru 3 d) muf; t)iuau6 bamit id) .

,

beu ©teuet mauu matue i 8 a mbu aud) biaaué fii bt eft et n ,

mibet te mau i bm T o tba uteft bu bod) a i d) t hel fen ba bei u

, " ,

58 0 mfofot t feutetu mii t be unb bu b et fi ufeu muiitef , © ol tte

es gteid) mei u e en fofteu fa m itt i d) i bm tueuigfteué gut ufeu
, ,

mie et fteuet u mufg QBeuu 66 aud) rnein teeter Stuf i it fa

.
,

bteibt mit a i d) t6ii bt ig ate beu Qi et j ud) gu mad) en

“
, 91t butte .

et {eiu C i pt ad uobt unb ftieg in iein tteiueé gi ant eiu © abatb

r .

ba6 C 5 eget aufgebi fit mat fi aa ba6 230 m pfeitfdpt ett b ut bem

f
,

©tut me babi u tb s bem

S Sl btid b b b j
‘

. at ugeu e a et a aé e e a u e ,

@ d) ut3e bee SBorgebirgeé bet auafd m fg id) tug ea um S ubefieu , .

b a t te et no d) eb eu be m ® teu et m au u gut ufeu t bu u eu : Qui te "

ru f
ii zt ib ft
t e ue t u
“ ‘ a t eub bie 5
IB b
. .
mm wei ter fuhr b et j aut
'

bet betbeuruii tige Qttte in bie zi efe SDod) mat feiu S j et beu m u t
. .

nid) t b er g6l16116 gemeien ba baa ® d) i ff mit g uuberteu b oa

,
 GE R MA N GRA M MA R
’

Qefeftud
3 m e d pniebe gi ng eiu j uuger S etb
j .
,

battgutee g d met t beftettt

eiu
’
(i t .

DDd) ate er 6 mag in {einer Sg aub,

’
S
Ed) met t et b i et 5a {d) met et faub
SDasS C
C
.

Q et atte © d) mieb beu SBat t ii d) ftreid) t

"Q ue g dmert i it a i d) t 3u id) met u ud) teid) t; ,

3 u id) mad) i ft euer 2i 1 111 id) meiu ;

’ ’

Q od) mor gen iott gebol feu iein !

“

ti eiu, beut ! bei attet S li ittet frbaft!

’
" E
Q ut d) mei ne, a i d) t bur d) {teuet é Si t aft !
“

fb et S ii ugtut g fpt icbt e, i bn fi raft but cbbt iugt,

’

fDaé @ d) mert er bad) in Qii fteu j d) miugt .

L E S S ON L V

262 . A gr eemen t of V er b a nd S ubj ect . 1 . T hi s r

a g e e m en t 13 ,

i n ge n er al , the sa m e i n G er m a n as i n E ngl i sh fo r c
ex e p ti o ns ,

see b el o w .

2 .W i t h sev er a l subj e ct s the v e r b m a y agr ee w i th the n e a r es t

,

s i ngu l a r su bj e ct e s p e ci a lly if the s u bj e ct s fo ll o w the v e r b o r

, ,

a re gr o u ped t o ge t h e r o r fo r m a cl i ma x
,

$ 0 1 b6i iit 1 8a m l111 b m 6g611 Wi nd a nd r a i n are pa s t

‘

. .

®6l b unb (Sj ut iit bin M o n ey a nd w ealt h a re go ne

. .

51361 111 69611 S hut 865 611 itebt Pr o pe rty r epu t a t i o n li fe a re a t

, , , ,

auf benfi ©piete st a k e .

3 W i t h t i tl e s o f r a nk a n d c o m pl i m e nt the v e r b is o ft e n in
.
,

the t hi r d pl ur a l i n a d d r ess a n d i n o ffi c i a l d o c u m e n t s

IB
‘
a6 m ii uj d pu gu ab ig g
e r au ? W h at do
yo u w i sh m a d am ? ,

e etue SJi aj efti t baben get ubt H is M aj e sty ha s b een pl ea sed

, ,

26 . e tc .

4 . T he r
a g ee m e nt of a v er b w it h a c o ll ect i v e is in ge ne r a l
the sa m e a s in E ngli sh .
 2 64 LE S SO N L v
]

263 . A ppos i ti v e Noun . 1 . A n o un in a ppo s i t i o n w i t h a no t he r

u sua lly a g ees r w i th i t in c ase
Star t 111 6i 11 111119 ft6 E
B rubet i ft C h a rl es, m y y o ungest b r o t he r ,
‘

,
1 ,

i t ant .
i s i ll .

Q ie fi t anfbeit 9 1 1 16,
‘

1116i11 66 T he ill ne ss o f C ha rl es m y ,

i gf
i i n t611 5 8 t 11 b61 6
‘

.
y o unges t b r o t her .

d
8 ) [16 6
9 31 116 16 S
t ar t, f6i11 6111 I m e t C harl es his y o unge s t ,

j gf B
ii u teu ‘ t ubet
. b r o t her .

2 . T he c a se o f a n o un in a ppo s it i o n a ft e r aI6 o r mie d epe nd s

u po n the sen se, the i nd e fi n i t e a rti cl e b e i ng o m i tt e d a ft e r até

b efo r e a n unq ua li fi ed no un

d
S ) fa uu te i bn 11 16 9 11 1 5 6 I k n e w him as a b o
y( w hen I

ate i d) eiu S i nabe mat) w a s a b o y) . .

d
S ) tau ut e i bu 11 1 6 fi n a b el t I k n ew him a s a b o y w he n b e
(
‘

at6 er eiu ftuabe m ar) wa s a b o y) . .

e ha s no b e tt e r fr i e nd t ha n I
(E
rr
bat fein en beiie t eu g t e u u b H .

a té mi d) .

(5 111 6111 51721 11116 mie @ i6 (66 A man lik e yo u is n o t to be

F
iinb) i it a i d) t 5u tr auen . tr ust ed .

NO T ES . 1 . 2116 i nd i t ca es i d ntit y
e a nd mi e co m pa ri so n : (Er fauunt
até fi bui g, He c o m es a s a k i ( a nd ) ; fi t fauuut mic ei u
’
‘
ng is o ne

He c o m es li k e a k i ng ’
( t ho ugh he m a y not be o ne) .

2 . Fo r a iti
ppo s o n i n e xp ess r i o ns o f
q ua n tit y , se e 1 1 2, 3; in titl es

a nd
p ro
pe r n a m e s, 1 8 2 , 1 88 .

264 . A ppos i ti v e A dj ect i v e . I . An uni n fl e c ted ad ej ct i v e or

p a rti ci pl e may t
s a nd in a ppo s i tion to a n o un
(usua lly the sub

j ec t)
b ie
T <
Bf erbe, B b out uge er: T he ho r ses, fr i ght e ne d b y the

id) red t , gingen bur d)

tr a i n ra n a wa y .
,
.

2 U nl e ss the a ppo si t i o n i s w i t h the subj e ct the Engli sh a p

. .

po si tiv e c o n str u ct i o n sho ul d b e r e nd e re d i n t o G e r m an b y a

sub o r d i n a t e cl a us e

8 d) babe b ie l i br D61 l 0 1 611 , bie I ha v e l o st the

‘

wa tc h giv e n me
SBatet 11i ii id) enti c b y fa t he r
‘

. .
22 6 GER MA N G RA MM A R 264

NO T ES .
—I . T he a ppo s itive a d ec j tiva l c o ns truc ti o n fre quen t
, i n Eng
li s h, i s b ut s pa ng ri l y use d i G rm n n e a .

2 . T he a ppos itive c o nstr uct o n in y b e repl ac e d i a b y the at tri b utive c o n

struc ti o n , fo r w hi c h se 298 e .

E X E RCIS E LV

A .
Ql arge num b e r o f guest s ha d b een i nv i t ed to the b all
A ,

b ut o nly [a] few w e r e pr ese n t 2 N o t m o r e t ha n a d o z e n ha d . .

c o m e a t 9 O cl o ck A m o ng t hese w a s the si s t e r o f (the)

’
.

C o unt B the G e r m a n a mb a ssa d o r

.
, 4 [Yo ur] M aj esty is . .

a l wa y s i n the r i gh t 5 Do yo u w a n t the c a rr i age a t o nc e

. .
,

m a d a m (gnii big6 8 1 1 11) T he el d e s t d aught e r o f H e n ry the

Se v ent h K i ng o f E ngl and m a rr i e d J a m e s the F o urt h K i ng o f
, , ,

Sc o tl and 7 T hese w e r e the gr an d pa r en t s o f M a ry St ua rt

. .
,

Q u e e n o f Sc o tl a nd 8 T h e c i ty o f D r e sd e.n i s t h e c api ta l o f
.

the k i ngd o m o f Saxo ny 9 H a v e yo u e v e r s een W i lli a m the . .

Se c o nd the p r ese n t G e r ma n E m pe r o r ?
,
I saw hi m as a
bo y b ut n o t si nc e he ha s b e c o m e E m pe r o r
,
When I saw .

hi m he wa s r i d i ng t hr o ugh the pa rk w i t h P ri nc e H en ry his

, ,

y o unge r b ro t he r A m ulti t ud e o f hu m a n b e i ngs l os t t he i r

.

l i v es the e a rt hq ua k e r3 The gr ea t e r pa rt o f the . .

i nha b i t ant s o f M essi na peri shed .

B .

@
D ea r fa t her a n d (d m o t he r I a m so rry yo u ha v e ,

ha d to wa i t fo r us so l o ng a sk e d yo u a s m y O l d e st .
,

fr i end to ass i st, 3 ri ght ; yo u hav e no b ett er .

fr i e nd t han s i nd e ed o ne c a n al wa y s tr ust a fri e n d , ,

lik e yo u n am e o f m y b r o t her G eo r ge s t ea c he r i s
.
’

M o se r 6 T o d o ri ght an d to b e happy is o ne a nd the

. .

sa me
[t hi ng] 7 T he G . o pl e ( Qi ol f n
.
) ar e i s m o s t
( ) ,
.

i nt e ll i gent and i nd ustr i o us a v e the b e gar 2 0 pfe nni gs ,

a nd he we n t o n z en S i lv e r spo o ns

c o sts fo rty a rc
) hi s c o nd uct .
,

I went awa y at a n d Br aun ha v e a

l a rge d epa rtm e ll e r Str e e t 1 2 I w a s no t . .

spea k i ng w i t h E l sa y o u r e l d est si st er b ut w i t h C l a ra y o ur
, , ,

y o ungest si st er ® T he t ea c he r is sa ti sfi ed w i t h the ex erci ses

.

wr i tt en b y his pupi l s .
 G ER MAN GR AM MA R

2 . So m e v er b s of r ega r d i ng c o n si d er i ng , , d e cl a ri ng, e tc .
,

s i mi l arly t ak e an a cc usa t i v e w i t h ai 6

S d) hett ad fle ibn 11 16 6i11611 geiab . I c o n 5 1d e r hi m a n en e m y .

NO TE .
Q ui teu a k es ii t
f t ‘
S d) hatt e i bn iti t 6i 11 611 911 1611 ?)Ji aun
‘

n i d er him go o d m a n
’
‘
I co s a .

3 . V er b s of c ho o si ng e l ect i ng a ppo i n t i ng e tc usual ly t a k e

, , , .
,

511 a rt i cl e , bu t so m e t im es ha v e a n a cc u sa t i v e w it h (1 16

man b l t6 i
lna b gf
u 6 161 11 5 11111 T he y c hose hi m as c ha i r m an
at
( )e Qi at i
fg t eu beu y est er d a y . .

NO T E —T h p d i at e
. e re c a ce . in all t h ese tru ti n b ec mes a m m
c o ns c o s o o .

i n th e p iv ©6i m id)
ass e
‘

I . ma r be bet $ 0 9l 61 ( F w l r ) geunaut;
‘
o e

murbe a te Qi at fi tgeubet gemabtt .

A ccusa t i v e . T he cc usa t i v e is used a d verb i

a

ti me ‘
w hen an d ho w l o ng p ri c e,
’
an d

2, 4) 5 l
a so w ay or r o a d a ft e r v er b s o f m o t i o n
ge enb g ie W hi c h w ay a re yo u go i ng ?

269 A ccus a ti v e Ab s ol ut e T he cc usa t i v e i s o ft e n use d

“

. . a

l t ly to fo r m ad v e r b i a l
a b so u e p h r a s e s, e i t he r w i t h o r w i t ho u t a n

a dj e ct i v e o r pa rt i c i ple
9 611
$ 2341 in ber Q aub . H a t in ha nd .

fb ie g a e empat gebobeu m . Wi t h ha n d s up l i ft ed .

E XE RCIS E LV I

(a c h i l d I a l wa y s use d to s a
As a
y t ha t I m e a n t to b e a
so l d i e r 2 I e nt e r e d the a r m y a t (111 it) t w e n ty (y ea r s) as li e u
. .

t e na n t I r em a i ne d a li eut e n a n t te n y ea r s bu t no w I a m
.
,

a c a pt a i n a n d I e x pe ct to b e c o m e a
, gen er a l i n the c o ur se o f
ti ng E n gli s hm en th e D uk e o f W e ll i n t o n i s
( )
th e m e 4 A m o . .

g
T hey re ga
c all e d the I r o n D uk e @
“
rd hi m a s o n e o f the
'
'

gr e a t es t ge n er a l s t ha t e v e r l i v e d 6 T he G e r m ans c a ll Bis . .

m a rck “
the I r o n C ha n c e ll o r I n 1 8 62 Pr i n c e Bi sm a rck
”
7 . .
 L ESS O N L V I

b ec a m e pr i m e m i ni st e r o f Pr ussi a a nd i n 1 8 7 1 c ha n c e ll o r o f the
G e r m a n E m pi r e 8 H e w as m a d e (61 1161111611) a d uk e by the
. .

E m per o r Wi lli a m I I w hen the l a tt e r d i sm i ssed him in 1 8 9 0

, .

A sk t ha t s tr a nge r w ha t his n a m e i s H e say s hi s n a m e .

i s M ey e r a nd t ha t he i s a c o m m e rci a l tra v e ll e r
,
H e r e we .

m u st pa rt ; yo u m us t go y o ur w a y a n d I w i ll go m i ne , .

O ur n e i ghb o ur s so n is a nyt hi ng b ut po li t e t hi s m o r ni ng he
’

c a m e in a t the fr o n t d o o r hi s hat o n his hea d a nd his ha nd s in

-
,

his po ck e t s .

O ne of m y b r o t he r s i s phy si c i a n a n d the o t he r is a
a

W hen I was at
(auf, fl a t ) the hi gh sc ho o l , .

Mr . t a ught m e E ngli sh a nd M r S t aught m e c he m i stry

B . . . .

E v e ry b o d y t ho u ht M r B a n e x c e ll en t t e a c he r 4 On
3 .
g . . . .

t hi s a cc o unt he w a s c ho sen hea d m ast er I n the e l e m en t a ry -

s c hoo l s the c hil d r e n a re t a ug ht w r i ti ng a nd ,

a rit hm e ti c 6 T he fo o l r e m a i ns a fo o l hi s [w ho l e] li fe l o ng
. . .

W hen wa t e r fr e e z es i t t ur ns to i c e ; w he n i c e m elt s i t t urns

to w a t e r aga i n ra F a ll s a re r e a r d e d a s o n e o f
'

T he N .
g
the w o n d e r s o f the w o rl d A s a y o ung m a n A b r a ha m L in
.

c o l n w as a cl e rk in a s t o r e ; l a t e r ho w e v e r he b e c a m e a l aw , ,

y er
.. I n 0 h e w a s e l e ct e d P r e s i d en t o f the

U n i t e d St a t es . N apo l eo n was a ppo i n t e d ge n e r a l .

~

i n c hi e f o f the
- i n I t a ly
@ I n 1 7 9 9 he b e c a m e .

fi r st c o n sul a n d a ft e r wa r d s e mper o r .

C . L esestuc ke Fr em d e r vo m L a nd e auf Besuc h in

: 1 . E in
L o nd o n wo llt e e i n e m K o nz ert e b ei w o hn en E r e rk und i g t e si c h .

a m Sc halt e r na c h d e m Pr e i se d e r S i tz e V o r d e r s i tz e z we i
“
.
,

Shi lli ng ; R uc ksi tz e ei ne n Shi lli ng Pr o gr a m m e e i n e n P e nny

”
.
, ,

N a d a nn geb en Sie m i r e in P ro gra m tn : d a r au f s itzt s ic h s

’

sc ho n ga nz b e q u e m sa gt e d e r Fr e m d e
”
.
,

2 Ein Di c ht e r sa n d t e e i ne n Ba nd se i ne r G e d i c ht e a n e i ne n
.

Bek a nn t e n u n d b at d e n se l b e n i hm z u sage n w as e r d a v o n ha lt e , , .

E r e r hi e l t fo l ge nd e A n t w o rt I c h hab e I hr W e rk ge l e se n und
ha b e se lt e n e i n Buc h m i t gro ti ere m V e rgnii gen n i e d e r gel e gt .
"
 GE R MA N GR A M MA R

L E SSON L VII
27 0 . Gen i t i v e . T he G er m an geni t i v e i s m uc h the
u se o f the

sa m e a s t ha t o f the E ngli sh po ssess i v e, o r the o bj ecti v e w i t h o f

’
.

27 1 . P osi ti on of Geni t i v e . T he geni t i v e mo r e u sua lly fo llo ws

the go v e r ni ng n o u n, un e ss l the ge n it i v e i s a pe r so n na m e

® a6 Sé aue ut eiueé gt euubee . M y fr i end s ho use ’

.

© d) i l161 6 QBet fe . T he w o rk s o f Sc hi ll e r .

27 2 . Geni ti v e w i th A dj ecti v es a nd V erb s . 1 . So m e G e r ma n

j ct i v es go v er n a gen i t i v e
ad e lly c o rr espo nd i ng of
’
,
u sua to a n

c o nstr uct i o n i n E ngl ish

61 i ii f g ad w gemi fg
6i11 61 . H e is r
c ase
su e o f hi s .

1111161 61 ? ctuug lb ii l big

‘

. W o rt hy o f o ur r espe ct .

59 66 93 0 1 666 id) ll l big . G ui lty o f m ur d e r .

NO TE .
—20 6 ,
ri d o f,
’
t a ke s a c c . : S d) ni bd) t6 i bn [ 0 610 61 b611,
‘

I s ho u d l
li ke to g et r i d o f him ; w h b all , fu o f, the 210 0 is m o e u su a : $ 1 6
’
it ll ’
. r l
©i a 6 i ft b oll f8 6i “, T he g ass i s fu o f w n e gemi fg, c e a n o f, miibe, l ll i rt i
’

tir
e d o f,
’
a ke a c e o f n eu pto n , b u t ge n o f n o.u n S d) bin 66 g611 i f3, I
1
‘
t r . . .

am ce rt i n
it ; 3 d) bin D66 5831 1 1611 6 mube I m tir d f w iti g
a of
’
,
a e o a n .
’

2 T he G er m an e q u i v a l e n t s o f m a ny E n gl i sh tr a nsi t i v e v e r b s
.

t a k e a geni tiv e
(5 1 gebad) i 6 bi6f61 E atiad w H e m en t i o ne d t hi s fa c t . .

S d) bebat f S b1 61 Q il fe I n ee d y o u r hel p . .

3 V e r b s o f a ccusi ng c o n v i ct i ng a cq ui tt i ng d e pr i v i ng a nd
.
, , , ,

so m e o t he r s t a k e a ge ni t i v e o f the r e m o t e r o bj ect
,

9321 11 fl agt i bn D66 E morbeé an H e is acc used o f m urd e r . .

b er $ fti d fi eutbuubeu R el i e ve d o f d uty

”
. .

4 I mpe r so na l v e r b s e x pr e ss i ng m e nt a l a ffe cti o n t a k e a ge n i

.

t i v e o f the r e mo t er o bj ec t (the c aus e o f the e mo t i o n)

6 36 j ammer t mid) fei uet I pi ty hi m . .

were) t eut mei ner @ auben I r e pen t o f m y si ns

'

. .

N O T ES — l S o m e f th
. v rbs a e l used pers n lly w it h the
. o e se e r a so o a

use
a f the e m o ti n
o s ub j (5 1 j a unuet t ra i d) ; mei ue © ii ubeu r euen
o as . :

mi d) .

2 . Fo r the ge n . af e tr r efl . v e rb s , s e e 1 50 .
 GE R MA N GR AM MA R

27 7 . E th i cal Dat i v e . T he d a t i v e is use d fr eely i n G e r m a n

to d e no t e the pe r so n w ho ha s so m e i nt e r es t in a n a cti o n or

thi ng, a n d w he n so e m pl o y e d is c a ll ed the e t hic a l d a tiv e,

’
or

d a t i ve of i n t er est "

Eu 111 i1 baa nid) t D o n t d o t ha t ( I tel l yo u)

’
. .

$ 11 bi ll 1l l i 1 6i11 11 61161 58 111 16) i A n i c e fell o w yo u a re I

g ebt mi t 11 111 bie J us t l o o k a t t hes e fi ne a ppl e s .

NO TE — F or ( l a t. w it h pr e ps .
, se e L e ss o ns X XV I I a nd X XX I I ; fo r
po s s e si e d a t
s v .
, se e 1 63 .

E X E RC IS E L V II
A 9tt6 éBeujaut iu gt auttia eiu tteiuet S uuge mar, begeg
‘
‘ ’
.

nete ibm eiuee fa tten 9320 1 96116 eiu 9Ji auu, bet ei ne 9I tt tr ug .

Er ttopfte bem Si a abeu freuubtid) auf bie © d)utter uub fr agte

‘

O emi fg, er mi
“
i bu, ob iei n E ater ei nen ©d flei flteiu babe .

ber te i bm bet fi teiue . fDu bi ff mit eiu bii bj d) er S unge, j agte

bet gt embe gu ibm mi ttjt bu mit er tauben , uteiue 9trt barauf
“
gu j d) teifeu QBorte ergabtt {yrauftitu
?
,

teu mei ner (Eitetteit uub i d) aa tmortete i bm : 9i ed) t get ue .

Q uart ftreid) ette bet 936m m1l1 it bie 93ad e unb bat mi d) i bm eiu ,

menig bei fgee 933ajj et 5a boteu 9iud) baé touute i d) i bm a i d) t .

abid flageu ba er 11tit fa freuubti d) 3a j eiu febieu uub i d) brad) te

, ,

i bm ei nen Si efj et b olt D auu j a br ber gt embe far t : SJi bd u eft

’
.

bu 111 i1 mobt eiu paar Wiuuteu beu g ebteiffteiu br eben ? S d)

mad) te ra i d) tbridfi ermeiie au bie 9trbeit unb brebte bie mit ,

Rabi S Rii d eu uub 9i rrue met

,
) taten 9I t6 bie 9111 fet ti g mar .
,

gab 111 i1 bet 912m m uuet martet e iue t feige uub ri ef: SDie
g ebutgtb d e bat { d) au taugjt getautet ! 9fi ad) e baig bu for t ,
s

forma it fteiuer é rbtiuget fouft gebt 66 bit id) ted) t

, © iei6 , .

S egebeubeit j agt {gr ani ti c meiter i it mit iut fpci tereu Bebeu
'

, , "

j ebeemat ei ngefal l en menu i d) merfte baf; j emanb 111 i1 ober

, ,

anbeten gu [ei nem ei genen 930 rteit j d) meid) etu mattte {Dana .
.

bad) i e i d) 111i1 i mmer : ® em mature i ft a i d) t 5a tr auen ber bat ,

bit gemi fg eiue 9111 3a id) l a ien .

 277
] L ES S O N L VII 23
3

B . O r al e xe rci se on the a bo ve .

C . 1 . Go o d c hil d r en o be y t he i r pa e n sr t a nd fo ll o w t he i r
ad vic e . 2 . T hi s ho us e i s to o
iv e fo r m e 3 I e x pe ns . . sho u l d

l ik e to ge t rid o f i t b ut no b o d y w ill b uy i t fr o m m e 4 A
,
. .

g o o d ki ng i s e v e r m i nd ful o f his subj e ct s 5 H i s su bj e c t s a re . .

n o t a l wa y s gr a t e ful to hi m 6 T he e m pe r o r t ha nk e d the c ha n
. .

c ello r a n d r e l i e v e d hi m o f his d u ty 7 I t is n o t w o rt h w hil e . .

to r ea d suc h a b o o k 8 I a m so rry t ha t I b e ga n i t
. .
9 In . .

A m e r i c a peo pl e d o n t li k e to tr a v e l sec o n d cl ass I s the

’
10 . .

e n tl e m a n w ho m w e m e t j us t n o w a n a c q ua i n t a n c e o f y o u r s ?
g
1 1 . N o he i s a n e n t i r e str a nge r ( guns fremb) to m e
,
1 2 He . .

r esem b l es m y fri e nd Sc hafe r v ery m u c h 1 3 I sho ul d b e gl ad . .

o f the o ppo rt un i ty to m a k e hi s a c q u a i n t a n c e .

M y ne i ghb o ur has b e e n a cc used o f fo r ge ry 2 I d o

1 . . .

n o t b e li ev e t ha t he i s c a pa b l e o f su c h a cri m e 3 H e is a m an . .

w ho is w o rt hy o f a ll r es pe ct 4 I a m o f the sa m e O pi n i o n a n d . .
,

I a m c o nvi n c e d o f ( 110 11) hi s i nno c en c e 5 All hi s fr i end s a re . .

c ert a i n o f his a c q ui tt al 6 T he y w ill d o w ha t t he y c an to a ss i st

. .

hi m 7 W ha t i s the m a tt e r w i t h yo u to d ay ? Y o u se e m to m e
-
. .

to b e v e ry s a d 8 M y fa t he r has fo r b i dd e n m e to a tt e n d the
. .

fo o t -b a ll ga m e 9 H e n e e d s m y he l p a t h o m e I o ft e n
‘

. . 1 0 . .

hel p hi m m o r ni ngs a nd e v e n i ngs .

E . 1 . I m et a man o ne co ld m o r n i ng . 2 . He c a ll e d me a

n i c e littl e b o y a nd pa tt ed m e o n the sho ul d er 3 Do yo u . .

“

t hi nk y o ur fa t he r w o ul d a ll o w m e to gri nd m y a xe o n his gri n d

st o n e ? I a m c e rt a i n o f i t I a n sw e r ed him W o ul d n t
“ ” “ ” ’

4 .
5 ,
. .

l ik he l p m e to g ri nd ttf e a x e ? 6 A s he see m ed to m e
‘

y o u e to .

to b e so fri e nd ly I c o ul d n o t r e fuse hi m t hi s
, 7 W ell j ust get . .
,

m e a k e ttl e full o f ho t wa t e r 8 N o w t ur n the gr i nd s t o ne fo r . .

m e a fe w m i nut es 9 I was so o n tir ed o f the wo rk a nd m y

. .
,

b a ck an d a r m s w er e so r e 10 But he wo ul d n t a ll o w m e to
. .
’

st o p t ill the w o rk w a s d o n e 1 1 A S l o ng a s he ne ed ed m y . .

hel p he fl a tt er e d m y v a n ity 1 2 W hen the ax e w a s d o n e he . .

w a nt ed to ge t rid o f m e a t o n c e 1
3 So he ga v e m e a b o x o n . .

the e a r a n d t o l d m e I sho ul d go to sc ho o l
, 14 T he sc no o r . .
2 34 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

b e ll ha d lr ea d y rung a n d I w en t m y w ay sa d ly 1 5 T hi s
a , . .

o cc u rr en c e o ft e n c a m e to m y m i n d a ft e r w a r d s 1 6 I sa i d to . .

m y sel f : Do n t tr ust t ho se w ho ha v e a n a xe fo r yo u to gr i nd
’
.

17 .T hey w i ll fl a tt e r yo u to t h e ir o w n a d v a nt age .

L E S S O N L VII I

27 8 . Th e I nd i ca tiv e Mood . T he i nd i c a t i v e i s the m o o d of

r e a l i ty a nd d i r ec t t t
s a em e n t or q uest i o n .

27 9 . The P res ent . 1 . T hi s t e nse a ns w e s r to a ll the E ngl i s h

fo r ms the s am e t e nse (tag i d) l obe I p r a i se, am pr a i s
’
of .

i ng ,
’ ‘
do a nd is u se d to d e no e a t ct i o n no w go i ng o n,

or to s tate a ge ne r a l fa ct or c us t o m
m
.

2 . I e rfec t to g i ve gre at eu i xidness to _

hi s t o ric l a na rra t i v e
nly he t
B g b fi
‘l d l i c fi n et 6 1 ba 6 $ 0 1 ,
Su d d e o pen s the ga e,

1111 b 6i11 Z i g61 ftfi t at b61 a116 a nd a t i er r ushes o ut

g . .

3 . I t is l a so used to d e no e w ha t
has ha ppen ed t a nd s t i ll con

tinues, e spe c i a lly w i t h {d) 0 11 , f6i t, a nd feitbem

233k l ange iii 61 fd) 011 franf ? H o w l o ng ha s he b e e n i ll ?

g ei tbem et tranf iit, fann er H e ha s n o t b e en a b l e to sl eep
nid) t {d) Iafen s i n c e he ha s b e e n i ll
. .

4 . I t is t
o f e n u se d fo r the fu t ur e, a s so m e t i m es i n E n gl i sh

S d) famine 1110 1 13611 mi6b61 . I r e t ur n to - m o rr o w .

28 0 The I mperfect
. . 1 . T hi s i s the past t ens e o f hi st o r i c a l
na rra t i v e ; i t a l so d eno t es c us t o m a ry , r e pea t e d , o r c o nte mpo ‘

ra n eo us a ct i o n a n swe r i ng to the E ngl i sh fo r m s wa s d o i ng,

‘ ’
,

use d to d o, ’
e tc

S j n ed) 6 Eugen i ) i
d a (S o tt b i e I n s ix d a y s G o d cr ea t ed the

111th ruhte 11 111 i o rl d a nd r est e d the

f e w o n ;
,

5 6111611 . s even th .

(5 1 ging ieb611 i t1 g (111 6 . He used to go o ut e v e ry d a y .

61 mad) te, mab1 611b i d) febtief . H e was w a tc hi ng w hil e I sl e pt .

 GER MA N G RA M MA R

28 5 . Th e S ubj unct i v e Mood . r . T he j

sub un cti v e i s the
moo d of i nd i r e ct s ta t e m e n t a nd o f su ppo se d o r u n r ea l c o nd i ti o n .

T he pr ese n t
2 .
j ct i v e a l so r e l ac es the
s ub u n
p m i ssm g p er so ns
o f the i m pe r a t i v e 1 1 6 I
) ,
.

3 T he i m pe r fe c t a n d pl u pe r fe c t subj unct iv e
. m ay b e use d to

e x pr es s a w i sh

23 1 1 6 i d) bei S bnen (gemeien) ! Wo ul d t ha t I we r e (ha d b e en)

w i t h yo u 1

4 . T he ct i v e is u se d i n c l a uses e xpr e ssi ng

s ub u n
j pur po se,
e spe c i a lly a ft e r a pas t t e n se in the go v e r n i ng c l a use ,
w it h the

c o nj un ct i o ns bafg (1111 ba fz 00 111 11

, ,

(5 1 61116,( f buff
er ni d) t 311 {pat fame
au ba fz
m
.
H e ha s t e ne d i n
to o la te .
o rd e r no t to be

5 T he i m pe r fe ct subj unct i v e
. is so me t i mes u sed to exp ess r
po ssi b i li ty

$ 1 3 9111136 Tha t m i ght po ssi b ly d o .

3 di bii cbte has mar e gut . I sho ul d t hi n k t ha t m i ght d o

'

NO T E —F or th e u s e of th e j
su b un c tive in i d ir t st t em ents
n ec a , se e

9 1 ; fo r i ts use in c ond iti o na l se t

n e n c e s, se e 10 6 .

28 6 I mperat i v e Mood
. . 1 . T he i mpera t i v e e x p essesr com

m an d o r en tr ea ty .

2Fo r 111 11611 w i t h i m per a t i v e fo rc e , se e

. 1 1 7 fo r 10 11611 a s
i m pe ra tiv e, se e 1 2 2 , 2 ; o t he r sub s ti t ut es fo r the i m pe ra tiv e
a re the pr ese n t an d fut ur e i nd i c a t i v e , and , in l
e xc a m a o t ry
cl auses , the i nfi n i tiv e , the pa st pa rtic i pl e , o r an a d v e rb o r ad

v erb i al phr ase

(b u bIei bit (mirit bl eiben) ! Y ou t y

s a 1

St a n d t i ll s

§ 0 1 1 11111 ibm ! A w a y w i t h hi m
 § 2 86 j L ES SO N L V I II 23 7

E X E RC I S E L V III
A . 1 . N o w I m ust [ b e] o ff
( for t) , b ut I r e t ur n nex t wee k .

My b i rt hd a y fa ll s on the ( auf D611 ) 3 o th o f ( the ) n ex t

h . l o ng ha s C ha rl es b e e n l ear ni ng Fr enc h ?
3 . How
e ha s b e e n l ea r ni ng i t s i nc e hi s fi ft h y ea r h e Se h r o .

ha v e be e n vi si ti ng a t o ur ho use fo r a fo rt b ut t he y
l ea v e us to m o rr o w 6 M y c o us i n a rr i v e d o nly y es t e r d a y
-
. .

m o r ni ng s te rd a y e v e n i ng he se t o ut aga i n
. a s he ha d ,

p r o m i se d t h o m e to d a y 8 N o d o ub t he ha s a rriv e d -
. .

b y t hi s ti m e 9 I suppo se he w i ll w r i t e a s so o n [ a s] he a rriv es
. . .

10 I s ha ll ha v e l ea r nt my l esso ns be fo r e the cl o ck s tr i k e s n i ne
. .

I w a s has t e n i ng in o r d e r t ha t e v e ryt hi ng m i g ht b e fi ni shed

re n i n e o cl o ck So m e o f us had fi ni shed ha l f a n ho ur
’
1 2 . .

b e fo r e the cl o ck str uck 13 A l l a b o a r d ! The tr a i n st a rt s i n . .

tw o m i nu t e s .

B . We go away
r . mo rr o w a n d w e d o n t k no w when w e to - ,
’

sha ll b e b a ck 2 T he r e i s a k no c k [ a t the d o o r ]
. . no d o ub t

i t is the po st m an 3 H e c o mes e v e ry d ay a t a b o u t t hi s ti me
. . .

4 M y fr i e n d Sc hl ege l has b een a t the U n iv e r si ty fo r fi v e

.

y ea r s 5 W hen I w a s a t the U n i v e r si ty I use d to spend m y

. .
,

ho li d a y s i n the Bl a ck F o r est e v e ry su mm e r 6 N o d o ub t yo u . .

e nj o y e d y o ursel f v e ry m uc h 7 R o b ert w o u l d a l w ay s pl a y . .

w he n he sho ul d ha v e b een w o rki ng 8 T he t e l egr a ph w as i n . .

v e nt ed by a n A m e ri c a n na m ed ( 11 0 111 6116) M o r se 9 A no t he r . .

A m e ri c a n na m e d H o w e i nv e nt e d the sewi ng-m a c hi n e 1 0 J o hn . .

,

yo u w ill br i ng M r B t hi s l ett er a nd w a i t fo r a n a n sw e r . .
,
.

1\ I ha d b een o nly t w enty -fo ur ho u r s i n Sa n Fr a n ci s c o whe n

.
\ /
11 e e a rthq ua ke t o o k pl a c e O nly d ri v e q ui ckly c o a c hman
\
1 2 . .
,

D r i v e q u i ckly

ZC
’
/ . T he v i e xp ess r
and tr ai n a rr i v es t hi s e en ng a t

l eav es a t 7 5 5 2 I suppo se yo u are t i r ed a ft e r y o ur l o ng

. . .

j o ur n e y 3 H o w l o ng ha v e yo u b ee n l i v i ng i n t hi s str ee t ?
. .

\ 4
\
Fo r the l ast t hr ee y ear s 5 U n cl e ha d b een a fo rt ni ght i ll . .
,
238 G E RMAN GR AM MA R 287

b e fo r e he k ne w w ha t w a s the m a tt e r w i t h hi m 6 Go d gr a nt . .

t ha t his i ll n ess may no t b e ser i o us ! 7 H e i s no t v e ry il l ; I .

[

d o ub t n o t he w ill ge t we ll i n a few d a y s
® H e k ep t o n ( for t . s

o rk i ng t o ugh he sho u l d a v e b een

3 )
11 w h ,
h i n b ed .

W o ul d t ha t he ha d fo ll o w ed m y a d vi c e ! Q3) H e wa s j us t
a b o u t to se t o u t fo r E u r o pe w he n he fe ll 10 61 0611 ill
( ) 41 1 M ak e .
— .

n o no i se ( tr a n sl a t e i n d i ffe r en t w a y s c i l d r en till I c o m e ba ck
) h , ,
.

