UNIT II: AFRO-LATIN AND POPULAR MUSIC

LESSON 1: AFRICAN MUSIC MODULE

4
Objectives:

a. Describe the historical and cultural background of Jazz Music.

b. Analyze the characteristics of Jazz Music.

Introduction

When a person thinks of jazz he/she would usually think of

New Orleans, USA. New Orleans is a city in Louisiana
where almost every bar has a house band of its own. As a
genre, jazz is truly an American music which is a
combination of two cultures – African and European.

Distinctive Features of Jazz

A. Instruments

Jazz can either be performed by a small group (combo) of three to eight musicians or by a big band. The Big
Band, also called jazz band, is composed of three groups:

 Woodwinds – flute, soprano saxophone, one to three alto saxophones, one of three tenor saxophones, and/or
one or two baritone saxophones
Woodwind instruments are a family of musical instruments within the more general category of wind
instruments. Common examples include flute, clarinet, oboe, saxophone, and bassoon. 

 Brass – Three to five trombones and/or three to five trumpets

A brass instrument is a musical instrument that produces sound by sympathetic vibration of air in a tubular
resonator in sympathy with the vibration of the player's lips.

 Rhythm Section (backbone of the jazz ensemble) – guitar or banjo, piano, plucked double bass, drums,
congas, and/or tambourine

B. Improvisation

There will never be jazz without improvisation as it lies at the core of jazz music. Musical improvisation
is the creative activity of immediate musical composition, which combines performance with communication of
emotions and instrumental technique as well as spontaneous response to other musicians. 

C. Rhythm

Other distinctive features of jazz music are syncopation and the rhythmic swing. Syncopation is the
displacement of accented beats by accenting weak beats, having rests on strong beats or tying notes over from a weak

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to a strong beat. Swing, is the context, is a manner of performing jazz music. It is more of a feel than a technique in
music.

D. Blues

Blues is a music genre and musical form which was originated in the Deep South of the United States around
the 1860s by African-Americans from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, and
spirituals.

E. Ragtime

Originally, ragtime is a popular music for solo piano. It developed in the St. Louis and Kansas City areas. It
peaked during 1890’s and 1900s. Ragtime pieces are called rags and they are not improvised

F. Dixieland Jazz

Dixieland, sometimes referred to as hot jazz or traditional jazz, is a style of jazz based on the music that
developed in New Orleans at the start of the 20th century. A Dixieland band consist of five to eight performers who
play the trombone, clarinet, drums, string bass, trumpet, piano, guitar and banjo.

G. Swing

Swing music is a form of jazz that developed in the United States in the 1930s and 1940s. The name came
from the emphasis on the off–beat, or weaker pulse. 
Categories of Jazz during the swing era:
 Sweet swing – This type of jazz is for dancing, entertainment and easy listening only
 Hot Swing – Also known as big band jazz, this kind of jazz is created by more skillful jazz composers,
arrangers and performers. Sometimes this form of jazz is called concert jazz.
 Benny Goodman’s Jazz – Benjamin “Benny” Goodman is hailed as the King of Swing. His ingenuity in
music can be seen in his hot jazz, gentle swing, and combo jazz.

H. Bebop

Bebop or bop is a style of jazz developed in the early to mid-1940s in the United States, which features
compositions characterized by a fast tempo, complex chord progressions with rapid chord changes and numerous
changes of key, instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation based on a combination of harmonic structure

I. Free Jazz

Free Jazz is also called avant-garde jazz. In this style, the musician has complete freedom to improvise.
Shouts, cries, outbursts and other nontraditional sounds may be produced by the performer.

J. Fusion

Also called jazz rock, fusion is the merging of rock sounds and rhythm with jazz improvisation. Traditional
acoustic instruments are combined with electric pianos, guitars, and basses.

