Challenges Encountered, Stress Mangement Skills, and Physical Education Performance of Junior High School Students in The New Normal

CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED, STRESS
MANGEMENT SKILLS, AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION

PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS IN THE NEW NORMAL
PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL

2023
Volume: 10
Pages: 207-223
Document ID: 2023PEMJ847
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8098332
Manuscript Accepted: 2023-28-6
Psych Educ, 2023, 10: 207-223, Document ID:2023 PEMJ847, doi:10.5281/zenodo.8098332, ISSN 2822-4353
Research Article
Challenges Encountered, Stress Mangement Skills, and Physical Education

Performance of Junior High School Students in the New Normal
Jerold G. Cebal*
For affiliations and correspondence, see the last page.
Abstract
A survey-correlational type of research was conducted to ascertain the challenges encountered, stress
management skills and PE performance of junior high school students in the new normal. The participants of this
study were the three hundred (300) randomly selected Grade 7 to 10 students out of a total population of two
thousand one hundred thirty-one (2,131) of Jalandoni Memorial National High School for the 2021–2022
school year. The data in this study were collected using questionnaire which was consisted of four (4) parts.
Part 1 was the profile of the respondents; Part 2 challenges encountered a researcher- made questionnaire. Part 3
stress management skills a researcher-made questionnaire. Part 4 PE performance (Quarter 3- MELC Based
Module of the Department of Education Region 6-Western Visayas 3rd Quarter Physical Education Practical
Examination,2021) a standardized questionnaire and was sent through Google Forms. The independent variables
in this study were the challenges encountered and stress management skills while the dependent variable was the
PE performance. The statistical tools used in the study were mean, standard deviation, t-test, and for inferential
statistics One-way ANOVA and Pearson r was used. The level of significance was set at 0.05 for all inferential
tests. Based on the results, the major findings of the study were: the level of the top 10 challenges encountered
was moderate, the level of the top 10 stress management skills was high, and the level of the PE performance
was good of the junior high school students in the new normal. There was no significant difference in PE
performance among the levels of challenges encountered of junior high school students in the new normal. There
was no significant difference in PE performance among the levels of stress management skills of junior high
school students in the new normal. There was no significant relationship among challenges encountered, stress
management skills and PE performance of junior high school students in the new normal. An intervention
program was created by the researcher to refine challenges encountered, stress management skills and PE
performance of junior high school students in the new normal.
Keywords: challenges encountered, stress management skills, PE performance
Introduction accomplish their modules. They help their parents with

housework or babysit for their younger siblings. The
lack of motivation to study was attributable to the fact
The COVID-19 outbreak wreaked havoc on multitude that self-studying differed from school-based teaching
of sectors throughout the world, especially in the with teacher and student interaction. Routinary
academe, causing changes that happened rapidly and activities at home make the student boredom and want
abruptly. This leads the education system and to return to school.
stakeholders to embrace the new normal. Online and
modular classes for students are usually associated With all the problems students are facing in school and
with a wide range of experiences and emotions. The in their personal lives, it is possible that they could
transition to the new normal may even be smooth at
have an emotional and psychological breakdown,
times, but it can be rough, or outright rough, at other
which might damage their school performance and
times.
their ability to manage their lives.
The educational pursuit of students in this new normal
Stress is a reaction to external factors, difficulties, or
was characterized with difficulties. Students are
struggling mostly with self-studying, a lack of circumstances. Things like impending deadlines,
financial resources to compensate the educational difficult decisions, or health threats come to mind
demands at school, and parents' lack of understanding (Yasmin, Khalil, and Mazhar, 2020).
to academically guide their child/children (Dangle and
Sumaoang, 2020). It is ideal for students to acquire stress management
skills that help them break the effect of stress has on
Some students disliked home study because they were school and life. The ultimate objective is to live a
often distracted by their personal affairs. balanced life with time for study, relationships, leisure,
Uncontrollable use of gadgets and engaging in other and fun, as well as the fortitude to withstand pressure
activities while they forget or lack of time to and confront obstacles head-on.
Jerold G. Cebal 207/223

Research Article
Physical education activities are crucial for many generating connections and gaining understanding. If
students in getting them active and building healthy students remain unwilling to reflect on prior
habits. When schools were closed, however, this information and engage their mental processes, they
subject was challenging to modify for a virtual will not be able to learn. Therefore, teachers must
environment. What physical education teachers can work hard to inspire them participate in the learning
accomplish in face-to-face classes and with students process.
self-studying from home Learning is a two-way
process, so how will it be implemented at home. Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory is divided into
two components. First, learning is divided into four
Many challenges remain in the implementation of stages. Learners, according to Kolb, should ideally go
distance teaching in physical education, including a through the phases to complete a cycle, transforming
lack of course resources, teachers' lack of information their experiences into knowledge. Second, Kolb's
literacy, difficulty in implementing traditional teaching Theory's focused on learning styles, or the cognitive
plans online, limited opportunities for students to processes that took place to gain knowledge. In
exercise at home, and skepticism about online physical essence, Kolb felt that people might show their
education (Wei, Yu-Yu, and Hung-Lung, 2021). knowledge, or the learning they had done, by applying
abstract concepts to new contexts (Serhat Kurt, 2020).
The researcher chose to study the shift of the
educational system from online and modular learning Kolb’s learning process cycle begins with a concrete
to face-to-face classes, to understand its significant experience. By engaging in the challenges encountered
impact on the students' well-being. The students by the students, they will acquire new knowledge. The
confronted unanticipated challenges, bringing a learner takes a step back after engaging in the concrete
stressful scenario with them, and it turns out that their experience to reflect on the challenges encountered.
physical fitness level is concerning. Furthermore, the This stage of the learning cycle allows the learner to
transition period that we all called "The New Normal". ask questions and talk with others about their
experiences. At this point, communication is
This study was grounded on the theory of
fundamental because it helps the learner recognize any
Constructivism and was viewed using Kolb's
conflicts between their knowledge and real-life
Experiential Learning as its theoretical perspective.
experience. Making meaning of these occurrences is
the next phase in the learning cycle. By reflecting on
Learners are active participants in their learning
past information, applying stress management they are
journeys, according to constructivist theory,
familiar with, or debating plausible theories with
knowledge is produced through experiences. As events
peers, the learner seeks to draw inferences from the
occur, everyone reflects on their own experience and
experience. When the learner begins to classify stress
integrates new concepts into their existing knowledge.
management and draw judgments about what
Learners create schemas to arrange their newly learned
happened, they shift from introspective observation to
information (Serhat Kurt, 2021).
abstract conceptualization.
The students’ stress management on challenges
encountered was based on pre-COVID experience and This entails analyzing the event and drawing parallels
the new learning brought about by the pandemic as with their present grasp of the idea. Learners can
they adjusted to the new normal of education. Anyone assess new information and adjust their findings based
can contribute their individual experiences to the on previously held beliefs. This is the assessment step
learning activity and eliminate separate matter, so the of the cycle. Learners return to the experience, this
knowledge gained will be unique to the student's time with the purpose of applying what they've learned
perspective. Constructivist learning theory is to new situations. They can create predictions, assess
completely reliant on each student's unique viewpoint tasks, and make future action based on what they've
and experiences. learned. You can ensure that information is kept in the
future by allowing learners to put their knowledge into
Hands-on activities or physical performance are practice and demonstrate how it is relevant to their
inadequate for information retention. The relevance of lives.
active participation and reflection in the learning
process could be emphasized. Students must mentally In PE performance students study the dancing
perceive activities to have a complete knowledge. instructions and rubrics in connection to their PE
performance on the first stage. The next stage is to
Motivation, like active engagement, is essential for execute the dance, and then to reflect on or evaluate

