Friday, 17th Feb 2023

UDM 723 DECISION MAKING

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

CASE STUDY:

BANDAR TUN RAZAK

PARROT GREEN
& GREY LINE
PREPARED BY
MOHD FAEEZ BIN ZAINAL ARIFF 2021402682
MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN SALLEHUDIN 2021293464
MOHD ANAS BIN MOHD NOR 2021236282

PREPARED FOR
PROFESSOR TPR DR JAMALUNLAILI BIN ABDULLAH & DR MUHAMMAD HAKIM BIN DANIAL
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1

2.0 Profile of the Interviewee ............................................................................................ 2

3.0 Background of Case Study ......................................................................................... 2

4.0 Decision Making Process for GoKL Bus by DBKL ...................................................... 5

5.0 Monitoring Phasing using Outcome Assessment ...................................................... 18

6.0 Critique on Decision Making ..................................................................................... 19

7.0 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 19

8.0 References ............................................................................................................... 20

pg. 0
1.0 Introduction
Kuala Lumpur has experienced significantly better economic, social and other growth
resulting in more intensive urban activity which raises the demand for public
transportation facilities in the city. Public transportation plays a crucial role in reducing
traffic congestion, improving air quality and increasing the mobility of the population.
Yet, Kuala Lumpur's first and last miles represent one of the most urgent challenges
with public transport. Kuala Lumpur City Hall has executed a free bus service called
GoKL to address the issue of the first and last mile.

GoKL is a free bus service that provides first and last mile bus services that are
dependable, easily accessible, have good connectivity, safe and comfortable. The
services, which were previously managed by the Land Public Transport Commission
(SPAD), were taken over by Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) on 1st January 2019.
Currently, GoKL operates in 13 lines. Most of the buses are electric and the fleet will
be entirely electric by 2023. The Department of City Transport, Kuala Lumpur City Hall
is in charge of GoKL.

The Department of City Transport, Kuala Lumpur City Hall is in charge of

proposing and implementing new lines as well as improving existing ones. This is
where the decision making process, methods and techniques come into play to ensure
that all stakeholders benefit. There are a few route selection criteria that have been
considered in the proposed new line and improved existing line, which are high density
residential areas, preference for the B40 demographic, public housing (PA) and low-
cost housing (PPR) and connectivity to nearby transit system stations.

Figure 1: GoKL bus

pg. 1
2.0 Profile of the Interviewee
We interviewed the key person involved in
preparing and implementing GoKL's line and
improving GoKL's existing line in order to
achieve the task's objectives. Her name is
Rahayu binti Muhammad Taib. She is a
Senior Assistant Director (Civil Engineer) in
the Public Transportation Unit. She had been
with the Department of City Transport, Kuala
Lumpur City Hall since 2019. Her educational
background is Bachelor of Civil Engineering
(Hons.) from Universiti Teknologi MARA.

We have carried out the interview session on

9th February 2023. The time of interview is at
2.45pm- 5.00pm which takes around 2 hours
and 15 minutes session. We conducted the
interview in her office.
Figure 2: Interviewee’s Photo

3.0 Background of Case Study

During the interview with Mrs Rahayu, we are looking for a project that has
successfully implemented a good decision making process, methods and techniques.
She proposed a project or known as Lines in GoKL services, which is located in the
Bandar Tun Razak Parliament. The Line's names are Parrot Green and Grey Line.
Line 10 and Line 11 are other names for it. The line was has begin service in November
2021.

The length of the Parrot

Green Line is 13.8km, while the
length of the Grey Line is
16.7km. The total distance
covered by both lines is 30.5
kilometres. Both lines are linked,
and one (1) GoKL exchange
Hub is located at SMK Seri
Tasik. The Parrot Green Line
has 35 stops and the Grey Line
has 34 stops. Both lines are
operational from 6 a.m. to 11
p.m. Figure 3 depicts the Parrot
Green and Grey Line
alignments and stops.

