4TH QUARTER, SY2020-2021 GED 102 WEEK 3

Task List

Week 3 lessons focus on Logic as an essential part of discourse of the

mathematical language. It covers propositional logic, which entails evaluation of truth
values of simple and compound propositions and statements. Predicate logic is also
discussed where evaluation of quantified statements in terms of their truth values is
also discussed.

Keep track of your progress in this lesson by checking the box corresponding to each
task.

✓ 1. Read/Watch Module 1 Lesson 7 Lecture

✓ 2. Read/Watch Module 1 Lesson 8 Lecture

✓ 3. Answer HW3 in Blackboard.

✓ 4. Prepare for/Take Module 1 Quiz

✓ 5. Finalize and submit Module 1 Project.

✓ 6. Prepare and submit the documentation of project.

✓ 7. Submit WGN Week 3.

4TH QUARTER, SY2020-2021 GED 102 WEEK 3

Lesson 7. Propositional Logic

Highlights

A. What are the five type of compound statements/propositions?

- Negation
- Disjunction
- Conjunction
- Conditional
- Biconditional

B. Given the conditional proposition 𝑝 → ~𝑞. Write the symbolic form of the following
related propositions:
1. Negation
~𝑝 → 𝑞
2. Converse
~𝑞 → 𝑝
3. Inverse
~𝑝 → 𝑞
4. Contrapositive
𝑞 → ~𝑝

C. Define a tautology, a contradiction and a contingency.

Tautology- if the truth value of a compound statement is always true regardless
of the truth values of each of the component statements.

Contradiction- if the truth value of a compound statement is always false

regardless of the truth values of the component statements.

Contingency- if the truth value of a compound contains both true and false
regardless of truth values of the component statements. It is neither tautology
nor a contradiction.
4TH QUARTER, SY2020-2021 GED 102 WEEK 3

Lesson 8. Predicate Logic

Highlights

A. Define and give 2 examples of universal quantification.

Universal Quantification is used to denote that all elements in the set satisfy a given
property. The examples of universal quantifiers are “all”, “every”, “each”, and “any.”

B. Define and give 2 examples of existential quantification.

Existential quantification is used to denote that one or more elements of a set

satisfy a given property. The examples of existential quantifiers are “Some”,
“there”, and “there exists.”

C. Explain how to negate a universal and existential quantification. Give 2 examples

of each.

The first step in negating the universal and existential quantification is to apply the
negation on the predicate through negation words “no”, “not” , “none.” By applying
double negation, the universal can be express as negated existential with a negated
predicate. Applying double negation on a universal result to existential. The
universal can become existential if the predicate is negated.

Examples for negating universal quantification:

1. Not all students are studying for the exam.
2. It is not true that every animal cannot walk.

Examples for negating existential quantification:

4TH QUARTER, SY2020-2021 GED 102 WEEK 3

1. Some of the students are not studying for the exam.

2. There are some animals that can walk.