Research Article
their performance to see if the movement they and actionable insights into the primary stakeholders
performed followed the instructions and the rubrics in enhancing student engagement and providing high-
precisely. The final phase is to incorporate the quality online education during and following
technique and style they learned into the performance. pandemics (Namboodiri, 2022).The educational
system responded quickly to the issue of student
Research Questions learning. This study looked at how well kids could
connect to the internet and if they had access to
This study aimed to determine level of challenges learning gadgets at home.
encountered, stress management skill and PE
performance of junior high school students in the new The researchers employed an online survey as the
normal. Specifically, this study sought answers to the major data collection method in a descriptive cross-
following questions: sectional study design. This study received 2,894
replies from students at a local higher education
1. What are the levels of the top 10 challenges institution in Central Luzon, Philippines, using a
encountered of junior high school students in the new convenience sample approach. The data was collected
normal? using a modified questionnaire and submitted for
2. What are the levels of the top 10 stress management simple statistical analysis. According to the survey's
skills of junior high school students in the new findings, 70% of pupils have an internet connection at
normal? home. Smartphones, on the other hand, are at the top
3. What is the level of PE performance of junior high of the list of learning gadgets available to pupils. To
school students in the new normal? recapitulate, the school can develop a flexible learning
4. Is there a significant difference in PE performance strategy for students, particularly during this pandemic
among the levels of challenges encountered of junior era (Asio, et al., 2021).
high school students in the new normal?
5. Is there a significant difference in PE performance Changes in the personal, societal, and economic
among the levels of stress management skills of junior sectors are among the consequences of the COVID-19
high school students in the new normal? emergency. Are there any continuities? The following
6. Are there significant relationships among challenges question is addressed based on a literature assessment
encountered, stress management skills and PE (mainly of UNESCO and OECD publications and their
performance of junior high school students in the new critics): How can one avoid passive technologization
normal? and grab the opportunity to achieve a responsive,
ethical, humane, and international-transformational
approach to education? While technological
Literature Review
advancement is a continuing and clearly accelerating
trend, it is not without its detractors, particularly those
Challenges Encountered linked to the humanistic educational heritage. This is
especially true today when education is being viewed
Even though higher education institutions were early as a complex discussion. Students' well-being in a
adopters of remote learning via virtual, synchronous complex and uneven society needs a variety of, even
classrooms, the effectiveness of this medium has contradictory, perceptions of the world, its issues, and
received mixed assessments. Engaging online students the modes of education (Pacheco, 2021).The shutdown
is a huge challenge for instructors and organizations. has had a significant impact on college students as
Establishing positive learning outcomes and keeping online learning has grown more widespread in higher
student engagement during class is crucial for a education institutions.
pleasant learning experience in the face of a multitude
of distractions at home. To attain the same level of This study analyzes the impact of pandemic-related
success with online learning, one must overcome the lifestyle modifications on mental health conditions for
limitations of the medium while promoting college students in South Korea and Taiwan in the
collaboration, discussion, and participation, all of spring of 2020, using data obtained from college
which are critical components of a successful learning students in both countries. The outcomes were
environment. This entails concentrating their efforts on threefold. First, as compared to Taiwanese college
acquiring a deep understanding of student participation students, South Korean college students spent less time
in online learning. As a result, the present chapter aims traveling, hanging out with friends, dining out, and
to provide stakeholders with a holistic understanding working part-time, while spending more time online
of student engagement. The approach offers realistic shopping and ordering meals for delivery. Second,

Research Article
college students in South Korea expressed more a 5% level of significance.The current research
anxiety, a higher likelihood of coming into contact included a total of 347 undergraduate students,
with someone who has COVID-19, and a lower degree yielding an 87.6% response rate. Between students of
of happiness than college students in Taiwan. Third, various grades and sexes, there were no significant
our data shows that in South Korea and Taiwan, social differences in the DES and PSS total scores.
activities, such as spending time with friends, were Significant variations in DES "workload" and "self-
positively connected with mental health issues. Given efficacy beliefs" ratings were observed across students
the increase in confirmed COVID-19 cases in South from various study years (all P 0.05). Multiple linear
Korea and the corresponding greater use of online regression analysis revealed a negative correlation
teaching platforms there, the study argues that a between DES and PSS scores and GPA, but a positive
decrease in socialization and interaction under these correlation between sex and GPA (all P 0.05). Female
new circumstances may be a significant factor that pupils greatly outperformed male students in terms of
explains an increase in mental health issues in Korean grade point average.
college students compared to Taiwanese students
(Chen, Song, Yap, 2021). Stress levels were modest for dental students in Fujian,
China. While the quantity of stress experienced did not
COVID-19 limits resulted in a decrease in physical vary by research year, the causes of stress changed.
activity, a rise in screen time, and a decline in mental Academic performance was inversely connected with
health in children. However, further study into the stress levels and sexual orientation (Lin et al.
experiences of high school student-athletes is needed. 2019).Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, universities
Twenty high school student-athletes from Calgary, and colleges worldwide have transferred campus-
Alberta, participated in phenomenographic semi- based education online. This study examines the effect
structured interviews to discuss the influence of the of this unexpected shift in learning and teaching from
COVID-19 pandemic on their physical activity, social six universities in three nations. Our data reveal that
ties, and mental health. According to participants, stay- although online and remote learning was enjoyable for
at-home limits and the weather have an influence on some students, there were disparities. Many students
physical exercise, social interactions, and mental lacked practical equipment and had trouble finding
health. Physical activity participation was influenced accommodation and workspace. Students and
by the availability of tools, changes in routines, online professors, particularly those in insecure positions,
programs, and social support. When the virus first were anxious. Lack of fieldwork and access to labs
broke out, school and sports provided opportunities for posed unique obstacles. Lack of hands-on experience
in-person social contact. may cause a fall in enrolment and majors in geography
during the next several years. Making beginning
Participants' mental health was affected by cultural classes as exciting as possible can help. After the
relationships, online education, and physical activity. epidemic, the next academic year 2020–2021 will
At COVID-19, the findings of this survey will be indicate how much online and remote learning can
utilized to assist in developing tools for high school replace campus-based, face-to-face geography
student-athletes (Shepherd, et al., 2021).The purpose instruction. Regardless of the pandemic's direction, the
of this research was to determine the level of stress COVID-19 crisis has highlighted underlying issues
experienced by dentistry undergraduate students in and injustices that will need our collective attention
Fujian, China, as well as the variables that contribute (Day et al. 2021).COVID-19 has disrupted most
to stress.This cross-sectional research was place during sectors worldwide. In most nations, education is the
the second semester of the 2017-2018 academic year at only sector totally online. Continuing education,
Fujian Medical University's School of Stomatology in particularly higher education, was best done online
China. An online survey technique was used to collect during the epidemic. Due to the COVID-19 epidemic,
data from 396 students using the Dental Environment this research attempts to assess the problems and
Stress Questionnaire (DES) and the Perceived Stress hurdles faced by English language learners (ELL) in
Scale (PSS). Additionally, personal data about Science and Arts College, Alula, Taibah University,
participants were obtained, such as their gender, age, Saudi Arabia. This study's contribution is to examine
year of study, and grade point average (GPA). To the learners' new online education experiences and the
compare the stress ratings, we used a one-way analysis virtual learning techniques' practicality. This is done
of variance (ANOVA). To investigate the relationships by evaluating 184 students' survey replies. The study's
between stress and academic achievement, Pearson validity was tested using descriptive statistics. The
correlation and multiple linear regression analyses primary issues affecting online EFL learning during
were used. Every statistical analysis was conducted at COVID-19 include technological, academic, and

