6.

2 paper 1 [25 marks]

1. What is a property of arteries? [1 mark]

A. Arteries have elastic walls.
B. Arteries have valves.
C. All arteries carry oxygenated blood.
D. Arteries receive blood from the atria.

2. What blood flow does the right semilunar valve prevent? [1 mark]
A. Backflow of blood to the right atrium during ventricular contraction
B. Blood flowing from the aorta back into the heart when the ventricle is filling
C. Blood flowing from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle when the heart is
relaxing
D. Blood flowing from the right atrium to the vena cava when the right atrium
contracts

3. The diagram shows changes in pressure in the left atrium, left ventricle [1 mark]
and aorta during a single cardiac cycle. At what point during the cycle
does the atrioventricular valve close?
4. An individual was presented with a stimulus resulting in the release of [1 mark]
epinephrine. What was the most likely nature of the stimulus?
A. Sunset and the onset of darkness
B. An image of a close friend
C. The intake of glucose
D. A coach shouting to begin physical activity

5. What feature of arteries is most important in maintaining sufficiently high [1 mark]

blood pressure?
A. A wide lumen
B. Elastic fibres in the wall
C. Valves at intervals
D. A thin wall
6. The diagram shows the human heart. [1 mark]

[Source: adapted to remove labels and arrows, recoloured and relabelled from
Wapcaplet/
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart_(cropped).svg]

After a red blood cell picks up oxygen in the lungs, which sequence shows the
path it could take when passing through the heart during its circuit of the body?
A. I → II → III → IV
B. II → I → IV → III
C. IV → III → I → II
D. IV → III → II → I

7. Which feature of capillaries distinguishes them from arteries and veins? [1 mark]
A. Narrow diameter
B. Valves to prevent backflow
C. Thick muscular walls
D. Elastic tissue
8. What is an advantage of capillary walls being one cell thick in the [1 mark]
systemic circulation?
A. To allow carbon dioxide to diffuse into tissues
B. To allow oxygen to diffuse out of tissues
C. To allow glucose to diffuse into tissues
D. To allow urea to diffuse into tissues

9. What causes the atrioventricular valves to close during a heartbeat? [1 mark]

A. Pressure in the atria is higher than in the ventricles.
B. Pressure in the atria is lower than in the ventricles.
C. Pressure in the arteries is higher than in the ventricles.
D. Pressure in the arteries is lower than in the ventricles.

10. Which diagram represents blood flow through the mammalian heart? [1 mark]

[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]

11. What observation did William Harvey use as evidence for the circulation [1 mark]
of blood?
A. The ventricles of the heart pump blood out into arteries.
B. Valves ensure unidirectional flow of blood.
C. Capillaries carry blood from arteries to veins.
D. All organs of the body have a separate blood supply.
12. Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart? [1 mark]
A. Aorta
B. Pulmonary artery
C. Vena cava
D. Pulmonary vein

13. When intense physical activity is anticipated, which factor in the blood [1 mark]
will increase the frequency of sinoatrial signals to heart muscle?
A. pH
B. Oxygen level
C. Thyroxin
D. Epinephrine

14. How are fats and cholesterol transported in the blood? [1 mark]
A. As groups of molecules inside vesicles
B. As individual molecules coated in phospholipids
C. As individual molecules bound to a protein
D. As groups of molecules in lipoprotein complexes

15. In which blood vessel connected to the heart does blood have the lowest [1 mark]
carbon dioxide concentration?
A. Pulmonary vein
B. Vena cava
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Coronary vein

16. What helps to keep blood flowing onwards away from the heart in an [1 mark]
artery?
A. Valves
B. Elastic fibres
C. Contraction of skeletal muscles
D. Having a wide lumen
17. What is a feature of the left atrium? [1 mark]
A. Epinephrine decreases its rate of contraction.
B. It contracts as the left ventricle contracts.
C. It receives blood from the left pulmonary artery.
D. Its pressure decreases as the left ventricle fills up.

18. The diagram shows the human heart. [1 mark]

Which shows the sequence of blood flow in the heart?

A. III IV I
B. IV III II
C. VII VIII I
D. VIII VII VI

19. What is the position of heart valves when blood pressure is highest in the [1 mark]
aorta?
20. The diagram shows changes of pressure during the cardiac cycle. [1 mark]

Which is an explanation of the processes happening?

A. During phase I, pressure in the left ventricle decreases while it increases in the
aorta during contraction of the left atrium.
B. In phase II, pressure rises in the aorta because the left ventricle is contracting.
C. In phase III, pressure decreases in the aorta because the left atrium is relaxing.
D. In phase III, there is a constant increase of pressure in the aorta as both left
atrium and ventricle are at rest.

21. Which discovery was an indication that the heart pumps blood to the body[1 mark]
through arteries?
A. The amount of blood pumped exceeds that of blood produced
B. Blood could easily be pushed up a limb vein, but not down
C. The observation that there were pores between the right and left atria
D. The heart swelled up when the arteries were tied in an animal experiment
22. Which is a valid comparison between arteries and veins? [1 mark]

23. What causes heart ventricles to fill with blood? [1 mark]

I. Atrial contraction
II. Closing of atrioventricular valves
III. Opening of semilunar valves
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. III only

24. When the left ventricle is relaxed, what is the state of the valves? [1 mark]
 25. What causes heart ventricles to fill with blood? [1 mark]
I. Atrial contraction
II. Closing of atrio-ventricular valves
III. Opening of semilunar valves
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. III only

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2022

International Baccalaureate® - Baccalauréat International® - Bachillerato Internacional®

Printed for INTL SCH OF

BREDA