CSI sees the third volume of the construction site: construction emergency repairs "wrong

stoppage in the construction process, missing repairs after the completion of the project, defect
remediation of acceptance and handover"

• Author: Wang Yu Follow the author Introduction of new functions

• Publisher: Zhan's Subscribe to Publisher's New Book Alert New Feature Introduction

• Publication date: 2018/07/16

• Language: Traditional Chinese

• Price: 700 yuan

• Preferential price: 5% off 665 yuan

brief introduction

The ability to "never repeat the same mistakes" is as important as the correct construction!

The cause of the defect-

●Construction surface ▎Construction not in accordance with specifications/Construction not in

accordance with diagrams/Quality control not implemented/Insufficient safety protection for
personnel/Improper operation of machinery and tools/Neglect caused by rushing to
work/Failure to respond to the influence of weather on construction conditions

Related parties: construction site director, site engineer, quality control and security personnel

●Design aspect ▎Not fully evaluating the construction conditions/not fully evaluating the
current situation of the base/unapproved construction drawings/unexamined construction
plans/changing the design for customer needs/imperfect structural design

Related parties: architects, professional technicians, site directors

●Material surface ▎Material quality defects/improper storage or deployment after entering the
site/wrong application method

Related parties: material manufacturers, construction units

●Maintenance surface ▎Improper use or destruction of facilities/lack of regular maintenance

and long-term maintenance plan
Related parties: customer service supervisor, property management unit, management
committee

Features of this book

Completed 259 constructions with frequent missing

☆ Comprehensive analysis of multiple construction interface factors, directly revealing

deficiencies

☆ Not only repairs, but also anti-fraud methods to prevent viewpoints

☆ First-hand on-site experience, strive to be detailed with illustrations and real photos

Table of contents

Column Master the missing state and the key points of repair

Index Common Missing Nouns for Construction Engineering

Basic engineering

1. Diaphragm wall engineering

1. Collapse during trench excavation

2. The guide wall is damaged or deformed

3. Damage, displacement or loss of the covering plate of the opening of the guide ditch

4. After the spoil pit is dug, the water accumulates or the wall collapses

5. Damage to the pavement

6. The excavator is clamped in the trench

7. The trench collapsed during excavation

8. It is difficult for the reinforcement cage to be inserted into the groove

9. Deformation or damage occurs when the steel cage is hoisted

10. The special dense pipe clip is clamped in the concrete

11. The special dense tube is drawn too fast

12. A slurry leakage event occurred in the parent unit

13. Continuous wall leakage

14. Grout leakage at the end plate when the parent unit is pouring concrete

15. The reinforcement cage floats or moves when pouring concrete

16. Mud or holes appear on the continuous wall

17. The continuous wall body has a big belly phenomenon

18. Exposed steel bars appear in the continuous wall

19. Excessive deflection of the continuous wall

Correct Diaphragm Wall Construction Process

The key points of the construction of the hypothetical project of the diaphragm wall