Research Article
communication issues. The survey found that most Babicka et al., 2021).
EFL learners are dissatisfied with online learning since
they are not making anticipated progress in language The COVID-19 epidemic offered diverse obstacles for
acquisition (Mahyoob, 2020). educators and students throughout the globe. To
contribute to the research on instructors' and students'
Recently, the school system has been jolted by an reactions to the pandemic, the purpose of this study
extraordinary health crisis. In the midst of the was to identify the problems and coping techniques of
COVID-19 epidemic, it is critical to analyze students' self-directed language learners. Based on the Zone of
online learning experiences. Despite several research, Proximal Development Theory and using a case study
little is known about the problems students face and approach, eight self-directed college language learners
the solutions they use to overcome them. So this from three purposefully and conveniently chosen
research fills the hole. The results demonstrated that Philippine higher education institutions were
college students' online learning problems differed in interviewed. In addition, three instructors and two
kind and magnitude. In terms of technical literacy and parents were questioned for triangulation purposes.
skill, they faced the most challenges at home. The Emerging themes indicated that self-directed language
COVID-19 epidemic had the largest influence on learners had trouble consulting with instructors,
student mental health and learning quality. practical challenges and inadequate Internet
connections, as well as family obligations and
The most often utilized student techniques were diversions. To overcome these obstacles, they
resource management, assistance seeking, technical improved their time management and self-discipline,
aptitude improvement, time management, and learning fostered their independence, and established
environment control. Classroom practice, policy and contingency plans. In addition, students developed
future research implications are examined (Barrot, self-motivation and academic independence via self-
Llenares and del Rosario 2021).The pandemic of directed language acquisition in the new norm. This
COVID-19 has altered the operations of institutions indicates a successful adjustment to a new typical
worldwide. In Poland, the switch to online instruction manner of learning (Agum, Arjem Noryn et al., 2021).
was abruptly announced, drastically altering students'
everyday routines. This circumstance demonstrated the Stress Management Skills
students' helplessness and their inability to cope with
this new, stressful condition, as shown by several The COVID-19 outbreak has wreaked havoc on all
earlier research. This group was affected by anxiety, economies and ushered in tremendous upheaval
depression, and stress due to a rapid and extensive throughout industries, particularly in academia. For
shift in everyday functioning. Therefore, it is crucial millennial intellectuals, adapting to the new normal
from a pedagogical and psychological standpoint to seems to be the only option. This study looks at the
analyze the pupils' techniques for dealing with the idea of using emotional intelligence (EI) to design
stress induced by the COVID-19 epidemic. To this techniques that will aid in learning and growth in the
goal, in 2020 an anonymous Mini-COPE survey was future for scholars at higher education institutions
administered to a sample of Polish pupils. Five (HEIs). In the new normal, sustainable development
hundred and seventy-seven students from seventeen plans for HEIs are critical. Focus group conversations
institutions provided data. Statistical study revealed among 21 psychologists who are university campus
that during the coronavirus epidemic, Polish students counselors were used to inform this qualitative study,
used acceptance, planning, and seeking emotional which used theme analysis. Student concerns, fear of
support most often. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the unknown, and impulse control have resurfaced as
characteristics such as age, gender, and location of key themes. The study's findings show how EI tactics
residence impacted the selection of certain coping might help millennials manage the uncertainty skills
techniques. The findings also revealed that the and competence they need to adapt. Self-awareness,
youngest students have the worst coping abilities. The self-control, flexibility, and general mood are the most
findings suggest that students' maladaptive stress important EI aspects to deal with unexpected future
coping techniques, particularly during the pandemic, situations. The incorporation of EI in curricula, life
may have long-term ramifications for their skills training, and mental health profiling were
psychophysiological health and academic recognized as sub-themes of stakeholder activities.
performance. On the basis of the existing findings and The study offers value as an exploratory study that
the participatory model of intervention, a program of lays the groundwork for quantitative analysis and
psychological, organizational, and instrumental shares viewpoints with higher education stakeholders
assistance for students is offered (Wirkus, Anna (Warrier, U., John M, Warrier S., 2021).

Research Article
Despite the rise of many social media platforms as a adolescents you serve, calm them down, offer clear
means of interaction among students and others in the guidance, manage boundaries, and build hope in them.
new normal, there is a need for a set of norms that
every student should adhere to. The goal of this Seven (7) particular tactics will be taught to
research was to provide a set of rules for using social participants. First, the presentation will give a variety
media as a form of socializing among grade 11 of strategies for assisting young people as they go
students. In order to achieve the goals, it used a through the grieving process.
descriptive research approach with a questionnaire as
the primary data collection tool, which was Almost every adolescent is heartbroken by the
supplemented with interviews and focus group numerous losses caused by COVID-19. Losses in
discussions. With the use of social media and the social interaction, habits, opportunities, relationships,
ability to send messages to one another, students were and rites of passage are among the many losses. Many
able to develop broad connections and relationships adults haven't practiced assisting teenagers through the
across a vast platform. Furthermore, students grieving process in a long time, and these techniques
demonstrated knowledge of the use of social media as will show them how to do so effectively. Second,
a form of socializing in a variety of situations. participants will learn ways to teach kids to manage
anxiety and depression, which are the two most
According to the findings, social media can help every frequent mental health issues in teenagers both before
individual become literate and skilled at manipulating and after the pandemic. Finally, participants will
media, as well as every student become productive and acquire tools to support youth who have experienced
an active collaborator. In this situation, it is frequently trauma and may be reluctant to engage in services
advised that participants use social media in (Kros, 2021).
accordance with a set of principles or norms. It's a
The world of education faces a tremendous challenge
good idea to evaluate the result before approving and
in the form of online learning. The education system's
implementing it (Ojales, 2021).
and stakeholders' unpreparedness are one of the effects
that may be felt in learning (teachers and students).
The COVID-19 treatments' social isolation, economic
The fast transition from face-to-face learning activities
hardship, resource obstacles, and lingering uncertainty
to online or online-based learning is an unavoidable
have produced a "perfect storm" for juvenile anxiety,
fact. In the field of education, students' unpreparedness
sadness, sorrow, and trauma. Furthermore, racial
to adapt to changes associated with online learning
injustice, educational imbalance, limited resources,
offers its own set of issues. Students in online learning
and restricted access to programs have created hurdles
have more freedom in constructing their own learning
for young people receiving the care and advice they
activities. Academic resilience refers to a student's
require during these extremely stressful periods.
capacity to respond adaptively to challenges faced
Furthermore, many of the adults who previously
during online learning. Academic resilience is one of
provided assistance to adolescents have been
the determinants of a student's learning achievement.
emotionally and professionally overloaded, resulting in
unmet emotional and social needs of youth on a scale As a result, it's critical to recognize that, in this new
never seen before in this generation. Adults may help normal period, counselors must assist kids in
handle these extraordinary demands by improving improving their academic resilience through brief
their youth's resilience-building abilities. With solution-focused counseling services (SFBC).
practical, effective, and instantly relevant tools, this Counselors can use Solution Focus Brief Counseling
course will show you how. (SFBC) as an alternative counseling service to assist
students improve their academic resilience. The
This presentation addresses the critical need for adults findings revealed that the SFBC method was very
to be equipped with efficient, practical, and successful helpful in assisting students in improving their
ways to fulfill the needs that children will bring when resilience skills. The SFBC technique is helpful in
we reassemble in programs, agencies, schools, and on helping pupils solve difficulties because it focuses on
the streets. Implement these resilience-building the solution rather than the problem. so that the
methods to substantially boost student resilience so counselee can discover a solution to the situation more
that adolescents may heal, develop, learn, and flourish. quickly (Dewi, Ramli, and Radjah, 2021).
We'll contribute to your toolbox in this talk by
presenting real ideas for developing resilience in the The goal of this research was to determine the
difficult post-COVID-19 environment. This list of importance of health education initiatives for stress
techniques will teach you how to reconnect with the management. Stress management defines stress

