UHLELO LWESINDEBELE

By Thabani Hilary Moyo

UKUHLELWA KWEMISINDO YENKULUMO

Imisindo yenkulumo uyehlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili:
(a) Onkamisa
(b) Ongwaqa

1. Onkamisa

Bahlanu onkamisa elimini lwesiNdebele ngo /a,e,i,o,u/. Amabala wonke esiNdebele

acina ngonkamisa.
1.1 Ukulumbana kwabonkamisa.
Ukulumbana kwabonkamisa kutsho ukuhlangana kwabo bebabili
bengonkamisamqoka abesebebumba unkamisa omutsha. Unkamisamqoka /a/
nguye oqalayo besekulandela. onkamisamqoka /a,i,u/. Laba onkamisa
bayalumbana babe sebebumba onkamisa abatsha /a,e,o/.
(i) Uma unkamisa /a/ elandelana lomunye unkamisa /a/ unkamisa odalwayo ngu /a/.
Isibonelo a- + -a > a
Sa- +- abantu  sabantu
Nga- + -abantu > ngabantu
Njenga- +- amanga > njengamanga
Kula- + -amanzi > kulamanzi
(ii) Uma unkamisa /a/ elandelwa ngunkamisa /i/ bayalumbana besekubunjwa u /e/.
Isibonelo a- +- i > -e
Ba- +- inja > benja
Sa- +- inkulumo > senkululeko
Njenga-+ -imbuzi > njengembuzi
Kula- + -imbambayila > kulembambayila
(iii) Uma unkamisa /a/ elandelwa ngunkamisa / u / balumbana besekubunjwa
unkamisa /o/
Isibonelo a- + -u > o
Ya- + -umntwana > yomntwana
Sa- + -umamazala > somamazala
Njenga- +- uSolobhoni  njengoSolobhoni
Nganga- +- udade > ngangodade

1.2 Ukungwaqazisa
Onkamisa bangaguquka babe ngonsingankamisa /w;y/. Lapha onkamisa bayabe
belandelana bebabili. Unkamisa wokuqala uyaguquka owesibili asale enjalo.

Izibonelo zokungwaqwazisa:

uu>ya ia>ya uo>wo ue>we

ue>ye

io>yo ao>wo ae>we

ou>wu

ou>yu uu>wu uawa

iahamba>yahamba uahamba>wahamba uena>wena

uona>wona uena>yena

uuphi>wuphi laubantu>lwabantu

2. Ongwaqa
(1) Ondebembili
Ngongwaqa abaphunyiswa (ababunjwa) ngezindebe zombili Laba ngo-
/b,bh,m,p,phmp,mb/
(2) Ondebezinyo
Ngongwaqa abaphunyiswa ngondebe lwangezansi kunye lamazinyo angenhla, labango
/f , mf,v,mv/.
(3) Olwangeni
Ngongwaqa abaphunyiswa nxa ulimi luphakeme lwathinta ulwanga olulukhuni kumbe
oluthambileyo. Abolwanga oluthambileyo bahlela uluhlu lwabosilakalaka, olwangeni ngo
/nj,j,ny,y,sh,tsh/, osilakalakeni ngo /k,kh,g,ng,kl,h/
(4) Onsinini
Ngongwaqa abaphunyiswa ngolimi lezinsini, inkothalimi ithinta izinsini, onsinini ngo
/t,th,d,dl,l,nhl,s,nz,q/
(5) Ongwaqabathwa
Ngongwaqa abaphunyiswa ngumoya ongena emlonyeni ngenkathi izitho zisehlukana
ngemva kokuwuswelisa ngesincindezelo solimi lesilakalaka, ngo /c,q,x nc; nq; nx; ngx;
ngc; ngq/
(6) Onsingankamisa
Yimisindo ephunyiswa ngenkathi amaphahla okuphumisa esondelelene, ngo/ w,y/:

Ukulandelana kwabongwaqa

Ongwaqa bayalandelana ngendlela ulimi olubahlela ngayo ngenjwayelo IsiNdebele

siyahlela kanje, / nj, nq, lw, ts, tsh, tshw, ntshw, kl, klw, nklw/ Kulezinye indlela
zokulandelana kwabongwaqa ezingahambelani lenjwayelo yolimi kube sekusiba
lenguquko eziba khona nxa imisindo ilandelana nxele ibizwe ithiwe yikulwangisa,
ukudebezisa, ukunsininiza, ukulakazisa. Imisindo iyabe ilandelane yaba minengi
kodwa ibe isiphinyiswa yizitho ezinengi besekufuneka ukuthi iphinyiswe liphahla linye
lezitho endaweni eyodwa.
Ukulwangisa
Ukulwangisa yikuphumisa imisindo ebe iqale ingekho elwangeni isiguqulelwa
olwangeni. Imisindo `iguquka yonke ibe ngolwangeni. Ngenkathi inguquko isenzakala
imisindo iyabe ilandelana ngale mikhuba, /bw/mw phw by ly dy my mpw mbw/,.
iphunyiswa isiguquke yaba ngo /tsh ny ntsh dl j nj/.
Ingubo- + -ana  ingutshana
Umlomo- + -ana  umlonyana
Impupu- + -ana  imputshana
Ithole- + -ana  ithodlana
Idada- + -ana  idajana
Inkabi- +- ana  inkatshana
Imbambo- + -ana  imbanjana
Omankankane
Umankankane wenza kube lezinguquko ezinengi nxa ehlangana labanye ongwaqa.
Amaxukwana alandelayo ayaguquka :
/nm nb nl nh nth mph nkh/
Nanmu > nangu nanmu > nanku
Nanmi > nansi nanba > nampa
Inkhosi  inkosi izinhambo > izinkambo
Inthombi > intombi imphumela > impumela
Inkhosi > inkosi
Uhlelo lwesiNdebele
Uhlelo lwesiNdebele lungalandelaniswa ngale indlela:
Usobizo: Ibizo, Isabizwana
Isichasiso: Isiphawulo, Isibaluli, Ubumnini, Inani
Isilandiso: Isenzo, Isibanjalo
Isikhanyiso: Isandiso, Isenzukuthi
Isibabazo
Isihlanganiso
Usobizo-(a) ibizo, umuntu, ukudla, phandle, muva, kude, uMthiyane (b) isabizwana
soqobo yena, khona, bona, mina, thina, yona, wona, (c) isabizwana sokukhomba; lo
lowo lowayana le leyo leya papha lapho laphaya
(d) Isabizwana senani, wonke, konke, wedwa, yedwa, kodwa, sodwa, zodwa
Isichasiso – (a) isiphawulo, omuhle okubi, okuluthwane, omncane
(b) Isibaluli, olula, okulamafutha, ofundisisileyo, esimnyama
(c) Ubumnini, wakhe, yayo, kwakhe, yakhe, kagogo, sikamama
(d) Inani, bani, wuphi, kuphi, ziphi, siphi, yiphi
Isilandiso – isenzo, hamba, uyapheka, wahlanya, izobonakaka, sebedinene, uningilizile
Isibanjalo – ngumuntu, yibo, nguwuphi, yiyiphi, ngohambayo, ngesimyma
Isenzukuthi- lothu, lwazi, bani, khehlelele, wathalala
Isikhanyiso – Isandiso, kalula, kubi, okolwandle, ngokwakhe, ntambama
Isenzukuthi – tshu, gebhu, nke, nya, ndzwe, nyamalali, vumbulukiyane
Isibabazo- maye babo! Yeyi wena! Nkosi yami! Basidilizela! Angisela sitendi! Baba, nk
Isihlanganiso- kanti, yena, belo, ngoba, kumbe, futhi, nonam, ukuba, hlezi, ngahle.
Imibuzo
1. Balisisa amagama alandelayo uwahlele kahle ulandela lesi sixwayiso
Wehlukanise kabili
(i) alobonkamisa kumele balandelane
(ii) alabonkamisa okungamelanga belandelane
a) Chasisa ukuthi kungani belandelana?
b) Chasisa ukuthi kungani bengamelanga balendelane?
c) Kwenzakalani nxa bengamelanga belendelane?
d) Chasisa inguquko ebakhona uyibonise?
uAmukeleni iayini bayaelula

uadlala ngaueni laizimvu

saidobha ngailo eumkhukhuini
bayaosa ukuona ukueboleka
2. Baqambe ukuthi ongwaqa abalandelayo bayini ngempimiso yilimi.
dl hl ny nj k
h
f mf b m x q
3. Ongwaqa abalandelayo bayamhlupha umfundi okhuluma isiNdebele;
a) ngenxa yani?
b) kuyini okungenzakala kubo ukuze angahlupheki umfundi? Chasisa kuhle
ngokugcweleyo.
ly by my
dy
 mw bw pw
mpw
nm nl nh
ld
dg bg kgb

IBIZO

Ibizo ligama lento esilakho ukuyibona sibuye siyithinte kumbe esingelakho ukuyithinta
loba ukuyibona e.g. Isihlalo, umuntu, umoya, uthando.
Ibizo libunjwa ngezakhi ezimbalwa 1. Isiqalo 2. Isiqu. 3. Isijobelelo, kazibi khona zonke
sikhathi sinye ebizweni.

Iziqalo zamabizo

Isigaba Iziqalo
1 umu-um-
1a u-
2 aba- abe-
2a o-
3 umu- um-
 4 imi-
5 ili -i
6 ama-
7 isi-is-
8 izi -iz
9 iN-
10 IziN-
11 ulu-u
12 -
13 -
14 ubu-u
15 uku-uk-ukw-
16 pha-
17 ku- iziqalo zezandiso
18 ma

Okumele kunqatshelwe
1. Loba iziqalo zezigaba 1 zifanana xathu lezesigaba 3, ukhona umahluko.
emabizweni, amabizo esigaba 1 akhomba abantu, kuthi akasigaba 3 akhomba
izinto hatshi abantu.

2. Kusigaba 1a inengi lamabizo atholakala lapha likhomba abantu, kodwa akhona

akhomba izinto ezithile. Izibonelo zalezizinto: uthekwane, onogwala.

3. Amagama ezigaba 9 lo 10 aleziqalo ezilo –N omkhulu esimbiza ngokuthi

ungumankankane, u-m-; lo – n.

4) Izigaba 16,17 lo 18 yiziqalo zezandiso.

Izigaba 12 lo 13 azikho iziqalo ehlelweni lwesizulu lesiNdebele.

Imihlobo yamabizo
Amabizo ahlelwe ngemihlobo elandelayo, amabizo qho, amabizo nto, amabizo muntu,
amabizo mfakela kanye lamabizo mbaxa.
(a) Amabizoqho: Ngamabizo ezigaba 1a, 2a, 5 Awabantu, izibongo zabo, izindawo,
imifula kumbe izintaba. Abonakala ngofeleba ekuqaleni kwesiqu sebizo:
uMnengezi, uZitha, iGweru, uGwayi, iNtabazinduna, uMthiyane, iMelika,
iNgilandi.
(b) Amabizomuntu: ngamabizo akhomba abantu abahlukeneyo lemisebenzi yabo.
Umelaphi, ababazi, umongikazi, umtshumayeli, umelusi, umbalisi.
(c) Amabizonto: ngamagama ezinto, avame ukwakhiwa evela ezenzweni; uhambo,
uthando, umcabango, inkulumo
(d) Amabizombaxa/Amabizongxube: ngamabizo ahlanganisa izakhi loba incezu
ezinengi ukubumba ibizo elilodwa.
Unobantu, usodibha, ichithamuzi, umsilabhuntu, uVusumuzanyana,
uNtombiyejele.
(e) Amabizomfakela : ngamagama avela kwezinye izindimi
ukutshena, isiketi, ikhompuyutha, ibhuku, ijele, iwindi, isitulo, isiturobho

Ukwakhiwa kwamabizo
Kulesi sifundo sizakhangela ukwakhiwa kwamabizo. Kuqakathekile ukuba umfundi
aqambe qho izakhi ezakha lelo bizo athe walibetha.
1. Ukwakhiwa kwamabizonje
Amabizonje akhiwa ngesiqalo kanye lesiqu.
Izibonelo
(a) umuntu> umu+-ntu
(b) umu-isiqalo sebizo
-ntu isiqu sebizo
(b) isisu > isi- + -su
isi- isiqalo sebizo
- su isiqu sebizo
2. Ukwakhiwa kwamabizoqho
Amabizo qho akhiwa ngesiqalo sebizo kanye lesiqu. Ingxenye eyisiqu ilakho ukuba
ngolunye ucezu lwenkulumo lwesiNdebele.
Izibonelo
(a) uSikhunyana > u+ isikhunyana
 u- isiqalo sebizo
isikhunyana isinciphiso esilahla unkamisa /-i/ wesiqalo. Ungwaqa wokuqala /s/
uguquke waba ngufeleba.
(b) Ulizwe > u + ilizwe
u- isiqalo sebizo
ilizwe -ibizonje elihlala unkamisa wokuqala kuthi ungwaqa wokuqala uguquke
waba ngufeleba.
(c) uZama> u + zama
u- isiqalo sebizo
-Zama -isiqu sebizo
Amabizoqho akhiwe ngezakhi thize
(a) uNokuthula> u + no+ ukuthula
u- isiqalo sebizo
no-isakhi sebizo umama
ukuthula – isenzo esisabizo esilahla unkamisa wokuqala /u/
(b) uSobantu > u+so+ abantu
u- isiqalo sebizo
- so isakhi sebizo ubaba
abantu- ibizo nje elilahla unkamisa wokuqala
(c) uMaNcube > u+ma + Ncube
u-isiqalo sebizo
ma-isakhi sebizo esikhomba owesifazana oyendileyo.
Ncube-isiqu sebizo

Ukwakhiwa kwamabizomuntu
Amabizomuntu imvama ngakhiwe ngesiqalo sebizo, umsuka wesenzo kanye lesijobelelo
esiyisakhi sebizo. Izakhi lezi kungaba ngu /-i/ kumbe /-e/.
2.1.1 Izibonelo
(a) umongi >um + onga + i
um- isiqalo sebizo
 onga- isiqu sesenzo esiba ngumsuka ngokulahla unkamisa /-a/
-i isijobelelo
Ukwakhiwa kwamabizonto
Amabizonto akhiwa ngesiqalo sebizo, umsuka kanye lesijobelelo.
2.1.2 Izibonelo
(a) umbuzo >um + buza + o
Um- isiqalo sebizo
buza- isiqu sesenzo esilahla unkamisa wokicina
- o isijobelelo esiyisakhi sebizo
(b) umcabango> um + cabanga + o
um-isiqalo sebizo
cabanga – isiqu sesenzo esilahla unkamisa wokucina
- o isijobelelo esiyisakhi sebizo