D . R e v i e w Exe rc i ses XX V I a nd X XV I I I .

E .
Qeieftud
© 0 110 ! Q ie z ut en au fgetart !
33 61 311 , 10 61 bbren mi l l ,
" ’

i d) bin ber g erbft, eiu Iuit ger 932m m,

’

i d) ni d) i Iunge iti II !

f b ) j erft unb ©0 f6t ein

’
i
’
g ent d (S ‘

a r

unb tr ag ben (Erntefrang,

’

unb ubenbb 00 1111 bei m fii bfen 23

3601
mad) id) Sfi uiif unb Z ang
’
.

11110 mor gen Baum binauf!

’
auf bi e S
fl opf meg unb aufgepaiét !
g ei ! mie has rot unb gel b gubauf
berunteritbl ci gt 0 0 111 2111 !
'

3 d) bin ber 55 61 011 i br fer met mid), ,

i d) itei) nid) t ger ne fri ll

’
.

33 0 110 33 0 110 ! br um tumml e ii d)

, ,

10 61 frfibi i d) merben lnitI l

L E S S O N L IX

28 7 . I nfi ni t i v e w i thout 50 . T hi s fo r m i s used as fo ll o w s
1 . W i t h 10 61 0611 to fo r m the fut ur e t ense ,
a nd w i h the
t mo d al
a ux i li a r i es bii rien fonnen Ia iien,
''

, ,
zc .
 GER MA N GR AM M A R

N o n a — Where 5 11 ) r the j tive m ay b e

’
e c e d es ad ec us e d
‘
to o p , 11111

(5 1: 111 511 110 13, 11111 5 11 06116111,

‘
H e is to o pro u d to b eg .
’

5 . A ft e r 16111 , 1116111611, w i h passi e fo

t v rc e
@ 16 111 1111 9611 06 511 1111 0611 . She is n o whe e r to b e fo und .

66 116111 511 61 10 1 1 1611 . I t i s to b e ex pe ct ed .

(5 6 11161111 0 161 511 11111 . M uc h r e m a i n s to b e d o ne .

NO TE — O b serve the foll i l i d i m w ith 00 11611 :

o w n g a n a o o us
g o 3 11) 111 116
i
e nen 231 161 511 id) rei beu, ‘
I h ve
a l tt r to w rit e
a e e .
’

E X E R CIS E L IX

A . I . Fr a nkl i n t ur n the gr i nd st o ne 2 H e
T he m a n l e t . .

w o u l d no t l et hi m st o p till the a x e wa s d o n e 3 I f yo u se e . .

a n y b o d y c o m e i n pl ea s e t ell m e ( i t
) W, e he a r d so m e b o d y .

w a lki ng b ehi nd us s t o o d sti ll r e m a i n ed st a n d i ng a t

( .
)
the c o r n er to see w ho
é ) H e l p m e to d o t hi s w o rk a n d ,

I w i ll he l p yo u to d o y o u r ex erci se s M y b r o t he r s w a n t e d .

to go fi shi ng b ut fa t he r b a d e t he m st a y a t ho m e
, 8 I w i sh yo u . .

to he a r w ha t I ha v e to sa y ; d o n o t e x pe ct m e to k e e p si l e n t

a l wa y s 9 M y fa t he r w i she s m e to c o m e ho m e b e fo r e te n
. .

o c l o ck Sc hl e gel m y s c ho o l m a t e ha s go n e to Be rli n to
’
IO . .
, ,

st u d y m e d ic i n e 1 1 We s ta i d a t ho m e y e st e r d a y to r ec e i v e
. .

y o u b,
u t yo u d i d n ot com e M y e l d es t b r o t he r ha s ha d .

the m i s fo rt u ne to b r ea k a n a r m 1 3 H e is v ery m u c h to b e . .

pi t i e d I 4. I ha v e a d o z e n l e tt e r s to w ri t e
. 1
5 I sha ll n o t . .

ha v e t i m e e no ugh to w ri t e t he m a ll t hi s e v e n i ng 1 6 I s ho ul d . .

l ik e to go fo r a w alk b efo r e d i nner 1 7 We a re al way s gl a d . .

to see o u r fri e n d s .

. 5} Who
he sa y s he fo r go t to b ri n g t he m u ps t a ir s
has l e ft t he s e b o o k s l yi ng
J o hn
Y o ung pe o pl e
on the

.
t ab l e ? 2 .

s ho ul d no t r e m a i n s i tt i ng w hil e o l d e r p eo pl e a re o b li ged
to st a n d a m gl a d to m a k e the a cq ua i n t a n c e o f 1611 11611
.

(
m

Iernen) this g en tl e m a n 5 I hav e hea r d (say) t ha t the c e l e . .

b ra te d st a t es m an M i s c o m i ng he r e 6 I sho u l d l i k e to hea r
. . .

hi m speak a m so rry n o t to hav e hea r d hi m w hen he w as

.

he r e { 8 2T ho se w ho ha v e no t l ear ned to o b ey ha v e no t ye t
. .
 2 89 ] L ESSO N L X 241

l ear ned to c o mm a n d .
9 . E v e ry b o d y b e li e v e d M r H a rt ma nn
.

to be ric h m a n b ut he ha s b e c o me b a n kr upt 1 0 Y e s he
a ,
. .
,

t hought hi m se l f to b e ric he r t ha n he r ea lly w as 1 1 I f yo u . .

w i sh m e to w a it w ri t e to m e a t o nc e ,
1 2 A w ell k n o w n . .
-

p r o v e r b sa y s M a n 061 931611 1
( 10) d o e s n o t liv e to ea t ,

b ut e a t s to liv e Y o u w ill b e gl a d to l ea r n (61 10 01 611) t ha t

.

w e m ea n to vi si t yo u n ex t w ee k 14 M y si st e r i s s till to o . .

y o ung to go to sc ho o l 1 5 A re t her e a ny ho uses to se ll i n . .

y o ur str ee t ? A Whe ther the pr i so ner is i nno c en t o f t hi s

cr i me r e m a i ns to b e d eci d ed .

C L ese s ti i c k : E i n e s A b e nd s e r sc hi e n e in w urd ige r Bu r ge r

.

au f e i ne r St e r n w a rt e u n d sa gt e e r se i ge k o m m e n u m d e n M o nd , ,

d ur c hs T e l e sk o p z u se he n K o m m e n Sie n a c h fti nf St und e n .

w i e d e r ; d e r M o n d g e ht e r s t ge ge n z w e i U hr m o rge n frij h a u f ,

un d j e tzt i st es d o c h er s t n eu n U hr Da s we i l?) i c h r e c ht gu t
” ”
.
,

a n t w o rt e t e d er Besuc h D e shal b k o mm e ic h j a eb en j e tzt

“
.

w e n n e r erst au fg ega ngen i s t k a nn ic h i hn a uc h o hn e T e l esk o p

.

’
sehen)

L E SSON L X
289 . S ubsta nt i v al I nfi ni ti v e . 1 . A ny i nfi ni t i v e may b e used

i n the i
s ng u a l r a s a n eu e t r n o un o f the $ 10 1“ mo d el , a nd t ak e s
a c a pi t a l
© 6111 10 11168 9160611 111 10 1119 . H is l o ud t a lki ng i s a nno yi ng .

NO TE —S u . c h an i n fin itiv e h a s the fo r f th E gli h f rm i —i ng

ce o e n s - o n ,

d e no ti ng n g 00 3 261611,
a a c t, e .
‘
( the t
ac f ) r e d i ng
o f an E g
a ,
’
or o n .

n o un , eg 0 0 3 2613611,
.
‘
fe
’
li .

2 . T hi s
i nfi ni ti v e (w i t h o r w i t ho ut a dj u nct s) o ft en st and s a s
the subj e ct o f a v e r b pr e fe r a b ly w i t h 311 w hic h m us t b e us ed
, ,

w hen 65 pr e c e d es the pri nci pa l v e r b

3 1 61111 06 5 11 0 0 0611 111 T o ha v e go o d fri ends is b ett er

061161 , 1 13 1 6110 511 16111 . t ha n b e i ng r i c h .

i it angenehm, gel obt 511 I t is pl e a san t to b e pr ai sed .

merben,
2 4: G E RMAN GR AM MA R [5 2 90

29 0 . I nfini t i v e w i th P r e
pos i t i on s . 1 . O nly the pr epo si ti o ns
11111 , a nd Di me c a n go e n v r an i nfi ni tiv e (wi t h 311)
di r ectly , a nd t hen o n ly w i t h i d e n ti c al subj e ct

11111 5 11 11611115611
111 111) .
( I n o rd er) to v i si t m e .

91111111 11 [ anger 511 bl ei ben I ns t e ad o f s t ay i ng l o nge r

’

.
.

9 11116 6111 2150 1 1 511 10 13611 . Wi t ho u t sa y i ng a w o r d .

2 . O b se rv e fr o m the abo v e t ha t the E ngl i sh ger und o r ,

v e rb a l i n —i ng a nsw e r s to ,
t hi s G er ma n c o nstr u ct i o n ex c ept ,

a ft e r 11 111 .

3 T he E ngl i sh ge r und is a n o un a nd m ay st a n d a s subj e ct

.
,

o r o bj e ct i t m ust b e c a r e fully d i s t i ngui shed fr o m the E ngli sh

r n t a rt i c i l e w hi c h i s a ri a dj e ct i v e a n d w h ic h m us t r e fe r to
p e s e p p , ,

so m e no u n e x pr esse d o r un d e r st o o d a g Fi shi ng (ger un d subj

, ) ,
. .

i s exc i t i ng ( pa rtic i pi a l a dj ) I lik e fi shi ng (ger und o bj ) I a m

. .

t i r ed o f fi shi ng (ge r und o bj o f pr ep ) . .

4 The pr e po si t i o n go v er n i ng a n E ngl i sh ge r und i s n o t

.

a l wa y s r e q ui r ed i n G e r m a n a nd the
ge r und i s t hen r end e r ed
,

b y a n i n fi ni t i v e

9 16 ©0 116, gut 511

1 T he gi ft o f spe a ki ng w e ll .

(5 1: baé 511 10 13611 . H e ha s c a u se fo r sa yi ng t ha t .

5 . But w hen the G er m an c o nstr ucti o n r equ i r es a pr epo s it i o n ,

t hi s pr epo si t i o n i s put i nt o the go v e r ni ng cl a use a nd pr ec ed ed

by w hi c h r epr ese n t s the g o v e r n e d i nfi n i ti v e o r b0 1
3 cl ause

Brofefior 931 1111b61 2361 gt1 110611 Pr o fesso r M fi nd s pl easur e i n

‘ '

.
.

110 1 11 11 @ dj ari) 511 113161611

, pl a yi ng c hess .
.

130 6 (5510 61 11611651 110 1 111, 511 H appi n ess c o n si st s in b ei ng

”
:

11 1611611 511 16111 .c o nt e n t e d .

3 61) 11 1c1 a v e no o bj e cti o n

) 16 b0 g 6g 611 1
3 0 1
3 I h ,
to the

D0 6 ©0116 D61 10 11 11 mi r b ho use b e i n g so l d . .

6 A ge rund pr ec ed ed i n E ngli sh b y a no un in the po sses

.

s i v e, o r b y a p o ssessi v e a dj e cti v e , m us t b e r e nd e r e d b y a b0 3
1
cl ause
2 44 G ERMAN G RA MMAR

l ea r ni ng Fr enc h 1 1 We l ea r n to spea k Fr en c h whi l e spea k

. .

i ng Fr en c h H is b e i ng r i c h i s n o e x c use fo r his w a sti ng his

.

m o n ey I ha v e so m u c h to d o t ha t I d o n t k n o w w he r e
’
13. .

to b e g i n 14 I a m tir e d o f r ea d i ng ; i t is t i m e to r e t i r e to r e s t
. . .

B . 1 . v e r hea r the pr o v er b : Spee c h ( spea k i ng)

D id yo u e

s s ilv e r ; s il e nc e (b e i ng si l e n t ) i s go l d A c e rt a i n m an
”
?
’

2 .

c a ll e d his s o ns to him b e fo r e d yi ng a nd t o l d t hem t ha t

t he r e w a s a tr e a s ur e b uri e d i n his fi el d 3 A ft e r his d ea t h . .

t he y b ega n d i ggi ng ev e ry wher e w i t ho ut ho w ev e r fi nd i ng the , , ,

tr e a sur e 4 O ne o f t he m fi na lly guessed w ha t his fa t he r

. .

“
m ea n t “
Si nc e d i ggi ng the gr o u n d sa i d he w e ha v e
”
.
5 .
, ,

b e tt e r cr o ps a nd t ha t is w ha t fa t he r m e a n t
, Q Do n t allo w .
” ’

If to b e d i st u r b ed b y m y c o m i ng ; d o n t st o p w r i t i ng
’
.

er w r i ti ng t hi s l e tt e r I sha ll b e a b l e to t a lk w i t h yo u
,
.

o u sa y t ha t the m a tt e r i s q ui t e cl e a r b ut y o ur sa y i ng so ,

m a k e s n o d i ffe r e nc e
a O ur t ea c he r w o ul d a l w ay s i nsi s t o n
.

o ur w r i ti ng a G e r m a n e x e rc i se e v e ry Do n t m a k e
’
10 .

an
y m i st a k e s i n c o py i ng y o ur ex e rc i se o f sc o l d .

i n g u s pl e as e sho w u s ho w to a v o i d the m i s
,
1 2 O h no .

I nst ea d o f m y he l pi ng yo u a l wa y s yo u m ust l e a r n to hel p ,

y o ur selv es .

C . Seieftuif
3 d) gi ng im QBaIbe 3 d) molit eé br ed) en
’
,

6 0 i ii i mid) bin 33a iagt es fei n

’
,

unb nid) té 311 iucben , " © 0 H id) 311 111 SIBeIi en

$ 1 6 mar rnein © inn . (Sj ebrod wn iein

3 m g cfiatten {ahi d) S ci) gr a b é mi t a li

’
en

Gin Qfl ii mcben ftebn , Q fil ii rgi ein aué

en ,

Bum ®ar ten tr ug i d) 6

’
l ilii é terne i eucbtenb
S
e
’

518 ie ?I ugi ein id) en 91m bii bidyz n Sj

’

. aué .

li nb pfiangt 66 wi eber
’

91m iti iien D rt,

921 mgineigt es i mmer
li nb bl ii i) t in fort .
§ 29 53 LE§S O N LXI 24 5

L E SS ON L X I

29 3 . P arti ci p l es t hr e e pa rti c i pi a l fo r m s
. I . T he v er b ha s
“

n a m e ly the pr e se n t the pa s t a nd the fu t u r e pa ss i v e

, , ,

2 T he p a st pa rti ci pl e i s a r e gu l a r pa rt o f the c o m po u nd
.

t en ses o f the v e r b a nd o f the passiv e v o ic e Fo r the a dj e cti v a l

,
.

u se o f pa rt i ci pl es s ee b e l o w ,
.

294 P r es ent
. a nd P as t P a r ti ci pl es W hen u se d a s a d
. 1 .

j ec tiv es t he y are v a ri ab l e
,
or i nv a ri a b l e lik e o r d i na ry a dj e c tiv e s
$ 616 fciflafenbe Q inb . T h e sl e e p i n g c h i l d .

l li eine nerebrten (Si tern

E . M y ho n o ur e d pa r en t s .

GSie i ii befriebigt . She i s sa ti sfi e d .

2 . Li k e o t he r ad e j ct i v es t he y ,
m ay b e u sed su b s a n t t i v ely

S et meiienbe ; bie fli ermanbten . T he trav ell e r ; the r el a t i ve s .

3 . T hey l
a re a so u se d a s a d v e rb s :
Gr i it bebeutenb grfifier . H e is c o n si d e r a b ly t a ll e r .

Qi ué gegei net gel ehr t m . R e m a rk ab ly l e ar n e d .

NO T E —F .
~
or a
ppo s it ive p ti i pl ar c e , se e 264 .

4 .T he pa rt i ci pl e m ust fo ll o w al l i ts a d un j ct s ,
a nd co me at

the en d o f the phr a se

age d to the hi ghes t d e gr e e

Bi6
E f benau b fi
fid ten ® rab E n r .

entriiitet .

29 5 . P ast P arti ci pl e I d i oms . r . T he pa st pa rt i c i pl e is use d

af et r fommen to d e no t e the m a nn e r o f the a cti o n

Gr fain gel aufeu . He c ame r unni ng .

It o cc ur s in a bso l ut e c o nstr uct i o ns ,

w i th or w i ho u t t a sub

u sua lly i n the a cc usa tiv e

s ta ntiv e
( )
meinen fii ruber ausgenommen . M y b r o t he r c t
e x e p ed .

gr i m
) gemagt hal b gewonnen , . W ell b egun ,
ha l f d o ne .

N O rE Fo r the i mp r ativ e use 2 8 6, 2 .

'

. e see
,
2 46 GE R MA N G RAMMA R 2 96

29 6 Futur e P a s si v e P ar ti ci pl e
. . I t has the fo r m of the

r e n t p a rti c i pl e pr e c e d e d b y 11 i s fo r m e d fro m tr a ns i tiv e

p es 5 ,

v erb s o nly a nd is a l wa y s used a ttri bu t i v e ly

,

(Stine 511 Inbenbe Sj anbl ung . An a ct i o n to b e p r a i se d .

29 7 . P art i ci pl e of Ti me a nd Caus e . T he Engl i sh pr ese n t

1 .

p a rt i c i pl e t
o f en ha s the fo rc e o f an a d v e r b i a l c l a us e o f t i m e o r

c a use a n d ,
r end er ed i n G er m a n b y a sen t en c e
w he n s o us e d is
i ntr o d uc edb y a sub o r d i na t i ve c o nj u nct i o n .

2 T he c o nj un cti o ns t hus u sed to e x pr e ss t i m e a re ba (116

.
,

w hen inbem m it brenb , w hi l e

‘ ’ ’
, ,

2U 6 (bu) i d) i i)11 fomrnen faf) , Seei ng hi m c o m i ng, I w e n t to

g g ) b
in i d i m e nt e
g gen m ee t h im . .

3 11118111 er iid) fammel te, fubr R ec o ve r i ng hi msel f, he c o n

ar r
f t o . t i nned .

m e n whi l e tra v e l
d
8 ) i i
f ) l 1 16 ( in brenb I m t hi w h ( )
‘

l a 11 , ( a ,
e

inbem) id) in Guropa r ei fte li ng i n E ur o pe . .

3 . ti m e
Fo r ,
r
e x p e sse d b y the E ngli s h p e r fe ct pa rtici pl e,
nadfiu em a ft e r l 6, w he n , i s a l way s u s ed , fo ll o we d b y the
‘ ’ ’
or a
, ,

pl uper fe ct

mad)te n ( ) )
al 6
i d b en 2 31 i ef H a vi ng r e a d the
'

l ett e r , I t hr ew
gei e en j b ,
utte t
n arf ) b
i d i n i t a wa y .

tveg .

r c a u se ba, ii tbein, i wei l , be

‘ ’ ‘
4 . To e x p e ss ,
a s, s n c e, or

c a use ,
’
is u se d

Da id) i bn nid) t gefunben hatte, N o t ha v i ng fo u nd hi m , I w en t

E
in
g g )i d for t awa y . .

2;
“
a i d) hfo fe, @ i 6 311 iebc n H o pi ng to see yo u . .

233m er ebrli d) i ft, fa1111 111 1 11 Be i ng ho nes t , he i s to b e

ibm tr auen . tr ust ed .

29 8 . The A dj ect i v a l P a rti ci pl e . I .T he E ngl i sh pr ese nt

pa rti c i pl e w i t h the fo r c e o f a r e l a t i v e cl a use is r e nd er e d i n G er '

ma n by a r e l a t i v e cl ause
 G ER MA N GR AM MA R

he w a s r agi ng c o ac hma n c a m e d r i v i ng up ( het att ) a s

. T he ‘

w e w e r e a t the d o o r I sha ll sho w yo u the m i st ak e s to b e

.

av o i d e d I t i s to b e r egr e tt e d t ha t yo u d id no t a sk m e fo r
.

a d vi c e b e fo r e b e i nn i n
g g t hi s ex e rci se 0 H av i ng no ho pe o f . .

pa ssi ng the ex a m i na t i o n I w e n t ho m e 1 1 T he fa m i n e o cc a
,
. .

s io n e d b
y war i s o ft en w o r se ( fd) l i111 111) t ha n w ar i t se l f He .

c onti nued p ray i ng hi s ha nd s r a i sed to hea v en

, .

C . c ert a i n o cc a si on Fr ed erick the G r ea t fo und t ha t the

On a ,

e n e m y w a s o ppo s e d to hi m w i t h a su pe r i o r fo rc e Be i ng v e ry .

a n x i o us r ega r d i n
g ( um) the o u tc o m e o f the ba ttl e w hi c h w a s to ,

t a k e pl a c e o n the n ext d a y he r eso l v e d to m ak e a r o un d t hr o ugh

,

the c a m p b y ni gh t T hi s he d id i n o r d e r to a sc e rt a i n the st a t e
.

o f m i n d pr e v a i l i ng a m o ng his tr 0 0 ps W hil e d o i ng so ( t ha t ) .

he o b serv ed a so l d i e r s e e k i ng to a v o i d hi m a nd a ct i n g ge n
“

e ra l l y ( ii ber au t) in
h p ( auf) a suspi c i o us m a nn e r H alti ng he .
,

c all ed the so l d i e r to him ( my? ) T he l att e r see i ng no po ssi ,

b ili ty o f e sc a pi ng s t o o d sti ll sa l uti ng “

,
W he r e a re yo u ( Gr) ,
.

go i ng ? a sk e d the ki n g l o o ki ng hi m in the fa c e T o t ell

”
.
,

the tr ut h [Y o ur ] M aj esty I w a s j us t o n the po i n t o f d ese rt i ng

, ,
.

I ns t ea d o f c a ll i ng the gua r d to a rr e st the so l d i e r the k i ng sa i d ,

J ust try (use y o u r l uck o nc e m o r e w i t h m e I n c ase o f .

o u r l o si ng w e w i ll d ese rt t o g e t he r
”
.
,

D . L eses tu c k M a ns e ha tt en e i n m a l Kr i eg m i t d e n Fro
D ie
sc he n N a c h vi el e n b l ut i ge n Sc hl a c ht e n wahl te e nd l i c h j e d e r
.

T e i l se i n en gr6f3> te n H e l d e n u m d e n S tr e i t i n e i n e m Z we ika m pfe

,

a usz u ma c hen A l s a ll e s fe rti g w a r tr a t e n d i e b e i d e n K am pfe r

.
,

a uf. S ie gri ffe n e i n a n d e r m i t d e r gr6f5te n T a pfe rk e i t a n D er .

Fr o sc h t e i lt e O hr fei ge n a us w i e e i n Bar Di e M aus b ilb w i e e in .

L 6w e I n d i e se r K a m pfw u t b e m erkt e n s ie a b er n i c ht d a l3>

.
,

e i n hu ngri g e r H a b ic ht ti b e r i hn e n s c hw eb t e Pl d tz l ic h stii rz t .

d i ese r au f d ie K am pfe nd e n he r a b E r pa ckt m it d er r e c ht e n .

Kr a ll e d e n Fr o sc h m i t d er li nk e n d ie M a us Da l i e fen all e
, . .

Z usc ha ue r d av o n D e r Kri eg ha tt e e in E nd e
. .
 A PPE N D IX .

A . REFERE N CE LI S T S OF N OU N S .

MB . I n the fo ll i
o w ng li t s s w o ds r of le ss c o mm o n o ccu rre n c e ha ve
b een om itt e d .

I. M asc uli ne m on o yll b l s a es o f

punt: mod e l
?I al , ee l .
©unb ,
d og . g d fitb, sh o e .

fi rm, arm . ga d) 6, sa l m o n . @ t0 fi, m a t e ri al .

58 0 t h, she lf . Qaut, so un d . © tr a uf3, o stri c h .

fDod fi, w i ck . mmi , m urd er

E .
(
l a g, d ay .

Q ui d) , d agge r . Q rt, d i stri c t . Q ui t b a r ( m u si c)

, .

1530 111, c a th e d ra l .
Bfa b pat h
‘
,
. E hr en, t hro n e .

r Bol po l e 3 0 1i i nc h
‘
d eg e e. ,
.
,
.

pal m b l a d e (g r a ss) Eui6 pul se

‘
. .
, ,

Sbuf ho o f
, . i nt po .

NO TE . T he ab o ve li t o nt i s nl y n
s c a n o o u ns w ith st em vo w l e a , 0 , u,

2 . Neu t rm
e o no s y ll b l es a of fi l l ub mo d e l
$ aub, ti e . Si ni e, kn e e . @ d) a f, sh e e p .

ga rd n b e - ed . 9 1 1 113, c ro ss . @ d) ifi, sh i p .

ha t ht c e . Barth, pro v i n c e . © d) mei11 , pi g .

236m, l eg . 530 6, l o t . ® eil , r o pe .

5
8 0 0 t,
‘ bo
at . mi d fi, m ea sure . @ i eb, s i e ve .

Q31 0 b, l o a f Elli eer, se a @ pi el , g a m e

'

. . .

fDi ng, thi ng . n et. @ tii d , pi e c e .

o re . 9 1 o il,
. S a n, c a b l e .

‘ a r
$611 h i d e
,
.
B a pa ir ,
. z ei l , sh ar e .

3 m fe stival Bfet b ho rse E i er , a n i m a l

3 ‘ ‘

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, ,

EEIOBF ra ft .
i i fl mb po un d ,
. $ 0 1 3 ga t e .

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‘
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S eit t ent ,
.

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.

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.

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li ot
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3 0 d) , yo k e . ® al 3, sa lt .

1 Al so 230 m .
2 Al so w it h umla ut .
250 A P PEN D I X

3 . F i i
e m n n es o f
b tmb m o d e l
.

QIngft, a n g u sh . i b aut s ki n
.
,
. 92a m ,
seam .

21116fl ud) 1, e v i a s on. fi l uft c l e ft ,

. n ee d .

2111, a xe . fi ra fi , str e ngth . 921113, n ut .

$ a11 f, b e nc h . Rut), co w . © d) nur, st ri ng .

23m m, b ri d e . Stunft, a rt . g tabt, t o w n .

58 m mb r ,
e as t . Quit , a ir . 233m m ,
w a ll .

Quit , d es ir e
<
5 0 11 11 fi st , . . flBurft, sa u sa ge .

i§rud) t fr uit ,
. mad) t p w r ,
o e .
8 t111 ft g uil d
,
.

(9 11 116, g o o se . ima gb m i d rv t ,
a -se an .
3 uiammenl unft ,
m ee t
© r uft , g ra v e . Email s m ,
o us e . i ng .

Sbanb, ha n d . ma d) t i ght n

— —
.
,

A nd n o u ns e n d n g i in t1 i 6 a nd ial .

4 . M a sc u li nes o f Dnrf m o d el
‘

fi oiemi d fi} v ill a i n . iDi a nl I, m a n . QBal b, fo rest .

(Sh i ft , spirit . D rt, pl ac e . QBurm, w o r m .

O ott, go d . Si anb, e d ge .

Qei b, b o dy . Qi orrnunb, g ua r d i a n .

A nd n o u ns in 4 11111 .

1 A l so o f b uttb
t m o de l .

5 . N o uns of S afer m o d e l
i et , fi el d
her Qu . ber ©a fen, ha rb o ur . ber 6 att el , sa d d e . l
ber QIpfei, a ppl e . ber h ammer h a m m e r ,
. ber © d) tta bel , b e a k .

ber SBoben, fl o o r, il ha s fi l ofter c l o i st er ber 6 dnna get , b ro t he r

‘ '

so . .
,
.

ber 230 mm} b o w . ber Ba ben, s ho

p . i h -l a w .

ber fiBruber, b ro t he r . ber SJi antel , c o ak l . bi e i od fier, d a ugh t r

e

ber gaben t hre a d ,

. bi e Wi utter, m o th e r . ber $ a e tr , t r
fa h e .

ber (S arten, g ar d e n . ber magel ,

na il . bet: fli ogel , b ir d .

ber O raben, d itc h . ber Dim , t

s o v e.

1 Al so o f Swal er m o d el .

6 N o uns
. of (St uf m o d e l
fi at , b ear .
fi err fi mas t r e .
si a l t
I f pe a c o c k
, .

QSurid) , l a d . fgi rt, he rd s m a n .

Bri na pri n c e
‘
,
.

Q bri ft, Ch ri sti a n .

Q i , u
u nt 2 h ssa r . ® pa t§, spa rro w .

$ti t ii ri Smell id) , m a n 1 0 1 , fo o l

‘
nc e .
p, . .

(WW ll w
I, fe o . mar t ,
fo ol . Qi orfa bt , ’
a n ces o r. t
O r af c u n t
,
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fi elb her ,
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I S i ng . a dd s -11 o n ly .
2 Al so o f Dbl? m o d el .
25 2 A PPEN D I X

NO TES . I .
hal ber a l w a y s fo ll ows th e g e n . 2 . Wit h 11111

mi li eu the ge n st a nd s b et w e e n um a n d mi li eu 3 l htgea chtet

. . .
,

megen guiol ge m ay pr e c e d e o r fo ll o w the g e n

, 4 Be fo r e ha l b ( en) . .
,

megen mi li eu the ge ns o f th e pers pro n s hav e the fo rm s w ei nei

, ,
. . .

bei net i e i net un iert eu r et i bret Sbret— z mei netba i b( en) uniert ,

megen um S bretmi ii en 5 T o the a b o v e li s t m ay b e a d d e d a n um b er o f

, . .

a d ecj tiv l b a a v e r b s, s u c h a s :
gel egentl i d) , o n the o c c as o n o f i ’
;
i n r egar d f l tnbe idj abet t w ith t s and i
‘ ’ ‘ ’
n
o ; ,
no g .

2 . ADD IT IO NA L P REPo s l T I O N s W I TH TH E DA T I V E .

en t gegen ,
con tr ry a to . nchit, j a mt , t g th r w it h
o e e .

gi ei d) li k ,
e.
gumiber, con tr ry ta o.

ni d) it, 51111 0 d) f1, nex tt o.

NO TE . Q ntgegel i , 51111 1 d) f1 us u a ll y f ll o o w th e d a t ; .
gl ei tl) m ay pre c e d e
‘

or fo ll o w .

3 . T
P R E PO S I
I O N S W l l l—l V A RY I
' ‘

i
’
G CA SE .

bi l l l l el l w ith i n ( f
,
o o r ( f at .

ent l ang 11 11 1 36 a l n g g m l t
, ,
o , e ,
( a ,
o r (1 5 5 .

gemi fi gr ea b l y t g m
,
a eMt o, . or a .

ab ve a t o n c e ni g g m
, , co r n ,
. or

tr ot) i n spit f g
,
w ll e o , e¢z as e as , a a l
’
.

311f0 l ge, i n
’
c o n s e q u e n c e o f, g en . o r a a t.

N or ns . r . (Enti a ng, l ungs ,

m ay p re cede o r fo ll o w . 2 . t a fi t a ke s
ge n . or d a t w he n . it pr ec e d e s ; d at . on l y w h n it f l l e o o ws.
3 .
3 l l iol ge t a kes
g en w hen
. it pre c e d es ; d a t w he n . it f ll wo o s .

U I V A LE N T S O F ENG L I SH P REPO SIT I O N S

4 . EQ .

Engli h n d G rm s d i ff r W i d l y i n th i d i m ti c u
a e f p p iti n s
an e e e o a se o re os o .

F or v n i t f r n c e th m t c mm o l y c urri g Eng l i h pr p i
con e en re e e , e os o n oc n s e os

ti n e g ive b l w i n al ph b eti a l rd er w ith

o s ar n m pl
e o h w i g th i a c o exa es s o n e r

G erm n q uiv l n t s
a e a e .

A b out .

{b a ben © i e ©el b bei fi d) H a v e yo u m o n ey ab o ut y o u ?

29 0 6 w ei fgt bu D0 11 i bm ( ii ber i bn) ? Wh a t d o yo u kn o w ab o ut him ?
G te ftri tten fid) 11111 6 65ei b
i
T h ey q u a rre ll e d a b o ut the m o ney . .

l i l tgefii hr ( 0 111111 ) QR 1 0 A b o ut ( n early) I O ma rks

. . .
 A PPEN D I X

S n ber @ d) uie mud) e) . A1 ( i n) r )s c ho o l( c hu c h .

3 m En t al ar At th t heatre ( n ert)
e co c .

21111 fi che ; bei i i id) . At the t b l e ; at t abl e a .

Qi n ber S ti r . A t the d o r o .

11 i
3 ( ) Bari é
n ‘
. A 1 ( i n ) P ri a s .

Qi ni bent iili ari te ( Qi ali e) . At th m rket ( b all )

e a .

i
Q in b er
‘
Boft . At th p t o ffice e os - .

(531? ftubi ert auf ber li ni nerfttat . H i t ud y i g a t th U n iver it y

e s s n e s .

(Sr i ft Brofefior an ber l i ni nerfttat

‘
. H i e
pr o f
s ar t the U iv rs ity esso a n e .

2111f ali e $ti ll e . At l l ev t a en s .

3 11 biefeni Qi ugenbii d . At t hi s m m e nt o .

l i nt l)ai b b i er . At hal f p t t hre - as e.

‘
Bei i
. a geé a nbrnd) ; bei Na cht . A t d y br k ; a t n i ght ea a .

8 111 red) ten S eit ( é tunbe) . A t th ri ght ti m ( h ur)

e e o .

3 11 QBeina cbten ( S her ri ) . At Chri tm ( E t r ) s as as e .

“
Ni nth T a t 5 m rks
<
Lt ee 5 11 931
'

5. h a s . e a
po d a a un .

11111 bel t ( 511111 ) ha l ben ‘Br ei e . At h l f ( th ) pri

a e c e.

By .

(St: mur b 110 11 tita ni um getotet . He w as s a n l i by ro bb ers .

Dnrrb bi e ‘Boft
‘
. t
By po s .

Durth Rrani hei t nerbi nbert

‘
. r
P ev ent d b y ill e n e ss .

E mi t ber (Qi ienbalnt rei ien . T tr v l b y r il

o a e a .

EBei ( an) ber sba nb er gr ei fen . T i b y th h n d

o se z e e a .

23d z a geé ii dfl ; bei m a d) t By d y li ght ; b y n i g ht

<
. a .

3 11 Qanb ; 311 © d) i ff . By l nd ; b y shi p

a .

S d) tat es fur i hn . I did it fo r hi m .

QBetter 511111 6 pa 3i eren . Fi n e t r fo w a lki ng

w e a he r .

Gr r ei ft 511m SBergnii gen . He trav l f r pl easur e

e s o .

g l i m Beiipi el
S . Fo r exam pl e .

(Sr i it iei t smei Eugen hi er H e ha s b e e n he re fo r tw o d ays

‘

. .

S d) nerrei ie auf o d) t Ed ge . I am go i ng a wa y fo r a w eek .

(Er wa r ei nen S Ui ona t hi er . H e w as he re f or a mo n h t .

fte
‘

et . Fo r th e p es e n r t .

8 11m amei ten iDial e . Fo r the sec o n d ti m e .

8 11m (S ebnrté ta g . Fo r a b irthd a y presen t .

254 A PPEN D I X

m
3 D a ni e ; i n ei ner c
IBod n . I n the h o u se ; i n a w e ek.

8 111 Di mmei ; 11 m Q i mmel . I n hea v e n ; i n the sk

y .

Q eé i i benbé . I n th e even n i g .

? q ber © traf3e . I n th e s tr tee .

‘
Ii uf bent Sunbe . I n the co u t yn r .

Qi ni bi eie flBeiie . In h t i s m a n ne r .

i
i i uf bi e fb a uer . I n thel ng un o r .

l l ntet fi ari V
‘
. I n th r i g ef C h rl s V
e n o a e .

8 11 QBagen ; b ei fa l t em i fi etter . I rri g ; i

n a ca l d w th r
a e n co ea e .

Sfi ei ner S Ui einung trad) . I m y pi n i n

n o o .

Sum ©ebfid fini f; ( 511 ti hr ea) . I m em ry ( h n ur) o f

n o o o .

3 d) ipred) e 110 11 i l) ut . I sp ea k o f h im .

D er ii bni g 110 11 © pani el t

‘

. T he k i ng of S pa i n .

(Ei ner ti on mei nen grennben . One o f m y f e nd s ri .

fiber éBa ter tum h i er Si na bel t . T he t r

fa he o f fo u b o r y s.

8 111? i ii r bi nans . O ut of ( a t) the d o o r .

E i © d) d) t
e i a b ei S
3m
1 g , i
t m Sl i il . ttl
The b a e o fP r a g ue , o f th e N il e .

