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CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY
By: Haseeb Jamal / On: Feb 09, 2017 / DEFINITION , PROCESSES , FACTORS AFFECTING
De nition:
Transporting the concrete mix is defined as the transferring of concrete from the mixing plant to the construction site. The main objective in transporting
concrete is to ensure that the water-cement ratio, slump or consistency, air content, and homogeneity are not modified from their intended states.
Concrete produced from a mixer is required to be transported to the forms for placement. This handling may produce segregation and loss of slump, if
the distance is long.
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11/11/2018 Methods of Transportation of Concrete - Dumpers, Trucks, Belt Conveyors, Monorail, Tremie
So now discussing transporting methods further in detail:
b. Burrows
Manual wheel burrow has capacity up to 80 kg of concrete (2.5 Cu-ft). It is used for long horizontal distances.
Power burrows' capacity is up to 800 kg and can be used for horizontal distances upto 300m. They can also be used to haul concrete to a
gradient of 20%. Part of the mixer is single burrow. If you take a part of concrete in one burrow and the other part of concrete in another
burrow, it might be problematic because uniformity of concrete will be disturbed.
d. Monorail system
Monorail system needs a track and consists of a power wagon mounted on the single rail track, which can move at a speed of 80-90 m/min.
This kind of tracks are used in construction of tunnels, dams and other such kind of constructions.
Segregation of concrete may take place due to jolting of concrete in the wagon over each rail joint. Hence, wet mixess are generally
unsuitable for monorail transport. When the rail track runs over the slab form, the wagon can directly discharge on the form.
Cranes or cableways may be used for three dimensional transport of concrete. Cable way is useful in river valley projects; cranes of various
types are also useful in high rise building construction in congested sites.
Depending upon the site, cranes may be any one of the following types such as derrick crane, tower crane, crawler mounted, or wheel
mounted, or a hydraulic crane.
The main consideration in selecting the crane is height and radius of operation.
g. Belt Conveyor
Belt conveyor is used for very short distance, not for large distances
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1. Roll-over and
2. Constant altitude type
The capacity of skip may vary from 0.2 m3 in small jobs to 10m3. It depends upon the size.
The control of discharges is obtained from good design in terms of shape of the gate for proper flow. The ease of filling and resistance to
wear and tear are other aspects of good design.
Buckets are also used for under water concreting.
Each of this method is used in different situation. First let look at buckets, buckets can be used through cranes and that sort of equipment. It is filled up
from top and lifted off up, when its reach the ground where it is supposed to discharge, open the screws at the bottom, when buckets is lifted up more so
the scot is actually on the ground and concrete is discharged with in scot which does not immediately come into water, this is one common way to use
under water concrete.
Tremie
The most common way to use concrete under water is tremie; this is done by tremie pipe. There are 2 retaining walls beside the tremie pipe. This pipe is
made piece by piece, and concrete is discharged at the bottom. Only the cement of top surface will contact with water, rest of the concrete will not
contact with the water. The other method which can be used for mixing and can transport over a large distance is through "ready mixed concrete". This is
very much used where the area is congested and one cannot mix the concrete on site.
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