MINISTRY OF HIGHIER EDUCATION AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES

ERBIL POLYTHECHNIC UNIVERSITY

TECHNICAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL AND ENERGY ENGINEERING
POWER PLANT LABORATORY 4th STAGE (2020-2021)

Thermal Conductivity

EXPERIMENT NO. 4

PREPARED BY: WRYA LUQMAN HUSSEIN

SUPERVISED BY: Ms. Aala

(2020-2021)
Data
Pipe material - mild steel
Length - 818 mm
Inside diameter - 47.7 mm
Metal thickness - 6.3 mm
Pipe 1 insulation - none
Pipe 2 insulation Fiber Glass - 106.6 mm diameter
Pipe 3 insulation Asbestos tape - 69.5 mm diameter
Pipe 4 insulation - Chrome finished
Steam Pipe 1 Pipe 2 Pipe 3 Pipe 4
Time Pressure Temp Temp HC Ex. In HC Ex. In HC Temp HC
(bar) (°C) (°C) (cm) Temp Temp (cm) Temp Temp (cm) (°C) (cm)
(°C) (°C) (°C) (°C)
0 4 149 149 7.5 32 149 12 101 149 9 99 7
3 4 145 145 9 40 145 12.6 112 145 9.7 83 7.7
6 4 146 146 10 40 146 13.5 111 146 10.5 87 8.5
9 4.4 148 148 11.1 42 148 14 110 148 11.5 93 9.7
12 4.2 144 144 17.7 41 144 14 114 144 11.7 71 9.9
Av. 4.12 146.4 146.4 - 39 146.4 - 109.6 146.4 - 86.6 -

Calculation
X = 0.88
∆Hc = Hcf - Hci
Pabs = Pgauge + Patm = 4.12 + 1.01325 = 5.13 bar
ℎ𝑓𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 5.13
5.13−5.1 ℎ𝑓𝑔 −2105.57
=
5.2−5.1 2103.25−2105.57

ℎ𝑓𝑔 = 2104.2 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔

Pipe 1:
Hc1 = 17.7 – 7.5 = 10.2 cm
𝐻𝑐1 −𝐻𝑐1 10.2−10.2
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = =0
𝐻𝑐1 10.2
 𝐻𝑐1 ×18×𝜌 10.2×18×1000
𝑚̇𝑐1 = = = 2.55 × 10−4 𝑘𝑔/𝑠
𝑡×106 720×106

𝑄 = 𝑚̇𝑐1 × 𝑥 × ℎ𝑓𝑔 × 103 = 2.55 × 10−4 × 0.88 × 2104.2 × 103 = 472.2 𝑊

Pipe 2:
Hc2 = 14 – 12 = 2 cm
𝑅1 = 30.15 𝑚𝑚
𝑅2 = 53.3 𝑚𝑚
𝐻𝑐1 −𝐻𝑐2 10.2−2
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = = 0.8
𝐻𝑐1 10.2
𝐻𝑐2 ×18×𝜌 2×18×1000
𝑚̇𝑐2 = = = 5 × 10−5 𝑘𝑔/𝑠
𝑡×106 720×106

𝑄 = 𝑚̇𝑐2 × 𝑥 × ℎ𝑓𝑔 × 103 = 5 × 10−5 × 0.88 × 2104.2 × 103 = 92.6 𝑊

𝑚̇𝑐2 ×𝑥×ℎ𝑓𝑔 ×ln(𝑅2 /𝑅1 )×103 5×10−5 ×0.88×2104.2 ×ln(53.3/30.15)×103
𝑘= = = 0.095 𝑊/𝑚. ℃
2𝜋×𝑙×(𝑇1 −𝑇2 ) 2𝜋×0.818×(146.4−39)

Pipe 3:
Hc3 = 11.7 – 9 = 2.7 cm
𝑅1 = 30.15 𝑚𝑚
𝑅2 = 34.75 𝑚𝑚
𝐻𝑐1 −𝐻𝑐3 10.2−2.7
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = = 0.735
𝐻𝑐1 10.2
𝐻𝑐3 ×18×𝜌 2.7×18×1000
𝑚̇𝑐3 = = = 6.75 × 10−5 𝑘𝑔/𝑠
𝑡×106 720×106

𝑄 = 𝑚̇𝑐3 × 𝑥 × ℎ𝑓𝑔 × 103 = 6.75 × 10−5 × 0.88 × 2104.2 × 103 = 125 𝑊

𝑅2
𝑚̇𝑐3 ×𝑥×ℎ𝑓𝑔 ×ln(
𝑅1
)×103
𝑘=
2𝜋×𝑙×(𝑇1 −𝑇2 )

6.75×10−5 ×0.88×2104.2 ×ln(34.75/30.15)×103

𝑘= = 0.094 𝑊/𝑚. ℃
2𝜋×0.818×(146.4−109.6)

Pipe 4:
Hc4 = 9.9 – 7 = 2.9 cm
𝐻𝑐1 −𝐻𝑐4 10.2−2.9
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = = 0.715
𝐻𝑐1 10.2
 𝐻𝑐4 ×18×𝜌 2.9×18×1000
𝑚̇𝑐4 = = = 7.25 × 10−5 𝑘𝑔/𝑠
𝑡×106 720×106

𝑄 = 𝑚̇𝑐4 × 𝑥 × ℎ𝑓𝑔 × 103 = 7.25 × 10−5 × 0.88 × 2104.2 × 103 = 134.25 𝑊

Comparing thermal conductivity of the fiber glass (glass wool) experiment we observed
a significant difference between our result and thermal conductivity based on a research
done by ( Yousef Vazifeshenas and Hasan sajadi) in the name of (Enhancing Residential
Building Operation through its Envelope) they calculated thermal conductivity as
k=0.04 W/m2.K and our thermal conductivity for glass wool was 0.095 𝑊/𝑚. ℃ and this
difference was because of the quality of the fiber glass and its oxidation during a long
period of time because the experiment device we worked on is almost 60 years old I
chose to compare thermal conductivity of fiber glass because now days fiber glass is
widely used for insulation among the world.