25311 6 ioll 1 116 mi r merben? Wh t w ill

a b ec om e of me

s
li tt i bent Z i id w( ber 58 1m l )
‘

. O n the t b l ( th e b n h)
a e e c .

l i tti ber Gr be auf (Erbett

s
. O t h gr o u d ; n
n e rt h n o ea .

fl uf ber E ii eiie ; am gi nger . O n the j u n y ; n th fi o r e o e n

ge r .

fil en ( am) ginei ten imam . O th s o n d f M r h

n e ec o a c .

Q i e © d) i fie auf bent gi ufie . Th hi p

e s n the riv r s o e .

Wem gy orf l i egt ant Sgnbion unb N w Y r k i o n th H u d

e o s e so n a n d
lli eere
E . th e sea .

3 11 ‘ Bferb ; 511 53113 O n ho r b k; se ac on fo o t .

‘l l i i t
j iei fi
E . O n p rp u o se .

8 111 fiBegri ffe . O n th p i t f e o n o .

fli ei bi eier (Sj el egenij ei t . O n th i io s o c c as n.

ll nter bi eier E chi ngung . O t h i c o d iti n

n s n o .

3 d) mill ati m Qi atet gehen '

. I w ill g o to m y fa h e t r .

92nd) (i nropa ; 11 nd) 90 11110 11 . T o E u ro pe ; to L o n d o n .

@ el) e 111 bi e ( 5111 ) © tabt . G o to th e c ity .

2
56 A PPE ND I X

3 . Of en tr a tye , e tc . 11111

3 11) but i l)11 11111 (5 615 . I aske d him fo r m o n ey .

51116111 5111111 11161: 11111 i bn . My c o nc e n r fo r hi m .

rom
F .

O f pro t ec ti o n , e tc . 11 0 1? da tiv e

916116 11 11 6 110 1 bi eier ‘

Sa v e us f ro m thi s d i sgrace

I. Of p l nty
e , w a n t, e tc .

211 111 11 111 513611 161 . r i n purse

Po o .

2 . Of c o n fid en c e , e tc . 1111 f a cc u tiv sa e

Sli ertrauen © te anf mi d) . T r us t i n m e .

Of .

1 . Of p l e nt y , w an t ,
d o ub t , e tc . 11 11 da tiv e

(55 6 fehlt 1 11 2711 111161 11 . T he r e is l ack o f me n .

1111 1113 61 11 11 C
556K) . Wa nt of mo ne y .

3 d) 0 61 3111 61116 11 111 (Er fol g . I d espa ir o f s uc c ess.

2 . Of r em em b r a n c e , e tc . 1111 acc usa tive

31 1) 1161116 1 11 @ ir I m t h i k i ng f y u
’

. a n o o .

(Sri nnere i il l l ba r ai i . R mi n d h i m f it
e o .

3 . Of ic ios us
p n, en vy pri d ,
e , e tc . 11 111 u at iv ac c s e

@1 111 argmii imiid) 11 11 1 H e i u pi i u f me

'
s s s c o s o .

(Sr 111 1 11f mi d) nei bi id) . H i e nvi u e fm

s o s o e .

8 11) bin ftoi ; attf mei nen g o b“ . I m pr ud o f m y s o n

a o .

4 . O f fe a r , e tc . b ut da tiv e

gl i t cht 110 1bent SBii tée . F ar e of li ght n i ng .

5111111) gr a nt 110 1? bem $ 0 136 . I am i n d re a d o f d ea h t .

5 . Of d i seas e , e tc . 11 11 da tive
91m E
j i eber eri ranl t . S i ck o f a fe v er .

To .

1 . O f a dd r e ss, etc . 1111 a c c us a tive

S d) id) rei be 11 11 i
e nen greunb . I riti ng to
am w a fri e n d .

(5 11131 11 111 111) a bre ffi ertet

'
231 161 . A l tt r d d r e e a esse d to me .

233611 b611 ® 16 iid) 1 11 i l) 11 . A pply t him o .

 APPEN D I X 2
57

2 . A ft r e ma n y n o un s a nd j tiv
a d ec es s i gn i fy i ng an a ffec ti on

m i nd 9 61 611 :
i i armbergi g 9 60611 bi e gltruteu . M er i ful t th p or
c o e o .

61? tft f1 6l l l tbl i cf) 9 611611 mi d)

’

. H i fri n d l y t m
e s e o e .

® 61 Ita d fi i d fii g 1169 611 11m . B i d ul g t t him

e n en o .

3 . Of a tt nti o
e n 11 11 f a c c usa tiv e

6511) 11111 11161116 g

1530 1 16 ud) t . Pa y a tt enti on to m y w o d s r .

C . VE RB P A RA DI GMS

N B . . I n th e pa r d i gm
a s no s
pe c i l
a E ng li s h fo m s r a re g iv en fo r th e
j
s ub un c tiv e, as s uc h f rm o s a re on ly o cc a s o n a i lly co rr tec , a nd t
o f en m is
lea d i n
g .

1 . A ux il i ar i es of T ens e .

b uben
.
,
to h a v e.

PR I NCI PA L PA RT S baben butt e : , , geha bt .

PR E SE N T .

I n d i ca ti v e . S u bj un cti v e .

I ha ve , e tc .

i d) ha be iu i r ba ben
bu babeft i br ba bet
er ba be iie ba ben

i d) butt e 6
111 111 11611 i d) hatt e batt en
111 11
‘

bu batteft i br battet bu bdtteft i br hatt et

er hatt e fi e batt en er bi tte fie batt en
P ERF EC I
' ‘

I hav e ha d , e tc .

i d) ha be geha bt i d) ba be geha bt
bu ba it geha bt bu ba beft geba bt
er but geha b t er ba be geha bt
i uir ba ben geba bt mir ba ben geha bt
i br ha bt geha bt i br ba bet geha bt
fi e ha ben geha bt ii e baben geha bt
 APPEN D I X

P L UP E RF ECT .

I n d i ca ti v e . S u bj u n cti v e .

I ha d ha d , e tc .

i d) butt e geha bt i d) hatt e geha bt

bu ba tteft gehabt bu bdtteft geha bt
er hatt e geha bt er bi tte geha bt
mi r batt en geha bt mi x: bdtteu gehabt
i br ha tt et gehabt i br bd ttet geha bt
fi e batt en gehabt fi e bdtteu geha bt
F UTU R E .

I sha ll h ve a , e tc .

i d) merbe baben i d) wer be

baben
bu ib i rft baben bu iuerbeft ba beu
er mir b baben er merbe ba ben
i uir wer ben ba ben 111 11 wer ben ba ben
‘

i br merbet ba ben i br merbet ba ben

fi e wer ben ba ben fie merbeu lmbeu
F UTU RE PE R F ECT .

I sh ll h av e h d
a t a , e c.

geha bt ba ben i d) merbe gehabt baben

gehabt babeu bu merbeit geha bt ba ben
geha bt ba ben er wer be geha bt I)a beu
geba bt ba beu i uir iv erbeu geha bt ba beu

geha bt ba ben i br merbet geba bt ba ben

geba bt ba ben fi e wer ben gebabt baben
CO N D I T I O NA L .

Co mpo u n d .

I s ho u ld ha v e , e tc . I
l d h v h d tc
s ho u a e a , e .

i d) mii rbe ba beu i d) mur ba gebabt baben

bu mii rbeft baben
, bu iuii rbeft geha bt ba ben
er inii rbe ba ben er iuii rbe geha bt ba ben
mi r mitrbeu ba ben mi r mii rbeu gehabt ba ben
i br mii rbet ba ben i br iv ii rbet geha bt baben
fie roii rbeu baben ii mii rbeu gehabt ba ben
I M PE RA TIV E . I NF I NI T I V ES . PA RT I CI P L E S .

H a v e, e tc . P r es .
, baben to h ave ,
. P r es .
, ha bcnb ha v i ng ,
.

babe P er/f, geha bt ba ben ,

to P a sf, geha bt ha d ,
.

ba bt ha v e ha d .

ba ben ® te
 2 60 A P P EN D I X

F UTU RE . F UTU RE .

I n d i ca ti v e . S u éj und ive . I n d i ca ti v e . S u bj u n cti v e.

I sh a ll b e, e tc . I s ha ll b e c o m e, etc .

i d) merbe i d) i uerbe i d) wer be i d) wer be

bu mi rft bu merbeit bu mi rft bu merbeit
er mir b 7; ct w e be r er mi r b
u
n . er tri e m
iu ir wer ben fi mi r merben mi t merben q
a merben
111 11:
u
i br merbet i i) : merbet i br merbet i br merbet
ii e wer ben fi e wer ben fi e wer ben fi e wer ben

F UTU RE P E R F EC T . F UT U RE PER F EC T .

I sh ll h
a ave b een, e tc . I s h ll h v
a a e b e c o m e, e tc .

i d) merbe i d) wer be i d) wer be fi

i d) wer be
bu mirft bu merbeit bu mi rft a
i

u
bu merbeit
er mir b er wer be er mir b o
i . er wer be
mi r wer ben mi r merben mi r merben a
u mi r wer ben
i br mer bat i i) r merbet i br merbet i br inerbet
t
a

fi e merben
u
fi e wer ben fi e iverbeu fi e wer ben

CO N D I T IO NA L . CO N D I T IO N A L .

Co mp o u n d . S i mpl e . Ca Il l pa u n d .

I s ho u ld b e, e tc . I s ho u ld ha ve I s ho u ld b e c o m e, I sh o u ld ha v e

b ee n , e tc . e tc . b ec o me, e tc .

i d) murbe i d) murbe i d) murbe i d) murbe

f uui rbeft f mii rbeft
'

bu i uii rbe t bu bu i uii rbe t bu

er murbe ‘

76 er i uii rbe er i uii rbe er iuii rbe

111 11 i uii i beu
‘ ‘

iu ir wii rbeu 111 11: wii rbeu ?

A ‘
i rbeu
111 11 u u
'

i br uui rbet i br i uii rbet i br mur bat i br

'

iuii rbet

fi e i uii rbeu fi e iv ii rbeu fi e iuii rbeu fi e mii rbeu

I M PE RA T IV E : iri b iei eu Q i e b e
i ei , , ,
.

wer be merbet wer ben é i r, b e c o m e

—
.
, ,

I N F I NIT W E : I ’h m, 16111 ,
to b e .
gei urieu iei u, to ha ve
113 61 13611, 11) b e c o m e . b ee n .

gewo ben i r r in ,
to ha ve
b ec o m e .

PA R T I C I PL E : P r es .
, 161611b ,
be i ng . P a sl , gei ueicu, b ee n .

iuerbeub, b ec o m i n
g .
geiuorbeu, b e c o m e .
 A PPE N D I X 2 61

2 . A ux il i ari es of Mood .

PRI N . PA R TS

P RE S EN T IN D I CA T I V E .

i a nu mug mui;
i a uuft mugit muB t
fa r m ma g muf)
fbuueu mbgeu mii ffeu
’

fii uut i u bgt mii fst

tbuueu mbgeu i uii fieu
’

P RES EN T SU BJ U NCT I VE .

i d) burfe i b uue i noue i uu fie ioil e ib ofl e

bu bii ri eft i buu eft i ubge it i ii ifeit
g ib ii eft 10 0 11611
er bii r ie i buue i ubge i u ii fie ioll e woll e
2c
. 20 . 2c . 2c
. 2C .

I MPE R FEC I I N
’ ‘
D I CA TIVE .

i d) burite fouutr ui od) te mufite ioil te i uoti te

bu buriteft fouutrit mud) i eft ui ufgte ft 10 1119 11 i ub li tcft

20 .

IM PE R F EC T S U BJ L N CT I V E
’

i d) burite fount e i ubd) te i uii fgte ioIIte woll t e

10 1119 11
'

bii riteft fbuuteft Iubd ueit i ub IItq t

‘

bu f f
ui ii gte t

?t .

CO M PO U ND T E N S Es .

ba be geburit ( gei b uut , gemad) t, gei uuBt, geib il t, gei ub tl t)

ba be bl ei ben b ii rfru

h tt e geburit ( getb uut g l l l dl i gemufgt 9 610 111 geluol l t)

a tl
‘

,
t , , ,

butt e b l ei ben 10 0 11611)

w er be burfeu ( tbuueu i nogen i u ii fieu ioii eu mol ten)

, , , ,

wer be geburit ( gc fouut gemad) t geui ufzt geiol l t gew ol l t ]

, , , ,

ba ben
2 62 A P PE N D I X

3 . Wea k Conj ugat i on .

PRI N C IPA L PA RTS : Iobeu, l obt e, gei obt .

I N FI N I TI V ES : P r es .
, 10 11611 , to p ra i s e; P erf , 9 610 111 ba ben ,
v to h a e
pra is e d.

P RE S E N T . I M PE R F EC T .

I n d i ca zi ve . S u éj u n cti v e. I n d i ca ti v e . S i t/j u n cti v e.

pr i a s e , e tc . I p ra i se d , e tc .

i d) l obe i d) Ib bi e i d) Iobte
bu Iobeft bu Iobteft bu Iobteit
er l obe er i b bi e er l obt e
mi r i obeu mi r Iobteu mi r Iobteu
i br Iobet i br l obt et i br Iobtet
fi e Iobeu fi e Iobteu fi e Iobt en
P E RFE C r . P L U PE R F ECT .

I ha v e p ra i se d , e tc . I ha d pr i d
a se t , e c .

i d) babe babe i d) i d) batt e batt e i d)

bu ba it bu ba beft bu ba tteft bu bi tteft
“
er bat i er ba be er batt e a er bi tte
mi r babeu g iuir baben
.
1ni r ba tt en ?r i b i r bii tteu
i br babt i br ba bet i br battet i br bii ttet
fi e baben fi e baben fie batt en fi e bi tteu
F UTU RE . F UTU RE P E RF E C T .

I shall pr a i se e tc . I h all ha ve r is e d , e tc .
, s
p a

i d) wer be i d) wer be i d) wer be i d) wer be

CD
bu mir it bu to erbeft bu mi r it 3.
$ bu merbeit
er mir b 6
‘
er merbe er mir b E er wer be
mir merbeu g tui r iuerbeu iu ir wer ben 10 11: i uerbeu

i br merbet i br merbet i br merbet i br merbet

wer ben iie merbeu fi e wer ben fie iuerbeu

CO N D IT IO NA L . I M PERA T IV E .

Co mpou n d .

I sho u ld p ra i s e, I sho u ld h v a e 10 116, pra i se .

e tc .
pr i se d
a , e tc . 10 11 1, pra s e i .

i d) murbe i d) murbe 10 11611 (3 16, p ra i se .

bu mii rbeit bu mii rbeit

T IC IPL ES
PA R
murbe
.

ro ii rbe
1
er 0 er

tui r tuii rbeu

3
1
1
mi r mii rbeu Pri m Iobeub pr i si ng
, ,
a .

i br mii rbet i br mii rbet Pa s t gei obt pra i sed

, ,
.

fi e tuii rbeu fi e wur ben

 A PP E N D I X

5 . Conj uga ti on w i t h 16111 .

PRI N CI PA L PA R TS fall en iiel gefull en

:
, , .

I N FIN I T I V ES : P r es .
, fa ll en ,
to f ll ; P j
a
gefa ll en iein
ei , ,
to ha v e fa ll en .

P RES EN T . I M PE R F E C T .

I n d i ca ti ve . S uo
j u n cl i v e . I n d i ca ti v e S u bj u n cti v e.

I fa ll , e tc .

i d) fall e
bu foll eft
er fall e
mi r fall en
i br fall et
fi e fall en
PE R F EC T . PL U PE R F ECT .

I ha ve f ll a e n , e tc . I ha d f ll en e tc a , .

i d) bi n i d) iei mar i d) mar e

bu bi it bu iei eft marft bu mar eit
er i ft 1
3

0
er i ei mar ! er tu i re

mir iinb 1
1
mi r iei en mar en 1
1
ib i r mitt en
ma r et
1 1

i br lei b i br iei et
1 1
i br ib i ret

fi e iinb fi e iei en mar en fi e

’

nui ren

F UTU RE . F UTU RE P ER F EC T .

I s h ll f ll e t
a a , c. I sh ll ha av e fa ll e n , e tc .

wer be i d) wer be i d) wer be i d) wer be

6
mirft bu merbeit bu tb i r tf bu merbeit
—
3
1

mir b
0
Q
m
er Ib erbe er mir b 1
1 er wer be
7:
wer ben m
21
ruir wer ben l b i r tnerben
1
1
mi r wer ben
merbet i br merbet i br merbet p
u
i br merbet
wer ben ii e wer ben fi e wer ben fi e wer ben
CO N D I T I O NA L . I M PERA T IV E .

Co mpou n d .
fall e fall ,
.

I sho ul d hav e fall t fa ll ,

.

fa ll e n , e tc . fall en ® i e ,
fa ll .

i d) murbe
PA R T ICIPL ES
— bu ib ii rbeft .

mii rbe fa ll enb falli ng

n
2) er P r es .
, ,
.

mi r wur ben P a st, gefa ll en f ll n ,

a e .

i br murbet
fi e Iuii rben
 A PP EN D I X

6 . P a s s i v e V oi ce .

I N FIN I TI V E S : t
F r ee , gel ob we ben, to b e p r r i
a se d ; P erf , gel obt wor ben
16111 , to h a e b e e n p v r i
a se d .

P RE S EN T . I M PER F EC T .

I n d i ca ti v e S u bj
’

I n d i c a ti v e . S u ly u n cti ve . . u n cti v e .

I am p r i
a se d , e tc . I w as p r i
a s e d , e tc

i d) wer be i d) wer be i d) murbe i cb murbe l

bu mi r it bu merbeit bu ugurbeft bu tuii rbeft

er mir b a er wer be er murbe "

2 er i uii rbe

mi r wer ben 8 iu ir r
we ben tu i r wur ben 8 mi r mii rbeu
i br merbet i br merbet i br murbet i br Infi rbet

fie wer ben iie wer ben fie wur ben fi e tnii rbeu

PE R F EC T . P L U PE RF ECT .

b e e n p ra i se d , e tc . I ha d b ee n pr i se d a , e tc .

1
1
i d) iei i d) Iuar i d) mar e
3
1
0
bu iei eft bu to u r it bu tnii reft
11
1 er iei er Iv a r er Iud e r
“

mi r iei eu mi r to a ren é mi r uui ren

i

a
o

é
a
a
a
i br ici ct i br ma r et i br iui ret
u z
ii e fei en fi e wa r en fi e
'

uui ren

F UTU RE . F UTU R E PE R F EC T .

I S ha ll b pr i e a se d , e tc . I h ll h v b
s a a e e en
p r i
a s e d , e tc .

wer be wer be i d) wer be wer be

8
i d) i d) 3 i d)
bu i ui r t f bu merbeit bu iui r t f
o
q bu merbeit
tb i rb i uerbe iui rb iuerbe
i
er er er a er
o
Iu ir iuer beu iu ir wer ben iui r wer ben a
q Iu ir wer ben
merbet g
a

i br i br merbet i br merbet u i br tuerbet

fi e wer ben fi e wer ben fi e wer ben fi e wer ben
a
i

CO N D I T IO N A L . I M PE RA TIV E .

Co mpo u n d .

I sho u ld be I s ho u ld ha v e 111 61 136 gel ob t

b e p a s ed , ri .

p r i
a s e d , e tc . b e en pr i a se d , e tc . t
11161 1161 gel ob , b e p ra s e d i .

i d) murbe i d) murbe wer ben ® i e gel obt, be p r i a se d .

bu i vii rbe t i bu i uii rbeft 8 <

' PA R T I C I PL ES .

er nui r be er iuii rbe

in ir wur ben n
o in ir iuii rbeu
F a t , 311 to b e pr a i se d
( as
i br i nii rbet 11
3
i br i uii rbet ad ec j tiv e on ly ) .

iie i uii rbeu

1
1

fi e mii rben
l
’
a s/,
gel ob t morbeu ,
b ee n p r i
a se d .
 2 66 A PPEN D I X

D . A LPHA BE TI CAL LI S T OF S T RON G A N D I RRE GU LA R

VERBS .

I . T he fo ll ly v rb i n mm us
o w ng i li st t i
co n a ns o n e s co on e.

2 C mp u d
. orb m itt d s r l
o n d t h ir
ve j ugati n i t
s a re o e , a a u e, a n e co n o s o

b i n f rr d fr m t h t
e e e f the rresp n d i g i m pl
o ba
g b erbi ubeu
o co o n s e v er , c .
,

s e b111 b611 ; 11611 119 611

e see 11 119 611
; b ut o m p n d w h i h h a , c ou s c ve no co r

r e p n d i ng s i mpl rb s w ill b e f un d i n th li t
s o e ve o e s .

3 Th . o w el f th z ud
e v nd
3 d i ng p s i n d i
o a nd e f th z u d a r s . re . c . o e

s i ng i m per i s g ive n
. nl y w h n it d i ff rs fr m t h t
. f the i fin
o e e o a o n .

4 The v o w e l f th i m pf subj i g ive n o nl y w h n it d i ff s fr m t h t

. o e . . s e er o a

o f the i mpf i n d i c . .

5 F r ms i n p r n t h i
. o l s u ual a e es s a re es s .

6 V erb s fo ll w d b y i
. nj g t e d w ith 1
o 6111 nl y ; t ho s e f ll w d
e . a re co u a o o o e

by i a re s m ti m es
.
,
j ugat ed w it h baben 62 2 n t ) ; l l t h r
o e con , , o e a o e s

w it h ba ben nl y o .

I nfi n i ti v e . Pr . I nd . I m/ v e .

ba d en, b a ke

« b efebl en, co mm an d

befl ei fien, re
fi .
, s trive
begi nnen, b eg i n a or 0

,
, b ei f3en, b it e
ber gen, h i d e
1161 11611 , i, . bu rst 1 or 0

beiti egen ,
l
i n d uc e

b en d
i t
b e en 2
,
o ffe r
bi nben, b i n d
bi tt en, ask

bl aienu bl gyg fl m .

bl ei ben, i .
,
re ma in
br aten, r t
’

o as

3 611, b reak
111 6
1

/ br ennen b ur n , br ennt e
,
bri ngen, b ri ng
benten, t hi nk
breid) en, t hresh
 2 68 A PPEN D I X

P . Pa r t . Pr . 1nd .

gr ei fen, s e i z e gegri fien

ba ben, have geha bt ba fwat
bolt en ho l d
, geha l t en a
ba ngeu ha ng , geha ngen ii
baucn h e w, gehauen
gehoben
gebei fsen
hel fenhe p, l gehol fen
fenmen, kn o w gefannt
fl i ngen, so u n d geIIungen
‘

fnei fen, pi n c h gefni ffen

fommen, i , c o m e .
gefommen ( )
a o

Tomm i , c an
gefomtt fann,
fannft, faun
l ri ecly m, 2
i I) ,
f
.
, gefrocbeu
r
c ee
p
Iuben, l o a d i n ite ,
v
gel a ben
Ia ffen, l et gel a fien
MI i b I A MI) ?

r
gel a ufy
e eu fl s u ffe gel itt en
1616
611 , l e nd
geIi eben
/ Ieien, r ea d
gel eien
l
/ Ii 69611 , l i e gel egen
Iii 9 611, l i e gel ogen
111 666
11, shun gemi eben
mel fen, m il k 8
gemol i en i
’

ff
111 6 611, m eas u r e
gemefien i
111 69 611 , m a y, li k e gemad) t mag,
magft, ma g
[ muffemm ust gemufit mug,
mufgt, muf;
I
ne hmen t a ke , genommen ni mmft, n i mm
n i mmt

nennen, n a m e nennte

pfei fen ,
whi tl e s

pr el im , pr i a se

l
quel en, i.
, g ush o ut

t
t a en, a d vi se

r ei ben ,
rub

fi
rei en, I) " i .
,
t ar
e
 A PPEN D I X 2 69

I nfi n i ti ve. P .
Pa r t . Pr . 1n d . I nt/ w . I mpf . S u b]

r eit en 9 i b ri d e geritt en
m
, .
, .
,

r un r
ge a un t r ennt e
ll
ri edyzn, s m e gerocben
ri ngen 10 w ri ng
, ger ungen
r innen L flo w , ,
r
ge onnen a ot D

r ufen all ,
c ger ufen
fa ufen d ri nk , geiofien
ia ugen, s uc k geiogen
icha ffen “ c r e ate, geidi a fien
'

i ) L geicboll en
8
d a ll e n ,
s o un d ,

id) ei ben b i pa rt , .
, .
, m
gei i eben
id) ei nen s hi ne , geichi encu
id) el ten, sc o l d gelcbol teu i i
“ s he a r
i)
d e re n , geidi orcn ie or e te or 6
id) i el) 6i1 sho ve , geid wben
sho o t geidi ofien
id)l afen sl e e p , geid flafen
id) l agen, 13 s
tri ke geid flagen
id) l ei d) 611 l , c r ee p, .
geitbl i d nn
“ ri n d
i) i
d l a en g , geidfl i fien
id) li efien shut , geid) IOilen
id) l ingeu sli ng , geidflungen
idmxei fien fl i ng , geicnmi fien
“
id m i el gen i , .
, geid mol gen i
me lt
r id) ti eiben, c ut geicbnittm
id) rei ben, w rit e
geitbri eben
I id) rei en sc re a m , geitbri en
id) rei ten i stri d e , , geid m tten

ichmei gen b e sil e nt , geicbiv i egen

i )
d m ll L sw ell geicbmofi en
4
e en , , i
id) la i mmen i , .
, i
g )
e d mom = d or ifi
s wi m men
id) rni nben l va ni sh , .
, geicbmunben
id mi ngen s w i n g , gefchmungen
ltbmii ren sw ea r , gridfiv oren

l6b611 ,
see geieben ir te
iei n i
, .
,
be gemeieu b i n, bi ft, iei
i it,
 APPEN D I X

P . Pa r t
. Pr . Ind . [ mf va

lenbenfl f’ s e n d

t “ b o il
i eben,

I fingen si ng ,

fi nfen L s i n k
, ,

Lu men t h i nk , (1 0 11 0

fall en , sha ll

ipei eu, S pit

ipi i men, Spi n fl Ol
’
O

inrechen, spea k
ipri efien, L s r o ut
p ,

inri ugen, L, b spri ng .

,

Li echen, s ti c k
ftecfené , sti c k
ft6b611, st a n d

fi chl en st ea l
,

o un t
.
t 6i 9 611 L b m
, , .
,

/ fterben L d i e , ,

, fi aBen , L p ush ,

ftrei d nn stro ke ,

ftreiten st rive ,

tt 0 9611 ,
‘
ca rry
r tr effen hi t ,

tr 6i b611 d rive ,

tr et en L,
t ,
s e
p

tri efen L d ri p ,
16
,

tr ugen d ec e ive,

tun, d o
b erbcrben, “ L ,

po il
b crbri efgen, ve x

fi
verge en, fo g e r t
be rli er en l o ,
se

mud) ien L , , g ow r
inagt a , w e i gh ( tr )
maidi en, w ash

meben 16 w eave ,
 G E R M A N —E N G L I SH V O C A BU L ARY

x . N u m er a l s re fer to the se c t o ns i . 2 . N o un i n fl e c t o n s a re i i din c a te d in the usua l w a y ;

the pl u ra l o nly o f fe m ii n n es is gi v en ; u m l a u t is in d i ca te d by n
; the 6 b e fo re 8 in g e n t ii ve

i
s n g ul a r o f n o un s ha s b een u s ua ll y gi ve n ; fo r ru l es a s to i ts re ten t o n o r o m ss o n , se e i i i
3 3 , Re m . 2, n . x .
3 . P ro pe r n a mes i i
w th d en t i c a l s pe ll n g i in b o th l a n gua ges ha ve b een
o m itted .
4 . Fo r the in fl e c t o n i o f a d ec j ti l va sub s ta n t ves , se e i 68 .
5 . Wi th a d ec t ves .
j i
i di
n ca tes u m la ut in c o m pa r so n i . 6 I n the
. ca se o f w o rd s u se d bo th a s a d e c t ve a n d j i
a d verb , the a d ec t v a l j i for m on l y is u su a l l y gi ven .
7 . V erb s a re w e a k , un l es s o ther w se i
i di
n c a te d ; those ma rke d st .
( stro ng ) or i rr .
(i rregul a r ) i
w l l b e fo un d in A pp D ; the . con

j uga t o ni of a is g v e n , a s a r u l e u n d e r the s m pl e verb

co m po un d 8 erb s v e rb i , i . . V
fo llo w ed b y f a re co nj uga ted w th iei n o n l y ; tho se fo ll o w ed b y L, l) a re so m e t mes co n
. i ‘

. i
j uga ted Wi th baben 62 2 . no te ) ; a l l o thers w th baben o n l y 9 C o m po un d v erb s, i . . .

e xcep t those b e g nn n g wi th i i
t er 96 b er 5er a re se pa ra b le , un less be emp eil
o ther w ise n d c a te d 10 i i
T he s tress ( ' ) is ma r ke d o n l y in e xc e pt o na l ca ses
. I I T he
. i . .

i
mea n ngs gi ven a re usua ll y co n fi ned to tho se u se d in th s gra mma r i .

0 5 9 11 13611 , to c ea n , w i pe l .

abrei en, i L to set o ut st a rt

, , , d e pa rt ,

fi benb, m .
,
—68 ,
-6
,
e ve n i n
g ; beé go a w ay .

9 & 6a or abenbé , i n th e e ve i
ab a gen, to d ec li n e (a n i n vit a
n ng i ti o n,

—
.

fi benbbtot, 66 r ,
s u pp e .
fi bid fieb, m .
,
—66 , d epa rt u r e;

?Ibenbefien, n .
,
—6 u p p r , s e . nehmen, to
’

t a ke l a v e e .

?( benbgl ii ctl ein, —

6 ev i ,
e n ng ab i d flagen, s e d en y t to r ef us
.
, ,
.

be ll . a bfcbrei ben co ( o ut) , 5L to py ,

.

“
6, e ve i n n
g a ir . a bfei ntt , to s e t d o w n .

fi benteuer, n —8 .
, , ad ve nt u re . l fid fi, f - 611 i n t e n ti o n .
, , .

a bet , b u t ; ho w e v e r . abita tten, to p a y ( a vi s it ) .

fb
a b a ren, st .
, L ,
to d e pa rt ,
set a bitei gen 3L L to d i s m o u n t , , ,

o u t, t rt
s a d es c e n d , g e t o u t of (a ve h i c l e )
— —6
. .

t f b f a rt, .
,
—
6l t ,
d e pa r t u re . Zl btt’ i l , m ,
‘
66, .
, co m pa rt
a bgebcn, s t .
, L to go a wa y ,
set m e ri t .

o u t, t rt
s a d e pa r t -611 d e pa rt m e nt
—l l
.
,
.
,

bmefenb, a b s e n t
’
‘
Zl bbanbtung, f , t
’
, li ea tis e , a .

pa p e n a d) ! a h ' o h ! a l a s !

a bl aben, st .
, to u n l o a d .
f .
,
c a e, r att e n ti n o .

a bne bmen, st .
,
to t a ke a w a y, ta ke adytgeben, s t .
, to g iv e h eed , pa y
0 6 a tt e n ti o n .
2 74 GE R M N-E N G L I S H A V O CA BU L A RY .

abbi eren, to a d d antommen, 5 L , L ,

to a rrive .

abi eu [p r. g o o d -b e .
y anfii nbi gen, to a n n o u n c e .

—
n r a d d es s anne hmen, st to a c c ep t
—
. . .
, ,

fi bnii d) , li ke ,
s i m il a r ( to ) . n , (m o d e of ) add r ess
all , a ll ( th e ) ,
th e w h o le . anrebcn, to a d d es s , s p e a k to r .

all e n, i ’
ad j .
,
a o n e;l con j .
, b u t, anri dyten, to do
on ly .
b
ant ii t ett , to
‘
to uch .

a IIrrbi 1193 , c e rt a i n ly i n d ee d anftbauen, to l o o k a t g a z e a t

’
. .
, ,

afi gemei n g en er a l u n iv e rs a l ; int ani eben, si to l o o k a t

’
.
, ,
.
,

611 i n g e n e r a l,
. aniteIIen, to a p po i n t ; angeftell t

a lIa nmaI a l l t o g e t h e r , iein to ha v e a p o s iti o n

—
. .
,

al é t h a n a s ( a ) w h e n
, , ,
. 9111 ttn0 rt, f 611 a n s w e r .
, ,
.

a Ifo so ,
t hus a c c o r d i ngly s o
, , , antmorten, to a n s w e r r e p ly , .

t hen anncrtrauen, to e n tr u s t
er o l d ; b or —er 3 ett fi n56i 9 6 f —
. .

t1 a d v e r ti s e m e n t
'

al t ,
u
,
in , ,
.
, ,
.

o l d ( e n ) ti m es anai eben s t to d r a w o n p u t o n

fitmerifa n —
,
.
.
, ,

8 A m eri c a ,
.
, ,
.
(of cl thi ng ) ; L i d)o to d r e ss

a meri fanifd) A m eri c a n ( o n e s s e l f)

’
,
—
. .

fil m 66 er o fii e m c to k i n d l e li g h t

fl vfel m —
, , , .
,
.

t e n u r e o f o ffi c e .
, 6 a pp l e .
,
.
1‘
.

an (d a t . or o n, u po n , to , ?Ipfel baum m eé e a ppl e ,

.
,
~
'
M
,
.

a t, i n , b es d e, b y, o f, fo r ; i tr e e .

(d a t ) b orbeigeben, to go p a s t l i o te t m — 6 a p o s tl e

fl votbefc f —
,
—
. . . .
, ,

QInbenfen, ry ; gum 3 ,
m em o 11 d r u g t o r e
,
.
, ,
-
s .

an ( a ce ) i n m e m o ry o f ,
. mpntbefct m —6 d r u gg i t
‘

,
.
, ,
s .

outer o t h er ; bie —11 th e o t h er fli ppeti t m — 66 a p p tit

’
, ,
s, , .
, ,
e e.

t h ers ; ben —11 I ug th e n ex t

o , QIvti I m A p ril
‘ '
,
.
,
.

d ay .
—611 w o r k ,
.

unbern, r efl .
,
to c h a ng e (f irm ) . a r bei ten to wo r k ,
.

a nbcrt al b, o n e a n d a
b ha f l . ?Irbei tcr m , w o rkm a n .
, ,

unertennen, 7 rr
'

to a c kn o w e d ge , l l a b o ur e r
—
. .
,

rec o
g ni z e . n k ,
ar .

f
a n angcn, s t to b eg i n argerl i d) a g il y n r

?Irm m —
,
. . .
,

a nfangé , a t fi r s t .
, r3 e a m ; b ra ch ( f
.
,
i
,
-
,
r n o

a ngenehm, a g r eea b l e . a riv e r ) .

a ngrei fett , s t to a tt a c k .
, . a rm, po o r .

anbatten, st to s t o p d r a w up arti g, w e ll -b e h a v ed ,
go o d
—
. . .
, ,

fl nfer, m .
, 8 , a n c ho r; bi e QIrgenei J i 611 , m e d i c i n e p hy s i c ,
~

,
.

fal l en l uffm, to c a s t a n c ho r .
W
91 , m - 68 , “ 6, ph y s i c i a n d o c
.
, ,

a ntIeiben, fl d ress
’
re .
, to o ne s to r .

se lf .
fl it, m .
,
v
eé, 4 6
, bo ugh b r a n c h ,
2 76 GE R MAN - E NG L I S H V O C A BU L A R Y

beei Ien, re fl .
, to m a ke h a st e,
hu rry
—
.

2
8a m , m ,
—
66 ,
“
6, b ro o k ,
rivu fiBect, n .
, 66 —6 , r d e n b ed , ga
- .

l et . fli efebl , m .
,
—66 —6 o r d e r c o m
, , ,

—n ,
c h ee k . m and .

b atten, s t to b a ke hefebl en, st to o r d er co m

—
. . .
, ,

fBittfer, m .
, 6 ,
b a ke r . m a nd .

fi abeai mmer, n .
,
—s , ba h t befinben, st .
, re fl .
, to b e fo u n d , b e

ro o m .
(s it u a t e d ) ; b e ( of hea l th) ; mi c
fi a nt w ,
b f m .
,
—e§ ,
4
6, s a t ti o n ( r a il i te L
C i d) ? h o w a re yo u ?
w a y) iBeforberung, f —en, fo r w a r d i ng
—
. .
, ,

fi a n tei g,
bi m .
, e6 —e , , p l a t fo r m tr n s p rt a ti o n
a o .

( r a il w a y ) . befr agen to a s k , ti o n , q u es .

hal b, br am e e ten, so o n , bi res befitrthtett to fe a r a p p r e he n d

'

e e p
th egcbentyei t f —
, , , .

en tly ; a t o ne ti m e en e v e n t i nc i ,
.
, , ,

a t a no the r . d en t .

