University of Moratuwa

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering

Semester 1 Examination 2020/21

MSc/PG Diploma in Electrical Engineering/Electrical Installation/Industrial Automation

EE5102 Power Distribution Systems

Time allowed: Two Hours ONLY August 2021

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

This paper contains 4 questions in 5 pages

This is an open book examination.

The examination accounts for 70% of the module assessment.

Answer all questions.

The marks assigned for each question and sections thereof are indicated in square brackets.
Assume reasonable values for any data not given in or with the examination paper. Clearly
state such assumptions made on the script.

If you have any doubt as to the interpretation of the wording of a question, make your own
decision, but clearly state it on the script.

Electronic/Communication devices are not permitted. Only equipment allowed is a calculator

approved and labeled by the Faculty of Engineering.

ADDITIONAL MATERIALS: None

Continued………..

Page 1 of 5
Question 1 [25 marks]

a) Discuss the reliability of supply, when using the secondary selective feeder arrangement
vs. expanded radial distribution feeder arrangement. Use feeder arrangement diagrams in
your discussion.
[10 marks]

b) Given a choice of secondary selective, expanded radial and secondary network

arrangements, explain which type of feeder arrangement is preferred for supplying a rural
area.
[5 marks]

c) Explain the requirement of the protective device, “the network protector” in secondary
network arrangements.
[5 marks]

d) Figure Q1 presents the breaker-and-half bus scheme. Due to breaker failure, the breaker A
has not operated for a fault on feeder-1. Explain how the protection scheme would act at
such a situation to maintain the system reliability while isolating the fault.
[5 marks]

Figure Q1

Page 2 of 5
Question 2 [25 marks]

Assume a distribution substation supplying a small city, experiences an annual peak load of
3,500 kW. The total annual energy supplied to primary feeder circuits is 107 kWh. The peak
demand occurs in August and is due to air-conditioning load. The monthly load curve is shown
in Figure Q2.

Figure Q2

a) Find the annual average power demand. [5 marks]

b) Find the annual load factor. [5 marks]

c) If the summation of individual peak loads of consumers is 3,850 kW, calculate the diversity
factor. [5 marks]

d) Suppose that a new load of 100 kW with 100% annual load factor is to be supplied from
the same substation.
(i) Sketch the new load curve indicating the change in load with reference to the
existing load curve given in Figure Q2. [5 marks]
(ii) Find the new annual load factor on the substation. [5 marks]

Page 3 of 5
Question 3 [25 marks]

Figure Q3 presents a distribution arrangement supplying a rural area. The 11 kV line impedance is (0.5
+ j0.9) Ω/km and total length of the feeder is 13 km. The 100 kVA, 11 kV/ 400V delta-star
connected distribution transformers represented as DT in Figure Q3 are of 0.1 pu reactance
each. The start connected loads at the secondary of each distribution transformer, DT are of
capacity, 95.26 kVA, 0.8 lagging power factor.

5 km 2 km 2 km 2 km 2 km
33/ 11 kV A
Primary B C D E F
R
Substation
Delta-Delta F
100kVA
11 kV/ 400 V DT DT DT DT DT
Distribution
Substation

Figure Q3

a) If the loads are constant current loads, calculate the per phase current in section AB of the 11 kV
feeder.
[5 marks]

b) Using the average method, calculate the percentage power loss in the 11kV feeder compared to the
supplied load.
[5 marks]

c) Using the average method, calculate the percentage voltage drop at the node F.
[5 marks]

d) Discuss through illustrations how the feeder selective relaying is affected by interconnecting a
distributed generator in section AB.
[10 marks]

Page 4 of 5
Question 4 [25 marks]

Consider the network given in Figure Q4.

Figure Q4

The line-to-line source voltage at Node 1 is 12.47 kV and the line impedance is (0.1 + j0.5) Ω/km. Line
length of each section are as given on Figure Q4. Constant impedance load at Node 2 is delta connected
and balanced, while all other loads and the capacitor bank are being balanced and star connected. Total
three phase rated value of each load and the capacitor bank is shown on the diagram.

Using the forward-backward sweep method, compute the node voltages after 2 iterations.

[25 marks]

Page 5 of 5