Amabizomfakela
Amabizomfakela akhiwa ngesiqalo sebizo lesiqu solunye ulimi olungasisiNdebele
esithatha amalunga esiNdebele.
2.1.3 Izibonelo
(a) ijele > + i + jele (jail)
i-isiqalo sebizo
Jele-isiqu sebizo
(b) Ipenseli> i + ipenseli (pencil)
i-isiqalo sebizo
- Peniseli-isiqu sebizo

Imibuzo
1. (a) Khetha amabizo enkulumeni elandelayo. Beka obala ukuthi kungani usithi
ngamabizo.
“Ingandamula lamsukela uVinositotovisthi lamhlala
Lamjuqula inkinobho eyaye ilokhu isithi bani bani
 enkiphalwazi. Isijindana sakhe sevinositi sathi juqu laso
ngoba sasivele sibotshelwe enkinobheni ngezintambo
Zelivitsho abalezibiza abanikazi besithi “intilisibhanti”
Lalingasangeneki okwamanje igandamula”
2. Ibizo lisetshenziswa njani emitshweni?
Bhala izibonelo ezinhlanu zomsebenzi munye ngamuye kuleyo oyiqambileyo
3. Bhala phansi zonke iziqalo zamabizo uzehlukanise kahle. Phana izibonelo
zamabizo
4. Ngamabizo mhlobo bani la? Nxa esekuphica buyela esahlukweni sesibili
udingisise.
Umsilabhuntu ukukwana ipenseli
Isitorobho ichithamanzi ikhandlela
Umcabango umongikazi unompembe
Akhiwe njani ngalinye?
5. Bala imitsho elandelayo uphendule imibuzo elandelayo.
a) Onompembe abasenelisi ukuphatha kahle imidlalo.
b) Amantombazana akulezi insuku kasathembakalanga.
c) Abadlali benguqu abaqinanga.
d) Ukelvin uthanda uSibongile.
e) Inja kaDube ibambe umvundla yabuya yamekela ngoba ingelawo amazinyo.
i) Yimihlobo bani yamabizo?
ii) Akhiwe njani?
iii) Asebenze njani?

ISINCIPHISO

Isinciphiso ligama elakhelwa phezu kwebizo ngokusebenzisa isakhi soukunciphisa /-

ana/.
Isinciphiso ligama elingakhomba okukodwa kwalokhu okulandelayo:

1. Into incinyane nxa ilinganiswa lenye.

Isibonelo: isihlahla > isihlahlana iphepha> iphetshana
2. Into elutshwane ngenani nxa ilinganiswa lenye.
Isibonelo: insuku > insukwana amanzi > amanzana
3. Okuncinyane ngobudala. Indoda > indodana
4. Singachaza ukweyisa.
Isibonelo: indoda > indojelana ixhegu > ixhegwana

Sonake isinciphiso sibonakala ngesijobelelo saso u-ana.

1. Ukwakhiwa kwezincipho emabizweni acina ngonkamisa a,e,i

Isibonelo: isitshana – isitsh (a) + ana ilitshana – ilitsh (e) + ana
N.B. Okuvelayo yikuba isakhi sithatha indawo kankamisa wokucina webizo.
2. Emabizweni acina ngonkamisa –o lo –u
Lapha unkamisa wokucina asimlahli kodwa siyamngwaqanisa
abengusingankamisa (w) basese jobelela u-ana-

Isibonelo:
Ilihlo + ana  ilihlwana indlu + ana indlwana
Ixolwana
ixolo + ana  ixodlwana
umuntu + ana  umntwana
N.B Esikunanzelelayo yikuba lapho onkamisa sebelandelana unkamisa webizo uguquka
abe ngunsingankamisa /-w/
Nanzelela akhona amagama acina ngonkamisa /- u/ kodwa angadingi ukuthi kubelokungwaqazisa
ekucineni. Wonake ngamagama alongwaqa /–f,v / elungeni lokucina.
Lapha ke unkamisa wokucina webizo uyasuswa besesijobelela u/-ana/
Isibonelo
isif(u) + ana > isifana
Amahlamvana
- amahlamv(u) + ana > amahlamvana
Ukwakhiwa kwezinciphiso emabizweni alongwaqa /-1/ elungeni lokicina
Lapha sithola ukuthi uma ibizo lilongwaqa /– 1/ elungeni lokucina, angacinwa
lowongwaqa loba eguqulwe abe ngu- dl sibesesejobelela u-ana. Singwaqazisa njalo
unkamisa webizo abe ngusingankamisa –w-.

Isibonelo:
– inqol(a) + ana > inqolana
– umful (a) + ana > umfulana
umsila + > umsilana
umsila + ana  umsidlana
kumbe : inqo (a) + ana  inqodlana
kumbe: umful(a) + ana
ikhala + ana > ikhalana
ikhala + ana  ikhadlana

Ukwakhiwa kwezinciphiso ngokulwangisa

Nxa sisakha izinciphiso kukhona amabizo lapho okusuka khona kudaleke ukulwangiswa
kwamalunga alabonsinini labondebembili abatholakala elungeni lokucina
3.1.1 Izibonelo
(a) Imphuphu + ana > Imphuphwana > imputshana
Imphuphu – Ibizonje
-ana – isakhi sokucina
phw > tshw – ukulwangisa
unsingankamisa/w/ uyalahlwa

(b) idada + ana > idadyana > idajana

dy >j
idada- ibizonje
ana- isakhi sokunciphisa
 dy>jy ukulwangisa
unsingankamisa /y/ uyalahlwa
Imibuzo
1 Bala imitsho elandelayo ubusuphendula imibuzo ngayo.
a) Isikhadlana lesi sincane kakhulu.
b) Umlungwana lo uyadelela kakhulu.
c) Izudlwana lalonyaka lina lidonda.
d) Bona imadlana ephiwa izisebenzi.
e) Amabandla ezepolitiki abambane amaphambidlana.
(i) Tshengisa ubuye uchasise ukwakhiwa kwezinciphiso lezi.
(ii) Mqondo bani olethwa yilezi izinciphiso?

ISABIZWANA

Isabizwana lucezu lwenkulumo olusebenza okufana lebizo. Isabizwana nguSobizo.

Isabizwana sidedelana lebizo emutshweni. Sithatha indawo yebizo elithile, silimele lelo
bizo enkulumeni.

Isabizwana siyimihlobo emine.

a) Isabizwana soqobo.
b) Isabizwana sokukhomba.
c) Isabizwana senani.
d) Isabizwana sokuchasisa.

Isabizwana Soqobo
Isabizwana soqobo sakhiwa ngesiqalo sesabizwana lesiqu. Isiqalo sesabizwana sakhiwa
ngesivumelwana senhloko besekulandela isakhi sesabizwana /e/kumbe/-o/.

Isigaba Isivumelwano Isakhi Isiqu soqobo Isabizwana

 Senhloko soqobo

1 u + e + na > yena
2 ba + o + na > bona
3 u + o + na > wona
4 i + o + na > yona
5 li + o + na > lona
6 a + o + na > wona
7 si + o + na > sona
8 zi + o + na > zona
9 i + o + na > yona
10 zi + o + na > zona
11 lu + o + na > lona
14 bu + o + na > bona
15 ku + o + na > khona

Esikuphawulayo.

 Lapho isivumelwano senhloko kungunkamisa ozimele yedwa uyangwaqaziswa abe

ngusingankamisa
Izibonelo
(a) i + o + na > yona
(b) a + o + na > wona

 Lapho isivumelwano senhloko kungungwaqa lonkamisa, unkamisa udela isakhi

sesabizwana sithathe indawo yakhe.
Izibonelo
zi + o + na > zona
ba + o + na > bona
li + o + na>lona
NB: Abafundi bakhululekile ukuba bathathe indlela emfitshane yokubumba isabizwana
soqobo.
Isibonelo
Zona  zo + na
Zo – isiqalo sesabizwana
-na- isiqu sesabizwana soqo
4.1.1 Ukusetshenziswa kwesabizwana soqobo
1. Singasetshenziswa sibengumenzi loba inhloko yomutsho.
Izibonelo
Yena uyancweba kakhulu.
Zona Zaluma umfana kaMoyo.
2. Singasetshenziswa sibengumenziwa emutshweni.
Izibonelo
Umbalisi utshaye yena kakhulu.
Uhleka bona laba abawileyo.
3. Singalandelana lezinye izabizwana
Isibonelo

Ngifuna bona laba bodwa

Isabizwana sokukhomba
Isabizwana sokukhomba sikathathu.
i) Singakhomba into elapha, kumbe eseduze lomuntu okhulumayo.
ii) Singakhomba into elapho, kumbe ebucwadlana kulowo okhulumayo
(ebuqamama).
iii) Singakhomba into elaphaya, kumbe ekhatshana lalowo okhulumayo (ekude).
4.1.2 Ngakho sithi:
a) Isabizwana sokukhomba eduze.
b) Isabizwana sokukhomba buqamama.
c) Isabizwana sokukhomba kude.
Ukwakhiwa kwesabizwana sokukhomba eduze
Isabizwana sokukhomba eduze sakhiwa ngesakhi sokukhomba /La/-lesiqalo sebizo
Hlola lokhu okulandelayo
Isigaba isakhi Isiqalo Isabizwana sokukhomba eduze
Sokukhomba sebizo
1 La- + umu- > Lo
2 La- + aba- > Laba
3. La- + umu- > Lo
4. La- + imi- > Le
5. La- + ili- > Leli
6. La- + ama- > La
7. La- + isi- > Lesi
8 La- + izi- > Lezi
9 La + iN- > Le
10 La + iziN > Lezi
11 La- + ulu > Lolu
12 La- + ubu > lobu
13 La- + uku > Lokhu
Esikuphawulayo

 Lapho isakhi sokukhomba sihlangana lesiqalo sebizo onkamisa basuka balandelane

okusuka kudale isidingo sokuba balumbane badale unkamisa omutsha.
Isibonelo
La+ ili > Leli
Unkamisa /-a/ ulumbane lonkamisa /i/ badala unkamisa omutsha u/-e/

 Lapho isiqalo silomankankane /m,n/ ingxenye elomankankane iyalahlwa lokhu

kungasuka kudale isabizwana esilunganye kwezinye izigaba.

Isibonelo

La+u(mu) > Lo
Ingxenye /-mu/ ilahliwe

Ukwakhiwa kwesabizwana sokukhomba buqamama

Isabizwana esikhomba buqamama sakhelwa phezu kwesabizwana esikhomba eduze
ngokujobelela izakhi zokukhomba buqamama u/-o/

4..1.4 Izibonelo
(a) Lo + o > lo + w +o > lowo
La + o > la + w + o > Lawo
(b) Le + o > Leyo >Le + y +o > Leyo
Laba + o > Labo
Leli + o >Lelo
NB: Lapho isabizwana esikhomba eduze silunganye siyagaxelisa /w/ kumbe /y/ phakathi
laphakathi kwabonkamisa.
Ukwakhiwa kwesabizwana esikhomba kude
Isabizwana sokukhomba kude sakhelwa phezu kwesokukhomba eduze ngokujobelela
izakhi zokukhomba kude yilesi:
- ya (na) – Isakhi esisebenza izabizwana ezilamalunga amabili ezilunga, nye zibe
zicina ngonkamisa /-e/
- waya (na) – Isikhathi esisebenza lezabizwana ezilunganye njalo zicina
ngonkamisa /- a/ kumbe /-o/.
Kukhona abathi lapho bekhuluma bajobelele u /-na/ kube abanye abamjobeleli
Izibonelo
Leli + ya (na) > Leliyana
Laba + ya (na) > labayana/ labayana
Le + ya(na) >Leya/ Leyana

Isabizwana Senani
Isabizwana senani sakhiwa ngesiqalo lesiqu senani
Iziqu zenani
Iziqu zenani ziyimihlobo emithathu. Nansi.
- nke: isiqu esitsho konke, esigoqelayo.
- dwa, isiqu esitsho ukuphela kwento.
- bili-thathu ne-hlanu-iziqu ezitsho ukubala/ ezibalayo.

Isabizwana senani esiqwini-nke

Sakhiwa ngesivumelwano senhloko lesakhi sesabizwana besesijobelela isiqu /-nke/
Isivumelwano
senhloko Isakhi isiqu Isabizwana
Okhulumayo si + o + nke > sonke
Okhuluma laye u + o + nke > wonke
li + o + nke > lonke
Isigaba 1 u + o + nke > wonke
2 ba + o + nke > bonke
3 u + o + nke > wonke
4 i + o + nke > yoni
5 li + o + nke > lonke
6 a + o + nke > wonke
7 si + o + nke > sonke
8 zi + o + nke > zonke
9 i + o + nke > yonke
10 zi + o + nke > zonke
11 lu + o + nke > lonke
14 bu + o + nke > bonke
15 ku + o + nke > konke

Esikuphawulayo
 Lapho isivumelwano senhloko kungunkamisa ozimele yedwa uyangwaqaziswa lapho
ehlangana lesakhi abe ngunsingankamisa.
Izibonelo
u + o + nke > wonke
a + o + nke > wonke
i + o + nke > yonke

 Lapho isivumelwano senhloko singungwaqa lonkamisa, unkamisa udedela isakhi /-o/

Izibonelo
li + o+nke> Lonke
ba+ o + nke > bonke
lu + o + nke > lonke
Isabizwana senani esiqwini – dwa
Isabizwana senani sakhiwa ngesivumelwano senhloko lesakhi sesabizwana besesijobelela
isiqu /-dwa/.
N.B Iziqalo zenani ezibunjwa lapha ziyahambelana leziqu /-nke/ ngaphandle kwesigaba
sokhulumayo ubunye, okukhulunywa laye ubunye lesigaba 1
Kuzigaba ezibethiweyo isakhi sesabizwana ngu /-e/

Isivumelwano Isakhi Isiqu Isabizwana

Senhloko sesabizwana senani
Okhulumayo ngi + e + dwa > ngedwa
si + o + dwa > sodwa
Okhuluma laye u + e + dwa > wedwa
li + o + dwa > lodwa
Isigaba 1 u + e + dwa > yedwa
2 ba + o + dwa > bodwa
3 u + o + dwa > wodwa

N.B Kusiyaphambili iziqalo sezifana leziqu /-nke/.

