GENERAL BIOLOGY 1

1ST SEMESTER, 1ST QUARTER

CELL TWO DISTINCT TYPES OF CELL

is the basic unit

of life.

THE CELL THEORY
1. All living things are made up of cells.
2. Cells are the basic structural unit of all
living organisms.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IN
BIOLOGY
1590s – Hans and Zacharias Janssen invented
the compound optical microscope.
1665 – Robert Hooke observed the cell in a
cork and coined the name cell (latin: cellulae)
meaning little rooms.
PROKARYOTIC CELL
are single-celled microorganisms known to
be the earliest on earth.
Information about Prokaryotes:
- Greek: pro (before), karyon (nucleus)
- Has no nucleus & membrane-bound organelles.
- Circular DNA (located in the nucleoid region
[cytoplasm])
- Single Celled, Simple organisms
- Smaller than Eukaryotes
- If a cell dies, the whole organism dies.
EXAMPLES:
Bacteria,
archaea, and
cyanobacteria

1674 – Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered

live cells (protozoa and bacteria).

1831 – Robert Brown discovered nucleus in

plant cells

1838 – Matthias Jakob Schleiden & Theodor

Schwann recognized that cells are the basic
units of life and proposed the cell theory.
EUKARYOTIC CELL
Schleiden in 1838 concluded that all plants
contains a clearly defined nucleus and
are composed of cells and Schwann in 1839
membrane-bound organelles such as
concluded that all animals are composed of
mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.
cells.
Information about Prokaryotes:
1858 – Robert
Virchow - Greek: eu (well), karyon (nucleus)
researched using - Has nucleus & membrane-bound organelles.
cancer cells and - Linear DNA (located in the nucleus)
- Mostly multicellular
concluded OMNIS
- Larger than Eukaryotes
CELLULA E CELLULA
- Can live if one cell dies
meaning, CELLS
ARISE FROM EXAMPLES:
PREEXISTING CELLS. Protists, Fungi,
Animals, Plants