Professional Documents
Culture Documents
12 Principles of Analytical Techniques
12 Principles of Analytical Techniques
yK
eB
Pr
inci
plesofAnal
yti
calTechni
que
lin
On
b.
1) Mostcommonanal
yti
cal
inst
rumenti
susedt
owei
ght
he
Clu
chemi
cal
forpr
epar
ati
onofanal
yti
cal
reagent
s.
on
a.Hotpl
ateandmagnet
icst
ir
rer
. b.PHmet
er
ati
uc
c.Anal
yti
calbal
ance d.Spect
romet
er
Ed
2)Thesmal
l
esti
ncr
ementofwei
ghtabal
ancewi
l
ldi
spl
ay.
.
rat
a.Tar
ewei
ght b.Readabi
li
ty
c.Netwei
ght
. d.Capaci
ty
uja
rG
3)Capabi
l
ityt
hatl
etsuser
star
evi
acomput
erormannual
y.
tta
a.Di
git
alt
are b.Netwei
ght
/U
c.Checkwei
ghi
ng d.Di
git
alf
il
ter
ity
4)whati
stheuseoft
arebut
toni
nanal
yti
cal
bal
ance
Un
a.Wei
ght
hechemi
cal
s
nt
de
b.Resett
hedi
spl
ay'
sbal
ancezer
o
Stu
c.On/
offt
hei
nst
rument
gu
d.Checkt
hebal
ancei
slev
el
Hn
S
yK
eB
5)Theanal
yti
cal
inst
rumentHotpl
ateandmagnet
icst
ir
reri
s
usedf
or.
..
.
lin
On
a.Wei
ght
hechemi
cal
s
b.
b.Mi
xingt
hesol
utei
nthesol
uti
on
Clu
c.Accel
erat
ethesedi
ment
ati
onpr
ocess
on
d.Dr
yheatst
eri
l
izat
ion
ati
6)Thecent
ri
fugat
ioni
sbasedont
hepr
inci
pleofwhenaf
orcei
s
uc
l
esst
hant
hegr
avi
tydesi
red.
Ed
a.Tr
ue
rat
b.Fal
se uja
rG
7)I
n500×g,
whatdoesgr
epr
esenti
naccor
dancet
o
tta
cent
ri
fugat
ion?
/U
a.Gr
avi
tat
ional
for
ce
ity
b.Cent
ri
fugal
for
cei
s500t
imesl
esst
hanear
thl
ygr
avi
tat
ional
Un
f
orce
nt
c.Cent
ri
fugalf
orcei
s500t
imesgr
eat
ert
hanear
thl
y
de
gr
avi
tat
ionalf
orce
Stu
d.Cent
ri
fugal
for
cei
s500t
imessameast
hatofear
thl
y
gu
gr
avi
tat
ional
for
ce
Hn
S
yK
eB
8)Atwhatspeeddoy
oucent
ri
fugebl
ood?
a.2200-
2500RPM. b.3000-
3200RPM
lin
On
c.1000-
1500RPM. c.4000RPM
b.
9)Af
tercent
ri
fugat
ion,
subl
i
mat
e__
__
Clu
a.Di
ssol
vecompl
etel
y
on
b.Remai
nsuspendedi
nal
i
qui
d
ati
c.Set
tl
esatbot
tom
uc
d.Dependsuponphofsubl
i
mat
es
Ed
10)Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sanef
fect
ivewayofpur
if
ying
rat
l
i
qui
dcont
aini
ngsuspensi
on? uja
rG
a.Cr
yst
all
i
zat
ion. b.Decant
ing
tta
c.Cent
ri
fugi
ng. c.Separ
ati
ngf
unnel
/U
11)Di
ff
erent
ial
cent
ri
fugat
ionr
eli
esont
hedi
ff
erencei
n__
___
__
ity
ofbi
ologi
cal
par
ti
clesofdi
ff
erent_
___
_
Un
a.Si
ze,
densi
ty
nt
b.Sedi
ment
ati
onr
ate,
sizeanddensi
ty
de
c.Si
ze,
str
uct
ure
Stu
d.Mass,si
ze
gu
12)El
ect
rophor
esi
swasdev
elopedby
:
Hn
a.Tswet
t. b.Tav
edber
g C.Ti
sel
ius. d.Sanger
S
yK
eB
13)whi
cht
echni
quesepar
ateschar
gedpar
ti
clesusi
ngel
ect
ri
c
f
iel
d.
