KEINS MATRICULATION HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, ASIR NAGAR, VALLIOOR

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
1) Oxidation And Reduction
OXIDATION REDUCTION
1. Addition of oxygen Addition of hydrogen
2. removal of hydrogen Removal of oxygen
3. Loss of electron Gain of electron
4. Eg: C+ O2 → CO2 Eg: S+ H 2 → H 2 S

2) Diffusion And Effusion

Diffusion Effusion
The property of gas which involves the moment of Effusion is another process in which gas escapes
the gas molecules through another gas is called from my container through a very small hole
diffusion

3) Molecular Formula And Empirical Formula

Empirical formula
1 Empirical formula of a compound is the formula
written with the simplest ratio of the number of
different atoms present in one molecule of the
compound as subscript to the atomic symbol
2 It is the simplest formula of a compound
3 We can determine the empirical formula of a
compound from the % of composition of elements
Molecular formula
Molecular formula of a compound is the
formula written with the actual number of
different atoms present in one molecule as a
subscript to the atomic symbol
It is the original formula of a compound
We can calculate molecular formula form
empirical formula

4) Homolytic Fission And Heterolytic Fission

Homolytic cleavage
Covalent bond breaks symmetrically
Each of the bonded atom returns one electron
The cleavage results into free radicals
Heterolytic cleavage
Covalent bond breaks unsymmetrical
One of the bonded atoms retains the bond pair of
electrons
It results in the formation of a cation and an anion

5) Ideal Gas And Real Gas

Ideal gas Real gas
1 It obeys gas law under all the condition of It obeys gas laws only under low pressure and high
temperature and pressure temperature
2 No gas is ideal All gases are real
3 Volume occupied by the molecules is negligible Volume occupied by the molecules is not
as compared to the total volume occupied by the negligible as compared to the total volume
gas occupied by the gas
4 The force of attraction among the molecular gas The force of attraction among the molecules
are negligible cannot be negligible at high Pressure and low
temperature
5 Ideal gas equation It was Van der Waals equation

( )
(PV = nRT) a n2
P+ ( V −nb )=RT
V2
 KEINS MATRICULATION HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, ASIR NAGAR, VALLIOOR
6 Z=1 Z≠1

6) Cis Isomer And Trans Isomer

S.n Cis isomers Trans isomers
o
1 Least stable More stable
2 Lower density Higher density
3 Higher solubility Lower solubility
4 Low melting point High melting point
5 Affected by Vander Waals repulsive and steric Free from Vander Waals repulsive and steric
hindrence hindrence

7) Nucleophiles And Electrophiles

Nucleophiles Electrophiles
Electron rich Electron deficient
Often anions Cations
Lewis bases Lewis acids
Donate an electron pair Accept an electron pair
Attack on electron deficient sites Attack on electron rich sites
Process a minimum of one lone pair of Possess an empty d-orbital to house the lone pair from the
electron nucleophiles

8) Molecular Mass And Molar Mass

Molecular mass Molar mass
1 The relative molecular mass is defined as the ratio of the Molar mass is defined as the mass of 1
mass of a molecule to the unified atomic mass unit mole of a substance
2 The relative molecular mass of any compound can be Molar mass of a compound is equal to
calculated by adding the relative atomic masses of its sum of the relative masses of its
constituent atoms constituents
3 It is expressed in ‘u’ It is expressed in gmol−1
4 Molecular mass of CO = 12+16=28u Molar mass of CO = 28 gmol−1

9) Inductive Effect And Mesomeric Effect

Inductive effect
It is operative in saturated compounds
It involves Sigma electron
The electron pair is lightly displaced from its
position and thus a partial charges developed
It is negligible after second carbon atom
Mesomeric effect
It is operating in saturated compounds having
conjugated system
Pi bonds or lone pair of electrons involved
The electron pair is completely displaced and full
negative or positive charge developed
It is transmitted from end to end through
conjunction

வெ.ரமேஷ்குமார் பணிவு இல்லாத வெற்றி! வெற்றி!

M.Sc.M.d.MBA.MLIS,PGDCA ஆகாது.
கெய்ன்ஸ் மெட்ரிக்
முயலும் வெல்லும் ஆமையும்
மேல்நிலைப்பள்ளி வள்ளியூர்
வெல்லும் முயலாமை வெல்லாது!