Isabizwana senani eziqwini ezibalayo
Iziqu ezibalayo zisebenza kuzigaba ezikhomba ubunengi ngoba iziqu lezi kazigoqeli
ubunye. Kungakho – ke kuzigaba ezikhomba ubunye kasilazo izabizwana zenani ezivela
kuziqu zokubala.
Isabizwana senani kuziqu ezibalayo sakhiwa ngesivumelwano senhloko, isakhi
sesabizwana, isivumelwano sesiphawulo kanye lesiqu.
Hlola olulandeyo
Isigaba Isivumelwano Isakhi isivumelwano isiqu isabizwana
Senhloko sesabizwana sesiphawulo senani
1 - - - - -
2 ba + o + aba + bili > bobabili
3 - - - + - - - - -
4 i + o + emi + bili > yomibili
5 - - - + - - - - -
6 a + o + ama + bili > womabili
7 - - - + - + - - -
8 zi + o + ezi + bili > zombili
9 - - - - - - - -
10 zi + o + eziN - bili > zombili
14 bu + o + obu - bili > bobubili
15 ku + o + oku - bili > kokubili
4.1.8 Esikuphawulayo

 Isivumelwano senhloko lesakhi sesabizwana kubumba isiqalo sesabizwana.

Izibonelo
ba + o > bo-
a + o > wo-
zi + o > zo-
Kungakho-ke abafundi balakho ukuthi bathi isabizwana senani sakhiwa ngesiqalo
sesabizwana, isivumelwano sesiphawulo lesiqu senani.
Izibonelo
bo + aba + bili > bobabili
zo + ezimbili > zombili
wo + ama + bili > womabili

 Lapho onkamisa belandelana omunye unkamisa uyeqiwa.

Izibonelo
b (a) + o (a)ba + bili > bobabili.
z (i) o + (c) zi + bili> zimbili.

 Lapho isivumelwano senhloko kungunkamisa ozimele yedwa uyaguquka

abengunsingankamisa lapho ehlangana lesakhi sesabizwana.
Izibonelo
i + o+ emi + bili > yomibili
a + o +ama + bili > womabili

 Kuzigaba 8 lo 10 kubakhona ukunkankaziswa kweziqu besekusithi isivumelwano

sesiphawulo seqiwe.
Izibonelo
zi + o + ezimbili > zombili
zi + o + eziN + thathu > zonthathu
Onkamisa bengalandelana oyedwa uyaphuma atshiyele omunye indawo njengokuti
unkamisa e uphumile ewatshiyela u o indawo.

Isabizwana Sokuchasisa
Isichasiso singaze sandulele ibizo kumbe sizimele sodwa emutshweni ibizo lingekho
siguquka sibe yisabizwana sokuchasisa.
Izibonelo
Omkhulu umfana uhambile
Isibonelo
Umutsho ungaswela ibizo isichasiso siguquka sibe yisabizwana sokuchasisa. Isibonelo
Omkhulu uhambile

Imibuzo
1 Isichasiso sisetshenziswe njani enkulumeni elandelayo?
Isilwane esethusayo sethuse abafana abanye esibethuse ngeviki ephelileyo.
Abafana abangamagwala bahle baquleka khona lapho. Ngomfitshane kuphela
 ohle wacatsha ngesixukwana. Omunye ubaleke njengolulwane ngale
kwesixukukazi.
2. Bala ngokuchophelela le mitsho.
Bobabili bathanda umdlalo wenguqu.
Amasotsha wonkulungwane abetshisa imikhukhu.
Yomihlanu idilikile imizi yezinswelandawo.
Yona imizi idilikile.
a. Ayini amagama adwetshweleyo?
b. Akhiwe njani?
(c) Asesetshenziswe njani emitshweni?
3. Akhiwe njani la amagama? Nguquko bani eba khona nxa iziqalo leziqu zawo
zilandelana. Yenziwa yini?
Uona uena baona siona
Kuona
4. Lezi izabizwana zoqobo zingabe zakhiwe zisukela phi?
Mina thina wena
Lina yena bona
5. Bala imitsho elandelayo ubusuphendula imibuzo ngayo.
a) UMaPhuthi yena usekhulile.
b) Wayebadinga bobahlanu abafana.
c) Inkomo zonke lezi zizabulawa yindlala.
d) Loba abantwana abahloniphi.
e) Zombili izalukazi zilahlekile.
i) Yimihlobo bani yezabizwana le?
ii) Chasisa ukuba yakhiwe njani?
iii) Isetshenziswe njani emitshweni?
 ISICHASISO
SIYINI ISICHASISO?

Lizananzelela ukuba ezifundweni zohlelo sesikhangele incezu zenkulumo ezithi ibizo kanye
lesabizwana. Lapho sesithe sabetha Usobizo (ibizo kumbe isabizwana) okulandelayo yikuba
simchaze sisebenzisa isichasiso. Isichasiso ligama elisebenza ukuchaza USOBIZO njalo
limlandela emutshweni. Isichasiso singaze sandulele usobizo siyaguquka sibe yisabizwana
sokuchasisa.

Izibonelo

Inkazana encane ithanda izinto.

Lona elikhulu labethusa.

Abantwana babo sebedelela.

Amagama /encane, elikhulu, babo / alandela oSobizo njalo asebenze ukubachasisa kungako-ke
ayisichasiso.

Imihlobo yezichasiso
Isichasiso silemihlobo emine ethi;

Isiphawulo.

Isibaluli.

Ubumnini.

Inani.

UKWAKHIWA KWESICHASISO
Isivumelwano sesichasiso
Isichasiso sakhiwe ngesivumelwano kanye lesiqu. Lapho kungekho ingxenye ebizwa
isivumelwano akukho ukuvumelana phakathi kukaSobizo lesiqu sesichasiso.

Isibonelo

Umfana – fitshane ubalekile.

/Om-/ yiyo ingxenye ebizwa luthiwe yisivumelwano, eletha ukuvumelana phakathi kwebizo
lesichasiso.

Isiphawulo
(a) Isivumelwano sesiphawulo

Lapha umfundi kumele analise ukubumba isivumelwano sesiphawulo kumele aqale azi izigaba
zamabizo lamabizo.

Isakhi sokuchasisa + isiqalo sebizo = isivumelwano sesiphawulo

Isigaba Isakhi Isiqalo Isivumelwano

 Sokuchasisa sebizo sesiphawulo

1 a + umu- = omu-

2 a + aba- = aba-

3 a + umu- = omu-

4 a + imi- = emi-

5 a + ili- = eli-

6 a + ama- = ama-

7 a + isi- = esi-

8 a + izi- = ezi-

9 a + iN- = eN-

10 a + iziN- = eziN-

11 a + ulu- = olu-

12 - - -

13 - -

14 a + ubu- = obu-

15 a + uku- = oku-

Isakhi sokuchasisa sihlangana lesiqalo sebizo kusuka kuncikane kudale ukuba onkamisa laba
balumbane badale unkamisa omutsha.

Iziqu zesiphawulo
Iziqu zesiphawulo zilutshwana esiNdebeleni. Zilitshumi lanhlanu (15)

Nanzi:

-nye -bili -thathu -ne -hlanu

- hle -bi -de -fitshana

-tsha-dala khulu-ncane -nengi -ngaka

Abafundi abakunanzelele ukuba iziqu zesiphawulo zilakho ukuvela sezincitshisiwe Kumbe

njalo sezikhulisiwe.

Izibonelo

- bana -hlana - tshana; –hlekazi;-ncanekazi

- ncanyana - khudlwana - dana; – dalakazi;- dekazi

Isichasiso Sesibaluli
Isichasiso sesibaluli sakhiwa ngesivumelwano kanye lesiqu

Ngomunye umhlobo wesichasiso, sisebenza ukuchaza usobizo emutshweni, njalo kumele

silandele usobizo esimchazileyo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukwakhiwa kwesibaluli:
Isibaluli sakhiwa ngesivumelwano sesibaluli langesiqu sesibaluli.

Ukwakhiwa kwezivumelwano zesibaluli: zakhiwa ngesakhi sesichasiso u–/a-/ leziqalo

zamabizo. Unkamisa /–a-/ oyisakhi ulumbana lonkamisa wokuqala wesiqalo sebizo kudaleke
unkamisa omutsha. Omankankane lakho konke okulandelayo. Kuyasuswa lapho kuyingxenye
yesiqalo kuyalahlwa.

Isakhi Iziqalo izivumelwano

Izigaba Sokuchasisa zamabizo zesibaluli

1 a + u (mu) > o

2 a + aba- > aba

3 a + u (mu) > o-

4 a + i (mi) > e-

5 a + ili- > eli-

6 a + ama- > a-

7 a + isi- > esi-

8. a + izi- > ezi-

9 a + i(N) > e-

10 a + iziN- > ezi-

11 a + ulu- > olu-

14 a + ubu- > obu-

15 a + uku- > oku-

N.B Sinanzelela ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwezivumelwano zesibaluli lesiphawulo kuyafana.

Umehluko yikuthi kuzivumelwano zesibaluli omankankane lokulandelayo kuyalahlwa, kodwa
kuzivumelwano zesiphawulo omankankane lokulandelayo kuyagcinwa

Iziqu zesibaluli: iziqu lezi yizo ezihlanganiswa lezivumelwano zesibaluli ezilotshwe ngaphezulu.

Nantu uhlelo lweziqu ezilokusetshenziswa lezivumelwano zesibaluli.

(a) Iziqu zomdabu loba ezemvelo.

-qotho

- ngcono

- mnandi

- qatha

(b) Iziqu ezikhomba imibala

- mhlophe

- mnyama

- nsundu

- mdubu

(c) Zingasetshenziswa leziqu zamabizo

- makhaza

- buhlungu

- buthundu

Ezinye iziqu zesibaluli zilakho ukusetshenziswa lesakhi sesinciphiso ngemva kokulwangisa

ondebembili labonsinini.

Izibonelo

Inkomo emhlotshana ngeyakithi

a + in + mhlophe + ana > emhlotshana

undebembili u/-ph-/ ulwangiswe waba ngulwangeni u/-tsh-/unkamisa wokucina u/-e-/ walahlwa,

kwajotshelelwa isijobelelo sesinciphiso u-/ana-/.

(d) Izivumelwano zesibaluli zingasetshenziswa leziqu zesenzo zinjalo , silakho ukujobelela,

isijobelo u-yo

- sebenza

- hola

- pheka

- dlala

Izibonelo

1. Abantwana bathanda umuntu oholayo.

 a + u(mu) + hola + yo > oholayo

2. Umfana ophekayo ukhuthele.

a + (umu) + pheka + yo > ophekayo

NB: Ayisikho ukuthi u-yo ujotshelelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi silakho ukuthi singamjobeleli.

Izibonelo

1. Abantwana bathanda ohola imali enengi

a + u(mu) + hola > ohola

2. Umfana opheka isitshwala ukhuthele.

a + u(mu) + pheka > opheka

(c). Izivumelwano zesibaluli zingasetshenziswa lezibanjalo.

- yinkosi

- ngabalimi

- yinduna

- yintombi

(i) Umuntu oyinkosi uthandwa ngabantu

a + mu + yinkosi > oyinkosi

(ii) Amadoda angabalimi ayahlupheka nxa izulu lingananga.

a + ama + ngabalimi > angabalimi

(f) Zisetshenziswa lezandiso

- phandle

- emfuleni

- khona

Izibonelo

(i) Izinkomo ezikhona

a + izi(N) + khona > ezikhona

 e

Nanzelela ukuthi phakathi kwesivumelwano sesibaluli lesiqu esiyisandiso sigaxelise u-/s-/ ngoba
esindebeleni onkamisa abathobelani/ abalandelani.

Isibonelo:

a + aba + s + emfuleni > abasemfuleni

(g) Izivumelwano zesibaluli zingasetshenziswa lesabizwana zenani /–dwa- /ezikhomba

ubunye.

- yedwa > oyedwa

- lodwa > olulodwa

- sodwa > esisodwa

(1) Umfana oyedwa uyabizwa.

a + u(mu) + yedwa > oyedwa

(2) Kufuneke ilitshe elilodwa kuphela.

a + ili + lodwa > elilodwa

(h) Zingasetshenziswa futhi laleziziqu ezilandelayo.

- njani > onjani

- ngaka > esingaka

- njalo > olunjalo

(1) Ubuphoxo obunjalo angibuthandi.

a + ubu + njalo > obunjani

- a/-yisikhathi sesichasisi

- ubu/-yisiqalo sebizo kusigaba 14

- njalo/- yisiqu sesibaluli

Ngazozonke izikhathi omankankane bayasuswa labonamisa ababalandelayo. Babili

omankankane esilabo esiNdebeleni ngu m lon n.
N.B Nxa uphendula umbuzo kumele zonke izakhi uziqambe ngamabizo loba uzitsho ukuthi
ziyini njengokwenziwe ngaphezulu

Isichasiso senani
Izivumelwano zenani.

 Zakhiwa ngesiqalo sebizo ngokususa unkamisa wokuqala wesiqalo sebizo.

 Lapho isiqalo sebizo silomankankane angasuswa. Kengenzeka ukuba umankankane abe

phakathi laphakathi kwabonkamisa okudala ukuba onkamisa balandelane. Kungaba njalo – ke
unkamisa wakuqala ungwaqaziswa abe ngusingankamisa.

Isigaba Isiqalo sebizo Isivumelwano senani-

1 umu- mu-wu- ba -

2 aba- ba-

3 umu- mu-wu-

4 imi- mi/-yi-

5 ili- li-

6 ama- ma/-wa-

8 isi- si-

9 iN- yi-

10 iziN- zi-

11 ulu- lu-

14 ubu bu-

15 uku ku

 Kusigaba 1 kulezivumelwano ezinthathu.

 Isivumelwano /wu-/sidalwe yikulandelana kwabonkamisa lapho kususwa umankankane.

Isibonelo

U[m] u >uu>wu

 Kusigaba 4 lakho kwenzakala into efanayo:

I [m] i>ii>yi

 Isivumelwano [ba] kusigaba 1 sithathelwe kusigaba 2 njalo sisebenza lesiqu [-ni].

Isivumelwano /ba-/ silakho ukusebenza kuzo zonke izigaba lesiqu -ni.

Iziqu zenani
Iziqu zenani zine. Kodwa esiNdebeleni sandise ukusebenzisa iziqu ezintanthu. Nanzi iziqu zenani

- ni?

- phi?

- nye

- mbe

Nansi ke imitsho elamagama akhomba inani.