lin
On
a.Hy
drol
ysi
s. b.El
ect
rophor
esi
s
b.
c.Pr
otei
nsy
nthesi
s. d.Pr
otei
ndenat
uri
ng
Clu
14)Thespeedofmi
grat
ionofi
roni
nel
ect
ri
cfi
elddependsupon:
on
a.Shapeandsi
zeofmol
ecul
es
ati
b.Magni
tudeofchar
geandshapeofmol
ecul
e
uc
c.Magni
tudeofchar
geshapeandmassofmol
ecul
e
Ed
d.Magni
tudeofchar
geandmassofmol
ecul
e
rat
15)Whatdoest
heel
ect
rophor
esi
sappar
atusconsi
stof
?
uja
rG
a.Gel
,buf
ferchamberandf
ir
epack
tta
b.Buf
ferchamberandel
ect
rophor
esi
suni
t
/U
c.El
ect
rophor
esi
suni
tandgel
separ
ator
ity
d.Powerpackandel
ect
rophor
esi
suni
t
Un
16)whi
cht
ypeofpaperar
eusedi
npaperel
ect
rophor
esi
s?
nt
a.What
manf
il
terpaper
de
b.Cel
l
uloseacet
atef
il
terpaper
Stu
c.Chr
omat
ogr
aphypaper
gu
d.Al
loft
heabov
e
Hn
S
yK
eB
17)whati
sagar
osegel
?
a.Cr
ossl
i
nkagemol
ecul
e
lin
On
b.Pur
if
iedunchangepol
ysacchar
ide
b.
c.I
tisPr
epar
edbydi
ssol
vi
ng0.
5%agar
osei
nboi
l
ingwat
er.
Clu
andal
l
owi
ngi
ttocool
to40°c.
on
d.Al
lofabov
e
ati
18)whi
chi
snott
ypeofzoneel
ect
rophor
esi
s?
uc
a.Gel
elect
rophor
esi
s
Ed
b.Paperel
ect
rophor
esi
s
rat
c.Cel
l
uloseact
iveel
ect
rophor
esi
s uja
rG
d.Mi
croel
ect
rophor
esi
s
tta
19)PHmet
ercanbeconsi
der
edasv
olt
agesour
cewi
thwhi
ch
/U
oft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
nter
nalr
esi
stances?
ity
a.Ver
ylow r
esi
stance
Un
b.Moder
ater
esi
stance
nt
c.Ver
yhi
ghr
esi
stance
de
d.Nor
esi
stance
Stu
20)whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotf
ail
urei
npHmet
ers?
gu
a.Def
ect
iveel
ect
rode. b.Def
ect
ivecal
ibr
ati
on
Hn
c.Def
ect
ivei
nputci
rcui
tr
y. d.Def
ect
iveel
ect
roni
cci
rcui
tr
y
S
yK
eB
21)Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sthesi
mpl
estofpHmet
ers?
a.Nul
l-
det
ect
ort
ypepHmet
er
lin
On
b.Di
rectr
eadi
ngt
ypepHmet
er
b.
c.Di
git
alpHmet
er
Clu
d.Mor
denpHmet
er
on
22)chr
omat
ogr
aphyi
saphy
sical
met
hodt
hati
susedt
o
ati
separ
ateandanal
yse_
___
___
uc
a.Si
mpl
emi
xtur
e. b.Compl
exmi
xtur
e
Ed
C.Vi
scousmi
xtur
e. d.Met
als
rat
23)I
nwhi
cht
ypeofchr
omat
ogr
aphy,
thest
ati
onar
yphase
uja
rG
hel
dinanar
row t
ubeandt
hemobi
l
ephasei
sfor
ced
tta
t
hroughi
tunderpr
essur
e?