25 0 11, m —66 “
6, b a ll begegnen L to m ee t
—
,
. . .
, ,

3 mm
, m
.66 , 6 vo l u m ,
“
,
e . begciitert e n t h u i a s ti c ,
s .

flange, a fr i d ; mir mir b

a I (b e begi nnen st to b eg i n c o m m e n c e
,
.
, , .

g i n to ) fe l l a r m d t e a e , e c . begl ei di en st to p a y s ttl e ( a n
,
.
, ,
e

fi anfh fi ,
“
6, b ench . a c co u nt) .

23am, f .
,
-
611 , b a n k, b a nk i ng begl ei ten to a c c m p a n y go w it h
,
o , .

ho u se . 2369 16i tcr m 6 c o m pa n io n

,
.
,
-
, ,

8 anfi er [p r . m .
,
—6 —6 , ,
a tt e n d a n t .

b a n ke r . Begr aben st t b u r y ,
.
,
o .

8 M, m — 611,
.
,
—611 ,
b ea r . t li m it b o u n d o , .

fli arbi e r, m
’
.
,
~
t’ , b a be r r . begrnften to g r eet ,
.

m .
,
-
65 , “
6, b ea d r . behal tcn r to kee p r e t a i n
,
s .
, ,
.

Daw n, to bu d il . behanbcl n to tr e a t ,
.

$ auer , m .
,
—
6 or —
n —n , , p ea s a n t, bebi l fl i d) ; iein to b e o f a ss i s t ,
‘

co u n tr y m a n ,
fa m e r r . a nce .

23m m, m .
,
—66 ,
“
tree
6, . bei n ea r ( b y) b y b e s i d e , , ,

fi tm ent , n .
,
—6 ,
B a v a ri a . a t, it h a b o u t o n o f ;
w , , ,

tBea mt ), m ad j . s u bs t .
, o ffi c i a l .
In d) a t t a b l e ;
, meinem a el ,

beben, to q u a ke , tr e m b l e a t m y u n c l e s ( ho u e
’
. s ,

bebanern, i r , to p it y ; i ntr .
, to b e mit w it h m e b u t m a t m y
, , a o e, -

so rry . h u se ;
o bi6L 6m { Sei t en i n t h i s

bebecten, to co ver . w ea t h e r .

bebeuten, to s i g n i fy , m ea n ; o rd er , Bri be b o t h ( the ) tw o ; all e

, ,

i s tr u t
n c b th
o .

fi ebi rnfl er) , ad j . s u bs t .

, se rv a t n . i5 6m n — , 66 . 6 l eg
, ,
-
,
.
 G ER MA N—
E NG L I S H V O CA BU L A R Y . 2 77

beinahe, a l m o st ,
n ea rly . heforgen, to s ee to , l o o k a ft e r .

Beifpi el ,
’ —66 —6 , ,
ex a m p e l . befpredyen, st .
,
to d i sc u s s t a l k ,

bei fgen, s t , to b it e . . o ver .

tBei ftanb, m , a ss i s t a nc e , he lp . . heifer ( see gut)

Beifteben, s t to a s s i s t , h e l p . . beiteben, s t ; . au f to ln
bei wohnen to be p r ese n t i t
s s on .

a t,tt e n d a . beitei gen, st .

, to m o u n t, a sc e n d ,

b efannt w e ll —k no w n
,
. i t
get n o ( eh c e ) v i l .

23ctannt( er) , a d j . s u bs t .
, a c q ua n i t beiteIIen, to p e p a e , r r ti l l ; r d e r o .

a nce . beitrafen, to p u n s h i .

befnmm cn, st .
,
to ob a n, t i g e t, re f
Qi e nd) , m .
, 66 —6 vi it
-
a ll ;
, ,
s ,
c

c e i ve . vi ito r (s ) ;
s au f iein ,
to be on

?B etgi en, n .
,
-
6, B e g l i um . a vi it s .

bemannen, to m an . beiud) en, vi s it to .

hemerten, to re m a rk ,
o b se rve . beten t p r a y
,
o .

bemii ben, to tr o u b l e . betradyten to l o o k , a t, c o ns i d er ,

fi cnget, mr i .
,
—6 ,
u ch n, c ha p . o b se rv e .

beo bad n
’
en to o b se rv e w a t h , ,
c .
B etr ag m —
,66 .
, ,
a
c, a moun t ,

b eque m c o m fo rt a b l e ; es baben su m
’
,
.
,

to b e c o n v e n i e n t e t ,
c .
Betragen, n .
,
—6 ,
co nd uc t , be
beredynen to a l c u l a t e c o m p u t e
,
c ,
. ha vi u r o .

berefien to tr a v l t h r o u g h r r eg a r d ;
'

,
e . betrcffen, st .
, to c o nce n,

ber ei t r ea d y p r p r d
, ,
e a e . 10 9 3 i bn betr ifft , as fa r as h e is
ber ei t en t p r p a , p r vi d o e re , o e . c o n c e ne d r .

B g
‘
er m,
— 63 — 6 h ill m o u n ta i n
.
, , , ,
. betretcn, st .
, to tr ea d o n , e n e t r .

B er l i n
’ — 3 Be li n r bett ii bt, a ffl c te d , i s or w f ul ro
,
.
,
.

fli eruf m — ,66 — 6 a l li n g.
p, , ,
c ,
ro bett ii grn, st .
,
to c h e a t d e c e iv
, e .

fe s s i o n . fBett, —e6 —en , ,

b ed ; an
ber ufen, st .
, to c a ll ,
su m mon .
0
96 611 , to go to b e d ; git -
li 69 611 ,
berii bmt, l r a t e d fa m o u c e eb ,
s . to l i e (b e) in b ed .

bcrfi bren to t o u h , c .
bettel n, to b eg .

—6
befd w fti gt o c u p i e d b u sy , c ,
. h a tter , m .
, ,
b egg a r .

bei d) eiben m o d e t ,
s . benorgngen, i n s e p , . to g ive prefer
b efd fliefien st t r so lv e d t e r ,
.
, o e , e e nc e to .

m i ne .
bemnnbern, to adm ire .

befdn i tgen to p r o t e t , c . bemnfgt, c o ns c o us i .

befeggn st to l o o k a t vi e w
,
.
, ,
. b caabten, to p a y .

befctzt o c u p i e d fu ll
,
c ,
. 2
3 63119 , m .
,
—66 r e fe r e n c e ;
, in
befonbet s pe c i a l e tr a o r d i n a r y
'

, x au fit h r es p c t t r eg a r d i ng
w e o,

fBil b n —
.
, ,

befonberé pe i ll y pa rti n 63 — 6t p i c t u r e
‘

, es c a , e ,
. .
, , ,

l a r ly . bi lben to fo r m
, .
2 78 GER M N - EN GLI S H A V O CA BU L A RY

Bil bergaterie, f .
,
—
n p i c t u r e ga l
,
-
$ 6111 , f .
,
—
n ,
E x c h a ng e (-b u d il
l ery i ng )
—
. .

$ il b ié po rtr a it Biifc, b a d , r ry
-
n , n , 66, . 6, . c o ss , a ng .

bill i g, c he a p . brauchen, to u s e, n ee d .

Bim banm, m —66 ‘

6, p ea - r tr ee bratnen,
'

ro a r t hu n d e r
to
—
. . .
, , ,

n p ar ,
e . br ed) en st , to b r ea k ; pi ck .
, ,

bié ( a ca ) , till u n til , ,

u p to , a s fa r g a t h e r ( fl o w er s ,

as ; 311, 11 nd) , as fa r a s, Brett b r o a d w i de

, ,
.

e ve n to , u p to , un til ; b ier [ nennen i n to b u r n

,

23nd m — 66 —
, .

fi mf
’

,
fo u r or fi ve ; au f ,
ex , 6 l e tt er
.
, , ,
.

c ep t . bri efi i d) p i t o
, l a rye;
— er QSerfebr s
,

bi fgdyen ( ein) , a littl e . c o rr es po n d e n c e .

bi tten, s t , to . a sk , b eg, r e q u es t ; $ 11 99 [p r 5 b ri g
.
-
,
.

( in) bi t te (l i t I i f yo u b ri ngen i r to b ri n g t a ke
‘
.
,
r , , .

l ea se p l ea se
p ,
. 28m ,
—66 —6 b r ea d l o a f , , , .

bitter b itt e r ,
.
—11 b ri d g ,
e .

bIau b l u e ,
. 93 111361 m — , 6 b r o t he r.
, ,
.

Bl eiben, L rem a i n sta y b e

st to 6 b r ea s t “

—
66 —
. . .
, , , , ,

fi l ei iti ft m 6 ( l ea d ) p e n
,
.
, , ,
-
23nd) , n , —té , et , b o o k
.
n
.

c il . Bfi di erfdyranf, m , —
E té , “ 6, b o o k .

bl iah, b li n d . c a se .

Hil bert , to b l o sso m ( b e i n ) b l o o m ,

. fli ntbfnbrer, m .
,
—s ,
b ook
fi tnmdi cn, n , — 6, littl e fl o w e r .
,
ke e pe r .

fl o w eret .
—11 ri fl e ,

2
8 t n me, f ,
— 11 , fl o w e r . .
Qi ummei gug, m .
,
—86 ,
“
6, s lo w

fi l a men ga rte n , m ,
— s, .
a
,
fl o we r tra i n .

ga r d en . $ 111 0, m — 66, .
,
—6 ,
b u nd le ,
b u nch .

B InmenfobI, m —
‘
. 66, c a u li fl o w e r .
, . $ 11 1 6“ [p r .
—6
,
—6 or
BIii mIein,
E —6, littl e fl o w e r ,
-
g, o fli c e .

fl o w er et .
—6 ,
c iti z e n .

fl i nt, n —66 b l o o d B urgermei fter, m .

—a m a yo r .

—
.
.
, , , ,

n bl o s so m , b lo o m bii riten, to b r u s h
—
. .
,

S l fttenbuft, m .
, 66 ,
4
6, fr a g r a n c e Butter , f .
, bu tt e r .

of flo w e rs .

bInti g, b l o o d y .

8 mm
1 , m .
,
-
6, a
, g r o un d , so il ;
fl or o

—
.

m
230 m, f -11 , b e a n .
,
. i fat , m
(St .
, 6 ,
r Ce sa .

8 0 115 0 113 , c a nd y c a n d i es ,
.
Gent, m .
,
-
6 — 5 c en t
, ,
.

$ 0 0 t, n — 66, — e o r iBote, b o a t c h e m i s tr y

—
. . .
,

3 0 1 9 611 , n — 6, b o rr o w i n g .
,
. (Soufi ne, f .
, n c o us i n ,
.
2 80 G ER MA N —EN GL I SH V O CA BU L A RY .

beutfcb-frangii fifdy, Fra nc o -

Ger bu, t h o u , yo u .

man . buntel , d a r k .

Q entfdi tanb, n — 6, G e r m a n y .
,
. ba rd) t h r o u gh ,
b y, w it h .

55 636111 5 61 , m D e c e m b e r burdi bri

’
.
,
. ngen, st .
, i n s ep .
, to pe n e
bi d) , t h e e yo u ,
. tr a t e, be i n fu s e d i n t o .

ib i tbtet , m 6, po e t burdyfi tbti g, tr a n s pa r n t

-
.
, . e .

bi cf, t h i c k burd n r
'

u di en,
’
. i n s ep , . to se a c h,

bi e (s ee her) . r a ns a c k .

fb i eb m ,
—66 —
6 t hi ef
.
, , ,
. burfen, m od . a ttai n , to da r e,

S i ener, m .
,
—6 s e rv a n t ,
. be pe m r itt e d ,
a ll o wed , e tc .
;
Di enit, m
'
.
,
—66 —6 s e rvi c e , ,
. bar f id) ? m a y I ?
b i ettfi tag,
E m —6 —6 T ues d a y
.
,
. but t e, d ry d ri e d u p
, , .
,

bi eier, t h i s ,
t ha t ; th e l a tt e r ; th s i b urit,
E —63 , t h irs t ; baben ,

(man ,
h e, e tc . to b e t h ir t y s .

$ itt 9 , n .
,
-
66, —6 t h i ng ,
. buriti g, t h ir s t y .

bi t , ( to , fo r ) t he e y u ,
o . ib ntgcnb, —66 —6 , ,
do z en .

bi b ibi ercn, to d ivi d e

bu t) , y e t, s till h w ev r ,
o e ,
b u t,
af e t r
a l l, e tc .

m .
,
—6 D ofto rcn ,
‘ ’
,
d o c to r
( a c a d e mi c d eg r ee) . 65 611 , ju t s no w ; er it on ly j u t s

D oIIar, m —
‘
6, —6, d o l l a r .
,
. no w .

D onnerbafi , m —66 t hu n d e r c l a p ju t
'

cli en s t
‘
.
, ,
-
. ), s as, as .

Sb onncré tag, m — s, —e, T h u rs d a y .

,
. ebel , no b le .

boppeIt, d o u b l e . Gbuarb, m .
,
—6 E d w a r d .
,

$ 01 7, —66 ,
n
et , vill a ge .
—11 ,
b a rr o w .

fDorn, m .
,
-
ta, pl .
-
en, —e or a
er, b
e e, c o n j .
,
b e fo re .

t ho r n . eber , a dv ,
r a t he r , so o ne r .

bor t y o n d e r t h r e
, ,
e . Gi na /fl , —11 ,
ho n o u ; i bm 311 r 11 ,

b oftor)
59 1 ( s ee E
. r
i n his h o n o u .

br an ( s ee bar an) . ei nen to h o n o u r

,
.

branficn, a dv , ou s t ide . ebrl i d) h n e t , o s .

breti en, to turn . (Si ,

'

g
—66 —6t , ,
eg .

br ei , t hr ee . ei ! a h !
w hy ! n d ee d ! i
brei mal t h r e e ti m e, s . i
e gen, a d j , o w n . .

breifgi gfal ti g t h irty fo l d ,

- . 6i 9 611 tfid) , r ea lly , an yway .

bri ngenb u r g n t ,
e . 6i11 , a rt .
,
a, an ; 1 mm ,
o ne .

broben to t h r e a t e n ei na nber,
'
o ne a no t he r eac h

Dt ofcbfmf —
,
.
,

‘
n cab , ,
. t her
o .

1111 15 611 o v e r t h e r e
,
. ei ner p , ro n .
,
o n e, a m a n, e tc .
; ber
brunt ( s ee barnm) .
—6 ,
th e o ne ; bie — 611 , so m e .
 G ER MAN—ENG L I S H V O CA BU L A RY .
281

ein a ren, s t
fb .
, to h a u l in . Gii el fei t, f .
,
—611 v a n it y ,
.

ei nfall ett , st L to o ccu r ( to o ne s

’
6 Ienb,
’
i er a b l e w r t h d
m s e c e

—
. .
, , ,

m i nd ) . s E li a b et h , z .

6i 11 9 6i1611 , st iv
.
, to g e, adm n s e i i t r . (El i h f —11 6 E l s a E l i
, , , s e .

ei ni ge , a fe w v r ,
se e a l, so m e . (SItern pl pa r e n t
'
,
.
, s .

(Sintauf, m .
,
“
6, pu c h a s e ; r empfangen t t re ive ,
s .
,
o ce .

Ginfaufe mad) en, to m a ke p u r empfet flen st t r m m e nd ,

.
,
o eco ,

c h a s es , go s h o pp ng, i sho p . c m m nd ;
o fl t tak ( e s) re .
,
o e o ne
’

ei nfau en, to f m a ke p u r c h a s es , go l a ve
e .

s ho p p n g , i s ho p . Gmpfebl nng, f .
,
—611 ,
re c o m men
einl aben, s t to i n vit e da ti on

—
. . .
,

—611 i n vit a ti
,
on . Gmpfebl ungé brief, m .
,
—te , e ,

6i11 I611 f611 , to tu r n ta k ,

c . l tt r o f i tr d u ti
e e n o c on (or
i
e nmal , o nc e ; au f at o nce ; r c m m d a ti o n )
e o en .

nod) o nce mo r e, a ga n ; i t hi s
a e, n .
,
-
5, —
n ,
end ; 311
mat o n c e ( u p o n a ti m e ) ; ben
,
a n e nd , v r o e .

Z ie
fen C
< j u s t t h i n k ; a i d) t ca bl i tfl , a t l a t fi n ll y s , a .

no t e v en . engl i fd) , E ng li s h ; fi ngli fd) ,

einpad en, to pa c k up . E ng li sh (th e l a ng u a g e) ; au f

-
cu, a rr a ng e m e n t . i n E ng li s h .

cili é , n n m .
, o ne (in c o u n ti n g ) .
(Qui et, 1n r n d so n
.
,
-6
, g a .

ein i d flafen, st .
, L
‘

,
to g o to s eel p, entbed en to d i v r
, sc o e .

fa ll a s eep l .
—611 d i s o v ery ,
c .

n c ni tt,
(fi i b m .
,
—66 —6 ,
i nci io n
,
s . entfer nt d i t a n t
, s .

f
6i 11 615611 , to p u t i n , i rtn se . entbatten t t c o nt a i n
, s .
,
o .

ei lt jt, o n c e ( u p o n a ti m e ) . entfommen, s t .
, L ,
to e sc a
pe v
einitecfen, to p o c ket . entl ang, al o ng .

einitei gen, st L .
, ,
to go (g e t ) entl a fien, st ism i
.
,
to d ss .

a b o a rd ,
ge t i to n
(a v i eh c le) . 611 tI69611 , r m o te d i t a nt
e , s .

i i
e nte l en, to d ivi d e . ent fmi efgen, st .
, re fl .
,
to r e so lve ,

cintreten, st .
, L ( in ,
to en e t r . m a ke up o ne s
’
m i nd .

(Sinmobner, m —6
.
, ,
i nha b i entfdj ulbi gen, to e x c u s e .

t a nt ; po p u l a ti on . Gnfichen, n —6 h o rr o r .
, ,
.

(Qié , n — 66 i c e
.
, ,
. enttaufdl t, d i s a ppo i n t e d .

(Si fen,
' —6, iro n .
G ntta u d
j j g, f
un —en d i s a ppo i n t .
, ,

Gi fenbatj n, f , — 611 , . r a il w a y r a il ,
m en t .

ro a d . cntmeber, e it h er .

(ii j rnbabntvagen, m .
,
—8 , entamei , i n tw o , to
p ec es , i
way —
c a rri a g e , car . br ed) en, st .
, to r
b ea k u p, b re a k
Gi fenj pl i tter, m .
,
-
8, sp li t er n to p i e c es .

of ir on . er, he, it .
 GE RMA N—ENGL I SH V OCA BU L A RY .

erbii tfett, to c a c h t s i gh t '

o f, s ee, errei dycn, to r e a c h a rrive , at .

d i sc o ve r .
ih
er t all ett, w k or st . .
, L ,
to so u n d
erbre m n, st .
, to b r ea k o pe n . r eso u n d .

(Srbi e, f , - 11, pe a
'
fb
er t ei nen, st L to a ppe a r
(i rj t56i 11 6n, n —
. . . .
, ,

Q rbbeben, n , — s, . ea rt h 6 a p pe a r a n ce .
, ,
.

q u a ke . erit, a d j fi rs t ; a d v fi r s t o n ly
, , , ,

Grbe, f .
, ea rt h , gr o u n d so il ,
. no t r e n o t u n til ;
b efo , 65 6
11,

f b
er a ren, st to e x p e ri e n ce l e a r n o n ly j u s t n o w n o t ti l l no w ;
—611 6 i n th e fi r s t pl a c e
.
, , ,

(b y r epo rt ) .
,
.

er i nben, st
f to i n v e n t ; fi n d erftaunen to b e a s t o n i s h e d
'

.
, .
, .

Grfinbnng, f — 611 i n v e n ti o n er jti cfett, i ntn , to t h er

c h o ke , s m o

(srfol g, m —
. . .
, ,

66 - 6 s u c c ess .
, , ,
. ertragen, s t .
, to b e a r e n d u r e , .

erfrenen, to m a ke g l a d ; er freut ,
ertri nfen, st .
, L to b e d r o w n ed
, ,

li t ed
d e gh d row n
—
.

(5 11111
3 11111 9 , f .
, e11 ,
r efr e sh ermadj cn, L to a w a ke ,
.

ment . ermar ten to e xp ec t , .

l l
6rfii II611 , to f u fi ; fi l l . ermei fen, st to s h o w ; d o .
, .

ergebenit ( m o s t ) hu m b ly ve ry
, , ermibem , to r e p l y a n s w e r ; , re

tr u ly (yo ur s) . t ur n
erbal ten st to r e c e iv e g e t; p re
, .
, , eraa bl en, to rel a t e , na rr a t e ,

se rve ke e p ,
. t ell .

6rb65 611 st to li ft ; r efl
, to ri se.
,
.
, , 63 ,it , e tc .
; t he r e ; so .

get up .
L
j
6 611 , st .
, to e a t; Dti ttag
an S to

“fatten, r efl .
, to c a ch c ot l d t a ke
,
d i ne .

co ld ; erfi l tet Leia , to h a ve a (Effett , n — 8 , e a ti n g m ea l

.
, ,
.

co ld . Gfgl flfiel , m —
'
6, t a b l e s po o n .
, .

61 f61111 611 , i 7 73 ,
to r ec o g n i z e;
pe r etIi d) eé , s o m e .

c e ive . etwa , e d i t ab o u t ,
.

erfl aren, to e x p la i n . et maé , so m e t h i ng ,

a nyt h i ng ,

erfranten, L to fa ll ,
il l . s o m e, a ny ; L
o an yt h i n
g
ertunbi gen, re fl .
, to m a ke in (so m e t h i n g) of i nd
th e k ,
suc h

q u i r ies . a t h i ng ; a dv .
, so m e w h a t .

erl auben, to pe r m it , a ll o w . end) , yo u , ( to ,

fo r) y o u .

(Erl el mié , n .
, 4 68 , -e
j , e x pe r i euer, poss a d j , y o u r . . .

ence . ent er, po ss pro n , y o u r s . . .

ermil glidi en, to re n d er p o ss b i le . curi ae ( her, hi t, has) , poss pr o n . .

,

6111 61111 611 , i n to a ppo n i t y o u rs

— Guropa, n , —
. .
,

(i mtetrana, m .
, 66 ,
“
6, ha rves t 6, E u r o pe . .

w rea t h , ga rl a n d . europaifd) , E u r o p e a n .

61 11 i 611 , to re a p ha rv s t 610 i 9 , a d j , e t er n a l ; a dv fo r
’
'
,
e . .
,

Granid ang, f .
,
—en ,
c o m fo rt . e ve r .
 2 84 GER MA N—EN GL I SH V O CA BU L A RY .

g rei tag, m .
,
—6 —e F ri d a y, ,
.
l lytt t5 all
C’
j fpi 6l , n .
,
—66 —6 , ,
fo o b a l t l
fremb, s tr a n ge ,
fo re i g n .
ga m e .

?yremNer) , a d j . s u bst , s tr a n g e r , gufiganger, m .

,
—6 , p e d es
fo re i g n e r . tri a n .

3 1 611136, f —
n joy .
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 GER MAN—EN G LI S H V OCA BU L A RY 2 85

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2 86 GE R M AN—
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288 G E RMAN—E N G L I S H V O CA BU L A RY

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 G ER MA N—EN GL I SH V OCA BU L A RY . 2 89

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,
w a it e r . fommt es, ba lg? h o w i s it t h a t ? ;
fennen, i n n, kn o w , be umé geben to l o s e o n e s li fe
’
to ac .

q u a i n te d w it h .
pe sh ri .

tentem , l .
,
to c a ps z e i .
Q fini g, m —e6 —e k i n g .
, , ,
.

Steffel , m , — 6, k e ttl e . . fi flni gi n, f — nelt q u e e n .

,
~

,
.

Q inb, n , — té , —er, c h il d fflni gli d) , ro ya l

—
. . .

Q inberfti mme, f —n c h il d s v o i c e Q flni grei d) , m —e i ng

’
e6 k
—
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,
.
, , , ,

fi i nbeéberg c h il d s dom
’
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hea rt . fflnnen, i n c , m o d . anx .

,
to b e a b e , l
Q i rd flei n,
“

n —6 littl e c h u r c h can, e tc ; to kn o w , b e v er se d
—
. . .
, ,

rr y n ,
c he . i n , k n o w h o w to .

tl agett to c o m p l a i n
,
.
Q onae rt, n ’
.
,
—eé —e , ,
conce rt .

fl at c l ea r b ri g h t ; i m — eu lein
, , , fl opf, on —e6, “ e, h e a d ,
.

to b e c l e a r h a v e m a d e u p o n e s fi flpfl eln, n - 6, littl e h e a d

’
,
. .
,

m ind Sl opll damerg, m , — e6, — en ( u s u

RIara f —
. .

6 C l a ra
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al l
y h ea d a c h e
fi l all e f —
. . .
, ,

11 c l a s s
, .
, ,
. Ki orb, m .
,
—e6 ,
“
e, b a s ke t .

Si l ab i e r n — —e p i a n ; folten, t
’
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o to c os .

lpiel en to pl a y th e pi a n o foltl pi el i g,tly x p n s iv c os e e e

Stl ee m —
.
,
.
,

, 8 c l o ver .
, ,
. Q ral t f e s tr e ng t h fo r e
,
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fi i ei b —e6 —e1 d r ss ; pl
, ,
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e .
, Q ra fi eu f —n c l a w t a lo n , , ,
.

d r es s e s c l o t h es ,
. front er i l l i k ; ber a
,
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fe the
, ,
s c . ,

tl eibett to d r e s ; r efl
,
t d r es s s .
,
o i k m a n p a ti n t
s c ,
e .

( o n e s e l f)
’
s . Q rantbei t f erl ill n ess s i c k ,
.
,
- '

, ,

fl ei n s m a ll littl ; ber —
, e s ei ger , e ,
n ess .

the sho rt h n d ho u r h a nd a -
Si reibe, f c h a l k .
,
.

fi l i mn n —
.

e8 , —
,

5 fi l i mata c l i m t
,
.
, , , a e. fi rieg, 1n , — e, w a r . .

fi fngett st to so u n d r e so und . Su m i nm
g, m ,
— en,
— en, . c own r
, .
, ,

fl npfen to k n o c k c l a p p at ; té
, , , p ri n c e .

fl opft t h e r e is a k n o c k s o m e
, ,
it c he n —
n ,
k .

b o d y is k n o c k i n g .
Si ngel , f —n b u ll e t
.
, ,
.

fl ug et
, i n t e lli g e n t l ver
M
, ,
c e . fi ub, f .
,
u
e, c o w .

—n —n
,

Q unhe, 17h , , ,
b o y, l a d . fubl , coo l .

Si nedyt, m .
,
—eé —e , ,
man -
se rv a n t , Si unltl er, m —6,
‘
.
, a rti s t .

lab r r ire d fi pfe m — o pp e r i

ou e ,
h -
m a n, m a n . u r una , f , n,
e . c co n .
29 2 GE R MAN - EN GL I S H V O CA BU L A RY

l est, l a s t ; ( th e ) l a tt e r .
j eimmeg
S
. to set o ut
( s t a rt )
Ieudyten, to s h i n e . fo r h o m e ; ltd) an et maé to

S eute, pl , p eo p l e . . set abou t an yt h i ng ; mud) e,

l i ch, d e a r . bal; bu fortfommlt ,
be o ff w it h
S i ebe, f , l o v e . .
yo u , b e g o n e .

l teben, to l o ve . 931“) t r m i gh t a
c, po w e , .

l i eber , c a m p of germ, r a t h e r ; . mad) ti g (g n ) m a s t e r f e , o .

ll
e en, to p efe ( to e a t) r r . mfibtben n —6 g irl ,
.
, ,
.

‘
L i eb, n .
,
—te, - er, s o ng . Magi) f e m a i d ( s e rv a n t )
,
.
,
“
,
-
.

Ii egen, st .
, to l ie , be s itu t a ed , ” at, m .
,
M ay .

be . Mai enl uft f e , .

,
“
, a ir o f M ay .

2tel e, j L iz z ie.
,
. M aié , m —e6 .
, , ma iz e , I nd ian
—
n lil y c o r n ; —mel) l —e6 I nd i n
'
s i ti e, f
.
, ,
.
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n .
, , a

fi i n b e, f
— n ,
li m e.
-
tr ee
, , li n d e n . m ea l ,
co m ea ; — pubbing,
rn - l
l i nf, l t ef . m .
,
—6 ,
-
6, I n d a n m e a p u d i l
l i nté , o n the ( to the ) l e ft . d i ng .

Iuben, to p r a i se . M aieltat f —en ,

.
, , m a j es t y .

n .
,
—té ,
“
er, ho l e,
p it . fil i al , n .
, ti m e ( r e pe a t e d ) ; mi t
Ind em , to l o o se n . einem a ll a t o nce; 4 4
fi flfiel , m .
,
—6 s po o n . macht 1 6, 4 ti m es 4 is 1 6 .
,

m .
,
—e6 r e w a r d ,
. mal en, to pa i nt .

Ifll en, to b u y , g e t, tak e ( ti c ke t ) . imal er, m .

,
—6
, pa i nt e r .

Sotl e, m .
,
—n —n p il o t
, ,
. man, i nd ef .
pro n .
,
o n e, w e , yo u,

Slime, m .
,
—n —n li o n , ,
. t h ey , pe o p le , e tc .

Suft, f .
,
e
e, a i r . mand) , m a ny a, m a ny .

gulf, f .ir e i n c li n a ti o n
,
M
e, d es , , mand mal , o f e n, t f r e q u e n tly .

pl eas ure ; baben t h a v e a ,

o M ann , m .
,
—té ,
“
er, man .

m i n d to w a n t to w i s h t , ,
o .
imamtl cbaft, f .
,
—eu ,
c re w .

sultgarten m —6 p le a s u r e
,
.
, ,
4
, Mantel , m .
,
—6 c oak l .

g rd e n p a rk
a ,
.
Smartben, n .
,
—6 ,
fa iry t a l e
-
,

l ulfi g g a y m e rr y
, ,
. s o t ry .

u t
S l lp i el n — e6 e c o m ed y
, .
, ,
-
, .
—né M a r y ,
.

Warr f m a rk ( m n y) ;
,
.
, 3 o e .

br ei 971m i ) t hree m a r ks . .

?)fi arf f ,
eu m r c h ( di t i t)
.
,
-
, a s r c .

Mat h m 4 6 8 m r ke t ; a ul
, .
, ,
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, a

912 ( s ee 931ml )
. . bel l geben, st , .
l .
, to go to ( the )
ma d) en, to m a ke d o ; , t ine {greube m a r ke t .

to g iv e p l ea s u re , pl e a e ; s fill i ng, m .
, M arc h .

einen 6pagi ergang to t a k e m al dl ine, j .

,
—n m a c h i ne
,
.

l m atr on, m —n — ilo r

( go fo r ) a w a k; li ch au l ben .
, n , ,
sa .
 GER MAN—ENG LI S H VO CA BU L A RY 293

Maus f ,
.
,
a
e, mo use .
W ante , f .
—n ,
m i n u te .

—6
SJl ebigi n J l m ed ic i ne fil li nutengetger, m m i nu te
’
. .
, , ,

” l ee r , n .
,
—e6 —e , ,
sea . ha n d , l ng h a n d
o .

mebr, mo re ; ni d) t no m o re, no mit , ( to fo r) m e ,

.

l o ng e r ,
not no w . mit a o ng l w it h ; by
mehrere, s e ve r a l .
(i n m u l ti pl i ca ti o n) .

mebrmal é , s e ve r a l ti m es mi tbri ngen, i n n to b ri ng w it h

Wteil eJ i —
.
,

n le agu e , ,
.
(o n e ) b ri ng a l o ng ,
.

mei n, pa ss a d j m y .
,
. mi tfahren, s i l to go ( d rive .
, .
, ,

mei nen, to m ea n t h i n k , , ex p e ss r e tc ) w it h ; g o a l o n g ( w i th )
. .

th e o
p i n i o n (t ha t ) re f r ,
e to . mi tgelyen, st l to go w i t h go .
, .
, ,

mein(er ) , pers pr o n o f m e . .
,
. a l o n g ( w it h ) .

mei ner, pas s pro n m i n e . .

,
. mi tfommen, st l to c o m e ( go ) .
, .
,

meini ge ( ber, bi e baé ) , pa ss pr o n ,

. .
,
w it h o n e c o m e (g o ) a l o n g , .

m in e; bie E eintgen, m y fa m il y m , mi tnelymen, st to t a ke w it h (o n e ) .

, ,

e tc .
; hué S eini ge tun, to d o m y m t a ke a o ng l .

s ha re ,
d o w ha t I can . mi treil en, l , . to tr a ve l (g o ) w it h ,

meilt, m o s t . co me ( o)
g a lo ng ( w it h ) .

mei ltené , m o s tly , fo r the mos t Wi l treil enuer) a d j su bsl fe llo w , . .

,

pa rt . tr a ve ll e r .

Q uilter, m —6 m a st e r mi tl udyett to lo o k fo r a l o n g w it h
,
. .
, ,

mel ben, to a n no u nc e ; re fl ,
to o t hers .

ly it u a ti o n ) Sm i ttag m —e6 — m id da y
a pp ( fo r a s .
, e .
, , , ,

ma rge , f .
,
—n m u l tit u d ,
e,
g r at
e no o n ;
311 ellen to d i n e ,
.

m an y . ill l i ttagé ellen n —6 d i n n e r ,

.
, ,
.

m en m —
l ) , , en ,
d .
—en ,
m a n (h u m a n m i d d l e c e n tre ,
.

b e i n g) , pe r so n ; feta no mi ttei l en to i n fo r m .

b o d y, no o ne ; pl .
,pe o p le Wi tteil ung f —eu c o m m u n ic a ,
.
, ,

Wienl clyenl eben , n .

,
—6, ti o n i n fo r m a ti o n
,
.

m a n ) li f e . 9Jti ttel , n —6, .

,
m e a n (s ) .

mel l ldl l id) , h u m a n

‘
. wti tternadyt, f .
,
e
e, m d n gh i i t .

merfeu, to m a r k n o t e , , pe r ive
ce . filti ttmod) , 1n .
,
—
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t , We d n e s d a y .

smell“ , n 6, .
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k n fe i . mll gen, m an , m a y
i rr ke .
,
m ad . ( ,
li ,

9Jl eter, m or n . .
,
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met r e . e tc ; id) mug but? a d) , I d o no t
. i t
mi d) , m e . li t
ke th a ; id) m ba) e ( gem ) , I t
mieteu, to h ir e , e n g a ge . s ho ul d li k e to .

m il k l l l tl gl i d) , po ss b i l e

— —
. .

Will i am f elt m illi on Di o na t, m

” ’
e3 -
e, mon h t
—
,
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, .
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Mini lter’
, m —
6 m i n i s te r 512
” mm m e8 -e m oo n
—
, , ,
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, , , .

(p ol i ti c a l ) . ml ontag , m .
,
—6 , e , M o n d ay .

mi nué , m i n u s . mor gen , m .

,
-
8, m o r n i ng ;
2 94 GE R MA N—EN G L I S H V O CA BU L A RY

beé —6 morgené i n the m o r n

, , natbfitzen, si .
,
to s a t y in
(a s pu n
i ng ; beut e (geltern) mor gen t h i s ,
i s h m e n t, af e t r scho o l ) be de ,

(yest er d a y ) m o r n i ng . ta i n e d .

morgen, to -m o rro w ; fril l) ,

to na d fi
t, n e x t .

m o rr o w m o r n i ng mmf
97
,
M
e, n i gh t
—
. . .
. ,

Wi ntorbnot n té bbte ,
.
,
-
,
’

or mad) til d) ,
m .
,
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.

—boot e m o t r b o a t
,
o - . mad) tl ieb , n .
,
—e6 —er e v e ns o n g
, ,
.

mube tir e d fa ti g u d
, ,
e . magel m ,
.
,
—6 il M
na .

mul fi pl igi eren t m u lti ply ,

o . nab(e) , t n ea r
nad fl ,
.

Wanti ng n —6 M u n i c h
,
.
, ,
. Wahr ung f ,
.
,
—en ,
no u ri s h m e n t ,

Wtii nge f —n c o i n
,
.
, ,
. fo o d .

il l ul e um,
l ’
n .
,
—6 E
muleen , ,
mu mame , m .
, 4 1 3, —n ,
na me .

seu m . naml i d) , n a m e y, l tha t i s to say .

m us i c .
l
it a } , e
er, w e t .

w i ngfatnulg, t m eg Stati ona l =ib

’
enfmal , —6
f .
,
e
e, nu . n .
, ,
n
et ,

mfi llen, i n n, m od . a ux .
, to be na ti o n a l - m o nu m e n t .

ob li g e d to , b e fo rced to , h a v e natarli d) , t r l;
na u a a da ,
na u t r
to , m us t . a lly , oi c o u rs e

m il er
a , n .
, p a tt e r n , m efiel , m .
,
—6 ,
fo g , m ist .

s a mp e l . neli ett (d ot , n ea r , b y, b e
M utter, f .
,
a
, m o t her . s ide .

matterdl ea , n .
,
—6 ,
m o t her nebenan, n e a r b y, n ex t doo r .