1. Hamba lesitsha sinye kuphela.

2. Kanti unyoko ngumhlobo bani?.

3 Ubulele inkomo yiphi?

4. Ngikuthengele isigqoko siphi?

Ukwakhiwa kwamagama aphezulu

sinye > (i) si + nye

Isi – isiqalo sebizo esilahla unkamisa wokuqala kudaleke isivumelwano senani /si/ -nye-
siqu senani

2. bani > aba + ni

(a) ba – isiqalo sebizo unkamisa wokuqala kudaleke isivumelwano senani /ba/-ni siqu
senani

3. yiphi > yi + phi

yi – sivumelwano senani

-phi – isiqu senani

4 siphi > (i) s i + phi

Isi-isiqalo sebizo esilahla unkamisa kudaleke isivumelwano /si/ - phi siqu senani

NB: Lapho uphiwe isichasiso senani umfundi ulakho ukuhle abethe isivumelwano senani lesiqu
senani.

Isibonelo

sinye > si + nye

Ubumnini
Ngolunye uhlobo lwesichasiso oluchaza usobizo okumele sihambe laye futhi simlandele. Labo ke
ubumnini bulengxenye ezimbili, isivumelwano lesiqu.
Ukwakhiwa kwesivumelwano sobumnini
Izivumelwano zobumnini zakhiwa ngendlela ezimbili. Zingasebenzisa izivumelwano zenhloko
lesakhi sokuchasisa u/-a/ kumbe sisebenzise isivumelwano senhloko lesakhi sobumnini u-/ka/.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesakhi u-a

Isigaba isivumelwano isakhi isivumelwano

Senhloko sokuchasisa Sobumnini

1 u- + a > wa-

2 ba- + a > ba-

3 u- + a > wa-

4 i- + a > ya-

5 li- + a > la-

6 a- + a > a-

7 si- + a > sa-

8 zi- + a > za-

9 i- + a > ya-

10 zi- + a > za-

11 lo- + a > lwa-

14 bu- + a > ba-

15 ku- + a > kwa-

Esikuphawulayo

Nxa isivumelwano senhloko singunkamisa kuphela, uyaguquka lowo nkamisa abe

ngusingankamisa ngokufaneleyo.

Isibonelo: Isigaba 1 u-u uyaguquka abe ngu – w

Isigaba 9 u-i uyaguguka abe ngu –y

 Nxa isivumelwano senhloko siguquka lonkamisa wesivumelwano uyasuswa indawo

yakhe ithathwe yisakhi /-a-/ ngaphandle kukasigaba 11 lo 15, unkamisa wesivumelwano
uyaguquka abe ngusingankamisa (w)

 Kuzo zonke izigaba unkamisa wesivumelwano sobumnini uyalumbana lonkamisa

wokuqala webizo badale unkamisa omutsha.
Isibonelo:

Nxa unkamisa –a elumbane lo –a kudaleka u –a

Unkamisa –a- ulumbana lo- i- kadaleke u –e

Unkamisa a ulumbana lo-u kudaleke u-o

Ukusebenzisa isakhi ka-

Siyazakha izivumelwano zobumnini ngokusebenzisa isakhi ka- silandela isivumelwano senhloko

kanje;

Isivumelwano Isakhi isivumelwano Ibizo ubumnini

Senhloko sobumnini

u + ka > ka + (u) gogo > kagogo

bu + ka > buka + (u) khulu > bukakhulu

zi + ka > zika + (u) mama > zikamama

li + ka > lika + (u) Sihle > lukaSihle

Esikuphawulayo

 Nxa isivumelwano senhloko singunkamisa siyamlahla lowo nkamisa kusale isakhi u-ka
esiyisivumelwano sobumnini.

 Nxa isivumelwano senhloko singungwaqa lonkamisa asilahli lutho, isivumelwano

senhloko kumele sihlangane lesakhi sobumnini kube yisivumelwano sobumnini

 Kuzo zonke izigaba nxa sisakha ubumnini, unkamisa wokuqala webizo uyasuswa.

Nansi imitsho egcweleyo etshengisa ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zakhi zombili.

(a) Ilahle lephani liyatshisa

la + iphane > lephane

(b) Umthombo wamanzi uyatshona.

wa + amanzi > wamanzi

Ukudla kwengane kuyatshisa

kwa + ingane > kwengane

Silakho ke ukusebenzisa izivumelwano zobumnini lezabizwana ezithize.

a) Isabizwana sokukhomba
 Umusa walaba abantwana uyamangalisa

Inotho yalesi isigebungu isitshabalele

Ukudla kwalezi izalukazi kuchithekile

Ubuhle balezi izindlu abukhanyi

Izivumelwano zobumnini zingasetshenziswa lezandiso.

- Utshwala bakude bumnandi.

Ba + kude > bakude

- Ukudla + kwamanje akubuye phela.

ku + a manje> kwamanje

- Izindlu zakudala ziyanethela.

Zi + a + kudala > zakudala

Ukusetshenziswa kobumnini emutshweni.

1. Singakhomba ukuthi into ethile yenziwe ngani.

- Ingubo yesikhumba iyagudumala kulazo zonke.

- Ungaze wakha indlu yomdaka ngoba ayiqinanga.

- Abafana bayazithanda imota zamagabha.

2. Singachaza ukuthi into ethile isebenza ngani.

- Isigayo segetsi yiso esicola kuhle umumbu.

- Bamgele ngesigelo segetsi kazange akhale ngitsho.

3. Ukuveza ukuthi into ethile isetshenziselwani.

- Umgenise endlini yokulala waphumula khona.

- Letha isivalo sembodlela ngivale lapha.

- Uthenge impuphu yamahewu kuphela.

4 Singakhomba isikhathi loba ithuba lokusetshenziswa kolutho.

- Bazakuthengela nini izicathulo zekhisimusi.

- Udadewethu udinga imali yokulungisa ikhekhe lomtshado .

- Namhla lilanga lokuzalwa kuka Dumisani.

5. Singachaza okuphethweyo.

- Isaka letshukela lithengwe nguyise.

 - Inkomitsho yetiye iyadula ekhefa.

- Isijumba sesawudo sithengelwe inkomo.

6. Singatshengisa ubulili bulutho.

- Abantu besifazana bayathandeka kakhulu.

- Inja ensikazi iyaluma ukwedlula enduna.

- Lapho okuvunyelwa abantu besilisa.

7. Singakhomba ukulandelana kwezinto

- Yimota yesibili le ngilokhu ngisehluleka ukugada.

- Ngumhloliso wokucina lo ngingakavali izikolo.

- Ngingahamba ngiyabuya sokuphele iviki yesibili.

8 Singasetshenziswa nxa kufaniswa ulutho.

- uJohn yisambane somfana akaqalwa.

- Yena yinqumbi yomfazi unaka Gee.

- UNcube lugodogodo lomuntu sibili.

Imibuzo
1. Chasisa ngokupheleleyo ukuthi amagama adwetshwele umzila akhiwe njani.

”Wuphi lawuphi umfundi oningilizayo uyakwazi ukuthi amandla akhe lezithukuthuku

zakhe zizanqoba nxa ehlala ezimisele. Umfundi omuhle ozwisisayo uphathisana
lamatitshala ukuze izinkinga zamabhuku ziphele. Umfundi munye ngamunye, bani
lobani ozinikeleyo oqotho uyapasa loba sekutheni.’

2 Yiziphi iziqu kula amagama? Lezo ziqu zizincezu ziphi zenkulumo? Wona amagama
akhona avele eyini?

Yizinothongwana njengezindonsakuza

Senjivakazi lensengwakazi

Sadingindawo laphezudlwana

Lihlongandlebe yobubi

Yisikhadlanyana

3 Iziqalo ezilandelayo zakhiwe njani? Chasisa okupheleleyo.

O- e- a-

Oku- eli- aba-

 Omu- emi- ama-

4. Isichasiso sisetshenziswa njani emutshwni? Bhala izibonelo ezifaneleyo zibe nhlanu

ekusebenzeni kunye ngakunye.

Imibuzo yemihloliso

1. (a) Umfana omdala ubalekile.

(b) Umbone ehamba lenkazana ebomvu.

(c) Yisalukazi sinye esibulawa lizinyo.

(d) Inja yomnuzana ilobhova.

(e) Ijazi likakhulu linethiwe.

(i) Incezwana ezilemizila ngaphansi zibizwa zithiwe ziyini ngohlelo

lwesiNdebele?
[5]

(ii) Chasisa ngokwakhiwa kocezwana lunye ngalunye [5]

2. (a) Isifo senhliziyo siyesabeka.

(b) Ijaha leli lilo moya omubi.

(c) Isihambi isilisela siyethusa.

(d) Ubuhlalu obutsha buyacazimula.

(e) Indaba zabadala azilalelwa.

(i) Amabala adwetshwe imizila ayini ngohlelo lweSindebele ? [5]

(ii) Tshono ukuthi linye ngalinye lakhiwe njani? [15]

3. (a) Ukhethe isiqgoko esibomvu watshiya esimnyama.

(b) Abemakhaya bakhanya ngenhlonipho.

(c) Yizifo ziphi eziqeda abantwana.

(d) Amehlo amadala awabonisisi.

(i) Abizwa kuthiwe ayini amabala elmizila ngaphansi ngohlelo

lwesiNdebele?

(ii) Asebenzeni emitshweni akiyo linye ngalinye?

4 (a) Umuzi walesi isalukazi usumdala.

(b) Ukudla kwaphetsheya kolwandle akudleki.

(c) Izinja zabo bonke zilobhova.

 (d) Isalukazi sikaSipho sibelethile.

(e) Ubuso bomdala busubukile.

(i) Ubumnini obudwetshwe imizila buthethe iziqu zabo kuziphi incezu

zenkulumo?
[5]

(ii) Chasisa ukuthi ibala linye ngalinye eliyibumnini elilomzila ngaphansi

lakhiwe njani. [15]

5. (a) Ilembu elimhlotshana lithengwe ngubaba.

(b) Sinye isinkwa esithengwe edolobheni.

(c) Umfana omkhudlwana angasebenza eGoli.

(d) Okunye okufana kulahlekelwe eGweru.

(e) Kudabuke ezesikolo izicathulo

(i) Amabala alemizila ngaphansi ayini ngohlelo lwesiNdebele? [5]

(ii) Chasisia ukuthi linye ngalinye lakhiwe njani? [15]

ISENZO

Isenzo ligama elikhomba ukwenza kumbe singathi ligama elisetshenziswa ehlelweni

lwenkulumo limele lokho okwenziwa ngumenzi kumenziwa.
Imihlobo yezenzo
Sehlukaniswa yiziqu.
a) Ezilelunga linye fa, dla, pha, ma.
b) Ezilamalunga amabili-funda, dlala, thwala, hwaba, hleka.
c) Ezilamalunga amathathu-sebenza, gijima, khuluma, danisa.
d) Ezilamalunga amanengi –thethelela, dlilingana, vumbuluka, khilikithi.
Isenzo sehlukaniseka ngemisuka. Umsuka ungaqala ngonkamisa kumbe ngongwaqa.
Ungaba lelunga elilodwa kumbe amalunga amanengi. Umsuka awuphethi ngonkamisa ,
ugcina ngongwaqa.

Umsuka wonkamisa Owelunga elilodwa Omalunga Ongxube

amanengi
-im – imb – izw -f- -ph -di –ni -dlal – phum- - gijigijimel-
- eluk –alus –ondl -mb - zw- -phumul hlikihl- - sukusukumel-
-on -ond –and - sebenz –gijim - xamazelel-
-end - khwabith- -mangamanga-
- lingiselel-

Izenzo zingahlelwa ngokuthi zisuselwa kuziphi izincezu zolimi. Kuqaleni iqanda kumbe
inkukhu? Inkukhu ibekele iqanda kumbe inkukhu icacadwe eqandeni.

Ucezu Isenzo esivela kulolo cezu

Isenzukuthi; hluthu hluthuka, hluthula
gudlu gudluza, gudlula
khuhlu khuhluza, khuhluka
Ibizo; amanzi manzisa
umbane baneka

Izakhi ezihlela umsuka wesenzo

Umsuka wesenzo uhlelwa ngezakhi ezinengi. Omahlelamsuka yizivumelwano, – esikamenzi
lesikamenziwa, izakhi zenkathi, izakhi zokulandula, izakhi zokuvuma, izakhi zendlela, izakhi
zesimo.

Izivumelwano zikamenzi Izivumelwano zikamenziwa

Okhulumayo ngi ng si s- -ng- -ng- -si- -s-
Okhulunyelwayo u- w- li l- -ku- -kw- -k- -i-
Okukhulunywayo 1, 1a) u w -m-
2,2a) ba- b- -ba- -b-
3, u- w- -w- -w-
4, i- y- -yi- -y-
5, li- i -li- -i-
6, a- -wa- -w-
7, si- s- -si- -s-
8, zi- z- -zi- -z-
9, i- y- -yi- -y-
10, zi - z- -zi- -z-
11, lu- lw- -lu- -lw- -i-
14, bu- b- -bu- -b-
15-18, ku- k- -ku- -kw- -k-
Izivumelwano zenhloko zihlela umsuka ekuqaliseni kwawo. Zande ukwandulela ezinye izakhi.
Sandulelwa kuphela yizakhi zokulandula lezesimo. Nxa umsuka uqala ngongwaqa isivumelwano
sikamenzi siba lonkamisa. Nxa uqala ngonkamisa isivumelwano sikamenzi silahla unkamisa.
Izivumelwano zikamenziwa zandulelwa ngezinye izakhi. Ziphakathi. Yizigaxekiso. Ziba
lonkamisa kumbe zimlahle ngomsuka eziwuqalelayo. (Ubale ngokuchophelela umdwebo
ophezulu ukuze uwubone umehluko).

Balisia imitsho elandelayo

(a) Ugogo uthanda ukubhula.

(b) USihle uhleka isilima.

(c) UDumisani ufunda edolobheni .

(d) Amadoda athanda inyama.

(e) Umama wagebha igodi.

(f) UNyoni uyazithanda izifuyo.

(g) Abantwana bayazithanda izichathulo .

Yiziphi izivumelwano zenhloko. Yiziphi izivumelwano zikamenziwa?. Nxa ungekho umhlobo

othize wesivumelwano hlela wena usuka thize ngesivumelwano esifaneleyo.