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 UNIT II: DIGITAL ART

LESSON 1: DIGITAL ART

Objectives:

a. Distinguish the examples of Digital Art

b. Recognize that technology and art go hand and hand
c. Create a master piece; Digital Art inspired

Introduction

It is amazing how digital art is so ingrained in our daily

lives. Almost everything that people see, watch, wear, and
buy, in one way or another has been exposed to digital art.
From posters and billboards that are seen in the movies,
videos, and television shows, the designs on clothes, shoes,
watches and packaging of food have been made using a
form of digital art.

Examples of Digital Art

Many artists use the computer in their artworks. Instead of painting and drawing on canvas or paper, some
would prefer to create using the computer. Digital art is not limited to the images seen on the screen. It also includes
artworks where computer technology was used in the artistic process. Some artist would use digital art combined with
traditional mediums. Best examples for this is the comic books, artist would often draw the comics the traditional way
that would be scanned into the computer to add the texts and color.

a. Computer Graphics
a. Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is images created using the computer. Computer graphics are
heavily used in games and animated movies such as Dream Works Animation, Studio Ghibi, etc.
Software are computer programs that can help an artist create art. While hardware are physical tools used
in digital art that typically include the CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and printer
b. Digital Painting

Digital painting is an emerging art form in which traditional painting techniques such as watercolor, oils,

impasto, etc. are applied using digital tools by means of a computer, a graphics tablet and stylus, and software. The
advantage of digital painting over traditional painting is that the artist can easily undo mistakes. The artist can easily
repeat paintings and create copies of work.

c. American Standard Code of Information Interchange (ASCII) Art

Artists created images using combinations of letter, numbers and symbols. The graphic
design technique was called ASII art, which was the term for the letters and symbols used for
computer text before.

d. Running Art

Some multimedia artists use sports application and GPS capabilities of the modern smart phones to create
images. They use the said capabilities and run around the city. Their trail is traced through GPS and recorded in the
running app.

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 e. Digital Photography

It is one of the most overused and familiar of the technologies used to

create art. You do not have to be tech savvy to use the digital camera and take
digital photographs. Digital photography uses cameras containing arrays of
electronic photo detectors to produce images focused by a lens, as opposed to an
exposure on photographic film. The captured images are digitized and stored as a
computer file ready for further digital processing, viewing, electronic publishing,
or digital printing.

The Types of Cameras Used in Digital Photography:

Item/Picture Type of Camera Description

Point-and-Shoot type
camera/ Digital Camera
Also known as compact camera and is a
still camera designed for simple operation.
Mostly uses focus free lenses or autofocus
for focusing, automatic systems for setting
the exposure options and have built-in
flash units.

An acronym of DSLR, is a digital camera

Digital Single Lens Reflex
type camera
Mobile Phone Camera
that combines the optics and the
mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera
with a digital imaging sensor. A digital
type camera that gives the photographer
much more artistic freedom and control to
select the camera settings to create the
desired final image with the preferred
visual effects.
A camera phone which is able to capture
photographs and often record video using
one or more built-in digital cameras which
can also send the image over the
telephone function.

f. Game Art Design

It includes many disciplines such as visual art, computer programming,

graphic arts, music etc. Essentially, games artists are graphic artists who
specifically focus on video games. They imagine what items will look like, sketch out
preliminary designs, develop sketches into forms that go with the game's desired feel,
and turn the chosen sketches into 2 or 3D computer graphics.

UNIT II: VIGOROUS PHYSICAL INVOLVEMENT TO PROMOTE SOCIETEAL FITNESS

LESSON II: RUNNING AND WALKING EXERCISES FOR FITNESS DEVELOPMENT

Objectives:

a. Describe the nature and benefits of running and walking

b. Identify the precautionary measures in running
c. Participate in physical activity-related community services and programs

Introduction

Running is a fun exercise for the whole family and

pg. 4 community. It keeps a person in good Shape and helps in
losing weight. It is a common physical activity because it is
accessible to the participants anywhere and anytime and is
FITT PRINCIPLE

To attain the maximum benefits of active recreational activity participation, one should follow or apply
different principles of exercise. You should increase the dose or amount of physical activity or exercise to see changes
in your fitness level. This is the overload principle, which is guided by the FITT Principle.