Key points of continuous wall construction

2. Soil retaining pile engineering

20. Collapse of pile hole wall

21. The drilling machine cannot drill the hole

22. The reinforcement cage cannot be hoisted to the position

23. When the concrete is poured, the reinforcement cage floats up

24. Mud wrapping or broken piles occur in row piles

25. The phenomenon of honeycomb and exposed steel bars in the pile body

26. Water seepage occurs in the pile row gap

27. The position of the pile core is not on the original measured pile core connection line

28. Pile rows are skewed

The correct construction process of soil retaining piles

Key points of soil retaining pile construction

3. Safety support engineering

29. The horizontal support exceeds the allowable axial load

30. The support system is unstable

31. Improper erection of the support system causes deformation of the retaining wall
32. Collapse of safety support

33. Deformation or displacement of steel beams and columns

34. Cracks appear in the welds of the middle column or gantry column

35. The construction platform shakes obviously

36. Uneven subsidence of the construction platform

37. The phenomenon of loosening and displacement of the cladding sheet of the construction
platform

38. The railing of the construction platform is missing

39. An electric shock incident occurred in the safety support operation

40. Incidents of personnel and objects falling

41. The occurrence of steel shedding incidents

Correct safety support erection process

The correct safety support removal process

Key points of safe support construction

4. Earthwork excavation works

42. Piping occurs in the retaining wall

43. Sand surge occurs during earthwork excavation

44. The site uplift occurs during earthwork excavation

45. Liquefaction occurs during earthwork excavation

46. The structure appears to float

47. Subsidence during earthwork excavation

48. Earthwork excavation collapses

49. Over-excavation in earthwork excavation

50. A large amount of water accumulated on the excavation surface of the earthwork

51. Environmental pollution caused by machinery and vehicles

52. Overturning of construction machinery

53. Falling incident of personnel and equipment

Correct earthwork excavation construction process

Key points of earthwork excavation construction

Structural & Assumption Engineering

5. Reinforcement works

54. Floating rust, dirt or concrete residue on the surface of the steel bar

55. Rebar reinforcement does not match the construction drawing

56. Wrong order of steel bar binding

57. Spacing between steel bars is too dense

58. Openings, corners, and reinforcing steel bars passing through beams are wrong

59. Rebar lap error

60. The steel bar at the discontinuous end of the beam and column is not anchored with hooks

61. Wrong binding of steel bar anchor hooks at discontinuous ends of beams

62. Wrong binding of beam and column stirrups

63. Wrong binding of stirrups in the beam-column joint area

64. Wrong binding of steel bars at the junction of large and small beams

65. Erroneous installation of the main reinforcement bar connector of the column

66. After setting out the structure, it is found that the position of the wall column reinforcement
is offset

67. Lack of steel reinforcement reserved for walls or railings

68. The pipeline in the floor is buried incorrectly

69. The pipeline is arranged on the outside of the wall column reinforcement

70. Cut off column hoops and tie bars to install pipelines

71. Common deficiencies in stair reinforcement work

72. On-site cutting or bending steel bars with oxyacetylene

Correct raft foundation reinforcement binding process

The correct floor reinforcement binding process

Key points of steel bar binding

6. Template engineering

73. Template collapse event

74. Wall formwork floats up during concrete pouring

75. Explosion occurs in the formwork

76. Poor setting of template support or diagonal brace

77. Slurry leakage occurs in the formwork

78. The finish surface of the clear water formwork is not good

79. Wall thickness is uneven or not vertical

80. Use of degraded or damaged formwork

81. After the formwork is removed, the formwork is not sorted and reused

82. The wall column formwork does not leave a clean opening

83. Smudges appear on the concrete surface after form removal

84. Poor setting of iron spacers or screw ties on wall columns

85. No reserved pipelines or pre-embedded objects are set

86. Drilling the pipeline when the tie screw is drilling

Correct raft foundation formwork assembly process

The correct floor template assembly process

The key points of formwork engineering

7. Concrete engineering

87. Concrete pouring without protection in case of rain

88. Adding water to concrete reduces compressive strength

89. Pipe burst or plugged in concrete transportation

90. Honeycombs appear on the structural surface after the concrete formwork is removed

91. Honeycombs appear at the bottom of the wall and column after the concrete formwork is
removed

92. Pimples appear after the concrete formwork is removed

93. Cold seams appear in concrete formwork removal

94. There are cracks or cracks in the cured concrete after pouring
95. The finished surface of concrete pouring is not smooth

