Causes of volcanic eruptions

1. High pressure in the interior of the earth.

2. High temperatures in the interior of the earth which changes the solid rock materials into
molten material.
3. Faulting of the earth crust causes cracks
through which volcanic materials escapes.

2. External forces : are those forces that occur on the earth’s surface and change it’s shape.
A. Denudation: is the wearing-away of top soil and rocks from the earth surface.
I. Weathering: is the breaking of rocks on or below the earth surface without
movements.
TYPES OF WEATHERING
1. Physical or mechanical weathering.
2. Chemical weathering.
3. Biological weathering.

FACTORS AFFECTING WEATHERING

1. Climate.
2. Nature of rocks.
3. Action of plants and animals

II. Erosion: is the removal of rocks and other deposits on the earth surface by the
action of wind, water or moving ice.
III. Transport: movement of rock particles over the earth surface.

B. Deposition: accumulation of eroded materials.

Causes of deposition:
1. By water
2. By ice
3. By wind
4. By living organism