Biography

Judy Baca
by Anna Harris

PAIRED
Vibrant Los Angeles
READ

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 STRATEGIES & SKILLS
Comprehension ELL Vocabulary
Strategy: Ask and neighborhood, program
Answer Questions
Skill: Sequence Content Standards
Social Studies
Vocabulary Strategy Culture and Diversity
Compound Words

Vocabulary
admired, classmates,
community, contribute,
practice, pronounce,
scared, tumble Word count: 822**

Photography Credit: Cover “Judith F. Baca at the Great Wall of Los Angeles” 2005. Courtesy of SPARC
(www.sparcmurals.org).
**The total word count is based on words in the running text and headings only. Numerals and words
in captions, labels, diagrams, charts, and sidebars are not included.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by
any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, network storage or transmission, or
broadcast for distance learning.

Send all inquiries to:

McGraw-Hill Education
Two Penn Plaza
New York, New York 10121

ISBN: 978-0-02-119048-5
MHID: 0-02-119048-8

Printed in the United States.

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 Genre Biography

Essential Question
How do people from different cultures
contribute to a community?

Judy Baca
by Anna Harris

Chapter 1
Young Judy Baca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Chapter 2
The Great Wall of Los Angeles . . . . . . 8
Chapter 3
More Recent Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Respond to Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
PAIRED
READ Vibrant Los Angeles . . . . . . . .16

Glossary/Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Focus on Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . 20

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 CHAPTER 1

Young Judy Baca

Judy Baca is an artist from Los
Angeles. She paints murals. Murals are
paintings on large walls. Judy was born
in 1946. Her family is from Mexico.
Judy comes from a family of strong
women. Judy’s mother worked in a tire
factory. Judy’s grandmother cared for
her when her mother worked.

A mural is a piece of art painted on a wall.

mural
Kenneth Johansson/CORBIS

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 California
UNITED STATES
Los Angeles

N
MEXICO

When Judy was six years old, she

had to move to a new neighborhood in
Los Angeles. Judy had always talked in
Spanish. At the new school, she wasn’t
allowed to talk in Spanish. She had few
Mexican American classmates.

At first, it was difficult for Judy to

pronounce and understand English words.
Judy’s teacher let her draw and paint
when she couldn’t understand the lessons.
Judy began to love painting. Later, she
studied modern art in college.

Judy is the subject of the

Mountain High Maps/Digital Wisdom

sentence. Find the subject

of the second sentence
in the second paragraph.
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 After she finished college, Judy worked
for the city of Los Angeles. She worked
in a neighborhood called Boyle Heights.
She taught art classes in the parks.
Judy observed that groups of teenagers
hung out in the parks. The groups did
not get along. So she asked 20 of the
teenagers to help her paint a mural to
help them get along.

At first, people in the community

tried to stop the mural. But when the
mural was finished, people loved it. The
mural was called Mi Abuelita. It showed
a Mexican American grandmother. She
looked as if she was giving a hug.
Boyle Heights was a Mexican-American
neighborhood. The mural appealed to the
people’s Mexican heritage or traditions.
“Mi Abuelita” Judith F Baca ©1970 Courtesy of SPARC

The mural became a symbol of unity.

gathered together.
En español, hung out quiere decir
pasaban el tiempo.

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 Mexican-American
grandmother
“Mi Abuelita” Judith F. Baca ©1970. Courtesy of SPARC

The Mi Abuelita mural was painted

in a park in Boy
yle Heig
ghts.
(www.sparcmurals.org)

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 After the success of Mi Abuelita, Judy
started a citywide mural program. She
hired many young people to paint murals.
They created 500 murals in Los Angeles.
Sometimes, the city leaders did not like
the ideas for these murals. Judy wanted
the program to have more freedom. So in
1976, she started a new group called the
Social and Public Art Resource Center, or
SPARC. This group makes art for people
of many different cultures.