The acronym FITT stands for F – frequency, I-intensity, T-time, and T- type.

Frequency Refers to how often or regular you involve yourself in physical.

Intensity Refers to the level of difficulty or how hard the physical activity you should exercise.

Time Refers to how long a specific physical activity you should engage in.
Type Refers to the kind of exercise or physical activity you should engage in.

Recreational activities are those activities held during one’s leisure time. Their purpose is to refresh oneself
by doing activities that are considered by an individual as enjoyable.

Active recreational activities are activities that require large body movements such as running, throwing, or
jumping or those that are sports-specific movements.

Active recreational activities are highly recommended for health promotion. These activities require more
amounts of energy to be expended than usual energy expenditure. This means that you do activities that make you
exert more effort than what you usually do.

Fitness Walking

Walking is generally considered as moderate physical activity, but it is effective in promoting metabolic
fitness and overall health. To achieve cardiovascular fitness, walking must be done intensely enough to elevate the
heart rate to target zone levels. Take a look at its health and fitness benefits.

Benefits of Walking

 helps with weight management  reduces the risk of some cancers

 accessible to everyone  helps reduce risk and/or aids with the
 doesn’t require special equipment management of type 2 diabetes
 one of the easiest ways to get more active  helps maintain strong bones
 reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety  reduces the risk of heart attack
 a low impact exercise  less likely to lead injuries
 lowers low-density lipoprotein (LDL)  reduces stress
cholesterol (the “bad” cholesterol)  reduces the risk of heart disease
 raises high-density lipoprotein (HDL)  you don’t have to pay for it
cholesterol (the “good” cholesterol)  builds aerobic fitness
 lowers blood pressure  helps maintain lean muscle tissue

Precautionary Measures While Running

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 Running can cause a lot of stress on the legs that could lead to muscle sprain, strain, cramps, and blisters. The
following are helpful tips to avoid running-related injuries

A. Do a warm-up before running- Always start with stretching exercises before doing an activity.
B. Use the appropriate equipment – Wear proper equipment that would provide you with comfort and would
allow movement while performing running or walking activities.
C. Survey the weather first – The type of weather will dictate your preparations.
D. Observe road safety – When running, choose roads that have sidewalks and no car traffic and always run
facing to the direction of where vehicles are coming for you to anticipate incoming accidents.
E. Stay alert at all times – Avoid using headphones or earphones when running to avoid potential hazards in the
environment
F. Beware of animals – When you encounter an aggressive animal, be calm and do not run.
G. Set your running goals – Before running determine the distance and the pace you want to achieve.

I have learned
that……

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 UNIT II: VIGOROUS PHYSICAL INVOLVEMENT TO PROMOTE SOCIETEAL FITNESS

LESSON III: KEEPING FIT THROUGH YOGA

Objectives:

a. Recognize the types of Yoga and its benefits.

b. Identify the different materials and equipment used in Yoga.
c. Apply correct techniques to minimize the risk of injuries.

Introduction

Yoga is considered as a fitness activity because of

the many benefits it offers to the participants. It relaxes the
body and mind that improves blood circulation. The
different flexes detoxify the muscles and organs of the
body. It also increases flexibility, strength, and balance.
Learning yoga van be fun, especially in a group.