( d ea r ) ne hmen , si to t a ke ; fil blclfieb
—
. .
,

mitti q
E n ,
ca p . to t a ke l ea ve , s ay g o o d -b
ye .

nei n, n o .

nennen, t ell ; mit

i n n , to na m e ;

nennt man biele © tral3e? w h t a

i s th e n m e f t h i s s tr ee t ? a o

l
nu ! w e l ! no w ! neu, n e w .

uud) af e t r ,
to , acco rd i n
g neul i d) , l t ly
a e ,
th e o t he r day .

to ; $ aule ,
h o m e ; ber 3 11g ni d) t, no t ; m ehr , no l o n ge r ,

i i , the tr a i n fo r B . n o t n o w ; no y e t ; gar d) no t

a m a m — 6 —
m d n , , n, n e i g h b o u r . . n o t a t a l l ; Q i e li nb m l be, i
mabr ? yo u a r e tir
”

na dybem, co n j , a ft e r . . ed , a re

marbl ol ger, m -6, s uc c ess o r .

,
.
yo u no t ?

undigeben, st to y i e l d g iv e w a y .
, , . ni d) té , no t hi n
g .

na di her, a f ter w a r d t h e r e u po s, n .
Wi d el mfi nge f ,
.
,
—n
,
i
n c ke l co n i .

machinittag , m —e6 —e a ft er.

, , , ni e n e v r ; noci)
, e ne ver yet .

noo n ; beé —6 i n the a ft er n o o n

,
. ni eberl egen, to l a y d o w n , r es i g n .

—en ,
new s . ni emanb, n o b o d y, no o ne, no

nacbl eben, si .
, to loo k , sea c h r .
pe r so n , no t a n yb od y , e tc .
 G ER MA N—EN G L I S H V O CA BU L A RY .

iBf at ret , m .
,
—6
,
c e l rgy m a n , Bul é l tbl ag,
‘ —e€ ,
“
e, pu l s a ti o n,

m i n i ster .
p u s el b a
- e t .

f l d mell , s w i ft a s a n a rro w
v ei l .
‘
Buuft, m .
,
—eé ,
-
e, po n ; i t 10
— —
Bl enni g, m , e6, e, p fe n n i g
’ ‘ ’
Uhr, at te n ol ’
c ock r i se l y
.

p ec .

(T h pa rt of a m a k) r .
puuftl id) , p u n t ua l c .

‘
Biet h, n .
,
—e8 —e , ,
h o r se .
5 u
B ppe, f , .
—n d o ll ,
.

pfl angen, to p l a n t .

pftaltern, to pa v e .

pfl egen, to t e n d n u r s e ,
.

SBftid fi, f , —en, d u t y
qual en, to to r m e n t , v ex
. .

pfl i tfitgetreu, fa it hfu l to d u ty

.

Q uell , 1n , —eé , —e, s p ri ng , fo u n

.

”fl atten, to p i c k p l u c k, g a t h e r
'
.

ta i n
.
,

pfl itgen, to pl o u g h
’ .

fi uell e, f — i fo u n ta i n
SBf u nb, n —eé — e, p o u n d .
, ,
.
.
, n , s p r ng , .

l il ol o pl) , m
’
.
,
—en ,
-
eu, p h il o s o
ph e L
Bbotosravbi e ,
’ ’
f —
n , p ho to
g ra p h . mauuufel , f .
,
—n ,
r
c o w fo o t ,
b ut
Ph s y ics . te r c u p .

Bl atz, m
’ .
,
—e6, “
e, p la ce ,
s ea t; f
ra teren, to s h a v e .

li c p l a r that, m —eé vi c e
pu b c e, s qua e . .
, ,
ad .

vl flti li d) , s u d d e n . t aten, st . to ad vi se .

pl ug , p l u s .
m atlyaué , n .
,
—e6
,
“
er t o w n ,
- l
h a l,

fi ortemonnai e [p r . n .
,
c it y - ha ll .

—8 , 6, p u
-
rse p o ,
c k e -b o o k t . matl el ,
n .
,
-
6, ri d d le .

prii tll ti g, s ple n d i d ,

m ag n fi cen i t , raudyen, to s m o ke .

fi ne . rau l dyen, to mu mu r r , gu g r le .

iBreié , m .
,
—e6 —e , , p ri ce ; ri e p z . red) tt eu, to r ec ko n .

prei en, st
l .
,
to p ra i s e, e x to l . fli ed muug, f , .
—en ,
b ill , a c co un t .

‘
B reu e, fi —n ,
—n
,
P r us i a n s red) t, ri g h t ; geru (e) , ve ry
( n ou n) .
g l a d ly ; gut, q u it e w e l l ;
‘ reu en n
B fi , 6 P r uss i a .
,
~

,
.
geben, to a d m it ; baben, to
preulgil d) , P r u ss i a n ( a d j ) b e ( in the ) ri g ht .

‘ ro e or m — ri gh t
B f ll hts,
’
‘ ro e o ren
B l ll , 6 .
, , , p ro rec on the ( to th e ) .

fe sso r . reben, to s pe a k, t a lk .

‘
B rogra
’
mm, n .
,
-
té , —e , p ro mebené drt , f .
,
—eu , ph r a se ,
ex

g ra m me .
p r ess i o n .

profl ami eren, topro c l a i m . fRegen, m , — 6, r a i n .

?Bw b ia nt m — e6 p ro vi s i o n s Si egenfdii rm, m —e; um

’
,
.
, ,
.
-
e6, .
,

iBubbing m —s —6 p u d d i n g b r ll a
‘

. e
,
. .
, , ,

‘ ul é m
B —e
,é —e p u l se .
, , ,
. iRegengei t, f .
,
—en r a i n y ,
w e a he t r .
 GE R MA N - E N G LI S H V OCA BU L A RY . 29 7

m egieruug, f .
,
—en ,
v r
go e n m e n , t mitterl tflal t f ,
.
,
kn gh h o o d i t .

r ul e; un e t r ber i n the e g n r i . ili od , m , — eé , “ e, c . oa t .

regnen t ,
o r in a . ilt oll e, f ,
—n, p a rt (mea t) . .

rei d) ri c h mom n —8 Ro me
—
,
. .

,
.
, ,

fli eid) , n .
,
-
e —e
,
em
p ir e ,
k i ng mama u m ’
,
.
, e6 —
e r , ,
o m a nc e,

do m . no ve l .

reid) eu, to p a ss , ha n d . 9t0 l e, f .

,
-n r o se
,
.

mei dl é ltabt , f .
,
-
'

e, i m pe ri a l ity c . mofiue f ,
.
,
—n r i s i n , a

reif ri li fié l ein, n ,
E —8 littl ro se e
, pe . .
, .

tli ei ba f , —n r a n k ro w, t u r n ; ici) w t, er re d a

—
.
, , ,

fomme an bi e it is my t u r n ; ?Rot wei n, tn ,

~
e6, e r , ed w ne , i
her h ad) , in tu r n . c a l re t .

r ei n c l
, ea n, r pu e .
mil li g f —n t ur n i p , ,
.

reiul i d) , c e l a nly ,
ne a t ,
ti d v .
Wil d en , m —6 ba ck
.
, ,
.

fli ei e,
l f r n e y v y ge
.
,
—u
,
j ou ,
o a , lRli tf li t} , m — cd —e b a c k s ea t
.
, , ,
- .

tri p ; cine mad) en to t ke ,

a th at, m , .
—e6 —e c a ll s ho u t c rv , , , ,

(go o n ) a j o u r n ey .
f
ru en, s t ll y o u t .
, to ca ,
cr .

reiien l ,
to tr a v e l j u r n ey
.
, ,
o , mube f r es t r po se
,
.
, ,
e .

go ; g (a w a y) s t o u t (o n a
o ,
e w hen to res t r e po s e
, , .

j o u r n ey ) . rubi g q u i e t a lm
, ,
c .

meileuNer) a dj s u b t tr a ve ll e r ,
. s .
,
. runb ro u n d , .

rei geub h r m i ng
, c a . muube f —u r u n d c irc u it
,
.
, ,
o ,
.

mepubli fJ —en r p u b li '

, ,
e c . m ll
u e m — u —u R u s s i a n ( n o u n)
,
.
, , , .

iR pe u i fa ner m — 6 r pu b ,
.
, ,
e mufil aub n 6 R uss i a ,
.
,
-
,
.

li c a n .

iReltaurati o nJ —eu r s t a u r a n t ’
, ,
e .

retten to s a ve r e s c u e
, ,
.

meb nl uti n uJ —en re vo l u ti o n ’

, ,
.
’
3 ( see eé ) .

m e b o l b
’
er m — é r e vo lve r ,
.
, ,
. e aal , m .
,
—
e6 ® ii l e , ,
ha ll .

fli eaevt n — eé ,
—e r e c i e
p p e .
, , , ,
r 6aat, f —
eu .
, ,
s ee d , so w n g , i g r ee n
s ri pti o n
c . c opr .

fli beiu m — e6 th e ( riv e r ) R h i n e

, .
, ,
. 6u m , f .
,
—n ,
t h i ng ,
m a tt e r
mbeiumeiu m —té —e R he n i s h ,
.
, , ,
a ffa ir .

w i ne h o c k ,
. e ad fieu, n , —6, S a x o n y . .

ri d) ti g ri gh t c o rr e t ;
, geben t ,
c ,
o g aemauu, m , — e6, “ er, . so w e r .

b e ri g h t c o rre t ( f l i m pi e ) ,
c a e- ce .
l aeu, to s o w .

minberbraten m —s ro a t ,
.
, ,
s fagen, to s a y t e ll ,
.

of b ee f .
G al a, n — té — e s a lt
—
.
, , ,
.

fil i ng, m .
,
—e8 ,
-e
,
ri ng . m .
, u8 ,
-u
, see d .

t inueu, s t l flo w, li tutl i cl) , a l l

.
, .
,
to ru n , p as s (col l ecti v el y) .

by .
6a m§ tag, m .
,
—6 —e , ,
Sa t ur d ay .
 2 98 GE R MAN —ENG L I S H V OCA BU L A RY .

t t t l afma gen, —6 l i
fau l t, e
er, s o f , s w ee .
,
s ee p n
g
.

fatt, sa ti s fi e d ,
sa ed t . car .

e at} , m , — e8 , “ e, s e n t e n c e é m l afgi mmer, n -

6, b ed ~

g ebud) tel , f , —
.
,
. .

n, b o x ( of pa per . or ro o m .

c a rd —
bo a r d ) .
i d) l agen, st to s tri ke .
,
.

g dm be ) , m , m . © d) aben or l d fled fi, b a d po o r ; lonlt gebt eé bit? ,

g cbdben, d a m a g e ,
r
ha m .
(s ee geben) .

e al abel , m —6, s k u ll l d flei cbeu, s i l to c r eep s n ea k .

—e6 —
.
,
. .
, ,

e m f , n
.
, e , ,
s h ee
p .
i d) l aien, si to g ri n d .
, .

i dfli fl eiu,
C n —B .
, ,
little s he e p , Garm ei fltei n, 1 n f eé -
e g ri n d .
, , ,

l a mb . t
s o ne .

e thal eh f , —n ,
s he l l .
l d fli mm, b a d .

M ull en, to r eso u n d . Q d fli ugel , m , .

—6 , r o gue, ra s

S chal ter, m .
,
—8 ,
w ick t e ,
cal .

ti c ke t -
h ee
ot . G dyli ttenfabrt, f l i g h ri d e .
,
—en ,
s e -

e t al t a r,
b j b n .
,
—
e8 ,
—e , l ea p ( d riv e ) ; cine mad) en to t a ke ,

yea r .
(g o fo ) a l e i g h ri d e r s -
.

l dyii meu, r efl to b e a s ha m e d .
,
. 6 d flittl tli ul) m —c6 —e s ka t e ; ,
.
, , ,

fdj arf, er s h a rp
e
,
. l aulen st l to ska t e
,
.
, .
,
.

t arl a d), m —B s c a rl e t .
, ,
. g d flol} n —e6 er c a s tl e p a l a c e
,
.
, ,
a
, ,
.

e dl atteu, m — 6 sh a d e s ha d o w .
, , , . G d floli frei bei t, f ( pr o per . n a me =

l dj auen, to l o o k g a z e ; , se e .
p re c i n c t s of th e p a l a c e ) .

e rbaufenlter, n — 6 .
, , ( s ho w e ffil ol w
l at} , m .
,
—e6
,
“
e, c as tl e

w indow . squa e r .

G dyau fpiet, n .
,
—te ,
-
e, pl y
a , e tbl ulg, m .
,
—e6 ,
e
e, c o n c u s o n, l i
d ra m a . e n d ng i .

é dj aulpi el er, m , a c to r . .
fcbmed en, t a s t e ; hué lebmecftto

e d mulpi el eri u, f , —neu, a c tr es s . . mit I li ke ( the t a s t e f) th a t

,
o .

(i d) eif, m , — 6, — 3 , s he i k
. .
fd mei chel tt t fl a tt e r o .

e dl ei u, m , — eé , — e, n o t e , b a n k
. g am i ng m —e§ —eu a i n ri f
,p g .
, , , ,
e .

no e t . g ametterl i ng m —e6 — e b u tt e r , .
, , ,

i d) einen, st .
,
to sh ne ; i see m . fly .

i d) ei teru, l .
,
to be w re c ke d . g d mi eb, m .
,
—
e§ ,
—e
, (b l a ck
l dmtfeu, to ive g ,
m a ke a p r ese n t it h
sm .

o f, p r ese n t . 6dmti ebe f —n ,

.
, ,
sm it hy fo rge ,
.

l au
d en, to se n d .
fdymiegeu, re fl .
,
to n es tl e ; w i n d

e dyiff, n — té — e .
, , ,
sh ip; 311 m ea n d e r .

sh ip ,
by sh ip .
e rbate, m , —6, s n o w . .

G di il bmadi eJ , — n, se n tr y l chueibeu, si , to c u t
S chneiber, m , —
. . .

e d flacbt, f , - en, b a ttl e . . 6, . t a il or .

i d) l aien, st to s l ee p .
, .
l dyuei eu, to s n o w .
3o o GE R MAN—EN GL I S H V O CA BU L A RY

t d) ,
l i
h m se f, l he rsel f ,
e tc .
; ( to , 6 0 mmerfl eib, n .
,
—e6 —er , ,
su m

fo r ) h m se f, i l e tc .
; rec i pr .
,
o ne m er d re s s .

a no t h e r ; fli t fo r o ne s se
’
lf; l ouberu ( after b ut .

l
a o ne e nnnabeub, m — 6, - e, S a t u r d a y .

S put u , —
.
, .

l
i e, s he , it ; he r , it ; t h ey t he m ,
.
m
n, s un .

é i e (f or m a l ) yo u ,
.
m
é ouneul ei n, m , —e6, s u n s h i n e . .

lteben, s e v e n . e onncnltrahl , m —té , —en, s u n .

,

E ignara ( p ro © inj ora ) f .

,
.
,
l dya ,
b ea m , s u ns h n e i .

m ada m G onntag, m .
,
—6 —e S u n d a y .
.
, ,

Q il ber, n —6 s ilve r .
, ,
.
l oult , l
e s e , o r e se , l b es d es , i t he r o

e i thermi seJ ,
m — rt, s ilv e r co n i . i
w se ; bergl eidben o t he rs f o

fil bet n, (o f) s ilve r . the sa me k i nd .

li ngen , st .
,
to s ng i .
-
n, c a e , s o r rr o w .

E inn, m .
,
—te —e , ,
s e ns e ; m i nd, l orgen, to be a nx o us, i b e fu ll of

li ng i n t e n ti o n
fe e ,
. ca re , ta ke ca re .

g imp m —6 m o l a s s e s
,
.
, ,
. e ar gen, n .
,
—6 , so rro w i ng .

g it) m —, eé —e se a t p l a
.
, , , ,
ce .
l orgl al ti g, r l c a e fu .

li ken, st to s it; barauf li st liars, l omi e a s w e ll a a n d a l so

, s, .

o ne c a n s i t o n it .
lpauil rl) S p a n i s h ; ©panilcl) Spa n
, ,

S igi Ii en, n .
,
—8 S i c ily ,
. is h (the l a ng u a g e) .

in, so , a s, th u ; t here s no w ; l pannen, to co c k (a gu n) .

eiu, s u c h a ; et maé ,
an yt h i ng é pargel , m , —6, a spa ragus . .

of th e k i nd ; mit ,
as lp ,
at l a t e ;
—er, l a t e r , a ft e r w a r d s .

as ; mi e a ud) , a s a so , a s l we l l é paten, m , —6, s pa d e . .

as ; gr aft gr ofs, gre a t fpfi teitens, a t the l a t es t .

as ju t s as g re t ; a ( a ntr o n s l pagieren, l to t a ke a w a l k e tc ; .
, ,
.

) gehen st l to t a ke ( go fo r )
’ ’
l a ted i n res ul l cl a u se .
.
, .
, ,

l obal b (mi t) a s s o o n a s ,
. a wa k l .

l oeheu, j u s t n o w 6pa5iergaug, 1n — té , .
,
e
e, w a k; l
l ol nt t, fo rt h w it h i m m ed i a t el y at ei nen mad) en, to ta ke (g o
'

, ,

o nce . fo r ) a wa k l .

l ogar , e ve n .
l pei l en to fee d n o u ri s h
, ,
.

l g
o e n a nut , so -
c a ll e d . 6peifetarte, f — u b ill .
, ,
of fa re ,

l ogl ei d) i m m e d i a t e l y a t
, ,
o nc e . m en u .

60 1 m, m — té “ e s o n .
, , ,
. é pei egi mmer, n
f .
,
—6 ,
d i n i ng
s uc h r oo m
—
. .

E ol ba
’
t, m .
,
—eu
,
—eu ,
so l d ier . e piegel , m .
, 6 ,
m irr o r ,

f all en, i rr m od a ux to b e in l o o k i n g g l a ss -

— e6 —
. . . .
, ,

duty b o u n d to , b e to , s ha ll , Q piel n , e pl a y .
, , , , g a me ;
m ust ,
o ugh t; be sa id to , e tc . a c ti ng .

S ommer, m .
,
—é ,
su m me r .
fpiel eu to pl a y ; a c t
, .
 G ER MA N—ENG L I SH V O CA BU L A RY 30 1

g ui tal , —e8
,
“
er, ho s p it a l .
e ternmartc, f .
,
—n ,
o b se rva t r y o .

s por t, m , —t é rt l w ay ve r
.
, s po .
lteté , a s, e .

6pradye, f , .
—n l a ng u a g e ,
. G teuermann, m .
,
—e6
,
n
et , s e e s t r
S pradi robr, n .
,
-
e6, —
e ,
s pea k ng i m a n , he m s m a n l .

tr u m p t e .
lteuertt , to s t ee r .

lpredyeu, st .
, to s pe a k ; sa y ; pro e ti cicl , m — 6 boo t .
, , .

n o unc e ; tra n s .
, to s pea k to , ltill , s till q u i e t c a l m
, , .

se e, i n te r v i e w .
ltill eu, to s till a ss u a ge ,
.

E pri dymort, n , —eé , “ er, pr o ve r b . .

lti ll ltebeu, st l to .
, .
, s ta n d

lpfi efieu, st , l , to s p r o u t , b u d . . . st ill .

é pri ngbrunnen, m , — s, fo u n .
e tnd , tn ,
—e§ ,
e
e, s ti c k, c a ne ;

ta i n . s ot ry (of a bu i l di n g ) .

l pti ngen, st l to s pri ng .

, .
, , j u mp .
ltii ren, to d i s tu r b tro u b l e ,
.

—eu d i t u r b n c e
lpii t eu, to tr a c e p e rc e ive ,
.
e tflruugh fi , , s a , in
G i ant, m — e6 — en s t a t e te rr u ptio n

e tol) , m , —
. .
, , ,

6taht, f .
,
u
e, ityto w n , c . e6, “ e, b l o w k n o c k
.
,
.

G tall , m .
,
—té e s t a b l e ,
e
,
. 6trafe, f - n, p u n i s h m e n t
.
, .

6tii rfe, f .
, s tr e n g t h fo r c e v i g o u r , , . e tmub, m , — e6, —e, s tr a n d s ho r e , .
,

—eu s t a ti o n s to pp i ng , ,
S tr a nd (s treet i n L o n d o n) .

p la c e . 6trafie, f — n, s tr e e t .
, , ro a d .

li ai t (gen ) , i ns t ea d o f . S trafgenbabu, f — en, .

, s tr e t r a il e - «

ltuttfinben, st , to t a ke p l a c e w a y, tr a m
—
. . .

e taub, m .
,
—e6 ,
d us t . G traud) , m .
, té ,
a
t or n
et , b u s h,
ltetfen , wk . or st .
, to t hr us t , pu t, sh ub r .

s ti c k .
ltrei d wln, to s tr o ke p a t ,
.

e ternabel , f , .
—n pin ,
.
ltreidmt , st to s tro ke .
,
.

itchen, st , to s t a n d ; b e, b e s it u e frei t, m — e8 —e s tri fe c o n t es t

e6 —
. .
, , , , .

t
a ed , l ie . S tri ct) , m — e s tr o ke li n e
.
, , , , ,

ltei geu, st .
, l to ri s e, mo un t ,
m a rk .

a sc e n d ; g ué 53a to la nd ; ltri d eu, to kn it .

in, to e n e t r (a ca rri a ge , 6 tr ol) , n —e8 , s tr a w .

, .

e teiui d fie (baé ) , n .
,
ad j . s u bst .
, 6trom, m —e8 , e, s tr e a m rive r .
,
e
, .

s ont y pl a c e (s ) . e tm mpf, m - e§ e, s t o c k i n g .
, ,
e
.

Ci te ll e f
,
— n pl a ce .
, ,
. G tu b e u mfi bdy , , 6,
eu n — ho u s e .

ltell en to pl a ce pu t
, , , se t . ma d i .

S tell uug, f .
,
—en , po s iti o n , s it ua 6tubentur, f .
,
-
en, d oo r of a

ti o n ro o m
—
. .

lterben, st .
, l .
, to d ie . 6n d , n .
, e6 —e , , p ie ce; p lay
e l em , m , .
—e6 ,
-
e, s a t r . d ra m a .

S tembl ume, f .
,
-
n, s a - t r li ke e tube nt, m
’
.
,
—ett ,
-
en, s u d e n t t .

flo w e r .
ltubiereu, to s ud t y .
 30 2 G ER MA N - E NG L IS H V O C A BU L A RY

e tubiergi mmer, n .
,
—e ,
t
s ud y taudyen, to d ive .

(r oa m ) ta ul eub, a t ho u sa n d
— —eé —
. .

é tubium, 6 © ruhten t u d y n s i au enb,l n e t ho us a n d

G tul fl m —
. .
,
.
, , , , ,

e6 e h ir
,
.
, ,
e
,
c a .
( n o u n) .

E tunbe f —n h u r ; l so n
,
.
, ,
o es . S ee, rn —6, .
, te a .

ltuubenl ang f ho u r ,
or s . z eel fi fl el , m . t e a sp o o n
,
-
6, .

6tuubeu5 ei ger, m .
,
—6 ,
ho u r s ei d) , in ,
—
e§ —e p o o l po n d , , , .

ha nd , s ho rt ha n d . tei gi g, d o u g hy .

e turm, rn , — e6, “ e, s t o r m . .
z ei l , m . a nd n .
,
—e@ ,
—
e p rt , a , po r
ltii rmil cl) , s t o r m y ti o n ; pa rty
z el el fn p, n —
.

e6, —
.

lubtrabiereu, to s u b tr a c t e; t e l es c o pe
’
. .
, .

l utben, to se e k l o o k fo r ,
. z eli ci , m — 5
‘

pl a t e .
, , .

l iibl i d) , s o u t he r n s o u t he rl y , , on z empel , rn — 6 t e m ple , ,

.

the so u th . teuer , d ea r ; e x pe n s ive .

e unber, m .
,
-
6, i
s n ne r . z beater, n — 6 .
, ,
t he a tre .

S uppe, f .
,
—n ,
so up . fi bul a , m — e§ , —e, .
, t hr o n e .

lul) , s w ee t . i i el , d ee p .

Stiefe, f — n, d ee p d ep t h(s)
.
, , .

t i er , n — e6, — e, a n i m a l b ea s t
.
, , .

z i er gar ten, m —6, , pa r k .

,
a
.

tabel a, to b l a m e . Sti ute, f —n, i n k .

,
.

—n ,
b l a c kb o a rd . m .
,
—e§ —e t a b l e ; , , 311
S ag, m .
,
—té ,
-
e, d ay ; eines —té , ( ein) l aben, to i n vit e to d i n n er ;
o ne d ay bei lein to be atta b le
—
. .
,

z ageé anbmd) , m .
, e8 ,
d ay m
z il gebet, n .
,
—e§
,
—e r a c e
g , (a t
b re a k . m ea ls ) .

ta gl i d) , d a ily . z il chl er, m .

,
—6 ,
c a b ne i t
S al , n —eé e
er, va ll ey m a ke r , j o i ner
—
. .
, .
,

2 am, m .
, 6 ,
ta l e r ( 7 2 c e n t s ); z i tel , m .
,
—6
,
titl e .

l r
d o la . m .
,
—eé ,
d e a th .

2 ante, f —n .
, ,
aun t . S ol l ette [p r . toal e tte],
’
f .
,
—
n ,

S ang m — e6
, .
, ,
e
e, d a nc e , d a nc i ng . t il e t
o .

taugen, to d a n c e . to m ato -
u, .

z apfcrtei tJ v a l o u r b ra very , ,
. z ur n — , e8 — e ga te
.
, , ,
.

z al cbe, f —n, po c ke t .
,
. tbti chtet tneil e fo o li s hly ,
.

Q uichentud) , n , —té , er, h a n d .

e
tot, d ea d .

ke r h i ef
c . taten, to k ill .

—u c up S oun t l [p r turi lt], m

’ —
en —en
—
. .
,
.
, , ,

S ub j .
, en d e e d a c ti o n t; , , ,
ac in t o u ri s t .

ber i n d e d i n f t tr u l y e , ac ,
. tr ugen, st .
, to b e a r ,
ca rry ; w ea ; r
S an, rn .
,
—e6 ,
dew . b ri n g t a ke ,
.
30 4 G ER M AN—E NGL I S H V OCA BU L A RY .

unungene bm, d i s ag r ee b l a e, un
’
u utertau wen , to d ive ( d o w n ) .

p l ea sa n t . unter megé , on th e w a y .

u ua t ti g,
' ‘
i l l -b e h a v ed, n a ug h ty . unb erbei ratet, unma rri e d .

uubc l dl i bi gt, i j r
u n n u ed . unb erl ebt, u n n u i j re d .

unb, a n d ; lo wett er and —n c a u se ,

.

so fo rth . ufm (unb lo meiter) a n d

.
, so fo rt h ,

i n d i sp e n s a b l e . et c e e a t r .

unermartet u n e p c t e d ,
x e .

ungebul big i m p a ti e n t ,
2?
.

uugel a br a b u t n e a rl y
’
, o ,
.

ungl au bl i d) i n c r e d i b l e titl e s o f n o b ility)

( ban in
’
,
. a .
,
.

u ugl ud l id) ,
’
u n h a p py, u n fo r tu 2i am m — 6 , fa the r .
, ,
4L
,
.

na e t . Qi aterdmt n 5 little fa t he r
, .
,
-
,

uuib erli tii t, f , — eu, u n iv e r s it y ( R u ss i a n m od e of a dd ress )

—
. . .

l l ufnlteu, pl e x p e n ses fii aterl anb, e6 —e f t h rl

’
.
,
. n .
, , , a e a nd,

unmil gl i d) , i m p o ss i b l e ; i d) fault
’
to na tive co u n tr y
—
.

tun, I can
’
t p o ss b i ly do it . fli eil tbeu, n , . 6 vi l t ,
o e .

u unii ti g, u n n e c ess a y
’
r . i terauba , f .
,
—s or fiBeranben,
d i so r d e r , u n tid i ve ra n d a .

n es s . b eraué gaben, to p a y o u t, spe n d .

nué , u s , ( to ,
fo r) us . b erbefiern, to c o e c
'

rr t .

uul et , pa s s ad
j uerbl ri ben, st l t re m a i n
‘
.
,
o u r. .
, .
,
o .

l
uu erer, pa ss pro n o u r s . .
,
. b erbrecben, st .
, to b e g u ilty o f .

uul ri ge ( ber bi e bus) pa s s pr o n , , ,

. .
, b erhrennen, i r r . to b u r n
,
.

ou s r . b erhri ugeu, i r r .
, to s pe n d , p a ss
unten, at th e bo tt o m ,
be lo w , ( ti m e) .

d o w ns t a irs . b erbi enett , to rve ea rn ; d es e .

unte r (d at .
,
u n de r ,
b e nea h, t b er ent en to h o n o u r r e v e r e
, , .

b el w o ,
a mo ng, in ; ber fli e= b erei nen to u n it e ,
.

gi erung, i n th e r e i g n . b erferti geu to m a ke p r e p a r e , , .

t r r
un e b e chen, s t , i n s ep ,
’
. . to i n te r nergebené i n v a i n , .

r u pt . b ergel ten t t r e p a y , s
.
,
o .

uuterbell eu, m e a n w h il e ,
in th e b ergell eu t t fo rg e t ,
s .
,
o .

m e a nt me, i wh e il . vergefgl i tl) a b se nt m i d d, fo r - n e ,

unterba
’
l ten, st .
,
t r
i n s e p , to . en e getfu l .

i
ta n ; r e fl to enj y o ne se l f
o
’
s
‘
B ergungen, n —6 p l e a s u e, r j o
y
—
.
.
, , ,

l l ntefi m ieb , m
'
.

,
eg e d i ffe r
,

’ ,
li t
d e gh ; Di et baben , to en o j y
e nc e . o n e s se f
’
e l v ry m uc h .

—t u s i g n a t u r
‘
,
e fli ergnfi guugé rei l e, f .
,
—Il , p l ea s u r e
li ntertau, m .
,
—6 a nd —en —en , ,
tri p .

s u b ec j t ( of a r u l e r) . b erbei ratet, m a
’
rri e d .
 G ER MA N - EN G L I S H V O CA BU L A RY .

30 5

b erhi uberu, to h i n d er , p re v e n t .
’
b oll e nben, i n s ep .
,
to fi n s h, i e nd ,

ve rirr en , re fl .
,
to l o e s o ne s
’
w ay . c o m p e e; l t Dol l el tbet, co mp l tee ,

nerfaufen, to s ll e . e tc .

Qi erfi uferi n, —nen l o f, r m b y, i

f .
, ,
s a es b un f o , w th ,
wo m an . abo u t , c o nc e r n i ng .

?B erfebr, m .
,
—té i n t e r c o u r se ,
. not (d a t .
,
b e fo re ,
o f, in
b erfl eibeu, to d i s
gu i se . f ro n t o f, a go .

i
herl e hen, st .
,
to c o n fe r , g ive b orbei , p a s t , go ne .

( titl e ,
t wrbei fa bren, st .
, l .
,
to g o ( d riv e ,

nerl i et eu, lo s st .
,
to e . il t )
sa ,
e c .
pas t .

nem i cbteu to a n n i h il a t e, . vor bei gehen , st .

, l .
,
to g o ( w a l k)
b erl ii umeu to m i s s ( tr a i n pa t s

—
,
.
,

nerl d m fieu t p r o ur g t , o c e, e .
fli erbergrunb, m .
, té ,
a
t, fo re
b erfd neili ett t t pr ri b , s .
,
o es c e .
g ro un d .

b erl d tui nben t l t v ni h , s .

, .
,
o a s fli nrbet fi e, m e§ , — e, f r o n t —
sea t .
,
~
.

d i a pp ea r
s . Qi orbertii r, f , —en, f r o n t d o o r .
-
.

b etfeeeu t ,r e p l y a n w r ; in o ,
s e b orbrii ugeu, r efl , to p r e s s fo r .

gut e {taunt to p u t i go o d n wa d r .

hu m o u r . fli orgebi rge, n .
, 4 , p ro m o n
b erliufeu t l t s i n k f u n d r
, s .
, .
,
o ,
o e . t o ry .

b erl precm u st t pr m i s , .
,
o o e .
fii orgel esfl er) , ad
j . s u bs t .
,
su

fli erl ud) m —e§ —e tri a l a tt m p t

,
.
, , , ,
e .
pe ri o r ( ffi e r ) o c .

b erl ud nu t t y a tt m p t
, o r ,
e . vor her b e fo r e ( h a n d ) fi rs t
, ,
.

nertraueu to tr u st
o nfi d
, , c e. b ong , dj l a st f r m e r
a .
, ,
o .

fli ermanbtm) a dj s u bst r e l a ,
. .
, b url el en s t t r ea d a l u d
,
.
,
o o .

ti o n r e l a tive
,
. b orl dl i eli eu st to a d va n
,
.
,
ce

b ermel ten to w it he r , .
( m o ne y ) .

b ermunben, to w o u n d .
230 tl peife, f .
,
—n ,
en tr ee
’

Qi etter, m , — 6, —u, c o u s i n
. . fii orltabtj , rb “
e, s u b u .

b i el , mehr , mei lt, m u c h a g r e a t , fii orteil , m ,

té e d va n t ag .
-
,
-
,
a e.

d ea l o f ; pl m a ny .
,
. nortragen t to r c it e , s .
,
e .

b i el erl ei , i nd ecl m a ny ki n d s o f .
, . number b y o ve r p t : , , ,
as

b iell ei cht, pe r h a ps b orubet manbem , to p a s s b y

’
. .

b i er, fo u r . norai eben, st , to p e fe . r r .

fittertel , n — s .
, , q ua rt e r .

—u
fii i ertel ltu nbe, f q u a rt
’
.
, ,
er of

an ho u r .

Qi ogel , m —6 a
b ir d
—
. .
, , ,

fli flg m l ei n, n .
,
—6 ,
lit tl e b i r d, ll ii a aretthaué , n .
, e8 ,
a
er, d epa rt
b ir d i e . m e n ta l st r o e .

b oll , f u ll . ma d) ten , st .
, l .
,
to g ro w .
3 6
0 GE R MAN —EN G L I S H V O CA BU L A RY .

wa tch , g ua r d . met) tuu to hu rt , pa in .

flBafie, f —n w ea p o n fi eib, —e6 —et wo ma n ;

‘
.
, ,
. n .
, , ,

fiBagen, m .
,
-6
,
ca rri a g e, w fe i .

w a ggo n . mai d) , so f t .

tr ugen, st .
, to w e gh i wei l , b ec a u se , a s, s nce i .

mubten, to c h o o s e s e l e c t ,
. tee m m —té ,
.
, ,
—c
,
w i ne .

ni g ht tr u e ; © te linb mil be
, , ni d) t mei nen, to w e e p .

yo u a re tire d , a re y o u n ot ? QBeinbii nbl er m ,

.
,
—5 ,
w i ne
mebrenb (g en ) ,
du ri ng ; con j .
,
me rc ha n t .

wh e il .
QBei ntraube, f .
,
—
n , g r a p es .

QBabt hei t, f — en, tr u t h .

,
.
QBeil e, f , —n, . w a y, -
m a n ne r ; au l
QBaIb, m — té er fo r e s t w o o d ( s )
.
, ,
e
, ,
. bi ele in this w ay .

QBaubJ e w a ll ,
fi
,
. wei l) , wh it e .

QBanMener, m — 6, w a n d er e r .
, , mei t fa r
,
.

p g il ri m . mei terfahreu, st .
, l .
,
to g o (s a il ,

manbem l , .
,
to w a n d e r , go , p a ss . e tc .
) on .

warm ? w he n ? QBeigeu, m .
,
—6 ,
w he a t .

warm, er, w a r m e
. meId) er ? w h ch ? i w ha t ?

warum , to w a r n . meId) er , r el .
pro n .
,
w h o; wh ich ,

war ten, to w a it . that ; i n d ef .

, so me .

QBartefa al , m .
,
—e6 — a[e
, l , wa iti ng 28 mm it he ri n g
, n .
,
—6 ,
w .

ro o m .
QBeIIe f —n w a v e ri pp l e
,
.
, , ,
.

war um? w hy w he r e fo re QBeIt f — eu w o rl d

, . , ,
.

was ? w ha t ? i fi el taué ltell ung, f .

