Solver Ansys procedure

Ansys result mesh

preprocess
solvetransport
eqn

Mass momentum
energyCheat
transferinvolved

leanwith
derivative
partial
CFD convert
governing eqn to algebraic
eqn
system
eqn
solvethesystem
iterative method egn
apply mesh
by

error diff between appro A original eqn

depend
on mesh sire

Egns Basic Classification

eqn eqn that govern fluid

behavior
Governing

behavior
offluid describe
by
mathematicalstatement

lawof physics
consist conservation

Conservation
Mass massconserved for fluid

Momentum Newton's
2ndLaw

rateofchangeofmomentum equal sumoffora act

onfluid

1st Law of thermodynamic

Energy
 gy I

boundaryvalue problem

derivation
of eqn base
on Iconservationotprinciple

in
solvable too mu unknown

Aearfor
obtainmoreunknowns

eqn with moredata

some

Miryang eqn
have Deft

I
materialproperty

Ideal Equation of state

gas

Constitutive stress strain relation

relation

Set define material property solving modal

up

Understand
each termfromeqn get meaningofeachterm physical meaning

Egnfor appro convert PDE algebraic

eqn
4 include truncation error
Solve
iteratively getsomelevelof accuracy

residuegoes
otiitchettetitiingown
soldconverge exact som
 Boundary condition numeralform
forBC

The essence of CFD

imaginary control volume

Integral form Finite Volume balance

of a property in any arbitaryfinite volumeCeu
Rateof Net influx Netrateof
Accumulation through surface Generation

enter inside

two
method
tosolve
Mass
conversation Continuity Egr

ConservationLaw matter neither becreate nor destroyed

may

Fixed control volume fixed

in space

volume bounded
by surfaceelement

Me rateofchangeof Masswithin controlvolume Mass flux crossingsurfaces ofvolumeV

arbitary W velocity

integral form fuplay fsplifDds surfaceelement

nodrmal
vector

volume integral
to a surfaceintegral

Gauss's
divergence theorem
 g
Irdirp idu Is pti nds
surface inteugal volume integral

Apply surface int to volume int

fr rpi dro for

valid volumeV
any size
equivalent

ftp.r dot
WH g j product

yyyyg.gg mass conservation

et
sievevalidfor
allu abletosimplify

Cartesian coordinate system 3D continuity eqn

Ateneo
div V derivative
of velocityat all direction
Control volume
approach

control volume locate between two

stationary plate
 rateof increase of mass
Within element

netratechange at mas enter element inflow outflow

Mt Enni Eutin

Rateofmass left surface at k tax express by Taylor expansion

east
i orange

Itruneation error
let Y oylX titty
Ipot g Away 01oz or

Area t to oz

mass offluid poltergysiolume

HETH pa oyez et oxoz prooxy putt t ox

got

H
pi Y oyloxoz llpwttdftfozloxsytsvolox.oy.bz
dot
rateof
rate change of
change massintout

e applychainruleto expand eqn

It HI YET two
partial derivation
densityx component velocity
 I I 1

Substantial derivative

ty
tjj.TT
tei to

F e Ft't 0

It substantial derivative
for Cartesian coordinates

OCdensitydoesn't change flow

incompressible

BE time rateof change followingalmovingfted

Iii
offluidelement
density

It timerate
ofchange at alfixedlocation localderivatives

Incompressible
flow
rateofchangeofdensity o
flow incompressible density offluidelement remain constant
t rectorofvelocity

Piggy
Given
VuY W velocity
vector
applyon
fluidelement

lamijt.itigaw
flow incompressible divergence 0

simplify egns Aproblem

 Any arbitary property 0
or unit mass

tent I
iimetm
P pthtputt putty
I
multiplyeach term
bydensity

Relationship between conservative non conservative

1 481 Hit 4ft pt tpu teutytpwEz

Expand
eanbychainrule
bycontinuityear
egypt gyp tagging
tyg
p1
Non conservative describe conservation
ofphysicalquanity
conservative

Non conservative describe momentum theorem

understand whichforces
actonsurfaceelement
Momentum
Newton 2nd Law
eqn apply

142L sumof forceacting

on allelementequal productofmass acceleration

WriteHorus surfaces
on momentum
 normalforces shearforces
pressure
LLtoer Catlingparallel to Cu