/U
a.Col
umnchr
omat
ogr
aohy
.
ity
b.Pl
anarchr
omat
ogr
aohy
Un
c.Li
qui
dchr
omat
ogr
aohy
nt
d.Gaschar
omat
ogr
aphy
de
24)I
nchr
omat
ogr
aohy
,thest
ati
onar
yphasecanbe_
___
Stu
suppor
tedonasol
i
d.
gu
a.Sol
idorl
iqui
d b.Sol
i
donl
y
Hn
C.Li
qui
dorgas d.Li
qui
donl
y
S
yK
eB
25)I
nchr
omat
ogr
aohy
,whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngcant
hemobi
l
e
phasebemadeof
f?
lin
On
a.Sol
i
dorl
i
qui
d b.Gasonl
y
b.
C.Li
qui
dorgas d.Li
qui
donl
y
Clu
26)I
nwhi
chchr
omat
ogr
aphys.
p.i
smor
epol
art
hanm.p.
?
on
a.I
onexchange.
ati
b.Li
qui
dli
qui
dchr
omat
ogr
aphy
uc
c.Rev
ersedchr
omat
ogr
aphy
Ed
d.Noneoft
heabov
e
rat
27)whi
chf
orcei
sinv
olv
edi
nthechr
omat
ogr
aphy
? uja
rG
a.Hy
drogenbondi
ng
tta
b.Londonf
orce
/U
c.El
ect
ri
cst
ati
cfor
ce
ity
d.Al
lofabov
e
Un
28)whi
cht
echni
quei
sal
soknownascol
orwr
it
ing?
nt
a.NMR
de
b.Massspect
roscopy
Stu
c.Chr
omat
ogr
aphy
gu
d.Al
loft
heabov
e
Hn
S
yK
eB
29)NonHazar
doussubst
it
uti
onf
orRI
Ais
a.UV
lin
On
b.HPLC
b.
C.NMR
Clu
d.Noneoft
heabov
e
on
30)chr
omat
ogr
am i
s?
ati
a.Sol
uteconcent
rat
ionVsEl
uti
ont
ime
uc
b.Sol
uteconcent
rat
ionVsEl
uti
onv
olume
Ed
C.A&B
rat
d.Noneoft
heabov
e uja
rG
31)Hotai
rov
eni
susedf
orst
eri
l
izat
ionofal
lexcept_
___
tta
a.Gl
asswear
/U
b.Rubbert
ubes
ity
C.Shar
pinst
rument
s
Un
d.Li
qui
dpar
aff
in
nt
32)_
___i
sapr
essur
echamberusedt
ocar
ryoutpr
ocessesat
de
hi
ght
emper
atur
eandpr
essur
e.
Stu
a.Ov
en. b.Mi
crocl
ave
gu
c.Aut
ocl
ave. d.Hotai
rov
en
Hn
S
yK
eB
33)Aut
ocl
avear
eusedi
nthemedi
calappl
i
cat
iont
oper
for
m
_
___
.
lin
On
a.Vul
cani
zat
ion. b.St
eri
li
zat
ion
b.
c.Heat
ing. d.Cl
eani
ng
Clu
34)whati
sacommont
emper
atur
eisusedi
naut
ocl
ave?
on
a.121°
c. b.109°
c. c.135°c. d.142°c
ati
35)whoi
nvent
edt
heaut
ocl
ave?
uc
a.Past
ure
Ed
b.Char
lschamberl
and
rat
c.Ar
nol
dO.Beckman uja
rG
d.Ant
oni
evanl
eauwenhoek
tta
36)whati
sthei
nnersur
faceofaut
ocl
avemadeof
?
/U
a.Mi
l
dst
eel
ity
b.St
ainl
essSt
eel
Un
C.Copper
nt
d.Al
umi
nium
de
37)onei
snotf
oundi
ncol
ori
met
ri
c.
Stu
a.Cuv
et. b.Fi
l
ter
gu
C.Ful
esour
ce. C.Phot
osensor
Hn
S
yK
eB
38)ThePCRt
echni
quewasdev
elopedby
___
__
a.Kohl
er
lin
On
b.Al
tman
b.