,
—en , i nter
was, r el pr o n . .
,
t h t w hi a c h, w ha t ,
na ti o n l a exh i b iti on .

w h ch i . went ? ( to fo r) ,
w ho m ?

was fit]: ( ein —e , ,

w ha t ki n d men? w ho m ?

o f (a ) ? w ha t ? weni g, littl e; fe w .

mai d en ,
st .
,
to w a s h . metti gltene, a t l e a s t .

waiter , n
.
,
—5 ,
or wa t er . menn w h e n w h e n e ve r ; i f ;
, ,

toecbfel n, to c ha n ge, ex c h a n ge . uud) —gl ei d) e v e n if a lt ho ug h

, , ,
.

med en , to w a ke n . met ? w ho ?

meber a nd) , n e it h e r nor; mer , re l .

pr o n .
,
h e w h o , th e o ne

no r . w h o , e tc .

—té —e r m r
83
QBeg, m .
, , ,
w a y, oad, 1 st .
, ,
to b e c o m e , g o w,

s tre t e . i n o ut to b e b e, a ux . 0 f f ut .
,

meg a w a y o u t o f th e w a y
, ,
. s ha ll ,
w ill ; a ux . o f pa ss i v e ,
to

megeu (g en ) o n a c c o u n t o f . . be; eé mir b ?l benb, e ve n i ng is

wegnehmeu, s t to t a ke a w a y .
,
. c o m ng o n ; i aué , to b ec o m e
l Bebmut, f
t s a d n es s m el a n .
, ,
of; gu, to t u r n i nt o .

t ho y l . wer fen, st .
, to t hro w .
 30 8 GE R M AN -EN GL I S H VO CA BU LA RY

j aule,
e at ho m e ; S huen ,

to y o u r ho u s e , e tc .
; a du , to o ;

8 a bl , f .
,
-eu
,
nu mbe r , fi gu re . to .

gabl eu, to co un t; nu mb e r ,
ha ve .
gubriugeu, i rr .
, to pa ss , spen d

S aint , m , .
—e§ “ e t o o t h , ,
.
( ti m e ) .

Bar, rn .
,
—en —en C z a r , ,
.
aii dfii geu, to c ha s t se i .

3 Q3 ( gum $ eilpi el ) , fo r
. . ex a m p e , l S fe
ur r , m .
,
—6 , s ug a r .

gubed eu, to c o ve r (u p) .

gebu, te n .
guerlt, fi rs t .

—n ra w i i d nt a l ;
S eidyenftuube, f .
, ,
d n
g gul ii ll i g, acc e ada , by
le s so n . c ha n c e .

geigen, to s ho w; re
fl .
,
to s ho w gufriebeu, t s a ti s fi e d c o n te n e d , .

’
o ne s s e lf , a pp ea r .
Bgu m
,
— e6 e tr a i n ( r il w ay )
.
, ,
“
a .
,

B ei ger, m (o f ti m e
.
,
—6 ,
ha nd angeben t t a d m it , s .
,
o .

p i ec e ) ; ber grolge ( fl eine) th e gugegen p r s e n t , e .

lo ng ( sho rt) h a nd m i n ute , gugl ei ma t th e s a m e t i m e

, .

( ho u r - ha n d
) b f,
gu au i n h ea phs
—
. (

8 ci l e,
f n li n e .
, , .
gubfiren, to li s t e n .

s ei f f —
, en ti m ;
.
, ,
e nor a e lt r S h ,
u firer m — s .
, ,
he a re r ; pl .
,

l d ( n ) ti m
o e es . i
a ud e nc e .

Bei tl aug; tine a ( s h o r t) w h il e .

autommeu, st .
, l .
, au l to

3 ci tu u g f
— eu n e w s pa pe r
, .
, ,
. r
a pp o a c h .

g ei tm ort,
— e6 er ve r b ,
e
,
.
gul auteu, to l ng ( to ) i .

geri atl en, r u i n e d i n r u i n s ,

. l t
gul eet, a s ( o f a l l ) a t a s ,
l t .

gerfti elgeu, st l to m e l t ( a w a y ) .
, .
,
.
m
guma ett, to c o s e s h u t l ,
.

serreili eu st to t e a r ( to p i e c e s )
,
.

,
.
auuad fit, n ex t ,
i n the nex t pl a ce,

gerrutten, to shat e t r . t
he n .

geritlj reu, to d es tr y o ,
d emo li sh .
gunbeu, to k i n d l e .

S cug, n .
,
—e6 —e , ,
t
s u ff, l
c o th , 8 uuge, f —u .
, ,
to n g u e .

m a t e ri a l
I

.
aurii d , a d v , b a c k . .

gi ehen, st .
,
to d ra w ; i ntr .
, l .
,
to gut uttfalj reu, s t , l , . . to d rive ( etc ) .

go , tr a ve l . back .

giereu, to a do rn .
gurud fall en, st .
, l .
,
to fa ll b a c k,
er —
8 fi , f , n, fi g u re n u m b e r
i .
,
. r e c o il .

i l — er, d i a l fa c e i back
3 fierh att, n , e6, .
«
, .
gurud geben, st .
,
to g ve .

S i mmer, n .
,
—6 , ro o m .
aurudfebreu, l re t u r n go b a k .
, to ,
c .

s i mmertfi r, f .

,
—en ,
doo r of a anrufen st t c a ll ( s h u t ) to
,
.
,
o o .

ro o m .
gul agen to s u it a g r e e w it h ,
.

bittem , to tre m b l e gul ammeu t o g t h r ,

e e .

—
.

S ,
o il m ,
—e6,
-
c, i n c h. .
3 f
u a mm en tr efic n n 6 m ee ti ng , .
, , ,

a t, fo r, i n , by; e nc o u n ter
all to , o n, .
 GE R M A N—
EN GL I S H V OCA BU L A RY .
30 9

S ul d muer, m .
,
—6 ,
s ec a o
p t t r .
S iva “ ! m .
, 4 5, -
e, b r a n c h,
gui chen, st .
,
to lo o k o n; t a ke b o ug h .

ca er .
gluei geu, to s e n d o u t s ho o st .

S a tt anen, n .
,
—6 tr us t
, , co n S m e i fa mpf, m —e6, .
,
e
e, d ue l .

fi de nc e .
amei mul , t w i c e .

gumeil en, s o m e ti m es .
amei teug , i n the s eco n d p l a ce ,

gre at , it is tr u e , i n d ee d . s ec o n d ly .

3 mm, m —e j t rc e l
té , o b ec groingen, to fo c o m pe
-
.
, , , pur st .
, ,
.

po se .
5 tuil cbeu (d at .
, b e t w e e n,
met , tw o . a m o ng .

gmeierl ei, tw o k n d s o f i .
ambl l , t w e lve .
 1 2 EN GL I S H —GER M A N V O CA BU LA RY
3 .

Am e ri ca n , n ou n, i l meri fauer, m .
, asc en d , belteigen, st .
, tr .

—8
,
asc erta in , feltltell en .

A m e ri c an , ad
j .
, ameri fani ld) . ash am ed ( to b e ) li d) lclfli men , .

am o n g, un e t r ginildmt ( d t or
,
a . ask ( i nqu i r e) iragm ; (questi o n) ,

be ( b el o ng to ) gehiiren gu , . befragen ; ( requ est) bi tt en st , ,

.

a nd , unb . a sl eep ( to b e ) ldflafen s i ; fa l l , ,

.

a ng ry
bole ( a t, auf,
''

ei nlcbl alen l
—
, ,

ani m al I i er , n —e6, ,
.
—e . aspar a gu s, © pargel , m .
, 6 ,

ann ih il a t e , b ermcbten . i t
a ss s , beilteben, st .

an o ther ,
ad
j .
, eiu anber er, ( —e ,
a s tra y g o ) , li d) b erriren
( to .

-
e6 ); o ne einanber ; c up a t ( A pp B, 4, in, an, un d a l
.
N .

of tea , nod) e ne i I a e ll I ee . or 311, bei ( d a l , of pl a c e) ; .

an sw er , Qi ntmort, f .
,
—en um 311 ( d a l .
, o f l i m e) ;
an sw er m , unt orten . um, 311 (of pr i c e) ; a l l, irgenb ;
an xi ou s belorgt (um , ,
no t a l l, gar nid) t; la t s

any meId) er etmaé ; — b o d y

, , , (fi n a l l y ) ,
enbl i cf) ; (l a st f
o all ) ,

o ne j emanb ; o ne
,
at a l l, gul etét ; le a t menigltené ;
s ,
’

( a ll )
i rgenb i r;
e ne —
t h i ng , etluas ; (s u dd enl y ) mi l ei nmal ;
o nce ,
'

—t h i ng b u t, ni d) te weni ger al e .
( i m med i a tel y ) lofort; o ne ,

a
pi ece,it . ti m e a no t he r , bol b
a ppea r ( s ee m ) lcbeinen s t ; ( m a ke , ,
. hal b .

o ne s —a n c e ) erlcbeinen xl l ;
’
, ,
.
, . a ttack angr ei fen st
, ,
.

gum fil orlcbcin fommen s t l ,

.
, . a tt em p t iZSerlucl) m ,
—eé —e ,
.
, , .

a pp l e l l —6 a tt en d ( b t) bei wohnen
le m , ,
.
, ,
4
.
p nt e r es e a ,

a ppli c a ti on ( to m a ke ) li d) melben , .

a pply to li d) mel ben bei , . a tt en ti ve aulmerflam , .

a ppo n i t , erner men ,

i rr .
(ti l e o r an) . A ugu st ?Iugu lt m ,
’
,
.

r
a pp oa ch , li d) na e n br A ugu s ta 21ngultc f —
n6
, ,
.
, .

April , SI pri l , m
’ a un t I ante f
’
.
, n ,
.
,
~
.

ar ithm eti c merbnen , ,

n .
,
4 3. A us tr i a S li crrci d) n —
, 6 ,
.
, .

arm , ?Irm, m .
,
—té —e , . av oid f b ermeibcn ,
st .

ar m y peer ,
‘
.
,
n .
,
—té —e; , fi rmee J
’
, a w a y, meg fort , .

—n a xe , QIrt f c .
a
.
.
, ,

r
ar an gem en (Sinrirbtung, f , —
t en
,
. .

ar r es t , b erbalten, arr et ier en .

a rriv e , anfommen, s t , l ; unl an . .

gen , l . b ack , marten ,

m .
,
-
6,
as , mi t ; ( w he n ) al e; ,
b a ck , a da , gur ud .

( eben) lo mi t ; ( s i n c e ) bu; ,
b a ck -d o o r , tbintertii r, f .
,
—en .

if 0 16 menn al e ob ; b a ck gr o u n d , —te
pintergrunb, m
‘
,
soo n , . .
, ,

lobal b lomie , .
e
e.
 EN G L I S H G — ERMAN V O CA BU LA RY . 313

bad , ld) l i mm; ld) l ed) t; bii le; li bel ; Bel gi um , SBel gi en, n , .
—
6 .

arg, “
er b el i ev e , gl auben ( d o t o f pen )
—
. .
.

b aggage , Gi epi d , n .
,
—e€ . b el l , G
olod e, f .
, n .

b ake , bad en, sl b en ch , SBanE

, f
“
e
—
. .
.
,

b all , 58 a“,
m .
, e§ ,
“
e. b end , bi egen, st .

Ba lti c , D ltlee, f .
,
b es i d e neben ( d at ,
. or bet
b ank Sb aal , f .
,

-
en ; ( of a str e a m ) ll ler, n b esid es , au gerbem l
“

.
, , .

—s ,
b e t ak e o ne s sel f ,
’

li d) begeben ,
st.

b an k er , Qi anfi er, m .
,
—8 —B , . b e tw een , amtldml (d a t . or

b an kru p t
bantero tt ; b ec o m e
,
’
b eyo nd ienlei t ( g e n ) ,
.

banterott mad) en . b id ( o r d er ) betfzen st , ,

.

b an qu e t , Gl a ltmabl , n .
,
—e6 ,
M
et .
( ofl er ) bi et en, s t ,
.

b a ske t , Q or b, m —e§ 4
c b i g gr olg “ er gril lzt
—
. .
, , .
, , ,

t le
ba t ,
—en . b ill ( a cc o u nt) Si etb nung f , ,
.
, en .

Ba var i a ,
SBaneru, n .
,
-
6 . b ird , 230 ml , m .
,
—8 ,
4
; little
be, l ein, i n n, l .
; ( w i th p i
a ss v e ) ,
b d ir i e, n .
,
-5
,

merben ; in i io n (t
a po s t o do fiBfigel d nn, n .
,
-6
,

an y t h i ng ) , tmltanbe lei n ; I a m b irthd a y , ©9 burt6tag, m .

,
-
té , —
c;

to , id) l oll ; ho w a re yo u ? mi c fo r ( as ) a pr es e n t , gum 6

56 ,

ge bt £6 Sh uen ? mi e belinben © i e burté tag .

i
l )d ? b it e , bei laen, si .

bean , —n . b i tte r , bi tt er .

bea r , trugen i ,
s . b l a ck , ldmmrg, u
er ; B l a c k Fo rest ,

bea u t ifu l ld) fin , . g d margmal b, m — e6 .

, .

b e c a u se , mel t . b l ind bl i a h , .

b e c kon , minfen . bl ow bl aleu, s t

,
.

b ec o m e , merben ,
‘

i .
, l . b l o w ( kn ac k) ® t0 f§, m — e6 “ 6 , .
, , .

b ed , fli ett, n .
—eé —eu a r d e n
,
, ;g b o a t , SBoot, n — e3 , — d d i e;
e a nd E .
,

SBeet, n .
,
—e8 —e . Rabn, m —e6 c .
a
.
, , ,

b ed ro o m , 6 d) l al3i mmer, n , —6, . b o o k SBud) , n —

, e6, “ er .
, .

b eef ( ro a s t o f ) , S
Rinberbraten, m .
,
b o o t © ti elel , m —
,
6, .
,

—e ,
b o rn pa rt gebor en
,
.
, .

b efo re , pr e p , nor- ( d a l or b o th bei be, beibeé

—
. . .
,

befo re , a d a , b orber , . b oun d ary , ©r en3e, f .

, n .

b efo r e , b beb or
co n j .
, e e, . bow to , gril lsen
beg ( a s k) bitt en sl ; ( a s k
, ,
. al ms ) , b ox (of pa per or c a r dbo a r d ) ,

bett el n .
—n ; on the ea r ,

be gga r , SBettl er, m .

,
—6 , Db f r ei ge, f .
,
-
n .

be gin , begi nnen, sl ; anlangen, . st . bo y, S unge, m .

,
—n , Rnabe,
beh in d , pr ep , binter ( d a l o r . . m .
,
—n —n , .
3 4 I E NGL I S H —G E RMAN VO CA BU L A RY

b r a nch ( tr ees , 3 mei g m —e€ , Cal ab r i a , Ral abri en, n —

8
e€ —
.
, ,

—
.
, .

e; ( str ea m ) ll rm
‘
e , , ” l .
,
-
, . ca ll ( s u m mo n) , rufen ,
st .
; ( n a m e) ,

b r e a d 23m n , e6 ,
.
,
-
. nennen, i rr anr ufen . to ,

b r e ak br ed) en st, ( s m sh) 381: ,

. a , be —c d ( n a m e d ) , bei ben, st

br ed) en ; to p i e ce s o r i n two , c a ll n gi ( pr of essi o n ) SBet ul, ‘

m
mei bt em
, .
,

eni g en ;
‘

o pen , er= —ec —e

—
, .

br ed) en . cam p, finger , n .

, 6 ,

b r eakfa st $rfl blttl d , ,

n .
,
—eé —e , . c an , fonnen, i rr .

b ri d ge , iBrii d e, f .
,
—n . c an d y , c an d es , i fib onboné , pl .

b ri g , SBrigg, f .
,
—6 . can e , g tod , m .
,
—e6, M e .

b ri ght bell , . c an o e Si abn, m ,

.
,
é
eé , e
e .

b rin g bri ngen , ,

i rr ; . o u t, b er: c a p, Whi ne f n ,
.
,
-
.

aué bringen ; up, beraufbringen , c apa b l e l abig , .

i rr . c apit a l ( i ty ) Q auptltabt f c , ,
,
.
,
M
e
.

b ro th er , SBruber, m —6 c a ps iz e umldflngen
.
, ,
t , l ; ,
s .
, . fen
b u i l d , bauen . t er n l , .

bu ild in g (ed ific e) , ©ebdube, n .

, ca ptai n p) , Q api tdn, m (of a s hi .
,

—
s ,
—e6, —e; ( m il ofl i c er ) Sj al l pb .
,

burn , i ntr .
, br ennen, i r r ; . tr .
, b er mann, m — e6 — l eut e .
, , .

br ennen . c ar e mbgen i r r ; t a ke
, ,
.

li d) in
bury, begr aben, s t . ud) t nehmen ; t a ke o f, od) t:

bu si ne ss , (Si eld m
lt, n .
,
—e5 —e , .
geben au l
bu sy ( o cc u pi ed ) belchdltigt , . c a r efu l , lorgl ii l tig .

b ut abet ; all ei n ; ( af ter n eg ) lon

, ,
c ar ri a ge QBagen, m —
, 6, .
,

bem ; n o t o n l y a l s o ni d) t all m —e6 “ e

, c a se , g .
, .

—
, ,

nut l onbern and) ; a ny t h i ng ca s tle , g d flolz, n .

, e6 ,
"
er .

ni d) té weniger al e; n o t h i ng Sta e, —n
c a t, g f .
, .

ni d) té al e . c a t c h langen , ,
st .
; co l d lid) , er

buy, faulen ; f ro m , abfau en l fdl ten .

(d at . o f ca u l ifl ow er ,
SBl umenfobl , m .
,
—e6 .

by ( w i th pa ss i v e) , b an l b
c a u se , b erur ac en ; to b e m a d e ,

n ea r bei neben ( da t . mad) en l allen st ,

.

or
(a rt i n ce a ti m e ) ,
cease aufbot en ,
’

hi s, hi s 311 n i ght bei , 92min ,

ce l eb r a t e lei em , .

bee m a d) te, ma d) te .
( S ee a l so c e l eb r a t ed (f a mo u s ) beril bmt , .

A PP 3 .
, 4 cer t a in ger b i l) , .

ch air , ® ) tul l m —e6 ,

.
, ,
M
e .

ch an c ell o r Q angl er m , ,
.
,
-
6,
c ab, fib rold fie, f - n .
, . ch an ge ( a l ter ) , tr .
, finbern, b et :
c a bb a ge S tohl , m — e8 ,
.
, . unbern ; i ntr .
, li d) finbern .

ca bm an , fi utlcber, m , — 6, . Ch ar l es , fi arl , m .
,
—6 .
3 6
I E NGL I S H —
G ERMAN V O CA BU L A RY .

r
c own -p rin ce , Renaming, m .
,
—eu ,
d ese rt ( mi l . ter m ) , belerti et en .

—eu d es tr o y aet ltoren

’

— —
.
, .

cru sh , G
j ebr i nge, n .
, 8 . dial , sillerbl att, n .
, eé ,
“
er .

c u p, I all e, f —n d i e, lterben st l
—
. .
, .
, , .

c ur en r t ( to b e ) , gel t en ,
st . d ifi eren ce , l l ntet lcbi eb ,
m .
,
—e6 , e .

cu t, ld meiben st ; d o w n ( fe ll ) ,
.

,
d ig , gr uben, st .
; u p, o v r e ,

u mbauen st ,
. u
’
mgr aben, se p, . st .

Cz a r Bar m ,
-
en —en ,
.
, , . i t
d li gen , ll ei lgig .

i D
d n e , ellen, s t ; 311 Ei ittag .
ll
e en .

d i nn er (i llen, n 4 3; mittagé
S
—
.
, ,

ll
e en, n .
, 6; at -
bei Z i ld) ;
to 311 I i ld) ; b e fo r e b ut
d a m a ge , m .
, Ei ld) .

g dmben a nd A
; do @ d) aben d i sa gr eea b le unangenebm , .

m ud) i en
( . d i sa ppea r b erld minben t l
, ,
s .
, .

d a n ce , i ungen . d i sappo i n t ed enttii uld fl , .

d an ge r (S elabt , f
‘
—tll ‘
d i sc o v e r entbed en
—
. .
, , .
,

da te , D a tttm, n ,
‘
. 6 , Q a a t a nd d i sc o v e ry (Sntbed tmg f en
, ,
.
,
-
.

d i scu ss belprecben st
“
E aten .
, ,
.

d a ugh te r , I nchter, f .
,
a
. d i sm i ss etttl allen t , ,
s .

d a y, t ag, m .
, 4 6, —e i n t h e s e
;
—s ,
d i s tin c t betttl id) , .

beutgutage; eines I d i s t u rb li br en
'

o ne ageé ; , .

w ha t it ? ber of the m o n h i s t d iv e u ntet tuttcbeu s p st

,
'
,
e .
,
.

mieb ielte i lt beut e? ; t h i s d o tun i

, a n e x e r c i s e (l
,
rr .
, esm

w ee k ( fo rt n i g ht ) beut e fi ber ,
so n ) , eine il ulgabe mad) en ,
od) t ( biet gebn) I nge . d a m a ge, © d) aben anri d fien .

d ead , tot . d o ct o r (p yh s i c i a n ), fi s, m ,
-
cc, rt .

l
d ea ; a g e a r t
o f, lebt b i el
‘

.
“
e; ( a c a d em i c d eg r ee) , fDOEtor,
d ear ( bel ov ed ) , teue ; (ex pen s i v e) , r —
m , 6, S ofto ren
.
'
.

r
teue , foltlpi el ig unb, —eé —e
. d og, Q
. m .
, , .

d ea h , It c h, m .
,
—ee . d o ll , g u
B ppe f ,
.
,
—n .

d e ce ive , betril gen, st . d one (r ea d y ) ferti g , .

De c em b e r , © e3ember, m . d oo r , I ii r f — en ,
.
, .

d ec i d e , tr , entlcbei ii en, s t ; . . i n tr .
, m
d o ub t ,
B lei el m —6 ,
.
, ,

li d) ent ld niben ; beld) li el3en, st mobl obne Bmeilel

—
. .
,

Denm ar k fa emat f, n , .
, 6 . d oub t ameileln (an, ,
be3mei
d epar tm en t , fil bteilung, f .
,
—en ; leln
l a d i es ’
d res s ?Ibteil ung fl i t d o u gh y , teig g i .

Q amenfl eibet . d own , a dv .

, binab hi nunter , .

depa rtm en t al s to r e flBaat enbaué , d o z en , D ubenb,

‘
n —e6, -
e.
—
.
, ,

e6 d raw (pul l ) gi eben,

“
, er. , st.
 E NGL I S H - G ERM A N V O C A BU L A R Y .
3 7I .

d r ea dfu l , fut d fibat lar d) ,

: e gg, (i i, n .
—e6 —et '
.

terl i d) , entlegl id) . ei th e r; o r, eut mebet ‘

d r eam I r ati m m —eé e “

abet .
—
.
.
, , , ,

dr ess , Si l ei b, té — er ; l a d y s l t mabl eu mabl en ( al e or

’
n .
, ,
e ec , , er gu) .

d r ess
S ammfl eib ; ,
su m m e r e l em en ta ry sch oo l , Gl ementat
6 0 mmerfl ei b .
-
n .

d r ess , tr . angi e en, b st .

; antl eiben; E liz a b eth , —6 .

i ntr .
, l td) angi e en, b st .
; li d) an: l
e se , lanlt .

fl eiben em b ar k , einltei gett, l ( in

. st .
, .
,
a ce ) .

dr em pe or r fi ailet , m —B
in k (f p pl e) , trinfen, st
(f
'

o eo .
; o , .
,

bea sts ) laulen , ,

st . em pi r e , Si ai let reid)
dri v e tr fubren ,
.
, ,
st .
; treiben ,
st .
; the Ge man r
awa y forttrei ben
, , st .

(i n Eli eid) .

a v eh i cl e ) , i n tr .
, fb u ren, s t .
, l .
, l) . en d (Suite,
, n .
,
—6 —n ; ,
set o n

r ve r —5
d i , Rutld nr, m .
, , l
au red) t ltell en .

d r o wn ertt infcn, en em y fieinb —e6 —e

( be d r o w n ed ) , ,
m .
,
~

, .

st l .
,
. E ng l an d , (Si ngl anb, n .
,
—6 .

d u ke g ergog m —t é —, e a nd ,
.
, ,
a
t . E n gl i sh , engl i ld) ; l an
g u a ge,
d u rin g mdbrenb ( g en ) ,
.
Gngli ld) , n .
; in au l Gugl i ld) ;
d u ty ‘Bll i d fi f - en
, ,
.
, . i nto ind Gngl i lcbe; th e bie
(Engl anber .

E n gli shm a n , Gugl anber, m .

,
—6 ,

j
en o y o n e s s e
’
lf , B er gungen
‘
baben ,

ea ch ,ieber ; o t he r einanbet i r r ; (i n c o n v er s a ti o n ) , un=

li d)
‘
.
,

ear S br
,
—e6 —en ; b o x o n the , , terba l ten, s t , i ns ep
’
. .

Dbt feige f — n ,
.
, . en du gh , genug .

ear ly fril l) t r ei ntr et en l l)

, . en e , ,
st .
, . a nd .
(in ,

ea m b erbi enett bineingeben

, .
,
si .
, l .
( in ,

e arth , t e, f —n
.
, ; on

t en . en ti r e gang , .

e ar th qu ak e , (Erbbebeu, n 4 3, en tir e ly gang gangl i d) b oll ltanbi

.
, , g , , .

ea s t , Q lten, m .
,
—6 a nd on e n tr u s t anb ertt auen , .

( i n , to ) the i m D lten, o ltli cl) . er r an d b o y Qaulbut lm

-
e m , ,
.
,

Ea st er , D ltern, pl ; at um ( ) —n
311 .

D ltern . e sca pe , entfommen, s t .

, l .
; entl au

t
ea s ern bltl id) .
fen ,
st .
, l .

eas y , l ei d) t . e spec ia l ly , belonbet é .

t r lm (unb lo
'
ea t (of peo pl e) , e eu, ll st .
; ( of e tc .
(e t ce e a ) , te , . u .

bea s ts ) , frellen ,
st . meiter) .

Ed w ar d , Q buarb, m .
,
—8 . Eu rope , (Eur opa, n .
,
—6 .
 3 r8 EN G LI S H —GER MAN VOCA BU L A RY .

Eu r o pean , ad
j .
, europat ld) . fam i ne, u
e .

e v en ,
a dv .
, aud) , logar ; i f, menn fa m o u s , berfi bmt .

i d) t mal mei t ;
‘

aud) ; n o t a ein . f ar , as a s, bié uud) ; bié

v
e enin g, fil benb, m , .
—es3 —e; ,
in gu .

th e bee fll benbé , a benbé ; thi s f a r m er (p ea s a n t ) ,

E
Bauet , m .
,
—3
—n —
beute ubenb . a nd It , .

e e v r
( a t a ny ti me) ie iemal é ; ( a l , ,
fa s t (q ui c k) ldmell , .

w a ys ) i mmer li et e , , . t r SBatet m —6
fa h e , , , ,

e very iebet ; —bo dy ,

o ne
iebet , , ,
fea r ,

iebermaun ; t hi ng all es ; -
, Feb rua ry gebt uar m , ,
.

w he re ,
il bera l l
’
. f ee l lubl eu empfinben st
, , ,
.

e vil ,
bble . fe ll fall en
, .

exa m i n a ti on , Gramen, n .
,
f ell o w ; t h a t bet d em n t ,
o s r .

$ l t it uug,
‘

f .
,
—eu . f e ll ow tra v e ll e r mi tt eilenb( er)
E
-
,

exc e llen t , b ortt elll id) . ad

j s u bst . .

E xch an ge ( b ui l di ng ) , $ ot c, l f .

,
f ew ( a ) einigc ; luettige; , t in paat
( i nd ecl ) .

ri fi el d igel b n —
'

exc u s on , fll ué ll ug, m 6, ee - et
’

,
4 e
e; , ,
.
, , .

m a ke (go on ) an i
e nen fi f ty l il nfaig
, .

fll ué ll ug mad) en .
fi l l fall en ; erlull en
, .

e xc u se, d ntld ml bigung, f .

,
~
en . fi na lly , enbli d) .

excu se , eutld m l bigen . fi nd , liuben ,

st .

r i — fi ne ld) 0 n ; ( d el i c a te)
(ta s k) QIulgabe f rl ; do ( bea u tif ul )
‘

e xe c se , ,
.
, , ,

an e nei il ulgabe mad) en .

lei u .

expec t , et luarten . i
fi n sh , beeubigeu ; ( c o m pl ete) , b oll
expen s ive , foltlpi el i g .
'
e nben, i n s ep ; . to ha ve —c d ,

e xpe r en c e i ; t a rung, b f .
,
-
eu .
fert ig leiu (mi t d o t ) ,
.

e xp ess r t ra in , © d) ttell 3ug, m .

,
—eé ,
fi re geuer n
, ,
.
,

M
e . fi r st a dj , et lt; a d v erlt guerlt;
,
.
, ,

t l pf eilen st
ex o , ,
. i n the p l a c e et ltené , .

ex tr em e ly aulgerlt bod) lt , , . fi sh gi ld) m —

, e6 — e ,
.
, , .

fi sh b een ; go — i ng fitcben geben

. , .

st l.
, .

fi ve lunl
, .

fl a tte r ld) mei d) eln,

fa c e , (b eli d fi, —er ; ( of a n . es, fl e e fl i ehen s t l l)

, ,
.
, .
, .

ti m e-pi ec e) S tllerbl att n —e6 , ,

.
, ,
fl i n g ld mei lzen s t
, ,
.

A
er . fl o o r fib obeu m —8 w {l ulgbobem
, ,
.
,

fa ll fall en
, ,
si .
, l .
; ill , frauf met : fl ow fl i elgert: st l l)
,
.
, .
, .

ben, st
.
, l . fl ow e r ib l ume f ,
—u; b e i n ,
.
,

fa ll gull
, ,
m .
,
—e6 ,
4
8 . bl ii ben .
320 ENGL I S H —G ER MA N V OCA BU L ARY .

i n to int ib eutld n; the go l d p i ec e

-
, ©0 l bltud , n .
,
—
e€ —e , .

bet fDeutlcbe go o d , gut, bell er , belt ; ( w ell -be

—
.

Germ an y , iDeutld flanb, n 6 h av ed ) , a rt ig

—
.
, . .

g et ( r ec ei v e ) , bel ommen, st.

; er= g r a i n © etr ei,be n 6 ,
.
, .

bol en ; ( be gr a n dpar en t s G i rolgel tern pl

‘

b al t en, si .
; (f etc h ) , , ,
.

co me ) merben, s t l; i n (t o a g ra n t geben t s

—
. . .
, , , ,

v e h i c l e ) einlteigen , ,
st .
,
l ;
.
g r a s s (Si m s ,
n eé er ,
.
, ,
l e
.

o ut
(o f a ve h i c le ) aué ltei gen ; g r a t efu l banfbat
'

, , .

u p , au fltebcn, st .
, l ;. we ll , gr ea t gr aig et gt blgt; a
, d ea l
,
n
,

genelen, si .
, l .
; r id o f, [0 6 ( f) lebr b i el ; a
o , m a n y lebt ,

merben, st .
, l . b i el e .

gi r l Smabd nn n —6
, ,
.
, , gr een gr un , .

g iv e geben t ;,
as ,
s . a p re sen t , g r ee t begt ii lgen
, .

ld) enfen , ( a ti tl e, b er: gri n d ld) l ei len st

, ,
.

l ei ben, st .
; hee d , ud) tgeben, grind st o n e © d) l eilltein , ,
m .
,

st .
( to , aul,
—e .

gl a d , frat) ; I a m eé lreut mi d) ; gr o un d (so i l ea rth) SBoben m , , ,

.
,

—6 (St be
id) lreue mid) (g en of thi ng ) . .
; f ,
.

g l a d ly g er n ()
e li ebe
,
r am li eb= , , gr ow marblen st , l; d a rk ,
.
, .
,

li en . bunfel merben s t l ,
.
, .

g l a ss (Si l as ,
n —c3 “
er ,
.
, , .
g u ar d ( m i l ) i b ud f
e —n , ,
.
, .

g l o v e sj a n b l m)
d ,
l m —t é —6 ,
.
, , .
guess , i ntr . t a en, s t ; trt . . e rr at en .

go ( w a l k) , geben, st .
, l .
; (f o or in g ues t , ©alt, m 4 8, “
e .

a v e h i cl e ) fubren, ,
st l ; (tr a v el )
.
,

t ei trl ( d e pa rt o n a j o u r n ey )
l
‘

; ,

abt ei len l ; ( m ov e) stehen st

‘

.
, .
, , ,

a s tr a y li d) b eri t t en ; b e
l ;
—
.
,

—
i ng to , woll en, i rr ; i m 53 65 h a bi t (b emobnbei t, f en
—
. . .
, ,

gri ll e l em ,
i rr .
, l .
; fo r a w a k, l h ai r
, Spaar , n , ee, .
-
e .

lpagiet en geben, st .
, l . e nen i h a lf , a d j , l) alb ; th e .
bi e éj al lte;
® pa5i ergang mad) en ; fo r a an ho u r ei ne l) al be © tunbe;
,

s l e i h - d riv e , cine Cf
5 d) l i ttenlal) rt -
pas t te n , bal b el f; o n e a nd a
g
mad) en ; d o w n binabfabt en, , anbert al b b .

st .
, l .
; in, bineingeben ; o n, ha l l , © aal , m .

,
—eé , (ab at e .

mei tergeben ; o u t, ausge en, h h al t ,

bal ten st ,
.

binaué geben ; s h o pp n g , i Gi n : h and ijj anb f , .

,
.
,
«
e; (of a ti me
f aule m
a d) n e , einl au en f .
pi ece) Sei ger , , ,
m .
,
-G
,
l o ng
go d ,(S oft , m —eé .
, ,
u
et . m i n ut e minutenaeiger ;
E
Go d ©Dtt m — , e6 ,
.
, . s ho rt ho u r ® funben
go ld n o u n ®ol b, n
, ,
.
, 4 6 .
gei ger ; s ec o n d © efunben
go l d (en ) , ad j .
, golben .
gei ger .
 EN GL I S H—GE R MA N V OCA BU L A RY .
321

h a nd ( pa ss ) ,
r ei d) en ; o ve r , h er, pers .
pro n .
, li e i br
fi berl a ll en i n s ep
’
,
st .
,
.

r ch i ef ntud) , n —e6 h er, pas s a d j , i br

ha nd ke , I a dnl .
, ,
. . .

M
et . h er e (i n thi s pl a ce) , bi er ; (to th i s
h an d som e , ld) on .
pl a ce) ber, hi er her , .

h an g, i ntr bangen h er o i c bel benmittig

‘

.
, ,
st .
, .

h a ppen , geld) el) en, si .

, l . h er o i sm S j el benrnut, m , . .
,
—ee .

h appy , gltl d li d) . he rs i hr er ;
, ber ( bi e, baa) i hr ( i g) e .

h ar d , b ut t, u
et ; ( difi c ul t ) ld) tuer
, . i
h d e , b erbergen, t ; b et lted en s .
.

b arr ow , Ggge, f .
,
—n . h i gh bod) bbber bfidi lt
, , ,

t
h a s en , e l en, i l .
; li d) beei l en . hi gh s ch oo l (b bmnali um
- —6 , , ,

—e§ (Sl bmnali en

ht fput, m “
a ,
.
, , e . .
w

ve baben h ill SBer g, m —e5 —e

ha , ,
i rr ; .
l ein, i rr .
, l .
; ,
.
, , ; ©ugel , m .
,

to , mil llen i r r ,
.
; a co ld , er —e ,

fal t et lein ; a i n d to Sti lt

m ,
h im , i l) n ibm
baben 311 ; to ( a t h i ng ) m a d e ,
him self , r efl .
, li d) (lelblt) ; ( he )
mad) en l allen .
( er) lel blt lel ber , .

H a v el Sj ab el , f ,
. hin d er , net binbern .

h ay , speu, n .
,
—e6 . h is , po ss . ad lei n
j .
, .

he , er ; bet lel be; t ha t man e tc .

,
hi s po ss
,
.
pr o n lei ner ; ber ( bi e .
, ,

bet ,
w ho , met ; beruenige) baa) lein (ig) e .

meId) er . ho a rse , beilet

‘

h ea d fi opl m —té “
i mam n h o i st ( il lbill en
'

, ,
.
, ,
e; ,
.
,
a sa , etc au .

—e8 “
er . ho le 8 od) ,
n —e8 “
er
, , , .

h ea d ach e , ti oplwel) n
‘
—
8 ; Raul ,
.
,
: h o l i d a ys ( v a c a ti o n ) get ien pl
, ,
.

ld mtet g ,
m , - ee, —eu ( u s u a l l y
. hom e ,
a dv nad) ©aule; at 3a
pl ) . Spaitle .

h ea dm a s t e r R
S eftor m —8 di et , ,
.
, ,
: h o n es t ebrlid) , .

