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  • Priodic Trends Table Answer

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    1) Atomic radius decreases down a period and increases along groups in the periodic table. This is due to the increasing nuclear charge pulling electrons inwards down a period and the additional electron shells screening inner electrons along groups. 2) Ionization potential increases down periods and decreases along groups. This is because it takes more energy to remove an electron as atomic radius decreases due to greater nuclear attraction, and less energy as radius increases due to the electron being farther from the nucleus. 3) Electron affinity decreases down periods and increases along groups for similar reasons as ionization potential - it is easier to add an electron to a larger atom and harder to a smaller one with a stronger nuclear charge.

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    Priodic trends Table Answer

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    1) Atomic radius decreases down a period and increases along groups in the periodic table. This is due to the increasing nuclear charge pulling electrons inwards down a period and the additional electron shells screening inner electrons along groups. 2) Ionization potential increases down periods and decreases along groups. This is because it takes more energy to remove an electron as atomic radius decreases due to greater nuclear attraction, and less energy as radius increases due to the electron being farther from the nucleus. 3) Electron affinity decreases down periods and increases along groups for similar reasons as ionization potential - it is easier to add an electron to a larger atom and harder to a smaller one with a stronger nuclear charge.

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    3 views1 page

    Priodic Trends Table Answer

    Uploaded by

    Mr. Roman
    1) Atomic radius decreases down a period and increases along groups in the periodic table. This is due to the increasing nuclear charge pulling electrons inwards down a period and the additional electron shells screening inner electrons along groups. 2) Ionization potential increases down periods and decreases along groups. This is because it takes more energy to remove an electron as atomic radius decreases due to greater nuclear attraction, and less energy as radius increases due to the electron being farther from the nucleus. 3) Electron affinity decreases down periods and increases along groups for similar reasons as ionization potential - it is easier to add an electron to a larger atom and harder to a smaller one with a stronger nuclear charge.

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    Trend Definition Periodic Table Along Periods Down groups

    The distance from the nucleus Decreases Because, as the atomic # inc., Due to:
    to the valance shell. It’s also the # of protons increase, so1- 1- Extra shells added

    Increases
    Atomic called “diameter/ volume/ the effective nuclear charge 2- Repulsion between shells
    Radius size” inc. so it pulls the valance 3- Screening effect of the
    shell inwards more. inner filled shells on the
    valence electrons.
    The energy needed to remove Because as the atomic radius Because as the atomic radius
    Increase
    the valence electron decreases, the nuclear increases, the valance

    Decreases
    Ionization completely from an atom. attraction increases, so it electron is away from the
    Potential M + 1st. I.E.  M+! + 1e’ needs more energy to remove effective nuclear charge, so it
    M+1 + 2nd. I.E.  M+2 + 1e’ the valence electron from the needs less energy to remove
    atom. the electron from the atom.
    The amount of energy Increase Because as the atomic radius Because as the atomic radius
    released when an extra decreases, it’s easier for the increases, the newly added
    Electron

    Decreases
    electron is added to a neutral nucleus of the atom to attract electron is away from the
    Affinity atom. the newly added electron. nuclear attraction.
    A + 1e’  A-1 + E
    (Opposite to I.E.)
    It is the tendency of an atom Increase Because as the atomic radius Because as the atomic radius
    to attract the electron pair decreases, it’s easier for the increases, the electron pair of
    Electro-
    Decreases

    of the bond towards itself. nucleus of the atom to attract the bond is away from the
    negativity It represents the average of the electron pair of the bond effective nuclear charge.
    the I.E. and E. A. towards itself more.

    It is the ability of the metal Because as the atomic radius Because as the atomic radius
    Decrease
    atom to lose an electron decreases, and the ionization increases and the ionization
    Metallic
    Increases

    forming a positive ion (cation). increases, it’s hard for the energy decreases, so it’s
    Property Strong metal should have: metal to lose an electron. easier for the metal to lose an
    Large At. R., Low I.E., So X electron forming a positive ion
    easy to lose e’ giving a +ve Ion (cation).
    It is the ability of the non- Because as the atonic radius Because as the atomic radius
    metal to gain an electron Increase decreases, and the electron increases and the electron
    Non-
    Decreases

    forming a negative ion (anion). X affinity increases, it’s easier affinity decreases, so it’s
    metallic
    Strong nonmetal has: Small for the non-metal to gain an hard for the non-metal to gain
    Property At. R., High E.A., easy to electron forming a negative an electron.
    gain e’ forming –ve ions. ion (anion)

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