C.Mi
l
stei
n
Clu
d.Kar
ymul
is
on
39)ThePCRi
s__
___
__.
ati
a.I
tisaDNAsequenci
ngt
echni
que.
uc
b.I
tisDNAdegr
adat
iont
echni
que.
Ed
c.I
tisDNAampl
if
icat
iont
echni
que.
rat
d.Al
loft
heabov
e uja
rG
40)whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotat
her
most
abl
epol
umer
ase?
tta
a.pf
upol
ymer
ase
/U
b.Taqpol
ymear
ase
ity
C.Ventpol
ymer
ase
Un
d.DNApol
ymer
aseI
II
nt
41)whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sbasi
crequi
rementofPCR?
de
a.Twool
i
gonucl
eot
idepr
imer
s
Stu
b.DNAsegmentt
obeempl
i
fied
gu
c.Aheatst
abl
eDNApol
ymer
ase
Hn
d.Al
loft
heabov
e
S
yK
eB
42)whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sthef
ir
standt
hemosti
mpor
tant
st
epi
nPCR.
lin
On
a.Anneal
i
ng
b.
b.Pr
imerext
ensi
on
Clu
c.Denat
urat
ion
on
d.Noneoft
heabov
e
ati
43)whati
sthepr
ocessofbi
ndi
ngofpr
imert
othedenat
ured
uc
st
andcal
l
edi
nPCR?
Ed
a.Anneal
ing
rat
b.Renat
urat
ion uja
rG
C.Denat
urat
ion
tta
d.Noneoft
heabov
e
/U
44)Denat
urat
ioni
sthepr
ocessof_
___
__.
ity
a.Heat
ingbet
ween72°
c.
Un
b.Heat
ingbet
ween40-
60°
c
nt
C.Heat
ingbet
ween90-
98°c
de
Stu
d.Noneofabov
e
45)Pol
ymar
aseusedf
orPCRi
sext
ract
edf
rom_
___
__.
gu
a.Homosepi
ens. b.E.Col
i
Hn
c.Ther
musaquat
icus. d.S.Cer
evi
siae
S
yK
eB
46)HowmanyDNAdupl
exesar
eobt
ainedf
rom oneDNAdupl
ex
af
terf
orcy
clesofPCR?
lin
On
a.8. b.4.c.32. d.16
b.
47)pr
imer
susedf
ort
hepr
ocessofPCRar
e__
___
.
Clu
a.
singl
est
randedRNAol
i
gonucl
eot
ide
on
b.Si
ngl
est
randedDNAol
igonucl
eot
ide.
ati
C.Doubl
est
randedRNAoi
l
gonucl
eot
ide
uc
d.Si
ngl
est
randedDNAol
i
gonucl
eosi
de.
Ed
48)Rev
erset
ranscr
ipt
ionPCRuses_
___
_.
rat
a.RNAast
empl
atet
ofor
m DNA uja
rG
b.mRNAast
empl
atet
ofor
m cDNA
tta
c.DNAast
empl
atet
ofor
m ssDNA
/U
d.Al
lofabov
e
ity
49)whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sami
smat
ch.
Un
a.Pol
ymer
ase-t
aqpol
ymer
ase
nt
b.Templ
ate-doubl
est
randedDNA
de
c.Pr
imer-ol
i
gonucl
eot
ide
Stu
d.Sy
nthesi
s-5'
to3'
dir
ect
ion.
gu
50)Thet
emper
atur
eatwhi
chDNAsy
nthesi
stakespl
acei
s74°
c
Hn
a.Tr
ue. b.Fal
se
S
yK
eB
51)whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snecessar
yformassspect
romet
ryt
o
occur?
lin
On
a.Lossofanel
ect
ron
b.
b.Changeofal
i
gnmentofapr
otoni
namagnet
icf
iel
d
Clu
c.Amol
ecul
arv
ibr
ati
on
on
d.Exci
tai
onofanel
ect
ronf
rom t
hegr
oundst
atet
oahi
gher
ati
ener
gyst
ate
uc
52)I
nmassspect
romet
ry,f
ragment
ati
onofi
ronsi
sachi
eved
Ed
t
hrough?
rat
a.I
oni
zat
ion uja
rG
b.Spl
i
tti
ng
tta
c.Sol
ubl
i
zat
ion
/U
d.Coupl
i
ng
ity
53)ELI
SAi
s__
___
.