Research Article
specifically as the physiological response of an Blonna (2005). It has a 0.81 dependability coef. The
individual to an external stimulus that activates the Pearson product moment correlation approach was
"fight-or-flight" response. Stress management used to compare the instrument's data to current
encompasses a broad range of activities. Techniques students' GPA. The results demonstrated a substantial
and psychotherapy aimed at reducing a person's stress link between stress management and academic
level, particularly chronic stress typically with the goal success. Data from each gender were handled
of increasing daily functioning. All events in life elicit individually and the relationship maintained. We
a response, however there are several ways in which propose that universities emphasize stress management
individuals respond: dealing with stress is the act of skills training in their guidance and counselling
attempting to manage or cope with stress. Coping, in programs, and that concerned authorities offer
their opinion, does not always equate to success. They facilities that may assist minimize academic stress
add that healthy coping entails being aware Numerous (Owoyele, 2009).
episodes and circumstances that one views as stressful
and identifying stressors entails being You should be Psychological therapies to increase vitality and mental
aware of how your body reacts to stress. Even though health are crucial. The research examined the impact
the counseling center counsels individuals. It is of stress management training on students' academic
anticipated that students who seek time management performance and mental health at Shahed University.
counseling would benefit from seminars, all students
The approach utilized was quasi-experimental with a
are welcome to attend seminars and conferences on
control group. So, 40 students from Shahed University
"stress management methods" and "time management.
of Tehran were randomly divided into two groups:
“Will go a long way toward equipping pupils with
experimental and control. Both groups were pretested
stress-coping mechanisms (Kaur, 2019).
with an academic vitality and a psychological well-
being questionnaire. The experimental group then got
Stress is a part of life nowadays since many things
10 sessions of stress management skills training
function as stress catalysts. Covid-19 has caused
whereas the control group did not. The data were
tremendous global hardship. Stress affects children of
examined using descriptive and inferential statistical
all ages, not just adults. Stress management is
techniques in SPSS-21 software for both groups.
challenging when parents are juggling work and
childcare. People tend to think that stress is only
The results demonstrated that stress management skills
caused by bad things occurring, however it may also
training improved students' academic performance and
be triggered by wonderful things happening. There are
psychological well-being (p 0.001).
several causes that might produce stress in a student's
life, such as mismatch between the student and the The study indicated that teaching stress management
instructor, which can cause tension and stress. It techniques was an excellent way to aid students under
attacks all students because of a lack of parental care. high stress and pressure, owing to its high efficiency,
Children are more prone to stress since they don't take particularly when held in groups, low cost, and
care of their food habits. Insufficient sleep is another individual acceptance (Alborzkhouh et al, 2015).
prevalent source of stress, and students all around the
globe suffer from it. This research sought to determine the sources of stress
and coping methods among distance education
Student stress management is hit or miss. Most students at the University of Cape Coast. A total of
educational institutions provide optional stress 332 diploma and post-diploma final year students from
management courses, but students generally lack time two study centers were randomly chosen to complete a
to attend. This research attempts to understand the self-administered questionnaire. The research
influence of stress on pupils and the importance of questionnaire was pre-tested to ensure it produced
controlling it to improve learning (Yasmin, et al. legitimate responses. The survey found that academic
2020). overload, test frequency, financial issues, and
family/marriage issues were key sources of stress
This research examined the association between stress among students. The survey indicated that married
management skills and academic success among students were more anxious about ‘financial concerns'
Nigerian undergraduate students. The research and ‘family/marriage problems' than unmarried
included 800 undergraduate students from two s t u d e n t s . S t u d e n t s a l l e v i a t e s t r e s s by
institutions. Three null hypotheses were investigated praying/meditating, watching TV, and listening to
using research instrument data. The instruments music. Support from family, friends, and instructors
comprised a modified stress management scale from was also a significant stress coping strategy. Students