Yoga – is considered as a fitness activity because of the many benefits it offers to the participants.
- Originated in India
- It is derived from the word YUJ, which means “to add” or “to join” or “to attach”.
Types of Yoga

Type of Goal Description Benefits Target Population

Yoga
Hatha To develop Combines poses with Relaxing and Beginners
flexibility and breathing techniques restorative
balance
Vinyasa To Develop Power Yoga Weight Reduction Obese; Weight
strength, flexibility, Fast Paced Style Conscious
and balance
Iyengar To strengthen the Emphasizes proper Relieves back and Musculoskeletal
muscles and the alignment Neck pain problems
joints
Bikram To establish
A style of hot yoga that Enhances athleticism Athletes, also suited
flexibility increase the muscles ability for amateurs
to stretch
Kundalini To calm the mind Done by doing body Tranquility and Individuals aiming for
and energize the movement, chanting of serenity within self spiritual experience
body mantras and breathing
Ashtanga To develop strength Physically challenging style Cleansing the body Yoga Practitioners
and endurance that consists of various
poses

Materials and Equipment used in Yoga

1. T-shirt, sweat shirt, short or sweat pants, yoga shoes – comfortable workout attire
2. Sticky mat – provides safety, padding, and friction
3. Yoga belt – supports, aligns, and stretches the muscles
4. Yoga blanket or towel – provides padding and warmth

Let’s get started! Study and perform the eight foundation postures presented in this lesson.

1. Downward Facing Dog Position

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  Stand with your feet hip distance apart on a yoga mat with your arms at
your sides
 Keep your back straight, hinge forward at the waist and plant your palms
flat on the floor, fingers pointing forward and spread apart. If necessary,
bend your knees.
 Press your chest toward your knees, keep your eyes focused on your toes
and press your heels toward the floor.

2. Mountain Pose
 Stand on the yoga mat with your feet together.
 Gently rock back and forth on the balls of your feet and your heels to
spread your weight evenly across the base of your feet.
 Bend your knees slightly and then straighten them again to help
loosen your joints.
 Curl your pelvic bone up slightly so that your tailbone continues the
straight line of your spine. Your goal is to align your hips so that
you’re not putting any extra pressure on your back or your knees.
 Extend your spine upward by lifting the chest away from the
stomach. Lengthen the back of your neck and press down into the
floor with your feet and rest in this neutral position.
 Raise your arms to the ceiling and gaze forward.

3. Warrior Pose I
 Step your left foot toward the back of your mat to come into warrior pose.
 Bring the left heel to the floor and turn the left toes out to about a 45-degree
angle. Begin to bend the right knee over the right ankle.
 Inhale while bringing your arms up over your head. The arm position can vary
according to the mobility in your shoulders.
 The classic position is with the palms touching overhead. However, you may
choose to keep the palms separated at shoulder’s distance apart or even bend
at the elbows and open your arms like a cactus.

4. Warrior Pose II
 Step or lightly jump with your feet 3-1/2 to 4 feet apart. Turn your left foot out by
90 degrees, the heel should be opposite your right arch. Raise your arms out to the
sides, parallel to the floor, shoulders down palms facing the ground.
 Exhale and bend your left knee over the left ankle, so that the shin is perpendicular
to the floor.
 Stretch the arms with the shoulder blades parallel to the floor. Keep the sides of the
torso and the shoulders directly over the pelvis. Press the tailbone slightly toward
the pubis. Turn the head to the left and look over your fingers.
 Maintain the position for 30 seconds to 1 minute. Inhale as you come up. Repeat
using the right foot.

5. Extended Side Angle

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  From the downward facing dog position, bring your right foot to the front of your
mat, placing it on the inside side of your right hand.
 Anchor your left heel down to the floor. Angle your heel toward the center of your
mat.
 Bend your right knee so that your calf and thigh form a right angle with your thigh
parallel to the floor.
 Bring your gaze up towards your right hand. To keep the body in balance, repeat
with your left foot.
6. Triangle Pose
 Stand 3-1/2 to 4 feet apart. Hips are facing to the front. Stretch your body upward,
then bending downward from the waist to the front of your hips.
 Turn your right leg, including your thigh, knee and foot out by 90 degrees and left
foot by 15 degrees.
 Raise your arms to shoulder level with your palms facing down towards the floor.
 Place your right hand on your right shin, as far down as you can reach
comfortably.
 Raise your left arm towards the ceiling, with your palm facing forward. Gaze at
your outstretched hand.
 As you inhale, come up, bring your arms down to your sides and straighten your
feet. Repeat on the other side.

