VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANASANGAMA, BELAGAVI - 590018

A Project Report on

“Smart Street Light Control Using Arduino”

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the third-semester course Innovative Project Lab [21EEE139]

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Submitted by

Shashank S USN (11BN22EE416-T)

Ram murthi H USN(11BN22EE413-T)
Vikas S K USN (11BN22EE411-T

Under the Guidance of:

NAME: Smt.Raksha.S
Designation: Assistant Professor

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

B.N.M. Institute of Technology

An Autonomous Institution under VTU
Post box no. 7087, 27th cross, 12th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru-
560070, INDIA Ph: 91-80- 26711780/81/82 Email: principal@bnmit.in,
www. bnmit.org
2022-2023

B.N.M. Institute of Technology

 An Autonomous Institution under VTU
Post box no. 7087, 27th cross, 12th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru- 560070, INDIA
Ph: 91-80- 26711780/81/82 Email: principal@bnmit.in, www. bnmit.org

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the Project entitled “ Smart Street Light Control Using Arduino ” carried by
Shashank.S.(USN:11BN22EE416-T), Ram Murthi H(USN:11BN22EE413-T),Vikas.SK
(USN:11BN22EE411-T) the bonafide students of III Semester B.E., B.N.M Institute of Technology,
in the partial fulfilment for the Bachelor of Engineering in ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2022-2023.
All the corrections / suggestions indicated for internal assessment have been incorporated in the
report and have been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements with respect to the course
Innovative
Project Laboratory (21EEE139), prescribed for the said degree.

Mrs. Raksha S Dr. R. V. Parimala

Dr Krishnamurthy G.N.
Assistant professor,
Principal
Dept. of EEE HOD, Dept. of EEE
BNMIT, Bengaluru BNMIT, Bengaluru BNMIT, Bengaluru
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our most sincere acknowledgement to the Management of B.N.M Institute of Technology for
giving us an opportunity to pursue the B.E in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, thus helping
in shaping our career.

We express our sincere gratefulness to our beloved Director, Prof. T.J. Rama Murthy, for his
encouragement and co-operation for any academic work.

We are indebted to Dr. S Y Kulkarni, Additional Director, for motivating us to perform better
during the execution of the project work.

We express our sincere gratefulness to our beloved Dean, Prof. Eishwar N Maanay, for his
continuous support.

We are indebted to our beloved Principal, Dr. Krishnamurthy G.N, for providing us a congenial
environment to work in.

We are grateful to Dr. R.V. Parimala, Professor and HOD, Department of EEE, for the support
and encouragement.

We express our sincere gratitude to our internal guide [Guide Name], [Designation], Department of
EEE, for providing timely guidance during the project work.

We also thank all the staff members of our Department, family members and friends who have
encouraged and helped us in one or other form during the work.

Student Names
Shashank S Ram murthi H Vikas S K

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our most sincere acknowledgement to the Management of B.N.M Institute of Technology for
giving us an opportunity to pursue the B.E in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, thus helping
in shaping our career.

We express our sincere gratefulness to our beloved Director, Prof. T.J. Ram Murthy, for his
encouragement and co-operation for any academic work.

We are indebted to Dr. S Y Kulkarni, Additional Director, for motivating us to perform better
during the execution of the project work.
We express our sincere gratefulness to our beloved Dean, Prof. Eishwar N Maanay, for his
continuous support.

We are indebted to our beloved Principal, Dr. Krishnamurthy G.N, for providing us a congenial
environment to work in.

We are grateful to Dr. R.V. Parimala, Professor and HOD, Department of EEE, for the support
and encouragement.

We express our sincere gratitude to our internal guides Dr. Shubha Rao K, Associate Professor and
Smt. Ashwini A, Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, for providing timely guidance during
the project work.

