Comprehensive Trigonometry For IIT JEE Main and Advanced Rejaul Makshud McGraw Hill (PDFDrive) - 151-200

140 Comprehensive Trigonometry with Challenging Problems & Solutions for Jee Main and Advanced
p n Êpˆ
Soln. Given equations are ( x - y ) = , fi x = np + (-1) Á ˜ , n Œ I
4 Ë 6¯
and cot x + cot y = 2
2
fi cos x sin y + sin x cos y = 2 sin x sin y Again, sec y =
3
fi sin ( x + y ) = cos ( x - y ) - cos ( x + y ) 3
fi cos y =
fi sin ( x + y ) + cos ( x + y ) = cos ( x - y ) 2
3 Êpˆ
1 1 1 fi cos 2 y = = cos 2 Á ˜
fi sin ( x + y ) + cos ( x + y ) =
cos ( x - y ) 4 Ë 6¯
2 2 2
Êpˆ
1
sin ( x + y ) +
1
cos ( x + y ) =
1 1 fi y = np ± Á ˜ , n Œ I
fi . Ë 6¯
2 2 2 2
Hence, the solutions are
Ê pˆ 1
fi sin ÁË x + y + ˜¯ = Ï n Êpˆ
Ô x = np + ( -1) ÁË 6 ˜¯ , n Œ I
4 2
p ˆ 5p Ô
Ê Ì
fi ÁË x + y + ˜¯ = Ô y = np ± Ê p ˆ , n Œ I
4 6 ÁË ˜¯
ÔÓ 6
5p p 7p
fi (x + y) = - =
6 4 12
p
Also, ( x - y ) =
LEVEL I
4 (QUESTIONS BASED ON FUNDAMENTALS)
5p p 1. Solve: 7 cos 2 q + 3 sin 2 q = 4
Thus, x = &y=
12 6 2. Solve: sin 2q + sin 4q + sin 6q = 0
Ex-28. Solve the following equations for x and y;
3. Solve: tan 2 q + (1 - 3 ) tan q - 3 = 0
5
(cosec x -sec y ) = 1
2 2
4. Solve: tan q + tan 2q + tan q tan 2q = 1
2
(2cosec x +
= 64
3 sec y ) [Roorkee Main – 2001] 5. Solve: 3 tan(q - 15∞) = tan(q + 15∞)
6. Solve: tan q + tan 2q + tan 3q = 0
Soln. The given equations are
7. Solve: 4 sin q sin 2q sin 4q = sin 3q
5
(cosec x -sec y ) = 1
2 2
........(i)
8. Solve: 2 sec q + tan q = 1
2
(2cosec x + 3 sec y ) = 64 ........(ii) 9. Solve: sin ( 2013 )q + cos ( 2013)q = 2
From (i), we get, 10. Solve: cos q + 3 sin q = 2 cos 2q
cosec x - 3 sec y = 0
2 2 2p 3
11. Solve: x + y = and cos x + cos y =
3 2
fi cosec2 x = 3 sec2 y
p
12. Solve: x + y = and tan x + tan y = 1
fi cosec x = 3 sec y .........(iii) 4
Also, from (ii), we get, 13. Solve: r sinq = 3 and r = 4 (1 + sin q ) , 0 £ q £ 2p
2
(2cosec x + 3 sec y ) = 64 = 26 14. Solve: sin x + sin y = 1 , cos 2 x - cos 2 y = 1
15. If A and B are acute +ve angles satisfying the equations
fi 2cosec x + 3 sec y = 6
3 sin 2 A + 2 sin 2 B = 1 and 3 sin 2 A = 2 sin 2 B , then
fi 2cosec x + cosec x = 6 , from (iii)
( A + 2B) .
fi 3 cosec x = 6
2
cosec x = 2 16. If tan (A – B) = 1 and sec ( A + B ) =
fi 3
1 smallest +ve values of A and B and their most general
fi sin x = values.
2
The Trigonometric Equation 141
17. If sin A = sin B and cos A = cos B

of A in terms of B. ( )
3. If tan 2 x + 1 - 3 tan x - 3 = 0 , then x is
18. Solve: 4 sin 4 x + cos 4 x = 1 p p p p
(a) np + (b) np - (c) np + (d) np -
19. Solve: 4 cos x sin x - 2 sin x = 2 sin x
2 2 3 3 4 4
7 4. If tan 2 q + cot 2 q = 2 , then q is
20. Solve: sin 6 x + cos6 x =
16 p p p p
(a) np + (b) np - (c) np + (d) np -
p 6 6 4 4
21. Solve: sin 7x + sin 4x + sin x = 0, 0 £ x £
2 5. If tan q + cot q = 2 , then q is
22. Solve: cos 3x + cos 2x p p p
Ê 3x ˆ Ê xˆ (a) np + (b) np - (c) (d) np - .
= sin ÁË ˜¯ + sin ÁË ˜¯ , 0 £ x £ 2p 4 4 3
2 2 6. The set of values of x for which
23. Solve: sin x + sin 2 x + sin 3x tan 3x - tan 2 x
= 1 is
= cos x + cos 2 x + cos 3x 1 + tan 3x tan 2 x
24. Solve: cos 2 x + cos 4 x = 2 cos x p p p
(a) f (b) (c) np + (d) 2np +
25. Solve: sin 2 x + sin x + cos 2 x + cos x + 1 = 0 4 3 4
26. Solve: cos x cos 2 x cos 4 x =
1 7. If sin 5x + sin 3x + sin x = 0, then the value of x other
4 p
than zero, lying between 0 £ x £
0£ x£p 2
27. Solve: sin 3a = 4 sin a .sin ( x + a ) .sin ( x - a ) (a)
p
(b)
p
(c)
p
(d)
p
28. Solve: sin 2 x sin 4 x + cos 2 x = cos 6 x 6 12 3 4
8. If a and b are acute positive angles satisfying the equa-
29. Solve: sin 3x.cos x + sin 2 x cos 2 x
tion 3 sin 2 a + 2 sin 2 b = 1 and 3 sin 2a - 2 sin 2b = 0,
+ sin x.cos3 x = 1, 0 £ x £ 2p then a + 2b is
30. If q1 , q 2 , q3 , q 4 be the four roots of the equation p p p
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)
sin (q + a ) = k sin 2q , no two of which differ by a 4 3 2
multiple of 2p , then prove that 9. If 2 sin 2 x + sin 2 2 x = 2 , -p < x < p , then x is
p p p 3p
q1 + q 2 + q 3 + q 4 = ( 2n + 1) , n Œ Z (a) ± (b) ± (c) ± (d) None
4 2 4 4
LEVEL II 10. The real roots of the equation cos7 x + sin 4 x = 1 in

(MIXED PROBLESMS) (-p , p ) are
Solve the following equations and tick the correct one. p p p
(a) - ,0 (b) - , 0,
1 2 2 2
1. sin 2 q - cos q = , 0 £ q £ 2p
2 p p p
(c) 0, (d) 0, ,
2p p p 5p 2 4 2
(a) , (b) ,
3 3 3 3 11. The general solution of cos5 x - sin 5 x - 1 = 0 is
p 2p 2p 5p (a) np (b) 2np
(c) - , (d) ,
3 3 3 3 p p
(c) np + (d) 2np +
2. If 3 tan q - 2 sin q = 0 , then q is
2 2 2
p 12. If 4 sin 4 x + cos 4 x = 1 , then x is
(a) np (b) np + (-1) n
6
2
p p (a) np (b) np ± sin -1
n
(c) np - (-1) (d) np + 5
6 3 2np p
(c) (d) 2np ±
3 4
13. The number of points of intersection of 2y = 1 and 24. The minimum value of 2sin x + 2cos x is
p p
y = cos x in - £ x £ is 1-
1
2 2 (a) 1 (b) 2 2
(a) 1 (b) 2 1
(c) 3 (d) 4 - Ê 1 ˆ
(c) 2 2 (d) Á 2 - ˜
14. The number of values of x in the interval [0, 3p ] Ë 2¯
satisfying the equation 2 sin 2 x + 5 sin x - 3 = 0 is 25. If cos pq + cos qq = 0 , then the different values of q
(a) 6 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 are in A.P., whose common difference is
p p
15. The number of values of x in [0, 5p ] satisfying the (a) (b)
p+q p-q
equation 3 sin 2 x - 7 sin x + 2 = 0 is
(a) 0 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 10 2p 3p
(c) (d)
p±q p±q
16. The number of solution of the equation
1 26. If tan 2x. tan x = 1, then x is
cot x = cot x + , 0 < x < 2p , is p p
sin x (a) (b) (6n ± 1)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 3 6
p p
17. The number of solution of cos x = sin x such that (c) ( 4n ± 1) (d) ( 2n ± 1)
6 6
0 < x < 2p is
(a) 2 (b) 4 27. The maximum value of 5 sin q + 3sin(q – a) is 7, then
(c) 8 (d) None the set of all possible values of a is
18. The number of solution of the equation tan x.tan 4 x = 1 , Ê pˆ Ê 2p ˆ

(a) Á 2np ± ˜ (b) Á 2np ± ˜
0 < x < p , is Ë 3¯ Ë 3¯
(a) 1 (b) 2
È p 2p ˘
(c) 5 (d) 8 (c) Í , ˙ (d) None
Î3 3 ˚
19. The number of solution of the equation
12 cos3 x - 7 cos 2 x + 4 cos x - 9 = 0 , is Êp ˆ Êp ˆ
28. If tan Á sin q ˜ = cot Á sin q ˜ , then sin q + cos q is
(a) 0 (b) 2 Ë2 ¯ Ë2 ¯
(a) 2n – 1 (b) 2n + 1 (c) 2n (d) n
20. The sum of all solution of the equation
Êp ˆ Êp ˆ
Êp ˆ Êp ˆ 1 29. If sin Á cot q ˜ = cos Á tan q ˜ , then q is
cos q .cos Á + q ˜ .cos Á - q ˜ = is Ë4 ¯ Ë4 ¯
Ë3 ¯ Ë3 ¯ 4
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
100p (a) ÁË np + ˜¯ (b) ÁË 2np ± ˜¯
(a) 15p (b) 30p (c) (d) None 4 4
3
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
21. The number of solution of 16sin
2
x
+ 16cos
2
x
= 10 , (c) ÁË np - ˜¯ (d) ÁË 2np ± ˜¯
4 6
0 £ x £ 2p , is
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8. 30. If tan (p cos q ) = cot (p sin q ) , then the values of
22. The smallest positive value of x such that Ê pˆ

cos Á q - ˜ is (are)
tan( x + 20∞) = tan( x + 10∞).tan x.tan( x - 10∞) , is Ë 4¯
(a) 30∞ (b) 45∞ (c) 60∞ (d) 75∞ 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) ± (d) None
23. The maximum value of 2 2 2 2
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ Ê pˆ 31. If 3 tan(q - 15∞) = tan(q + 15∞) , then q is
sin Á x + ˜ + cos Á x + ˜ in ÁË 0, ˜¯ is attained at
Ë 6¯ Ë 6¯ 2
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
(a) Á np + ˜ (b) Á np + ˜
p p p p Ë 4¯ Ë 8¯
(a) (b) (c) (d)
12 6 3 2
Ê pˆ
(c) Á np + ˜ (d) None
Ë 3¯
Ê pˆ Ê 2p ˆ 42. |tan x + sec x| = |tan x| + |sec x|, x Œ [0, 2p],

32. If tan q + tan Á q + ˜ + tan Á q + ˜ = 3 , then q is if x belongs to that interval
Ë 3¯ Ë 3¯
È pˆ Êp ˘
Ê pˆ (a) [0, p] (b) Í0, ˜ » Á , p ˙
p Î 2¯ Ë 2 ˚
(a) (2n + 1) (b) ÁË np ± ˜¯
3 È 3p ˆ Ê 3p ˘
12 (c) Í0, ˜ » Á , 2p ˙ (d) (p, 2p].
p Î 2¯ Ë 2 ˚
(c) ( 4n + 1) (d) None 5
12 43. The number of solutions of Â cos (rx ) = 5 in the
33. The equation a sin2x + cos2x = 2a – 7 posses a solution interval [0, 2p] is r =1
if (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 5 (d) 10
(a) a > 6 (b) 2 £ a £ 6 44. If f (x) = max {tan x, cot x}. The number of roots of
(c) a > 2 (d) None 1
the equation f ( x ) = in (0, 2p) is
34. The number of all possible triplets ( a1 , a2 , a3 ) such 2+ 3
that a1 + a2 cos 2 x + a3 sin 2 x = 0 for all x, the number (a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) •
of possible 5-tuplets is 45. If sin x + cos x + tan x + cot x + sec x + cosec x = 7
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) None and sin 2x = a - b c , then a – b + 2c is
3
35. If a1 + a2 sin x + a3 cos x + a4 sin 2 x + a5 cos 2 x = 0 (a) 0 (b) 14 (c) 2 (d)
2
holds for all x, then the number of possible 5-tuplets 46. If sin4x + cos4x + 2 = 4 sin x cos y and
is
p
0 < x, y < , then sin x + cos y is
2
36. The number of solution of the equation 3
x (a) –2 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d)
1 + sin x .sin 2 = 0 in [ -p , p ] is 2
2 47. The equation cos4x – (l + 2) cos2x – (l + 3) = 0
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 possesses a solution if
37. The solution of (a) l > – 3 (b) l < – 2
(c) –3 < l < – 2 (d) l Œ z+
sin 4 x + cos 4 x + sin 2 x + a = 0 is solvable for
1 1 48. If 0 < q < 2p and 2 sin 2 q - 5 sin q + 2 > 0 , then
(a) - £ a £ (b) -3 £ a £ 1 the range of q is
2 2
Ê pˆ Ê 5p ˆ
(c) -
3
£a £
1
(d) -1 £ a £ 1 (a) ÁË 0, ˜¯ » ÁË , 2p ˜¯
2 2 6 6
Ê 5p ˆ
38. The equation sin 4 x - 2 cos 2 x + a 2 = 0 is solvable for (b) ÁË 0, ˜¯ » (p, 2p)
6
(a) - 3 £ a £ 3 (b) - 2 £ a £ 2
Ê pˆ
(c) -1 £ a £ 1 (d) None (c) ÁË 0, ˜¯ » (p, 2p)
6
39. The number of pairs (x, y) satisfying the equations (d) None.
sin x + sin y = sin (x + y ) and x + y = 1 , is 49. The number of values of x for which
sin 2x + cos 4x = 2 is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) •
40. The value of ‘a’ for which the equation
50. The number of solutions of the equation
4cosec2 [p (a + x )] + a2 - 4a = 0 , has a real solution, x3 + x2 + 4x + 2 sin x = 0 in 0 < x < 2p is
if (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
(a) a = 1 (b) a = 2 (c) a = 3 (d) None 51. The number of solutions of the equation
1 tan x + sec x = 2cos x lying in the interval [0, 2p] is
41. If sin x + cos x = y + , x Œ [0, p], then
y (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
p
(a) x = , y = 1 (b) y = 0 52. The number of solutions of the equation
4
3p 2(sin4 2x + cos4 2x) + 3 sin2 x cos2 x = 0 is
(c) y = 2 (d) x = (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
4
53. cos 2x + a sin x = 2a – 7 possesses a solution for 63. The general solution of the equation
(a) all a (b) a > 6 sin100 x – cos100 x = 1, is
(c) a < 2 (d) a Œ [2, 6] p p
2 2 (a) 2np + , n Œ z (b) np + , n Œ z
54. If 0 < x <2 p and 81sin x + 81cos x = 30, then x is 3 2
p p p p p
(a) (b) (c) p (d) (c) np + p, n Œ z (d) 2np , n Œ z
6 2 4 4 3
55. If 1 + sinq + sin2q + ...... to • = 4 + 2 3 , 64. The number of solution of the equation 2cosx = |sin x|
p in [–2p, 2p] is
0 < q < p, q π , then (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
2
65. The2 general solution of the equation
p p 2
(a) q = (b) q = 2cos x + 1 = 3.2–sin x is
6 3 (a) np . n Œ z
p p p 2p (b) (n + 1)p, n Œ z
(c) q = or (d) or
3 6 3 3 (c) (n – 1)p, n Œ z
56. If tan (pcosq) = cot (psinq), then the value of (d) None
Ê pˆ 66. If x Œ (0, 1), the greatest root of the equation
cos Á q - ˜ is sin2px = 2 cospx is
Ë 4¯
1 1 1 1 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) None (a) (b) (c) (d) None
2 2 2 2 4 2 4
67. The number of solutions of tan (5p cos a)
57. The most general values of x for which
= cot (5p sin a) for a Œ (0, 2p) is
min
sin x + cos x = a ŒR {1, a2 – 4a + 6} are given by (a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 21 (d) 3
(a) 2np, n Œ N 68. The number of solution of the equation
p Ê xˆ
(b) 2np + , n Œ N 1 + sinx . sin2 ÁË ˜¯ = 0 in [–p, p] is
2 2
p p (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(c) np + (–1)n – ,nŒN 69. The number of solution of the equation
4 4
1
(d) None |cot x| = cot x + , " x Œ [0, 2p] is
58. If x Œ [0, 2p] and sin x + sin y = 2 then the value of sin x
x + y is (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
p 70. The real roots of the equation
(a) p (b) (c) 3p (d) None cos7x + sin4x = 1 in (–p, p) are
2
p p p
59. The number of roots of the equation (a) – , 0 (b) – , 0,
p 2 2 2
x + 2 tan x = in the interval [0, 2p] is p p p
2 (c) ,0 (d) 0, ,
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) • 2 4 2
60. The number of solutions of the equation cos(p x - 4 )
LEVEL III
cos (p x ) = 1 is
(PROBLEMS FOR JEE ADVANCED EXAM)
(a) None (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) >2
Solve the following trigonometric equations:
Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
Ê px ˆ 1. cot Á ˜ - cosec Á ˜ = cot x
sin Á = x2 – 2 3 x + 4 Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ë 2 3 ˜¯
(a) forms an empty set (b) only one 2. 8 cos x.cos 2 x.cos 4 x = sin 6 x
sin x
(c) is only two (d) is greater then two
tan x tan 2 x
62. Number of real roots of the equation 3. + +2=0
tan 2 x tan x
sec q + cosec q = 15 lying between 0 and 2p is
4. Solve: cos x cos (6x) = –1
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 0
5. Solve: cos(4x) + sin(5x) = 2
6. sin2x + 5 cos x + 5 sin x + 1 = 0

sin 4 x - (k + 2) sin 2 x - ( k + 3) = 0 has a solution, then
7. sinx + sin 2x +sin 3x = cos x + cos 2x +cos 3x
k.
in the interval 0 £ x £ p 24. Find the number of principal solutions of the equation
8. sin 2 x tan x + cos 2 x cot x - sin 2 x x
= 26 sin x .
2
4.16sin
= 1 + tan x cot x 25. Find the general solution of
2 2 4
9. sin 4x + cos x = 2 sin 4x cos x sec x = 1 + cos x + cos 2 x + cos3 x + ......
7
10. sin 4 x + cos 4 x = sin x cos x INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS
2
11. sin 4 x + cos 4 x 1. Find the number of values of x in (0, 5p ) satisfying
the equation 3 sin 2 x - 7 sin x + 2 = 0
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
= 2 cos Á 2 x + ˜ cos Á 2 x - ˜ 2. Find the number of integral values of k, for which the
Ë 6 ¯ Ë 6¯ equation 2 cos x + 3 sin x = k + 1 has a solution.
Ê pˆ 1 3. Find the number of distinct real roots of
12. sin 4 x + sin 4 Á x + ˜ =
Ë 4¯ 4 sin x cos x cos x
Ê pˆ cos x sin x cos x = 0 in È- p , p ˘
Í 4 4˙
13. If cos ÁË x + ˜¯ + cos x = a cos x cos x sin x Î ˚
3
that the equation has a real solution. 4. Find the number of pairs (x, y ) satisfying the equations
1 sin x + sin y = sin (x + y) and x + y = 1
14. Find the number of roots of cos x - x + = 0 lies in 5. Find the maximum value of
2
Ê 0, p ˆ
ÁË ˜¯ 1 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2 x
2
f ( x) = sin x 2
1 + cos x 2
4 sin 2 x
15. Find the number of integral ordered pairs satisfy the
Ïcos ( xy ) = x sin x cos x 1 + 4 sin 2 x
2 2
equations Ì
Ó tan ( xy ) = y x
6. Find the number of solutions of sin x =
16. Find the number of real solutions of 10
sin 2016 x - cos 2016 x = 1 in [0, 2p ] 7. Find the number of solutions of
tan x + cot x = 2 cosec x in [ -2p , 2p ] .
17. Find the number of ordered pairs which satisfy the 8. Find the number of soltions of
equation x 2 + 2 x sin ( xy ) + 1 = 0 for y Œ[0, 2p ] . 1
cos x .cos 2 x .cos 4 x = in [0, p ] .
18. Find the number of solution of the equation 4
sin 5x . cos 3x = sin 6x . cos 2x in [0,p ] . 9. If x , y Œ[0, 2p ]
19. Find the number of solution of the equation (x, y) satisfying the equation sin x . cos y = 1.
È p˘ 10. If x Œ[0, 3p ] x
cos 3x. tan 5x = sin 7x lying in Í0, ˙ .
Î 2˚ 1
20. The angles B and C (B > C ) of a triangle satisfying satisfying the equation cot x = cot x + .
sin x
(
the equation 2 tan x - l 1 + tan 2 x = 0 ) 11. Find the number of solutions of
angle A, if 0 < l < 1 . tan x tan(4x) = 1, for 0 < x < p
12. Find the number of integral values of n for which the
21. Determine all values of ‘a’ for which the equation equation sin(sin x + cos x) = n has atleast one solution.
cos 4 x - (a + 2) cos 2 x - (a + 3) = 0 has a solution and 13. Find the number of real solutions of
sin{x} = cos{x} in [0, 2p]
22. Find all the solution of the equation 14. Find the number of solutions of
p È 5p 7p ˘
( ) ( )
2x 2x
sin x + sin Ê (1 - cos x ) + sin 2 x ˆ = 0 in Í , ˙. 3 +1 + 3 -1 = 23 x
2
8 Ë ¯ Î 2 2 ˚
15. Find the number of values of y in [–2p, 2p] for which
23. If the equation |sin(2x)| + |cos(2x)| = |sin(y)|
LINKED COMPREHENSION TYPE Ê pˆ Ê pˆ