Research Article
should be assigned academic counselors and periodic emotion, social support, problem avoidance, and
stress management programs by the counseling team at wishful thinking coping techniques, a result that is
UCC's College of Distance Education (Kwaah and novel. Discusses the cultural environment and its
Essilfie, 2017).This research looked at Learning Stress consequences for student well-being and institutional
and Stress Management for College Students. The assistance (Monteiro, Balogun, & Oratile, 2014).
study's goals were to identify common stress Students in secondary and higher education settings
symptoms, causes, and student stress management are confronted with a variety of recurrent pressures
practices. connected to academic obligations. According to
previous studies, academic-related stress may diminish
A survey was used to obtain data. This study was done academic success, decrease motivation, and raise the
using the descriptive research approach. This study likelihood of dropping out of school. The longer-term
utilized 39 questions. The survey sampled 200 students effects, which include a decreased probability of long-
from various disciplines at the Islamia University of term employment, cost governments billions of dollars
Bahawalpur. Overall, pupils felt fatigued under annually. This narrative review includes the most
stressful situations. They agreed that they decrease current studies on the effects of academic stress,
stress by watching TV/movies, listening to music, or including discussion of the effects on students'
engaging in other leisure activities. It was suggested learning capacity and academic performance; mental
that co-curricular activities in academic areas might health issues such as melancholy and anxiety; sleep
lower the study load (Buksh et al. 2011).This research disorders; and drug abuse (Pascoe, Hetrick & Parker,
examined stress causes and their impact on business 2020).
students at Ho Polytechnic in Ghana. The study used a
cross-sectional research design. A multistage sampling PE Performance
approach was used to sample 275 pupils. The research
employed Burge's (2009) modified five-point Likert The COVID-19 outbreak prompted an unprecedented
stress scale to collect data. These were determined worldwide closure that lasted months. Teachers led
using descriptive statistics like mean scores and educational activities remotely using digital devices or
standard deviations. Stress levels were compared using homeschooling materials in numerous countries where
non-parametric inferential statistics. A Spearman's schools were closed to pupils. This article looks at how
correlation coefficient was utilized to assess the impact the physical activity of Norwegian children in grades
of stress on students' grades. The analysis discovered 1–10 has changed throughout these months of
the most dominating stress for each stressor group. homeschooling. Every day at school, all Norwegian
The most common stress categories are TECATS and pupils are required to engage in at least 60 minutes of
TACS. All demographic factors revealed stress to be physical activity. To offer an idea of the daily physical
significant. However, the stress categories have activity pupils engaged in throughout the period of
diverse causative causes. Finally, there was no link homeschooling, we used data from two surveys, one
between stress and academic achievement (Azila- with parents (N = 4,624) and the other with instructors
Gbettor et al. 2015). (N = 726). The degree to which schools emphasized
physical education among the school disciplines
This research examined the impact of gender, age, and differed substantially between schools and instructors,
emotion control on Botswana university students' according to the teacher poll. The parent survey
coping methods. The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation revealed that reported physical activity time rose with
Scale and the Coping Strategy Inventory were student age, that many parents were concerned about
completed by 64 men and 64 females ranging in age rising sedentary behavior, and that the most active
from 18 to 29 years. There were no substantial gender children were those who demonstrated the most
differences in other coping techniques. Students who enthusiasm and effort in school in general. Findings
were older were more likely to employ problem- suggest the possibility that students were given too
solving, cognitive restructuring, and emotional much responsibility for their own physical exercise
expression as coping mechanisms. In addition, during this time period, and that professors should
difficulties in emotion regulation predicted problem- provide more digital workout sessions and
and emotion-focused engagement, problem- and instructional films to their students (Roe et al.,
emotion-focused disengagement, and coping 2021).During the COVID-19 pandemic, the
mechanisms with high levels of significance. Non- effectiveness of online practical courses (OPC) in
acceptance of emotional reactions, a kind of emotion physical education (PE) was tested in accordance with
suppression, was shown to be positively connected the ADDIE paradigm. A total of 75 people were
with issue solving, cognitive restructuring, expressing included in this trial, none of whom had any prior

Research Article
experience with OPC. Report Card grades was established. Using the best
available data, work groups from 49 nations developed
In order to ensure geographical equity, this study their Report Cards. A human development index
chose 15 institutions and randomly picked two (HDI) was used to classify the participating nations
professors and three students from each. (1) For team (low or medium, high, and very high HDI). The 49
projects, the learning interventions were not viable. (2) work groups issued a total of 490 grades (369 letter
Most learners thought that problems lingered during grades and 121 incomplete) Overall, low, medium, and
the implementation phase. (3) During the assessment extremely high HDI nations received grades of C-, D+,
phase, instructors indicated that students were and C-, respectively. According to this report, children
uninterested in participating and that students were just and adolescents are not getting enough physical
submitting tasks. (4) OPC discovered that the exercise. Public expenditures in effective physical
appropriate level of effectiveness differed significantly activity initiatives are required (Aubert et al. 2018).
between instructors and students. The findings suggest
that timely and high-quality feedback is essential for Due to the broad impact of the pandemic, the "New
the effective implementation of OPC in PE; educators Normal" in Philippine education incorporates online
should plan ahead to minimize technological faults and learning. This research examined the impact of online
continually inspire students. Finally, institutions learning on mathematics students' motivation, self-
should allow adequate time for instructors to create efficacy, and anxiety. The study adopted quasi-
OPC-videos and train students in real time in order to experimental methodology, especially a one-group pre-
ensure consistent feedback following COVID-19 (Yu, post test design. Utilized were two modified study
Jee, 2021). questionnaires on mathematics motivation, self-
efficacy, and anxiety. During the 6-week pilot test of
Due to the development of COVID-19, students
synchronous online learning, students' self-efficacy
worldwide, especially in China, are now taking lessons
and motivation in mathematics declined dramatically.
online (rather than face-to-face). The researcher
Before and after implementation, students' anxiety
conducted qualitative focus group discussions to elicit
remained "High," reflecting worry and uncertainty
information about the experiences and challenges
over the new instructional norm. In addition, the
faced by online physical education students in higher
findings revealed that a sluggish and insecure Internet
education who take online classes, including the
connection, a lack of desire to perform self-study, an
impact on their physical activity performance and
abundance of home activities, and household tasks
some health problems they encounter while taking
were among the primary reasons why students had
online classes, such as weight gain, depression, and
trouble learning the subject matter and transitioning to
anxiety. Finally, we offer a strategy for efficiently
managing an ideal future learning system for physical the "New Normal." Results indicate the enhancement
education students, both during and after the of online learning processes, with a focus on
COVID-19 epidemic event, using Mayer's learning government initiatives to increase Internet speed. Also,
model as a conceptual framework. During a focus must be placed on engaging classroom
COVID-19's isolation phase, participants' essential activities, particularly in mathematics, in order to
equipment was seldom accessible at home while increase learners' motivation and self-efficacy and
attending online sessions, thus reducing the quantity of decrease their fear (Mamolo, 2022)
physical education units delivered. This led in a shift
Several studies discussing parental involvement in the
of focus away from competitiveness and toward
modular teaching method were reviewed. In addition,
underperformance, weight gain, and negative
this study examines the issues faced by parents and the
psychological states. We conclude that it is critical to
parents' participation in their children's education. This
do a review and systematization of online physical
article highlighted the substantial involvement of
education learning techniques, emphasizing the
parents in modular distance education. In this new
cultural and educational features of various nations, as
standard time, it was clear how carefully and
well as to study the overall efficacy of online physical
education (Laar et al. 2021). responsibly parents participated in their child's
education as co-teachers. Since change is inevitable,
Moderate to vigorous physical exercise is everyone continues to struggle through these difficult
acknowledged as a critical driver of child and times. Therefore, the examined literature provides
adolescent health (aged 5-17 y). To better understand minimal information on parental persistence strategies
worldwide variance in child and adolescent physical and coping mechanisms for managing and supporting
activity and related supports, the Global Matrix 3.0 of modular distant learning (Gevero, 2021).