Uma usulenkinga yokuhlelwa kwesenzo ungazihlenga kanje, isenzo silezakhi umsuka

lonkamisa thize ekugcineni kwaso ie izakhi-umuka unkamisa wokucina
Izakhi zenkathi
Inkathi yesenzo ibukisa imihlobo emithathu, inkathi edlulileyo, inkathi yamanje, inkathi
ezayo.

Inkathi edlulileyo
Inkathi edlulileyo iphahlula okwenzakala kade, okwenzakale kwaphelela okusanda
kwenzakala, obekuqhubeka kusenzakala.

Izakhi zenkathi Ukuvuma Ukulandula

Inkathi yekadeni -a- w-a-dla Kadlanga
s-a-pheka asiphekanga
y-a-landela ayilandelanga
a-baleka kawabalelanga

Inkathi edlulileyo iphelele udli-ile batsh-ilo, imith-i kadlanga, kabatshongo,

-ile, ilo -i kayimithanga

Inkathi edlulileyo uth-e, ngitsho kathanga, kangitshongo

 Ingaphelele –e, -o

Inkathi edlulileyo iqhubeka be-sipheka –b-idlala besingapheki

be, -b- Ibingadlali

Nxa inkathi ingaphelelanga iyabe idinga umenziwa kumbe isandiso. Kumele iphelele
iqediswe lucezu lolimi olofaneleyo.
Ngitsho njalo, ngitsho.... Ngitshilo.Badle isitshwala, badle.... Badlile.
Inkathi yamanje
Inkathi yamanje isebenzisa izakhi ezimbili, inkathi nje yamanje, lenkathi yamanje
eqhubekayo. Inkathi nje ayilasakhi esibonakalayo, sithiwa simanqamu. Singabukiswa
ngo/o/.
Ngi-[o] –phekela ngi-ya-pheka kangipheki
ba-[o]-hlakula, ba-ya-hlakula kabahlakuli
si-[o]-dlala si-yadlala kasidlali
u-[o]-hlupha u-ya-hlupheka kawuhlupheki
Inkathi yamanje nje ifuna umenziwa lesandiso.
Ngipheka isitshwala, Ngiyapheka
Udla inyama uyadla
Uhlakula ngodlakela uyahlakula

NB: Isakhi /-ya-/ sikhomba inkathi yamanje eqhubekayo.

Inkathi ezayo
Inkathi ezayo lezakhi ezinengi kakhulu. Zigoqela ezilandelayo;

-za, -zo, -ya, -yo, -o /-zaku-/ /-yaku/, /-yoku/, /-zoku/, /oku-/

ukuvuma ukulandula

ngiza-kudla angi-zuku-dla

u-zodlala ka-zuku-dlala

si-ya-sukuma asi-yiku-sukuma

i-yo-funeka kayi-yuku-funeka

s-obonana kwelizayo kas-uku-bonana kwelizayo

li-yo-kuna kali-yukuna

ba-zoku-zwa kaba-zuku-zwa

Izakhi zenkathi ziyahlanganiswa ngokuthanda komkhulumilimi. Inkathi ingaba ngezayo

eqhubekayo, ezayo epheleleyo, ezayo engaphelelanga. Ihlanganise, izame wemfundi!

Izindlela zesenzo
Izindlela zesenzo yikuhlelwa kwesenzo okudala ingcazelo ebika izifiso zokhulumayo zokuthi
uqondisa kumbe kaqondisi yini isilandiso sakhe, uyaphoqa kumbe kaphoqi, uyafanisela kumbe
kafaniseli, ufisa ululandelisa kumbe hatshi izimo azilandisayo. Lunengi ulwazi oluqukethwe
yizenzo, umkhulumi uyalwethula ngendlela ayifunayo. Izindlela zesenzo zihlangnganisa lezi
ezilandelayo, indlela eqondisayo, indlela yesimo, yamandla, indlelaeyamile, indlela ephoqayo,
indlela isabizo.

Indlela eqondisayo
Indlela eqondisayo yindlela ekhombisa ezinye. Yiyo eqalayo ihole ezinye. Indlela eqondisayo
yethula iqiniso lokulandisa ibeke obala okuqondwe ngomkhulumi. Izindlela ezinengi zilezakhi,
kodwa eqondisayo ayilaso isakhi esiyibeka kahle. Indlela eqondisayo ihlelwe ezinkathini zonke,
eyamanje, edlulayo, lezayo. Isenzo sendlela eqondisayo singavuma kumbe silandule. Izenzo
zonke ezilandelayo ngezendlela eqondisayo:

Ngiyafundisa. Angifundisi. Bengifundisa. Bavuke kusesemnyama. Upheka isitshwala. Izabuya.

Zifika kusasa ntambama

Sebekhona. Kabakatshingi. Kusatholakala. Akusobonakali. Bengivele ngisala ngisola.

Angisakuthandi.

Inkulumo yenhlobonhlobo yande ukuqala ngendlela eqondisayo. Izibonelo ezilandelayo zibukisa

indlela eqondisayo isekuqaleni.

Bathanda ukufundisa izingane zekhireshi

Ngithi ake lihambe

Ubebakhulula ngabe bamlalele

Uqonqosele ukuthi babohlakanipha

Isibonelo sokuqala silendlela eqondisayo sandulela esabizo, esesibili sileqondiso sandulela

ephoqayo, esesithathu eqondisayo salandulela eyamileyo esesine eqondisayo sandulela
eyelulekayo. Nxa indlela eqondisayo isetshenziswa isivumelwano senhloko siyabe sesibizwa
kuthiwa ngesokuqondisa.

6.1.1 Umsebenzi

Bala imitsho engezansi uohendule imibuzo elandelayo.

Thina sizahlakula kusasa emasimini

Wafunda kakhulu umuntu wakhona

Usegamule isihlahla sami

Angiukuyithanda indaba yakhona

Ebesadla kwabe kuvela impukane ekudleni

Qamba izakhi ezihlela imisuka yesenzo ezingenhla.

Indlela yesimo
Indlela yesimo ibonakala ngezikhathi zesimo o -/nxa, lapha, uma, ma nxa manxa, ma ngokuba
aluba/. Nxa indlela yesimo isetshenziswa isivumelwano senhloko siyabe siyisivumelwano
sesimo. Singaguquka njengo ba ngu be- kumbe u-a oba ngu e, ezinye kaziguquki kodwa
zizabizwa ngobusimo loba kunjalo. Iphimbo lingaguquka ziyalendela izibonelo zeyesimo.

nxa ehamba uma ehlupheka lapha lidilizelwe nxa ezabuya

ma wayesithi manxa efika aluba wala

Isenzo esihlelwa ngesimo singaba ingqe yiyiphi inkathi. Ziyalandula izenzo zeyesimo:

Uma bengahambi manxa engabahlukuluzi

Uma engahlupheki aluba engalanga

Manxa engafika lapha lingadilizwanga

6.1.2 Umsebenzi

Tshono ukuthi amabala alomzila akhiwe njani ngohlelo lweSindebele?

Nxa beqonda esikolo bathwala ingwalo zabo.

Uma belimele abaye ekilika phela

Liza phumelela uma lizasebenza nzima esilkolo

Lapho esadla kathabdi ukuphanjaniswa uTom

Uma bezabe becabanga sibili kumele balungise udaba lwakhona

Indlela yamandla
Indlela yamandla ibonisa okungenzakala okungenzeka, okungafanela, okungeneliseka. Izakhi
zendlela yamandla ngo/-nga-, -ng-/ ekuvumeni lo/-nge-, -ng-, -e/ ekulanduleni. Izenzo zalesi
singeniso sezivele zakubeka obala.

Nxa indlela yamandla ihlelwa isivumelwano senhloko sibizwa sithiwe ngesamandla.

Singaguquka njengesigabeni sokuqala u/u-/ abe ngu/a- kodwa singazisalela sinjalo: angapheka,
bangafika, zingadlala inganqoba, angepheke: bangefike, zingedlale ingenqobe. Indlela yamandla
ingalandula ngesakhi ngeke: angeke agijima/angeke agijime, zingeke zafika/zingeke zifike,
bangeke babuya/bengeke babuye.

Isenzo sendlela yamandla singahlelwa inqe yiyiphi inkathi wayengahamba, zingadlala,

lingazapheka\, izibonelo zibukisa eyedlulileyo, eyamanje, ezayo.
Umsebenzi wabafundi

Mina ngingayibulala inyoka

Yena angeke alikhabe ibhola

Yena angasigamula isihlahla

Zona zingamlimaza

Akhiwe njani lamabala adwetshwelweyo?

Ayini ngohlelo lwesiNdebele?

Indlela eyamileyo
Indlela eyamileyo yindlela yamuva. Yindlela eyelekayo. Yindlela evela muva. Ingeke iyiqale
inkulumo. Isebenza ngemuva kwezinye izindlela. Yandulela yizindlela ezinye, eqondisayo,
eyamandla, esabizo, ephoqayo, eyesimo. Isakhi sendlela eyamileyo ngu/-e/ ekuvumeni. Isakhi -/-
i/ ngosokulanda kanye lo/-nga-/.

Ngivuka ngigeze, ngivuka ngingagezi

Angaqala asebenze, angaqala engasebenzi

Ukuvuka asole! ukuvuka angasoli

Sukuma uhambe, sukuma ungahambi

Nxa zivulelwa zibaleke! nxa zivulelwa zingabaleki

Ake ziphume ziphele ake ziphume zingapheli

Indlela eyamileyo ayihleli inkathi lezinye izakhi. Ihlelwa yisenzo esiyandulelayo. Yeyame
esenzweni esandulelayo, yikho ithiwa yindlela eyamileyo.

Indlela eyamile iqhuba olalelayo ukuthi afeze umyalezo othize. Isebenzisa izakhi ezimbalwa loba
nje esejwayelekileyo ngu/ake –e./Izakhi zayo zahlelwe ngabanye bahlaziyindimi eluhlwini
lwendlela eyamileyo. Kusesekunengi ukuphuthaza elimini. Izinhlamvana zika ake ngo/ma, a,
ka, /. Ilandula ngo/ -nga-, -i/:

ake siwaqondise amaphutha ake singawaqondisi

a sihambe a singahambi

ka yiphume endlini ka yingaphumi

ma lithule ma lingathuli

Indlela eyamile ayihleli inkathi ihlelwa yinsizasenso. Indlela eyamile isebenza ukuphoqa yonke
into okukhulunywa ngayo.

Indlela eyamile yindlela ecebisa iqondisa olandelayo ukuthi ulutho angalufeza ngcono njani.
Ayikhailimi. Ayijubi. Ipha umlaleli icebo. Ibonakala ngesakhi u/-/bo/. Ilandula ngo nga
 ubodlala kuhle ungabodlala kahle

libovukela lingabovukela

sibolimuka singabolimuka

zibodijiswa zingabodijiswa

Indlela eyamile iyahlela inkathi ezayo U/-bo/-angasuswa ekulanduleni :

bozadlala ungabozodlala

Ungazukudlala

liboyavulela lingayivulela

siboyolimuka singayikulimuka

ziboyadijiswa zingayukudijiswa

Indlela esabizo
Indlela esabizo ilezenzo ezifana xathu lamabizo esigaba 15. Zonke izenzo zendlela esabizo
zilesiqalo u/[uku-]. Indlela esabizo ayilaso isivulemwano senhloko.

Loba ingalaye umenzi yindlela ngoba iyayandulela eyamileuo. Iyavuma ilandule. Ayihleli
inkathi. Ilandula ngo/nga-ng-, -i/

ukuphakulela ukungaphakululeki

ukuza ukungazi

ukwazi ukungazi

ukosa ukungosi

ukuthi ukungathi

Izenzo zendlela esabizo ziyayiqala inkulumo kumbe zibuye ngemva kwezinye izenzo:

Ukupheka isitshwala ekuseni kinje

Ngithanda ukufudisa isiNdebele

Bafike bacela ukuqondiswa koSithole

Kuhle kakhulu ukuzwisisa izifundo

Indlela ephoqayo
Indlela ephoqayo iyahola ilayeze olandelayo ukuthi akuphoqiweyo.

Ayilasivumelwano senhloko. Siba khona ekulanduleni kuphela. Indlela ephowayo ihlela ukuthi
ubunye lobunengi. Izichazamazwi ezithize zihlela ngendlela ephowayo. Abanye babacabange
ukuthi isenzo sivele siyindlela ephoqayo! Isakhi sobunengi ngu/-nini/.
phuma ungaphumi phumanini Lingaphumi

hamba ungahambi hambani lingahambi

Hlala ungahlali hlalanini linghlali

Indlela ephoqayo iqondiswe kokukhulunywa laye.

Isimo sesenzo/ Isiqondiso sesenzo

Isenzo singabukisa ngesimo. Isenzo silezimo ezintathu:

Isimo nje: Isiqondiso nje

Isenzo esikusimo nje kumbe isiqondiso nje kasibethi obala ngesenzo. Isenzo esikuqondisayo nje
asilasakhi esiphawula lesi siqondiso.

Izibonelo

Uyise ulunywe yinja.

Umfana udlala lomntwana .

Isimo esesiqhubeka: Isiqondiso esesiqhubeka

Isiqondiso esiqhubeka sibonakala ngesakhise-kumbe – se

Izibonelo

- Sepheka.

- Besebepheka.

- Basezapheka.

Isimo esisaqhubeka. Isiqondisoi esisaqhubeka

Isiqondiso esisaqhubeka sibonakala ngesakhi – sa-

Izibonelo

- Belisadlala

- Ngangisapheka

- Bebesadlala

Izimpambosi zesenzo
Izimpambosi yinhlelasenzo ebukisa umqondo, wabenzi, ukuphathisana kwabo, isibanga
sokwenza, isilinganiso sokwenza, inhloso yokhulumayo lolunye ulwazi ngesenzo okumele
olaleleyo aluqondise. Kulemihlobo eyisikhombisa yempambosi. Impambosi yokwenzayenza,
impambosi yokwenziswa, impambosi yokwenzana, impambosi yokwenzisa, impambisi
yokwenzela impambosi yokkwenzisisa, impambosi yokwenzela.