Un
a.Enzy
mel
i
nkedi
mmunoassay
nt
b.Enzy
mel
inkedi
mmmunosor
bentassay
de
C.Enzy
mel
i
nkedi
mmunosor
bentabsor
be.
Stu
d.Enzy
mel
i
nkedi
mmunoabsor
be.
gu
Hn
S
yK
eB
54)ELI
SAal
l
owsf
orr
api
dscr
eei
ngandquant
if
icat
ionoft
he
pr
esenceof_
___i
nasampl
e.
lin
On
a.Ami
noaci
d
b.
b.DNA
Clu
c.Ant
igen
on
d.Pr
otei
n
ati
55)Whi
chi
swor
kingpr
inci
pleofELI
SA?
uc
a.Ag-Abneut
ral
i
zat
ion
Ed
b.Ag-
Abcompl
ex
rat
c.a&b uja
rG
d.Noneofabov
e
tta
56)i
ndi
rectELI
SAwhi
chi
sdet
ect
edi
nsampl
e?
/U
a.ant
igen
ity
b.Ant
ibody
Un
c.a&b
nt
d.Noneofabov
e
de
57)sandwi
chELI
SAwhi
chi
sdet
ect
edi
nsampl
e?
Stu
a.Ant
igen. c.a&b
gu
b.Ant
ibody
. d.Noneofabov
e
Hn
S
yK
eB
58)compet
it
iveELI
SAwhi
chI
sdet
ect
edi
nsmapl
e?
a.Ant
igen
lin
On
b.Ant
ibody
b.
c.a&b
Clu
d.Noneofabov
e
on
60)whi
cht
echni
quei
susedt
oassaydr
ugconcent
rat
ioni
n
ati
pl
asma?
uc
a.I
Rspect
roscopy
Ed
b.UVspect
roscopy
rat
c.Nonaquaoust
it
rat
ion uja
rG
d.RI
A
tta
61)RI
Awasdev
elopedby_
__.
/U
a.Ber
sonandYal
ow
ity
b.Chal
sandwast
one
Un
C.Vect
orandl
ogan
nt
d.Lewi
sandbr
onst
and
de
62)Howmanymi
crogr
am ant
igendet
ect
edi
nsampl
ebyRI
A?
Stu
a.0.
1mi
crogr
am /ml b.0.
0001mi
crogr
am /
ml
gu
c.0.
001mi
crogr
am /ml d.0.
01mi
crogr
am /
ml
Hn
S
yK
eB
63)Whi
chsent
encei
snott
rueaboutRI
A?
a.Themostcommonl
yusedr
adi
olabel
sinRI
Aar
etr
it
um
lin
On
andi
odi
ne
b.
b.Congr
atul
ati
onRPM i
s1200-
2500
Clu
c.Thi
stechni
quei
sver
ysensi
ti
vl
yitcandet
ect
ed0.
001
on
mi
crogr
am /ml
ati
d.Thi
stechni
quei
sver
ysensi
ti
vi
tyi
tcandet
ect
ed0.
01
uc
mi
crogr
am /ml
Ed
64)whi
chi
nst
rumenti
susedf
orRI
A?
rat
a.Cent
ri
fuge uja
rG
b.Radi
oact
ivecount
ers
tta
c.Bot
ha&b
/U
d.Noneofabov
e
ity
65)Whi
chi
nst
rumenti
susedi
nendpoi
ntr
eact
ionmet
hodsf
or
Un
det
ermi
nat
ionofenz
ymesi
nthespeci
men?
nt
a.Cent
ri
fuge
de
b.I
ncubat
or
Stu
c.Hotai
rov
en
gu
d.Spect
roPhot
omet
er
Hn
Hn
gu
Stu
de
nt
Un
ity
/U
tta
rG
uja
rat
Ed
uc
ati
on
Clu
b.
On
lin
eB
yK
S