(FOR JEE ADVANCED EXAMS ONLY) (c) Á 2np + ˜ , Á 2np + ˜ , n Œ I
Ë 4¯ Ë 2¯
PASSAGE I
(d) None
An equation is of the form f (sin x ± cos x, ± sin x cos x ) = 0
5. If (sin x + cos x ) = 2 2 sin x cos x , then x is
can be solved by changing the variable.
Let sin x ± cos x = t Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
(a) Á 2np + ˜ , n Œ I (b) Á 2np - ˜ , n Œ I
Ë 4¯ Ë 4¯
fi sin 2 x + cos 2 x ± 2 sin x cos x = t 2 Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
(c) Á np + ˜ , n Œ I (d) Á np - ˜ , n Œ I
fi 1 ± 2 sin x cos x = t 2 Ë 4¯ Ë 4¯
Thus, the given equation is reducible to PASSAGE II
Ê t 2 - 1ˆ
a is a root of the equation ( 2 sin x - cos x ) (1 + cos x ) = sin x
2
f Át , =0
Ë 2 ˜¯ b is a root of the equation 3 cos3 x - 10 cos x + 3 = 0
On the basis of above information, answer the following and g is a root of the equation 1 - sin 2 x = cos x - sin x ,
questions . p
1. If 1 - sin 2 x = cos x - sin x , then x is 0 £ a , b , g £ . Then on the basis of above information,
2
Ê pˆ answer the following questions.
(a) 2np , ÁË 2np - ˜¯ , n Œ I
2
1. cos a + cos b + cos g is equal to
Ê pˆ
(b) 2np , ÁË np + ˜¯ , n Œ I 3 6 +2 2 +6
4 (a) (b) 3 3 + 8
6 2 6
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
(c) ÁË 2np - ˜¯ , ÁË np + ˜¯ , n Œ I
2 4 (c) 3 3 + 2 (d) None
(d) None 6
2. If sin x + cos x = 1 + sin x cos x , then x is 2. sin a + sin b + sin g is equal to
Ê pˆ 14 + 3 2 5
(a) 2np , Á 2np + ˜ , n Œ I (a) (b)
Ë 2¯ 6 2 6
Ê pˆ 1+ 2
(b) 2np , Á np + ˜ , n Œ I (c) 3 + 4 2 (d)
Ë 4¯ 6 2
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
(c) Á 2np - ˜ , Á np + ˜ , n Œ I 3. sin (a - b ) is equal to
Ë 2¯ Ë 4¯ (a) 1 (b) 0
(d) None 1- 2 6 3-2 2
(c) (d)
3. If sin 4 x + cos 4 x = sin x cos x , then x is 6 6
p
(a) n p , n Œ I (b) (6n + 1) , n Œ I PASSAGE III
6
p Solutions of equations a sin x ± b cos x = c. General value
(c) ( 4n + 1) , n Œ I (d) None satisfying two equations.
4
a cos q ± b sin q = c, where q satisfying two equations.
3
4. If 1 + sin 3 x + cos3 x = sin 2 x , then x is
2 a = r cosq, b = r sinq.
Ê pˆ (b) Satisfying two equations. Find the common value
(a) ( 2n + 1) p , Á 2np + ˜ , n Œ I
Ë 4¯ of lying between 0 and 2p and then add 2np.
On the basis of above information, answer the following
pˆ
(b) (2n + 1) p , ÊÁË 2np - ˜ , n ŒI questions.
2¯ 1. The number of integral values of k for which the
equation 7 cos x + 5 sin x = 2k + 1 has a solution is
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 12
Ê 7p ˆ PASSAGE V
2. If cos 3x + sin Á 2 x - ˜ = -2 , then x is Whenever the terms of two sides of the equation are of
Ë 6¯
different nature, then equations are known as non-standard
p (b) (6n - 1) p , n Œ I
(a) (6n + 1), n ŒI form, some of them are in the form of an ordinary equation
3 3 but can not be solved by standard procedures.
p
(c) ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I (d) None Non standard problems require high degree of logic,
3 they also require the use of graphs, inverse properties of
3. The value of x such that -p < x < p and satisfying functions, in-equalities.
3 On the basis of above information, answer the following
the equation 81+ cos x + cos x + cos x +....... = 43 , then x is
2
questions:
p 2p p 2p 1. The number of solutions of the equation
(a) (b) (c) – (d) –
Ê xˆ
3 3
3 3
(
2 cos Á ˜ = 3x + 3- x is
Ë 2¯ )
esin x - e- sin x - 4 = 0 is (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 0 2. The number of solution of the equation
Ê xˆ p
PASSAGE IV Ë 2¯ ( )
2 cos 2 Á ˜ sin 2 x = x 2 + x -2 , 0 £ x £ is
2
Suppose equation is f ( x ) - g ( x ) = 0 or y = f ( x ) = g ( x ) , (a) 1 (b) > 1 (c) 0 (d) None
say, then draw the graphs of y = f (x) and y = g (x).
3. The number of real solutions of the equation
If graphs of y = f (x) and y = g (x) cuts at one, two,
three,………, no points, then number of solutions are one, ( )
sin e x = 5 x + 5- x is
two, three, ……, zero, respectively. (a) 0 (b) 1
On the basis of above information, answer the following
questions:
y2
4. If 0 £ x £ 2p and 2cosec x ¥
2
x - y + 1 £ 2 , then
1. The number of solutions of sin x = is 2
10
the number of ordered pairs of (x, y) is
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) None
(a) 1 (b) 2
2. Total number of solutions of the equation
5p
3x + 2 tan x = , x Œ[0, 2p ] , is 5. The number of solutions of the equation sin x = x2 +
2
x + 1 is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) None
3. Total number of solutions of sin { x} = cos { x} , where
{ } = F.P.F, in [0, 2p ] is MATCH MATRIX
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) None. 1. Match the following columns:
Column - I Column - II
3 p
4. If 1 - sin x = x - + a has no solution, when (A) The equation
2 2 sin x + cos x = 2 has (P) One solution
+
a Œ R , then (B) The equation
3 p 3 sin x + cos x = 4 has (Q) Two solution
(a) a Œ R + (b) a > + (C) The equation
2 3
3 sin x + 4 cos x = 6 has (R) Three solution
Ê 3 p ˆ Ê3 3 p ˆ (D) The equation
(c) a ŒÁ 0, + ˜ (d) a ŒÁ , + ˜. sin x cos x = 2 has (S) No solution
Ë 2 3¯ Ë2 2 3¯
5. Total number of solutions of cos 2x = sin x , 2. Match the following columns:
p
where - < x < p , is cos ( A + B ) - sin ( A + B ) cos (2 B )
2
(A) If sin A cos A sin B = 0
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
- cos A sin A cos B
then B is (P) np
cos q sin q cos q 5. Match the following columns:

(B) If Column - I Column - II
- sin q cos q sin q = 0
(A) The number of real roots of
- cos q - sin q cos q cos7 x + sin 4 x = 1 (P) 8
p
then q is (Q) (2n + 1) in ( -p , p ) , is
2 (B) The number of real (Q) 4
1 + sin q 2
cos q 2
4 sin 4q roots of cosec x = 1 + cot x
(C) If in ( -2p , 2p ) , is
sin q 2
1 + cos q 2
4 sin 4q =0,
(C) The number of integral (R) 3
sin 2 q sin 2 q 1 + 4 sin 4q values of k for which,
the equation 7 cos x + 5 sin x
p
then q is (R) (2n - 1) = 2 k + 1 has a solution is
2 (D) The number of solutions (S) 2
7p of the pair of equations (T) 7
(S)
24 2 sin 2 q - cos 2q = 0 and
3. Match the following columns;
Column - I Column -II 2 cos 2 q - 3 sin q = 0 in
(A) If 4 sin 4 x + cos 4 x = 1 , [0, 2p ] is
p
then x is (P) 6. Match the following columns:
4
(B) If sec x.cos (5 x ) + 1 = 0 ,
p (A) If cos 3x.cos x + sin 3x ,
3
where 0 < x < 2p, (Q) Ê pˆ
6 .sin 3 x = 0 then x is (P) ÁË n p ± ˜¯ , n Œ I
then x is 3
(C) If 81sin
2
x
+ 81cos
2
x
= 30 , (B) If sin 3a = 4 sin a ,
where 0 < x < 2p, (R) -

p sin ( x + a ) sin ( x - a )
4 Ê pˆ
then x is then a is, where a π np (Q) Á n p + ˜ , n Œ I
Ë 4¯
(D) If 2 sin 2 x + sin 2 2 x = 2
where 0 < x < 2p, (S) np, n Œ I (C) If 2 tan x - 1 ,
then x is Ê np p ˆ
+ 2 cot x - 1 = 2 then x is (R) Á + ˜ , n ŒI
4. Match the following columns; Ë 4 8¯
Column - I Column -II (D) If sin10 x + cos10 x ,
(A) If cos q + cos 3q + cos 5q ,
29 Ê np p ˆ
np p = cos 4 ( 2 x ) then x is (S) Á ± , n ŒI
+ cos 7q = 0 then q is (P) + , n ŒI 16 Ë 2 4 ˜¯
2 6
7. Match the following columns:
(B) If sin x - 3 sin 2 x + sin 3x If a & b are the roots of a cos q + b sin q = c , then
= cos x - 3 cos 2 x + cos 3x Column - I Column - II
p 2b
then x is (Q) n p + , n ŒI (A) sin a + sin b is (P)
2 a+c
(C) If sin 4q - sec 2q = 2 , c-a
(B) sin a .sin b is (Q)
np p c+a
then q is (R) + , n ŒI
5 10 a
Ê ˆ b
Ê ˆ 2bc
(C) tan Á ˜ + tan Á ˜ is (R) 3
(D) If tan( x + 100∞) Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ a + b3
= tan( x + 50∞).tan x Êaˆ Ê bˆ c2 - a2
np (D) tan Á ˜ .tan Á ˜ is (S) 2 .
.tan( x - 50∞) then x is (S) , n ŒI Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ a + b2
5
8. Match the following columns:
Êpˆ
(T) ± ÁË ˜¯ Column - I Column - II
3 p
(A) If sin 5 x = 16 sin 5 x , (P) ( 2n + 1) , n ŒI
then x is 4
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

(B) If 4 cos 2 x.sin x - 2 sin 2 x ,
= 3 sin x then x is (Q) n p , n Œ I 5. Assertion (A): a cos x + b cos 3x £ 1 for every x in R
(C) If tan ( 2 x ) + cot ( 2 x )
2 2 Reason (R): since b £ 1
p (a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
+2 tan (2 x ) + 2 cot ( 2 x ) = 0 (R) np + , n Œ I
6 6. Assertion (A): The set of values of x for
(D) If tan x.tan 3x.tan 4 x
2 2
tan 3x - tan 2 x
which = 1 is f
= tan 2 x - tan 2 3x + tan 4 x 1 + tan 3x.tan 2 x
Ê n pˆ Reason (R): since tanx
then x is (S) Á np + (-1) ˜
Ë 8¯ p
9. Observe the following columns: x = ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I
2
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
(A) If cos(6q ) + cos(4q )
7. Assertion (A): The number of solutions of the equation
+ cos(2q) + 1 = 0, (P) 2 n p , n Œ I tan x + sec x = 2 cos x lying in the interval [0, 2p ] is 2
then q is Reason (R): The number of solutions of the equation
(B) If 3 - 2 cos q - 4 sin q , 3 sin 2 x - 7 sin x + 2 = 0 in [0, 5p ] is 6
– cos 2q + sin 2q = 0, (Q) np , n Œ I (a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
then q is 3
8. Assertion (A): The number of solutions of
1
(C) If cos q .cos 2q .cos 3q = , tan x. tan 4 x = 1 in (0, p ) is 5
4 Reason (R): The number of solutions of
p
then q is (R) ( 4 n + 1) , n Œ I cos x = sin x in [0, 4p ] is 4
2
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
(D) If sin (5q ) + sin (q )
p 9. Assertion (A):
= sin(3q), then q is (S) ( 2n + 1)
12 Êp ˆ Êp ˆ
If tan Á sin q ˜ = cot Á cos q ˜ , then
ASSERTION AND REASON Ë2 ¯ Ë2 ¯
Codes: sin q + cos q = ± 2
(A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the Reason (R): - 2 £ sin q + cos q £ 2
correct explanation of A. (a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
(B) Both A and R are individually true and R is not
the correct explanantion of A. 10. Assertion (A): sin A = sin B = sin C = 2 sin(18∞)
(C) A is true but R is false. Reason (R): If cos A = tan B,
(D) A is false but R is true. cos B = tan C , cos C = tan A
1. Assertion (A): The number of real solutions (a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
of sin x = x 2 + x + 1 is 1
Reson (R): since sin x £ 1 SELF ASSESMENT I
CH: TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
2. Assertion (A): The number of real solutions Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 100.
Give answers of the following questions:
of cos x = 3x + 3- x
1. Solve for x: sinx + cosx
Reason (R): since cos x £ 1
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
= min
a ŒR
{1, a 2 - 4a + 6 . }
2. Solve for x: cos x = cos x - 2 sin x .
3. Assertion (A): The maximum value of 3. Find all values of a for which the equation
3 sin x + 4 cos x + 10 is 15
sin 4 x + cos 4 x + sin 2 x + a = 0
Reason (R): The least value of 2 sin 2 x + 4 is 4 general solution of the equation.
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D 4. Find the smallest positive root of the equation
4. Assertion (A): The greatest value of sin(1 - x) = cos x .
sin 4 x + cos 2 x is 1 5. Solve for x and y:
Reason (R): The range of the function
3sin x + cos y = 1 , 25sin x + cos 2 y
2
=5.
f ( x ) = sin 2 x + cos 2 x is 1
6. Solve for x and y: 9. The general solutions of sin x - 3 sin 2 x + sin 3x

1 - 2 x - x 2 = tan 2 ( x + y ) + cos 2 ( x + y ) . = cos x - 3 cos 2 x + cos 3x is
7. Solve for x and y: x 2 + 2 x sin( xy ) + 1 = 0 . p
(a) np + , n Œ I
8. Find the range of y such that the equation in x, 8
y + cos x = sin x has a real solution. For y x np p
(b) + , n ŒI
such that 0 < x < 2p . 2 8
9. For what values of k, the equation n np p
sinx + cos (k + x) + cos (k – x) = 2 (c) ( -1) + , n ŒI
2 8
has real solutions. Ê 2ˆ
10. If sin 5q = a sin 5 q + b sin 3 q + c sin q + d (d) 2n p + cos -1 Á ˜ , n Œ I [IIT-JEE-1989]
Ë 3¯
for every q ŒR , then prove that 10. No questions asked in between 1990 to 1992.
(i) a + b + c + d = 0 (ii) a + b + c = 1 11. Number of solutions of the equation
(iii) 5a + 4b = 0 (iv) b + 4c = 0. tan x + sec x = 2 cos x lying in the interval [0, 2 p ] is
(a) 0 (b) 1
QUESTIONS ASKED IN PAST IIT-JEE EXAMS
(c) 2 (d) 3. [IIT-JEE-1993]
1. The genral solution of the trigonometric 12. Determine the smallest +ve value of x (in degrees) for
equation sin x + cos x = 1 is given by which
(a) x = 2np , n Œ I tan( x + 100∞) = tan( x + 50∞) tan x tan( x - 50∞) .
Ê pˆ [IIT-JEE-1993]
(b) x = Á 2 n p + ˜ , n Œ I 13. Let n be a +ve integer such that
Ë 2¯
Êpˆ Êpˆ n
Ê n pˆ sin Á ˜ + cos Á ˜ = . Then
(c) x = Á n p + (-1) ˜ , n Œ I Ë 2n ¯ Ë 2n ¯ 2
Ë 4¯
(a) 6 £ n £ 8 (b) 4 < n £ 8
(d) None of these [IIT-JEE - 1981] (c) 4 £ n £ 8 (d) 4 < n < 8
2. Find the point of intersections of the curves [IIT-JEE-1994]
y = cos x & y = sin 3x
14. Let 2 sin 2 x + 3 sin x - 2 ≥ 0 and x 2 - x - 2 < 0 (x is
È p p˘ measured in radians). Then x lies in the interval
where x Œ Í- , ˙ [IIT-JEE-1982]
Î 2 2˚ Ê p 5p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ
3. Find all solutions of (a) Á , ˜ (b) Á -1, ˜
Ë6 6 ¯ Ë 6¯
4 cos 2 x sin x - 2 sin 2 x = 3 sin x . [IIT-JEE-1983]
Êp ˆ
4. There exist a value of q between 0 and 2p which (c) (-1, 2) (d) Á , 2˜
Ë6 ¯
[IIT-JEE-1994]
sin 4 q - 2 sin 2 q - 1 = 0? [IIT-JEE-1984] 15. Find the smallest +ve value of p for which the equation.
5. No questions asked in 1985. cos ( p sin x ) = sin ( p cos x ) has a solution
6. Find the solution set of for x Œ[0, 2p ] [IIT-JEE-1995]
2p 3
x+ y= , cos x + cos y = , where x and y are real. È p p˘
3 2 16. Find all values of q in the interval Í- , ˙ satisfying
[IIT-JEE-1986] Î 2 2˚
the equation
7. Find the set of all x in the interval [0, p ] (1 - tan q ) (1 + tan q ) sec2 q + 2tan
=0
2
q
for which 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 ≥ 0 . [IIT-JEE - 1987] [IIT-JEE-1996]

8. The smallest +ve root of the equation 17. Find the general value of q satisfying the
tan x - x = 0 lies in equation tan 2 q + sec 2q = 1 [IIT-JEE-1997]
Ê pˆ Êp ˆ 18. Find the real roots of the equation
(a) Á 0, ˜ (b) Á , p ˜
Ë 2¯ Ë 2 ¯ cos7 x + sin 4 x = 1 in the interval ( -p , p )
Ê 3p ˆ Ê 3p ˆ [IIT-JEE-1997]
(c) Á p , ˜ (d) Á , 2p ˜ 19. The number of values of x in the interval [0, 5p ]
Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯
satisfying the equation 3 sin 2 x - 7 sin x + 2 = 0 is
[IIT-JEE-1987]
(a) 0 (b) 5
(c) 6 (d) 10 [IIT-JEE-1998]
n 28. If sin q = cos j , then the possible values of