Normalstress
pressure body
forces Acton bodyoffluid not fluid element

gravitational magnetic
tangential forces shear

All forces
DIE for actingon
surface element

o x component
of 142L

SFxMax

acceleration
Axby substantial derivative

D Moving fluid
element

Ax

Mass of fluid element poxoyoz

rateofincreaseof X momentum
p oxoyoz

tattooand
jig
gravitation element

electromagnetic

SF for Velocity component

U

Gxx Zxy 2x
notmal
Tangential
1tox axis
 change Afterdistance
Stress

ft
surface

dueto
stress

By combine the sumof surfaceforceson fluid element

x momentum
canbecome
if
exist body
forceact
onCV

PRE TT ty 4 Hsebodyford

of
conservation momentum
eqn
to
Similarmethod derive
yest
direction

PRI IT 4ft 4 spy

bodyforce

PBI tf Iz
tore
body

Him site

ttEst
combination
of pressure Kn s
p

Newtonian fluid writesuitable model for solving visions stress

stress
strain relationship
ofVisionsitywillbecoeffof proportionally

Visions stress willbe proportionalto deformation of

visiousity

only applicable to Newtonian fluid

 Blood
non newtonian
fluid

complicated
eqn

Rateof linear deformationonthecontrolvolox

oyoz bymotionoffluid
intermsof velocity gradients

Normal stress
relationship
Gxx
p tax
apartofdeformationrate
Gyp
p 2yy d
relates to volumedeformation
Nam'sLaw
Y'normal Wrk s mads

2x an 41 It 42M Et 41
4 deformationwith
Za Intf I 1g volumetric

nIWIIIY
2xy.ME az.zx.net tJt
ZyzZzy ulTyEz
a eqn above will be easierto write if assume flow is incompressible

Fx by 47 o incompressible flow situation

proportionality
constant
u X
fist dynamic viscosityrelatestress
tolinear deformation

2nd visiosity relate stresses

tothe volumetric deformation

X 3M I stole hypothesis
 I applyfor gases

kinematic
viscosity K

of equi for
Navier Stokes momentum conservation Newtonianfluid
egos
eachterm on Cartesian coordinates
adiffusion ofmomentum

include some
eqn
4 assumption

existsimplification at

simplifyeqn

Assumption made Constant fluid property stress involve

viscosity

for most 4 it not

just
applicable deflated
constant
visiosity ofstress
derivative

cases

No bodyforces no
boundary

Alltransport comprise offour majorterms

eyes

each term have effectonchangesandmigration

corresponding
ofanytransportfluidproperty
p UV W T 0

Local acceleration
or Local derivative

time dependent unsteady term

 I I
Advection Convection
on Term

inertia force
offluid flow

Diffusion
term

diffusion
of fluid properties

Source term

comefrom generation
x dissipation term
for transport properties
Casewithnobodyforce momentum
offluiddrivenbypressure gradient

IT ÉÉiiÉÉiw

is
HS eqn not complete 3 for velocity t I forcontinuity

6 unknown component of Velocity

fluid density

viscosity offluid

thermodynamic without
pressure explint eqn

Coupled
pressure velocity by continuity
eqn
 I 1 I 1 9
conservation
ofmass
I
solve
iteratively

more unknown than not solvable

byhand
eqn

Pressure Determination

For incompressible flow a density

constant

pressure
getfrom continuity
eqn

flow
Compressible
density
function
of pressure
determine
by continuity eqn t Equation of state

Eq of forpressure
turn iontinuity
eqn to eqn
state

NS egn sol only givenfor simplify

eqn

BC
atsurface0
velvety

velvetyatmidhigh fullydevelop flow

0
derivative develop onsomelength
exist exact sold

by N s eqn

axial dependence
on
horizontal
velocity solve formof x momentum
by appropriate eqn
 pe
1 I 4 111 9
vertical component zero everywhere

o Fiel't 4 4 7 0
incompressible flow
vertical
no
only2D noz
direction

Ty tu X momentum
simplifyfrom Ns e
gu
diffusion pressure

Simple balance between shear A pressure force

After integrating once N s equ integrableforsimplifiedeqn

y tutty a

2nd integrating byapply boundary condition

Ulp In E y't Er
twoconstant
term

BC forfind C for

U0 at no slip at
y edge
surface

Y o at yo symmetry at middle
of plate
Flow D laminar mean velocity

2D plate channel flow peg um uC E

 I
flow velocity change between
two plates
by parabolic shape

property of laminarflow

for Tyto yo
HY tu got a C0

For 4 0 yE

OEnCHICEter

Cr InCHIEF
Zuma HEY
up
obtain parabolic
profile for laminarflowfortwoplates

for laminar fully develop How

I flow
profile parabolic

turbulent complicated

parabolic

increase
velocity flatter profile

diff flow type diff behavior

t diffeqn tosolve by computer

sold change flow behavior

by
 g I
based
assumption on physical prob parameter setup