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  • 64d65166c65fb90018b72f6b - ## - Chemical Bonding 02 Class Notes

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    Saurabh Kumar
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    The document summarizes key points from a lecture on chemical bonding: 1) It discusses Lewis dot structures, formal charge, and valence bond theory. 2) Examples are given of Lewis dot structures for different molecules such as N2, Cl2, NaCl, BeCl2, CO2, CH4, NH3, BH3, NH4+, BH4-, NF3, O3, CO32-, H2CO3, NO2-, HNO2, NO3-, HNO3. 3) Limitations of the octet rule are outlined for elements in the second period and below, compounds with incomplete octets, odd electron molecules, and expanded octets.

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    Chemical bonding

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    64d65166c65fb90018b72f6b_##_Chemical Bonding 02 Class Notes

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    The document summarizes key points from a lecture on chemical bonding: 1) It discusses Lewis dot structures, formal charge, and valence bond theory. 2) Examples are given of Lewis dot structures for different molecules such as N2, Cl2, NaCl, BeCl2, CO2, CH4, NH3, BH3, NH4+, BH4-, NF3, O3, CO32-, H2CO3, NO2-, HNO2, NO3-, HNO3. 3) Limitations of the octet rule are outlined for elements in the second period and below, compounds with incomplete octets, odd electron molecules, and expanded octets.

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    16 views18 pages

    64d65166c65fb90018b72f6b - ## - Chemical Bonding 02 Class Notes

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Kumar
    The document summarizes key points from a lecture on chemical bonding: 1) It discusses Lewis dot structures, formal charge, and valence bond theory. 2) Examples are given of Lewis dot structures for different molecules such as N2, Cl2, NaCl, BeCl2, CO2, CH4, NH3, BH3, NH4+, BH4-, NF3, O3, CO32-, H2CO3, NO2-, HNO2, NO3-, HNO3. 3) Limitations of the octet rule are outlined for elements in the second period and below, compounds with incomplete octets, odd electron molecules, and expanded octets.

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    of 18

    -JEE 2024 Exam-

    ❑ Subject – Inorganic Chemistry


    ❑ Chapter – Chemical Bonding
    OM PANDEY , IIT Delhi
    Lecture No.- 2
    1 Lewis Dot Structure

    2 Formal Charge

    3 Valence Bond Theory

    Today’s Targets
    Question
    Three element of the 3rd period x, y, z such that the oxide of x is acidic, y is
    amphoteric and z is basic, the order of atomic no. of three elements is
    [2020/2 sep/Shift-1]
    A x>y>z

    B y>x>z

    C z>x>y
    D x>z>y
    Lewis Dot Structure

    N2

    Cl2

    NaCl
    BeCl2 CO2

    Central Atom

    Less in number
    CH4
    Least electronegative

    Maximum no of bonds
    NH3 BH3

    NH4+ BH4–

    NF3

    F & H always side atom.


    OMR – Om’s Rule
    O3

    CO32– H2CO3

    NO2– HNO2

    NO3– HNO3
    Limitations of Octet rule

    1. It applies mainly to 2nd period elements.

    2. Incomplete Octet

    Li Cl AlCl3

    BH3
    3. Odd Electron Molecules :
    NO NO2 ClO2

    4. Expanded or Super or Hypervalent Octet :

    PF5 SF6
    SO42– H2SO4

    ClO4– HClO4

    PO43–
    H3PO4
    5. octet rule is based upon the chemical inertness of noble gases.
    XeF2 , KrF2 , XeOF2
    Question
    Which one is the electron deficient compound :

    A ICI

    B NH3

    C BCl3
    D PCl3
    Question
    The octet rule is not obeyed in :

    A CO2

    B BCl3

    C PCl5
    D (B) and (C) both
    Formal Charge
    Difference between the number of valence electrons of that atom in free state
    and the number of electrons assigned to that atom in the lewis structure .

    V = Total number of valence electrons in the free atom


    N = Number of non-bonding electrons
    B = Number of bonding electrons
    HNO3 CO

    OMR – Om’s Rule


    Oxygen :

    Nitrogen :

    Boron :
    Home Work
    Question
    How many compounds violate octet rule?
    (i) CO2 (ii) PCl5 (iii) SiF4 (iv) BrF5
    (v) IF4 (vi) PCl3 (vii) H2SO4 (viii) BF3
    Question
    Write the reason for the violation of octet rule by various molecules?
    BCl3, XeF2, NO, IF7, NO2, ClF3, ClO2

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