Artist Rip Cronk painted this

mural for SPARC in 1989.
Wendy Connett/Alamy

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 The Murals of Mexico
Murals have been an artform in Mexico for a
long time. The ancient Maya painted pictures
on temple walls. In the 1900s, artists Diego
Rivera, José Orozco, and David Siqueiros were
famous. They were called Los Tres Grandes.
They painted murals to show everyday people
in Mexico. Judy Baca admired their work.

women

babies
John Dominis/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images

Th
These
hese w women and d ttheir
heir bbabies
b
bi s aree
pa
artt off a mural
mu by
by DDavid
vid
id S
Siq
queiros.
s

STOP AND CHECK

Describe the Mi Abuelita mural.

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 CHAPTER 2

The Great Wall of Los Angeles

In 1976, Judy was asked to paint a
very long mural in Los Angeles. The
people of Los Angeles come from many
different cultures. Judy wanted to show
how the people contribute to the city.
She created a mural that shows famous
men and women and ordinary people.
The mural is named The Great Wall

(b) “Great Wall of Los Angeles: Asians Gain Citizenship and Property” Judith F. Baca ©1976. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)
of Los Angeles. It shows the history of
California.

(t) “Great Wall of Los Angeles: Pre-Historic California” Judith F. Baca ©1976. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)
The mural shows the Native American
people who lived in California. It shows
the Spanish who settled in California. It
shows the time when California was part
of Mexico. It shows the immigrants that
came later to California. It shows people
fighting for rights. It shows the brave
things people did, too.

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 Native American

This part of The Great Walll shows the Native

American peop ple who first lived in the area.

Asian Americans

This part of The Great Walll shows Asian

Americans becomingg citizens of the United States.

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 The Great Wall of Los Angeles is half a
mile long. It is the longest mural in the
world. Over 400 people worked on the
mural from 1976 to 1983. Many teenagers
worked on the mural. They came from
many different cultures. The mural is not
finished yet. Judy is planning to paint the
events of the 1960s to now!

The mural is the subject

of the sentence. Find the
predicate of the sentence.

Mural Makers at the “Great Wall of Los Angeles,” circa 1981. Judith F. Baca ©1976. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)
mural artists

This photo shows a group of The Great

Wall of Los Ang
geles painters from the 1980s.
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 Looking after The Great Wall
Some parts of The Great Wall are 35 years
old. The mural has dealt with sun, rain, and
pollution. Now, it is getting fixed. A team of
people is slowly cleaning every part of the
mural. They are bringing back all the bright
colors and images!
“Judith F. Baca at the Great Wall of Los Angeles” 2005. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)

Judy Baca

Judy
Judy
dy is
i helping
he
elping
lpi g a team
tea
am ooff p
people
people
p l toto
clean
n and
nd
d repaint
repa
repaint Th
The
h Great
he G Wall
Wall..

STOP AND CHECK

What does The Great Wall show?

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 CHAPTER 3

More Recent Work

In 1996, Judy started the Digital Mural
Lab. People use computers to make
murals. One project is called Witnesses to
L.A. History. Art students made six large
digital images. Each image stood for a
different cultural group. Judy wanted
to show that all of the cultural groups
contribute to the city. They are part of
the multiethnic history of Los Angeles.

represented. En español,
stood for quiere decir representaba.

“Witnesses to the History of Los Angeles: Biddy Mason” A student-produced public art project by the
UCLA/SPARC César E. Chávez Digital/Mural Lab, conducted by Professor Judith F. Baca ©1996.

One mural shows

Biddy Mason. Biddy
was freed from
slavery after coming
to California. Biddy
became a nurse who
cared for the poor.

Biddy Mason

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 This banner
shows two
teenagers
“talking” about
the future.

teenagers

In 1999, Judy began a project with 125

“Shoulder To Shoulder Banners: The Future” SPARC ©2000, Youth Workshop in partnership with the City of Los Angeles

teenagers from different backgrounds

Human Relations Commission Shoulder to Shoulder Program. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)

and cultures. Each teenager was given a

UCLA/SPARC César E. Chávez Digital/Mural Lab, conducted by Professor Judith F. Baca ©1996.

partner to work with. The teenagers were

partners with someone very different from
them. The pairs talked about how they
were the same. They talked about how
they were different. Then the teenagers
painted banners to show what they had
learned. The banners were hung all over
Los Angeles.
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 Judy has made Los Angeles a more
colorful place. Her murals show the
history of people from many different
cultures. Judy admires these people. Judy
Baca has helped fill Los Angeles with
images. These images show the hopes
and dreams of the people of Los Angeles.