20. Let n be an odd integer. If sin ( nq ) = Â br sin r q for
each value of q then r =0 1Ê pˆ
ÁË q ± j - ˜¯ are ..... [IIT-JEE-2008]
(a) b0 = 1, b1 = 3 p 2
(b) b0 = 0, b1 = n p
29. For 0 < q < , the solutions of
(c) b0 = -1, b1 = n 2
(d) b0 = -1, b1 = n 2 - 3n + 3 [IIT-JEE-1998] 6 Ê (m - 1) p ˆ Ê mp ˆ
21. No questions asked in between 1999 to 2001. Â cosec Á q + ˜¯ cosec ÁË q + 4 ˜¯ = 4 2
m =1 Ë 4
22. The number of values of k for which the equation
is (are)
7 cos x + 5 sin x = 2k + 1 has a solution is
p p
(a) 4 (b) 8 (a) (b)
(c) 10 (d) 12 [IIT-JEE-2002] 4 6
23. No questions asked in between 2003 to 2004. p 5p
(c) (d) [IIT-JEE-2009]
24. Let ( a, b ) Œ[-p , p ] be such that cos (a - b ) = 1 and 12 12
1 30. The number of values of q in the interval
cos (a + b ) = . The number of pairs of a, b satisfying
e Ê p pˆ np
the system of equations is ÁË - , ˜¯ such that j π for n Œ I
2 2 2
(a) 0 (b) 1
and tan q = cot 5q as well as sin ( 2q ) = cos (4q ) is...
(c) 2 (d) 4 [IIT-JEE-2005]
È p p˘ [IIT-JEE-2010]
25. Find the values of t Œ Í- , ˙ so that 31. The +ve integer value of n > 3 satisfying
Î 2 2˚
the equation
5x2 - 2 x + 1 Ï 1¸
2 sin t = 2 , "x Œ R - Ì1, - ˝ 1
=
1
+
1
is...
3x - 2 x - 1 Ó 3˛ Êpˆ Ê 2p ˆ Ê 3p ˆ
sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜
[IIT-JEE-2005] Ë n¯ Ë n¯ Ë n¯ [IIT-JEE-2011]
26. If 0 £ q £ 2p , 2 sin 2 q - 5 sin q + 2 > 0 , then the range 32. No questions asked in between 2012 to 2013.
of q is
33. For x Œ(0,p ) , the equation
Ê p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ
(a) Á 0, ˜ » Á , 2p ˜ (b) Á 0, ˜ » (p , 2p ) sin x + 2 sin 2 x - sin 3x = 3 has
Ë 6¯ Ë 6 ¯ Ë 6¯
Ê pˆ (b) three solutions
(c) Á 0, ˜ » (p , 2p ) (d) None of these
Ë 6¯ (c) one solution
[IIT-JEE- 2006] (d) no solution [IIT-JEE-2014]
27. The number of solutions of the pair of equations 34. The number of distinct solutions of the equation
5
2 sin 2 q - cos 2q = 0 and 2 cos 2 q - 3 sin q = 0 in the cos 2 2 x + cos 4 x + sin 4 x + cos6 x + sin 6 x = 2
4
interval [0, 2p ] is
in the interval [0, 2p ] is ...... [IIT-JEE-2015]
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4 [IIT-JEE-2007]
ANSWERS
Exercise 1
np
1. q = , n ŒI 4. q = 2np , n Œ I
2 5
2. q = (2n + 1) p , n Œ I 5. q = ( 2n + 1) p
, n ŒI
6 7
np
6. q = (
3. q = , n ŒI 2n + 1) 3p
3 , n ŒI
14
7. q = n p , n Œ I 30. q =
np p
+ , n ŒI
3 3 12
8. q = p ± p , n Œ I
n
31. q =
np
, n ŒI
3 6 3
9. q = np + (-1)n p , n Œ I 32. q =
np p
+ , n ŒI
3 3 12
p np
10. q = 2np ± , n Œ I n Êpˆ
3 33. q = + ( -1) Á ˜ , n Œ I
2 Ë 4¯
( )
11. q = np + a , a = tan -1 2 , n Œ I
p Ê 1 ˆ
34. q = n p , n p ± , n p ± tan -1 Á , n ŒI
n +1 Ê p ˆ Ë 2 ˜¯
12. q = n p + ( -1)
3
ÁË ˜¯ , n Œ I
6 np p
35. q = , ( 2n + 1) , ( 2n + 1) p , n Œ I
13. q = 2n p ± p , n Œ I 6 4 12
3 4 p
36. q = 2np + , 2 n p , n Œ I
np p 2
14. q = - , n ŒI
3 12 p
37. q = np - , np , n ŒI
np
15. q = n p + (-1) , n Œ I
4
6 p
38. q = ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I
p 2
16. q = 2n p ± , n Œ I
6 p
39. q = np + , n ŒI
p 3
17. q = n p + , n Œ I
6 p
40. q = np + , n ŒI
2p 3
18. q = 2n p ± , n ŒI
3 Exercise 2
p
19. q = np , 2n p ± , n Œ I np p
3 1. q = np + (-1) - , n ŒI
p p Ê pˆ4 3
20. q = (2n + 1) , ( 2n ± 1) , n Œ I 2. q = Á 2np - ˜ , n Œ I
2 2 Ë 4¯
p p p
21. q = n p , n p ± , n Œ I 3. q = ( 4n + 1) - , n ŒI
3 2 6
2 np p p p
22. q = ± , n ŒI 4. q = ( 4n + 1) - , n Œ I
7 14 2 4
p Ê pˆ p
23. q = np ± , n Œ I 5. q = Á 2np ± ˜ - , n Œ I
3 Ë 3¯ 6
np 2p
24. q = , 2 np ± , n ŒI 6. q = np + (-1)n p - p , n Œ I
3 3 4 4
p p p
25. q = (2n + 1) , 2 np n Œ I
n
7. q = np + (-1) - , n ŒI
4 4 4
np p Ê pˆ p
26. q = , np ± , n Œ I 8. q = Á 2np ± ˜ - , n Œ I
4 3 Ë 3¯ 6
p np
27. q = ( 4n - 1) , np + (-1) , n Œ I Ê p ˆ Ê 2np p ˆ
2 6 9. q = - Á 2np + ˜ Á + ˜ , n ŒI
Ë 3¯ Ë 3 9¯
-1 Ê ˆ
1 3p
28. q = np + tan ÁË ˜¯ , np +
2 4
, n ŒI 10. q = np ± p , n Œ I
2 18
p 3p
29. q = n p + , np + , n ŒI
3 4
Exercise 3 p 3p
2. x = np , x = np + (-1) n , x = np - (-1) n , n ŒZ
1. q = 3p 16 16
4
Ê 1ˆ
p 3. x = np + a , where a = tan -1 Á - ˜ , n Œ Z
2. q = Ë 3¯
3
p
4. x = np + (-1) n , n ŒZ
3. q = 2p 16
3
p 3p
5. x = 2np + ± , n ŒZ
4. q = 2p 4 4
3
np
p 6. x = np + (-1) , n Œ Z
5. q = 6
4
p
7. x = (2n + 1) , n Œ Z
Exercise 4 8
1. q = 2np + 7p , n Œ Z p
4 8. x = np + , n Œ Z
4
2. q = 2np + 7p , n Œ Z np p
6 9. x = np , x = ±
2 2
3. q = 2np + p , n Œ Z np p
6 10. x= ± , n ŒZ
2 6
1 È p p˘
4. A = ¥ Í(2m + n)p + ± ˙ , Exercise 6
2 Î 4 6˚
p 5p 7p
1 È p p˘ 1. x = , ,
B = ¥ Í(2m - n)p - ± ˙ , m, n Œ Z 6 6 12
2 Î 4 6˚
2. x = sin -1 (0.6) , x = p - sin -1 (0.6)
p p
5. x = + np , y = - np , n Œ Z p 5p
2 6 3. x = ,
2 3
6. No. Solution., x = j = y
p
p p 4. x = np ± , n Œ Z
7. x = np , y = - np or, x = - np , y = np 3
4 4
np
p 5p 5. x = np + (-1) , n ŒZ
8. r = 6,q = or 3
6 6
9. A – B = 2np , n Œ Z Exercise 7
p p
p n p 1. x = ( 4n + 1) , ( 4n - 1) , n Œ Z
10. x = np + (-1) , y = 2mp ± , m, n Œ Z 2 2
6 2
p p 2p 4p
Ê 3p 3p ˆ Ê p pˆ Êp 1 ˆ 2. x = 0, , . ,
11. Á - , cos ˜ , Á , cos ˜ , Á , 4 2 9 9
Ë 8 8 ¯ Ë8 8 ¯ Ë 4 2 ˜¯ p 5p 9p 13p
2p 2p 3. x = , .p , ,
12. x = 2mp ± , y = 2(m - n)p ± , m, n Œ Z 7 7 7 7
3 3 p 5p 2p 4p 9p 13p
4. x = , , , , ,
p 2p 8 8 3 3 8 8
13. x = or =j
3 3 p 2np
5. x = (2n + 1) , , n ŒZ
p 2 3
14. x = np + (-1) n
6 p 2p
6. x = np - , 2np ± , n ŒZ
p 4 3
& y = 2mp ± , m, n Œ Z
3 7. x = np ± a, n Œ Z
Exercise 5 np
8. x = np , , n ŒZ
2 2
1. q = np + a , where sin a = , n ŒZ
5
p p 2p
9. x = np - , n ŒZ 2. q = ,
4 3 3
p p
10. x = (4n + 1) , n Œ Z 3. x = np , np + (-1) n , n ŒI
8 6
Exercise 8
p p 3p 5p 2p 7p
4.
1
2
(3 -1 )
1. x = , , , , ,
6 3 8 8 3 8 5. No solution
p p
2. x = np ± , n Œ Z 6. x = 2np + , n Œ I
3 4
np np 3p Ê pˆ p
3. x = , + (-1) n , n ŒZ 7. x = ÁË np - ˜¯ , ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I
2 8 16 4 2
p p 3p 5p 7p 11p p
4. x = , , , , , 8. x =
6 4 4 6 4 6 4
5. x = ( 2n + 1) p , n Œ Z Exercise 14
Exercise 9 1. No Solution
2. x = 0
1. x = np + tan -1 (3), np + tan -1 (4), n Œ Z
2. No Solution Level I
p
3. No solution 1. q = np ± , n ŒI
3
Exercise 10
p np p
1. x = 2np ± , n ŒZ 2. q = , np ± , n Œ I
3 4 3
p p p
2. x = (4n + 1) , n Œ Z 3. q = np + , np - , n Œ I
2 3 4
2p np p
3. x = 4np ± , n ŒZ 4. q = + , n ŒI
3 3 12
p
Exercise 11 5. q = (4n + 1) , n Œ I
4
p
1. x = 2n p , 2np + , n ŒZ p , n p ± tan -1 Ê 1 ˆ , n Œ I
3 6. q = n p , n p ± ÁË ˜
p 3 2¯
2. x = 2np , ( 4n + 1) , n Œ Z
np n Êpˆ
2
7. q = + ( -1) Á ˜ , n Œ I
p 3p 3 Ë 9¯
3. x = 2np ± ± , n ŒZ
4 4 p
8. q = 2np - , n ŒI
p 4
4. x = , p
2 9. q = np , n Œ I
Exercise 12 2np p Ê p ˆ
10. q = + , - Á + 2np ˜ n Œ I
1. No Solution 3 9 Ë 3 ¯
2. No Solution
11. x = p + np , y = p - np , n Œ Z
3. No Solution 2 6
p 12. x = j = y
4. x = 2np + , n Œ Z
2
p 5p
p 13. r = 6,q = or
5. x = 2np + , n Œ Z 6 6
2
n -1 Ê 1 ˆ
Exercise 13 14. x = n p + (-1) sin ÁË ˜¯ , n Œ I
4
p 2p
1. ± , ±
n Ê 3ˆ
3 3 y = np + (-1) sin -1 Á ˜ , n Œ I
Ë 4¯
p 53. (d) 54. (a) 55. (d) 56. (c)

15. 57. (c) 58. (a) 59. (c) 60. (b)
2
61. (b) 62. (b) 63. (b) 64. (d)
1 È p p˘ 65. (a) 66. (c) 67. (b) 68. (a)
16. A = ¥ Í(2m + n)p + ± ˙ ,
2 Î 4 6˚ 69. (c) 70. (b)
1 È p p˘
B = ¥ Í(2m - n)p - ± ˙ , m, n Œ Z Level III
2 Î 4 6˚ 2p
1. x = 4np ± , n ŒZ
17. A = np + B , n Œ I 3
p
18. q = np + a , where sin a =
2 2. x = (2n + 1)) , x = np , n Œ I
, n ŒZ 14
5
p
p 3. x = np ± , n Œ I
19. x = np , x = np + (-1) n 3
16
4. x = 2np + p = (2n + 1)p , n Œ I
3p
, x = np - (-1)n , n ŒZ Ê pˆ p
16 5. x = Á 2np + ˜ = (4n + 1) , n Œ I
np
Ë 2¯ 2
20. x = np + (-1) , n Œ Z p
6 6. x = np - , n Œ I
p p 2p 4p 4
21. x = 0, , . , p 5p 7p 13p 2p 4p
4 2 9 9 7. x = , , , , ,
p 5p 9p 13p 8 8 8 8 3 3
22. x= , ,p, , np a
7 7 7 7 8. x = + (-1)n
p 5p 2p 4p 9p 13p 2 2
23. x= , , , , , p
8 8 3 3 8 8 9. x = (2n + 1)
p 2np 2
24. x = (2n + 1) , , n ŒZ np p
2 3 10. x = + (-1) n , n Œ I
p 2p 2 12
25. x = np - , 2np ± , n ŒZ
np Ê 1ˆ
4 3
11. x = + cos -1 Á ˜ , n Œ Z
p p 3p 5p 2p 7p 2 Ë 3¯
26. x= , , , , ,
6 3 8 8 3 8 p
12. x = np , np - , n ŒZ
p 4
27. x = np ± , n Œ Z
3 13. - 3 £ a £ 3
np np 3p 14. 1
28. x= , + (-1)n , n ŒZ
2 8 16 15. 1
29. No solution 16. 1
Level II Ê pˆ Ê 3p ˆ
1. (b) 2. (a, b) 3. (a, d) 4. (c) 17. ÁË1, ˜¯ , ÁË -1, ˜¯
2 2
5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (d)
9. (a, b, c) 10. (b) 11. (a) 12. (a, b) 18. 5
13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (b) 19. 2
17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b) 20. 90∞
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (b) 21. -3 £ a £ -2
25. (c) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (b)
29. (a) 30. (c) 31. (a) 32. (c) 22. x = 13p
33. (b) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (a) 4
37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (b) 23. [–3, –2]
41. (a) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44. (a) 24. 3
45. (c) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (a) p
25. x = 2np ± , n ŒI
49. (a) 50. (b) 51. (c) 52. (a) 3
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS 3p

7. x = ±1 , y = 2np + .
1. 6 2
2. 7 p
3. 2 8. x = p ,.
2
4. 4
5. 6 p p
9. np - £ k £ np + , n Œ Z .
6. 6 4 4
7. 6
8. 6 HINTS AND SOLUTIONS
9. 3
EXERCISE 1
10. 2
27. Given equation is
COMPREHENSIVE LINK PASSAGE 3
cot 2 q + +3=0
Passage-I: 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (a) sin q
Passage-II: 1. (a, b) 2. (a, c ) 3. (c)
fi cot 2 q + 3 (1 + cosecq ) = 0
Passage-III: 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a, b, c, d) 4. (d)
Passage-IV: 1. (b)
Passage-V: 1. (a)
2. (c)
2. (c)
3. (b)
3. (a)
4. (b) 5. (b)
4. (b) 5. (a)
fi (cosec q - 1) + 3(1 + cosecq ) = 0
2
fi (cosec q - 1 + 3) (1 + cosecq ) = 0
(MATCH MATRIX) fi (cosec q + 2) (1 + cosecq ) = 0
1. (A) Æ (S), (B) Æ (S), (C) Æ (S), (D) Æ (S) fi cosecq = -1, - 2
2. (A) Æ (Q), (B) Æ (R), (C) Æ (S) .
3. (A) Æ (S), (B) Æ (P), (C) Æ (Q),(D) Æ (P, Q) fi sin q = -1,sin q = -
1
4. (A) Æ (S), (B) Æ (P), (C) Æ (Q, R),(D)Æ (T) 2
5. (A) Æ (R), (B) Æ (S), (C) Æ (P), (D) Æ (S) p nÊ pˆ
6. (A) Æ (S), (B) Æ (P), (C) Æ (Q), (D) Æ (R) fi q = ( 4n - 1) , q = np + (-1) Á - ˜ , n Œ I .
2 Ë 6¯
7. (A) Æ (R), (B) Æ (S), (C) Æ (P), (D) Æ (Q)
8. (A) Æ (Q), (B) Æ (R), (C) Æ (S), (D) Æ (P) 28. Given equation is
9. (A) Æ (S), (B) Æ (R), (C) Æ (Q), (D) Æ (P). 2 tan q - cot q = -1
fi 2 tan q = cot q - 1
ASSERTION AND REASON
1
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) fi 2 tan q = -1
5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) tan q
9. (d) 10. (a) fi 2 tan 2q + tan q - 1 = 0
SELF ASSESMENT I fi 2 tan 2q + 2 tan q - tan q - 1 = 0
p p fi 2 tan q ( tan q + 1) - ( tan q + 1) = 0
1. x = np + (-1) n - , n Œ Z
4 4 fi (2 tan q - 1) ( tan q + 1) = 0
p
2. x = 2mp , (2m + 1)p + , m Œ Z .
4
fi (2 tan q - 1) = 0 , ( tan q + 1) = 0
np (-1) n 1
3. x =
2
+
2
sin -1 {1 - }
2a + 3 , where fi tan q = -1,
2
È 3 1˘ Ê pˆ Ê 1ˆ
a Œ Í- , ˙ fi q = Á np - ˜ , q = n p + a , a = tan -1 Á ˜
Ë 4¯ Ë 2¯
Î 2 2˚
1 7p 29. Given equation is
4. x = +
2 4 tan 2 q + (1 - 3 ) tan q - 3 = 0
Ê 7p p ˆ Ê 7p 5p ˆ Ê 11p p ˆ Ê 11p 5p ˆ
5. ÁË , ˜,Á , ˜ , ÁË , ˜ ,Á , ˜ fi tan 2 q + tan q - 3 ( tan q + 1) = 0
6 3¯ Ë 6 3 ¯ 6 3¯ Ë 6 3 ¯
p fi tan q ( tan q + 1) - 3 ( tan q + 1) = 0
6. x = -1 , y = np ± + 1 , n ŒZ
4
fi (tan q - 3 ) (tan q + 1) = 0 fi tan q = 0 ,1 - tan 2 q = -2
fi tan q = 3 , tan q = -1 fi tan q = 0 , tan 2 q = 3

p p fi p
fi q = np + , q = np - , n Œ I q = np , q = np ± , n ŒI
3 4 3
32. Given equation is Ê 1 ˆ
when Á1 + ˜ =0
Ê pˆ Ê 2p ˆ Ë 1 - tan (2q ) tan (q ) ¯
tan q + tan Á q + ˜ + tan Á q + ˜ = 3
Ë 3¯ Ë 3¯ 1
fi = -1
Êp ˆ Ê Êp ˆˆ 1 - tan q tan 2q
fi tan q + tan Á + q ˜ + tan Á p - Á - q ˜ ˜ = 3
Ë3 ¯ Ë Ë3 ¯¯ fi 1 - tan q tan 2q = -1
Êp ˆ Êp ˆ fi tan q tan 2q = 2
fi tan q + tan Á + q ˜ - tan Á - q ˜ = 3
Ë3 ¯ Ë3 ¯
Ê 2 tan q ˆ
fi tan q Á =2
3 + tan q 3 - tan q Ë 1 - tan 2 q ˜¯
fi tan q + - =3
1 - 3 tan q 1 + 3 tan q fi tan 2 q = 1 - tan 2 q
8 tan q
fi tan q + =3 1 Ê 1 ˆ
1 - 3 tan 2 q fi tan 2 q = = tan 2 a , a = tan -1 Á
2 Ë 2 ˜¯
9 tan q - 3 tan 3 q fi q = np ±a , n ŒI
fi =3
1 - 3 tan 2 q
3 tan q - tan 3 q cot q - tan q = cos q - sin q
fi =1
1 - 3 tan 2 q Ê (cos q + sin q ) ˆ
tan (3q ) = 1
fi (cos q - sin q ) Á - 1˜ = 0
fi Ë sin q cos q ¯
fi p fi (cos q - sin q ) = 0 , (cos q + sin q ) = sin q cos q
3q = n p +
4
fi tan q = 1, (cos q + sin q ) = sin q cos q
fi np p
q= + , n ŒI when tanq = 1
3 12
34. Given equation is p
fi q = np + , n ŒI
tan q + tan 2q + tan 3q = 0 4
fi tan q + tan 2q + tan ( 2q + q ) = 0 when (cos q + sin q ) = sin q cos q
tan ( 2q ) + tan (q ) No real value of q
fi tan q + tan 2q + =0 37. Given equation is
1 - tan (2q ) tan (q )
(1 - tan q ) (1 + sin 2q ) = 1 + tan q
Ê 1 ˆ
fi ( tan q + tan 2q ) Á1 + =0 fi (cos q - sin q ) (cos q + sin q )2 = (cos q + sin q )
Ë 1 - tan (2q ) tan (q ) ˜¯
fi (cos q + sin q ) (cos 2q - 1) = 0
when ( tan q + tan 2q ) = 0
fi tan (q ) = -1,sin 2 q = 0
2 tan q
fi tan q + =0 fi tan (q ) = -1,sin (q ) = 0
1 - tan 2 q
fi p
Ê 2 ˆ q = np - ,q = n p , n Œ I
fi tan q Á1 + =0
Ë 1 - tan 2 q ˜¯
4
Ê 2 ˆ
fi tan q = 0 , Á1 + =0 2 sin 2 q + sin 2 2q = 2
Ë 1 - tan 2 q ˜¯
fi 2 sin 2 q + 4 sin 2 q cos 2 q = 2
2
fi tan q = 0 , = -1
1 - tan 2 q fi sin 2 q + 2 sin 2 q cos 2 q = 1
fi 2 sin 2 q cos 2 q = 1 - sin 2 q
fi 2 sin 2 q cos 2 q = cos 2 q Ê pˆ

fi ÁË q - ˜¯ = 2n p ± 2q
fi (2 sin 2
)
q - 1 cos 2 q = 0
3
Taking +ve one, we get,
fi (2 sin 2
q - 1) = 0 , cos q = 0
2
Ê pˆ
q = - Á 2n p + ˜
1 Ë 3¯
fi sin 2 q = , cos q = 0
2 Taking –ve one, we get,
p p 2n p p
fi q = ( 2n + 1) , q = np ± , n Œ I fi q= + , n ŒI
2 4 3 9
sin (3a ) = 4 sin q sin (q + a ) sin (q - a )
3 (cos q - 3 sin q ) = 4 sin 2q .cos 3q
fi (
sin (3a ) = 4 sin q sin 2 q - sin 2 a ) fi 3 cos q - 3 sin q = 2 (sin 5q - sin q )
fi 3
(
3 sin a - 4 sin a = 4 sin a sin q - sin a 2 2
) fi 3 cos q - sin q = 2 (sin 5q )
It is possible only when
3 1
3 fi cos q - sin q = (sin 5q )
sin 2 q = 2 2
4
Êp ˆ
2 fi sin Á - q ˜ = sin 5q
Ê 3ˆ Ë3 ¯
fi sin q = Á ˜
2
Ë 2 ¯ n Êp ˆ
fi 5q = n p + (-1) Á - q ˜
p Ë3 ¯
fi q = np ± , n ŒI
3 when n is even
Êp ˆ
4 sin q sin 2q sin 4q = sin 3q 5q = 2k p + Á - q ˜
Ë3 ¯
fi 4 sin q sin (3q - q ) sin (3q + q ) = sin 3q p
fi 6q = 2k p +
fi 4 sin q ÈÎsin (3q ) - sin (q )˘˚ = sin 3q
2 2 3
fi kp p
fi 4 sin q ÈÎsin 2 (3q ) - sin 2 (q )˘˚ = 3 sin q - 4 sin 3 q q= + , k ŒI
3 18
fi sin q ÈÎ4 sin 2 (3q ) - 4 sin 2 (q ) + 4 sin 2 q - 3˘˚ = 0 when n is odd
Êp ˆ
fi sin q ÈÎ4 sin 2 (3q ) - 3˘˚ = 0 5q = ( 2k + 1) p - Á - q ˜
Ë3 ¯
fi sin q = 0 , ÈÎ4 sin 2 (3q ) - 3˘˚ = 0 fi p
4q = ( 2k + 1) p -
3
3
fi sin q = 0 ,sin 2 (3q ) = p p
4 fi q = ( 2k + 1) - , k Œ I
p 4 12
fi q = n p ,q = n p ± , n ŒI
3 EXERCISE 4
EXERCISE 2 4. Given tan ( A - B ) = 1
9. Given equation is p 5p
fi ( A - B) = ,
4 4
cos q + 3 sin q = 2 cos 2q
2
1 3 Also, sec ( A + B ) =
fi cos q + sin q = cos 2q 3
2 2
3
Ê pˆ fi cos ( A + B ) =
fi cos Á q - ˜ = cos 2q 2
Ë 3¯ p 11p
fi ( A + B) = ,
6 6
Here, we observe that A – B is +ve 3

