CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the

researcher in conducting the study which includes the research design, method

and procedures, respondents of the study, population of the study, research

instrument, that helped the researcher for further data gatherings.

3. 1 Research Design

This study will utilize a qualitative research approach, specifically

focusing on descriptive and comparative analysis. The qualitative approach will

enable in-depth exploration and understanding of the unique terminologies used in

the Subanen Language. This will be used to gather detailed information in

comparing, analyzing, and identifying the variations and similarities in the

terminologies between the two locations.

The researcher will use ethnographic interviews, to conduct interviews

with native Subanen speakers in Salug and Siayan to gather insights about their

language, including terminologies used in various domains such as family, nature,

culture, and everyday life. It also includes observing and recording the language

usage in different contexts and settings to identify specific terminologies and their

usage patterns.
3.2 Research Locale

The researcher will conduct their study in Salug and Siayan Zamboanga

del Norte. These locations provide unique settings to study the Subanen language

and its terminologies. By conducting research in these locales, everyone can

explore the differences in the terminologies used by the Subanen communities in

each area, their distinct cultural, historical, and geographical characteristics.

Salug, Zamboanga del Norte is a municipality located in the province of

Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. It is situated in the northern part of the

province, characterized by lush forest, rivers, and agricultural landscapes. This

community is home to a significant Subanen community, with Subanen language

being spoken by the residents. The community’s cultural practices, traditions, and

historical background contribute to the unique terminologies used in the Subanen

language within this locale.

According to PhilAtlas, its population as determined by the 2020 Census

was 32,134. This represented 3.07% of the total population of Zamboanga del

Norte province, or 0.83% of the overall population of the Zamboanga Peninsula

region. Salug is politically subdivided into 23 barangays.

Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte is a municipality located in the province of

Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. It is situated in the eastern part of the

province, characterized by the mountainous terrain, forest, and agricultural areas.

Siayan is another area where the Subanen language is spoken, with a distinct local

dialect and terminologies. The Subanen community in Siayan has its cultural

heritage and historical influences that shape the language usage in this locale.

Siayan (Siay-Ayan) got its name from the leader of the Subanen tribe that

inhabited the area, The name of his Wife was Siayan and the leader’s nickname

was Ayan. According to PhilAtlas, its population as determined by the 2020

Census was 36,236. This represented 3.46% of the total population of Zamboanga

del Norte province, or 0.93% of the overall population of the Zamboanga

Peninsula region. Siayan is politically subdivided into 22 barangays.

Figure 2. Map of Salug and Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte

3.3 The Participants

The researcher selects and approach participants ethically and respectfully.

Obtain informed consent from all participants and ensure their privacy and

confidentiality throughout the research process. The researcher engaging open and

respectful communications, valuing the participants’ knowledge and contributions

to the study. The 50 participants are selected through random sampling according to

the researchers’ criteria that includes, participants will be individuals who are native

Subanen speakers that have grown up in either Salug and Siayan, have a deep

understanding of the Subanen language, including its vocabulary, grammar, and

cultural nuances. Their expertise can contribute to understanding the significance of

certain terminologies and their usage within the Subanen community.

3.4 Data Gathering

The researcher constructed a questionnaire.to conduct individual

interviews, allowing for open-ended questions to explore their understanding and

usage of terminologies from both Salug and Siaya, Zamboanga del Norte. The

interviews and observations are recorded for accurate data analysis and reference.

The researcher explains to the respondents the importance of their response to the

study.

This study provides an approval letter to the mayors’ office before

conducting a research study to ensure and obtain informed consent from

participants, respect cultural protocols, and maintain ethical guidelines throughout

the data gathering process. The researchers taking diligent notes and record all

data accurately for comprehensive analysis and interpretation.

“The difference between the terminologies of Subanen language speaking
in Salug and Siayan, Zamboanga del Norte.”

Phase 1 Phase 2

Construction of open-ended Construction of open-ended

questionnaire and approval questionnaire and approval
letter/pre-notification letter letter/pre-notification letter
for the respondents. for the respondents.

Presenting approval Presenting approval

letter/pre-notification to the letter/pre-notification to the
qualified respondents from qualified respondents from
Siayan, ZDN. Salug, ZDN.

Presentation of open-ended Presentation of open-ended

questionnaire to the selected questionnaire to the selected
qualified respondents. qualified respondents.

Tallying/compiling of data Tallying/compiling of data

gathered from Siayan, gathered from Salug,
Zamboanga del Norte. Zamboanga del Norte.

Data analyzing