Benefits of Yoga Exercise

 It increases respiratory efficiency.

 It is a good form of meditation.
 It improves posture and balance.
 It tests mental endurance and physical stamina.
 It increases one’s endurance and energy.
 It is a best way to build core strength.
 It decreases anxiety and depression.
 It increases one’s flexibility and is good for muscle toning.
 It is relaxing; it has slow dynamic and static movements.
 It has a low risk of injuring the muscles and the ligaments.
 It improves one’s memory, concentration, mood, and self-actualization.

UNIT II: VIGOROUS PHYSICAL INVOLVEMENT TO PROMOTE SOCIETEAL FITNESS

LESSON II: WAYS OF MANAGING HEALTH ISSUES AND CONCERNS

Objectives:

a. Discuss the existing Health Laws

b. Follow existing health related laws

Introduction

The laws, programs, and regulations are developed

and implemented to protect the health and safety of every
individual. You must also take responsibility in conforming
with these laws to ensure a harmonious and healthy society.

pg. 9
 A. Reproductive Health and Responsible Parenthood

Reproductive health is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease relating to the reproductive system, and to its functions and processes. To aid the reproductive
health needs of the citizens, the government mandated the Republic Act 10354 or most commonly known as
Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act.

B. Tobacco Regulation

The dangers of smoking on the health of Filipinos include cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and other
related respiratory ailments. Primarily, there should be a strict implementation of the law and consistent information
campaign on the health risks associated with tobacco use. Likewise, prohibiting minors to purchase tobacco is also a
significant move.

C. Dangerous Drugs

Drug abuse is the most difficult problem to address because it not only cause problem to the individual alone
but to also to his/her family, friends and community. Drug abuse can endanger your health. As teenagers, you can do a
lot of things to prevent drug abuse by taking care of yourself physically, mentally, and emotionally.

D. Consumer Health

It enables individuals to develop their ability to develop to evaluate and select the appropriate health products
and services. The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) is the government Agency that ensures the quality and safety
of products before being sold to the public.

E. Traditional and Alternative Medicine

Herbal Medicine is the use of plants to treat disease or improve health. DOH has approved and tested some
herbal plants that can be used for therapeutic purposes. These medicinal plants are recommended because they are
free. In 1997, former President Fidel Ramos signed the R.A No 8423 Known as the Traditional and Alternative
Medicine Act

pg. 10

ACTIVITI
 MUSIC

ES
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Name:___________________________________________ Year & Section:__________ Score:_____

Activity 1- Check for Understanding

1. Enumerate the 3 classification of instruments used in jazz music. Write a short description.

2. Listen to “The Entertainer” by Scott Joplin and write your thoughts about the musical piece.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPmruHc4S9Q

Research at least 5 examples of Jazz music and its composer.

pg. 11
 ARTS
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Name:___________________________________________ Year & Section:__________ Score:_____

Activity – Digital Photography

Picture Analysis: Direction: Column A shows pictures of different cameras. Match

it with its corresponding name found on column B. Write the letter of the space provided
before the number.
Column A Column B

_____1. _____4.
a. Non SLR or Point and Shoot Digital
Camera

_____2. _____5. b. Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) Camera

c. Mobile Phone Camera

_____3. d. Video Camera

Activity – Catch me if you can

Using any available device take photos and print your output. Paste your quality photos on the
box provided. Outputs will be graded using the given rubric.
Rubric - Image quality - 50%, Theme - 30%, Creativity - 20%, Total: -

Paste here

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 P. E.
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Name:___________________________________________ Year & Section:__________ Score:_____

Activity – Video Game Character

For this project you will be creating a new character for your favorite video game.