So, A>B Now cos x + cos y =
2
fi A+B>A–B Ê 2p ˆ 3
fi cos x + cos Á - x˜ =
Ï 11p Ï 11p Ë 3 ¯ 2
ÔÔ A + B = 6 ÔÔ A + B = 6
Ì or Ì 1 3 3
fi cos x - cos x + sin x =
Ô A- B = p Ô A - B = 5p 2 2 2
ÔÓ 4 ÔÓ 4 1 3 3
On solving, we get, fi cos x + sin x =
2 2 2
Ï 25 p Ï 19 p fi cos x + 3 sin x = 3
ÔÔ A = 24 ÔÔ A = 24
Ì or Ì It is not possible, since the maximum value of L.H.S
Ô B = 19p Ô B = 7p is 2.
ÔÓ 24 ÔÓ 24
So, the given system of equations has no solutions.
General values of tan ( A - B ) = 1
8. Given equations are
p
is ( A - B) = n p + , n Œ I ......(i) r sinq = 3 ...........(i)
4
and r = 4 (1 + sin q ) ..........(ii)
2
General values of sec ( A + B ) = Eliminating (i) and (ii), we get,
3
4 (1 + sin q ) sin q = 3
p
is ( A + B ) = 2n p + , n ŒI .....(ii)
fi 4 sin 2 q + 4 sin q - 3 = 0
6
On solving (i) and (ii), we get fi 4 sin 2 q + 6 sin q - 2 sin q - 3 = 0
Ï p p fi 2 sin q ( 2 sin q + 3) - 1( 2 sin q + 3) = 0
ÔÔ A = ( 2n + m ) 2 + 24
Ì . fi (2 sin q + 3) (2 sin q - 1) = 0
Ô B = ( 2n - m ) p - 5 p
ÔÓ 2 24 fi sin q = - ,
3 1
2 2
5. Given sin x = 2 sin y 1
fi sinq =
Ê 2p ˆ 2
fi sin x = 2 sin Á - x˜
Ë 3 ¯ p 5p
fi q= ,
Ê 3 ˆ 6 6
1
fi sin x = 2 Á cos x + sin x˜ p
Ë 2 2 ¯ 7. Given x + y = and tan x + tan y = 1
4
fi sin x = 3 cos x + sin x Êpˆ
fi tan ( x + y ) = tan Á ˜
fi 3 cos x = 0 Ë 4¯
fi cos x = 0 tan x + tan y
fi =1
p 1 - tan x.tan y
fi x = ( 2n + 1) fi 1 - tan x .tan y = 1
2
p p fi tan x .tan y = 0
when x = ( 2n + 1) , then y = n p -
2 6 fi tan x = 0 & tan y = 0
fi x = np = y .
Ï p
ÔÔ x = (2n + 1) 2 Thus, no values of x and y satisfying the given
Ì , n ŒI equations.
Ô y = np - p Therefore, the given equations have no solutions.
ÔÓ 6 10. Given equations are
2p 3
6. Given x + y = and cos x + cos y = sin x + sin y = 1 ....(i)
3 2 and cos 2 x - cos 2 y = 1
Now, cos 2 x - cos 2 y = 1 Ê x - yˆ

fi cos 2 Á =1
fi 1 - 2 sin x - 1 + 2 sin y = 1
2 2 Ë 2 ˜¯
fi -2 sin 2 x - 1 + 2 sin 2 y = 0 Ê x - yˆ
fi cos 2 Á ≥1
Ë 2 ˜¯
fi ( )
2 sin 2 x - sin 2 y = -1
Ê x - yˆ
fi ÁË ˜ =0
1 2 ¯
fi (sin x + sin y ) (sin x - sin y ) = -
2 fi x=y
1
fi (sin x - sin y ) = - ....(ii) The given equation
2
On solving, we get, Ê x + yˆ Ê x - yˆ Ê x + yˆ
4 cos 2 Á + 4 cos Á cos Á +1= 0
Ë 2 ˜¯ Ë 2 ˜¯ Ë 2 ˜¯
sin x = 0 ,sin y = 1
reduces to 4 cos 2 ( x ) + 4 cos ( x ) + 1 = 0
p
fi x = n p , y = ( 4n + 1) , n Œ I
2 fi (2 cos ( x) + 1)2 = 0
1
fi cos ( x ) = -
Ï x = np 2
Ô
Ì p , n ŒI fi 2p
ÔÓ y = (4n + 1) 2 x=
3
=y
11. Given curves are y = cos x & y = sin 2 x 13. Given equation is
8 cos q cos j cos(q + j ) + 1 = 0
Thus, sin 2x = cos x
1
fi 2sin x cos x = cos x fi 2 cos q cos j cos (q + j ) = -
4
fi (2 sin x - 1) cos x = 0 fi 4 ÈÎcos (q + j ) + cos (q - j )˘˚ cos (q + j ) + 1 = 0
fi (2 sin x - 1) = 0 , cos x = 0 fi 4 cos 2 (q + j ) + 4 cos (q - j ) cos (q + j ) + 1 = 0
1
fi sin x = , cos x = 0 For all real 0 < q , j < p ,
2
fi
p 5p p 3p
x= , , , 16 cos 2 (q - j ) - 16 ≥ 0
6 6 2 2
fi cos 2 (q - j ) ≥ 1
3 3
then y= ,- ,0 .
2 2 fi cos 2 (q - j ) = 1
Hence, the solutions are fi q -j = 0
Ê p 3 ˆ Ê 5p 3 ˆ Ê p ˆ Ê 3p ˆ fi q =j
Á 6 , 2 ˜ , Á 6 , - 2 ˜ , ÁË 2 , 0˜¯ , ÁË 2 , 0˜¯
Ë ¯ Ë ¯ when q = j , then the equation
12. Given equation is 4 cos 2 (q + j ) + 4 cos (q - j ) cos (q + j ) + 1 = 0
3 reduces to
fi cos x + cos y + cos ( x + y ) = -
2 fi 4 cos 2 ( 2q ) + 4 cos ( 2q ) + 1 = 0
fi 2 (cos x + cos y ) + 2 cos ( x + y ) + 2 = 1
fi (2 cos (2q ) + 1)2 = 0
Ê x + yˆ Ê x - yˆ Ê x + yˆ
fi 4 cos Á
Ë 2 ¯ ˜ cos Á
Ë 2 ¯ ˜ + 4 cos 2 Á
Ë 2 ˜¯
=1 fi (2 cos (2q ) + 1) = 0
Ê x + yˆ Ê x - yˆ Ê x + yˆ 1
fi 4 cos 2 Á + 4 cos Á cos Á +1= 0 fi cos (2q ) = -
Ë 2 ˜¯ Ë 2 ˜¯ Ë 2 ˜¯ 2
2p
For real x and y fi (2q ) =
3
Ê x - yˆ
16 cos 2 Á - 16 ≥ 0 p
Ë 2 ˜¯ fi q= =j
3
EXERCISE 5
13 - 1
1. Given equation is fi sin x = 0 ,sin x =
4
4 sin 4 x + cos 4 x = 1 n Ê 13 - 1ˆ
fi x = n p , x = n p + ( -1) a , a = sin -1 Á ˜.
fi 4 sin x = 1 - cos x
4 4
Ë 4 ¯
fi (
4 sin 4 x = 1 + cos 2 x sin 2 x ) 4. Given equation is
fi (
sin 2 x 4 sin 2 x - cos 2 x - 1 = 0 ) 2 cos 2 x + 2 sin x = 2
fi 2 sin x = 2 (1 - cos 2 x )
fi (
sin 2 x = 0 , 5 sin 2 x - 2 = 0 ) 2 sin x = 4 sin 2 x
fi
2
fi sin x = 0 ,sin 2 x = sin x = 2 2 sin 2 x
5 fi
fi
Ê 2ˆ
x = n p , x = np ± a , a = sin -1 Á ˜
fi (
sin x 1 - 2 2 sin 3/ 2 x = 0 )
Ë 5¯ 1
2. Given equation is fi sin x = 0 ,sin 3/ 2 x =
2 2
4 cos x sin x - 2 sin x = 2 sin x
2 2
sin x = 0 ,sin x =
1
fi
fi ( )
4 1 - sin 2 x sin x - 2 sin 2 x = 2 sin x 2
n Êpˆ
x = n p , n = np + (-1) Á ˜ , n Œ I
fi 2 (1 - sin x ) sin x - sin
2 2
x = sin x fi Ë 4¯
fi 2 sin x - 2 sin 3 x - sin 2 x - sin x = 0 5. Given equation is
3
fi sin x - 2 sin 3 x - sin 2 x = 0 1 + sin 3 x + cos3 x = sin 2 x
2
fi 2 sin 3 x + sin 2 x - sin x = 0
( )
fi 1 + sin 3 x + cos3 x = 3 sin x cos x
fi (
sin x 2 sin x + sin x - 1 = 0
2
)
fi 1 + (sin 3
x + cos3 x ) - 3 sin x cos x.1 = 0
fi (
sin x = 0 , 2 sin 2 x + sin x - 1 = 0 ) fi (sin x + cos x + 1) (2 - sin x cos x
-1 ± 3
fi sin x = 0 ,sin x = - sin x - cos x) = 0
2
fi sin x = 0 ,sin x = 1,sin x = -2 fi (sin x + cos x + 1) = 0
fi sin x = 0 ,sin x = 1 fi sin x + cos x = -1
p 1 1 1
fi x = n p , x = ( 4n + 1) , n Œ I fi sin x + cos x = -
2 2 2 2
3. Given equation is Ê pˆ 1
fi sin Á x + ˜ = -
sin 3x + cos 2 x = 1 Ë 4¯ 2
fi sin 3x = 1 - cos 2 x Ê p ˆ nÊ pˆ
fi Á x + ˜ = np + (-1) Á - ˜
Ë 4¯ Ë 4¯
fi ( )
sin x 3 - 4 sin 2 x = 2 sin 2 x
nÊ pˆ p
fi x = n p + (-1) Á - ˜ - , n Œ I
fi sin x (3 - 4 sin x - 2 sin x ) = 0
2
Ë 4¯ 4
fi sin x = 0 , ( 4 sin x + 2 sin x - 3) = 0
2
7
sin 6 x + cos6 x =
-2 ± 4 + 48 16
fi sin x = 0 ,sin x =
8 7
fi 1 - 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x =
-1 ± 13 16
fi sin x = 0 ,sin x = 7 9
4 fi 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x = 1 - =
16 16
3 fi sin x = -1
fi sin 2 x cos 2 x =
16 p
fi x = (4n - 1) , n Œ I
3 2
fi 4 sin x cos x =
2 2
4 9. Given equation is
3
fi sin ( 2 x ) =
2
cos 4 x = cos 2 3x
4
fi 2 cos 2 2 x - 1 = cos 2 3x
p
fi (2 x ) = n p ± fi 2 cos 2 2 x = 1 + cos 2 3x
3
np p It is possible only when
fi x= ± , n ŒI
3 6 2 cos 2 2 x = 1 + cos 2 3x
7. Given equation is It is true for x = 0.
17 Hence, the solution is x = n p , n Œ I
sin 8 x + cos8 x = cos 2 2 x
( ) 17
2
fi sin 4 x + cos 4 x - 2 sin 4 x cos 4 x = cos 2 2 x cos 2 x = 6 tan 2 x - 2 cos 2 x
16
Ê sin 2 x ˆ
fi
( ) 17 2 cos 2 x - 1 = 6 Á - 2 cos 2 x
2
fi 1 - 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x - 2 sin 4 x cos 4 x = cos 2 2 x 2 ˜
16 Ë cos x ¯
fi ( ) 17
1 - 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x + 2 sin 4 x cos 4 x = cos 2 2 x
16
fi 2 cos 4 x - cos 2 x = 6 - 6 cos 2 x - 2 cos 4 x
fi 4 cos 4 x + 5 cos 2 x - 6 = 0
(
fi 16 1 - 4 sin x cos x + 2 sin x cos x
2 2 4 4
) fi 4 cos 4 x + 8 cos 2 x - 3 cos 2 x - 6 = 0
(
= 17 cos 4 x + sin 4 x - 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x) fi ( ) (
4 cos 2 x cos 2 x + 2 - 3 cos 2 x + 2 = 0 )
= 17 (1 - 4 sin )
x cos 2 x
(4 cos x - 3) (cos x + 2) = 0
2
fi 2 2
fi 32 sin 4 x cos 4 x + 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x - 1 = 0 fi (4 cos 2

x - 3) = 0
fi 2 sin ( 2 x ) + sin 2 x - 1 = 0
4 2
3
fi cos 2 x =
-1 ± 5 4
fi sin 2 ( 2 x ) = p
4 fi x = np ± , n ŒI
6
5 -1
fi sin 2 ( 2 x ) =
4 EXERCISE 6
Ê 5 - 1ˆ 1. Given equation is
fi 2 x = n p ± a , a = sin -1 Á ˜
ÁË 4 ˜¯ 2 sin 2 x + sin x - 1 = 0,
Ê -1 ± 3 1
np a 5 - 1ˆ fi sin x = = ,-1
fi x= ± , a = sin -1 Á ˜ 4 2
2 2 ÁË 4 ˜¯
1
fi sin x = ,sin x = -1
8. Given equation is 2
2 sin 3 x + 2 = cos 2 3x p 5p 3p
fi x= , ,
6 6 2
fi 2 sin 3 x + 2 = 1 - sin 2 3x 2. Given equation is
fi 2 sin 3 x + sin 2 3x + 1 = 0 5 sin 2 x + 7 sin x - 6 = 0
( )
2
fi 2 sin 3 x + 3 sin x - 4 sin 3 x +1 = 0 fi 5 sin 2 x + 10 sin x - 3 sin x - 6 = 0
fi 5 sin x (sin x + 2) - 3 (sin x + 2) = 0
fi 2 sin 3 x + 9 sin 2 x - 24 sin 4 x + 16 sin 6 x + 1 = 0
fi 16 sin 6 x - 24 sin 4 x + 2 sin 3 x + 9 sin 2 x + 1 = 0
fi (5 sin x - 3) (sin x + 2) = 0
fi (5 sin x - 3) = 0 , (sin x + 2) = 0 3
fi sin x =
fi (5 sin x - 3) = 0 2
n Êpˆ
fi sin x =
3
fi x = n p + (-1) Á ˜ , n Œ I
5 Ë 3¯
n Ê 3ˆ
fi x = np + ( -1) a , a = sin -1 Á ˜ EXERCISE 7
Ë 5¯
Hence, the solution is
cos x – cos 2 x = sin 3 x
Ê 3ˆ Ê 3ˆ
x = sin -1 Á ˜ , p - sin -1 Á ˜ Ê 3x ˆ Ê xˆ Ê 3x ˆ Ê 3x ˆ
Ë 5¯ Ë 5¯ fi 2 sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜ = 2 sin Á ˜ cos Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ê 3x ˆ Ê Ê x ˆ Ê 3x ˆ ˆ
1 fi 2 sin Á ˜ Á sin Á ˜ - cos Á ˜ ˜ = 0
sin x - cos x =
2 Ë 2 ¯ Ë Ë 2¯ Ë 2 ¯¯
4
Ê 3x ˆ Ê Ê xˆ Ê 3x ˆ ˆ
fi 4 sin x - 4 cos x - 1 = 0
2 fi sin Á ˜ = 0 , Á sin Á ˜ - cos Á ˜ ˜ = 0
Ë 2¯ Ë Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯¯
fi 4 - 4 cos 2 x - 4 cos x - 1 = 0 Ê 3x ˆ
when sin Á ˜ = 0
fi 3 - 4 cos x - 4 cos x = 0
2 Ë 2¯
fi 4 cos 2 x + 4 cos x - 3 = 0 3x
Then = np
2
-4 ± 8 1 3
fi cos x = = ,- 2n p
8 2 2 fi x=
1 3
fi cos x =
2 Ê Ê xˆ Ê 3x ˆ ˆ
when Á sin Á ˜ - cos Á ˜ ˜ = 0
p 5p Ë Ë 2¯ Ë 2 ¯¯
fi x= ,
3 3 Ê Ê xˆ Ê 3x ˆ ˆ
4. Given equation is fi ÁË sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ = cos ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜¯
tan 2 x - 2 tan x - 3 = 0 Ê xˆ Ê 3x ˆ
fi sin Á ˜ = cos Á ˜
fi ( tan x - 3) ( tan x + 1) = 0 Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
fi ( tan x - 3) = 0 , ( tan x + 1) = 0 fi
Ê 3x ˆ Ê p xˆ
cos Á ˜ = cos Á - ˜
fi ( tan x - 3) = 0 , ( tan x + 1) = 0 Ë 2¯ Ë 2 2¯
fi tan x = -1, tan x = 3 Ê 3x ˆ Ê p xˆ

fi ÁË ˜¯ = 2n p ± ÁË - ˜¯
p 2 2 2
fi x = np - , x = n p + a , a = tan -1 (3) . Taking +ve sign, we get,
4
5. Given equation is p
2 x = 2n p +
2 cos 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 = 0 2
p
fi 2 - 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 = 0 fi x = np +
4
fi 3 - 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x = 0 Taking –ve sign, we get,
fi 2 sin 2 x + 3 sin x - 3 = 0 p
x = 2n p - , n ŒI
- 3 ± 27 - 3 ± 3 3 2
fi sin x = = 2. Given equation is
4 4
-4 3 2 3 sin7x + sin 4 x + sin x = 0
fi sin x = ,
4 4 fi (sin 7 x + sin x ) + sin 4 x = 0
3 fi 2 sin 4 x cos 3x + sin 4 x = 0
fi sin x = - 3,
2
fi sin 4 x ( 2 cos 3x + 1) = 0 6. Given equation is
fi sin 4 x = 0 , (2 cos 3x + 1) = 0 sin 2 x + cos 2 x + sin x + cos x + 1 = 0

1 fi (1 + sin 2 x ) + (sin x + cos x ) + cos 2 x = 0
fi sin 4 x = 0 , cos 3x = -
2 fi (sin x + cos x )2 + (sin x + cos x )
fi 4 x = n p , 3x = 2np ±
2p
3
( )
+ cos 2 x - sin 2 x = 0
np 2np 2p fi (sin x + cos x ) (2 cos x + 1) = 0

fi x= , x= ± , n ŒI
4 3 9 fi (sin x + cos x ) = 0 , (2 cos x + 1) = 0
Hence, the solutions are 1
fi tan x = -1, cos x = -
2p p p 2
x = 0, , ,
9 4 2 p 2p
fi x = np - , x = 2n p ± , n ŒI
3. Given equation is 4 3
Ê 3x ˆ Ê xˆ 7. Do yourself.
cos 3x + cos 2 x = sin Á ˜ + sin Á ˜ 8. Given equation is
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ê 5x ˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ tan 3x + tan x = 2 tan 2 x
fi 2 cos Á ˜ cos Á ˜ = 2 sin x cos Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ sin 4 x 2 sin 2 x
fi =
cos 3x cos x cos 2 x
Ê Ê 5x ˆ ˆ Ê xˆ
fi 2 Á cos Á ˜ - sin x˜ cos Á ˜ = 0 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x 2 sin 2 x
Ë Ë 2¯ ¯ Ë 2¯ fi =
cos 3x cos x cos 2 x
Ê Ê 5x ˆ ˆ Ê xˆ Ê cos 2 x 1 ˆ
fi 2 Á cos Á ˜ - sin x˜ = 0 , cos Á ˜ = 0 2 sin 2 x Á - =0
Ë Ë 2¯ ¯ Ë 2¯ fi Ë cos 3x cos x cos 2 x ˜¯
Ê 5x ˆ Ê xˆ Ê cos 2 x 1 ˆ
fi cos Á ˜ = sin x , cos Á ˜ = 0 fi 2 sin 2 x = 0 , Á =
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë cos 3x cos x cos 2 x ˜¯
Ê 5x ˆ Êp ˆ Ê xˆ fi sin 2 x = 0 , 2 cos 2 2 x = cos 4 x + cos 2 x
fi cos Á ˜ = cos Á - x˜ , cos Á ˜ = 0
Ë 2¯ Ë2 ¯ Ë 2¯
fi sin 2 x = 0 , 2 cos 2 2 x = 2 cos 2 2 x - 1 + cos 2 x
Ê 5x ˆ Êp ˆ Ê xˆ p
fi ÁË ˜¯ = 2np ± ÁË - x˜¯ , ÁË ˜¯ = ( 2n + 1) fi sin 2 x = 0 , cos 2 x = 1
2 2 2 2
fi 2 x = n p , 2 x = 2np
4n p
fi x= ± (p - 2 x ) , x = ( 2n + 1) p np
5 fi x= , x = np , n Œ I
2
4n p
fi x= ± (p - 2 x ) , x = ( 2n + 1) p 9. Given equation is
5
p p 3p 13 p 17p 7p 5p 29p (1 - tan x ) (1 + sin 2 x ) = (1 + tan x )
fi x= , , , , , , ,
2 tan x ˆ
(1 - tan x ) ÊÁË1 +
3 5 5 15 15 5 3 15
fi ˜ = (1 + tan x )
4. Do yourself. 1 + tan 2 x ¯
fi (1 - tan x ) (1 + tan x )2 = (1 + tan x ) (1 + tan 2 x )
cos 2 x + cos 4 x = 2 cos x
fi 2 cos 3x cos x = 2 cos x fi (1 - tan x) (1 + tan x) = (1 + tan x) (1 + tan x)
2 2
fi (2 cos 3x - 1) cos x = 0 fi ((1 - tan x) - (1 + tan x)) (1 + tan x) = 0