Figure 3: Parrot Green and Grey Line

pg. 2
a) Parrot Green Line

The Parrot Green Line runs through Maluri and Bandar Sri Permaisuri. The Parrot
Green Line begins at Terminal Maluri and ends at MRT Maluri (Gate B). Full loops last
70 minutes during peak hours and 45 minutes during non-peak hours. One (1) GoKL
Exchange Hub is located at SMK Seri Tasik, one (1) LRT exchange is located at LRT
Cheras and one (1) MRT exchange is located at MRT Maluri.

As one of the route

selection criteria is to cover
Public Housing and Low
Cost Housing, which
includes B40
demographics, the Parrot
Green Line includes a few
stops such as Flat Sri
Sabah, Flat Seri Pulau
Pinang (Block 1 and Block
13), PA Sri Melaka (Block
26, Block 12, Block 6,
Block 4, East and West)
and Flat Sri Johor (Block 3,
Block 13 and Block 29).
Figure 4 depicts the
alignment and stops.

Figure 4: Parrot Green Line alignments and stops

pg. 3
b) Grey Line

The Grey runs through Maluri and Bandar Tun Razak. The Grey Line begins at MRT
Maluri (Gate D). and ends at Sunway Velocity Residence. Full loops last 90 minutes
during peak hours and 60 minutes during non-peak hours. There is one (1) GoKL
Exchange Hub at SMK Seri Tasik and three (3) MRT exchanges at MRT Maluri (Gate
B and Gate D) and MRT Cochrane.

The Grey Line is

more focusing on points of
attractions such as UKM
Medical Centre (HUKM),
Sunway Velocity,
International Youth Centre,
Cheras Health Clinic,
Cheras Swimming Club
and KL Football Stadium.
Nonetheless, a few Public
Housing and Low Cost
Housing stops include Flat
Sri Labuan and Flat Sri
Sabah. The alignment and
stops are depicted in
Figure 5.

Figure 5: Grey Line alignments and stops

pg. 4
4.0 Decision Making Process for GoKL Bus by DBKL
Mrs Rahayu and her dedicated team must go through several decision making
processes for this project's proposal, implementation, and post-implementation. The
brief decision making process for this project as below:

1. Identify the Issue: There are no

GoKL services in the Bandar Tun
Razak Parliament. There are many
PA and PPR in this area

2. Gather information:
Questionnaires, Focus Group
Discussion (FGD)

3. Generate alternatives: For the

parrot green and grey lines, two (2)
alternatives have been proposed.

4. Evaluate and prepare best option:

The Mayor and top management
have been presented with all
alternatives. Top management and
the Mayor have selected the best
option for each line.

5. Implementation: Project
commence on November 2021.

6. Receiving feedback on
implementation: A questionnaire
with a QR code was placed inside
the bus to collect feedback from
users. The outcome research retreat
was held in order to improve the
project.
* Detailed decision making process by DBKL will discuss in later chapter.

pg. 5
GoKL Bus route are determine using mixed method combination of qualitative and
quantitative.
a) Data Collection by Questionnaires & Focus Group Discussion
Public perception are gather using questionnaires to know the demand and supply for
public transportation in the study area of Bandar Tun Razak. Other valuable date for
this analysis are gather using focus group discussion (FGD) which involve resident
association (RA) around Bandar Tun Razak, Joint Management Board (JMB) around
Bandar Tun Razak , stakeholders and the community representative. The detail who
are involve in this FGD currently undisclosed by DBKL.

Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

The study has been conducted from 16 Mei 2021 using Google Form for about two (2)
months until end of August 2021. Around 297 respondent from Bandar Tun Razak area
have given their feedbacks and suggestion on GoKL Bus.
Next pages will shows the outcome from the survey.

pg. 6
1 of 4: Figure 6: Survey Feedbacks from Bandar Tun Razak – Personal Information

Source: BTR GoKL Bus Survey, Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 7
2 of 4: Figure 7: Survey Feedbacks from Bandar Tun Razak – Population and Demographics