Procedure:

1. Gather your materials – Water colors, acrylic paints, poster colors, crayons, or pastels, paintbrushes or
sponges.
2. Choose a video game you want to create a character for.
3. Have video game character and start creating the subject.
4. You can use ¼ illustration board or extra coupon bond (Note: optional)

pg. 13
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Name:___________________________________________ Year & Section:__________ Score:_____

Activity: Knowledge Booth

A. Identify the following physical activities if they are recreational activity or not. Write RA if
recreational activity and NR if not.

_____1. board games _____6. running

_____2. camping and hiking _____7. walking
_____3. making arts and crafts _____8. twig weaving
_____4. playing sports _____9. yoga exercise
_____5. dancing _____10. bonding with family
B. Answer the following questions:

1. Explain the benefits that you get in walking and running exercises.
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2. Give an example of recreational activity you learned from this module. Give a brief description of it.
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3. As a student, how can recreational activity help you in your daily life especially in this time that we are suffering
from a pandemic like the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (CoViD 19)?
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4. Enumerate at least 3 things to prepare when planning to run and explain your answers.

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pg. 14
Name:___________________________________________ Year & Section:__________ Score:_____

Activity - Experience the Wonder of Yoga Exercises

In this activity, you will be given opportunities to learn basic movements and positions
in Yoga. Mastering the poses will help you strengthen and stretch your muscles, improve your posture, and
prevent workout injuries.

Procedure:
1. Perform stretching and warm-up exercises before performing the activity.
2. Observe the safe and proper execution of every poses to avoid injury.
3. Choose at least 4 poses and record your performance.
4. Submit documentation of the process of your activity on our group page. It could be video clip or
pictures.
5. Cool down after performing the exercises.
Let’s Reflect!

Answer the following question.

1. How well did you perform the different yoga poses? Did you feel the strengthening of your muscles? (5pts)
Answer:
In performing the different yoga poses, I felt…

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2. Will you recommend yoga to your family and friends as a good form of slow dynamic and static exercise? Why?
(5pts)

Answer:

Yes, I will recommend yoga to my family as a good form of slow dynamic and static exercise
because…

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3. What benefits can you gain as you engage yourself in doing basic yoga movements? (5pts)

Answer:

In doing the basic yoga movements, I gain benefits like.

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HEALTH
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Name:___________________________________________ Year & Section:__________ Score:_____

pg. 15
 Activity - Interview

A. In this activity, you are going to ask a family member or any relative in your community and discuss the
following questions. Write your answers in your journal.

1. What are the benefits do we get from Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health?

2. What is the positive and negative impact of the law “Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of
2012” in the family and in the country?

3. Identify what is being described by each statement below. Write your answer on the line.

____________1. The Use of plants to treat disease.

____________2. One of the most difficult problems to manage because this issue addresses the whole society.

____________3. The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

____________4. Enables the individuals to develop their ability to evaluate and select the appropriate health and
services

____________5. The government agency that ensures the safety and quality of health products that are sold to the
public.

B. Put a check ( / ) mark in column “smoke free zone” if smoking is banned. Put an X mark on the column
“smoking zone” if smoking is allowed.

Smoke Free Zone Places Smoking Zone

Public and Private Hospitals

Restaurants

Private residences

Elevator/stairwells

Bus Station

Centers for youth

Gasoline station

Outside eating areas

Healthcare facility

pg. 16
 Outdoor areas of place of employment

Activity - Design your Cigarette Packs

Procedure:

a.) Gather your materials – Water colors, acrylic paints, poster colors, crayons, or pastels, paintbrushes or
sponges.
b.) Following the tobacco regulation act on advertisement and labeling, design your cigarette packs.

REFERENCES:
Argie A. Concha, Carlo Luis C. Ganzon, Jessica S. Tungala, and Maria Gracia A. Fulgencio
MAPEH – Music, Arts, Physical education, Health 10
The Phoenix Publishing House Inc., 2017

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