Impambosi yokwenzayenza
Impambosi yakhiwa ngokuphinda umsuka wesenzo. Yethule umqondo wokwenza ulutho
ngendlela engazikanga. Nxa isakhiwa kuba lezinguquko ezithile. Nxa umsuka ulelunga elilodwa
isigaxekiso /-yi-/ siyasetshenziswa. Nxa amalunga emanengi ilunga lokucina liyasuswa umsuka
ungaphindwa.

dla-dla>dlayidla

pha-pha>phayipha

Nxa umsuka uqala ngonkamisa isigaxekiso siba ngu /y-/:

osa-osa> osayosa

elusa-elusa>eluyelusa

anda-anda>andayanda

Mxa umsuka ulamalunga amabili ayaphindwa nje onke:

hleka-hleka > hlekahleka

pheka-pheka>phekapheka

Nxa umsuka ulamalunga eqa amathathu awokuqala amabili ayesetshenziswa umsuka wonke
ungakaphindwa.

Gijim-gijima>gijigijima ie[-ma]

dubula-dubula > dubudubula ie [-la]

sebenzisela-sebenzisela> sebesebenzisela i.e [-nzisela]

gijimisela-gijimisela>gijimisela i.e [-misela]

Impambosi yokwenziwa
Impambosi yokwenziwa ibonakala ngezakhi /-iwa, -wa/ Isakhi/-iwa/-sisebenza lemisuka
yelungalinye kumbe eliqala ngonkamisa;

fa-iwa>fiwa

pha-iwa>phiwa

osa-iwa>osiwa

eba-iwa>ebiwa
umsuka nxa amalunga emanengi, loba uqala ngonkamisa; ulamalunga amathathu loba adlulayo,
isakhi sokwenziwa siba/-wa/.

lunguza-wa>lunguzwa

thandaza-wa>thandazwa

aphula-wa>aphulwa

elusa-wa>eluswa

ngenxa ka/-w-/inguquko zimbalwa khona ngoba unkamisa osekugcineni uyasuka u/ -w- / abe
eselandelana labanye ongwaqa angabaqhelanga:

khuluma-wa>khulum(a) wa>khulunywa> khulunywa ie mw-ny.

Usazikhumbula lezi zingubo? Zingabakhona kulezizenzo, khupha, bamba, pompa, dubula,

hwabhela, khumbula? Chasisa ukuthi yenzakala njani inguquko.

Impambosi yokwenzana
Impambosi yokwenzana isebenzisa isakhi /-ana/. Ibukisa isenzakalo ebantwini ababili, amaqembu
amabili. Into eyenziwa iphindiselwa ngaleyo nkathi isenzakala:

batshayana ziyaphikisana

liyaxabana ayathethisana

Ukhona u/ -na/ ohlela umsuka angasisakhi seyokwenzana. Sinanzelele lezi izenzo. Uyaphana,
beyelamana, kambe bayakuba bephuthuza yini abakhulumi.

Impambosi yokwenzisa
Impambosi ibonakaka ngesakhi /isa/ ezenzweni ezilandelayo;zondisa, yakhisa, bonisa, sebenzisa
gezisa. Ipha umqondo wokuthi ulutho luyabe lungenelisi ukuzenzela, omunye abe esesenza
esikhundleni sakho.

Impambosi yokwenzela
Isebenzisa isakhi u/ela/: phekela, gezisela, phendukela, watshela. Sibonisa ukwenzela
owehlulekayo. Zikhona izenzo ezilo /ela/ ezingasizempambosi, uzinanzelele: sebenzela, bizela,
khangela, bukela.

Impambosi yokwenzisisa
Ibukisa ukwenza ulutho ngamandla langakunanzelela okukhulu. Isebenzisa isakhi /-isisa/:
fundisisa, phekisisa, balisisa, cabangisisa.

Impambosi yokwenzeka
Isebenzisa izakhi /-eka, ekala lobeka, khuzeka, solakala, bonakala. Sethula umcabango wokuthi
ulutho lube mgceke lungabi yinkinga.

Izimpambosi zingahlanganiswa zibembalwa emsukeni munye zakhe umsukangxube

thela<theleka

thanda <thandeka

thanda <thandakala

Nxa iskahi sempambosi sesikhona isenzo sesingaguquka ngendlela efunwa ngokhulumayo.

Umsebenzi

Tshono ukuthi impambosi ezilandelayo zakhiwe njani ziyiphi imihlobo. Tshukatshuka,

bambabambanisa, bizwa, ncintisa, khulunyelwa.

Imibuzo
1. Balisa inkulumo elandelayo, khetha kuyo zonke izenzo ozibonayo ube usuloba phansi
imisuka yazo uyihlele uchasise .

“umangamangaliswa yini nxa ngisithi undodakuqina welusa ondle abuye one abantu!
Ungumuntu osolisayo omba igodi akugqikele phakathi. Nxa ungazi uzakuhlikihla
emhlabathini akuphumuze impilo yakho! Uyizawa njani le mininigwane ngaye?.
Uzakukha phansi mfondini.

2 Bhala phansi izinhlamvana zezivumelwano zikamenzi lezezivumelwano zikamenziwa

chasisa ukuhlelwa kwezinhlamvana zezivumelwano.

Ezikamenzi Ezikamenziwa

Ng- -ng-

s- -s-

w -kw- -k-

i- -l-

1 , law- -m- m

2 ,2a b- -b-

3 w- -w-

4 y- -y-

5 i- -i-

6 o- -w-

7 s- -s-

8 z- -z-

9 y- -y-

10 z- -z-
 11 lw- l -lw –l-

14 b- -b-

15 -kw- k- kw- -k-

ISIBANJALO

Isibanjalo lucezu lwenkulumo oluyisilandiso njengesenzo. Isibanjalo silemihlobo emithathu,

kulesibanjalo esiphawulayo, kulesibanjalo esichasisayo besekusiba lesibanjalo esikhombayo.
Isibanjalo lucezu oludaleka ngokuguqula ezinye izincezu zenkulumo ngezakhi zaso. Amabizo,
izichasiso, izabizwana, izandiso ziyaguqulwa zibe yisibanjalo. Isibanjalo esichasisayo sigcwele
ezingwalweni zonke. Kakho umlobi ongalobi ngazo. Isibanjalo esiphahluleyo yiso esande ukuba
ngumhlatshelwa.

Yiso esizoqala le ngxoxo.

Isibanjalo esiphahlulayo
Isibanjalo esiphahlulayo ngesiqamba ulutho ngesimo salo. Siyabiza. Siyaqoboza. Silandisa isimo
lesimakanjani sikamenzi. Yisilandiso mpela. Sibonakala ngesivumelwano sikamenzi.

u-muhle, u-ngumuntu, si-hle, si-ngumuntu, i-nhle, i-ngumuntu,

li-lithole, zi-zinkomo, lu- ngoluhle, ku-ngokudala, ba-ngabahlekazi, bumunyu,

Isibanjalo esiphahlulayo singakhelwa kwesichasisayo ngokuguqula esichasisayo ngesivumelwano

senhloko.

Ungugogo cp. Ngogogo

siyisalukazi cp. yisalukazi

Isibanjalo esichasisayo
Amabizo, izabizwana, izichasiso, izandiso ziyaguqulwa esibanjalweni. Uma ucezu lolimi
kungonkamisa luguqulwa yisakhi esingelankamisa, nxa luqala ngonkamisa luguqulwa yisakhi
esilonkamisa. Izakhi zesibanjalo yilezi; /ngu-, yi, ngi-, y-, i-, w-, li-, b-, /.

Isigaba Ibizo Isibanjalo

1 umuntu ngumuntu

1a ugogo ngugogo

2 abelungu ngabelungu
2a ogogo ngogogo

3 umlilo ngumlilo

4 imizi yimizi

5 ilitshe yilitshe/lilitshe

6 amatshe ngamatshe

7 isigqoko yisigqoko

8 izigqoko yizigqoko

9 inja yinja

10 izinja yizinja

11 uluju luluju/yiluju

14 ubuso yibuso/bubuso

15 ukufa yikufa

Izincezu zenkulumo ezinengi ziguqulelwa kanje ukuba yisibanjalo: ngu-wuphi yi-baphi, ng-
abadlalayo, yi-yiphi, ngu-lo, yi-lesi, ng-abaphi, ng-osendlini, ng-owakhe, ng-oyedwa.

Isibanjalo siyalandula. Silandula ngezakhi kasi-/asi-/kasu-/akusi/akusu-/aku-

Kasimuntu, asigogo, kasiwuphi asibani.

Umsebenzi wabafudi.

a. Bumba izibanjalo usebenzisa amagama alandelayo utsho lokuthi uzakhe njani.

1. abafowethu 2. Umlimi 3. Ithambo

4 amayezi 5. Uluju

b. Bumba izibanjalo kulezi ezilandelayo utsho ukuthi uzakhe njani lokuthi siyiwuphi
umhlobo

1. lulusu 2 ngomakhelwane 3. Yintombi

4 lidlozi 5 lukhamba

c. Zilandule zonke izibanjalo ozakhe ku a) lo b)

Isibanjalo ngesabizwana
Isibanjalo singakhiwa sisuselwa esabizwaneni. Isibanjalo sisakha ngezakhi /ngu-/, yi-/

Isabizwana Isibanjalo esivumayo isibanjalo Esilandulayo

1 ngu-/yi + yena nguye(na) akusiyena/ akuyena

2 bona yibo(na) akusibona/akubona

3 wona yiwo (na) akusiwona/akuwona

4. yona yiyo akusiyo (na) akulona

5. lona yilo(na) akusilo(na) akulona

7 sona yisona (na) akusizona/akusona

8 zona yizo (na) akusizona

Isiqu –na siyasuka kumbe singasuka ngenkathi yokuqala.

Isibanjalo sesabizwana sokukhomba laso sidalwa ngu/ngu, yi-/.

1. lo ngulo/yilo akusilo/akulo

2 laba yilaba akusilaba

4. le yile akusile

6 la yila akusila

8 lezi yilezi akusilezi

Ukukhomba buqamama ukuvuma ukulandula

lowo ngulo/yilo akusilo

labo yilabo akusilabo

leyo yileyo akusileyo

lawo yilawo akusilawo

lezo yilezo akusilezo

Ukukhomba kude ukuvuma ukulandula

lowayana yilowaya akusiye lowaya

labaya yilabaya akusibo labaya

leya yileya akusi leya

lawaya yilawaya akusi lawaya

lezinja yileziya akusi leziya

c. Isabizwana senani siguqulwa ngezindlela ezimbili, ukuguqulela kwesoqobo kuqala
singakabi sona isibanjalo.

Isabizwana senani ukuvuma ukulandula

1. yedwa nguye yedwa akusiye yedwa

2. bodwa yibo bodwa akusibo bodwa

3. bonke yibo bonke akusibo bonke

ngu + ye (na) _+yedwa > nguye yedwa

yi + bo (na) +bodwa > yibo bodwa

yi + bona + bonke > yibo bonke

Isivumelwano senhloko aiyaguqula isabizwana sibe yisibanjalo.

Isibonelo u + yedwa > uyedwa (kayedwa) (akayedwa)

ba + bodwa > babodwa (kababodwa (ababodwa)

ba + bonke > babonke (kababonke) (ababonke)

Isichasiso siyaguqulelwa esibanjalweni:

Isichasiso ukuvuma ukulandula

omkhulu ngomkhulu ngongamkhulu

elibomvu ngelibomvu ngelibomvu

abakhe ngabakhe ngabangasibakhe

Ukwakhiwa: isakhi sesibanjalo + isichasiso

ng + omkhulu > ngomkhulu

ng + elibomvu > ngelibomvu

ngo + abakhe > ngabakhe

7.1.1 Umsebenzi

1. Ngulo umfana okuthiwa lisela.

2. Bathi akusiyena otshontshileyo.

3 Abantwana laba ngabakhe uNyoni.

4 Akusibo bonke abazangena ezulwini.

5. Nguye ositshela indaba.

A. Zakhiwe zivela kuziphi izabizwana izibanjalo ezidwetshweyo?

B Zakhiwe njani? Chasisa ngokupheleleyo.

Isibanjalo esakhiwa ngesichasiso

Siyakhiwa ngokuguqula izichasiso ngokususa unkamisa wesichasiso

(a) Eziphawulweni

Isiphawulo isibanjalo esivumayo isibanjalo esilandulayo

1 Omkhulu mkhulu kamkhulu

2 abakhulu bakhulu kababakhulu

3 Omuhle muhle akamuhle

4 emihle mihle ayimihle

5 elincane lincane alilincane

6 amancane mancane awamancane

7 esidala sidala asisidala

8 ezindala zindala kazizindala

9 enkulu zinkulu kayinkulu

10 ezinkulu zinkulu kazizinkulu

11 olude lude alulude

14 obuhle buhle abubuhle

15 okukhulu kakhulu akukukhulu

Nanzelela indlela elandelwe ekwakheni, isichasiso uhlale uyazi.

Ezibalulini
Isibalulini isibanjalo esivumayo esilandulayo

1 Omnyama umnyama akamnyama

2 Abamnyama bamnyama abamnyama/kabamnyama

3 omhlophe umhlophe akamhlophe/abamhlophe

4 emhlophe umhlophe ayimhlophe

5 elimnyana limnyama alimnyama

6 amnyama amnyama awamnyama

7 esibomvu simonvu asibomvu

8 ezibomvu zibomvu azibomvu

9 empofu impofu ayimpofu

10. ezibomvu zibomvu azibomvu

11 olumnandi lumnandi alumnandi

14 obumnandi bumnandi abumnandi

15 okunengi kunengi aukunengi

Ukwakhiwa kwesibanjalo ezandisweni

1. Singasakha sisebenzisa izakhi ezintathu./ Ku-,yi-,i-/

Isibonelo: isandiso Isibanjalo ukulandula

phansi i/yi/kuphansi kayiphansi

ekhanda ise/kusekhanda kayisekhanda

phezulu i/yi/kuphezulu kayiphezulu

ekuseni i/yikuseni kayikuseni

ebusika i/yi/kusebusika kayisibusika

kude i/yi/kude kasikude

phandle i/yi/kupandle kayisiphandle

lapho i/yi/kulapho kayisilapho

Landula izibanjalo ezakhiwe ngo/yi-ku-/ ubone inguquko ezizakuba khona

Nanzi ezinye izindlela zokwakha isibanjalo;

Isigaba esivumayo esilandulayo

1 phansi kuphansi akakho phansi

2 Phandle kuphandle akukho phandle

3. phezulu kuphezulu akukho phezulu

4 “ iphezulu ayikho phezulu

5 “ liphezulu alikho phezulu

Isibanjalo sokukhomba
Isibanjalo sokukhomba lucezu lolimi olwakhiwe njengesabizwana sokukhomba. Sihlela indawo
ezintathu, indawo eseduze, ebuqamama lekude.

