Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN

LOLOMBOY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING 12

Testing Electronic Components

(Part 1)
ACTIVITY SHEET

NAME: ___________________________________________________

GRADE AND SECTION: ____________________________________________________

DATE OF SUBMISSION: ___________________________________________________

 I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in
terminating and connecting electrical wiring and electronics circuits
B.Performance Standards:
The learner shall be able to demonstrate proper termination and connection
of electrical wiring and electronics circuits.
MELCs: Testing Electronic Components
Specific Objectives:
1. Determine criteria for testing electronic components [TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVa- c-
24],
2. Plan an approach for components testing [TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVc-e-25]

II. CONTENT

Lesson 4- TESTING ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS (Part 1)

III. PROCEDURES:

A. Preliminary Activities

Test I: Matching Type

Match the components in column A with its schematic symbol in column B
Column A Column B
Actual Component Component Symbol

A.
1.

2. B.

C.
3.

D.
4.
 E.
5.

6. F.

7. G.

H.
8.

I.
9.

J.
10.

Test II: Multiple Choice

Write only the letter that correspond to your answer
 11. Which of the following component does not belong to the group?
a. Resistor c. Transistor
b. Capacitor d. inductor

12. Resistor : Ohms ; Capacitor :

a. watts c. volts
b. farad d. ampere

13. In testing, to acquire an accurate result, the component tested must be

a. mounted on the circuit board c. taken out from the circuit board
b. mounted on the board and energized d. all of the above

14. This is a troubleshooting step where a technician must collect as much information
about the system, the circuit, and the components used.
a. component testing c. diagnosing
b. repairing d. isolating defective component

15. Good troubleshooting is

a. a matter of luck c. begun by measuring all voltages
b. a logical and orderly procedure d. always done with the power off

2. Reviewing Previous Lesson:

Multi-tester a measuring instrument with multiple functions; an ohmmeter,

 voltmeter, and ammeter

Troubleshooting the process of locating and diagnosing malfunctions or breakdown

in equipment by means of systematic checking or analysis.

Fault a problem or bad part that prevents something (e.g. circuit) from functioning
well as it is expected

Open a defect that occur in a component where there is no continuous flow of electric
current

Shorted a defect developed in component where there is an excessive flow of electric

current

Analog relating to a device or process in which data is represented by physical

quantities that change continuously

Digital relating to information that is stored in the form of the number 0 and 1 or
called binary numbers

B. Presenting the new lesson

Motivation:
Each device has its own purpose, it helps a lot to finish our task in a shorter
time and make our life easier. Often, we use it and in some instances it fails to
function. A defective device affects our work and sometimes it can cause injury.
In order to bring back the usability of the device it needs to be tested to determine
the problem in order to fix it. In this module, learners will learn how to test
electronic components, familiarize the tools needed to test the components as well
as the safety in conducting the test.

ABSTRACTION
In your previous lessons, you were taught how to terminate and connect
electronics circuit. Due to frequent use of our devices, it is not avoidable that
something not good will happen to some components or parts of our device. As part
of testing of functionality of a device/equipment, we will review first the different
component symbols used in schematic diagrams.

Common Components and their Schematic Symbols

Name/Description Actual Component Schematic Symbol

 (a)

Resistor

Fixed resistors (a) carbon

composition resistor (b)
wirewound resistor
b)

Non Polarized Capacitor

Common types are Mylar

and Ceramic

Electrolytic Capacitor
It is polarized type of
capacitor

Rectifier Diode

Used primarily in
converting AC to DC

Light Emitting Diode

Emits light when current
flow through it

Transformer
Usually these is a step
down Power transformer

Inductor
A coil of wire
 NPN Transistor
The three leads are: base,
emitter and collector

PNP Transistor

Integrated Circuit (IC)

Composed of resistors,
diodes and transistors in a
package

Speaker
An audio output device

Relay Switch
Electrically controlled
switch

An effective electronics technician or troubleshooter must have a thorough

knowledge of electronics, test equipment, troubleshooting techniques, and
equipment repair. Analog and digital circuits occasionally fail, and in most cases a
technician is required to quickly locate the problem within the system and then make
the repair. The procedure for fixing a failure can be broken down into three basic
steps.

Step 1: DIAGNOSE

The first step is to determine whether a problem really exists. To carry out this step,
a technician must collect as much information about the system, the circuit, and the
components used, and then diagnose the problem.

Step 2: ISOLATE

The second step is to apply a logical and sequential reasoning process to isolate the
problem. In this step, a technician will operate, observe, test, and apply
troubleshooting techniques in order to isolate the malfunction.

Step 3: REPAIR

The third and final step is to make the actual repair and final test the circuit. To
troubleshoot, you will need a thorough knowledge of troubleshooting techniques, a
very good understanding of test equipment, documentation in the form of technical
and service manuals, and experience.

Basic Measuring and Test Equipment

A variety of test equipment is available to help you troubleshoot analog or digital

circuits and systems. Some are standard, such as the Multi-tester and oscilloscope,
which can be used for either analog or digital circuits. Other test instruments, such
as the logic clip, logic probe, logic pulser, and current tracer, have been designed
specifically to test digital logic circuits.