Source: BTR GoKL Bus Survey, Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 8
3 of 4: Figure 8: Survey Feedbacks from Bandar Tun Razak – Feedbacks for Current GOKL Services

Source: BTR GoKL Bus Survey, Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 9
4 of 4: Figure 9: Survey Feedbacks from Bandar Tun Razak – Suggestion from Respondent

Source: BTR GoKL Bus Survey, Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 10
b) Sieving Analysis + SWOT Analysis
Sieving analysis are method used by overlapping several criteria or attribute such is
facilities, area, housing, road, drainage, open spaces and others. It is use to make the
proposed area meet all the criteria and requirement set. The proposed route and
alignment for Bandar Tun Razak GoKL Bus are based on sieving analysis based on
criteria as listed;
i. High density housing area
ii. Focusing on B40 area
iii. Low Cost Housing (PPR) and Council Homes (PA)
iv. Connected to other transit system mainly LRT and MRT

By using this sieving method, Kuala Lumpur City Council has come out with four (4)
proposed route for Bandar Tun Razak that all meet the criteria stated above. Every
alignment also DBKL has evaluate using SWOT analysis which identify the Pros and
Cons of each route. The proposed route are;

1. BTR1: MRT Cochrane Bandar Tun Razak (figure 10)

2. BTR2: Terminal Maluri Bandar Sri Permaisuri (figure 11)
3. BTR3: MRT Cochrane Taman Ikan Emas (figure 12)
4. BTR4: LRT Cheras Bandar Tun Razak (figure 13)

pg. 11
Figure 10: BTR1: MRT COCHRANE BANDAR TUN RAZAK

CONS
PROS
Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 12
Figure 11: BTR2: TERMINAL MALURI BANDAR SRI PERMAISURI

CONS
PROS
Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 13
Figure 12: BTR3: MRT COCHRANE TAMAN IKAN EMAS

CONS
PROS
Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 14
Figure 13: BTR4: LRT CHERAS BANDAR TUN RAZAK

CONS
PROS
Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 15
c) Cost Benefits Analysis
Based on the interview done with Mrs.
Rahayu, DBKL use Cost Benefits
Analysis to calculate the demand and
supply compare to cost to operate the
bus per kilometer. The formula use are
(Trip X Length (km) X RM).

The detailed analysis of this study is

embargo, hence the Department of City
Transport, Kuala Lumpur City Hall
unable to disclose this data.

From the interview, this analysis

conducted with consideration of item
below; Source: Kuala Kumpur City Hall (DBKL), 2021
1. Cost to operate per/km which
include emolument, diesel/ electric consumption, maintenance, etc;
2. Length of the Route;
3. Area Coverage;
4. Population Coverage;
5. Time taken to complete the loop;
6. Numbers of stops;
7. Numbers of stops with connection to others transportation modes;
8. Land Use Coverages which include high density housing area, public facilities,
commercial area, and others

From the Cost Benefits Analysis done, Kuala Lumpur City Hall has has combined (4)
proposed route to only two (2) with the most cost effective and most efficient in term of
costing, time travel and demand. BTR1 and BTR2 are combined, whereas BTR3 and
BTR4 are also combined.
The Kuala Lumpur Mayor and DBKL Top Management collectively have chosen
Alternative 1 as the go to option base on these criteria;
1. This route covers all five (5) focus area within Bandar Tun Razak;
2. 80% of the route are mirror which leads to time and cost efficient between the
stops.
a. This will help user to use the same bus go and forth which create higher
ridership with shorter distance of the loop.
b. The cost payed to the bus operator are based on the distance not the
ridership. Hence, shorter the distance lower the cost;
3. Two (2) intersection between the other route and transit hub; and
4. Projected to be higher ridership due to direct access to major transit hub and
commercial area.
The map for this two (2) alternative as shown in the diagram.

pg. 16
Below are the two (2) Final Alternative route for Bandar Tun Razak GoKL Bus;