Isibanjalo

Isigaba eduze buqamama kude

1.1a) nangu nango nanguya

2 2a) nampa nampo nampaya

3 nanku nanko nankuya

4 nansi nanso nansiya

5 nanti nanto nantiya

6 nanka nanko nankoya

7 nansi nanso nanziya

8 nanzi nanzo nanziya

9 nansi nanso nansiya

10 nanzi nanzo nanziya

11 nantu nanto nantuya

14 nampu nampo nanpuya

15 nanku nanko nankuyana

Esikuphawulayo

1. Kuzo zonke izigaba izibanjalo zokukhomba ziqalisa ngo/nan -/.

2 Zonke izibanjalo zokukhomba buqamama zicina ngesakhi sendawo yesibili u/-o/.

3 Izibanjalo zokukhomba kude zilesakhi sokukomba kude/-yo/

Nxa sisakhiwa isibanjalo sokukhomba sisebenzisa u/nan-/lesiqalosiqokoqela sebizo.

Umankankane /n/ udala izinguquko ezimbalwa osuke wazibona, Usazikhumbula?

Nan-ba>nanba>nampa nan-mu-nanmu>nangu/nanku, nan-

mi>nami>nansi

Qedisa lezi zinguquko, nxa usuzikhohliwe ningiliza: nanli, nanlu, nanbu, nanma, nanni

Zikhona izibanjabulo ezakhiwa ngokuhlela u/ba/abe yinsizasilandiso ekuhleleni.

a. Isitsha siba sihle nxa ungasigezisa.

b. Umfana uba yisigebengu engaqalwa

c. Umfundi uba yisithutha ungasthaya

d. Izinja ziba yingozi zingachithiswa

7.1.2 Umsebenzi

Bala imistho elandelayo ubusuphendula umbuzo olendelayo

1. Inkomo zakho zindala kulezami.

2. Ilihlo lakho libomvu kakhulu.

3. Utshwala lobu bumnandi.

4. Ikhanda lakhe kalilincane kulelakho.

5. Ilitshe leli liphezulu lizakuwa.

6. Isigqoko sakho siphandle sizatshontshwa.

7. Umama nangu uzalukungisa.

8. Umntwana uba muhle nxa egezile

9. Ekhaya kumnandi nxa kusebusuku.

10. Ayisikho phandle yini obulele khona

Umbuzo. Chaza ukuthi ibala ngalinye elidwetshelwe umzila liyini ngohlelo lweSiNdebele?

Izindlela sezibanjalo

Isibanjalo siyahlelwa ngezindela zesenzo sezibizwa zithiwe ngezesibanjalo ngoba sezihlele sona!
Asihlelwa ngqo. Izindlela zesibanjalo njengokuthi yisibanjalo, zihlelwa ngensizasenzo u/ba/.

Izindlela Ukuvuma Ululandela

eqondisayo uba yimbulu kabi yimbulu
eyesimo nxa esiba nguye nxa engabi ngube
eyesibaluli eba yisimangaliso engabi nguye
esabiso ukuba ngowakhe ukungabi ngowakhe
eyamandla zingaba yileziyana zingabi yileziyana
ephoqayo (yi) banini yizihlakaniphi lingabi yizihlakaniphi
eyelulekayo Siboba ngezinhle zingaboba ngezinhle
eholayo Ake abe mude ake angabi mude
eyamileyo ... bube buthakathaka bungabi buthakathaka

Umsebenzi

Bala ngokuchophelela umdwebo ophezulu. Dinga ezakho izibonelo zibe zine endleleni yinye
layinye yesandiso zivume zibuye zilandule. Nxa usudinga izibonelo zendlela ephoqayo nanzelela
ukuthi uhlanganise ezobunye lobunengi ukuze ubone imininingwane eba khona. Izibonelo zakho
ngezincezu zolimi. Hlela inkathi unanzelele imininingwane eba khona.
Umsebenzi wabafundi

1. Tshono ukuba izibanjalo ezilandelayo zakhiwe njani? [15]

Lidwala leli eselitholakele.

Ukuba ngubaba yinto enzima .

Ukungabi yinkomo lakho yikuphongukwenza.

Uyise wakhe wayengumlimi ophumelelayo.

2. Bala ngokuchophelela imitsho elandelayo ube usuphendula imibuzo engezansi kwayo.

a) Ngabelungu abenze leyo nto.

b) Bangabelungu abayenzileyo mpela.

c) Nanga umLumbi ebasukela.

d) Kasibo abakwenzileyo.

e) Uba ngumuntu nxa ucwaningisisa.

i) Izincezu ezingamabala alomzila ziyini ngohlelo lwesiNdebele?

ii) Zakhiwe njani lunye ngalunye ?

iii) Zisebenze njani emutshweni?

3. Yakha izibanjalo eziphahlulayo lezibalulayo ngalezi zinkulumo:

yena baphi osukumayo

ezincane munye kodwa

zikababakazi

Imibuzo yemihloliso

1. (a) Uyise kaMthabisi ngulo ongumfundi.

(b) Ngesilisela isalukazi esibotshwiweyo.

(c) Izifundiswa zako Nyoni ziphetsheya kwelizwe.

(d) Umfana lo lisela elaziwayo.

(e) Ubuhlalu benduna bubili.

(i) Izibanjalo ezilemizila ngaphansi zithethe iziqu zazo kuziphi incezu

zenkulumo? [5]

(ii) Chasisa ukuthi sinye ngasinye isibanjalo sakhiwe njani .

[5]
2. (a) Abantu basemakhaya lokhu belenhlonipho.

(b) Ogogo labokhulu abanengi basemakhaya.

(c) Lunye ulutho olubahluphayo.

(d) Omalume wenyanya usengumbalisi.

(i) Incezu ezilimizila ngaphansi ziyini ngohlelo lwesiNdebele [5]

(ii) Zisebenzeni emitshweni ezikiyo lunye ngalunye [5]

(iii) Chasisa ngokwakhiwa kocezu kunye ngalunye [10]

3 (a) Usipho ubengumfundisi oqinileyo.
(b) Isithunywa leso sasilisela kudala.
(c) Lelijaha selilikholwa.
(d) Usangunozindaba lalamuhla uThemba.
(e) Isalukazi sizaba ngumkhongi walintombi.
(i) Zikuyiphi inkathi izibanjalo emitshweni ephezulu njalo yiziphi izakhi
eziveza leyo nkathi. [10]
(ii) Chasisa ukuthi isibanjalo sinye ngasinye sakhiwe njani.
[15]
4 (a) Inkomo azizonke esibayeni.
(b) Sengingedwa ngakithi.
(c) Bana yindoda elesibindi, kunzima lapha .
(d) Lumuntu angaba lusizo nxa efuna.
(e) Nansi isimbo senyanga.
(i) Izibanjalo ezilemizila ngaphanzi yizibanjalo bani ngohlello
lwesiNdebele?
[5]
(ii) Chasisa ukuthi isibanjalo sinye ngasinye sakhiwe njani. [15]

ISANDISO
Isandiso yisikhanyiso siqokoqela. Isandiso sikhanyisa isenzo . Sikhanyisa isibanjalo.
Sikhanyisa isenzukuthi. Isikhanyiso isilandiso. Sethula ulwazi ngesilandiso oluqondane
lesikhathi sesimo, indawo yesimo, isimikuzwa sesimo siphendula imibuzo efana lthi
ngaphi, njani, lani, nini ngenxa yani. Zintathu izandiso, isandiso ngolunye lwezincezu
ezakhiwa ngokuqala ezinye izincezu zenkulumo ezinjengosobizo, isichasiso, izenzo
ikakhulu esendlela yesibaluli. Ukhona umhlobo abahlazulimi ababecabange ukuthi ube
yisisusa sesandiso singakhiwa ngokuguqulela.
Isandiso sendawo
Isandiso sendawo sakhiwa ngezakhi ezimbalwa ezigoqela ezilandelayo.
e,...-ini e...ini o....eni, ka-, ku-,
bu.... kwa e-, ki- o-
e-indlu-ini > endlini
e-umgelo-eni > emgelweni
e-phaphu-ini > eiphaphuini > ephaphwini > ephatshini
o-ugwalo-eni > ougwaloeni > egwalweni
o-khumbi-ni > oukhumbini > okhumbini > okhunjini
ka-Ndlovu > kauNdlovu > koNdlovu
ka-uDube > kauDube>kaDube
ku-wuphi > kuwuphi
ku-bona > kubo > kubo
nga-phakathi > ngaphakathi.
bu-de > bude
bu-duze > buduze
kwa-uBulawayo > kwauBulawayo > kwaBulwayo
e-iGwanda > eiGwanda > eGwanda
ki-nina > kinini > kini
o-Uthukela > ouThukela > oThukela
Nanzelela izinguquko ezimbalwa nxa isandiso sendawo sisakhiwa, usuvele usuvele usazi
ezinye zalezi inguquko.
Ukwakhiwa kwesandiso sendawo emabizweni.
Nxa isandiso sisakhiwa, unkamisa wesakhi sesandiso uyalumbana lonkamisa wegama
eliguqulwayo. Unkamisa wegama angasuswa:

Ka+ uBulawayo > koBulawayo

Kwa+ Ubulawayo > kwaBulawayo

Ka + uZulu > koZulu

Ka+ uMthwakazi > koMthwakazi

Kwa+ uMthwakazi > kwaMtwakazi

e+ isilozwe > eiSolizwe > eSilozwe

ku+umama > kumama

Esabizweni soqobo
Isakhi/ ki/ lesakhi u/ku-/ sisetshenziswa ukuguqula isabizwana ukuba yisandiso sendawo. Isiqu
sesabizwana soqobo u/-na/ singesulwa kusiya ngokuthanda komuntu okhulumayo.

ki-mina > kimi(na) > kimi.

ki-thina > kithi(na) > kithi.

ku-wena > kuwe(na) > kuwe.

ku-bona > kubo(na) > kubo.

ku-zona > kuzo(na) > kuzo.

Esabizwana sokukhomba

Isakhi sesandiso u/ku-/yiso esisetshenziswayo.

Ku +lo > kulo

Ku+ lezi > kulezi

Ku +lowo > kulowo

Ku + lezo > kulezo

Ku+ lowaya > lulowaya

Ku+ leziya > kuleziya

Isabizwana senani siguqulwa yisakhi /ku/- ngemva kokoguqulelwa kwesokukhomba:

Kulezi + zontathu > kulezi zontathu

Kulesi + sodwa > kulesi sodwa

Lulobu+ bodwa > kulobu bodwa

Kubo + bobabili > kubo bobabili

EZIVELA KUSICHASISO
Ku +baphi > kubaphi
Ku+ bani > kubani
Ku+ emnyama + kwemnyama
Kw + enkulu > kwenkulu
Ka+ omude > kaomude > komude
Ka+omude > kaomubi > kamubi
Isiqalo sikasigaba 16 Pha
Isandiso sendawo singakhiwa ngesiqalo /Pha/-lezinye ingcezu zenkulumo.
Izibonelo
Pha+ indle > Phandle
Pha+izulu > Phezulu
Pha+itsheya > Phetsheya
Isandiso sokukhomba
Isandiso sokukhomba sikathathu, kukhona esikhomba, eduze buqamama lakude.
Isandiso sokukhomba eduze.
Isandiso sokukhomba eduze sakhiwa ngesikhathi sokukhomba /la/ lesiqalo sesigaba 16 /-
pha/.
Isibonelo
La + pha > lapha
Isandiso sokukhomba buqamama
Isandiso sokukhomba buqamama sakhelwa kusandiso sikukhomba eduze ngokujobelela
isakhi sokukhomba buqamama /-o/

Isibonelo
Lapha + o > Lapho
Isandiso sokukhomba kude
Sakhelwa phezu kwesandiso sokukhomba eduze ngokujobelela isakhi sokukhomba kude/
–ya(na)/
Isibonelo
Lapha + ya(na) > laphaya
ISANDISO SESIMO

- Isandiso kuziqu zesiphawulo lesibaluli kusetshenziswa isakhi sesandiso sesimo u-

/-ka/
Izibonelo
Kuziqu zesiphawulo
Isakhi isiqu sesiphawulo isandiso sesimo
ka + bi > kabi
ka + khulu > kakhulu
ka + thathu > kathathu
ka + ncane > kancane
Kuziqu zesibaluli
Isakhi isakhi sesibaluli isandiso sesimo
ka + mhlophe > kamhlophe
ka + nzima > kanzima
ka + lukhuni > lukhuni
ka + buhlungu > kabuhlungu