The Analog Multi-tester

The analog Multi-tester, also known as a VOM (volt-

ohm-milliammeter), is an electronic measuring
instrument that combines several measurement
functions in one unit. A typical multimeter can
measure voltage, current, and resistance.

The Digital Multimeter

A digital multimeter is a test tool used to measure

two or more electrical values—principally voltage
(volts), current (amps) and resistance (ohms). It is
a standard diagnostic tool for technicians in the
electrical/electronic industries.
Oscilloscope

Oscilloscopes, or scopes are an important tool of

an electronics engineer or tester. An oscilloscope is
an item of electronics test equipment that enables
waveforms to be seen and in this way makes it very
much easier to see any problems occurring in an
electronics circuit.

Component Substitution

In many cases it is possible to replace a failed component with an exact replacement.

The use of "exact" is often critical. Unfortunately, there are times when an exact
replacement is unavailable. This is particularly true if the equipment is old or
imported. In such cases you may have no choice but to substitute with a close rather
than exact replacement. This is permissible in many cases, provided that several
important factors are kept in mind.

This should be equal to or greater than that of the original component. In the case of
test and measuring instruments, capacitors should not only be close-tolerance types
but should also be high-stability components. As with resistors, if the capacitors
used here change with age or temperature, the instrument will become unreliable.

a. Transformer
Replacement should have the same turns ratio, voltage/current ratio and rating as
the original component. The power rating (VA) and frequency range are also
important.

b. Transistor
Transistor substitution is fairly common, particularly with lower cost equipment. In
some cases you may have a choice between a numbers of different transistors. At
other times the replacement must be exact.

c. Resistors
Be sure that the replacement component has the same power rating and resistance
value. Its tolerance must be at least as good, and can be better.

d. Capacitors
Ensure that the replacement component has the same capacitance value as that of
the original, and that its tolerance is the same or better. The working voltage rating
must also be the same or better (greater).
e. Other Components
The same considerations apply to other types of components (diodes, fuses, speakers, etc.).
In every case, it is necessary to proceed with caution, and to be sure that the replacement is
correctly rated.

Datasheet

A datasheet, data-sheet, or specification sheet is a document that summarizes the

performance and other characteristics of a product, machine, component (e.g., an electronic
component), material, subsystem (e.g., a power supply), or software in sufficient detail that
allows a buyer to understand what the product is and a design engineer to understand the
role of the component in the overall system. In component substitution, it’s safer and reliable
to consult the specifications of certain component.

Sample datasheet

https://intranet.ctism.ufsm.br/gsec/Datasheets/IRF740.PDF
C. INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES (Formative)
ACTIVITY A:

Answer the following in your test notebook.

A. Explain how to use a Multi-tester in troubleshooting and testing works.

B. Based on the sample datasheet, what is the name of the component shown?

C. Cite at least three specifications or characteristics of this component.

D. Draw the schematic symbol of the component shown in the datasheet.

ACTIVITY B:

Activity 2
Identify the different electronic components found in the picture.

Figure 2: https://www.uchobby.com/index.php/2007/0 1

C. INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES:
3. ACTIVITY C
 Write/Draw your answer in your test notebook

1. Explain the three basic steps in troubleshooting and repair of electronic circuits.

2. Based on the circuit board in figure 2, draw the schematic symbols of the numbered
components.

ACTIVITY D:

Find any defective electrical or electronic appliance in your home (e.g. computer,
radio, TV, cassette, karaoke, rice cooker, etc.). Identify what appliance you have.
Open it and try to inspect the internal parts of this. Enumerate and describe the
components you found inside.
Explain how this appliance function before it was damage.
In your own opinion what was the cause of the damage of this appliance?

A. GENERALIZATION

What are your significant learnings in this lesson?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

IV. ASSESSMENT (Post Test)

Matching type:
Match the different components in column A with their schematic symbol in column
B. write only the letter that correspond to your answer.

Column A Column B
Actual Component Component Symbol

A.
1.

2. B.

C.
3.
 D.
4.

E.
5.

6. F.

7. G.

H.

8.

I.
9.

J.
10.

Test II: Multiple Choice

Write only the letter that correspond to your answer
11. Good troubleshooting is
a. a matter of luck c. begun by measuring all voltages
b. logical and orderly procedure d. always done with the power off

12. Which of the following component does not belong to the group?
a. Resistor c. Transistor
b. Capacitor d. inductor

13. Resistor : Ohms ; Capacitor :

a. watts c. volts
b. farad d. ampere

14. This is a troubleshooting step where a technician must collect as much information about the
system, the circuit, and the components used.
a. component testing c. diagnosing
b. repairing d. isolating defective component

15. In testing, to acquire an accurate result, the component tested must be

a. mounted on the circuit board c. taken out from the circuit board
b. mounted on the board and energized d. all of the above
 References:

Nigel P. Cook Electronics a Complete Course 2nd Ed.

Marcelo T. Enriquez Electronics Technology IV

https://www.dreamstime.com/close-up-electronic-circuit-board-isolated-
white-background-close-up-electronic-circuit-board-isolated-white-
image172996845
https://www.dreamstime.com/close-up-electronic-components-desktop-
computer-motherboard-close-up-electronic-components-desktop-computer-
image172994526

https://intranet.ctism.ufsm.br/gsec/Datasheets/IRF740.PDF

pg. 17
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