TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KỸ THUẬT - CÔNG NGHỆ CẦN THƠ

KHOA ĐIỆN - ĐIỆN TỬ - VIỄN THÔNG

BÁO CÁO

TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGHÀNH

Giảng Viên Hướng Dẫn: Sinh Viên Thực Hiện:

Th.s Trần Trung Khánh
Nhóm 4

Cần Thơ - 2022

 INDUCTION MOTOR
Hi, everyone Let me introduce myself; my name is …, member of team 4. Good
to see you all.( Chào mọi người. Để tôi tự giới thiệu, tên tôi là …, là thành viên
của nhóm 4, Rất vui được gặp tất cả các bạn)
The subject of we talk is Induction Motor.(Chủ đề cuộc nói chuyện của chúng
tôi là Máy điện cảm ứng)
My presentation is divided into 7 parts. (Bài thuyết trình của tôi được chia ra
thành x phần.)
I’ll start with READING COMPREHENSION next VOCABULARY
next GRAMMAR next International articles next DIALOGUE and finally
Questions (Tôi bắt đầu với…sau đó là…tiếp theo đến…cuối cùng là…).
I’d be grateful if you could leave any questions to the end. (Tôi rất vui nếu bạn
đặt câu hỏi khi bài thuyết trình kết thúc)
Ok, I’ve explained how… (Được rồi, tôi sẽ trình bày về…)

I. READING COMPREHENSION
1. What is an induction motor ?
An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an AC electric motor in which
the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by
electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding.An
induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor.
An induction motor's rotor can be either wound type or squirrel-cage type.
Three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors are widely used as industrial
drives because they are self-starting, reliable and economical. Single-phase
induction motors are used extensively for smaller loads, such as household
appliances like fans. Although traditionally used in fixed-speed service, induction
motors are increasingly being used with variable-frequency drives (VFD) in
variable-speed service. VFDs offer especially important energy savings
opportunities for existing and prospective induction motors in variable-torque
centrifugal fan, pump and compressor load applications. Squirrel-cage induction
motors are very widely used in both fixed-speed and variable-frequency drive
applications.

Now I want to describe… (Bây giờ tôi muốn miêu tả về…)

2. Composition
2.1. Stator
The stator is composed of 2 main parts: conductor and steel core.
The steel core of the stator is cylindrical, consisting of many electrically
engineered steel foils containing ash side grooves.
The wire wrapped around the stator can be made from steel, aluminum or
copper and coated with insulation to reduce.
2.2. Rotor
 The Rotor Consists of: steel core, winding wire and motor shaft.
The steel core will consist of many steel foils embedded in the stator steel core
rigidly attached to each other.

The outer side of the steel foil is grooved to wrap the conductor. In the middle
of the steel core is stamped holes to install the motor shaft.

3. Principle of operation (nguyên lí hđ) (Hải Đăng)

In both induction and synchronous motors, the AC power supplied to the
motor's stator creates a magnetic field that rotates in synchronism with the AC
oscillations. Whereas a synchronous motor's rotor turns at the same rate as the stator
field, an induction motor's rotor rotates at a somewhat slower speed than the stator
field. The induction motor stator's magnetic field is therefore changing or rotating
relative to the rotor. This induces an opposing current in the induction motor's rotor,
in effect the motor's secondary winding, when the latter is short-circuited or closed
through an external impedance.The rotating magnetic flux induces currents in the
windings of the rotor, in a manner similar to currents induced in a transformer's
secondary winding.

4. Types of Induction Motors (phân loại)

The types of induction motors can be classified depending on whether they are a
single phase or three phase induction motor.
 Single Phase Induction Motor
- The types of single phase induction motors include.

- Split Phase Induction Motor.

- Capacitor Start Induction Motor.

- Capacitor Start and Capacitor Run Induction Motor.

- Shaded Pole Induction Motor.
 Three Phase Induction Motor
- The types of three phase induction motors include.
- Squirrel Cage Induction Motor.

- Slip Ring Induction Motor.