“
tat en ; D i rel tor, m —5 © i t ef= h on o u r C Sbre —n
,
.
, , , f .
, .

to t en ’
. h o n o u r ebt en , ,
b erebt en .

h ea lt h ©elunbbci t f , ,
. h ope , spofl nung, f .
,
—eu .

h ea r bbren h o pe , b ll it is to b e — d ,
‘

, . o en ; bol
h ea rt ( b y) aué menbig , .
lentl i d) .

h ea ven spi mmel m —6 , ,

.
, , h o rro r , (Sntletsen, n .
,
—5 .

h ea vy ld)met ,
‘
. h o rse , —e6
,
—e .

h eed ( to g iv e ) ud) tgeben , , st .

( to , h o spita l , .
palpi tai ® pit a
‘
,
’
l, n .
,
4 6 .

au l ,
s
et .

l
h e p, spi l le f . h ot, bei lg .

l
h e p, he fen, s t l . h o t e l , (B
i altbal, m -e
6, 4
c
—
.
,

h en ce ( ther ef or e) , al lo, babet . h ou r

g tunbe, f , .
, n;
H e n r y, Spei l l t id) , m , —8
‘

. . ® tunben3eiger, m .
,
—6 ,
32z EN G LI SH - GE R M AN V O CA BU L A RY .

h o use , fi aue, n —
e6 n
et ; at th e ind us tr i ou s , fl eil3ig
—
.
, , .

o f, bei ( d a t of . to th e in h ab it an t , (Sinmobnet ,
m .
, 6 ,

ink , I inte, —n
o f,
3a f .
, .

h ow , mi e; lo ng ? leit rman? ; i nn o cen ce ll nld ml b f , ,

.

« w
a re yo u ? d o yo u d o ? i nn o cen t (o f) unlcbulbig ,

mi e gebt ee S h uen? mi e befinben in sec t S nle ft n —ee —en

,
’
,
.
, , .

©i e li d) ? i n si s t (o n ) belteben st ( aul , ,
.
,

h o w ev er , abet ,
j ehad) .

h um an , menldflid) ; li fe , E
ll ten in stea d of anltatt (g en ) ,
.

—6 i ng in t e lli gen t flug

ld) enl eben, n be et n

—
. .
, , , , ,

ill i enld) , m .
,
eu —en , . in ten d woll en i rr ; beabli cbtigen;
, ,
.

h und r ed , nou n, j unbert,

S n —ee gebenfen, i r r
—
. . .
, ,

«
e . in t en ti on , QIbl i d fi, f .
, en .

h un gry , hungri g; b e punget ter estin g intet ella nt ’

‘
. in , .

baben , hungri g lei n ,

i rr .
, l . i n t o in,

h urt , fuel) tun, i r r .

(d at ) in v en t erlinben t , ,
s .

husb an d , wi ana m in vit e ( ein) l aben st

—
n —
. .
, , , ,

©att e, m .
, n , . i r on (Si len n
, 6 ,
.
,
-
.

i slan d S ulel f —n , ,
.
, .

it ee er ibn li e; bet ( bie

, , , , ,
has) ; bet
( bi e baé ) lel be , .

I t a li an a d j i tal i enild) ,
.
, .

1 per s pr o n , id)
,
. .
. I t aly S tal i en n —
,
6 ,
.
, .

i ce , d i e, n , —e6 . . i ts pa s s a d j lein ; i bt
,
. .

i f, menn ; ( w hether ) , oh; e v en i ts pa s s pro n l ei ner ; i hr er ; bet

,
. .
,

menn aud) .
(bi e has) lein (ig) e i hr ( i g) e
, , .

il l , franf, n
et . itself r efl li d) (lelblt) (em phati c )
,
.
, ,

ill n ess fi ranfbeit f —eu

,
.
, .
lel blt lelbet , .

i m peri al c ity ?Retcbé ltabt f , ,

.
,
a
e.

i m portan t mid fiig , .

i m po ss i b l e unmbgl i d) .

in , pr ep .
, tn (d o t . or a dv .
,

h erein, binein ; the co un tr y , J m es S atob, m

a ,
.
,
—5 ,

f bent Qanbe; c o m e
au her ei n ! J an ua ry S anuar m , ,
.

in ch 3 0 a m —ee — e 1 0 1111 S b
o a nn m — é
’

j ou rn ey Eli eile f —
. . .
, , , , , ,

in clud e einld) l i el3en s t

, ,
. n , ,
.
, .

i nd eed in be
t I iaroobl J u ly S u l i m
’
, yes nt; .
, ,
.

I nd i an co n , r Maia, m .
,
—te . j um p luringen st l l)
, ,
.
, .
, .

In di an m ea l , Wi ai emebl ,
n .
,
—63 .
J UD E S it ni m
'
, ,
.

i n di gn an t entril ltet ( a t fi ber

, , ,
j u st ,
adv .
, nut ( w i th
in d ispensa b l e unentbebt l id) , . n o w , e en, b loeben .
3 24 EN GLI S H—
GE R MAN V OC A BU LA RY .

l i on , Some, m .
,
—n —n , . m a n ( a d u l t m a l e) EUl ann, m 4 6, ,
.
,

li st en gubbren et ; ( h u m a n bei ng ) , m
n
i enld) , m ,
—eu, —
, .

li ttl e ( f si z e) fl ei n ; ( f qu a nti ty )
o ,
o , en; th e w h o , ber (ienige)
weni g . + rel .

live l eben ; (resi d e d w el l ) mobnen

, , , . lli enld) , m , —
m an kin d E en, — en, .
.

l o af SBt nt n —e6 —e
, ,
.
, , . m ann er (w a y ) fl i ei le; i n t h i s ,

l o ck ld) li el3en st
, ,
.
au l bi ele SlBei le .

l ong l ang( e) (e) t ; a

, ti m ,
u
e, m an -serv an t ( hi r ed-m a n ) Si ned n, ,

l ange; n o — e ni d) t mehr ; a s r, m .
,
—e6 —e , .

a s, lo l ange; ha n d ( of ti m e m an y , il
b e e, mand) e; a, man
pi ece) ber gr ol3e 3 ei ger , Sil l ia n
, t h i n gs , bi el eb ; a g rea t
ten ei er m , —6g g ho w ,
.
, l el) r b i el e .

l ite tuann? m ap Sl anbfarte, f

,
.
,
-
n .

l o o k, bl i d en, ld) auen ; a t, an: Ma rch , mer, ,

m .

lb e en, s t ; . fo r ( s ea r c h ) l , ud) en . m ark ( = a bo u t 24 c en ts lli ot t,

) E ,

l oosen , l od et n .

l ose , b erl i eren, s t ; .

( be d epr i v ed of) ,
m a r ke t Ell tat ft, m , — e8 ,, e .
u
.

fonnnen um, st .
, l . m ar ry , tr , heir at en ; li d) b et beit aten
.

o ne s
’
li fe , umfomnt en, umé mi t .

Seben fommen . Mar y E litari e f —

né , ,
.
, .

l oud l aut , . m a st er éj et t m —n —en ; , ,

.
, ,

lo ve l i eben ; l i eb baben
, ,
i rr . m ad ) tig
l uck, (Shi rt, n .
,
—ee . m a t eri a l , S cug, n .
,
—ee; ® toll ,
m .
,

—e6 —e , .

m a tt er , © ac e, h f .
,
—n : _
w ha t is
th e w it h yo u ? was fehlt
S huen?
M ie ur fmrr,
S m m ay bii rlen i rr ; ntbgen, i rr
'

.
(m o ns , . .
, , ,
. .

n . Ma y ill i ai m , ,
.

m a am m a d am gnabi ge gr an
’
, , . m e mi d)
,
mit
m ach in e Wald fine, f , — n ,
. . m ean (i nte n d ) , woll en, i rr ; ge .

m ai d ( s er v a nt) , zmagb, f , ‘
. e; bea ten, i r r ; ( s i g n if y) , mei nen, .

9Jtabd) en, n -
6, Q i enlt bebeuten
m ean s , <ill i i ttel , n , —
. .
,

m ii bd xn . 6, .

m a in s reet t pauptltt alge

, .
, f .
,
—n . m eanw h ile inbellen, untet bellen ,
.

Maj es ty E ll i aieltat f -en ; H is

, ,
.
,
m ea t gl ei ld) , m , —
,
ee . .

© eine ( a bbr Q e ) Waieltat m ed i c in e ( s c i e n c e o f) l

fil i ebtgt n,
’
’

—
. .

m ak e mad) en ; ( a ppo i nt) et nen

, , f .
; ( phy si c ) , il t genet, f .
, en ,

n en ( al e o r gu) ; a pp li c a ti o n , l li ebi gin, f

E .

li d) mel ben ; u p o ne s m i n d
’
,
m ee t ( of peo pl e g o i n g i n o ppos i te
li d) ent d fli e gen, s t
l l . d i r ecti o n s) , begegnen, l .
 E N GL I S H —GER M AN V OCA BU L A RY 3 25

( c ha nce u p on ) , tt ell en, an: Mo n d a y Smontag , ,

m .
,
—
e —
e , .

treffen st m on ey , ©elb, n , 4 6, —et ; p i e c e o f

©elbltii d , n , —
. .
,

m e lt tr l bmel gtn, st i ntr ee, —e; s u m

’
,
.
, c .
; .
, .

lcl) tn el 5en st l ,
.
, . of (Si elblunt me, f , —n .
.

m em ory (f a cu l ty of ) (b ebti d finié , ,

m on th E ll i o nat, m , —e6, —
’
, e; w h a t .

—e€ ; m em o r i a l ) QInbenfen day of the is it ? bet wi evi elte

n .
, ( , ,

—s i n
n ; o f, gum i inbenfen i li b t eu e?
—
.
,

an m onum en t , fDenfmal n —e§ ,

e
m er chan t , Q aulmann, m .
,
a nd g
et .

l t
- e
u e. m o re mehr ; , of the sa m e ki n d ,

m e tre E l
li t
e et m
,
r n —6 ,
. o .
, , bergl eicben inebr ; o nce nod)

m i dd l e EDi i tte f , ,
. ei nm
’
al y a nd ( uud) ) i nt :

m i dni gh t m
g

met ;
—)
i i tternad nf e , ,
.
,
u
. o ne nod) ei n ( L et
,
v
-
e,

m i lk Wi l d) f
, ,
. ee no t an
y ni d) t ni
ght .

m i lk mel l en w k o t
, ,
. r s . m o reo ver bud) ; aulgerbetn , .

m ind ( to h a ve a ) Quli baben , ,

i rr ; . m ornin g E ll i orgen, m —e; i n the
,
.
,

co me to ein all en, l st .

, l . bee Smorgené , mar gene; t h i s
m a ke u p o ne s li d) beut e mor gen
’
.

ent c l te en, lb fi st .
; t t
s a e of m o s t a d j mei li
,
.
, .

@ ti mtnung f ,
.
,
—eu . m o st a d v , i ul3et lt, bbd) lt, lebr ; .
,

m in dfu l , eingebenf ( o f, ge n ) ; be —l y , mei lt( ene) ; at l) bd)

gebenfen, i r r , g
en ) .
(o f ltene .

min e , meiner , ber ( bie, baa) mei m o ther , Wiutter , f .

,
d ea r ,
n( i g) e; a f ri e n d of ein SUtii tterr
b , , 6
en n — . .

{greunb non mit ei ner b an mei ,

: m oun t , tr , belteigen, s t . .

nen greunben . m ourn , tr , betr auer n ; i ntr . .

, trau
mini s t er ( pol i t ) Sill ini lter m ,
’
,
.
, et n .

—6 , p ri m e er li tt Wi tni m ove ,
tr li d) be
.
, bewegen; i n tr .
,

lter . megen; gi eben st l ; ( fr o m ,

.
, .

m inu t e SD ti nute, f — ,
n .
, . o ne ho u s e to a n o t h e r ) um ,

m in ut e-h an d E ll i inutengeiget , m ,
.
, gi eben s t l ,
.
, .

_
5’ Mr spa r m —
.
, n —en ,
.
, .

m i sfo rtune ll ngl itd , n , —

,

té ,
'

. . Mrs ,
—eu .

Mi ss fi t aul ein, n -5 ,
, ( a bbr .
,
. m uc h vi el ; v e ry, lebl
’

3d ) m u ltitu d e Sfi enge f — n
m u seum sl l iuleutn n —
. .
, , , .

m i ss ing ( b e ) febl en , .
,6 93h! ,
.
, ,

m i s ta ke l ebl et , m —8 leen
”
.

, , , .

m i st aken ( to b e ) li d) irr en , . m ust mullen i r r

, , .

m i xed tr a i n ‘Berlonengug m — e6, , ,

.
,
my , rnein .

“
e . m yself , fl mid) mit (lel blt) ; ( I )
re , ,

m o l as se s Q it up m , ,
.
,
-
s .
( ich) lel blt lelbet , .
3 26 EN GL I S H —G ER MAN V O CA BU LA RY .

n ob e , l ebel
—
.

n o i se , e m, m .
, e6 .

na m e , ll ume,
E m .
,
—né —n ; w h a t ,
n on e , fei ner .

is t hi s ma n
’
s mi e hei lgt bie : no rth mot ben , ,
m .
,
-
s a nd th e

let Slltann? ; h is i s Sc h afe r , er S e a , bi e S

l i orblee, baa © eutlcbe

bei lzt @ d) i let ; b y namens Sll l eer

—d
. .

nam e, nennen, i rr ; .
, namens . n o rth ern , norbl i d) .

r
na tu al , natfi rl i d) . n o t, ni d) t ; a, a ny, fein ( et ) ;
n ear , ad j .
,
u
( e) t , nad) lt ye t, nod) a d) t; i a t a l l, got
nid) i ; i s , e tc , it . n i d) i mobt ?
n ear, prep .
, bei neben (d a t . no thi ng nid) te; at a ll gar nid) te
, , .

n o v el m ama n m —e — e
’
or ,
g ,
.
, , .

n ear ly , bei nahe, falt . No v em b er Sli ob etnbet m , ,

.

n ec essary, nbtig . n ow j est , .

n eed , br and) en . n ow a d a ys beutgutage , .

n eg e c l t , b ernacbl alli gen, b er aumen l . n um b e r ( fi g u ) Bi ll et f — n; re , ,

.
,

nei gh b o u r mud) bar

, ,
m .
,
—6 —n ; , B a bl , f
( i n a street)
.
,
—en ; ,

m ud) bat in, f .

,
—nen . ill umrner il l umet o ( a bbr E ll a ) ;
,
.

n ei ther , weber ; n o r, weber ( q u a nti ty ) Qingabl f ; E ll i enge, f , ,

. .

nod) ; am ( ha ve ,
do ) I, n u t m eg W tuetatnulg, f
, t .
,
a
.

i d) and) a i d) t .

v
n e er , ni e, ni emalé ; ye t, nod)
ni e(tnal e) .

v th eless
n e er , bod) , bennod) , ni d) té

beltomeniget . 0 ! o h ! 0 ! ad) ye s , j amobl , bod) .

new , neu . oa s, t Spuler , m .

,
-
6 .

n ew s , m ad) t id n
, f
.
,
—en .
gebarcben
o b ey ,

n ew spape r Bei tung

, , f .
,
—en . li
o b ge ( pu t u n d er o bl i g a ti o n ) , b et
n ext , n ad) t, lol genb ; i n
l th e binben, (f o r ce) groingen s t ;
st .
; , ,
.

p l a ce , gundd) lt bann , . to be —d (c o m pe ll ed ) mii llen , ,

Nia ga r a Fa ll s bi e il i iagara igal l e i rr ; to be —

'

,
s
. . d ( u n d er a n o bl i g a
n i ce nett
, . ti o n) vet bnnben lei n
, .

Nich o l as Si i fol aue m o b serv e ( m a r k c l o s el y) beo bad)

’
.
, , , ,

n i gh t m ad) t f
, e; b y bei ( i n , ,
ar
ten ; ( r em a r k) bemet fen , .

bet ) m ad) t bee m ad) te nad) t6 , ,

. o c c a s i o n (b el egenbei t f ,
—en ,
.
, .

No ( n u m b e r ) fli t) (ill umero)

.
, . . o cc a s i (
o n c a u s e) b eru rlatben
’
, .

no a dj
, fei n ; — b o d y
.
,
o n e ni e , ,
o c c ur r en ce S Begebenbei t, f — en ,
.
, .

manb fcinet ; ,
lo nge r ni d) i ,
’
l
o c ock, li br ; te n gebn ll bt
'

mebr ; d o u b t mobl , . O c t ob er t ober , ,

m .

n o a dv
, nei n ; . t h a n k yo u id)
, ,
o f, pr ep ( A pp B, . . non
bante . c o u se , natti rl r id) .
 EN G L I S H —
G ER MA N V O CA BU L A RY .

pa s t , p p (f re . o ti m e) , nod) pi n ,
g ted nabel , f
‘
.
,
-
n .

a qua rt e r te n , ( ein) fii i ertel pin ch , fneifen, s t .

au l el l ; ha f l te n , bal l) el l .
pit y ( it i s a ) , eé i it {d) abe .

pas t , a dv b orbei , b orii bet pit y, bebauern

—
. . .
,

t r QBei be, f —n pl a c p gl u m té e; ( s i tu a “
pa s u e , .
, e , ,
.
, ,

pa t, fl oplen ti n ) 6 t ell e f —
o n ; © tefi ung f
— — —
. .
, , , ,
.
,

pa ti en t B ,
‘ ati e’ nt
,
m .
, eu en ; , m ; t a ke ftattfi nben i ; i n ,
s .

—nen fi r s t ( se o n d
; li t anfl et ) ,
‘ ati entin th e
B , f .
, e tc ) c ,
.

a dj . s u bst ftené (amei tené

er

pa ttern , Sil i ultet , n —s , pl an t pfiangen ,

.

pay, gabl en ( d a t .
f
o begabl en pl a y fpi el en
, .

( a ce f pers o r d o t. o .
,
. o f per s .
pl ea san t angenehm , .

a n d a ce o
f thi n g ) ; . v s i i ts , pl ease v b gefall en st ,
.
, ,
.

SBelud e mad en .
pl ease ! ( i f yo u ) ( i ch) , bi tt e; ge s

Pea (M in t fdfligft ( a d v )
—
. ,

pe ar fi
B i t ne f n pl ea su r e, fil ergnugen, n
—
. .
, , ,

pe ar -
r ee , t Sb irnbaum, m .
, eé ,
r
e .
pl e a s u r e -tri
p, HSergnii gungé reiieJ ,

peasan t fili auet m —n or —6 —n , ,

.
, , .
—
n .

ped es tri a n $ l3g g r

u i n e m —s , ,
.
, , pl ou gh , p ugen .

pen {§eber f
, ,
.
, p m , 92m ( Wacbmi ttagé ) ;
. . . abenbé .

pen c il ( l ea d §
B l l
l e i t i t m —e5 — e ,
.
, , .
po c k e t , I afb , f , n
t e - . .

eo
p p l e Q eu te p l, ; ( n ti o n ) §Bol f ,
. a , , pocket, in bie I i fi ftecl en; eiu
a c e :

n —e6 “
er ftecfen
—6 —e
. . .
, ,

pe op e , l p i nd ef . ro n .
, man .
po em, Gj ebi cbt, e , .

perh aps b i ell ei d t

’
, .
po e t , Di cffl er, m
S .
,
—6 ,

peri sh uml ommen, ,

st .
, l .
po i n t; on th e o f, i m S’Begri fie .

P ersi an , ad
j perli ld) po lit e bii fiid)
—6 — —
. .
, ,

pfenn i g,
’ ‘ enni
Bl g m e pon d , I ei d) , m —eé e
—
.
,
. .
, , , ,
.

ph ysi c i an , fi r st , m e6 r arm er
“
.
, e , .
poo , ,
A
.

Ph ysips . pos i t i o n @ teIIung f b e in

-
en; a

— —
, .
, ,

pian o , Si l ab i e r, n , e; p l y (to ) imitanbe iein i rr f

’
es, a

—
.
, .
, ,
.

the itl ab i et lpi el en . .

po sse ssi o n Q i gentum,
n , e8 , ,
.
“
at ;

pi ck , pll ud en ; o ut, aue u l d en ; —s Si abe f , ,

.

u p, au fh eben, st po ss i b i l ity sDQiii cbfeit f - m

— —
. . .
, .
, ,

pic ture, SBilb, n , eé , er po ss i b l e mfigl id)

—
. . .
,

pi c tu r e - a ll er
g y , §Bil bet gal et i e, f .
, po stman ,
fl o
B itbote, m .
,
-n
, n;
-
n;©emii l begal eri e fiBri eftr ager , m
—
. .
,

pi e c e ® tii,d ,
n ee, .
, t t
po a o , Rat tofiel , f .
-n .

m o n ey , ©el bltll d ; to po un dBf

,
‘ unb, - té
,
-e
.

grad pour gi efzen st

—
. .
, ,

pi l o t, Earl ,
e m -
n, n .
, .
pow er SUIacbt f , ,
.
,
“
e.
 EN G LI S H G E RM A N - V O CA BU L A RY
329

prai se Ioben , .
pu l B m —té —e
se ,
‘ ul é
,
.
, , .

pr a y ( s a y bet en ; ( r e l t —
'

pra y a er ) , pu s e b ea B fb g
‘ ul-
é c l a m eé , ,
.
, ,
“
e.

qu t) bi tt en
es , .
pun c tual pfi nftli d) , .

pref e r b orgi ebe u , ,

st .
; l i eber ( am puni sh , ftrafen, beftrafen .

Ii ebften) baben 2c . u i
p p ,l g d i
fi ,l er m ,
—6,
—nen
.
g e m
pr epare ber eit en, Ier m,
'

, b orbereiten, f .
, .

- a
( fie d, l heftcfi en pur cha se , (S infauf, m .
,
—sé ,
“
6 .

mt
.

p r es e n t (gif t) (fil a , en , n .
, pur c h a se faufel t , .

-e .
pu sr
e ,
‘
ortemonnaie, n B .
,
—5 —c3 , .

pr ese n t , ad j .
, gegenmartig (of ti m e put ( s et u pr i g ht) , ftel l en, fegen ;
a nd pl a ce) ; gugcgen ( a d v , of .
(l a y ) , Iegen ; ( i n s ert) , fted en ;
pl a ce o nl ) ; iet
y éi g ( a dj , of ti m e on (a coa t , angi e en,b xl .

;
o nl y ) . on (a h a t, aufiet
sen .

presen t ( m a ke a pr es e nt of ) fcf) en ,

fen .

pr es i d en t B i ibe nt m —en — cn,

‘ rd ’
,
.
, , .

pr ess fo rw ar d ii d) b orbr angen , .

pr et en d ( sse t) woll en a r , .
qua rte r QSierteI n —8 , a ,
.
,

pr etty which , .
pa s t 1 (eiu) fiBtertel (auf) 1 1 ;
0 ,

pr ev ai l berrfcben , . a to 1 br ei QSi erteI ( nut) 1 0 ; 0 ,

pr ev en t b erbinbem , . of a t e p o o SZSiert tee as n, s

—s
pri m e m ini s te r er fter E Dtini fter l offel, m
’
of
-8
, ,
.
, , 3 an

m —5 ho u r, 3 QSi erteIftunben
—
. .
, ,

prin c e ( r ul er or ti tl e) , gur ft ,
m .
, qu een , fi onigin, f .
, nen .

—en —en ; (ti tl e of

,
c o u rtes y ) , qu i c k , [d)nell .

‘
ri
B g n m —en —en ,
.
, , .
qu it e, gang .

pri son er , ad j . s u bs t.

p riz e ‘ reié m
B ,
— eé —
e ,
.
, ,
.

pr ofess i on ( l l i n g ) SBeruf m ca

— ee —
, ,
.
,

e ra ge muten
—
. .
, ,

p r o f e sso r ‘ ro e or m
B ffi 8 ‘ ro
B , ,
.
, ,
rai n magen
, ,
m .
,
-6
.

feffo r en
’
ra in , regnen
’

. .

pr om i se , eb b erfprecben, st
(d ot r a i se er beben st
r a isin mafine f —
. .
,
.
,
, ,

f
o , n ,
.
, .

pr om on t o ry ,
S
Borgebirge, n .
,
~
é, ra th er ( p f en ce) l i eber ; re er , (o n
the co ntr a r y ) , b i el mebr ; (tol er
pr o v e, bemei fen, s t a bl y ) aieml id) ; a l o ng j o u r
—
.
,

pr o v erb , © pricbmort, e6 i Reife

Itingere S
“ n e y, e ne
n er
—
. .
, , .

Pru ss i a , B fi
‘ reu en n e r ea d Iefen st ; a l o u d b orIefen

r ea d in g (the ct f) fiefen n —
.
,
.
, , ,
. .
,

pu d d in g,
‘ ubbtn
B g ,
m .
—6 —6; ,
In 8 a o , ,
.
, .

d i an m ea l Wtatépubbing . r ea d y ferti g ber ei t

, , .
330 E NGL I S H —
GERM A N V O C A BU L A RY .

real , eigen tli ch mirfl icl) r es t ( r epo s e) mube f

—
.
, , ,

r eas on , © ru nb m eé ,
.
, ,
“
e; up r est , t ubelt ; auéruben ; ta k e a

l adl e!
f '
,
“
n '
ii d) aué ru en b .

r ec e ive ( of th i ng s ) , befommen, st .
; r esta ur an t meltauration f —m , ,
.
, .

er al ten, s t ;
b .

(of pers . or thi n g s ) , r et a in behal t en st , ,

.

emp angm, s t f . r e tir e ii d) gurii cfgicben t ;

, ,
s .

r ec i te b ortragen t
, ,
s . r s t li d) gut: Sl umbcgcben t
e , , s .

r ec ogni z e ( kn w ) erl enncn o , ,

1 rr
'

. r e tu rn surfi d febrcn l , k .

r ecomm end empfehl en t s .

(d a t . r evo lver fReb ol b er m 6 -

r ew ard Sohn m —
, , , ,
.
, ,

o
f té , ,
.
, .

recomm en d a ti on , Q mpfebl ung, f , . Rh in e Si betu m - e6 , ,

.
,
.

- le tt er o f
en ; (i mpfebl ungé : ri ch r ei d)
bri ef m —
, .

ee —e ,
.
, ,
. ri d e r ei t en
, t f l) ,
s .
,
.
, .

re cov er ( hea l th) gemeien , ,

st .
,
r i d of, [0 6
r ed , rot, “
er . ri gh t ,
ad
j .
, red) t, ri d) tig ; be ( of
refl ec t (thi n k o v er ) , ii d) befinnen , a ti m e-pi ec e) , ri d) tig geben, st .
,

st f; be ( in th e ) red) t baben
—
. . .

r
ref eshm en t, (Srfrifcbung, f .
, eu . ri gh t (o n , to th e ) , red) té , gut red)
refu s e , ib
ab c l agen, st (d a t o f ten
—
. . .

p en ) r in g , fill ing, m .
, te —e , .

regard , betrachten ; an e l bm ,
st . rin g (of a l a rg e bel l ) Itiuten , .

regar d s (i n c o r r es po n d e nc e) , r i se
( m o u n t) fteigen auffteigen , , ,

Gmpfeblung, f .
,
—en ; ®ru[3, m , . st .
f ; (g et u p) aufiteben si
, .
, ,
.
,

~
e6, “
e.
f ; ( of th e s u n
. aufgeben , ,

regr e t , bebauem . st .
f , .

reign , megierung , f .
,
-e
n. ri v e r fil uf g m 4 6 e
, ,
.
, ,
M
.

j i
re o c e , fr euen ; be —d ii d) fr euen
, ,
r o a st ,
SBraten, m .
,
—6 ,
of

t iein i rr
er reu f ,
.
, f; at
.
ii d) ,
b e e f, minberbruten
fr euen fi ber ro ck semen) , ,
m .
, ( ems ,

rel a te ergfibl en , . R om e , mom ,

n .
,
—8 .

rela ti ve (r l a ti n ) e o , 25ermanbt(er) , ro of fDacl) n —e6 er

, ,
.
, ,
“
.

ad
j . s u bst . ro om g i mmer n —6 , ,
.
, , © tube,
re li ev e ( r el ea se
f ro m ) entbinben,

ro se fii ofe f —
,

st .
, n ,
.
, .

rema in , bl ei ben, st .
, f
. roun d ( m il ) SRunbe f —n , ,
.
, .

requi re , br auchen ; bebltrfen,

“ '

i rr . roun d a dj runb
—
. .
, ,

r e pl y érm ibern, b erfclgcn

,
. r ow ( e i es ) fli eibe f
s n r , ,
.
, .

r es em b l e, fibuli cl) iein, i rr , f

'

. . ro w b o a t Rabn m —e6 e , ,
.
, ,
M
.

reso lve beid fli ef; en, ii d) ent c fbli efgen r oya l fdnigl i cl) ’

—
, , , .

st . rui n S R, uine f n ;
— s I rfi mmer ,
.
, , ,

respect, flé tung, j .
pl ; i n .
—s , gerfall en .
 33 2 EN G L I S H —G ER MA N V O CA BU L A RY .

sh o o t [d) i eben
, ,
st . so il EBoben m —
, 6 (ti t he j ,
.
, ,
4L
, ,
.

Shop ppi n g ) , Ginffiufe s o l d i e r © ol bu t m eu —

’
s ho
(g o eu ~
.
, , , , .

machen, einfaufen so m e ei ni g( er — e — e3 ) mel d) (er

—
.
, , , , ,

sh o e , r ll f er, n .
,
—6 , e - e6
,); — body ne
~

, o ,

sh o rt, fur s, “
er i em an b ei ner ;
— t h i ng etmaé ;
—
.
, ,

sh o u l d e r , g d ml ter, f .
, n .
( a s pa rti ti v e o
f ten u n tr a n s

sh o w , getgen . l a ted ) .

sh u t gi tmam en, . so m ew h a t l on g , Iii nger .

S i c ily ® isl l i en n — 8
, ,
.
, . so n , g o n,b m .
,
—ee e ,
e
.

s il en ce g clfineigcn n — 5 so n g , Bi eb, —ee —et ‘

, ,
.
, . n .

, , .

s il en t (ti ll ; k e p {d) meigen s t

,
e ,
. so on ,
b r am ebeften; a s
bul b, e e ,

s il k g ei be fi ; lei ben l b mi —
,
dj h
a , . a s, o al b l o e; er fruber , , .

s ilv e r © il ber n —6; dj ii tbern

, ,
.
,
a , . so re ( to b e ) met) tun ( d a t of , .

s i n k fini cn b erfinfen
,
t f , ,
s .
, .

Sir spew m — n —en rry ; I m ee tu t mit Ieib

‘

, ,
.
, , . so a .

si s t er © d)lnefter f —,
n ,
.
, . so rt ,
—eu ; t ha t o f thi n
g ,

s i t, ti gen ltd) fegen

,
st .
; d o w n, . o f t ha t bergl ei chen ; w h a t
s itu a ted ( to b e ) Ii egen s t l of? was fut ( eiu) ?
v
. .
, , ,

ska t e © cbl i ttlcbut) l aufen s t f I) so u n d , fl ingen, st

—
.
, , , .
, . .

sku l l g cbdbel , m 8 so u th ® ii ben, m -

6 a nd on

—
.
, .
, , , ,

sky b i m
,m el m ‘
, 3 i n th e ,
.
, , (in ,
to ) th e im ®itben, fii b
am $ immel . lid) .

sl eep id) l aien s t . s ow , faen

—
.
, ,

sl eeping-c a r gebl afmagen m , ,

.
,
m .
, e6 ,
“
er.
-s
,
s pa d e , @ pat en, m .
,
—6 ,

ve ri d e )
sl e i gh -d ri -
,
spea k , fprecben ,
st .
; reben ;
f —en.
; t,
a k e a ei ne © dflttten= ( i n ter v i ew ) [merben ,

f b mad) en
a rt s pea k n g- ru m pe i t t C
é pra cbrobr n
—
.
,

s li gh t l eid) t . e8 —e .
, ,

s li p gl ei ten s t
, f ,
.
, . spec ia l , belonber .

s l ow Ianglam , . spen d ( of ti m e) , b erbringen, 311

sm a ll fl etn , . br ingen, i rr ; ( of m o n ey) , b er .

sm ell rtecben st , ,
. auegaben .

sm i l e Iti cf nln , . spl en d i d berrl icl)

, , pri cbti g, prad fl
sn ea k, {d)l eicben si f b oll
—
. .
, , .

6 é met, m
s n ow , .
, 6 . spoi l , tr .
, b er berben, wk . or si .
;
sn ow fdbnei en i ntr b erberben, st

—
. . .
,

so , l o am, do, et é,
I , i d)
. aud) ; s poo n , floffel , m .
, e ,

th en al o; l (equ a l Spr ee , C c
c pree, f
—
.
,

eG. spr i n g , grfl bl ing, m .

, ee ,
- e.

so ft, meicf) . spri e,t Shire, f .

,
—
n .
 EN G L I S H - G E R MAN V OCA BU LAR Y 33

St P e ter sbu rg , ‘ eterebur t ©elcbicbte, f —n

B g, n
-
8 s o ry ( ta l e )
‘

. ,
. . .
, ,

t l 6 m“ m —ee e
s ab e , ,
.
, ,
“
. a ir —
(f y ta l e), m
S ii rc en n —
b , , 8, .

s ta nd lteben st ; s till,itchen ,
.
, (f o a bu i l di n g ) , -
n;

bl eiben, st f © tocf, m —
e5 “
e; ® tocfrner f, n

—
ee —
, ,
. . .
,
.
,

t
s ar , ® t ern ,
m .
, e , .
—ee —e , .

s t ar t ( on a j o u rn e
y) , abrei en, i l;
. t ve D fen m —6
s o , ,
.
, ,
4
.

(of a v ehi cl e) abfabren s t , ,

.
, f;
. s tr an ge r dj s u b t
,
a . s .

(o n a w a l k) aufbrecben s t , ,
.
, s tra w © tr ob n —
, e6 ,
.
, .

l ; lid) auf ben QBeg mad) en s tr ee t 6 tra b f

c — n; m a i n

6 t aat m —
ee — —
.
. .
, , ,

s ta t e ( pol i t) en ; , ,
.
, ,
n .

the U n it ed —5 , bi e fli ereinigten s tr ee t c a r s - r il w y ® trafgen ,

- a a ,

©taaten; of m i n d © ti m= bal m, f -
eu
—
.
, , .

mung, f eu s tri ke ( hi t) id) lagett st ; ( kn oc k

—
. .
,
.
, , ,

t t
s a esm a n , g taatemunn, m e@ bu mp) ftofgen s t f
© tube nt , m — en, —
.
, . .
, , , ,

“
er t
s u d en t , en
’
.
, .

s ta ti on (ra i l w a y) SBabnbof m s tu d y ( r oo m ) © tubi er3immer, n

—
.
,
.
, , , ,

e@ e; ( st ppi n g pl a c )
“
6m o
-
e
—6 ( br a nc h of l ea r n i n g ) ,
—
, , ,

t ion f -eu , , . g mblum ,

n .
, 6 , ® tubiem
t
s ay , bl eiben, st .
, f; . s tud y, ftubieren .

bl eiben, f; s u b j ec t ( of a r u l er) ll m
’
st .
, .
, ntertan, .
,

s c ho o l ) nacbfi gen s t , ,
.
-
6 or — eu — en , .

s t ea l fi ch ten s t
, ,
. su bur b , fil orftabt, f .
,
M
e
.

s t eam er Q ampfer m , ,
.
,
-3
,
su c ceed , gel i ngen, st .
, i m pers .
, f .

s t ee r fteuertt
, . I cs gel ingt mir .

t
s eers m an ® feuer mann m , ,
.
,
—e8 ,
su ch , fol d fler) ; to .

“
er . s uffe r , l ei ben, st .

t tr et en t f i)
s ep, ,
s .
, .
, . sufli c e , genii gen, genug iein, i r r .
, f; .

s ti ll ( t s t a n d ) it chen o , bl ei ben, auerei c en b .

st .
, f suffi ci en t
genug , .

sti ll , a dv .
(f o ti m e , n u m ber , a nd sugar , Butte , m r .
,
-
5 .

d eg ree) , ( a d v ers a ti v e) sum ; of m o n e y,

—
,
’
bod) , be nnod) n
—
. .

s t o c kin g, @ trumpf, m .
, eé ,
“
e . summ er g ommer , m ,
.
,
-
6,
t
s one , @ t ei n, m -
e8 , - e summ o n berufen, st
—
. . .
, ,

st op (d r a w u p) an al ten, b st ; sun , g onne, f n

—8 —
. . .
, ,

( c ea s e ) au fbflren Sun d a y , g onntag, e m a,

—
.

