HISTORY

OF
GLOBAL
POLITICS
 NATION vs STATE
NATION STATE
– An imagined community – A country and its centralized
government
– Emphasizes the ties that
– Exercises authority over a specific
gold groups of people population (citizens)
together and inspire a – Governs a specific territory
sense of loyalty and – Has a structure of government that
belonging, i.e. ethnicity, crafts rules that people follow
language, religion, etc. – Has sovereignty over its territory
 WORLD POLITICS
1. There are countries or states that are independent and govern
themselves.
2. These countries interact with each other through diplomacy.
3. There are international organizations, like UN, that facilitate these
interactions.
4. Beyond simply facilitating meetings between states, international
organizations also take on lives of their own.
 WORLD POLITICS
1. THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM
Westphalian System 2. INTERNATIONALISM
Napoleonic Code
Metternich System
 THE
INSTERSTATE
SYSTEM
• Westphalian System
• Concert System
THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM
TREATY OF WESTPHALIA
(1648)
- A set of agreements signed in 1648 to end the 30-Years’-War
between the major continental powers of Europe
- To exercise complete control over domestic affairs and swear
not to meddle in each other’s affairs
THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE
Napoleonic Code
- Forbade birth privileges, encouraged freedom
of religion, promoted meritocracy in
government service

Battle of Waterloo
- Defeated Napoleon in 1815
THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM
KLEMENS VON METTERNICH
- Metternich System
(1815-1914)
- Congress of Vienna

The Concert of Europe

- Alliance of “Great Powers”: UK, Austria, Russia, Prussia

- the vague consensus among the European

monarchies favoring preservation of the
territorial and political status quo
INTERNATIONALISM

• Liberal
• Socialism
INTERNATIONALISM
INTERNATIONALISM
- The desire for greater cooperation and unity among
states and people

• Liberal Internationalism
• Socialist Internationalism
LIBERAL INTERNATIONALISM
KANT BENTHAM
– World Government – “international law” to
ensure the greatest
happiness for the
greatest number of
people
NATIONALISM & LIBERAL INTERNATIONALISM
GIUSEPPE MAZZINI
- Advocate of the unification of the Italian-
speaking mini-states, and a major critic of
Metternich system

- Republican Government

- A system of free nations that cooperated with

each other to create an international system
NATIONALISM & LIBERAL INTERNATIONALISM
WOODROW WILSON
- Most notable advocate for the creation of the
League of Nations
- Nobel Peace Prize in 1919

- Principle of Self-Determination
- the belief that the world’s nations had a right
to a free and sovereign governments
SOCIALIST INTERNATIONALISM
KARL MARX
- Mazzini’s critic
- Did not believe in nationalism

ECONOMIC EQUALITY !!!!

The Socialist International

- union of European socialist and labor parties
in 1889
SOCIALIST INTERNATIONALISM

VLADIMIR LENIN
- Bolshevik Party
- - proposed the establishment of the
dictatorship of the proletariat led by a
revolutionary party, as a Political prelude
to the establishment of Communism
- Founding head of the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics (USSR)