Isandiso senkathi

Isandiso senkathi silezakhi ezinengi. Ezinye ziyazifanana lezendawo besekubonakala

ngesiqu ukuthi ukhuluma ngesikhathi esithize. Ningiliza izakhi zesendawo, phose zonke
ngezikhathi. Zihlela amagama ayabe evele esebetha isikhathi esithize ubusika, ihlobo,
ukusa, ubusuku, intambama, ekwakheni ebusika, ehlobo, ekuseni, ntambama, ebusuku
ekuqaleni. Nanzi ezinye zezakhi.
/e- o-, -ini- ku, ka, e-...-emi nga-/
Ka + de > kade
ku-/dala > kudala
e-/amadabukakusa > a/e/ madabukakusa > emadabukasuka
e-kusa+ eni > eukusaeni > ekuseni
nga-ukusa > ngaukusa > ngokusa
e-ihlobo > eihlobo > ehlobo
e-ukuqala-eni > ekuqaleni > ekuqaleni
N.B: Zikhona izincezu zolimi eziba yisando senkathi zingelazikhathi, khathesi, khona
manje, nini, khonokho nje, khona lokho nje.
Izakhi zesandiso Zesimo
La-
Isakhi lesi sitsho ukuthi lobani loba lani uhlobo lwesandiso oluvame ukubunjwa yilesi
sakhi lubizwa kuthiwe yisandiso sokwenziwe lakho. (with)
Izibonelo
La+ unina > lonina
La+/umkhonto>/lomkhanto
La+ abancana > labancane
(i) Umntwana uhamba lonina
(ii) Uyise waphuma lomkhonto
(iii) Abakhulu babedlala labancane
Nga- Isakhi lesi sitsho ukuthi ngobani; ngani, ngakuphi, Lapho sihlangana unkamisa
wokuqala wesakhi lonkamisa wokuqala wegama bayalumbana kudaleke omutsha.
Isakhi lesi sibumba isandiso sokwenziwe ngakho.
Izibonelo
Nga + umuthi > ngomuthi
Nga + zo(na) ngazo
(i) Bamelapha ngomuthi wesintu
(ii) Sesidla ngazo lezizingane
Ma:- Isakhi lesi silakho ukubumba izandiso ezehlukeneyo. Silakho ukubumba isandiso
sendawo isandiso sokulinganiswe lakho.
Izibonelo
ma + qondana > maqondana
ma + lungana > malungana
(i) Inyamazana ivuke maqondana laye.
(ii) Umthombo wamanzi ugejwe malungana longwaqo.
Isakhi /ma-/ silakho njalo ukubumba isandiso senkathi.
Izibonelo
ma + nini > manini
ma + nje > manje
Isandiso sokuqhathanisiwe lakho.
Izakhi: nganga – isakhi sitsho ukuthi kangakanani
Njenga – isakhi sitsho ukuthi njengani
Kula – isakhi lesi sitsho ukuthi kulani
Nganga + thina >ngangathi
Njenga+umlungu >njemgomlungu
Kula-isakhi lesi sitsho ukuthi kulani
nganga + thina > ngangathi
njenga+umlungu>njengomlungu
kula + ukuzula > lokuzula
Isandiso sokufaniswe lakho:
Sa-lesi isakhi sitsho okufanayo
Sa+insangu>sansangu
Sa+umvundla
(i) Isihlahla lesi sinuka sansangu.
(ii) Umfana kaMoyo ugijima samvundla.
Imibuzo yemihloliso
1. (a) Ekuseni kuyaqanda.
 (b) Bathole kulethemba esiswini somfana.
(c) Ipholisa lenduna licake okotshani.
(d) Inkomo lezo zidla kakhulu yikho zinje.
(e) Isithunywa besihamba lomfana omude.
(i) Amabala alemizila ngaphansi ayizandiso bani? [5]
(ii) Chasisa ukuthi isandiso sinye ngasinye sakhiwe njani. [15]
2. (a) Umfana ulunywe yinyoka.
(b) Yinyoka elume lumfana.
(c) Umama umtshwaye ngoswazi.
(d) Inkazana inde kulaye.
(e) Umuntu wemzini ufike ilanga litshona.
(i) Amabala alemizila ngaphansi ayini ngohlelo lwesindebele? [5]
(ii) Asebenzeni emitshweni akiyo? [5]
(iii) Chasisa ukuthi linye ngalinye lawo lakhiwe njani? [15]
3 (a) Uphonguthi dobhi okuzincwathi wasephenduka.
(b) USipho muhle kodwa kulabantu abanengi
(c) Bomama ake likhuze abantwana.
(d) Udletshwe lugodo entanyeni
(e) Kwandise ukutshisa emini.
(i) Amabala alemizila ayini ngohlelo kwesiNdebele? [5]
(ii) Asebenzeni emitshweni akiyo?
[5]
(iii) Chasisa ukuthi linye ngalinye lakhiwe njani? [10]

Imibuzo
1. Izandiso zezibonelo ezilandelayo zehlukaniswe njani? Zakhiwe ngaziphi izakhi?
caca
a) Uxoxa ngohlelo lweSindebele.
b) UBhunu utshaywa nguBhungu.
c) Uhlala lenhlanya zabantu.
d) Ubonakala kahle umabonwakude kalankungu lamuhla.
e) Ukhangeleka njengaleziya ezinkenkeme.

Qondisa lapho okonakele khona. Beka obala izakhi okumele zisetshenziswe utsho ukuthi
kungani.
a) Badlala ibhola kunkundla yeLuveve.
b) Izihlanhla zihluma ehlobo linye ngalinye.
c) Okuphuma kumlomo wakhe kuyethusa lumntwana loba emncane kangaka.
d) Kumaphaphu akhe sebonakele nanku asekhukhumele agcwalisa isifuba.
e) Uzofika kuliphi ilanga njengoba usithi kungaba kunyanga ezayo?
3. Chasisa izinguquko eziba khona kule nkulumo imiklamo. Iqedise kakuhle.
Aemaphaphuini eikusaeni
Kuabakhe kuwuphi
Ougwaloeni OuThukela
Kibona

ISENZUKUTHI
Isenzukuthi lucezu lolimi olufeza imisebenzi emibili. Lungaba yisandiso kumbe lube
yisilandiso. Isenzukuthi yisilandiso nxa umutsho ungelaso isenzo. Isenzukuthi sizakuba
sisenza umsebenzi wesenzo sokulandisa. Nxa isenzo sikhona emutshweni, isenzukuthi
siba yisilandiso ngoba siyabe sikhanyisa isilandiso. Isenzukuthi singakhanyisa isibanjalo:

Umenzi Isilandiso Isandiso

Uyise Wamuthi mu ngempama
Amazinyo akhe Amhlophe nke
Ngumvundla mputshu
Yimbiza tshiyane
Umvundla ntshobe emlindini
Umbane banekiyane emazulwini
Bihli, bihli, bihli, bihli esililweni
Xhafu, xhafu ngengavula zamazinyo
Isenzukuthi sisebenza sibe yisandiso siphinde sibe yisilandiso. Siyadedelana lesenzo
lesibanjalo sibe yisilandiso lesandiso sibe yisandiso.
Isenzukuthi singahlelwa ngezindlela ezinengi. Sikhona isenzukuthi esilezakhi esiyiso
ngobugama baso njengo mbo, du, nke, tshu, bhuqe/. Singahlelwa gekle, vodlo, ntsi, mee,
ho ho ho. Singahlelwa ngamalunga, ukuthi silelunga elilodwa kumbe amangengi.
Amalunga angaba mabili, abe mathathu, abe mane, abe mahlanu mbo, gebhu, gamanxa,
folokohlo, gembelekeqe. Singahlelwa ngonobumba baso ukuphindwa bengonkamisa
kumbe bengongwaqa; vumbululu, khohlololo, nhlikilili khehlelele, wathalala.
Singahlelwa ngokuvela kwaso kwezinye izicezu zolimi. Izakhi ezibeka obala
ukuguqulwa kwezinye izincezu zolimi ngo/-iyane, -iyani, -i/.

Ukwakhiwa kwesenzukuthi
Isenzukuthi singabukiswa njengazo zonke izincezu zolimi ezingelazakhi zazo.
Singabukiswa ngemisindo yaso;
Bhudlu<bhu-u-dl-u nke<nk-e hutshu<h-tsh-u
Dinsi<s-ns-i vumbu<v-u-mbu gembelekeqe<g-e-mb-e-
l-e
k-e-q-e

Singabukiswa ngamalunga
Khehlelele<khe-hle-le-le votshololo<vo-tsho-lo-lo
Bhazalal<bha-za-la-la qithi<qi-thi
Kwesinye isikhathi sehlukaniseka ngezimo ezifanayo;
Phaxaphaxa<phaxa-phaxa khehlekhehle –khehhle-khehle
Vumbululu<vumbu-lulu wathalala<eatha<watha-lala
Nxa sivela esenzweni izakhi zokuguqulela zibonakala lula
Dinsi<dinsa-i qithi<qitha-i
Phekiyane<pheka-iyane dlaliyani<dlala-iyani.
Isihlanganiso
Isihlanganiso lucezu lolimi olusebenza ukuhlanganisa imitsho emibili kumbe emithathu
ukuze ube ngumutsho owodwa ombaxa.
Ukuhlelwa kwezihlanganiso
Isihlanganiso lucezu olusebenza ukuhlanganisa imitsho emibili.
(a) Izihlanganiso zomvelo
Lezi yizihlanganiso ezingaveli kwamanye amagama.
Izibonelo
Kanti, uma, ngakho, khepha, futhi
(b) Izihlanganiso ezivela kwamanye amagama
Lezi yizihlanganiso ezakhelwa phezulu kweziqu ezivela kwezinye ingcezu
zenkulumo.
Izibonelo
Kodwa, ukuze, ukuthi, ukuba
c) Izihlanganiso zesakhi La-
Isakhi sokuhlanganisa La-sisebenza lamabizo ukubumba izihlanganiso
Izibonelo
la + umuntu > Lomuntu
la+ itamatisi > Letamatisi
la + amathanga > Lamathanga.
Isihlanganiso singasebenza ukuhlanganisa umutsho
Isibonelo:
- Bona bayathandana. Bahlala besilwa.
- Bona bayathandana kodwa besilwa.
- Uzaphumelela esikolo. Sebenza nzima.
- Uzaphumelela esikolo nxa nzima.
Isihlanganiso singaba sekuqaleni komutsho
Isibonelo
- Kanti kuthiwa benzene?
- Uma esephuzile kasize abuye.
- Isihlanganiso singatholakala ekucinenei komutsho
Isibonelo
- Odadewabo bahle kodwa
- Uthanda banu pho?
Qaphela
- Kukhona amagama amathathu aqala ngo uku (ukuthi, ukuba, ukuze)
Lamagama angamabizo atholakala kusigaba 15.
- Kodwa loba engamabizo ayesetshenziswa njengezihlanganiso.
Isibonelo
Sebenza nzima ukuze uphumelele.
Uyakwazi yini ukuthi kusasa yisikolo?
Ukuba ngangisazi, ngangizamtshaya uNtombi.
Ezinye izibonelo zezihlanganiso yilezi:
Lokhu, noma, nxa, lapho ngoba
Ukwakhiwa kwezinye izihlanganiso
Izihlanganiso ezithethwe kwezinye incezu zenzulumo ziyakhiwa.
Indlela esizakha ngayo siyaboleka kulezoncezu esithathela kuzo izihlanganiso lezo.

Isibabazo
Isibabazo lucezu olusebenza ukubabaza. Igama libukisa ukusebenza kwalo ucezu.
Umuntu ubabaza nxa kwenzakale inkinga kudaleke ingxaki kumbe nxa intokozo
iqongile. Imizwa eminengi igubha ukubabaza. Umuntu ubabaza nxa ekhuba imihlobo,
eyethukile, ethabile, etshaywa luvalo, ekhangwe lusizi kumbe ebhekane lemizwa
lenhliziyo lomoya wemhlobonhlobo.
Izibabazo zingahlelwa ngemihlobo elandelayo.
ezinjabulo, halala, ngcingci
ezokuncenga, mayuyu, xola, phepha, phephisa
ezokwethuka/uvalo, maye, mayebaba, mamalo
ezokumangala, habe, mama, mamashane, hawu
ezokuvuma, yebo, ye, ehe
ezokulandula, hatshi, hayibo, qha, qha, bo
ezokulwa, washa kilibhi
ezokubingelela, sawubona, sanobona
ezitshengisa ukulandela inkulumo, o!hm,e
Amabizo angasetshenziswa njengezibabazo. Nxa umuntu ebizwa ngebizo, ngesibongo
kumbe ngesangelo sakhe, unkamisa osekuqaleni kwebizo uyasuswa.
Thambangela! Moyo! Dewa
Amabizo angasiwo abantu ayaguqulwa esabizweni:
Banumzana, zihloko! Mfowethu
Isimemezelo /we/ siyasebenza ukubabaza
We thambolenja!
We zihlobo!
We Moyo!
Umuntu uyafunga ngebizo elipheleleyo seliyibabazo.
Udadewethu! Umama! Bomalume! Bogogo!
Umuntu uyafunga ngegama elipheleleyo selisisibabazo;
Udadewethu! Umama! Inkosi! Bomalumakhe! Bogogo
Isababazo singaba ngumutshwana;
Dondolo lwamazibuko! Nkosi yamakhosi! Mhlekazi wezulu! Ngangezulu
kaMatshobana! Mthiyane ka Dengezi ka Makhubalobanzi!
Isenzo esiphoqayo siba yisibabazo; vuka suka! Hamba!
Izincezu zolimi ezehlukeneyo ziba yizibabazo; wena lina! Lokhu wuphi ofileyo;
uNakaJabulani ungatsho njalo! Awuzwe ke!

Ukwakhiwa kwezibabazo

(a) Amabizo akusigaba (la) asetshenziswa enjalo ngaphandle kweziqalo.

Izibonelo

(u) Themba > Themba

(u) Thokozani > Thokozani

(b) Amabizo akusigaba (2a) kususwa isiqalo sebizo besekuqaliswa ngesakhi /bo-/

Izibonelo:
 Obaba-bo + obaba > bobana

Odade-bo+odade>bodale

(c) Inengi lamabizo kususwa unkamisa wokuqala webizo

(i) bandla > badla
Amadoda > madoda
(d) Emabizweni athile kangajotshelelwa isakhi/–ndini/
Izibonelo
Isilima + ndini > silimandini
Vila + ndini > vilandini

Imitshwana
Imitshwana ihlelwe yabumba umcabango munye ochasisa umqondo othize. Lonke ucezu
lwenkulumo lulomutshwana. Kulomutshwana kasobizo, owesichasiso, owesandiso,
owesibanjalo, owesenzukuthi. Nxa uhlangana lamagama adwetshwe ahlanganiswa
mzilamunye, uyabe ubuzwa ngomutshwana. Uqanjwa ngegama lokuqala eliyiwo
umutshwana:
uhlala edolobheni; ngumutshwana wesenzo
umuntu omdala; ngumutshwana webizo.
yena omuhle kakhulu; ngumutshwana wesabizwana soqobo.
vodlo, vodlo imbambo zonke; ngumutshwana wensenzukuthi.
yinja igxavuna inyama; ngumutshwana wesibanjalo esichasisayo.
labaya bonke ababi, ngumutshwana wesabizwana sokukhomba.
bonke ababi labaya; nhumutshwana wesibizwana senani.
ababi bonke labaya; ngumutshwana wesibaluli.
Ukwakhiwa kwemitshwana
Lapho kusakhiwa imitshwana kutshengiswa ngokupheleleyo, indlela igama lakuqala
elakhiwe ngayo besekubethwa igama loba umtshwana olandelayo.
Izibonelo:
(a) Uhlala edolobheni > u + hla + a+ edolobheni
u – isivulelwano senhloko
 hlal – umsuka wesenzo
- a unkamisa wokucina wesenzo
edolobheni – sandiso sendawo
(b) Yena omuhle kakhulu > ye+ na + omuhle kakhulu
Ye- isiqalo sesabizwana
- na isiqu sesabizwana soqobo
Omuhle kakhulu umutshwana wesiphawulo

Ukusetshenziswa kwemitshwana
Lapho umfundi ebetha umsebenzi womutshwana ukhangela igama lakuqala.
Izibonelo:
Uhlala edolobheni – uyalandisa
Yena omuhle kakhulu-njengenhloko