We also thank all the staff members of our Department, family members and friends who have
encouraged and helped us in one or other form during the wor Student Name and USN
 ABSTRACT
The objective of the project is to provide automatic control and fault detection of street lamps. The lighting
system which targets the energy and automatic operation on economical affordable for the streets and send
information about the street lamp
to fault
the control room. Moreover, errors which occur due to manual
operation can also eliminate. The street light system is checking the weather for street lamp ON/OFF
condition. The weather is bright or dark, are sense through a LDR sensor.
s bright,
If thethe
weather
systemi
will be OFF otherwise system will be ON. The light condition is also used to check the lamp glowing status
through LDR sensor. If light glows then the sensor sends the value to street light system
-Fi through the Wi
module. Here, also
he PIR
t sensor is used to measure the motion of vehicle or any other object. According to
the program, whenever there is no vehicle cross as the PIR sensor, the light will glow as dim. Otherwise the
light will glow as bright.
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Table of Content

Chapter No. Chapter Name Page No.

1 Introduction
2 Literature Survey
3 Problem Statement
4 Objective
5 Block Diagram / Circuit Diagram
6 Work Carried-Out
7 Result & Conclusion
8 References

List of Figures
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Figure Figure Name Page

No. No.
1.1
1.2
1.3

2.1

2.2

List of Tables

Table Page
Table Name
No No.

I
II

III

IV

Introduction
Street light controllers are smarter versions of the mechanical or electronic timers previously used
for street light ON-OFF operation. They come with energy conservation options like twilight saving,
staggering or dimming. Also many street light controllers come with an astronomical clock for a
particular location or a Global Positioning System (GPS) connection to give the best ON-OFF time
and energy saving.

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Automatic Street Light Control System is a simple and powerful concept, which uses transistor as a
switch to switch ON and OFF the street light automatically. By using this system manual works are
removed. It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of
our eyes. It automatically switches OFF lights under illumination by sunlight. This is done by a
sensor called Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like our eyes
By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because now-a-days the manually
operated street lights are not switched off properly even the sunlight comes and also not
switched on earlier before sunset. In sunny and rainy days, ON time and OFF time differ
significantly which is one of the major disadvantage of using timer circuits or manual .
This project exploits the working of a transistor in saturation region and cut-off region to switch
ON and switch OFF the lights at appropriate time with the help of an electromagnetically
operated switch.
A street light, lamppost, street lamp, light standard, or lamp standard is a raised source of light
on the edge of a road or walkway, which is turned on or lit at a certain time every night. Modern
lamps may also have light-sensitive photocells to turn them on at dusk, off at dawn, or activate
automatically in dark weather. In older lighting this function would have been performed with the
aid of a solar dial. It is not uncommon for street lights to be on poles which have wires strung between
them, or mounted on utility poles.
This project exploits the working of a transistor in saturation region and cut-off region to switch
ON and switch OFF the lights at appropriate time with the help of an electromagnetically
operated switch
Automatic Streetlight needs no manual operation of switching ON and OFF. The system itself
detects whether there is need for light or not. When darkness rises to a certain

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Literatrue survey
Literature review is an assignment of previous task done by some authors and collection of information or
data from research papers published in journals to progress our task. It is a way through which we can find
new ideas, concept. There are lot of literatures published before on the same task. Some papers are taken
into consideration from which idea of the project is taken.

[1] Murat Kuzlu; Manisa Pipattanasomporn; Saifur Rahman, -This paper attempts to show how energy
can be tapped and used at a commonly used system Assessment of Communication Technologies
Supporting Smart Street Lighting Applications. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced
because nowadays the manually operated street lights are not switched off properly even the sunlight comes
and also not switched on earlier before sunset.

[2] A. Padam Rao -This paper attempts to show how energy can be tapped and used at a commonly used
system- the road speed breakers. The number of vehicles passing over the speed breaker in roads is
increasing day by day. A large amount of energy is wasted at the speed breakers through the dissipation of
heat and also through friction, every time a vehicle passes over it. There is great possibility of tapping this
energy and generating power by making the speed-breaker as a power generation unit.

[3] Y. M. Yusoff, R. Rosli, M. U. Karnaluddin and M. Samad- Paper helped us in learning how to
program to control the light intensity of the LEDs and about the sensor usage and connection to the board.

[4] R. Müllner, A. Riener - Learning of the paper involves wide-ranging accessibility to the emerging
technology like light emitting diodes and their eco-friendly nature to the environment and long-lasting
ability motivates the user to believe that power conserving street lighting systems are a reality and can be
implemented in the country.

