2.

Solving Cubic Equation and Factorize Cubic Polynomial

To solve cubic equation ax3 + bx2 + cx +d = 0.

Input a, b, c, d, output: three roots (real/complex)
Casio fx-50FH, fx-50FH II (274 bytes)
MODE 6 1 Choose 1/2/3/4 2
2→A:?→A: ?→B: ?→C: ?→D: D→M: 24

(-) B┘(3A→B: BCM+:B3 − M┘(2A→M: 48

B2 − C┘(3A: √(M2 − Ans3M+:If Ans=Conjg( Ans: 71

Then 3√( M − 2Ans→C: 3√( M→M: 85

Else 3√( Abs( M ) )∠( 3−1arg( M→M: 100

Conjg( M→C: IfEnd:M + C + B→X◢ 1∠5!: 121

M ÷ Ans + B + CAns→Y◢ 3B − X − Ans→B ◢ 141

?→M: If M = 2:Then Y→M: X→Y: M→X: IfEnd: 165

If M = 3:Then B→M: X→B: M→X: IfEnd: 185

For 1→D To 3: 0nPr sin(AXr)^(10: M M-: Lbl 3: 210

1M+: sin(MXr)^(10Goto 3: M◢ (-)MX◢ 232

A M→A: If D=1: Then Y→X: A◢ (-)A(Y+B◢ 257

AYB◢ IfEnd: D=2  B→X: Next: A 274

Note: Conjg SHIFT , ∠ SHIFT (-)

arg SHIFT ( ! SHIFT x-1 SHIFT Ans 1

Example 1:
Solve x3 – 3x2 – 6x + 8 = 0 and factorize x3 – 3x2 – 6x + 8
Prog 1/2/3/4 Display Remark
1 EXE -3 EXE -6 EXE 8 EXE 4 First root is 4
EXE 1 Second root is 1
EXE -2 Third root is -2
EXE 1 EXE (or 2 EXE or 3 EXE) 1 Factorize using x–4
EXE -4 Factor x – 4
EXE 1
EXE 1
EXE -2 x2 + x – 2
EXE 1
EXE -1 (x – 1)
EXE 1
EXE 2 (x + 2)
EXE 1 (1) constant factor

x3 – 3x2 – 6x + 8 = 0 x = 4, 1 or –2
x3 – 3x2 – 6x + 8 = (x – 4)(x2 + x – 2) = (x – 4)(x – 1)(x + 2)(1)
x3 – 3x2 – 6x + 8 = (x – 1)(x2 – 2x – 8) = (x – 1)(x – 4)(x + 2)(1)
x3 – 3x2 – 6x + 8 = (x + 2)(x2 – 5x +4) = (x+2)(x – 1)(x – 4)(1)

Example 2:
Solve 4x3 + 2x2 + 6x + 18 = 0 and factorize 4x3 + 2x2 + 6x + 18.

x = −1.5, 0.5−1.658312395i or 0.5+1.658312395i

4x3 + 2x2 + 6x + 18 = (2x + 3)(2x2 − 2x + 6)
Example 3:
Solve x3 – 3x2 – x + 6 = 0 and factorize x3 – 3x2 – x + 6.
x = 2.302775638, 2 or −1.302775638
x3 – 3x2 – x + 6 = (x − 2)(x2 – x – 3)
Example 4:
Solve x3 − 3x2 + 3x − 1 = 0 and factorize x3 − 3x2 + 3x −1.
x = 1, 1 or 1.
x3 − 3x2 + 3x −1 = (x – 1)(x2–2x+1) = (x–1)(x–1)(x–1)(1)
Example 5:
Solve 2x3 + 8x2 + 10x + 4 = 0 and factorize 2x3 + 8x2 + 10x + 4.

x = −2, −1 or −1.
2x3 + 8x2 + 10x + 4 =(x + 2)(2x2+4x+2)=(x+2)(x+1)(x+1)(2)

2x3 + 8x2 + 10x + 4 = (x+1)(2x2+6x+4)=(x+1)(x+2)(x+1)(2)