96. Spalling of concrete to expose steel bars

97. The edges and corners of beams, columns and walls are damaged and fall off

98. There is laitance on the concrete surface

99. Inclusion residues on the concrete surface after formwork removal

100. Cracks appear in the raft foundation concrete

101. The concrete finish surface of the inclined floor slab is poor

102. Poor setting of construction joints

103. The strength of the concrete compressive test is not up to the standard

The correct concrete pouring process

Key points of concrete pouring

8. Scaffolding project

104. Scaffold base is unstable

105. The scaffolding is unstable or collapsed during construction

106. Deformation or buckling of scaffolding may cause collapse

107. Scaffold removal is unstable or collapsed

108. Falling incidents during scaffolding erection or dismantling

109. The scaffolding is unstable or collapsed during the operation of the external wall

110. A falling incident occurred during the external wall operation

111. The looseness or deformation of the triangular bracket affects the stability of the scaffold

112. Cross tie rods and lower rails are loose or improperly removed

113. The anti-fall net between layers is damaged or removed

114. Dust nets and canvases are loose or damaged

The correct scaffolding construction process

Proper Scaffold Removal Process

Key points of scaffolding work

Renovation
9. Cement painting project

115. White bloom phenomenon appears on the smooth surface of cement powder

116. Hollowing occurs on the smooth surface of cement powder

117. Cracks appear on the smooth surface of cement powder

118. Mortar loosening occurs on the smooth surface of cement powder

119. Rough or peeling paint at the yin and yang corners

120. There are traces of trowel on the smooth surface of cement powder

121. Sanding occurs on the smooth surface of cement powder

122. Waves or small hard particles appear on the smooth surface of cement powder

123. Incomplete painting around the outlet box panel

The correct cement painting process

Key points of cement painting

10. Laying tile project

124. Wall tiles bulge or fall off

125. The surface of the tile is scratched or damaged

126. Cracks appear on the surface of the tiles

127. White flowers appear on the surface of tiles

128. Tiles covered with black spots or dirt

129. Tiled veneer is messy and unsightly

130. Uneven tile paving

131. Water accumulation or leakage on the window sill of tiles

132. Cracks at the corners of the inner wall bricks

133. The external wall tiles are damaged or wrongly laid at the corners of the bricks

134. There is a color difference on the finished surface of tile paving

135. Floor drainage is not smooth

136. The appearance of the water and electricity pipes passing through the wall bricks is messy

137. Floor tiles are bulging or falling off

138. The floor tiles bulge or loosen beside the expansion joints

139. Poor construction of the waterway plugging outside the door and window frame

The correct process of laying tiles

Key points of laying and laying tiles

11. Light compartment project

140. Light compartment material damage after entry

141. Grout burst during grouting in light compartment

142. Water leakage from the bottom of the wall or threshold of the light compartment

143. The wall surface of the light compartment is uneven due to construction

144. Cracks appear on the wall of the light compartment

145. Damage to light compartment wall panels

146. Cracks or loosening of light compartment plates

147. Items hanging on the wall of the light compartment are loose

148. The sealing plate of the light compartment does not reach the top

The correct light compartment construction process

Key points of light compartment construction

12. Paint works

149. Cracks on the painted surface

150. The phenomenon of vertical flow on the painted surface

151. Chalking or peeling off of the painted surface

152. Air bubbles appear on the paint surface

153. Striped brush marks, orange peel or unevenness appear on the painted surface

154. Fading of paint surface

155. Chromatic aberration in paint repair range

156. Stains appear on the painted surface

157. Particles appear on the paint surface or rough touch

158. Fogging or whitening of the painted surface

159. Moss or mildew appears on the painted surface

160. Dust on the painted surface

161. After painting, the paint surface is not easy to dry or sticks back

162. There are bubbles or cracks on the wood paint surface

163. Dark spots or dark spots appear on the woodwork paint surface

164. Wood lacquer paint peeling off

165. Wooden lacquer surface loses luster

166. Rough state of wood paint surface

167. Cracking or peeling off of metal surface paint

168. Wrinkling or drooping of metal surface paint

The correct paint application process

The key points of painting

13. Flat roof project

169. Leakage above the flat roof of the ceiling

170. Water stains or mildew on ceiling flat roof slabs

171. Cracks or discoloration of ceiling flat-top slabs

172. Deformation, damage or fracture of the ceiling flat roof frame

173. There is a gap at the edge of the metal edge strip

174. Cracks occur on the edge of the plate ceiling flat top

175. Cracks appear on the plate ceiling flat top

176. Wooden ceiling flat top plate is loose

177. Ceiling flat roof slabs are not installed symmetrically

178. Rust marks appear on the flat top of the metal ceiling

179. Wrong installation of electric wires in ceiling flat roof

180. The curtain box cannot be installed with curtains

181. Improper setting of inspection holes

182. Insufficient flat ceiling height

The correct flat roof installation process

Key points of flat roof installation

14. Stone engineering

183. The stone surface is polluted

184. Water spots appear on the stone surface

185. White flowers ooze from stone joints

186. Baihua Seeps from the Bottom of the Wall and Pillar

187. Yellow spots appear on the stone surface

188. Rust spots appear on the surface of the stone

189. Cracks and scratches on the stone surface

190. Moss grows on stone surface

191. Water seepage through gaps in dry-hanging walls

192. Wet laying and wall stone loosening

193. Bad gaps between stone flakes

194. Uneven stone floor

195. Empty drums appear on the stone floor

196. Water accumulation at the entrance of the elevator door

197. Danger due to slippery stone floors

198. Mosaic stone patterns are not aligned

199. Lesions caused by wax scale on the surface of stone

The correct stone laying process

Key points of stone laying and hanging

15. Waterproof engineering

200. Water leakage occurs on the wall