Research Article
Methodology Procedure
Various descriptive and inferential statistical tools

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the were used in this study. For descriptive analysis,
challenges encountered, stress management skills and frequency count and percentage were used in reporting
PE performance of junior high school students in the the demographic profile of the respondents as a whole
new normal. The survey-correlational method of and in terms of Grade Level, Sex, Parents' Monthly
research was employed in this study. According to Income, and Parents’ Educational Attainment.
David (2002), survey as a descriptive type of study Furthermore, mean or average was used to determine
finds answers to the questions who, what, when, where the level of challenges among the Top 10 identified
and how. This type of research describes a situation or challenges encountered of junior high school students
a given status of affairs in terms of specified aspects or in the new normal of Jalandoni Memorial National
factors.Correlation research on the other hand, High School for the school year 2021-2022. Mean was
attempts to determine whether, and to what degree, a also utilized to determine the mean level of stress
relationship exists between two or more quantifiable management skills and level of PE performance
variables. The purpose of correlation research is to among the same students. The same statistical tool was
establish relationships or to use relationships in further used to measure and describe the mean Level
making predictions. Relationship investigations of PE Performance in terms of Levels of Challenges
typically study a number of variables believed to be Encountered, and also in terms of Stress Management
related to a major or complex variable (Jopilo, Skills. On the other hand, standard deviation was used
2006).In this study the independent variables were the to measure the variability in the responses of the
challenges encountered and stress management skills respondents.For Inferential analysis, One-way
while the d ep end en t var iab le was the PE Analysis of Variance or ANOVA was used to
performance.The descriptive statistical tools used in determine whether significant differences exist in the
the study were mean, standard deviation, t-test, and for mean level of PE performance in terms of levels of
inferential statistics One-way ANOVA was utilized. Challenges Encountered, and also in terms of Stress
The level of significance was set at 0.05 for all Management Skills. Pearson’s correlation or Pearson r
inferential tests. was employed to ascertain whether there are
significant relationships between Challenges
Participants Encountered and PE Performance, Stress Management
Skills and PE Performance, and Stress Management
The participants of this study were the three hundred Skills and Challenges Encountered.All hypotheses
(300) randomly selected grade 7 to 10 students out of were tested at 0.05 alpha-level of significance.
two thousand one hundred thirty-one (2,131) total
population of Grade 7 to 10 students of Jalandoni Ethical Considerations
Memorial National High school year 2021-2022. The
required number of participants was determined using 1. Informed Consent: It is important to ensure that
the Slovin formula. Grade 7 to 10 students were participants, in this case, the junior high school
selected randomly using the simple random sampling students, and their parents or guardians are fully
using randomly generated numbers to choose a informed about the purpose, procedures, and potential
sample. More specifically, it initially requires a risks and benefits of the study. Obtaining informed
sampling frame, a list or database of all grade 7 to 10 consent from the participants and parental consent for
students. minors is essential before their participation.
2. Confidentiality and Anonymity: The researchers
Instruments of the Study should guarantee the confidentiality and anonymity of
the participants. This means that any personal
The questionnaire consisted of four (4) parts. Part 1, information collected should be kept strictly
the profile of the respondents; Part 2, challenges confidential, and the data should be anonymized
encountered a researcher-made questionnaire. Part 3, during analysis and reporting to ensure that individuals
stress management skills a researcher-made cannot be identified.
questionnaire and part 4 PE performance (Quarter 3- 3. Voluntary Participation: Participation in the study
MELC Based Module of the Department of Education should be entirely voluntary, and participants should
Region 6-Western Visayas 3rd Quarter Physical have the right to withdraw from the study at any point
Education Practical Examination 2021) a standardized without facing any negative consequences. The
questionnaire. researchers should emphasize that there will be no

Research Article
penalties or rewards for participating or not

participating in the study. encountered by the junior high school students of
4. Minimizing Harm and Distress: Measures should be Jalandoni Memorial High School in the new normal.
taken to minimize any potential harm or distress to the It can be gleaned in table 2 that the students perceived
participants. This includes ensuring that the the challenges in the new normal as “moderate”
questionnaire items are appropriate and sensitive to the (mean=3.04; sd=0.63).
age group and cultural context of the participants. It is
also important to provide appropriate support or Table 1. Top 10 Challenges Encountered in the New
resources for participants who may experience stress
Normal
or challenges as a result of their participation.
5. Researcher's Competence and Integrity: The
researchers should have the necessary expertise and
qualifications to conduct the study ethically. They
should adhere to professional standards and guidelines
in research conduct, data collection, and analysis. Any
conflicts of interest should be disclosed, and the
research should be conducted with integrity and
transparency.
6. Institutional Review Board (IRB) Approval: If
required by the institution or organization, obtaining
ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board
or an equivalent ethics committee is essential before
conducting the study. This ensures that the research
design, methods, and ethical considerations have been
reviewed and approved by an independent body.
Results and Discussion
Part One, Descriptive Data Analysis, presents the

descriptive data analyses of the level of the top 10
challenges encountered, stress management skills, and
level of PE performance of junior high school students The pandemic prompted academe to modify their
in the new normal. It includes the descriptive analysis method of learning at home, which was not as simple
of data such as frequency percentage, mean, and as it was once perceived to be, and which resulted in a
standard deviation. multitude of concerns to consider.
Part two, Inferential Data Analysis, presents the result The challenges encountered of junior high school
of hypotheses testing for any significant difference in students in the new normal were perceived as
PE performance among the levels of challenges moderate since they had already adjusted to the
encountered, PE performance among the levels of transition of the current situation. Therefore, students
stress management skills of the junior high school can sometimes cope by dealing with difficulties.
students in the new normal and relationship among
challenges encountered, stress management skills and Students prefer face-to-face classes in the new normal
PE performance of junior high school students in the because they have greater access to learning through
new normal. ANOVA and Pearson-r were the their teachers and other classmates’ interaction. This
statistical tools used in the inferential analysis. All encourages students to put a greater emphasis on their
these statistical inferences were tested at the 5% level studies than at home since they were already bored of
of significant. their routinary activities at home. Students were
yearning for programs and extracurricular activities
Descriptive Data Analysis Level of the top 10 that provide a productive break from academics as
challenges encountered of secondary studentsin the well as a chance to explore different interests
new normal recreational and competitive, and to increase social
interaction with classmates and friends. The students
Table 1 presents the mean level of challenges

Research Article
overthought the situation they were in today due to Level of the top 10 stress management skills of
apprehension that it would worsen and uncertainty secondary students in the new normal
about their return to school. Students have the
difficulty of complying with their module and Table 2 presents the mean level of stress management
performance tasks owing to the fact that they were not skills by the junior high school students in the new
yet through with one module and another one was normal. It can be gleaned in table 3, that the students
given. They have limited time to answer modules self-assessed that they had “high” stress management
before the deadline. They also had difficulties juggling skills (mean=3.50; sd=0.44) during the pandemic or in
school and home duties since they lacked boundaries the new normal, as indicated by the mean falling
about school and personal matters at home. When their within 3.41 to 4.20.
schoolwork was disrupted by domestic tasks and
caring for their younger siblings. Due to a lack of Table 2. Top 10 Stress Management Skills in the New
preparedness and awareness of the present situation, Normal
confusion arose over the transitional challenges in the
educational system, which swiftly shifted from face-
to-face to online and modular learning. They were
unable to concentrate clearly and work efficiently at
home since they were distracted by the excessive noise
of their neighborhood, the uncontrolled use of
electronic devices, and non-school-related activities
such as bicycling, basketball, and online gaming. For
students, given the present state of uncertainty, it was
difficult to make major and life-changing decisions
about the future.
Due to the restrictions and protocols of the new

