Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________

Vertebrate Diversity

Chapter Test A
Answer Key
Multiple Choice 21. The branches represent different classes of
1. c vertebrates.
2. b 22. Mammals have hair.
3. b 23. reptilia (Also allow: reptiles.)
4. a 24. an amnion, which encloses an embryo
5. b during development
6. a 25. four limbs
7. a
8. c
9. d
10. c
11. d
12. c
13. d
14. c
15. c
Short Answer
16. Jaws developed from gill arches.
17. The modern fish with jaws would be better
suited, because it could use its jaws to grasp
and devour prey.
18. It reinforces the jaws.
19. The fish is a predator.
20. to support the gills

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Biology 1 Vertebrate Diversity

Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Vertebrate Diversity

Chapter Test A
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Choose the letter of the best answer. (15 credits)

_____ 1. Gills are large sheets of thin _____ 3. What passes through a
tissue that chordate’s pharyngeal slits?
a. absorb carbon dioxide. a. blood
b. assist in digesting food. b. water
c. take in dissolved oxygen. c. electrical currents
d. protect a fish’s lungs. d. eggs
_____ 2. The illustration in _____ 4. Lampreys hold on to their
Figure 23.1 shows the prey with their
metamorphosis of a frog. a. suckers.
Which of the following b. jaws.
statements is true? c. tentacles.
d. teeth.
_____ 5. How many groups of jawed
fish still exist?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
_____ 6. What is the term for the fan-
FIG. 23.1 shaped array of bones in
fish such as goldfish and
a. Frogs live only on dry
tuna?
land.
a. ray-fin
b. Some amphibians lay
b. fin-arch
eggs in the water.
c. gill-arch
c. Tadpoles can live on land
d. fin-support
or in water.
d. Adult frogs can’t survive _____ 7. The coelacanth is a type of
out of water. a. lobe-finned fish.
b. ray-finned fish.
c. cartilaginous fish.
d. amphibian.

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Biology 2 Vertebrate Diversity

Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________

Chapter Test A, continued

_____ 8. Which animals were the _____ 12. Sharks have skeletons made
first to develop four limbs? of
a. reptiles a. chitin.
b. bony fish b. bone.
c. amphibians c. cartilage.
d. birds d. keratin.
_____ 9. Lobe-finned fish that may _____ 13. A fish’s swim bladder
be the closest living helps it
relatives to terrestrial a. swim faster.
vertebrates are b. breathe water.
a. coelacanths c. remove waste.
b. lampreys d. stay afloat.
c. chimeras
d. lungfish _____ 14. Which of the following is a
membranous organ that
_____ 10. What is labeled B in the develops in female
illustration of the sea squirt? mammals during
pregnancy?
a. keratin
b. amniotic egg
c. placenta
d. uterus
_____ 15. A caecilian uses a
hydrostatic skeleton to
stiffen its body to
a. evade predators.
b. attack its prey.
c. move through soil.
d. attract a mate.
FIG. 23.2
a. gills
b. endoskeleton
c. notochord
d. intestine
_____ 11. The first recognizable
vertebrates were
a. birds.
b. amphibians.
c. reptiles.
d. fish.

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Biology 3 Vertebrate Diversity

Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________

Chapter Test A, continued

Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer items 16–20. (5 credits)

FIG. 23.3
16. What does this illustration show about how jaws developed?
_______________________________________________________________
17. Which animal would be better suited to preying on large animals, a jawless
fish or a modern fish? Explain.
_______________________________________________________________
18. In most fish, the fourth gill set is fused to the cranium. How does this structure
help the jaws?
_______________________________________________________________
19. What does the presence of teeth in the modern jawed fish indicate about
its diet?
_______________________________________________________________
20. As the illustration shows, most gill arches have kept their original purpose.
What is that purpose?
_______________________________________________________________

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Biology 4 Vertebrate Diversity

Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________

Chapter Test A, continued

Use the diagram below to answer items 21–25. (5 credits)

FIG. 23.4
21. What do the branches of this tree represent?
_______________________________________________________________
22. What, according to the chart, is a basic difference between reptiles and
mammals?
_______________________________________________________________
23. Which class is most closely related to birds?
_______________________________________________________________
24. What, according to the tree, do reptiles, birds, and mammals have in common?
_______________________________________________________________
25. What fundamental characteristic do frogs and birds share?
_______________________________________________________________

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Biology 5 Vertebrate Diversity