2 2
fi (2 cos 3x - 1) = 0 , cos x = 0
fi tan 2 x (1 + tan x ) = 0
1
fi cos 3x = , cos x = 0 tan 2 x = 0 , (1 + tan x ) = 0
2 fi
2np 2p p fi tan 2 x = 0 , tan x = -1
fi x= ± , x = ( 2n + 1)
3 9 2
p 5. Given equation is
fi x = np , x = np - , n ŒI
4 cos (6 x ) cos x = -1
10. Given equation is 2 cos (6 x ) cos x = -2
fi
sin x - 3 sin 2 x + sin 3x = cos x - 3 cos 2 x + cos 3x
fi cos 7 x + cos 5 x = -2
fi (sin 3x + sin x ) - 3 sin 2 x It is possible only when
= (cos 3x + cos x ) - 3 cos 2 x
cos (7 x ) = -1, cos (5 x ) = -1
fi 2 sin 2 x cos x - 3 sin 2 x = 2 cos 2 x cos x - 3 cos 2 x
p p
sin 2 x ( 2 cos x - 3) = ( 2 cos x - 3) cos 2 x fi x = (2n + 1) , x = ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I
fi 7 5
sin 2 x
fi (2 cos x - 3) = (2 cos x - 3) EXERCISE 9
cos 2 x
sin 2 x
fi =1 5 sin 2 x - 7 sin x cos x + 10 cos 2 x = 4
cos 2 x
fi tan 2 x = 1 fi 5 tan 2 x - 7 tan x + 10 = 4 sec 2 x
p fi 5 tan 2 x - 7 tan x + 10 = 4 + 4 tan 2 x
fi 2x = n p +
4
fi tan 2 x - 7 tan x + 6 = 0
np p
fi x=
2
+ , n ŒI
8 fi ( tan x - 1) ( tan x - 6) = 0
fi tan x = 1, 6
EXERCISE 8
p
1. Do yourself. fi x = np + , x = n p + a , a = tan -1 (5)
4
2. Do yourself.
3. Given equation is 2. Given equation is
sin 4 x sin 2 x = cos 6 x - cos 2 x 2 sin 2 x - 5 sin x cos x - 8 cos 2 x = -3
fi sin 4 x sin 2 x = -2 sin 4 x sin 2 x fi 2 tan 2 x - 5 tan x - 8 = -3 sec2 x
fi 3 sin 4 x sin 2 x = 0 fi 2 tan 2 x - 5 tan x - 8 = -3 - 3 tan 2 x
fi sin 4 x = 0 ,sin 2 x = 0
fi 5 tan 2 x - 5 tan x - 5 = 0
fi 4x = n p , 2x = n p , n Œ I
fi tan 2 x - tan x - 1 = 0
np np
fi x= ,x = , n ŒI 1± 5
4 2 fi tan x =
sec x cos 5 x + 1 = 0 Ê1± 5ˆ
fi x = n p + a , a = tan -1 Á ˜
fi cos 5 x + cos x = 0 Ë 2 ¯
fi 2 cos (3x ) cos ( 2 x ) = 0 3. Given equation is
fi 2 cos (3x ) = 0 , cos (2 x ) = 0 sin 3 x cos x + sin 2 x cos 2 x + sin x cos3 x = 1
fi cos (3x ) = 0 , cos ( 2 x ) = 0 fi sin x cos x ÈÎsin 2 x + sin x cos x + cos 2 x ˘˚ = 1
fi
p p
3x = (2n + 1) , 2 x = (2n + 1) , n Œ I fi sin x cos x [1 + sin x cos x ] = 1
2 2
fi 2 sin x cos x [ 2 + 2 sin x cos x ] = 4
p p
fi x = (2n + 1) , x = (2n + 1) , n Œ I
6 4 fi sin ( 2 x ) ( 2 + sin ( 2 x )) = 4
fi sin 2 ( 2 x ) + 2 sin ( 2 x ) - 4 = 0
p p p 3p 5p
x= , , , , -2 ± 20
6 4 2 4 6 fi sin ( 2 x ) =
2
-2 ± 2 5 Ê xˆ
fi sin ( 2 x ) = = -1 ± 5 when sin Á ˜ = 0
Ë 2¯
2
It is not possible . fi x = 2n p , n Œ I
So, it has no solution.
Ê Ê xˆ ˆ
when Á 2 sin Á ˜ + cot x˜ = 0
EXERCISE 10 Ë Ë 2¯ ¯
1. Given equation is Ê xˆ cos x
fi 2 sin Á ˜ = -
(cos x - sin x ) (2 tan x + sec x ) + 2 = 0 Ë 2¯ sin x
fi (cos x - sin x ) (2 sin x + 1) + 2 cos x = 0 Ê 2 Ê xˆ 2 Ê xˆˆ

ÁË cos ÁË 2 ˜¯ - sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜¯
Ê xˆ
Ê 1 - tan 2 ( x / 2) 2 tan ( x / 2) ˆ fi 2 sin Á ˜ = -
fi - Ë 2¯ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
Á ˜
Ë 1 + tan ( x / 2) 1 + tan ( x / 2) ¯
2 2 2 sin Á ˜ cos Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ê 4 tan ( x / 2) ˆ Ê 1 - tan 2 ( x / 2) ˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
Á + 1˜ + 2 Á ˜ =0 fi 4 sin 2 Á ˜ cos Á ˜ + cos 2 Á ˜ - sin 2 Á ˜ = 0
Ë 1 + tan ( x / 2) ¯
2
Ë 1 + tan ( x / 2) ¯
2 Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
Put tan Á ˜ = t and then solve it. fi cos 2 Á ˜ + 4 sin 2 Á ˜ cos Á ˜ - sin 2 Á ˜ = 0
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
2. Given equation is For all real x,
x x Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
sin 3 - cos3 16 sin 4 Á ˜ + 4 sin 2 Á ˜ ≥ 0
2 2 = cos x Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
2 + sin x 3 Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
fi 4 sin 4 Á ˜ + sin 2 Á ˜ = 0
Ê Ê xˆ Ê x ˆ ˆ Ê sin x ˆ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
ÁË sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ - cos ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜¯ ÁË1 + 2 ˜¯
fi Ê xˆ Ê Ê xˆ ˆ
2 + sin x fi sin 2 Á ˜ Á 4 sin 2 Á ˜ + 1˜ = 0
Ë 2¯ Ë Ë 2¯ ¯
Ê 2 Ê xˆ 2 Ê xˆˆ Ê xˆ Ê Ê xˆ ˆ
ÁË cos ÁË 2 ˜¯ - sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜¯ fi sin 2 Á ˜ = 0 , Á 4 sin 2 Á ˜ + 1˜ = 0
= Ë 2¯ Ë Ë 2¯ ¯
3
Ê xˆ
fi sin 2 Á ˜ = 0
3 Ê Ê xˆ xˆ Ë 2¯
fi - = Á cos Á ˜ + sin ˜
2 Ë Ë 2 ¯ 2¯ Ê xˆ
It is not possible. fi sin Á ˜ = 0
Ë 2¯
So, it has no solution.
3. Given equation is fi x = 2n p , n Œ I
Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
cot Á ˜ - cosec Á ˜ = cot x sin (q + a ) = k sin ( 2q )
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ê xˆ sin q cos a + cos q sin a = k sin ( 2q )
cos Á ˜ - 1 fi
Ë 2¯
fi = cot x Ê Êqˆ ˆ Ê
Ê xˆ 2 Êqˆ ˆ
sin Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Á 2 tan ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜ Á 1 - tan ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜
fi Á ˜ cos a + Á ˜ sin a
Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Á 1 + tan 2 Ê q ˆ ˜ Á 1 + tan 2 Ê q ˆ ˜
fi 2 sin 2 Á ˜ = - sin Á ˜ cot x ÁË ÁË ˜¯ ˜¯ ÁË ÁË ˜¯ ˜¯
2 2
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Ê Êqˆ ˆ Ê 2 Êqˆ ˆ
Ê Ê xˆ ˆ Ê xˆ Á 2 tan ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜ Á 1 - tan ÁË 2 ˜¯ ˜
fi ÁË 2 sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ + cot x˜¯ sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ = 0 = 2k Á ˜Á ˜
Á 1 + tan 2 Ê q ˆ ˜ Á 1 + tan 2 Ê q ˆ ˜
Ê Ê xˆ ˆ Ê xˆ ÁË ÁË ˜¯ ˜¯ ÁË ÁË ˜¯ ˜¯
2 2
fi ÁË 2 sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ + cot x˜¯ = 0 ,sin ÁË 2 ˜¯ = 0
Ê1- t2 ˆ fi sin x + cos x = 1

Ê 2t ˆ
fi ÁË ˜ cos a + Á ˜ sin a
1+ t2 ¯ Ë1+ t2 ¯ fi
1
sin x +
1
cos x =
1
2 2 2
Ê 2t ˆ Ê 1 - t ˆ
2
= 2k . Á Ê pˆ 1
Ë 1 + t 2 ˜¯ ÁË 1 + t 2 ˜¯ fi sin Á x + ˜ =
Ë 4¯ 2
fi ( ) ( ) (
2t 1 + t 2 cos a + 1 - t 4 sin a = 4k t 1 - t 2 ) fi
n Êpˆ p
x = n p + (-1) Á ˜ - , n Œ I
Ë 4¯ 4
fi (sin a ) t 4 - (4k + 2 cos a ) t 3
+ ( 4k - 2 cos a ) t - sin a = 0 .
3 ....(i)
1 + sin 3 x + cos3 x = sin 2 x
Let t1, t2, t3 and t4 are its four roots 2
4k + 2 cos a fi 1 + (sin x + cos x ) (1 - sin x cos x ) = 3 sin x cos x
Â t1 = = s1
sin a Put sin x + cos x = t
Â t1t2 = 0 = s2 t2 -1
fi sin x .cos x =
2 cos a - 4k 2
Â t1t2t3 = = s3
Now, equation (i) becomes
sin a
sin a Ê t 2 - 1ˆ 3 2
Â t1t2t3t4 = -
sin a
= -1 = s4 1 + t Á1 -
Ë
= t -1
2 ˜¯ 2
( )
Ê q + q 2 + q3 + q 4 ˆ s1 - s3
Now, tan Á 1
Ë 2 ˜¯ = 1 - s + s
2 4
fi ( ) (
2 + t 3 - t2 = 3 t2 -1 )
Ê q1 + q 2 + q 3 + q 4 ˆ fi 2 + 3t - t 3 - 3t 2 + 3 = 0
fi tan Á ˜¯ = •
Ë 2 fi 3t - t 3 - 3t 2 + 5 = 0
Ê q + q 2 + q3 + q 4 ˆ Êpˆ fi
fi tan Á 1 ˜¯ = tan ÁË 2 ˜¯ t 3 + 3t 2 - 3t - 5 = 0
Ë 2
fi t 3 + t 2 + 2t 2 + 2t - 5t - 5 = 0
Ê q1 + q 2 + q 3 + q 4 ˆ Êpˆ
fi ÁË ˜ = np + Á ˜ fi t 2 (t + 1) + 2t (t + 1) - 5 (t + 1) = 0
2 ¯ Ë 2¯
fi (q1 + q 2 + q3 + q 4 ) = (2n + 1) p , n Œ I . fi (t 2
)
+ 2t - 5 (t + 1) = 0
fi -2 ± 24
EXERCISE 11 t = -1, t =
2
fi -2 ± 24
sin x + cos x = 1 - sin x cos x .....(i) sin x + cos x = -1,
2
Put sin x + cos x = t fi sin x + cos x = -1
1 1 1
fi sin x + cos x = -
fi sin x .cos x = t - 1
2
2 2 2
2
Ê p ˆ 1
Now, equation (i) becomes fi sin Á x + ˜ = -
Ë 4¯ 2
t2 -1
t =1- nÊ pˆ p
2 fi x = n p + (-1) Á - ˜ - , n Œ I
Ë 4¯ 4
fi 2t = 2 - t 2 + 1
fi t 2 + 2t - 3 = 0
sin 2 x - 12 (sin x - cos x ) + 12 = 0
fi (t + 3) (t - 1) = 0
2 sin x cos x - 12 (sin x - cos x ) + 12 = 0
fi (t + 3) = 0 , (t - 1) = 0
sin x cos x - 6 (sin x - cos x ) + 6 = 0 ...(i)
sin x + cos x = 1,sin x + cos x = -3
Put sin x + cos x = t

t2 -1
fi sin x .cos x =
2 sin 4 x = 1, tan 8 x = 0
Now, equation (i) becomes fi sin 2 x = 1, tan x = 0
fi t2 -1 p
- 6t + 6 = 0 fi x = np ± , x = np , n Œ I
2 2
fi t 2 - 1 - 12t + 12 = 0
fi above equations
t 2 - 12t + 11 = 0
Hence, the equation has no solution.
fi (t - 1) (t - 11) = 0
3. Given sin 2 x + cos 2 y = 2 sec2 z
fi sin x + cos x = 1
Here, L.H.S £ 2 and R.H.S ≥ 2
Ê pˆ 1
fi sin Á x + ˜ = It is possible only when
Ë 4 ¯ 2
n Êpˆ p sin 2 x = 1, cos 2 y = 1,sec 2 z = 1
fi x = n p + (-1) Á ˜ - , n Œ I
Ë 4¯ 4 fi cos 2 x = 0 ,sin 2 y = 0 , cos 2 z = 1
fi p fi cos 2 x = 0 ,sin 2 y = 0 ,sin 2 z = 1
x = 0 , , 2p
2
fi cos x = 0 ,sin y = 0 ,sin z = 0
p
3p . fi x = ( 2n + 1) , y = m p , z = kp
sin 6 x = sin 2
2
where, n , m , k Œ I
4. The given equation can be written as
sin 6 x + cos 4 x = – 2
sin 3x + cos 2x + 2 = 0
fi sin 6x = –1 and cos 4x = –1
fi 3p ,
sin 6 x = sin cos 4x = cos p sin 3x = -1, cos 2 x = -1
2
3p 3p
fi 6 x = 2np + , 4 x = 2np + p , n Œ Z fi 3x = , 2x = p
2 2
np p np p p p
fi x= + ,x = + , n ŒZ fi x= , x =
3 4 2 4 2 2
p 5p 7p 11p Hence, the general solution is
fi x= , , , ,...
4 4 12 12 p
x = 2n p + , n ŒI
p 3p 5p 7p 2
...x = , , , ,.....
4 4 4 4 5. Given equation is
p 5p cos 4x + sin 5x = 2
fi x= ,
4 4 It is possible only when
Hence, the general solution will be, cos 4 x = 1,sin 5 x = 1
p 5p p
fi x = 2np + , 2np + , n ŒZ fi 4 x = 2n p , 5 x = ( 4n + 1)
4 4 2
p p 2n p p
fi x = 2np + , ( 2n + 1) p + , n Œ Z fi x= , x = (4n + 1)
4 4 4 10
p p
fi x = mp + , m Œ Z Thus, x =
4 2
EXERCISE 12 Hence, the solution is
2. Given equation is p p
x = 2n p + = ( 4n + 1) , n Œ I
2 2
sin 4 x = 1 + tan 8 x
EXERCISE 13 n Êpˆ
1. Given equation is fi x = np + (-1) Á ˜ , x = 2np , x = (2n + 1) p
Ë 6¯
3 5
21+ cos x + cos x + cos x + cos 4 x + cos x +........to • 4. Given equation is
2
=4
1 esin x - e- sin x - 4 = 0
1- cos x
fi 2 = 4 = 22 1
fi t - - 4 = 0, t = esin x
1
=2 t
fi
1 - cos x fi t - 4t - 1 = 0
2
fi 1 - cos x =
1 fi ( t - 2 )2 = 5
2
fi t = 2± 5
fi 1 1
cos x = 1 - = fi esin x = 2 ± 5
2 2
fi cos x = ±
1 fi sin x = log e 2 ± 5 ( )
(2 + 5 )
2
fi sin x = log e
p 2p
Hence, the values of x are ± , ±
3 3 fi sin x = log e (2 + 5 ) > 1
2. Given equation is It is not possible.
1 + sin q + sin q + ... = 4 + 2 3
2 So, it has no solution.
fi 1 5. We have
= 4+2 3
1 - sinq 2
x + sin 4 x +sin 6 x +................to• ]log e 2
e[sin
1
fi 1 - sinq = Ê sin 2 x ˆ
4+2 3 Á ˜ log e 2
Ë 1- cos 2 x ¯ 2
x log e 2 2
x
1 = e = e tan = 2 tan
fi sinq = 1 - 2
x
4+2 3 Let a = 2tan
1 2- 3 3 Thus, a 2 - 9a + 8 = 0
fi sinq = 1 - =1- =
4+2 3 2 2 fi (a - 1) (a - 8) = 0
n Êpˆ
fi q = n p + (-1) Á ˜ , n Œ I fi a = 1, 8
Ë 3¯ 2
x
when a = 1, then 2tan = 1 = 20
x
3 1
fi 2tan = 1 = 20
sin x - sin x +
2
cos x 2 2 =1 fi tan 2 x = 0
Ê 2 3 1ˆ fi x = np , n ŒI
fi ÁË sin x - sin x + ˜¯ log cos x = 0
2 2 2
x
when a = 8, then 2tan = 8 = 23
fi (2 sin 2
)
x - 3 sin x + 1 log cos x = 0
fi tan 2 x = 3
fi (sin x - 1) (2 sin x - 1) log cos x = 0 fi tan x = 3
fi (sin x - 1) = 0 , (2 sin x - 1) = 0 , log cos x =0
cos x
1 Now,
fi sin x = 1, sin x = , log cos x = 0 cos x + sin x
2 1 1
1 = =
fi sin x = , cos x = 1 1 + tan x 3 +1
( )
2
1 3 -1
fi sin x = , cos = 1, cos x = -1 =
2 2
6. Given equation is EXERCISE 14