The Great Wall of Los Angeles could

be Judy
y Baca’s greatest achievement.

yo u c an ! If
“H ave th e b ig g e st vis io n
“Great Wall of Los Angeles: 442nd Japanese Americans” circa 1981.
Judith F. Baca ©1976. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)

n ot o c c u r.”
yo u c an’t d re am it , it c an
—J ud y Ba ca

STOP AND CHECK

Describe one of Judy

Baca’s recent projects.
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 Summarize
Event

Summarize the main things Event

Judy Baca has done for Event

people in Los Angeles. Use the
Event
Sequence Chart to help you.

Text Evidence
1. What kind of text is Judy Baca?
Genre

2. What words or phrases on page 3

show events in order? Sequence

3. What do you think citywide means?

Judith F. Baca ©1976. Courtesy of SPARC (www.sparcmurals.org)

Read page 6 to help you figure out

its meaning. Compound Words

4. Write about three of Judy’s murals

or projects. Put the events in the
correct order. Write About Reading
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 Genre Expository Text

Compare Texts
Read about three neighborhoods in
Judy Baca’s hometown of Los Angeles.

V i br a n t
L o s A n g e l e s
LOS ANGELES
Let’s learn about Boyle
some fun communities Heights
in Los Angeles. Leimert
Venice
Park
Leimert Park Beach

Many artists and

KEY
musicians live in City of
Leimert Park. Famous Los Angeles

singers Ray Charles and

Ella Fitzgerald lived there. Today, Leimert
Park has many places to hear jazz music.
It has a famous hip-hop show. Anyone
from the audience can perform.
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 Boyle Heights
Many Hispanic people live in Boyle
Heights. A street corner named Mariachi
Plaza is popular. Mariachi bands play
music together in the evenings. People
come to listen to the music.

ES

Mariachi musicians perform at Mariachi Plaza.

David McNew/Getty Images News/Getty Images

mariachi musicians

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 Venice Beach
Venice Beach
has many street
performers. They
gather on a wide
path beside the beach.
Venice Beach also
attracts people who Basketball players
test their skills at
aren’t scared to take a
Venice Beach.
tumble. It has places

Bill Bachmann/Photo Researchers/Getty Images

for rope climbers and
acrobats. Streetball players
practice on the ball courts, too.

Make Connections
What skills or talents do people bring
to each of the three neighborhoods?
Essential Question

How is Judy Baca similar to the people

from these neighborhoods? How is she
different? Text to Text
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 Glossary
digital images images made using
a computer (page 12)
immigrants people who move to the
U.S. from other countries (page 8)
multiethnic made up of people from
many different cultures (page 12)
murals large artworks painted on
outdoor walls (page 2)
unity a feeling of togetherness or
agreement (page 4)

Index
Boyle Heights, 4, 5, 17 Los Tres Grandes, 7
digital images, 12 Mexican Americans,
The Great Wall of 3–5
Los Angeles, 8–11, 14 murals, 2, 4–8,
10–12, 14

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 Purpose To design a mural for your
neighborhood.

What to Do
Step 1 Choose a blank wall in your
neighborhood.

Step 2 Find out more about the people

and places around the wall.

Step 3 Choose one event, person,

or group.

Step 4 Design a mural about your

subject. Plan out the main
images on a piece of paper
or on a computer.

Conclusion What did you learn

about your neighborhood?

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 Literature Circles

Nonfiction

The Topic
What is this book mostly about?

Vocabulary
What new words did you learn from
the text?

Conclusions
What are the most important facts
you learned?

Author’s Purpose
Why do you think the author wrote
this book?

Make Connections
Do you make art, and if so, why?
How can art be helpful to people?

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 Communities Social Studies

GR L • Benchmark 24 • Lexile [t/k]

Grade 3 • Unit 1 Week 3

www.mheonline.com

ISBN-13 978-0-02-119048-5
MHID 0-02-119048-8
99701
EAN

9 780021 190485
3

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