normal, students have minimal opportunity to engage
with friends and can only do so through social media.
They spent the entirety of their time at home with their
family, who would occasionally invade their privacy
and cause them to lose control of their emotions. They
do not have a healthy sleep pattern, making it difficult
for them to relax and focus on their schoolwork
because of the many extraneous activities and modules
they must do.
The result of this study conforms with Lin et al. (2019)

showed that the level of stress faced by this sample of
undergraduate students was moderate. Several studies The stress management skill of junior high school
have shown that stress among students is caused students in the new normal was perceived as high
primarily by the weight of study and assignments, since they had already learned from experience and
according to Buksh, Shahzad, and Nisa (2011). Kaur use them as a chance to strive and achieve for
(2019) discovered that the majority of students cite themselves. As a result, they were often capable of
academic pressure as the major source of their stress adjusting to the stress experienced.
on a constant basis. Furthermore, according to
When faced with a hopeless circumstance, they will
Mahyoob (2020), the majority of learners said that
just have faith in their beliefs. Hence, they meditate
they were dissatisfied with their online learning
and pray more than usual, particularly when under
experience since they were unable to make the
stress. As they have no other alternative, they learn to
required improvement in their program's learning
confront and adapt to any condition that may arise.
performance.
They endeavor to see the difficult circumstances in a
Similar findings were found by Barrot, Llenares, and good light by adopting a new perspective. Positive
action will arise from optimistic thinking, whereas
del Rosario (2021) in the Philippines, where students
said that their biggest obstacle was related to their
learning environment at home.

Research Article
Level of PE performance in the new normal

pessimistic thinking will result in bad outcomes. of secondary students
Students try to see problems as chances to grow, Table 3 presents the level of PE Performance in the
thinking that failure was a necessary way to learn and new normal among junior high school students. It can
that it was just a phase in their lives. Whenever it be gleaned in table 4 that the students PE Performance
wasn't unable to contain the problems any longer, it let in the new normal was “good” (mean=13.49; sd=3.91).
them out. Sometimes all that was required to feel
better was the release of tension. To divert Table 3. Level of PE performance in the New Normal
undesirables, they concentrate their efforts on more
creative and productive endeavors. They discuss their
difficulties and contemporary approaches on how to
handle them. Likewise, if someone was in need, they
show empathy and the opportunity to share their
experience with family and friends, which may be
beneficial. By putting things in order based on what The PE performance by junior high school students in
was important and what wasn't, they were more likely the new normal was good since it was based on their
to come up with solutions and methods such as physical ability and self-taught learning.
keeping track of my time and prioritizing tasks. A Consequently, the PE performance was average.
regular sleep routine replenishes and relaxes the body,
enhances focus and mood, and sharpens judgment and In the online class set up, they had one synchronous
decision-making. meeting in their subject, and the rest of the week was
an offline session. The lessons taught and the written
The result is consistent with the findings of the and practical tasks given online were the same in
research that was cited by Yasmin et al, (2020. They modular classes. The sole positives were direct
argued that stress is increasingly impacting individuals learning from the teacher and the opportunity to
of all ages, regardless of their physical or mental interact with classmates.
health. As a result, undergraduates at academic
institutions are presented with a variety of obstacles There were several factors that affected the PE
that may be quite stressful Owoyele, (2009). As a performance of students. They have difficulty
result, one of the solutions suggested by researchers to absorbing the entire lesson or activity because they are
assist students in dealing with their academic stress is self-taught. Moreover, since they were physically
the development of stress management skills inactive at home, they were unable to do activities
(Kaur,2019). To put it differently, individuals must be competently. For this, they will seek answers and
aware of the required coping mechanisms in order to copies from the internet, and not all in there was
mitigate the consequences of stress Alborzkhouh et al, reliable. Then, they will seek assistance from their
(2015). guardians, who will assist them in completing the
written assignments, and they will execute the
According to Kwaah and Essilfie (2017), students performance task without completely comprehending
employed a variety of strategies to cope with stress, the activity, resulting in poor performance. PE
with most of them is through prayer or meditation, as performance was better when facilitated by a teacher
well as self-distracting activities such as watching since learning was a two-way process.
television or music listening. In their research, they
found out that most students were using positive
The result was consistent with the findings of the
coping techniques, and that prayer and meditation
research that was referenced by Leo Mamolo, (2022)
were particularly effective coping strategies for both state that During the six-week pilot study of
male and female students. synchronous online learning, students' motivation and
self-efficacy declined considerably. Before and after
In a study conducted by Buksh et al (2011), the vast implementation, students' anxiety remained "High,"
majority of university students agreed that they relieve reflecting worry and uncertainty over the new
tension by using humor, accepting things and facts that instructional norm. In addition, the findings revealed that
cannot be changed, and managing their time a slow and unstable Internet connection, a lack of desire
effectively, as well as receiving support from friends to perform self-study, an overload of home activities,
and family. and household tasks were among the primary reasons
why students had trouble learning the subject matter and
transitioning to the "New Normal."

Research Article
underperformance, weight gain, and negative

psychological circumstances. According to Aubert et
According to Gevero, Mea C. (2021), the article
al. (2018), many young people are not presently
highlighted the substantial involvement of parents in
getting enough physical exercise.
modular distance education. In this new standard time,
it was clear how carefully and responsibly parents The students have difficulties consulting with teachers,
participated in their child's education as co-teachers. catching to learning and inadequate Internet
Since change is inevitable, everyone continues to connections, as well as family obligations and
struggle through these difficult times. Therefore, the diversions. To overcome these challenges, they
examined literature provides minimal information on improved their time management and self-discipline,
parental persistence strategies and coping mechanisms fostered their independence, and established
for managing and supporting modular distant learning. contingency plans. In addition, students developed
self-motivation and academic independence through
Inferential Data Statistics
coping up in the new normal (Agum, Arjem Noryn et
al., 2021).
Significant difference in PE performance among
the levels of challenges encountered of the Based on the result, the null hypothesis should not be
secondary students in the new normal rejected. This further implies that there are no
significant differences in the level of PE performance
Table 4 presents the significant difference in the PE across levels of challenges encountered. In other
performance across challenges encountered of the words, the level of PE performance among junior high
respondents. Shows that there are no significant school students of Jalandoni Memorial High School
differences in the level of PE performance across are the same regardless of the level of challenges
levels of challenges encountered (F= 2.25, p<.05). encountered in the new normal.
Table 4. ANOVA of PE Performance Among the Levels Significant difference in PE performance among
of Challenges Encountered in the New Normal the levels of stress management skills of the
secondary students in the new normal
Table 5 presents the significant difference in the PE

performance among the levels of stress management
skills of the respondents. Table 5 implies that there
are significant differences in the mean level of PE
performance in terms of levels of stress management
skills (F= 0.958, p<.05).
A paradigm shift was introduced into the educational
process in the new normal. Regardless of the intensity Table 5. ANOVA of PE Performance Among the Levels
of the challenges encountered by the students, their PE of Stress Management Skills in the New Normal
performance remained the same since it was dependent
on their coping mechanism in the current situation.
The Challenges encountered were conflicts that may
occurred external effect to student and can easily to
overcome while the PE performance was an internal
consequence of their cognitive and psychomotor
aspect.
The finding supports the research reported by Laar et This implies that regardless the effectivity of the stress
al, (2021) during the COVID-19 isolation phase, management skills the PE performance remained the
students reported that the requisite equipment for same. However, it was dependent on their focus to
online courses was seldom accessible at home. This organize their priorities and adapt in their situation.
obviously lowered the amount of PE sessions they The stress management skills were strategies that may
could get. This shifted focus from competitiveness to help students to overcome stress level while the PE