log cos x tan x + logsin x cot x = 0 1. Given equation is
Ê sin x ˆ Ê cos x ˆ Ê xˆ 1
fi log cos x Á + logsin x Á =0 2 cos 2 Á ˜ sin 2 x = x 2 + 2
˜
Ë cos x ¯ Ë sin x ˜¯ Ë 2¯ x
fi log cos x (sin x ) + logsin x (cos x ) = 2 p
Here, L.H.S. < 2 for 0 < x <
2
It is possible only when and R.H.S. ≥ 2
sin x = cos x So, it has no solutions
fi tan x = 1
Ê x2 + x ˆ
p x -x
fi x= 2 cos 2 Á ˜ =2 +2
4 Ë 6 ¯
It is possible only when x = 0.
7. Given equation is Hence, the solution is x = 0.
3sin 2 x + 2 cos x
+ 31-sin 2 x + 2 sin x
2 2
= 28
LEVEL III
3sin 2 x + 2 cos x
+ 31-sin 2 x + 2- 2 cos x
2 2
fi = 28
sin 2 x + 2 cos 2 x 33
fi 3 + = 28 Ê xˆ Ê xˆ
3sin 2 x + 2 cos
2
x cot Á ˜ - cosec Á ˜ = cot x
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
27
= 28 , a = 3sin 2 x + 2 cos x
2
fi a+ cos ( x / 2) - 1
a fi = cot x
sin ( x / 2)
fi a 2 - 28 a + 27 = 0
2 sin 2 ( x / 4)
fi (a - 27) (a - 1) = 0 fi - = cot x
sin ( x / 2)
fi a = 27, 1
2 sin 2 ( x / 4)
when a = 27, then 3sin 2 x + 2 cos x fi - = cot x
2
= 33
2 sin( x / 4) cos( x / 4)
fi sin 2 x + 2 cos 2 x = 3 fi tan( x /4) + cot x = 0
fi sin 2 x + 1 + cos 2 x = 3 sin( x / 4) cos x
fi + =0
fi sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 2 cos( x / 4) sin x
It is not possible. Ê xˆ
fi cos Á x - ˜ = 0
when a = 1, then 3 sin 2 x + 2 cos 2 x
=3 0 Ë 4¯
fi sin 2 x + 2 cos 2 x = 0 Ê 3x ˆ
fi cos Á ˜ = 0
Ë 4¯
fi sin 2 x + 1 + cos 2 x = 0
3x p
fi sin 2 x + cos 2 x = -1 fi = ( 2n + 1)
4 2
1 1 1
fi sin 2 x + cos 2 x = - p
2 2 2 fi x = ( 4n + 2 ) , n Œ I
3
Ê pˆ 1
fi sin Á 2 x + ˜ = - 2. Given equation is
Ë 4 ¯ 2
sin 6 x
Ê pˆ nÊ pˆ 8 cos x.cos 2 x.cos 4 x =
fi ÁË 2 x + ˜¯ = n p + (-1) ÁË - ˜¯ sin x
4 4 fi 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x cos 4 x = sin 6 x
np nÊ pˆ p fi 2 sin 4 x cos 4 x = sin 6 x
fi x= + ( -1) Á - ˜ - , n Œ I
2 Ë 8¯ 8
fi sin 8 x - sin 6 x = 0
8. Do yourself. fi 2 cos (7 x ) sin x = 0
fi cos (7 x ) = 0 ,sin x = 0 Ê pˆ p
x = Á 2np + ˜ = (4n + 1) , n Œ I
p Ë 2¯ 2
fi (7 x ) = (2n + 1) , x = np
p
fi x = ( 2n + 1) , x = n p , n Œ I (1 + sin 2 x ) + 5 (sin x + cos x ) = 0
14
2. Given equation is fi (sin x + cos x )2 + 5 (sin x + cos x ) = 0
fi
tan x tan 2 x
+ +2=0 fi ((sin x + cos x) + 5) (sin x + cos x) = 0
tan 2 x tan x
fi ((sin x + cos x) + 5) = 0 , (sin x + cos x) = 0
fi ( tan x + tan 2 x )2 = 0 fi (sin x + cos x ) = 0
fi ( tan x + tan 2 x ) = 0 fi tan x = -1
fi sin ( 2 x + x ) = 0 p
x = np - , n ŒI
fi sin (3x ) = 0 4
fi 3x = n p 7. Given equation is
sinx + sin 2x +sin 3x = cos x +cos 2x +cos 3x
np
fi x=
3
, n ŒI fi (sin 3x + sin x ) + sin 2 x = (cos 3x + cos x ) + cos 2 x
4. Given equation is fi 2 sin 2 x cos x + sin 2 x = 2 cos 2 x cos x + cos 2 x
cos x cos (6 x ) = -1 fi sin 2 x ( 2 cos x + 1) = cos 2 x ( 2 cos x + 1)
fi 2 cos (6 x ) cos x = -2 fi (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) (2 cos x + 1) = 0

fi cos (7 x ) + cos (5 x ) = -2 fi (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) = 0 , (2 cos x + 1) = 0
It is possible only when when (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) = 0
cos (7 x ) = -1 , cos (5 x ) = -1 fi tan 2 x = 1
fi 7 x = ( 2k + 1) p , 5 x = ( 2m + 1) p p
fi 2 x = np +
4
p p
fi x = ( 2k + 1)
, x = ( 2m + 1) np p
7 5 fi x= +
when k = 3 and m = 2, then common 2 8
value of x is p. when 2 cos x + 1 = 0
Hence, the general solution is 1
fi cos x = -
x = 2n p + p = (2n + 1) p , n Œ I 2
5. Given equation is 2p
fi x = 2n p ±
3
cos ( 4 x ) + sin (5 x ) = 2
p 5p 9p 13p 2p 4p
cos (4 x ) = 1,sin (5 x ) = 1 x= , , , , ,
8 8 8 8 3 3
p 8. Given equation is
fi 4 x = 2k p , 5 x = (4 m + 1)
2
sin 3 x cos3 x
kp p + - 2 sin x cos x = 2
fi x= , x = (4m + 1) , k , m Œ I cos x sin x
2 10
when k = 1 and m = 1, then the sin 4 x + cos 4 x
fi = 2 sin x cos x + 2
p sin x cos x
common value of x is
2 fi 1 - 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x = 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x + sin (2 x )
Hence, the general solution is
fi 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x + sin (2 x ) - 1 = 0
fi sin 2 2 x + sin ( 2 x ) - 1 = 0 fi (2 sin (2 x) + 1) = 0 , (sin (2 x) + 4) = 0

fi sin ( 2 x ) =
-1 ± 1 + 4 -1 ± 5
=
fi (2 sin (2 x) + 1) = 0
2 2 1
fi sin ( 2 x ) = -
-1 + 5 2
fi sin ( 2 x ) =
2 Ê pˆ
fi sin ( 2 x ) = sin Á - ˜
Ê -1 + 5 ˆ Ë 6¯
fi sin ( 2 x ) = sin a , a = sin -1 Á
Ë 2 ˜¯ nÊ pˆ
fi 2 x = np + (-1) Á - ˜
Ë 6¯
fi (2 x ) = n p + (-1)n a
np nÊ p ˆ
np na fi x= + (-1) Á - ˜ , n Œ I
fi x= + ( -1) 2 Ë 12 ¯
2 2
1
sin 4 x + cos 4 x = cos ( 4 x ) +
sin 4 x + cos x = 2 sin 4 x cos x
2 2 4
2
fi sin 2 4 x - 2 sin 4 x cos 4 x + cos 2 x = 0 1
fi 1 - 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x = cos ( 4 x ) +
2
(sin )
2
fi 2
4 x - cos 4 x + cos 2 x - cos8 x = 0
fi 2 - 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x = 2 cos (4 x ) + 1
(sin x) ( )
2
fi 2
4 x - cos 4 + cos 2 x 1 - cos6 x = 0 fi 2 - sin 2 2 x = 2 cos (4 x ) + 1
It is possible only when fi 2 cos ( 4 x ) + sin 2 2 x = 1
(sin 2
) (
4 x - cos 4 x = 0 , cos 2 x 1 - cos6 x = 0 ) fi ( )
2 1 - 2 sin 2 2 x + sin 2 ( 2 x ) = 1
Now, cos x = 0 , cos x = 1
2
3 sin 2 (2 x ) = 1
fi
when cos x = 0 then x = ( 2n + 1) p 1
2 fi sin 2 ( 2 x ) =
3
Ê 1ˆ
So, sin 4 Á n + ˜ p = 0 fi
1
sin 2 ( 2 x ) = = sin 2 a
Ë 2¯ 3
which is true fi 2x = n p ± a
when cos 2 x = 1 , then x = n p
np a Ê 1ˆ
which will not satisfy the equation fi x= ± , n Œ I , a = sin -1 Á ˜
2 2 Ë 3¯
sin ( 4 x ) - cos 4 x = 0
p
Hence, the solution is x = ( 2n + 1) Ê pˆ 1
2 sin 4 x + sin 4 Á x + ˜ =
10. Given equation is Ë 4¯ 4
7 Ê pˆ
sin 4 x + cos 4 x = sin x cos x fi 4 sin 4 x + 4 sin 4 Á x + ˜ = 1
2 Ë 4¯
7 2
1 - 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x = sin ( 2 x ) Ê p ˆˆ
fi
(2 sin x) Ê
2
4 fi 2
+ Á 2 sin 2 Á x + ˜ ˜ = 1
Ë Ë 4¯¯
fi 4 - 8 sin 2 x cos 2 x = 7 sin ( 2 x ) 2
fi 4 - 2 sin 2 x - 7 sin ( 2 x ) = 0
2 fi (1 - cos (2 x))2 + ÊÁË1 - cos ÊÁË 2 x + p2 ˆ˜¯ ˆ˜¯ =1
fi 2 sin 2 2 x + 7 sin ( 2 x ) - 4 = 0 fi (1 - cos (2 x))2 + (1 + sin (2 x))2 = 1

fi 2 sin 2 2 x + 8 sin ( 2 x ) - sin ( 2 x ) - 3 = 0 fi 1 - 2 cos ( 2 x ) + 1 + 2 sin (2 x ) = 0
fi (2 sin (2 x) + 1) (sin (2 x) + 4) = 0 fi 2 - 2 (cos ( 2 x ) - sin (2 x )) = 0

fi (cos (2 x) - sin (2 x)) = 1
Ê 1 1 ˆ 1 sin 2016 x = 1 , cos 2016 x = 0
fi ÁË cos ( 2 x ) - sin (2 x )˜ =
2 2 ¯ 2 fi sin x = 1 , cos x = 0
Ê pˆ 1 Hence, the solution is
fi cos Á 2 x + ˜ = p
Ë 4 ¯ 2 x = 2n p + , n Œ I
2
Ê pˆ p
fi ÁË 2 x + ˜¯ = 2np ± Thus, the number of solutions is 1.
4 4 17. Given equation is
p
fi x = np , x = np - , n ŒI x 2 + 2 x sin ( xy ) + 1 = 0
4
Ê pˆ fi ( x + sin ( xy ))2 + (1 - sin 2 ( xy )) = 0
13. We have a = cos Á x + ˜ + cos x
Ë 3¯ fi ( x + sin ( xy ))2 + cos2 ( xy ) = 0
Êpˆ Êpˆ It is possible only when,
= cos x cos Á ˜ - sin x sin Á ˜ + cos x
Ë 3¯ Ë 3¯
( x + sin ( xy ))2 = 0 , cos2 ( xy ) = 0
= 1 cos x - 3 sin x + cos x
2 2 fi ( x + sin ( xy )) = 0 , cos ( xy ) = 0
fi cos ( xy ) = 0
= 3 cos x - 3 sin x
p
x y = (2n + 1) , n Œ I
2 2
fi
The equation will provide us a real solution if 2
3 3 p
cos x - sin x when x = 1, n = 0, then y =
2 2 2
fi 3p
- 3£a£ 3 when x = –1, n = 1, then y =
2
14. Let f ( x ) = cos x - x + 1 Hence, the number of ordered pairs are
2
Ê pˆ Ê 3p ˆ
Now, f (0) = 1 + 1 = 3 > 0 ÁË1, ˜¯ , ÁË -1, ˜¯
2 2 2 2
Êpˆ p 1 1 p 18. Given equation is
and f Á ˜ = 0 - + = - < 0 sin 5x . cos 3x = sin 6x . cos 2x
Ë 2¯ 2 2 2 2
By intermediate value theorem there is a root fi sin (5 x ) cos (3x ) = 2 sin (3x ) cos (3x ) cos ( 2 x )
Ê pˆ
lies in Á 0 , ˜ . fi (sin (5x) - 2 sin (3x) cos (2 x)) cos (3x) = 0
Ë 2¯
Hence, the number of roots is 1.
fi (sin (5x) - sin (5x) - sin ( x)) cos (3x) = 0
fi sin ( x ) cos (3x ) = 0
15. Now, cos ( xy ) tan ( xy ) = xy
fi sin ( x ) = 0 , cos (3x ) = 0
fi sin ( xy ) = xy
p
It is possible only when xy = 0 x = n p , x = ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I
6
fi x = 1 and y = 0 p p 5p
x = 0, p , , ,
Thus, the solution is (1, 0). 6 2 6
Hence, the number of integral ordered pairs is 1. Hence, the number of solutions is 5.
16. Given equation is 19. Given equation is
sin 2016 x - cos 2016 x = 1 cos 3x . tan 5x = sin 7x
fi fi cos (3x ) sin (5 x ) = sin (7 x ) cos (5 x )
sin 2016 x = cos 2016 x + 1
2 cos (3x ) sin (5 x ) = 2 sin (7 x ) cos (5 x )

fi
fi sin (8 x ) + sin ( 2 x ) = sin (12 x ) + sin (2 x )
fi
Êpˆ
sin x + sin Á ˜
Ë 8¯ ( )
2 (1 - cos x ) = 0
fi sin (8 x ) = sin (12 x ) Êpˆ

fi sin x = - sin Á ˜ 2 (1 - cos x )
Ë 8¯
fi sin (12 x ) - sin (8 x ) = 0
2 cos (10 x ) sin (2 x ) = 0 Êpˆ
fi fi sin 2 x = 2 sin 2 Á ˜ (1 - cos x )
Ë 8¯
fi cos (10 x ) = 0 ,sin (2 x ) = 0
Ê 1 ˆ
fi
p
10 x = ( 2n + 1) , 2 x = n p
fi sin 2 x = Á1 - ˜ (1 - cos x )
Ë 2¯
2
p np Ê xˆ Ê xˆ Ê 1 ˆ 2 Ê xˆ
fi x = ( 2n + 1) , x = , n ŒI fi 4 sin 2Á ˜ cos 2 Á ˜ = Á1 -
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ Ë ˜¯ 2 sin ÁË 2 ˜¯
20 2 2
p Ê xˆ Ê 1 ˆ
fi x = 0, fi 2 cos 2 Á ˜ = Á1 - ˜
20 Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
Hence, the number of solutions is 2.
Ê 1 ˆ
20. Given equation is fi 1 + cos x = Á1 - ˜
Ë 2¯
(
2 tan x - l 1 + tan 2 x = 0 ) fi cos x = -
1
2
fi l tan x - 2 tan x + l = 0
2
Ê 3p ˆ
Let it has two roots, say, tan B and tan C fi cos x = cos Á ˜
Ë 4¯
2
Now, tan B + tan C = 3p
l fi x = 2n p ± , nŒI
fi tan B.tan C = 1 4
13 p
tan B + tan C Hence, the solution is x =
Now, tan ( B + C ) = 4
1 - tan B tan C 23. Given equation is
fi tan (p - A) = •
sin 4 x - (k + 2) sin 2 x - ( k + 3) = 0
p
fi (p - A) =
2 fi sin 4 x - 2 sin 2 x - 3 = k sin 2 x + 1 ( )
p sin 4 x - 2 sin 2 x - 3
fi A= fi k=
2
(sin 2
x +1 )
cos 4 x - (a + 2) cos 2 x - (a + 3) = 0 fi k=
(sin 2
)(
x + 1 sin 2 x - 3 )
(sin 2
x +1 )
fi (
cos 4 x - 2 cos 2 x - 3 = a 1 + cos 2 x )
fi (
k = sin 2 x - 3 )
fi ( )( ) (
cos 2 x - 3 cos 2 x + 1 = a 1 + cos 2 x ) fi k + 3 = sin 2 x
fi (cos 2
x - 3) = a fi 0 £ k + 3£1
fi -3 £ k £ -2
fi a + 3 = cos 2 x
Clearly, 0 £ a + 3 £ 1 24. Given equation is
x
= 26 sin x
2
fi -3 £ a £ -2 4.16sin
22. Given equation is fi x
= 43 sin x
2
4.42 sin
pÊ fi
(1 - cos x )2 + sin 2 x ˆ¯ = 0 41+ 2 sin x
= 43 sin x
2
sin x + sin
8Ë
fi 1 + 2 sin 2 x = 3 sin x
fi 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 = 0 sin x + 2 cos x cos x cos x

fi 2 sin 2 x - 2 sin x - sin x + 1 = 0 sin x + 2 cos x sin x cos x = 0
sin x + 2 cos x cos x sin x
fi 2 sin x (sin x - 1) - (sin x - 1) = 0
fi (2 sin x -1) (sin x - 1) = 0 (C1 Æ C1 + C2 + C3 )
1 1 cos x cos x
fi sin x = ,1
2 (sin x + 2 cos x ) 1 sin x cos x = 0
p 5p p 1 cos x sin x
fi x= , ,
6 6 2
1 cos x cos x
Thus, the number of principal solutions is 3.
25. Given equation is (sin x + 2 cos x ) 0 sin x - cos x 0 =0
0 0 sin x - cos x
sec x = 1 + cos x + cos 2 x + cos3 x + ......
fi sec x =
1 (sin x + 2 cos x ) (sin x - cos x )2 = 0
1 - cos x tan x = 1, - 2
1 1 p
fi = So, there is only one solution x = in
cos x 1 - cos x 4
È p p˘
fi 2 cos x = 1 Í- 4 , 4 ˙
Î ˚
1
fi cos x = 4. Given equation is
2
p sin x + sin y = sin ( x + y )
fi x = 2n p ± , n ŒI
3 Ê x + yˆ Ê Ê x - yˆ Ê x + yˆˆ
- cos Á =0
Ë 2 ˜¯ ˜¯
cos Á
Ë 2 ˜¯
2 sin Á
Ë 2 ˜¯ ÁË
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS Ê x + yˆ Ê xˆ Ê yˆ
4 sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜ = 0
1. Given equation is Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
3 sin 2 x - 7 sin x + 2 = 0 Ê x + yˆ Ê xˆ Ê yˆ
sin Á ˜ = 0 ,sin Á ˜ = 0 ,sin Á ˜ = 0
fi 3 sin x - 6 sin x - sin x + 2 = 0
2 Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯
fi 3 sin x (sin x - 2) - (sin x - 2) = 0 x + y = 0, x = 0, y = 0
fi (3 sin x - 1) (sin x - 2) = 0 It is also given that x + y = 1

1 when x = 0, then y = 1 fi y = ± 1
fi sin x = , 2
3
when y = 0, then x = 1 fi x = ± 1
1
fi sin x =
3 1 1
when y = - x , then x = fix = ±
Hence, the number of real solutions is 6. 2 2
and then y = ∓
2 cos x + 3 sin x = k + 1 2
fi - 13 £ ( k + 1) £ 13 Hence, the pairs of solutions are
(0,1) , (0, - 1) , (1, 0) , (-1, 0) , ÊÁË , - ˆ˜¯ , ÊÁË - , ˆ˜¯

1 1 1 1
fi - 13 - 1 £ k £ 13 - 1
2 2 2 2
fi k = –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2 Thus, the numbers of pairs is 6
Hence, the number of integral values of k is 7 5. Given expression is
1 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2 x
sin x cos x cos x
cos x sin x cos x = 0 f ( x) = sin x
2
1 + cos x2
4 sin 2 x
cos x cos x sin x sin 2 x cos 2 x 1 + 4 sin 2 x
1 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2 x ( )