201. Water leakage from basement roof

202. Water seepage of basement raft base plate

203. Leakage in the double wall of the basement

204. Leakage of water from the bottom plate of the cistern

205. Groundwater infiltrates from the place where the outer pipe penetrates

206. Water accumulation in elevator machine pit or mechanical parking pit

207. Rainwater infiltrates from the corners of door and window frames or cracks in walls

208. Rain water infiltrates from the edges of doors and windows

209. Water leakage occurs in interlayer seams

210. Water leakage from the flower bed

211. Rainwater Seeps Into the Room from the Balcony

212. Water leakage from the corner of the railing

213. Water leakage from the bottom of the roof parapet

214. Rainwater spilled into roof overhang stairwell

215. Water leaks from the vent pipe passing through the roof

216. Leakage at the outlet of roof pipes

217. Water accumulation or seepage in platform and falling water cover

218.P U Bubbles and pinholes appear in the waterproof layer

219. Condensation and dripping on indoor wall or glass

The correct waterproof coating process

Key points of waterproof coating

Window & Glass Works

16. Metal doors and windows engineering

220. The sound insulation effect of glass doors and windows is not good

221. Rainwater infiltrated into the room from the door and window frames

222. Metal door and window frame installed skewed

223. Distortion and deformation of metal door and window frame materials

224. Pollution and scratches on the surface of metal door and window frames

225. The switch of metal doors and windows is not smooth

226. Malfunction of metal door and window screens

227. The automatic opening and closing of the fire door is not smooth
228. Deformation or sagging of fire door leaves

229. Scratches and corrosion on the surface of the fire door

230. The roof escape door is damaged and cannot be sealed

231. Roof escape door locks occupants on the platform

232. The sound is too loud when the metal rolling door is rolled

233. The surface of the metal rolling door is peeled off, corroded or deformed

234. Metal rolling door circuit equipment failure

235. The lifting and lowering of the metal rolling door is abnormal

The correct installation process of metal doors and windows

The focus of the installation of metal doors and windows

17. Wooden door engineering

236. Wooden door frame warping and deformation

237. Wooden door frame displacement

238. Cracks or holes in the wooden door frame

239. There are scratches on the surface of the wooden door

240. Distortion and deformation of wooden door leaves

241. Wooden door leaf droops or slides open automatically

242. The surface of the wooden door is polluted or damaged

243. The surface paint of the wooden door is wrinkled or peeled off

244. The key cannot be pulled out after being inserted into the door lock

245. The key is inserted into the door lock and the rotation is not smooth

246. Door lock shaking or loosening

247. Cracks between the door frame and the wall surface

The correct wooden door installation process

Key points of wooden door installation

18. Glass engineering

248. Damage caused by poor storage of glass

249. Defects of glass edge cracks or breakage

250. There are scratches on the glass surface

251. Water leakage from the edges of glass and door and window frames

252. Bad gaskets are used in the glass groove to damage the glass

253. Glass damaged by strong wind

254. The sound insulation effect of glass doors and windows is not good

255. Degumming or blistering of laminated glass

256. The double-layer (hollow) glass has fogging or condensation

257. Damage to heat-reflecting glass coating

258. The glass of the lighting cover is broken

259. Mistakes in glass washing holes lead to damage to scars

The correct glass installation process

Key points of glass installation

take back

sequence

Author's Preface

Planning to release six books in the series "CSI Seeing Construction Sites", the third volume
"Construction Contingency Repairs" is published this time. The content mainly introduces the
causes of defects, repair methods and preventive measures during or after construction.

When the building enters the after-sales service and warranty stage after completion, the
construction unit is often exhausted due to the defects of the building. During the review with
the customer service department, it was found that most of the defects were caused by
inattention or negligence during construction. If the supervisors can pay more attention during
the construction stage, the problems can be reduced, and the manpower and cost of
maintenance after the event can also be reduced. However, The on-site supervisors are busy
with work every day, and it is inevitable that they are sometimes negligent. There is no need to
blame them, just care and encourage them.
This book lists a total of 259 deficiencies, each of which points out the four directions of the
cause, inspection method, repair method, and preventive work. Check all the reasons suggested
in the book once to find out the real reason.

The book consists of eighteen chapters, which are described as follows:

1. Chapters 1 to 4 belong to basic engineering. Problems in this part usually occur in the
construction stage, and the follow-up impact is huge, so special precautions should be taken.
The header part is separated by blue.

2. Chapters 5 to 8 belong to structural engineering. Most of the problems occur in the

construction stage and can be improved immediately. The headers are separated by orange.

3. Chapters 9 to 15 belong to interior and exterior decoration projects. Most of the problems
gradually appeared after the completion of the project. Careful construction is the key to
prevent defects. The header part is separated by green.

4. Chapters 16 to 18 belong to the door and window project. Most of the problems occurred
after the completion of the project, so protective measures are indispensable. The book headers
are separated by purple.

There must be many missing problems during and after the construction of the building. This
book tries to collect and analyze personal experience, company information, third-party
suppliers and other channels. It is still impossible to include all the problems that occur, but the
concept of prevention is more important than cure It is very important. I hope that construction
workers can make full use of various control tables and checklists (to be listed in Volume 4)
when performing supervision tasks on site, and try their best to prevent problems from
occurring.

Wang Ji, July 107, Republic of China