5. Rotation reversal (đảo chiều)

The method of changing the direction of rotation of an induction motor
depends on whether it is a three-phase or single-phase machine. A three-phase
motor can be reversed by swapping any two of its phase connections. Motors
required to change direction regularly (such as hoists) will have extra switching
contacts in their controller to reverse rotation as needed. A variable frequency drive
nearly always permits reversal by electronically changing the phase sequence of
voltage applied to the motor.
In a single-phase split-phase motor, reversal is achieved by reversing the
connections of the starting winding. Some motors bring out the start winding
connections to allow selection of rotation direction at installation. If the start
winding is permanently connected within the motor, it is impractical to reverse the
sense of rotation. Single-phase shaded-pole motors have a fixed rotation unless a
second set of shading windings is provided.
6. Power factor (hscs) (Bằng)
The power factor of induction motors varies with load, typically from around
0.85 or 0.90 at full load to as low as about 0.20 at no-load, due to stator and rotor
leakage and magnetizing reactances. Power factor can be improved by connecting
capacitors either on an individual motor basis or, by preference, on a common bus
covering several motors. For economic and other considerations, power systems are
rarely power factor corrected to unity power factor. Power capacitor application
with harmonic currents requires power system analysis to avoid harmonic resonance
between capacitors and transformer and circuit reactances. Common bus power
factor correction is recommended to minimize resonant risk and to simplify power
system analysis.
7. Advantages (ưu điểm)
- Low Cost
- Low Maintenance Cost

- Ease of Operation
- Speed Variation
- High Starting Torque
- Durability

8. Disadvantages (nhược điểm)

- The initial torque of the squirrel cage induction motor is not low.

- This motor consists of a high starting current that will cause a voltage
drop at the time of start.

9. Applications (ứng dụng)

- Lifts
- Cranes
 - Hoists

- Large capacity exhaust fans

- Driving lathe machines

- Crushers
- Oil extracting mills

- Textile and etc.

So now we come to the next point, which is… (Bây giờ chúng ta sẽ đến với
phần tiếp theo, về…)

II. GRAMMAR
S+V+O

A three-phase motor can be reversed by swapping any two of its phase connections.
Some motors bring out the start winding connections to allow selection of rotation
direction at installation.
Power factor can be improved by connecting capacitors either on an individual
motor basis or, by preference, on a common bus covering several motors.
In Both + N + and + N

In both induction and synchronous motors, the AC power supplied to the motor's
stator creates a magnetic field that rotates in synchronism with the AC oscillations.
Consist of: N,N,…and N.

The Rotor Consists of steel core, winding wire and motor shaft.
….N (thing) + WHICH + S + V + by O
An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an AC electric motor in which the
electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic
induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding
Either N1 or N2 + V
An induction motor's rotor can be either wound type or squirrel-cage type.
Power factor can be improved by connecting capacitors either on an individual
motor basis or, by preference, on a common bus covering several motors.
S + be + V3/ed + (by + O)
Common bus power factor correction is recommended to minimize resonant risk
and to simplify power system analysis.

Conditional sentences

If + thì quá khứ hoàn thành], [would + have + V3/V-ed]

IV. DIALOGUE

A: where are you studying ?

B:I studied at Can Tho University of Engineering and Technology.
A:What faculty do you study in ?
B: I studied electrical science
A: What are you studying ?
B: I'm in electrical class.
A: What year are you in ?
B: I'm in my fourth year.

Let’s turn to the next issue… (Hãy đến với vấn đề tiếp theo)
V. International articles (Bài báo)
 V. DIALOGUE (Bằng+ Bình)

A: where are you studying ?

B:I studied at Can Tho University of Engineering and Technology.
A:What faculty do you study in ?
B: I studied electrical science
A: What are you studying ?
B: I'm in electrical class.
A: What year are you in ?
B: I'm in my fourth year.

PG
That’s all we want to say (Đó là những gì tôi muốn nói)
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
(Tôi cảm ơn bạn vì đã dành thời gian lắng nghe bài thuyết trình của tôi.)
Raise your hand if you have any questions (đưa tay lên nếu bạn có câu
hỏi)
VI. Questions
Why increased power factor ?

Because...
- Reduction in electicity bill

- Reduction in kvar demand

+ Reduction in line current

+ Reduction loading on transfomer

- Reductioning line cable losses