HORMONE PRODUCED:

releasing and inhibiting hormones,

ENDOCRINE e.g., growth hormone‒releasing
hormone (GHRH) or growth
GLAND: hormone‒inhibiting hormone
(somatostatin)
TARGET TISSUE: anterior pituitary
hypothelamus FUNCTION: regulates the secretion
of anterior pituitary hormones

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE:

anterior pituitary mammary glands
HORMONE FUNCTION: stimulates
PRODUCED: breast development and
prolactin (PRL) milk production

TARGET TISSUE: bone, soft

ENDOCRINE GLAND: tissue
anterior pituitary FUNCTION: stimulates the
growth of bones and soft
HORMONE tissues;
PRODUCED: helps to control the metabolism
growth hormone (GH) of glucose and other fuel
molecules

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: thyroid

anterior pituitary gland
HORMONE FUNCTION: stimulates the
secretion of thyroid
PRODUCED: hormones
thyroid-stimulating and the growth of the
hormone (TSH) thyroid gland
ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE:
anterior pituitary adrenal cortex
HORMONE FUNCTION: stimulates
PRODUCED: the secretion of
adrenocorticotropic glucocorticoids by
hormone (ACTH) adrenal cortex

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: ovaries in

anterior pituitary females, testes in males
HORMONE FUNCTION: stimulates egg
growth and development, and
PRODUCED: the secretion of sex hormones
follicle-stimulating in females; stimulates sperm
hormone (FSH) production in males

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: ovaries

anterior pituitary in females, testes in males
FUNCTION: regulates
HORMONE ovulation in females and
PRODUCED: the secretion of sex
luteinizing hormone (LH) hormones in males

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE:

anterior pituitary melanocytes in the skin
HORMONE of some vertebrates
PRODUCED: FUNCTION: promotes
melanocyte-stimulating darkening of the skin
hormone (MSH)
ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE:
anterior pituitary pain pathways in the
HORMONE nervous system
PRODUCED: FUNCTION: inhibits
endorphins the perception of pain

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: kidneys

posterior pituitary FUNCTION: increases
HORMONE blood volume and
pressure by
PRODUCED: increasing water
antidiuretic hormone reabsorption in
(ADH) the kidneys

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: uterus,

posterior pituitary mammary glands
FUNCTION: promotes
HORMONE uterine contractions;
PRODUCED: stimulates milk
oxytocin release from the breasts

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: bones

thyroid FUNCTION: promotes
HORMONE uterine contractions;
PRODUCED: lowers the calcium
oxytocin concentration in the blood
ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: most
thyroid cells
HORMONE FUNCTION: increases
PRODUCED: the metabolic rate;
thyroxine and essential for normal
triiodothyronine body growth

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: uterus,

parathyroid mammary glands
HORMONE FUNCTION: raises the
PRODUCED: calcium concentration in
parathyroid hormone the blood; stimulates
(PTH) vitamin D activation

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE:

adrenal medulla receptor sites
HORMONE PRODUCED: throughout the body
epinephrine and FUNCTION: contributes
norepinephrine throughout to the body s responses
the body to stress

ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: kidney

adrenal cortex tubules
HORMONE FUNCTION: helps to control
the salt‒water balance in
PRODUCED: the body by increasing
aldosterone Na+ reabsorption and K+
(mineralocorticoid) excretion in the kidneys
ENDOCRINE GLAND: TARGET TISSUE: most body
cells, particularly muscle,
adrenal cortex liver, and adipose cells
HORMONE FUNCTION: increases the
PRODUCED: blood
glucose level by promoting
cortisol (glucocorticoid) breakdown of proteins and fats

TARGET TISSUE: brain, anterior

ENDOCRINE GLAND: pituitary gland, reproductive organs,
pineal gland immune system, and possibly
others
HORMONE FUNCTION: helps to synchronize
PRODUCED: the body s biological clock with day
length; may inhibit gonadotropins
melatonin and the initiation of puberty