RATIO

Compiled and edited by

Frederick B. Chengay
 z Starter Questions
Starter Questions

4. The number of students in a chess club

decreased from 18 to 12. What is the percent
decrease? Round to the nearest percent.
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14.1 Simplifying ratios, pp. 136-137

OBJECTIVE:
z 7Nf.10 Use knowledge of equivalence to
simplify and compare ratios.
Key vocabulary:
ratio
simplify, equivalence

Key phrases:
The ratios … and … are equivalent
Simplify the ratio …
The ratio … is in its simplest form
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What is ratio?
§ A ratio is a way of comparing two or
more numbers or quantities.

§ The symbol “ : ” is used to show ratio.

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Ratios can be used to compare different quantities

Example : There are 2 triangles and 3 rectangles.

The ratio of triangles to rectangles

is said to be 2 : 3

Note: The ratio of rectangles to

triangles is said to be 3 : 2
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A bird rescue group is caring for 3 eagles,
2 hawks, and 5 owls in their rescue center.

You can compare the numbers of different types of birds using ratios.
There are three ways to write the ratio of owls to eagles in the rescue center.
Using word “to” As a fraction With a colon

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5 to 3 5:3
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Ratios can be written to compare a part to a part,
a part to a whole, or a whole to a part.
A bird rescue group is caring for 3 eagles,
2 hawks,
z and 5 owls in their rescue center.

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Simplifying ratios
What is the ratio of red to yellow counters?

yellow : red 2:5

2 : 4 highest common factor
÷2 ÷2
1:2
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Jizzakh Samsa – Recipe
Meat - 400 Grams Olive oil - 1 tbsp. the spoon
Onion - 400 Grams Zira - To taste
Flour - 300 Grams Cilantro Seeds - To taste
Water - 300 Milliliters
Salt, pepper - To taste
Egg - 1 Piece
Number of Servings: 10

§ Bahriddin Chustiy sees this recipe for

Jizzakh’s famous samsa. He says that
the ratio of flour to meat is 4:3.

Is Bahriddin Chustiy correct? Explain

your answer.
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ACTIVITY

Click the link shared in the

chatbox.

You are given 5 minutes

to do it.
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§ Zena adds 4 cups of flour for every 3
cups of sugar in her recipe. Draw a
model that compares cups of flour to
cups of sugar.
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Homework

Page 137, Exercise 14.1

Answer 1-6 in your NB.

Coursebook
z Page 137| Answer key
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z Sharing in a ratio
pp. 138-139
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To share in a given ratio
• Add the numbers in the ratio to find the total number of parts.
• Divide the amount to be shared by the total number of parts to find the value of one part.
• Use multiplication to work out the value of each share.
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1. Copy and complete the workings to share $45 between
Ethan and Julie in the ratio 1 : 4.
z Share these amounts between Lin and Kuan-yin in
2.
the ratios given.
(a) $35 in the ratio 2 : 3

(b) $56 in the ratio 2 : 5

(c) $49 in the ratio 3 : 4

(d) $32 in the ratio 5 : 3

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3 Raine and Abella share an electricity bill in
the ratio 5 : 4. The electricity bill is $72. How
much does each of them pay?
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4 A tin of biscuits contains shortbread and
choc-chip biscuits in the ratio 2 : 3. The tin
contains 40 biscuits.
How many shortbread biscuits are there in
the tin?
2+3=5
40 ÷ 5 = 8
8 × 2 = 16 shortbread biscuits
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5 Brad and Lola bought a painting for $120. Brad
paid $80 and Lola paid $40.
a Write the ratio of the amount they each paid in
its simplest form.

2:1

b Ten years later they sold the painting for $630.

How much should each of them get?
2+1=3
630 ÷ 3 = 210
Brad: $420, Lola: $210
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6
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8 William and Emma buy a racehorse.

William pays $3000 and Emma pays $4000.

a Write the ratio of the amount they each pay in

Activity its simplest form.
2:1
b The horse wins prize money of $12 600.
How much should each of them get?
3+4=7
12 600 ÷ 7 = 1800
Brad: $5400, Lola: $7200
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HOMEWORK
Coursebook
Page 139
9,10,11
…in five years’ time
3 + 7 = 10
(3+5) + (7+5) = 20
320 ÷ 10 = 32
320 ÷ 20 = 16
32 x 3 = 96
16 x 8 = 128
128 – 96 = 32
Proportions
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Term 3| January 2023

 z What is proportion?

§ Proportion says that two ratios (or fractions) are equal.

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Notation for proportional relationships

§ This symbol ‘∝ ’ means ‘is proportional to’.

§ If y is directly proportional to x you can write it as y ∝ x.

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§ If y is inversely proportional to x you can write it as y ∝ .
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Notation for proportional relationships
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14.3 Direct Proportion

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pp. 140-141
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HOMEWORK
Coursebook ? ?
Page 140
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1-6
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Term 3|Stage 7

Scale drawings
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9 12 15 18

𝐢𝐧
,
𝟒 𝟏𝟔
= , x = 16⋅3÷4 = 12 ft
𝐟𝐭 𝟑 𝒙

𝟒 𝒙
=
𝟑 𝟑𝟑 , x = 4⋅33÷3 = 44 ft
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You can write a scale in three ways:

• using the word ‘represents’, for example, ‘1 cm represents 100 cm’
• using the word ‘to’, for example, ‘1 to 100’
• using a ratio sign, for example, ‘1 : 100’.
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This is a sketch of a garden.
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Draw a scale drawing of the garden.

Use a scale of ‘1 cm represents 2 m’
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a 1 cm to 25 cm => 0.01 m to 0.25 m

i 0.25 x 12 = 3 m ii 1.5 m iii 1 m iv 0.5 m v 2 m vi 2 m

b 2 cm
c 7 cm