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[5] M. Castro, A. J. Jara and A. F. G. Skarmeta - In this paper authors described the need of smart
lighting system. They have described that the sustainable development of cities affects the overall electricity
use of lighting and the curiosity in offering greater control of its use. They have proposed the solution for
lightning system through Machine-to-Machine protocols.

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Problem statement
It is quite common to use the street light for human requirement.

It is very common to see the street light all night, which is a great waste of energy. The power consumption
is relatively high day by day. Some streets are not fully occupied like the main city streets; sometimes they
are empty for a certain period time. Based on the problem, the observation of street lighting was done to
improve the street lighting control system to make sure the street light can operate properly. By applying
this system, it can reduce energy consumption and also can reduce electricity wastage. Therefore, it is
important to know the ways how to minimize the power consumption of the street light.

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Circuit diagram

fig .1

Block diagram

fig .2

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Work carried out

#include<Servo.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
#define led_1 3
#define led_2 5
#define led_3 6
#define light_sensor A0
#define ir_sensor A1
#define mode_1 A2// timer mode
#define mode_2 A3// sensor
mode int hh ,mm, ss;

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.init(); lcd.backlight();
delay(100);
Serial.println(" HAI STUDENTS
"); lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Welcome to smart");
lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(" street
light "); delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
pinMode(mode_1,INPUT);
pinMode(mode_2,INPUT);
pinMode(ir_sensor,INPUT);
pinMode(light_sensor,INPUT);
pinMode(led_1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(led_2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(led_3,OUTPUT);
def_set_time(); test();
}

void loop()
{ ss+=30;
if (ss==60)
{ ss=0;
mm++;
}

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if (mm==60)
{
mm=0;
hh++;
} if
(hh==24)

{ hh=
0; }
lcd.setCursor(4,0);
if (hh<10)
{
Serial.print("0");
lcd.print("0");
}
Serial.print(hh);
lcd.print(hh);
Serial.print(":"); lcd.print(":");
if (mm<10)
{
Serial.print("0");
lcd.print("0");
}
Serial.print(mm);
lcd.print(mm);
Serial.print(":"); lcd.print(":");
Serial.println(ss);
lcd.print(ss);

if(digitalRead(mode_1)==0)
{
//lcd.clear();
Serial.println("Timer mode activated");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" Timer Mode ");

if((hh==18) && (mm==00) &&(ss==0))

{ if(digitalRead(ir_sensor)==
0)
{
analogWrite(led_1,255);// lights on with 100% electric energy
analogWrite(led_2,255);// lights on with 100% electric energy
analogWrite(led_3,255);// lights on with 100% electric energy delay(10000);

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}
else
{
analogWrite(led_1,80);// lights on with 50% electric energy
analogWrite(led_2,80);// lights on with 50% electric energy analogWrite(led_3,80);//
lights on with 50% electric energy
}
}
else if((hh==6) && (mm==0) && (ss==0))
{
analogWrite(led_1,0);// light off
analogWrite(led_2,0);// light off analogWrite(led_3,0);//
light off
}
}
else if(digitalRead(mode_2)==0)
{
//lcd.clear();
Serial.println("sensor mode
activated"); lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" Sensor Mode ");
if(digitalRead(light_sensor)==1)
{
if(digitalRead(ir_sensor)==0)
{
analogWrite(led_1,255);// lights on with 100% electric energy
analogWrite(led_2,255);// lights on with 100% electric energy
analogWrite(led_3,255);// lights on with 100% electric energy delay(5000);
}
else
{
analogWrite(led_1,80);// lights on with 50% electric energy
analogWrite(led_2,80);// lights on with 50% electric energy analogWrite(led_3,80);//
lights on with 50% electric energy
}
}
else
{
analogWrite(led_1,0);// light off
analogWrite(led_2,0);// light off analogWrite(led_3,0);//
light off
}
}

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void def_set_time()
{ hh=8; mm=15;
} void test()
{ digitalWrite(led_1,1
);
digitalWrite(led_2,1);
digitalWrite(led_3,1);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(led_1,0);
digitalWrite(led_2,0);
digitalWrite(led_3,0);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(led_1,1);
digitalWrite(led_2,1);
digitalWrite(led_3,1);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(led_1,0);
digitalWrite(led_2,0);
digitalWrite(led_3,0);
delay(1000); }