Research Article
performance was the consequence of their cognitive

The challenges encountered by students in the new
and psychomotor aspect.
normal may vary depending on how they cope with the
The result was consistent with the findings of the transition period. While the PE performance of the
research that was referenced by Azila-Gbettor et al. students was based on their physical ability and level
(2015) discovered that students may attain academic of self-taught learning. The positive result shows that
success regardless of their degree of stress, and that as the challenges encountered increase the PE
they themselves discovered a strategy to mitigate the performance also increase, and vice versa.
impacts of stress on their performance. On the other
The stress management skills of students were based
side, Owoyele, (2009) discovered that the more one's
on how they adapt to the new normal and help them
ability to handle stress, the greater one's academic
overcome it. The positive results indicate that when
accomplishment.
stress management skills improve, so does physical
The findings of Alborzkhouh, (2015) discovered that performance, and vice versa. The negative outcome of
stress management skills training greatly related to stress management skills and challenges encountered
students' academic vitality. indicates that the students were still inexperienced in
different aspects of managing their problems and
Therefore, the null hypothesis should not be rejected. approaching skills to their stress level to cope with.
This further implies that there are no significant
differences in the level of PE performance among the The result is consistent with the findings of the
students when they are categorized according to levels research that was cited by Monteiro, Balogun, &
of stress management skills. Hence, it can be said that Oratile, (2014) that young people and students,
the level of PE performance among the students of stressful life events may have a significant influence
Jalandoni Memorial High School are the same on their lives. Academic performance may be
regardless of the level stress management skills in the jeopardized by factors such as time and money
new normal. management challenges, sleep deprivation, social
disputes, and dating and relationship uncertainties
Relationship among challenges encountered, stress (Womble, 2003). Significant life events and more
management skills and PE performance of secondary frequent pressures throughout adolescence have been
students in the new normal associated with behavioral and more significant mental
health issues (Grant, et al. 2008). The physical and
Table 6 presents the relationship among Challenges psychological effects of traumatic situations may also
Encountered, Stress Management Skills and PE have a lasting effect on a person's growing identity.
Performance. Pearson’s correlation revealed that there
In addition, according to Pascoe, Hetrick & Parker,
are no significant associations between Challenges
(2020) that academic stress was a significant issue for
Encountered and PE Performance (r=0.13, p=0.108),
secondary and tertiary students. Education-related
Stress Management Skills and PE Performance
stress has detrimental effects on students' learning
(r=0.06, 0.463), and Stress Management Skills and
ability, academic performance, educational and
Challenges Encountered (r=-0.08, p=0.310), since their
occupational achievement, sleep quality and quantity,
respective p-values are all greater than 0.05 alpha-level
physical and psychological wellbeing, and substance
of significance. Hence, there were no sufficient
use. Improving the stress management skills and
evidence to support the claim that challenges
abilities of students was a crucial change objective.
encountered, stress management skills, and PE
performance are significantly associated with each
The youngest students have the worst coping abilities.
other.
The findings suggest that students' maladaptive stress
coping techniques, particularly during the pandemic,
Table 6. PE Performance Among the Levels of Stress
may have long-term ramifications for their
Management Skills in the New Normal
psychophysiological health and academic
performance. On the basis of the existing findings and
the participatory model of intervention, a program of
psychological, organizational, and instrumental
assistance for students is offered (Wirkus, Anna
Babicka et al., 2021).

Research Article
Therefore, the null hypothesis should not be rejected. Perspectives on the Challenges, Coping Strategies, and Benefits of
Self-Directed Language Learning in the New Normal. Vol. 22 No. 2
This further implies that there was no significant
(2021): Human Behavior, Development and Society.
relationship in the level of PE performance across
different levels of challenges encountered and stress Alborzkouh, P., Nabati, M., Zainali, M., Abed, Y., & Shahgholy
management skills among the junior high school Ghahfarokhi, F. (2015). A review of the effectiveness of stress
management skills training on academic vitality and psychological
students of Jalandoni Memorial High School. There
well-being of college students. Journal of medicine and life, 8(Spec
was no sufficient evidence to support the claim that Iss 4), 39–44.
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PE performance are not significantly associated with Asio, J. M. R., Gadia, E., Abarintos, E., Paguio, D., & Balce, M.
(2021). Internet Connection and Learning Device Availability of
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College Students: Basis for Institutionalizing Flexible Learning in
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Conclusion
Aubert, S, Barnes, J, Abdete, C, et al. (2018) Global matrix 3.0
physical activity report card grades for children and youth: results
In view of the foregoing findings, the following and analysis from 49 countries. Journal of Physical Activity and
Health 15(S2): S251–S273.
conclusions were conveyed: (1) The moderate level of
challenges encountered may lead students to still learn Barrot, J.S., Llenares, I.I. & del Rosario, L.S. Students’ online
and cope at the same time. They do not find the new learning challenges during the pandemic and how they cope with
normal learning situation as a challenge they cannot them: The case of the Philippines. Educ Inf Technol 26, 7321–7338
(2021).
hurdle. (2) The “high” stress management skills of
students may lead them to adopt well to this new Buksh, Shahzad and Nisa (2011). A Study of Learning Stress and
normal. The students had already lived the pandemic's Stress Management Strategies of the Students of Postgraduate level:
first year of outbreak, having developed the ability to A Case Study of Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 182 – 186.
manage their stress and tension. Additionally, the
school, social workers, and other non-governmental Cambridge University Press, (2022). Challenges Encountered.
groups all contributed to the spread of awareness about dictionary.cambridge.org.
anxiety and depression and their substantial effect on
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The association
other social media platforms, where students may view between school based physical activity, including physical
and reflect on inspiring videos shared to them. Sharing education, and academic performance. Atlanta, GA: U.S.
and consulting with friends, and family members about Department of Health and Human Services; 2010.
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of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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Challenges Encountered, Stress Mangement Skills, and Physical Education Performance of Junior High School Students in The New Normal

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Challenges Encountered, Stress Mangement Skills, and Physical Education Performance of Junior High School Students in The New Normal

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CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED, STRESS

MANGEMENT SKILLS, AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION

PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL

Challenges Encountered, Stress Mangement Skills, and Physical Education

Keywords: challenges encountered, stress management skills, PE performance

Introduction accomplish their modules. They help their parents with

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Various descriptive and inferential statistical tools

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penalties or rewards for participating or not

Results and Discussion

Part One, Descriptive Data Analysis, presents the

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Due to the restrictions and protocols of the new

The result of this study conforms with Lin et al. (2019)

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Level of PE performance in the new normal

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underperformance, weight gain, and negative

Table 5 presents the significant difference in the PE

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performance was the consequence of their cognitive

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