BASIC CHEMISTRY 1 (PDMS 4133)

EXPERIMENT 1
MOLE CONCEPT (MEASUREMENT OF CONCENTRATION)

Prepared by:

NAME MATRIX NUMBER

MUHAMMAD SHAHRUL SYAZWAN BIN DMS09220016
SHAHRIZAL
MUHAMMAD FARIS BIN SHAMAS DMS09220039

ARIF FAHMI BIN AWANG DMS09220052

MUHAMMAD FARISH DANIEL BIN FAIDZAL DMS09220059

MUHAMMAD FAIZ FARHAN BIN MOHD AZAMI DMS09220058

MUHAMMAD DANISH BIN MOHMAD NOR DMS09220057

ARIFIN

Lecture’s Name:
MISS ZULFA BINTI ZAKUAN
OBJECTIVE

To determine the concentration of solution.

INTRODUCTION
A measurement of how much solute has dissolved in a specific amount of solvent is
known as a solution's concentration. There are various ways to express how much
solute is in a solution, including parts per million/billion, molarity, percent by mass,
and percent by volume.
MATERIALS NEEDED

1. Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) powder

2. Sodium Chloride (NaCL) powder
3. Stock hydroxide (NaOH) powder
4. Stock hydrochloric acid 5M
5. Distilled water
6. Volumetric flask (250 mL)
7. Breaker 250 mL
8. Volumetric pipette
9. Pipette bulb
10. Weighting balance
11. Weighing boat
12. Spatula
PROCEDURE

a) Preparation of solution with molarity

1. Calculate the mass needed to obtain 2M of KOH using the molarity formula.
2. The powders of KOH were weighed using a weighing balance.
3. Transferred the powders into 250 mL breaker to dissolve it with some
distilled water.
 4. Transferred the solution into a volumetric flask and washed the residue of the
powder using distilled water.
5. The remaining distilled water was filled until meniscus of the volumetric
flask.

b) Dilution of solution from stock solution

1. Using the molarity formula, determine the amount needed to dilute the stock
solution, 5M of HCL, to 1M.
2. Transferred the calculated amounts to a 250 mL volumetric flask.
3. Using distilled water, washed the solution residue inside the volumetric
pipette.
4. Added the remaining distilled water until the volumetric flask’s meniscus is
achieved.

RESULT

a) Preparation of solution with molarity

Molarity Num. of mole Mass

KOH 2M 0.2 mol 11.2 g

M » mol
n = MV
n = 2M (O.1L)
n = 0.2 mol

mol » mass
= mol x rmm
= 0.2 mol x (39 + 16 + 1)
= 11.2 g

b) Dilution of solution from stock solution

Before After

KOH 2M 1M

M1V1 = M2V2
2M (V1) = 1M (100 ml)
V1 = 100/ 2
= 50 ml
* 2M of KOH is diluted in 50 ml of solution to become 1M solution

DISCUSSION

Based on the result,A solution concentration is a measure of the quantity of solute that
has been dissolved in a given quantity of solvent or solution. One that contains a
relatively high volume of dissolved solute is a concentrated solution. That that
contains a relatively minimal volume of dissolved solute is a dilute solution.A dilution
is a solution made by adding more solvent to a more concentrated solution (stock
solution), which reduces the concentration of the solute. An example of a dilute
solution is tap water, which is mostly water (solvent), with a small amount of
dissolved minerals and gasses (solutes).Firstly,we need to determine the concentration
of solution we have to divide the mass of the solute by the total volume of the
solution. Write the equation C = m/V, where m is the mass of the solute and V is the
total volume of the solution. Plug in the values you found for mass and volume, and
divide them to find the concentration of your solution.Next,we have to Stock Solution
Dilutions M1 x V1 = M2 x V2.
M1 = stock concentration (beginning concentration)
V1 = volume of stock required to prepare new solution.
M2= concentration of new or working solution (desired concentration)
V2= volume of new solution desired.

Precaution
- Eye protection is essential.
- Identify safety equipment
- Keep work area clean
- Stay Focused and Aware of Your Surroundings.
CONCLUSION
The objective has been achieved. Based on the result,