Components
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1 . Arduino
2.IR SENSOR
3.LDR
4.LED
5.BREAD BOARD
6.LCD DISPLAY

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Components
Arduino uno

Arduino UNO Arduino is common term for a software company, project and user community that designs
and manufactures computer opensource hardware, open-source software and microcontrollerbased kits for
building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control physical devices. The project is
based on microcontroller board designs, produced by several vendors, using various microcontrollers.These
systems provide sets of digital and analog I/O pins that can interface to various expansion board (termed
shield) and other circuits. The board feature serial communication interfaces, including Universal Serial Bus
(USB) on some models, for loading programs from personal computers. For programming the
microcontrollers, the Arduino project provides an integrated development environment (IDE) based on a
programming language named processing, which also supports the languages, C and C++. The UNO is a
microcontroller board based on the ATmega228P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used
as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP
header and a reset button.

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IR SENSOR

IR Sensor Module has a pair of IR transmitter and the

receiver Diode, the infrared emitting tube emits certain frequency to encounters an obstacle detection
(reflecting surface), the emitted ray reflected back to the receiver tube on receiving a comparator circuit
process the frequency and the LED lights up, while the a digital signal output (a low-level signal) is
activated. The sensor can be adjusted with the help of potentiometer knob to adjust the detection
distance/range. The effective distance range of this sensor is 2 ~ 10cm working voltage of 3.3V-5V. Easy to
assemble, easy to use features, can be widely used robot obstacle avoidance, obstacle avoidance car
assembly line count and black-and-white line tracking and many other occasions.

LDR SENSOR

LDR The Sensor Module is used to detect the presence of light measuring the intensity of light. The output
of the module goes high in the presence of light and it becomes low in the absence of light. The sensitivity
of the signal detection can be adjusted using potentiometer.

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LCD DISPLAY

• LCD display module with Yellow Backlight

• SIZE : 20x4 (2 Rows and 16 Characters Per Row)
• Built-in industry standard HD44780 equivalent LCD controller
• Commonly Used in: Student Project, Collage,copiers, fax machines, laser printers, industrial test
equipment, networking equipment such as routers and storage devices
LED

LED stands for light emitting diode. LED lighting products produce light up to 90% more efficiently than
incandescent light bulbs.

An electrical current passes through a microchip, which illuminates the tiny light sources we call LEDs and
the result is visible light.

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RESULT

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`CONCLUSION
By referring all the results, it can be concluded that both hardware and software development of this
project meet the objective of design. A working prototype of street lighting automation system was
successfully built using Arduino Uno. Usage of IR sensor as the input gives energy saving to the
system since LED turn on only when there is movement from vehicles, thus, the usage of power
consumption by LED decreases. An automatic street light control and fault detection system with
cloud storage in this project, control the street light ON/OFF automatically depends on the weather
situation and we can easily identify the light faults in this system easily and also the system sends alert
message to the system room. About

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REFFRENCE
[1]. Automatic Street Lights On/Off Application Using IoT”, International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering & Technology (IJMET) Volume 8, Issue 8, August 2017, pp. 38–47, Article ID:
IJMET_08_08_005

[2]. Farah Ramadhani, and Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar, and Muham-Mad Gary Shafer. “Optimisation Of
Standalone Street Light System With Consideration Of Lighting Control”, IEEE, 2013.

[3]. ViswanathNaik.S, S.PushpaBai, Rajesh.P and Mallikarjuna Naik.B, IoT Based Green House
Monitoring System International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology
(IJECET), Volume 6, Issue 6, June (2015), pp. 45-47

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[4]. Dr. Kavitha, C. Ramesh Gorrepotu and NarendraSwaroop, “Advanced Domestic Alarms with IOT”,
International Journal of Electronics & Communication Engineering and Technology 7(5), 2016, pp. 77–
85.

[5]. KeniPrashanthet. “Automated street lighting system using IoT”. International Journal of Advance
Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology

[6]. Cho,S.K., and Dhingra, V. (2008). “Street Lighting Control Based on Lon Works Power Line
Communication”, IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications,
Jeju City, 2-4 April 2008, pp. 396- 398. The complete module of implemented Automatic Street Light
Control hardware module

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