—
.
, .
,

t r
s o e ( s ho p) , Qaben, m .
, e ,
sun sh in e , ® te fcb im
om n e m e6 .
, .

d epa rt m e n t a l Qfi aarenbaue, s upe ri o r fi berl e gen

’

— —
.
,

n e6 u
er. su pper , tl benbefien, n 6; ?l benbs
—
. .
, , ,

t
s o rm , 6 tur m m ,
.
,
-
e8, “
e
. br ot , n .
, 68 .

s t orm y ftli rmi lcb , . s u ppose , b ermuten ; I mot) ! 2c .

3 34 E N G L IS H G E R — MA N V OCA BU L A RY .

r {i d) er
su e , mi fg; to b e all er , ge : terri b le furcbtbar id) recfl icb tur d)
, , ,

bi ngé mar frei l i d)

’
, , . terl i d) , en fiebl icb .

s u rp r i se fi berraicbung f —en
, ,
.
, . th an al e , .

su spi c i o u s ( o bj of s u s pi ci o n ) .
, th an k baufen ,

b erb i cbtig . th a t r el p n
,
. ro .
, ber, meId) er .

sw a l l o w ( u p ) b erlcbl ingen st tha t d emo n str bet ; bi efet ; ( yo n ‘

. .
, , , ,

sw ea r (ta ke o a th ) fcbm bren s t , ,

. d er ) , ieuer .

sw e e t fil l} , . th a t , co n j .
, but
} .

sw el l i ntr , fdflnell en s t l .
, , . th e , a rt .
, ber, bi e, has .

sw i m id)rntmmen st f l)
, ,
.
, .
, . th e th e (i n ie , befto,
Sw itz e rl and 6 d mm i3 f um o l
—
.
, , .

thea tre , I beater, n .

, s ,

thee bid) , bit

their ibr , .

ta b le I ifd) m —ee —e th em fi e i bnen

ta b lespo on ( nl offel m —
. .
, , , , ,

6 , ,
.
, ,
th en (a t th a t ti m e) , ba, ba mal e; ’

tai l o r 6 d meiber m —
, e ,
.
, , (thereu po n ) bunn , ,
barauf .

ta ke nebrpen st
, ( a d riv e ,
.
,
th ere (i n th a t pl a ce) ba bafelblt , , ,

w a lk mad) en; , a loo k hurt; (to th a t pl a ce) babi u but t? , ,

—
a t, ltd) (d a t ) auleben st ; .
,
. i
b ; ( f
n be o r e v er bs ) ed ; in , ,

Ca r e {g m acbt nebmen st ( o f bari n; -

barauf; ve r
’

, ,
.
,
u p0 n , o

nor ,
o ff abnehmen ; , brii beu .

pl a c e ftattfinben s t ; ,
co l d ,
.
,
th erefo re buber al lo , , .

ii d) erfi l ten . th ese bi ele , .

t a lk r eben ; lprecben st
, ,
. th ey li e; d m nst bi e;
, e o r .
, bieie; bie
ta l l gr ob er grbfgt «
felben ; i n d ef man
—
. .
, , , , .

tea , Z ee, m 8 thic k , bid

—
. . .
,

t each , Iebren ( a c e of pers . . a nd thi ef ,

SDi eb, m .
, e6 —e , .

thi ng ) ; unterri cbtett ( i n, thin , bunn .

t ea ch er , Sebrer, m , —6, .
Bel) : th in g , Qui c e, —
h f n; .
, Q iug, n .
,
—e6
—et ;
,

r eri n , f .
,
-
nen .
‘

a ny so me (it genb)
t ea r t ,
r .
, rei en, B gerrei fsert, s t ; i n tr . .
, et maé .

rei faen
gerrei hen, s t , I) f
,
. . thin k , benfen, i rr ; .
( s u ppo s e) ,

tea spo on , I eel bffel , m , —6, .

gl auben .

teem wimmeln , . thi rs ty , burftig; b e S u r ft baben ,

t el egr aph I el egra pb m —en —en ’

burftig iein
t elephone gem lprecber m —
.
.
, , , , .

5 , ,
.
, , th i s bi eier ; ber;
, ti m e , bi eemal .

I el ep o n, n b
’
.
,
—
e6 —e , . th o se , biele; ieue .

t el l (i nf orm ) lagen
, (re thou bu , .

th ousan d —e6
'

l a te) , ergi bl en .
,
nou n, I au eub, n f .
, ,

ten , gebn .
~
e .
 336 E N GLI SH —GE R MAN VOCA BU L A RY .

Vi enna , { Stem n .
,
—6; ( o f)
flBi euer
—
.

um b el a , r l iltegeu c ir m
ib , m —ee,
—e .
, . V i ew ( pr o s pect) , fil ué fi d fl, f .
, eu .

un c e , l Q ui et, m .
,
-
e, vill a ge , © 0 rf, n , —ee, er
“

.
A
.

un d e r unt er (d t ,
a . or vi o le t fli eil cben, n , —s,
,
.

un f o r tun a t e u ugl itcfl i cb vi o len t hefti g ’

'

vi s it $ elud) m — e6 —
. .
, ,

u nh appy u ngl ii cfl i d) e; p a y —5

’
. .
, , , , , ,

un in j u r ed uub erl ebt ,

SBelucbe mad) en . .

U n it ed S ta t es (the ) bie 23ereinig= vi sit befucbeu , , .

ten ® taaten vi s it o r ( s ) fi
Belud) m -e€
. .
, .

uni v er s ity ll ni b erfi ta t f —eu ; v o i c e @ ti mme f — n

’

vo lum e fiBanb m —
.
,
.
, , , , , .

t u d y a t the
s auf ber ua iner e6 e , ,
.
, ,
“
.

fi t ti t ftubiet en ; g o to th (a s
‘

a stu d e nt) auf bie ll geben ; , .

go to th e b u i l d i n g gut ll , .

geben .

un pa c k , auepacfen . wa it mart en
, ( fo r , au f ,

l
un p e a s an t , unangene hm . w a lk , © pa5i ergang, m .
,
—ee ,

un til , his . t a ke (g o fo r ) a i
e nen g t) .

up , au f; hi nauf; beraui . mad) en ; fpagi ereu geben, st .

, f .

up ri gh t aufr echt , . l
w a k , geben, s t , f . .

u ps tai r s ( m oti o n u pw a r d s ) ber , t

w an ( n eed ) , b auchen ; r to , Quit
auf hinauf; ( r est) oben
, , .
baben gu, molt en .

u s , uni w ar , Si rieg, m —ee —e

—d
.
.
.
, ,

u se , br auchen, gebr auchen ; to , w ar m , warm, “

er .

i m pf or pfl egen an . . w ar n , marueu .

u s efu l , nugl i c b . w a sh , mafrbeu s t ,

.

u sua l , gembbnl i cb . w as te , b erfcbmenben .

w a ste - b a ske t ‘Bapi er torb , ,

m .
,
—e8 ,

“
e
.

wa t ch , ubr f —eu I afcbeuubr ,

.
, , .

w a t e r QBafier n
'

, e nd ,
.
,
-
,
a 4
.

va lley I al n —ee er, ,

.
, ,
“
. w a t e r begi efzen t
, ,
s .

v ani ty Gitel feit f —eu, ,

.
, . w a t e r spri te Sh i re f —
- n , ,
.
, .

vege t ab l e s Gl emii fe n —6 , ,
.
, . w a ve QBe l e f
j ,
—n
,
.
, .

v eran d a Berauba f —e ,
‘
,
.
,
or fil e : w ay ( roa d ) , fl i eg, m .
,
—e6 .
-
e; in
r anbeu . this ( m a n n er ) , au f bi ele
ve ry iebr ;
,
m uc h , iebr . fi f ei e .

v ex, b erbri ef
gert, st . I am —c d , ee w e, mit .

b erbrieigt mi d) ; i d) a ge e mi d) r r . w ea h lt y , re i d) .

Vi c t o ri a , QSi ftoria, —
f , 6 . . w ea pon , S
IBaffe, f .
,
-
u .
 E NGL I S H G E R — MA N VO C A BU L A RY .
33 7

—6 tle
t r QBetter n
w ea h e , ,
.
, . w hi s ,pfei fen, st .

w ea v e fl echt en s t
, ,
. wh ite ,
mei B .

—n met ?
w eek , QBoche, f .
, ; ac ht St age ,
wh o ?

pl ; . a a go , beute b ut 8 wh o , r el .
pr o n ber, bi e, bub ; .
,

I ageu ; t h i s d a y beut e fi ber mel d) (er ,

—e, —e6) ; he ( the o n e )
8 I age . met .

w eep meinen , . w ho e ver , tue r aud) ( i mmer ) .

i
w e gh , tr .
, magen ,
st .
; i ntr .
, mi e w h ol e (a dj ) gang , .

gen, st . w h om men ? ( d a t ) wem? .

w e l co m e , j mi ii fo mmen w h o se ? weifen ?
’
ad , .

w ell a d j ( of h ea l th) mot)! ( pr ed

,
.
,
. wh y ? mar um ? weshal b?
o n l y) gelunb ; to g e t , ge s i
w de, b r ei t .

—eu (b emo ita

ri efen s t 1 ,
.
, . w ife , if rau, f .
, ; h ,f ,

w e ll a d v
,
mobt; gut heifer am .
, , ,
—nen; QBeib , n .
,
—ee ,
-
er .

heft en ; k n o w n befannt , . w lli (a ux f . o te n s e ) , merben ,

st.
;
l
w e l ! nun ! na ! ( m od . aux ) , molten ,
i rr .

w es t , QBe ten, f m .
,
—6 or on W il li am , i BiIbeIm, m .
,
—6 .

(in ,
to ) the i tt1 QBeften, meft= w il l ng i ( to b e ) , be ei r t iein ; woll en,
[i ebf i rr .

w es tern meitlid) ,
. w in , gewinnen, s t .

w h a t ? i nt og p n mae? ; d j err . ro .
,
a .
,
w n d , QBinb, m , —
i ee, .
—e .

meId) er ? ; ( k i n d f) ? was fii r o w i n d ow , $enfter ,

n .
,
—6 ,

ti m e ? mi c biel Hi nt) ; w in e , QBein, m .

,
—e6 ,
-
e .

d y f the m o n t h ? ber
a o w in t er , QBinter, m .
,
-
e .

mieb i ei te? i abba uen

w pe , .

w ha t ,
r el .
(t h a t wh i ch ) , i oaé ;
‘

i
w sh , municben ; molt en, i r r .

e ver , mas aud) ( i mmer ) . w i th mi t , (at th e h ou s e

w h ea t QBeigen, m —6
,
.
, .
f ) bei
o , ( a bo u t th e per
w h en , al e, menn . so n ) bet , .

w h en ? warm ? w ith ou t obne ,

wh e re (i n w h a t or w hich pl a c e ) , w itn ess S enge m — n — ,n ,

.
, , .

to o ; (to w ha t or w h i c h p l a c e) , w om an gr au f —eu , ,
.
, .

lUObiTl . w on d e r ii d) wa nber a ; I , t a

wh e h e t r , ob . t ha t bae maubert mid) , .

w hi ch ? mel d) ( er —e —e3 ) 9 , ,
w o n d e r o f the w o rld QBeItmunber , ,

wh i ch l p ber bi e re ron bae; n —8

mel d) ( er —
, . .
,

—
, ,
.
, ,

—ee) ; t h a t
e , , w o od ( m a ter i a l ) , ee ,

was .
“
er ; (f or est ,
w o od s ) , QBalb, m .
,

w hi le ; wo rt h ber SiJi ube wert .

—te “
er .
,

i
wh l e, co nj mabrenb inbeffen
.
,
’

, ,
w o o d cu tte r , j ol gbauer, m
S
. .
,
—6 ,

unterbejj en , wo d, r QBort, n .
,
—e6 ,
“
er (sep
33 8 E N G L I S H G ER — MA N V O CA BU L A RY .

a r a te w or d s ) , —e ( c o n nected
w or d s )
— —
.

wo kr (l a bo u r ) , fl rbei t, f en ; yea r S br a n -
ee, e
—
.
, , ,
.
, .

QBer f, n .
, e8 —e , .
yes, i a; ind e
ed, Oh j awohl ;
r r i
w o k , a be ten .
(i n c o n tr a di cti n g ) bod)
, .

w o r km an ?Irbei ter m — yest e rd a y, ge ftern

’
6 , ,
.
, , .

w o rl d QBel t f —
,
eu ,
.
, .
yet ( a l rea d y) , {d) on; no t nod)
w o r th wer t ( cc or
,
a . nid) i .

w h il e ber amuse inert

, .
yo n d e r , ad
j , j ener .

w o rth y toii rbig; mert

,
yo n d e r , a dv .
, bort .

wr e cked ( to b e) , id) ei ter n f , .

yo u , © te, i br, bu; i n d ef . man .

wrin g, i
r ngen, st .
yo un g, i er ung, e
.

wri te, id) reiben st ( to an ,

.
, ,
yo ur S br ; euer ; bei n
, .

w ri t in g ( a c t o f) n reiben n 6 , ,
.
,
-
.
yo u rs S brer ; eur er ; beiner ; ber ( bi e
, ,

wri tin g-d esk t a b le ) © cbrei btilcb -

, ,
baa) 8 br (i g) e eur ( i g) e bein ( ig) e , , .

m - e€ —
.
, e , .
you r se lf r efl ii d) (fel bft) ; bir bi d) ;
,
.
, ,

Wr on g ( to b e i n
”
th e ) , unrec bt (y o u ) ® te ( bu) fel bft fel ber
~
, .

baben ; (f be o a ti m e-pi ec e) , yo ur selves r efl il ci) ; end) ; ( yo u )

,
.
,

nid) t ri chti g geben , st .

, f
. @ ie ( ibr) lel bft fel ber , .
 I N DE X
3 40

C o mpo u nd v rb s e , 50
—
5 2 , 25 0 —
25 4 . beito, 1 68 , 3, 2 61 , 3 .

C o nd i ti o na l m oo d , fo m a tr i o n, 1 03 bi eier, 1 99 .

10 5; use , 1 0 6 . bi eé fei t, A pp B, 1 . .

C o nd t ii o na l s e nte n c es , 1 0 6 . i r
D sta nce , m eas u e o f, 1 1 2 , 4 .

Con j ug ti a o n , s ee u n d er V rb e s ; A u xs . D i tri b tiv

s rti l u e a c e, 1 1 3 .

of T en se ; C o m po un d '
Mi xe d ; bod) , 2 40 .

l
Mo d a A ux s Pas s e ; fem ; S t . iv r o ng ; morf m ode l , 43 ; A pp . A , 4 .

W ea k . bu, use , 7 , 1 41 .

C on j u nc t o n s : 2 i 55
-2 61 : c oo rd .
, 2 5 6; r
bu d) , p ep r .
, 78 ; p r efix, 2
54 .

a b v b 1 , 257 , 2 5 8 .
; sub o rd . , 2 5 9 , 2 60 ; biirien, u se ,
1 59 , 1 , 1 7 4 .

co rr el 261 .

C o nn e c t iv es , 40 n , . 1 , 256 . e, o f ge n . a nd d at . s ng i .
, 33 , 2.

C on tr ti o n
ac o f d ef . a rt . , 1 9, 84 9 5 , ,
n eben, 24 1 .

1 24 .
b
e e, 260 , 1 0 , 11 .

r i n tiv
C oo d j ti s 255 —2 5 8
a e c o n un c on , . ei u, 2 5 , 41 , 1 14 .

C rr l tiv
o l u
e a 26 4 e c a se s , 1 , . ei nanber, 1 5 1 .

C rr l ti
o nj un ti
e a 26 ve c o c o ns , 1 . i r d l 3 ;
e ne , 2 ec .
, 1 u se, 1 8, 3, 2 22 .

o ul d ei ni ge 2 34
’
c 1 58 6 , , .
, .

C ou ntri s n a m f g nd r 1 0 8
e ,
es o , e e , ,
1 ,
11 . ein paar 2 2 , 1.

E m ph ti pr n 1 5 2 a c o .
, .

ba, co n j .
, 2 60 , 2 , 297 , 2 , 4 . entgegen A pp B ,
.
,
2 .

ba, fo r p o no u ns , 85 r , 1 0 2 , 1 34 ; fo r d e entl ang A pp B 3 ,

.
, .

m o n str , 2 0 0 . . er it, 242 .

bafi, o m ss on , i i 91 5 ; , c l a us es i
w th , 2 88 , 0 6, idi o m a t c u se s , 1 43 i .

1 ,
n o tes .
ff
e eu m o d el , 1 48 , 6 .

D a te s , 1 85 . i l p rt
E s se nt a a s o f n o uns ,
34 .

Dat iv e : u s e o f, 1 8 , 3, 27 4 2 7 7 — r
fo m , 2 0 E th i l d tiv
ca a e, 2
77 .

a fte r pr e ps . , 92
—1 0 1 ,
1 2 3 -1 33 ; A pp . etIid) e, 2 34 .

B, 2 ; p o sses s d a t 1 63 ; w th a d j s . . ,
i .
,
ettvaet 22 0 .

27 5 ; i vr
w th e b s 2 7 6; e th c a l d a t ,
i .
, e e vr ,
a fte r rel .
pro ns 21 2, 3, n.

2 77
—
.

D ec l en s i on : n o un s, 33 35 43 , 53 54, fall en m o d el 1 48 , 1 4

66—
, , , .

59 ; ad s j 56 57 68 F am i ly n a m es , 1 87 , 3, n 2

—
. . .
, , , .

D e m o ns t r tiv a es , 1 9 0 20 0 .
fechten m o d el , 1 48 , 5 .

benn, co n j 40 .
, ,
n. 1 , 2 5 6, 4, 25 8 2 , . F mi ni n d l
e es , ec .
, 20 , 2, 33 ,
2, 5 9 ; A pp .

D e p e n d en t s en te n c es , w o d o de r r r o f, A 3 , .

i d ir t pr p G
’

70 ; d ep .
q u e st o n s , see In ec . f o r, e .
,
er. e q u iv s .
, A pp . B 4;
,

ber, d ef . a rt .
,
s ee Arti l c e . ft r b
a
k
t e v s g c” A pp B, 5 . .

ber, d e m o nstr .
p r n 1 92
o .
, , 1 99 . F reign n uns
o o , g e n d e , 3 6; r d ecl
ber, rel .
p ro n d ec l .
, 72 ; u se , 74 , 21 4 .
59 .

r
be en, 1 93 , n. Fr i
a c t o ns , 2 0 9 , 2 1 0 .

bergl ei m en, d e m o n str .

, 1 98 ; re l .
, 213. grantetn a g ree m e n t , , 1 39 , n .

berj eni ge, 1 94 , 1 95 .

fri er en m o d el 1 48 3 , , .

berfel b ( i g) e, 1 96, 1 99 . f r om,

’
a fte r v bs .
, e tc .
, A pp B, 5 . .

beegieidyen, 213. Wt . 79 .

beiien, 1 99 , 3 . Futur e p a ss iv e pa rti i pl c e , 296.

 I ND EX 341

Futu re r
p e fec t te nse , fo m a t r i o n, 48 ; I mpe r o nal v rb s s e , 1 42 , 2172 , 4 .

u se , 2 84 . i n, pr p 1 28 e ., .

Futur e te nse , fo rm ti a on, 47 ; use , 283 .

‘
in ,
’
G er . e q u i vs A pp B 4
.
, . . .

286, 2 . I nd e fi n te i t ar s ee A t c e ri l .

Ind efi n i t pr
e o no m. a d j .
, 22 91-2 3 7 .

gang, 23 1 . I n d efin i t pr n
e o o un s , 2 1
7
-22
3 .

ge p r e fix o f p a st p a rt .
, 37 , 2 ; om i s in bem, 260 , 1 , 297 , 2 , 4 .

i
s o n, 51, 1 20 . i nbefien, 2 60 , 1 a nd 6 .

gegen, 8 0 . I nd i c at iv e m o o d i n l ud ,
ir . sta te m e nts

gegeniiber, 101. 91 , 2, n .
; us e , 2 78 ; te ns e s o f, 2
79 ~

Semaér A pp B ) 3 . . 28 4 .

G e nd er r , u l e s o f, 1 , 35 3 6 44 55, , , ; of I ndir t ec sta te m e n ts a n d q u es t o ns 9 1 i , .

pr p r o e n a m es, 1 0 8 , n. I nfi i tiv n e : a fte r vb s 2 2 2 8 8 ; p ac e , l

—7 3 ;
.
, ,

G n i tiv
e e : u se , 1 8 , 2 7 0 2 fo r m , 2o ; 49 , 7 0 , 2 3 ; o f p urpo se, 65 288 ,
, , 2 ;
f ti m o 87 ; p o s o , 2 7 1 ; w th
e, i ti n i r i
fo m a t o n 1 1 8 ; a s i mpve , , .

a dj s a nd v b s , 2 7 2 ;
. a d vb l ge n , . . . w i th ut 511 o , w th 511 , 288 i
r
2 73 ; p ep s w th , A pp B , 1 i 292 ; s ub s ta nt iv l 28 9 ; wi th p eps r
—
. . . a , .

ge m, u se , 243 . fo r ge un d , 2 90 , 2 7 ;
29 0 ; r i nt r e

Ge r und , E n g l sh i , 2 90 . ro g i n fi n , 29 1 ; e l pt c a i nfi n ,
. . li i l . 29 2 .

gl ei d) , p e p A pp B 2 r . , .
, .
-in
'

g , En g n fi n t v e i n 28 9 1 . i ii , , , n .
,

« r
( B af m o d e l 53 ; A pp ,
. A ,
6 . 29 0 .

i nmi tteu, A pp B 1 .
, .

b aben, u se a s a ux 37 39 ;
- m i i
ss o n , i nnerlj al b, A pp B 1
—
.
, o . , .

r i a d g m A pp C , I ns e p a ra b l e p efi xe s , 5 1 , 25 0 254 r
70,
—
7 ; pa , . 1 . .

h al b, d ec l .
, 2 0 9 ; i n m xed i n um b e s , r r
I n te r o g a i e s , 2 0 1 2 0 8 tv .

210 . i rgenb, 2 23 , n .

hal ben bal bet , App B,

‘

, . 1 .

ha f, l ’
20 9, 21 0 .
ia. 244 .

fi anb m o d el 3 ; A pp A , .
, 3 .
ie 1 68 3 261 3
, , , , .

beifen m o d el 1 48 1 1 , , .
iebet , d ec l 3 1
‘
.
, u s e , 23 2 .

ber, pre fi x 253 , .

j ebermaun, 2 1 9 .

bi er, fo r d e m o nstr 20 0 .
j ebtueber, 232 .

bin, pre fix 253 , . j egl i cher, 232 .

bta ter, prep 1 27 ; pre fi x .

, , 2 5 4, 4, n . 2. j emua h, 2 1 9 .

H o u se n u mb e s , 1 86 r .
iener, d e c l 3 1 ; .
,
use , 1 9 1 .

fi unb m o d el , 3 ; A pp . A , 1, 2 .
ienfei t, A pp B .
, 1.

‘
i f in d ep e n d e nt q uest o n s 9 1 4
,
’
i , , . i ein, 25 .

i br, p e ro u 7 4 r s .
p n .
, se , , 1 1 . fe nei r ,
d ec l .,
31 ; u se , 22 2 .

i mmer aft r l 2 1 2 ,
e re , n . fi nabe m o d el 53 , .

I m p r tiv m oo d f rm ti tbtmen, us e 1 5 9
'

e a e , o a o n, 1 1 5 , 1 1 7 , , ,
2, 1 75 .

1 45 ; us e , 28 6 trai t pr ep A pp B 1
—
. .
, , ,
. .

I mp erfec t ind i c .
, r
fo m a t o n , i 26 28 ,
1 44 ; u se , 2 8 0 . L a nguag e-n a mes , 1 83 .

I mpe fec t s ub r j .
, r
fo m a t o n , 8 8 , 89 , 1 47 i l affen, j
c o n u ga t o n , 1 48 , 1 4 i ; us e , 1 59 ,

use in in d ir . sta te m e nts , 91 .

7, 1 80 ,
 I ND E X
342

l au t pr
,
ep .
, A pp B .
,
1 .
po un d , 3 5 ; s u m m a o f d ec ry l .
, 59 ;
Le tt r e s, h o w to a d d e ss , 1 r 86 . r
g e n d e , 1 3 5 3 6, 44 , 5 5 ; e fe , , r r enc e

i
l sts A p p , 1
—9 ; n o uns o f n a t
, . A i o na l

iDi al er m o d el 43 , . i ty , 1 83 ; as p re fi xe s , 2 5 1 .

man, i nd e f pro n 7 5 n 2 2 1 8 . .
, , .
, . N u me r a ls , c a rd n a i l
41 ; e m arks , r on,

maucber, 233 . 1 14 ; o rd i n a l , 1 84 1 86, 1 89 — .

—mann, c o m po u n d s w i th 35 n , , . nur, 246:

M r
e a su e , e xp e s s o n o f, 1 1 2 r i .

mehr, in c o m pa ri so n , 1 68 , 3 ,
n 1 ; o b, c o n i n d ep q u e s tj .
, . i o ns ,
91 , 260 , 7 .

r n m dj 23 5
p o o . a .
,
. 0 b, pre p A pp B 3 .
, .
, .

mehr ere 2 36 ,
. o bet bal b, A pp B 1
‘
.
, .

mei n p dj d l 2 5
,
o ss . a .
, ec .
, . obgl e c i h obfdj ou , ,
e tc .
, 2 60 , 8 .

mifi pr fi 254 4 n 3 e x, , , . . Ob j e c ts , w o rd o rd e r , 69 .

mi t p r p 96
,
e .
, . eb er , 40 , n . 1 , 25 6 .

Mi d xe j g ti 1 53 —1 5 6 con u a o n, .
‘
o f,
’
ho w r e nd e e d r , 99 , n o te s ; Ge r .

Mi d d l i
xe fn ec e n s o n : o o u ns , 54 ; of e q u iv s .
, A pp B 4 ; .
, a fte r vb s .
, A pp .

ad s j .
, 56 57 , . B 5 , .

Mi xe d n u m b e s . 2 1 0 r . nbne, 8 1 , 29 0 .

Mo d a l a ux i l i ri a es : c o n uga t o n , j i 1 53 S br m o d e l , 5 4 ; A pp , 9 . A .

1 5 6; pa a r d igm s, A pp . C , 2 ; u se «
'
o n , G e r e q u iv s , A pp B 4 . . . , .

1 5 7 - 1 60 , 1 73 —1 8 0 c om te n s es r i
O d na l s , 1 84 , 1 8 5 1 8 9
;
p
.
. ,
J
17 1 , 1 7 2.

mbgen, u se , 1
59 3 , , 176 . Pa rt i i pl
c es : p r es e nt, 294, 2 97 ; pa s t ,

M o od , a ux i l i ri a e s o f, see Mo d a l A u x fo rm ti a o n, 37 2 , , 1 1 9 , 1 20 ; as i m p v e
i l ia ri e s ; i n i n d ir d s c o u . i r se , 9 1 ; in 28 6, 2 ; i i d o ms , 295 ; fu t .
p a ss i ve,

co n d l s e n te n c es 1 0 6
.
, . 29 6; p l a c e 40 , 49 7 0 ; a s , , n o uns ,

Mo o d s of v rb e ,
s ee u nd e r va r i o u s 68 ; us e , 2 93—
2 9 8 ; a d ec t j iv al , 294 ,

m oods . 2 98 .

M ti o o n, v rbe s o f, 62 . P a ss iv e : w th i merben ,
s i m pl e te n se s ,

miiffen, use , 1 5 9 , 4 , 1 77 .
7 5 ; w th i fei n 7 5 , , n . r e p la c e d

by man c o n s tr .
, 75 ,
n . 2, 2 1 8 , 5 ;
nach, p e p r i v i 2 24 2 28 ; — r i a d gm
.
, 97 .
p a ss v e o c e, pa ,

nachb em, 2 60 , 1 1 , 29 7 , 3 . 2 2 6, A pp C , 6 . .

nad) lt, p ep r .
, A pp B, . 2 . P e rfec t te ns e , fo ma t r i on, 37 ; u se , 38 ,

fl ame m o d e , 54 ; A pp l . A , 7 . 2 81 .

N a m es see u nd er P e ,
r so n na m es , P erso n a l p r o n o un s : of a d d e ss , r 7 ,

P l a ce n a m es . 1 41 ; wo d r rd r o e o f, 69 ; p a r d i gm
a s,

N at o n ali i ty ,
ad s j . a n d n o u n s o f, 1 83 . 1 39 ; a gr m nt ee e , 1 40 ; su b ti t t
s u es

nebft, A pp B, . 2 . fo r, 85 1 0 2 , , 1 34 , 1 99 ; a fte r wi e s a

nid) té , 22 0 . rel , 2 1 5 . .

i
n chte wen i ger al e 260 , , 5 . Pe r so n n a m e s , 1 87 —
1 89 .

ni emanb, 2 1 9 . Pl a c e n a m es : w th i a rt .
,
1 08 ; g e nd e r ,

nod) , 2 45 . 108 ; w th i hal b, 2 09 , 2, n w th i

Nom i na t iv e, fo m , r 2 0 ; u se , 1 8 , 2 65 .
Sand, 23 1 » 3
N o u ns : c a se fo m s , r 20 ; st o ng r d ecl .
,
r
P l u pe fe c t te n s e ,
r
fo m a t o n 3 9 ; i , use ,
—
33 35 , 43 ; w e a k d ec l . , 53 ; m xe d i 282 .

d ec l .
, 54 ; e ss e n t a i lp r a ts , 34 ; c o m P o ssess ive dj a ec t iv es , 2 5 .
3 44 INDEX

S ub o dr in tiv co j un ti n a e n c o s, 2 5 9 , 260 .
—
p o un d , 5 0 5 2 , 2 5 0 2 54 ; a g e em e n t, — r
S ub s t ti v l d j tiv 5 8
an a a ec e, . 2 62 ; p a a d g m s , A pp C ; p e p s r i . r .

S ub t ntiv l i nfi n itiv 289

s a a e, . r
a fte , A pp B, 5 ; a ph ab e t c a l l st o f . l i i
S up rl tiv 1 69 7 0
e a e, , 1 . t
s ro ng a n d irr eg .
, A pp . D; o f ao

S y l l b i ti n
a I n tr d u tica o ,
see o c o n. e n s ng , i e tc . , 27 2 , 3; of c h o o s ng , i
e tc 267 , 3; o f n a m ng , e tc i 267 , 1 ;
T e n se i n i n d i r d i sco u s e , r 91 of r eg a rd i ng e tc 267 2 ; o f te ac h
2 7 9—
. .
, , ,

T e ns e s : of i di n c .
, 28 4 ; see a l so i ng , 266, 2 .

u n d er A u i l i ri x a es and u n d er tlz e oermittel jt ,

A pp . B ,
1 .

b ermoge, A p p B, 1
'

v a r i ous ten ses . . .

‘
th a n a fte r c o m pa a r tiv es, 1 3, 1 68 . 23“ t m o d e l 54 ; A pp , . A , 8 .

‘
th a t, dem p . r on .
,
ho w r en d e e d , 1 9 1 r . i
v el , use 2 3 7 , .

th e r e , b efo e
’
r vhs .
, 1 43 . V o cat iv e, 265 , 1 .

i
T me , a c e o f, 2 9 .
; wo d o d e r r r 30 , , 69 ; b olt, a dj .
, 27 2 , 1 ,
n .

t im
d a y 86; g e ne of , . of ti m e, 87 ; r
b oll , p e fi x , 2 5 1 , 3 ,
n .

E ng p re s p a t o f 297 . . r .
, . b utt, w i th p ass iv e, 75 , 2 ; use , 99 ; te

il
T t es 1 88 262 3 , , ,
.
pl a c e s ge n 99 n o tes
.
, , , 1 81 ,
2, n .

‘
to ,
’

p r ep .
,
h ow r en d e e d , r 100 , n .
; b er, p rep .
, 1 3 2 2 60 1 1 , , .

Ge r . e q u i vs .
, A pp B 4 ; .
,
a fte r vb s

e tc .
, A pp B 5 .
,
. wa hrenb, A pp 8 1 .
, .

fr ee, A pp 8 , 3 mu m, 7 1 .

wa s, i n te rro g pro n . .
, 207 , 20 8 ; re l .

r pr p 3 0 ; pr fi 254
u be ,
e .
, 1 e x, .
p ro n 2 1 1 , 2 1 2 .

um p r p , 8 2 ; w i th i fi 65 2 90 ;
e .
,
n n .
, , was fii r ei n, 2 0 2 , 2 0 3 .

pr fi 2 54 e x, . W e a k c o nj u ga ti o n , s pe c a i l f rm o s , 1 37 ;
U ml t i aum p ri 13 165; i: n co a so n , n irr eg . 1 38 ; pa r d ig m
a , A pp C . 3 . .

i 33 43 5 9 A pp A 3—5 ;
, ,

d l ec e n s o n , , , , .
, W ea k d ec l e n s i on : o f n o u n s, 53 ; of

i i m p f ub j 88 89 1 47
n . s .
, , , . ad s j .
, 56 5 7 , .

unti) i mp r
l , 68 3 n co a .
, 1 , . megen A pp B 1 ,
.
, .

um mitten A pp B , .
,
1 . W e i gh t e xp res si o n , o f, 1 1 2 .

um 511 ft r dj 288 4 ,
a e a s .
, , ,
n .
-tvei e a d
, f v s . in , 27 3 , 2 .

u nb, 40 ,
n . 1 ; 2 5 6, 2, 3 . wel cher : i n te rr og .
, d ec l .
, 31 ; u s e , 2 0 6;

un e n, fr A pp B .
,
1 . re l .
p r on d ecl .
, 73 ; u se , 74 ; i nd ef .

un e t r pr ,
ep .
, 1 31 p r e fix , 2 54 . r np o .
, 2 23 .

u nterbe en, 260 fi ,

1 ,
6 . weni g ,
u se , 23 7 .

un e t rhal b ,
A pp .
, B, 1 . menn ,
u se , 71 ; o m ss o n , 1 0 6, 5 i i .

uutv ei t, A pp . B , 1 . tvenngi ei d) , etc 260 ,

8 .

‘
use d to ,
’
ho w r e n d e e d , 28 0 r 1 mer i nte rr og re l
—
.
, . , .
, ,

werben I 46 48 ; a ux o f
a ux . o f ten s e , .

Qi ater m o d e l 43 ; A pp A c o nd l , 1 0 3—
1 0 5 ; a ux o f p a ss e 7 5 , iv
,
.
, 5 . . . ,

Verb pl a c e o f, 40 7 0
, , . 2 25 2 26; pa a d g m A pp C 1
.
r i , . , .

V rb e s : i
61 62 ; s te m s 1 35 ;
w th iein , , me , 2 08 , 3 .

p i r n pa . rt
s 1 3 6; s pe c a l w ea k fo m s ,
i r ,
w h en , h o w r en d e ed ,
’
r 71 .

1 37 ; i
rr eg w e a k 1 3 8 ; st o ng 1 44 . , r ,
‘
wh e th e r i n d ep q u est o n s , 9 1
,
’
. i .

1 48 ; c l a s s e s o f s t o ng 1 48 ; mp e s , r ,
i r .
‘
i
wh l e ,
’
260 6 . .

1 42 27 2 4 ; ,
efl ex e, co m,
r iv W bO ‘ Q
'

, W
 I ND E X 345

tother pr ,
ep .
, 83 .
7 0 ; in re ] . l
c a u ses , 74 , 2 1 6; in mo
wi e, us e , 1 3 , 2 , 1 68 , 2 ; a s rel . , 2 1 5 ; in da l s, 1 7 2 .

a pp os .
, 263, 2 .
‘
wo ul d ,
’
o f c usto m a ry acti o n, 28 0 , l , n .

mieber ,
as p r
54 4 n e fix , 2 , , .

miffett , c o nj ug a ti o n 1 —
53 1 5 6 , . Y r ea nu m b e r , 1 85 .

i
w th , G e r
’
. e q u iv s .
, A pp B, 4 . .
’

yo u , h o w r nd r d 7 1 4
e e e , ,
1 .

mobt , 248 . y r
o u , ho w
’
r nd r d 7
e e e , .

woll en, u se , 64, 1 59 , 6, 160 , 179 .

mo ot) ,
r pr
b e fo e ep s .
, 7 4, 4 , 2 08 , 2 .
511, p r ep .
, use, 1 0 0 ; i
w th i nfi n .
,
22 ,

W o rd o rd r r l e , u es o f : pla c e of prd e .
auerif, 249
ad j 9;.
, of in fin .
,
o f ex pr es 5ufotge, A pp B 3 .
, .

i
s o n s o f ti m e , 30 ; in p ri n . se n te n c e s
'

aundcbft, A pp B 2 .
,
.

( vb . and past 40 ; d s ega d e d ir r gumiber, A pp B . . 2.

in vr e s e, 40 , n 2 ; o f o b e c s p ro n s ,
. j t , .
swifcben, 1 33 .

a nd ad v s .
, 69 ; in d ep senten ces , .