4 cos3 2 x + 2 cos 2 2 x - 2 cos 2 x = 1
= sin x
2
1 + cos x2
4 sin 2 x 2 cos 2 2 x ( 2 cos 2 x + 1) = ( 2 cos 2 x + 1)
sin 2 x cos 2 x 1 + 4 sin 2 x
(2 cos 2
)
2 x - 1 ( 2 cos 2 x + 1) = 0
1 + sin x cos x 4 sin 2 x 4 cos 4 x ( 2 cos 2 x + 1) = 0
2 2
= -1
4 cos 4 x = 0 , ( 2 cos 2 x + 1) = 0
1 0
-1 0 1
1
cos 4 x = 0 , cos 2 x = -
Ê R2 Æ R2 - R1 ˆ 2
ÁË R Æ R - R ˜¯ p p
3 3 1 4 x = ( 4n + 1) , 2 x = 2np ±
(
= 4 sin 2 x + 1 + sin 2 x + cos 2 x ) p
2
p
3
= 4 sin 2 x + 2 x = (4n + 1) , x = np ± , n Œ I
8 6
So, the maximum value is 6. p 5p p 5p
x= , , ,
6 We have, -1 £ sin x £ 1 8 8 6 6
x Hence, the number of solutions is 4.
fi -1 £ £1 9. Given equation is sin x .cos y = 1
10
fi -10 £ x £ 10
sin x = 1, cos y = 1
fi p 3p and y = 0, 2p
x= ,
2 2
-3p -2p -p p 2p 3p
Also, when sin x = -1, cos y = -1
3p
fi x=,y=p
2
Clearly, the number of solutions is 6.
Hence, the number of ordered pairs is 5
tan x + cot x = 2 cosec x Êp ˆ Êp ˆ Ê 3p ˆ Ê 3p ˆ Ê 3p ˆ
i.e. Á , 0˜ , Á , 2p ˜ , Á , 0˜ , Á , p ˜ , Á , 2p ˜
Ë2 ¯ Ë2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯
1 2
fi = 10. When cot x is positive
sin x cos x sin x
The equation becomes
1
fi cos x = 1
2 cot x = cot x +
sin x
fi p 5p
x =±
,± cosec x = 0
3 3
Thus, the number of solutions is 4. It is not possible,
8. Given equation is when cot x is negative.
The given equation becomes
1
cos x .cos 2 x .cos 3x = 1
4 fi - cot x = cot x +
sin x
2 (2 cos 3x cos x ) cos 2 x = 1
1
2 (cos 4 x + cos 2 x ) cos 2 x = 1 fi 2 cot x + =0
sin x
2 (cos 4 x ) cos 2 x + 2 cos 2 2 x = 1 fi 2 cos x + 1 = 0
( )
2 2 cos 2 2 x - 1 cos 2 x + 2 cos 2 2 x = 1 fi cos x = -
1
2
2p x = 1.
fi x = 2n p ± , n ŒI Thus, the number of solutions is 1.
3
2p 4p 15. Here, 1 £ sin ( 2 x ) + cos ( 2 x ) £ 2 and sin ( y ) £ 1
fi x= ,
3 3 It is possible only when sin ( y ) = 1
Hence, the number of solutions is 2.
fi sin( y ) = ±1
p 3p
tan ( 4 x ) tan x = 1 fi y=± ,± .
2 2
cos ( 4 x ) cos x - sin ( 4 x ) sin x = 0 Thus, the number of values of y is 4
cos (5 x ) = 0
PAST IIT-JEE QUESTIONS
p
5 x = ( 2n + 1) 1. Ans. (a)
2
The given equation is sin x + cos x = 1
p
x = ( 2n + 1) , n Œ I 1 1 1
10 fi sin x + cos x =
2 2 2
p 3p 5p 7p 9 p
x= , , , , Ê pˆ Êpˆ
10 10 10 10 10 fi cos Á x - ˜ = cos Á ˜
Hence, the number of solutions is 5. Ë 4¯ Ë 4¯
12. Given equation is Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
sin x (sin x + cos x ) = n fi ÁË x - ˜¯ = ÁË 2np ± ˜¯
4 4
fi n = sin x (sin x + cos x ) Ê p pˆ
fi x = Á 2np ± + ˜
= sin 2 x + sin x cos x Ë 4 4¯
1 - cos ( 2 x ) sin ( 2 x ) p
= + fi x = 2np , 2np +
2 2 2
p
fi sin ( 2 x ) - cos ( 2 x ) = 2n - 1 But x = 2np + does not satisfy the given equation.
2
fi - 2 £ 2n - 1 £ 2 Therefore, the solution is x = 2np , n Œ I
fi 1- 2 1+ 2 2. We have cos x = sin 3x
£n£
2 2 Êp ˆ
fi n = 0, 1 cos x = sin 3x = cos Á - 3x˜
Ë2 ¯
Hence, the number of integral values of n is 2.
13. Given equation is Êp ˆ
fi x = 2 n p ± Á - 3 x˜
sin{x} = cos{x} Ë2 ¯
fi tan{x} = 1 Taking +ve sign, we get,
p p p p p p Êp ˆ
fi x= ,1 + , 2 + , 3 + , 4 + , 5 + x = 2 n p + Á - 3 x˜
4 4 4 4 4 4 Ë2 ¯
Hence, the number of solutions is 6. p
14. Given equation is fi 4x = 2 n p +
2
( ) +( )
2x 2x
3 +1 3 -1 = 23 x 2 np p
fi x= +
4 8
( 3 + 1) + ( 3 - 1) ( )
2x 2x 2x
fi = 2 2 np p
fi x= + , n ŒI
2x 2x 2 8
Ê 3 + 1ˆ Ê 3 - 1ˆ
fi Á ˜ +Á ˜ =1 Taking –ve sign, we get,
Ë 2 2 ¯ Ë 2 2 ¯
Êp ˆ
2x 2x fi x = 2 n p - Á - 3 x˜
Ê Ê 5p ˆ ˆ Ê Ê 5p ˆ ˆ Ë2 ¯
fi ÁË sin ÁË 12 ˜¯ ˜¯ + Á cos Á ˜ ˜ =1
Ë Ë 12 ¯ ¯
p Êpˆ Ê x - yˆ 3
fi -2 x = 2np - fi 2 cos Á ˜ cos Á =
2 Ë 3¯ Ë 2 ˜¯ 2
p 1 Ê x - yˆ 3
fi x = -n p + , n ŒI fi 2¥ ¥ cos Á =
4 2 Ë 2 ˜¯ 2
p p p 3p p
As - £ x £ , x = , - , Ê x - yˆ 3
fi cos Á = .
2 2 8 8 4 Ë 2 ˜¯ 2
Thus, the point of intersections of two curves are
It is not possible, so the solution set is x = j .
Êp Ê p ˆ ˆ Ê 3p Ê 3p ˆ ˆ Ê p 1 ˆ 7. The given inequation is
ÁË 8 , cos ÁË 8 ˜¯ ˜¯ , ÁË - 8 , cos ÁË 8 ˜¯ ˜¯ , ÁË 4 , ˜
2¯ 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 ≥ 0
3. The given equation is
fi (2 sin x - 1) (sin x - 1) ≥ 0
4 cos 2 x sin x - 2 sin 2 x = 3 sin x 1
fi sin x £ & sin x ≥ 1
fi ( )
4 1 - sin x sin x - 2 sin x = 3 sin x
2 2
1
2
fi 4 sin x - 4 sin 3 x - 2 sin 2 x = 3 sin x fi sin x £ & sin x = 1

2
fi sin x - 4 sin 3 x - 2 sin 2 x = 0 È p ˘ È 5p ˘ p
x Œ Í0, ˙ » Í , p ˙ and x =
Î 6 ˚ Î 6 ˚ 2
fi 4 sin 3 x + 2 sin 2 x - sin x = 0
Hence, the solution set is
fi (
sin x 4 sin 2 x + 2 sin x - 1 = 0 ) È p ˘ È 5p ˘ Ï p ¸
x Œ Í0, ˙ » Í , p ˙ » Ì ˝ .
fi (
sin x = 0, 4 sin 2 x + 2 sin x - 1 = 0 ) Î 6˚ Î 6
8. Ans. (c)
˚ Ó2˛
-2 ± 2 5 As we know that tan x ≥ x

fi sin x = 0, sin x =
8 Ê pˆ
So there is no root between Á 0, ˜
-1 ± 5 Ë 2¯
fi sin x = 0, sin x =
4 Êp ˆ Ê 3p ˆ
ÁË , p ˜¯ and ÁË , 2p ˜¯
n Ê -1 ± 5 ˆ 2 2
fi x = np , x = n p + ( -1) sin -1 Á
Ë 4 ˜¯ Ê 3p ˆ
But there is a root in Á p , ˜.
where n Œ I . Ë 2 ¯
4. The given equation is 9. Ans. (b)
The given equation is
sin 4 q - 2 sin 2 q - 1 = 0
sin x - 3 sin 2 x + sin 3x = cos x - 3 cos 2 x + cos 3x
( )
2
fi sin 2 q - 1 = 2 fi (sin x + sin 3x ) - 3 sin 2 x
= (cos x + cos 3x ) - 3 cos 2 x
fi (sin
q - 1) = ± 2
2
fi 2 sin 2 x cos x - 3 sin 2 x
fi sin q = (1 ± 2 )
2
= 2 cos 2 x cos x - 3 cos 2 x
fi (2 cos x - 3) (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) = 0
fi sin q = (1 + 2 ) , (1 - 2 )
2
fi (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) = 0, (∵ 2 cos x - 3 π 0)

since (1 + 2 ) > 1 and (1 - 2 ) < 0 , so tan 2 x = 1
there is no value of q satisfying the given equation. Êpˆ
fi tan 2 x = 1 = tan Á ˜
5. No questions asked in 1985. Ë 4¯
3 Ê pˆ
6. We have cos x + cos y = 2x = Á n p + ˜ , n Œ I
fi Ë
2 4¯
Ê x + y ˆ Ê x - y ˆ 3 Ê np p ˆ
cos Á =
Ë 2 ˜¯ 2
2 cos Á ˜ x=Á + ˜ , n ŒI
Ë 2 ¯ fi Ë 2 8¯
10. No questions asked in between 1990 to 1992. p

11. Ans. (c) Let q =
2n
The given equation is The given equation reduces to
tan x + sec x = 2 cos x
n
fi sin x + 1 = 2 cos 2 x sin q + cos q =
2
fi (
sin x + 1 = 2 1 - sin 2 x ) fi (sin q + cos q )2 =
n
fi (sin x + 1) = 2 (1 - sin x ) (1 + sin x ) 4
n
fi (sin x + 1) (1 - 2 (1 - sin x )) = 0 fi 1 + 2 sin q cos q =
4
1 n Ê n - 4ˆ
fi sin x = -1, sin x = sin 2q = - 1 = Á
2 fi Ë 4 ˜¯
4
p 5p 3p
fi x= , , . As per choices, n ≥ 4
6 6 2
3p p
But x = does not satisfy the given equation. fi 0 < 2q <
2 2
Hence, the number of solutions is 2. fi 0 < sin 2q < 1
12. The given equation can be written as
tan( x + 100∞) cot x = tan( x + 50∞) tan( x - 50∞) Ê n - 4ˆ
fi 0<Á <1
Ë 4 ˜¯
sin( x + 100∞) cos x
fi fi 0 < ( n - 4) < 4
cos( x + 100∞)sin x
sin( x - 50∞)sin( x - 50∞) fi 4<n<8
= 14. The given in-equations are
cos( x + 50∞) cos( x - 50∞)
Applying compenendo and dividendo, we get, 2 sin 2 x + 3 sin x - 2 ≥ 0 and x 2 - x - 2 < 0
fi
sin( x + 100∞) cos x + cos( x + 100∞)sin x fi (2 sin x - 1) (sin x + 2) ≥ 0
sin( x + 100∞) cos x - cos( x + 100∞) sin x (2 sin x - 1) ≥ 0 (∵ sin x + 2 > 0, " x Œ R )
fi
sin( x + 50∞)sin( x - 50∞) + cos( x + 50∞) cos( x - 50∞)
= 1
sin( x + 50∞)sin( x - 50∞) - cos( x + 50∞) cos( x - 50∞) fi sin x ≥
2
sin( x + 100∞ + x) p 5p
fi £x£
sin( x + 100∞ - x) fi 6 6 .......(i)
cos ( x + 50∞ - x + 50∞) Also, x 2 - x - 2 < 0
= - cos x + 50∞ + x - 50∞
( ) ( x - 2) ( x + 1) < 0
fi
fi sin(2 x + 100∞) cos 2 x = - sin(100∞) cos(100∞)
fi -1 < x < 2 ......(ii)
fi 2 sin(2 x + 100∞) cos 2 x = -2 sin(100∞) cos(100∞)
From (i) and (ii), we get,
fi sin(4 x + 100∞) + sin(100∞) = - sin(200∞)
Êp ˆ
fi sin(4 x + 100∞) = -(sin(200∞) + sin(100∞)) x ŒÁ , 2˜
Ë6 ¯
fi sin(4 x + 100∞) = -2 sin(150∞) cos(50∞)
1
fi sin(4 x + 100∞) = -2 ¥ ¥ sin(40∞) cos ( p sin x ) = sin ( p cos x )
2
Êp ˆ
fi sin(4 x + 100∞) = - sin(40∞) = sin(220∞) fi cos ( p sin x ) = cos Á - p cos x˜
Ë2 ¯
fi (4 x + 100∞) = (220∞)
p
fi 4 x = 120∞ fi ( p sin x ) = 2np ± ÊÁË ˆ
- p cos x˜
¯
2
fi x = 30∞
p
Hence, the result. fi p ( sin x + cos x ) = 2np ±
13. Ans. (d) 2
Ê pˆ p fi x 2 - 3x = 0
fi 2 p sin Á x + ˜ = 2np ±
Ë 4¯ 2 fi x = 0, 3
Ê pˆ
As we know that, -1 £ sin Á x + ˜ £ 1 fi tan 2 q = 0, 3
Ë 4¯
pˆ tan q = 0 and tan q = ± 3
Ê
- 2 p £ 2 p sin Á x + ˜ £ 2 p
Ë 4¯ p
fi q = n p , q = np ± , n ŒI
fi p 3
- 2 p £ 2n p ± £ 2p
2 18 The given equation is cos7 x + sin 4 x = 1
fi p
2 p ≥ 2n p ± cos7 x = 1 - sin 4 x
2
fi p
2 p ≥ 2n p + , 2n p -
p fi (
cos7 x = 1 - sin 2 x 1 + sin 2 x)( )
2 2
As we require smallest +ve value of p, so we consider, fi (
cos7 x = cos 2 x 2 - cos 2 x )
x (cos x - ( 2 - cos x )) = 0
p
2p = fi cos 2 5 2
2
p fi cos 2 x = 0, (cos x - ( 2 - cos x )) = 0
5 2
fi p= .
2 2
fi cos 2 x = 0, cos5 x + cos 2 x = 2
p
For this value of p, x = is a solution of the given fi cos x = 0, cos5 x + cos 2 x = 2
equation. 4
16. The given equation can be written as fi cos x = 0, cos x = 1
p
(1 - tan q ) (1 + tan q ) + 2 = 0
2 2 tan 2 q fi x = ± , 0.
2
fi (1 - tan q ) (1 + tan q ) + 2
2 2 tan 2 q
=0 Ï p ¸
Hence, the real roots are Ì± , 0 ˝ .
Ó 2 ˛
fi (1 - tan q ) + 2 = 0
4 tan 2 q
fi 2 = ( tan q - 1)
tan 2 q 4 fi 3 sin 2 x - 7 sin x + 2 = 0
(3 sin x - 1) (sin x - 2) = 0
2 = ( x - 1) , where x = tan
x fi
fi 2 2
q
1
It is true for x = 3 fi sin x = , 2
3
Thus, tan 2 q = 3 1
fi sin x =
( 3)
2
tan 2 q = 3
fi
There is 2 solutions in its period 2p.
fi tanq = ± ( 3 ) So, the number of solutions is 6.
n
20. We have sin ( nq ) = Â br sin q
r
Êpˆ
fi q = ±Á ˜ .
Ë 3¯ r =0
17. The given equation is fi sin ( nq ) = ÈÎb0 + b1 sin q + b2 sin 2 q

tan 2 q + sec 2q = 1 +b3 sin 3 q + ...... + bn sin n q ˚˘
Put q = 0 , then b0 = 0
1 + tan 2 q
fi tan q +2
=1 Thus,
1 - tan 2 q
1+ x sin ( nq ) = b1 sin q + b2 sin 2 q + ...... + bn sin n q
fi x+ = 1, where x = tan 2 q
1- x
sin ( nq )
fi x - x2 + 1 + x = 1 - x fi = b1 + b2 sin q + ...... + bn sin n-1 q
sin q
Taking limit q Æ 0 , we get, Ê1- 5ˆ Ê1+ 5ˆ

b1 = n fi 2 sin t £ Á ˜ , 2 sin t ≥ Á ˜
Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯
Therefore, b0 = 0, b1 = n . Ê1- 5ˆ Ê1+ 5ˆ
fi sin t £ Á ˜ , sin t ≥ Á ˜
22. We have - 74 £ 7 cos x + 5 sin x £ 74 Ë 4 ¯ Ë 4 ¯
fi - 74 £ ( 2k + 1) £ 74 Ê pˆ Ê 3p ˆ
fi sin t £ sin Á - ˜ , sin t ≥ sin Á ˜
fi Ë 10 ¯ Ë 10 ¯
- 74 - 1 £ 2k £ 74 - 1
p p
fi (
-8 - 1 £ 2k £ 8 - 1 ∵ 74 < 9 ) As -
2
£ t £ , we get,
2
fi -9 £ 2k £ 7 p p 3p p
fi - £ t £ - and £t£
fi -4.5 £ k £ 3.5 2 10 10 2
fi k = –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3. È p p ˘ È 3p p ˘
Thus, t Œ Í - , - ˙ » Í , ˙ .
Thus, the number of integral values of k is 8. Î 2 10 ˚ Î 10 2 ˚
23. No questions asked in between 2003 to 2004. 26. The given in-equation is
24. Ans. (d). 2 sin 2 q - 5 sin q + 2 > 0
Given -p £ a, b £ p
fi (2 sin q - 1) (sin q - 2) > 0
fi -p £ a £ p , - p £ b £ p
fi (2 sinq - 1) < 0
fi -p £ a £ p , - p £ -b £ p
1
fi -2p £ a - b £ 2p fi sinq <
2
Given cos (a - b ) = 1 Ê p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ
fi q ŒÁ 0, ˜ » Á , 2p ˜ .
a=b Ë 6¯ Ë 6 ¯
1 27. The given equations are
Also, cos (a + b ) = 2 sin 2 q - cos 2q = 0 and 2 cos 2 q - 3 sin q = 0
e
fi cos (2a ) =
1
e
( )
Now, 2 sin 2 q - 1 - 2 sin 2 q = 0
It has one solution in its period p. fi 4 sin q = 1

2
So it has 4 solutions in [0 , 4p ] . Ê 1ˆ
2
Êpˆ
fi sin 2 q = Á ˜ = sin 2 Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Ë 6¯
5x2 - 2 x + 1
25. Let y = p
3x 2 - 2 x - 1 fi q = np ±
6
fi (3 y - 5) x 2 - 2 ( y - 1) x - ( y + 1) = 0 fi
p 5p 7p 11p
q= , , ,
As x is real, so 6 6 6 6
( y - 1)2 + (3 y - 5) ( y + 1) ≥ 0 Also, 2 cos 2 q - 3 sin q = 0
fi y2 - 2 y + 1 + 3y2 - 2 y - 5 ≥ 0 fi 2 - 2 sin 2 q - 3 sin q = 0
fi 4 y2 - 4 y - 4 ≥ 0 fi 2 sin 2 q + 3 sin q - 2 = 0
fi y2 - y - 1 ≥ 0 fi (2 sin q - 1) (sin q + 2) = 0
Ê Ê1- 5ˆˆ Ê Ê1+ 5ˆˆ fi
1
sin q = , 2
fi Áy-Á ˜ ˜Áy-Á ˜˜ ≥ 0 2
Ë Ë 2 ¯¯ Ë Ë 2 ¯¯
1
Ê1- 5ˆ Ê1+ 5ˆ fi sinq =
y£Á , y≥Á 2
fi ˜ ˜
Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯ p 5p
fi q= , .
6 6
p 5p Ï p 5p ¸
Hence, the solutions are q = , . Hence, the solutions are Ì , ˝.
6 6 Ó12 12 ˛
Therefore, the number of solutions is 2.
30. We have tan q = cot 5q
28. The given equation is sin q = cos j
sin q cos 5q
Êp ˆ =
cos Á - q ˜ = cos j cos q sin 5q
Ë2 ¯
fi 2 cos 5q cos q = 2 sin 5q sin q
Êp ˆ fi cos 6q + cos 4q = cos 4q - cos 6q
fi ÁË - q ˜¯ = 2np ± j , n Œ I
2 fi 2 cos 6q = 0
Ê pˆ fi cos 6q = 0
fi -2np = Á q ± j - ˜
Ë 2¯ 5p 3p p
fi 6q = ± , ± ,±
Ê pˆ 2 2 2
fi ÁË q ± j - ˜¯ = -2n p 5p 3p p
2 fi q = ± ,± ,±
12 12 12
1Ê pˆ
fi ÁË q ± j - ˜¯ = -2 n 5p p p
p 2 fi q = ± ,± ,±
12 4 12
1Ê pˆ
Thus, ÁË q ± j - ˜¯ is an even integer. Also, sin ( 2q ) = cos (4q )
p 2
29. We have Êp ˆ
fi cos (4q ) = cos Á - 2q ˜
Ë2 ¯
6 Ê (m - 1) p ˆ Ê mp ˆ
Â cosec Á q +
Ë 4 ˜
¯
cosec Á q +
Ë ˜ =4 2
4 ¯ fi
Êp ˆ
4q = 2np ± Á - 2q ˜
m =1
6
Ë2 ¯
1
fi [Â =4 2 Taking +ve sign, we get,
m =1 Ê
sin Á q +
( m - 1) p ˆ Ê mp ˆ
Ë 4 ˜¯ sin ÁË q + 4 ˜¯ Êp ˆ
4q = 2np + Á - 2q ˜
Ë2 ¯
ÊÊ
sin Á Á q +
mp ˆ Ê
- Áq +
(m - 1) p ˆ ˆ
˜ ˜¯ ˜¯ p
6
ËË 4 ¯ Ë 4 fi 6q = 2n p +
fi Â Ê ( m - 1) p ˆ Ê mp ˆ
=4 2
m =1
sin Á q + ˜¯ sin ÁË q + 4 ˜¯ np p
Ë 4 fi q= +
3 12
6
Ê Ê Ê m - 1ˆ ˆ ˆ
fi Â ÁË cot ÁË q + ÁË 4 ˜¯ p ˜¯ - cot (q + mp )˜¯ = 4 fi q=
p 5p p
, ,-
m =1 12 12 4
Ê Ê 6p ˆ ˆ Taking –ve sign, we get,
fi ÁË cot q - cot ÁË q + 4 ˜¯ ˜¯ = 4
(cot q + tan q ) = 4 Êp ˆ
fi 4q = 2np - Á - 2q ˜
Ë2 ¯
1
fi =4 p
sin q cos q fi 2q = 2np -
2
1
fi =2 p
2 sin q cos q fi q = np -
4
1
fi =2 p
sin 2q fi q = np -
1 4
fi sin 2q = p 5p p
2 Hence, the solutions are q = , , - .
12 12 4
p 5p p
fi 2q = , 31. Let = q
6 6 n
p 5p Then the given equation becomes
fi q= , .
12 12
1 1 1 sin x È3 - ( 2 cos x - 1) ˘ = 3
2
= + fi Î ˚
sin q sin ( 2q ) sin (3q )
1 1 1
fi - = sin x = 1 and (2 cos x - 1) = 0
sin q sin (3q ) sin ( 2q )
p p
sin 3q - sin q 1 fi x= and x = .
fi = 2 3
sin q sin (3q ) sin ( 2q )
Thus, the values of x does not saitsfy the given
2 cos 2q sin q 1 equation.
fi =
sin q sin 3q sin 2q 34. Ans. 8
2 cos 2q 1 The given equation can be written as
fi =
sin 3q sin 2q 5
cos 2 2 x + cos 4 x + sin 4 x + cos6 x + sin 6 x = 2
fi sin 4q = sin 3q 4
fi sin 4q = sin (p - 3q ) fi
5
( )
cos 2 2 x + 1 - 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x
( )
4
+ 1 - 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x = 2
fi 4q = p - 3q
fi 7q = p 5 Ê 1 ˆ
fi cos 2 2 x + Á1 - sin 2 2 x˜
4 Ë 2 ¯
p Ê 3 ˆ
fi q= + Á1 - sin 2 2 x˜ = 2
7 Ë 4 ¯
p p 5 5 2
fi = fi cos 2 x - sin 2 x = 0
2
n 7 4 4
fi n = 7. fi cos 2 x - sin 2 2 x = 0
2
Hence, the integral value of n is 7. fi cos 2 2 x = sin 2 2 x

32. No questions asked in between 2012 to 2013.
33. Ans. (d) fi tan 2 2 x = 1
The given equation is p
fi 2 x = np ± , n Œ I
sin x + 2 sin 2 x - sin 3x = 3 4
np p
fi sin x + 4 sin x cos x - 3 sin x + 4 sin 3 x = 3 fi x= ± , n ŒI .
2 8
fi
Î ( )
sin x È-2 + 4 cos x + 4 1 - cos 2 x ˘ = 3 .
˚
p 3p 5p 7p 9p 11p 13p 15p
fi sin x ÈÎ2 - ( 4 cos 2 x - 4 cos x + 1) + 1˘˚ = 3 x= , , , , , , , .
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
CHAPTER 4
Trigonometric In-Equation
4.1 TRIGONOMETRIC INEQUALITIES Ex-1. Solve sin x > 1/2.