ALTERNATIVE 1 ALTERNATIVE 2

Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 17
5.0 Monitoring Phasing using Outcome Assessment
To provide better and improve the public transport system in Kuala Lumpur area, DBKL under
Department of City Transport, Kuala Lumpur City Hall has done monitoring and outcome
assessment to assess on the ridership and demand from the public. This will increase the
understanding the behaviour of the people and their needs for future improvement.
The assessment are using public perception via questionnaire to the existing rider of GoKL
Bus. The questionnaires as below;

Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

From this feedbacks, DBKL has taken into consideration to improve the system which with
then attract more ridership to used public transportation. The example of improvement as
below;

Source: Kuala Lumpur City Hall, DBKL, 2021

pg. 18
6.0 Critique on Decision Making
Mrs Rahayu and her team have used a variety of decision-making processes, methods and
techniques to complete this project. This project is quite complicated and requires a lengthy
process. All stakeholders, including the DBKL internal department, the Ministry of Federal
Territory, the Land Public Transport Agency (APAD), GoKL existing users, the public and
others, were involved in the decision-making process. The team collects a large amount of
information and data through questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGD).

All route selection criteria, such as high density residential areas, preference for the
B40 demographic, public housing (PA) and low-cost housing (PPR) and connectivity to nearby
transit system stations, were taken into account during data analysis. However, for future
enhancements, it is preferable to consider developing weightage for each requirement. For
example, cost weightage is greater than bus type. This is because Kuala Lumpur City Hall will
prioritise the lowest and most efficient cost compared for the type of bus to be used. As a
result of the developed weightage, they can more easily identify the priority in the decision-
making process.

Mrs Rahayu and Kuala Lumpur City Hall use monitoring phasing using outcome
assessment, which is an excellent practise. Following the implementation phase, they can
look for ways to improve their current services. Questionnaires with QR codes have been
placed inside the bus so that passengers can provide feedback on the services. To analyse
all of the feedback, DBKL held an outcome assessment retreat. There have been
improvements made, such as the proposed covered walkway for the user. However, for future
improvements, DBKL may conduct more promotion, such as through its website and
newspaper, in order to reach more citizens and gather more feedback for future
improvements.

7.0 Conclusion
GoKL is an important public transportation system in Kuala Lumpur that serves as the First
and Last Mile. It not only attracts tourists to visit Kuala Lumpur by providing sustainable and
efficient public transportation, but it also benefits the citizens, particularly those in the B40
area, because it is free of charge. Decision making is critical in order to empower them and
ensure that they benefit from the services. A large amount of data was collected through
questionnaires and engagement to ensure that the best alternatives were provided to the
Mayor and Top Management in selecting the best alternatives for the city. Following
implementation, it is critical to monitor the process for improvement in order to improve the
service provided to citizens.

pg. 19
8.0 References
Bougouffa, I., & Permana, A. S. (2017, October 23). A study on the linkages between
residential satisfaction and the overall quality of life in Bandar Tun Razak area of Kuala
Lumpur City, Malaysia - applied research in quality of life. SpringerLink. Retrieved
February 16, 2023, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11482-017-9570-3

Kuala Lumpur City Hall. (2021). CADANGAN MEMPERLUASKAN PERKHIDMATAN

BAS PERCUMA GOKL BAGI TAHUN 2021 [Slide show].

Kuala Lumpur City Hall. (2021). PEMBENTANGAN CADANGAN LALUAN BAHARU GOKL
KEPADA YBHG DATUK BANDAR [Slide show].

Wafiuddin, M. (n.d.). Bas Elektrik Dan Laluan baharu bas gokl. Portal Rasmi Dewan
Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur. Retrieved February 15, 2023, from
https://www.dbkl.gov.my/bas-elektrik-dan-laluan-baharu-bas-gokl/

What is a benefit-cost analysis (BCA)? U.S. Department of Transportation. (n.d.). Retrieved

February 15, 2023, from https://www.transportation.gov/grants/dot-navigator/what-is-a-
benefit-cost-analysis

Wikimedia Foundation. (2023, February 9). Go KL City Bus. Wikipedia. Retrieved February
15, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_KL_City_Bus

pg. 20