Soln. Here, we should construct the graph of y = sinx and
Suppose we have to solve f (x) > k or f (x) < k. y = 1/2.
When we solve the inequation, we often use the graphs Y
of the functions y = f (x) and y = k.
Then, the solution of the inequality f (x) > k is the values
of x for which the point (x, f (x)) of the graph of y = f (x) lies y = 1/2
above the striaght line y = k.
X¢ X
Y O p 5p
6 6
y=k
X¢ X Y¢
O
Y¢ Ê p 5p ˆ
x = ∪ Á 2np + , 2np + ˜ .
nŒI Ë 6 6¯
Similarly, when we solve f (x) < k, then the solution of the
inequalition f (x) < k is the values of x for which the point (x, Ex-2: Solve: sin x > 1/3.
f (x)) of the graph of y = f (x) lies below the striaght line y = k.
Soln. Here, we should construct the graph of y = sin x
Y
Ê 1ˆ
and y = sin -1 Á ˜ .
y=k Ë 3¯
X¢ X Y
O
Y¢
y = 1/3
Type - I: An inequation is of the form sin x > k. X¢

O
X
Ê 1ˆ Ê 1ˆ
sin-1 Á ˜ p - sin -1 Á ˜
Rule: Find the smallest values of x Ë 3¯ Ë 3¯
inequation and then add 2np with that values of x.
Y Y¢
y=k Hence, the solution set is

Ê Ê 1ˆ Ê 1ˆ ˆ
X¢
O
X x = ∪ Á 2np + sin -1 Á ˜ , ( 2n + 1) p - sin -1 Á ˜ ˜
nŒI Ë Ë 3¯ Ë 3¯ ¯
Y¢
Trigonometric In-Equation 185
Ex-3. Solve: sin x ≥ 1. Ex-2. Solve: sin x < 1/5.

Soln. We have sin x ≥ 1. Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = sin x and
Y y = 1/5.
Y
y=1
0 y = 1/2
X¢ X
p/2 5p/2 X¢ X
Ê 1ˆ 0 Ê 1ˆ
-p sin-1 Á ˜ sin-1 Á ˜
Ë 5¯ Ë 5¯
Y¢
Y¢
p Hence, the solution set is
fi x = ( 4n + 1) , n ŒI .
Ê -1 Ê 1 ˆ ˆ
Á ( 2n - 1) p - sin ÁË 5 ˜¯ , ˜
2
Ex-4. Solve: sin x > 0 x= ∪ Á ˜
Soln. We have, sin x > 0 nŒI Á -1 Ê 1 ˆ ˜
Y
ÁË 2np + sin ÁË 5 ˜¯ ˜¯
y=1 3
+ + + Ex-3. Solve: sin x £
X¢ X 2
0 p
y = -1 Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = sin x
Y¢
3
and y =
2
x = ∪ ( 2 n p , (2n + 1) p )
Y
fi
nŒI
Type - II: An in-equation is of the form sin x < k. y=

3
2
Rule: Find the smallest values of x
X¢ X
in-equation and then add 2np with that values of x. -
4p 0 p
Y 3 3
Y¢
y=k
X¢ X È 4p p˘
x = ∪ Í2np - , 2np + ˙
nŒI Î 3 3˚
Type - III: An in-equation is of the form cos x > k.

Y¢
Rule: x
Ex-1. Solve: sin x < 1/2
the given in-equation and then add 2np with each
Soln. Here, we should draw the graph of y = sinx and
values of x.
y = 1/2
Y
Y
y=k
y = 1/2 X¢ X
O
X¢ X
7p 0 p
-
6 6
Y¢
1
Y¢ Ex-1. Solve: cos x > .
2
Hence, the solution set is Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = cos x
Ê 7p pˆ 1
x = ∪ Á 2 np - , 2 np + ˜ . and y = .
nŒI Ë 6 6¯ 2
Y Hence, the solution set is

Ê -1 Ê 1 ˆ ˆ
Á 2np + cos ÁË 3 ˜¯ ,
1
y= ˜
2
X¢ X
Á ˜
p O p Á -1 Ê 1 ˆ ˜
-
4 4 x = ∪ Á 2 ( n + 1) p - cos Á ˜ ˜ .
nŒI Ë 3¯
Á ˜
Y¢
Á ˜
ÁË ¯˜
Ê p pˆ Ex-2. Solve: cos x £
3
x = ∪ Á 2np - , 2np + ˜ . .
nŒI Ë 4 4¯ 2
Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = cos x
Ex-2. Solve: cos x ≥ 1 .
2 3
and y = .
Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = cos x and 2
y = 1/2 Y
Y
3
y=
2
y = 1/2 X¢ X
O p p
2p -
X¢ p p X 6 6
O
-
3 3
Y¢
Y¢
Hence, the solution set is È p p˘
x = ∪ Í2np + , 2 ( n + 1) p - ˙ .
È p p˘ nŒI Î 6 6˚
x = ∪ Í2np - , 2np + ˙ .
nŒI Î 3 3˚
Type - V: An in-equation is of the form tan x > k.
Type - IV: An in-equation is of the form cos x < k. Rule: x
Rule: x the given in equation and then add np with each
the given inequation and then add 2np with each values of x.
values of x. Y
Y
y=k
y=k
X¢ X X¢ p p X
O cos-1 - O
2p - cos-1
2 2
(k) (k)
Y¢
1 Y¢
Ex-1. Solve: cos x < .
3 Ex-1. Solve: tan x > 1.
Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = cos x Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = tan x
1 and y = 1.
and y = . Y
3
Y
y=1
y =1/3
X¢ X X¢ p p p X
O ËÁ ¯˜ - O
1 2 4 2
ˆ1ˆ -1
2p - cos Á ˜
cos-1 ˜ ˜ Ë 3¯
¯3¯
Y¢
Y¢
Hence, the solution set is Ex-1. Solve: tan x < 1.

Ê p pˆ Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = tan x
x = ∪ Á np + , n p + ˜ .
nŒI Ë 4 2¯ and y = 1.
Y
1
Ex-2. Solve: tan x ≥ .
3
Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = tan x y=1
1
and y = . X¢ X
3 p O p p
-
Y 2 4 2
1
y=
3 Y¢
X¢ p p p X Hence, the solution set is
- O
2 6 2 p pˆ
Ê
x = ∪ Á np - , np + ˜ .
nŒI Ë 2 4¯
Ex-2. Solve: tan x £ 3 .
Y¢
Hence, the solution set is Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = tan x
È p pˆ and y = 3
x = ∪ Ínp + , n p + ˜ Y
nŒI Î 6 2¯
Ex-3. Solve: tan x > 2.
Soln. Here, we should draw the graphs of y = tanx
y= 3
and y = 2.
Y X¢ X
p O p p
-
2 3 2
y=2
p
2
X¢ p X
- O y = tan-1 (2) Y¢
2
È p p˘
x = ∪ Ínp - , np + ˙ .
Y¢ nŒI Î 2 3˚
Ê pˆ
x = ∪ Á np + tan -1 ( 2) , n p + ˜ . 4.2 SOME SOLVED EXAMPLES
nŒI Ë 2¯
Ex-1. Solve: sin x > cos x.
Type -VI: An inequation is of the form tan x < k. Soln. We have sin x > cos x
Rule: x fi sin x – cos x > 0
the given in equation and then add np with each 1 1
fi sin x – cos x > 0
values of x. 2 2
Y
Ê pˆ
fi sin Á x - ˜ > 0
Ë 4¯
y=k
Ê p pˆ
fi x ŒÁ 2np + , (2n + 1) p + ˜
X¢ p O p X Ë 4 4¯
-
2 2
Ê p pˆ
x = ∪ Á 2np + , (2n + 1) p + ˜ .
nŒI Ë 4 4¯
Y¢
Ex-2. Solve: cos x > sin x. Soln. We have, sin x sin 2x < sin 3x sin 4 x
Soln. We have cos x > sin x fi 2 sin x sin 2x < 2 sin 3x sin 4 x
fi cos x – sin x > 0 fi cos x – cos 3x < cos x – cos 7x
1 1 fi cos 3x > cos 7x
fi cos x – sin x > 0
2 2 fi cos 3x – cos 7x > 0
Ê pˆ
fi cos Á x + ˜ > 0 fi 2 sin 5x sin 2x > 0
Ë 4¯
fi sin 5 x > 0 (since sin 2x is +ve for 0 < x < p/2)
Ê 3p pˆ
fi x ŒÁ 2np - , 2np + ˜ fi 0 < 5x < p
Ë 4 4¯
p
Hence, the solution set is fi 0< x<
5
Ê 3p pˆ Hence, the solution set is
x = ∪ Á 2np - , 2np + ˜ .
nŒI Ë 4 4¯
Ê pˆ Ê pˆ
1 1 x = Á 0, ˜ » Á 0, ˜
Ex-3. Solve: - £ cos x < . Ë 5¯ Ë 2¯
2 2
1 Ex-6. Solve: cos x – sin x – cos 2x > 0, " x Œ(0, 2p )
1
Soln. We have cos x < and cos x ≥ - . Soln. We have cos x – sin x – cos 2x > 0
2 2
Ê p 7p ˆ fi (cos x – sin x) – (cos2 x – sin 2 x) > 0
fi x ŒÁ 2np + , 2np + ˜
Ë 4 4¯ fi (cos x – sin x) (1 – cos x – sin x) > 0
and fi (sin x – cos x) (sin x + cos x – 1) > 0
È p p˘ Ê pˆ
x Œ Í2np - , 2np + ˙ fi sin Á x - ˜ (sin x + cos x - 1) > 0
Î 3 3˚ Ë 4¯
Hence, the solution set is Hence, the solution set is
Ê p 7p ˆ Ê p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ
x = ∪ Á 2np + , 2np + ˜ x ŒÁ 0, ˜ » Á , 2p ˜
nŒI Ë 4 4¯ Ë 4¯ Ë 4 ¯
È p p˘ 5 2 1
sin x + sin 2 2 x > cos 2 x
» Í2np + , 2np + ˙ . Ex-7. Solve:
Î 3 3˚ 4 4
5 1
Soln. We have, sin 2 x + sin 2 2 x > cos 2 x
Ex-4: Solve: sin x + cos x = sin x + cos x . 4 4
Soln. We have sin x + cos x = sin x + cos x fi 5 (2 sin2 x) + 2 (sin2 2x) > 8 cos 2x
As we know that, if fi 5 (1 – cos 2x) + 2 (1 – cos2 2x) > 8 cos 2x
fi 5 – 5 cos 2x + 2 – 2 cos2 2x – 8 cos 2x >0
f ( x) + g ( x ) = f ( x) + g ( x )
fi 2 cos2 2x + 13 cos 2x – 7 < 0
then f ( x ) g ( x ) ≥ 0 fi 2 cos2 2x + 14 cos 2x – cos 2x – 7 < 0
Thus, sin x cos x ≥ 0 fi 2 cos 2x (cos 2x + 7) – (cos 2x +7) <0
fi sin 2x ≥ 0 fi (cos2x + 7) (2 cos 2x – 1) < 0
È p˘ fi 2 cos 2x – 1 < 0
fi x Œ Ín p , n p + ˙ fi cos 2x < 1/2
Î 2˚
Hence, the solution set is Ê p 5p ˆ
fi x ŒÁ np + , np + ˜
Ë 6 6¯
È p˘
x = ∪ Ín p , n p + ˙ . Hence, the solution set is
nŒI Î 2˚
Ex-5. Solve: sin x sin 2 x < sin 3 x sin 4 x, Ê p 5p ˆ
x = ∪ Á np + , np + ˜
Ê pˆ nŒI Ë 6 6¯
" x ŒÁ 0, ˜ .
Ë 2¯
Ex.-8 Solve: 6 sin 2 x - sin x cos x - cos 2 x > 2 . fi cos 4x > 1/2
Soln. We have, 6 sin 2 x - sin x cos x - cos 2 x > 2 Ê p pˆ
fi 4 x ŒÁ 2np - , 2np + ˜
fi 6 sin2 x – sin x cos x – cos2 x Ë 3 3¯
> 2 (sin2 x + cos2 x) Ê np p np p ˆ
fi x ŒÁ - , +
fi 4 sin2 x – sin x cos x – 3 cos2 x > 0 Ë 2 12 2 12 ˜¯
fi 4 tan2 x – tan x – 3 > 0 Hence, the solution set is
fi 4 tan x – 4 tan x + 3 tan x – 3 > 0
2
Ê np p np p ˆ
x= ∪Á - , + ˜
fi 4 tan x (tan x – 1) + 3 (tan x – 1) > 0 nŒI Ë 2 12 2 12 ¯
fi (tan x – 1) (4 tan x + 3) > 0 5
Ex-10. Solve: cos3 x.cos 3x - sin 3 x sin 3x >
fi tan x < – 3/4 and tan x > 1 8
Ê p Soln. The given inequation is
Ê 3ˆ ˆ
fi x ŒÁ np - , np - tan -1 Á ˜ ˜
Ë 2 Ë 4¯ ¯ cos3 x.cos 3x - sin 3 x sin 3x >
5
8
Ê p pˆ
and x ŒÁ np + , np + ˜ fi (cos 3x + 3 cos x ) cos 3x
Ë 4 2¯
5
Hence, the solution set is – (3 sin x - sin 3x ) sin 3x >
2
Ê p Ê 3ˆ ˆ
x = Á np - , np - tan -1 Á ˜ ˜ fi sin 2 3x + cos 2 3x
Ë 2 Ë 4¯ ¯
5
Ê p pˆ + 3 (cos 3x cos x - sin 3x sin x ) >
» ÁË np + , np + ˜¯ , n Œ I 2
4 2
5
13 fi 3 cos 4x + 1 >
Ex-9. Solve: sin x + cos x >
6 6 2
16
1
13 fi cos 4 x >
Soln. We have, sin x + cos x >
6 6 2
16
p p
fi 2np - < 4 x < 2np + , n Œ I
fi (
1 - 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x >
13
16
) 3 3
np p np p
fi - <x< + , n ŒI
Ê 3
( )(
fi Á1 - 2 sin 2 x 2 cos 2 x ˜ >
Ë 4
ˆ 13
¯ 16 ) 2 12 2 12
Ê 3 ˆ 13
fi ÁË1 - (1 - cos 2 x ) (1 + cos 2 x )˜¯ > Ê Ê np p np p ˆ ˆ
4 16 x = ∪ Á ÁË - , + ˜
nŒI Ë 2 12 2 12 ¯ ˜¯
fi
Ê 3
( ˆ 13
ÁË1 - 1 - cos 2 x ˜¯ >
4
2
16
) Ex-11. Solve the inequality: sin 6 x + cos6 x >
13
16
Ê 3 2 ˆ 13
fi ÁË1 - sin 2 x˜¯ > Soln. The given inequation is
4 16
13
sin 6 x + cos6 x >
fi
Ê 3
( ˆ 13
ÁË1 - 2 sin 2 x ˜¯ >
8
2
)
16
16
(sin )
3
fi 2
x + cos 2 x - 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x
Ê 3 ˆ 13
fi ÁË1 - (1 - cos 4 x )˜¯ >
8 16
(sin 2
x + cos 2 x) >
13
16
Ê5 3 ˆ 13
fi ÁË + cos 4 x˜¯ > 13
8 8 16 fi 1 - 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x >
16
fi 3 3
8
cos 4 x >
16 fi 1-
3
4
(
sin 2 2 x > )
13
16

Comprehensive Trigonometry For IIT JEE Main and Advanced Rejaul Makshud McGraw Hill (PDFDrive) - 151-200

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140 Comprehensive Trigonometry with Challenging Problems & Solutions for Jee Main and Advanced

4. Solve: tan q + tan 2q + tan q tan 2q = 1

17. If sin A = sin B and cos A = cos B

LEVEL II 10. The real roots of the equation cos7 x + sin 4 x = 1 in

18. The number of solution of the equation tan x.tan 4 x = 1 , Ê pˆ Ê 2p ˆ

22. The smallest positive value of x such that Ê pˆ

Ê pˆ Ê 2p ˆ 42. |tan x + sec x| = |tan x| + |sec x|, x Œ [0, 2p],

6. sin2x + 5 cos x + 5 sin x + 1 = 0

LINKED COMPREHENSION TYPE Ê pˆ Ê pˆ

cos q sin q cos q 5. Match the following columns:

where 0 < x < 2p, (R) -

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

6. Solve for x and y: 9. The general solutions of sin x - 3 sin 2 x + sin 3x

for which 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 ≥ 0 . [IIT-JEE - 1987] [IIT-JEE-1996]

n 28. If sin q = cos j , then the possible values of

p 53. (d) 54. (a) 55. (d) 56. (c)

INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS 3p

ﬁ (tan q - 3 ) (tan q + 1) = 0 ﬁ tan q = 0 ,1 - tan 2 q = -2

ﬁ tan q = 3 , tan q = -1 ﬁ tan q = 0 , tan 2 q = 3

ﬁ 2 sin 2 q cos 2 q = cos 2 q Ê pˆ

Here, we observe that A – B is +ve 3

Now, cos 2 x - cos 2 y = 1 Ê x - yˆ

ﬁ 32 sin 4 x cos 4 x + 4 sin 2 x cos 2 x - 1 = 0 ﬁ (4 cos 2

ﬁ tan x = -1, tan x = 3 Ê 3x ˆ Ê p xˆ

ﬁ sin 4 x ( 2 cos 3x + 1) = 0 6. Given equation is

ﬁ sin 4 x = 0 , (2 cos 3x + 1) = 0 sin 2 x + cos 2 x + sin x + cos x + 1 = 0

np 2np 2p ﬁ (sin x + cos x ) (2 cos x + 1) = 0

ﬁ (2 cos 3x - 1) cos x = 0 ﬁ ((1 - tan x) - (1 + tan x)) (1 + tan x) = 0

ﬁ 2 cos (3x ) = 0 , cos (2 x ) = 0 sin 3 x cos x + sin 2 x cos 2 x + sin x cos3 x = 1

ﬁ cos (3x ) = 0 , cos ( 2 x ) = 0 ﬁ sin x cos x ÈÎsin 2 x + sin x cos x + cos 2 x ˘˚ = 1

ﬁ (cos x - sin x ) (2 sin x + 1) + 2 cos x = 0 Ê 2 Ê xˆ 2 Ê xˆˆ

Ê1- t2 ˆ ﬁ sin x + cos x = 1

It is possible only when

6. Given equation is EXERCISE 14

ﬁ 2 cos (6 x ) cos x = -2 ﬁ (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) (2 cos x + 1) = 0

ﬁ sin 2 2 x + sin ( 2 x ) - 1 = 0 ﬁ (2 sin (2 x) + 1) = 0 , (sin (2 x) + 4) = 0

ﬁ 2 sin 2 2 x + 7 sin ( 2 x ) - 4 = 0 ﬁ (1 - cos (2 x))2 + (1 + sin (2 x))2 = 1

It is possible only when

2 cos (3x ) sin (5 x ) = 2 sin (7 x ) cos (5 x )

ﬁ sin (8 x ) = sin (12 x ) Êpˆ

ﬁ 2 sin 2 x - 3 sin x + 1 = 0 sin x + 2 cos x cos x cos x

ﬁ 3 sin x (sin x - 2) - (sin x - 2) = 0 x + y = 0, x = 0, y = 0

ﬁ (3 sin x - 1) (sin x - 2) = 0 It is also given that x + y = 1

(0,1) , (0, - 1) , (1, 0) , (-1, 0) , ÊÁË , - ˆ˜¯ , ÊÁË - , ˆ˜¯

1 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2 x ( )

ﬁ 4 sin x - 4 sin 3 x - 2 sin 2 x = 3 sin x ﬁ sin x £ & sin x = 1

-2 ± 2 5 As we know that tan x ≥ x

ﬁ (sin 2 x - cos 2 x ) = 0, (∵ 2 cos x - 3 π 0)

10. No questions asked in between 1990 to 1992. p

17. The given equation is ﬁ sin ( nq ) = ÈÎb0 + b1 sin q + b2 sin 2 q

Taking limit q Æ 0 , we get, Ê1- 5ˆ Ê1+ 5ˆ

It has one solution in its period p. ﬁ 4 sin q = 1

Hence, the integral value of n is 7. ﬁ cos 2 2 x = sin 2 2 x

4.1 TRIGONOMETRIC INEQUALITIES Ex-1. Solve sin x > 1/2.

Type - I: An inequation is of the form sin x > k. X¢

y=k Hence, the solution set is

Ex-3. Solve: sin x ≥ 1. Ex-2. Solve: sin x < 1/5.

Type - II: An in-equation is of the form sin x < k. y=

Type - III: An in-equation is of the form cos x > k.

Y Hence, the solution set is

Hence, the solution set is Ex-1. Solve: tan x < 1.

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