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Question Bank 1
Question Bank 1
Mathematics-I
Subject Code: BAS-103
1.1 Inverse of a matrix by elementary transformations
0 1 2
1. Using elementary row transformation, find the inverse of the matrix 1 2 3 [2003,2017]
3 1 1
3 3 4
2. Find the inverse of the matrix A = 2 3 4, by employing elementary transformation.
0 1 1
[2013, 2001]
3. Explain the working rule to find the inverse of a matrix A by elementary row or column
transformations. [ 2012]
4. Using elementary row transformation, find the inverse of the following matrix
2 3 4
4 3 1 [2011]
1 2 4
1 1 1
2 3 5
1 1 1
5. Find the inverse of the matrix [2007]
3 5 7
1 1 1
5 7 11
6. Define singular and non-singular matrices and, hence, employing elementary transformations,
0 1 2
find the inverse of the matrix A = 1 2 3 [2000]
3 1 1
1.2 Rank of a matrix ( Echelon and Normal form)
7. Use elementary transformations, find the rank of the following matrix: [2012,2017]
2 1 3 1
1 2 3 1
A= .
1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
3 2 1
8. Find the rank of the matrix by reducing it to normal form 4 2 6 . [ 2015]
7 4 5
1 3 1 2
0 11 5 3
9. Reduce A to Echelon form and then to its row canonical form where A = .
2 5 3 1
4 1 1 5
Hence find the rank of A. [ 2014]
1 1 1
10. Determine the rank of the matrix: A = 0 1 1 [2013]
1 0 1
3 P P
11. Find the value of P for which the matrix: A = P 3 P is be of rank 1 . [2011]
P P 3
1 2 1
12. If: A = a 0 4 and adj adj A = A , find a .[2011]
1 1 1
13. Reduce the following matrix to normal form and hence find its rank,
5 3 14 4
0 1 2 1 [2010]
1 1 2 0
14. Find the rank of the following matrix using the elementary transformations
1 3 1 2
0 1 2 3 [2009]
3 4 1 2
2 3 2 4
3 2 1 2
15. Find the rank of matrix [2006]
3 2 3 4
2 4 0 5
16. Use elementary transformation to reduce following matrix A to triangular form and hence
2 3 1 1
1 1 2 4
find the rank of A . Where A = [2005]
3 1 3 2
6 3 0 7
1 2 1 4
2 4 3 4
17. Reduce the matrix A to its normal form when A = .
1 2 3 4
1 2 6 7
Hence find the rank of A . [2001, 2004]
18. Reduce the matrix A to the normal form and find its rank,
1 2 2 2
where A = 2 3 1 1 [2003]
1 3 5 5
19. Reduce the matrix A to its normal form and hence find its rank, where
2 1 3 6
A = 3 3 1 2 [2002]
1 1 1 2
20. Find the rank of the following matrix by reducing it to normal form
1 2 1 3
4 1 2 1
A= [2001]
3 1 1 2
1 2 0 1
21. Find the rank of the matrix
1 2 3 2
B 2 3 5 1
1 3 4 5
by reducing it into canonical form. [2000]
1.3 Consistency of Linear of Liner System of Equations and their equations
and their Solution
22. Investigate, for what values of and the equations:
x yz =6
x 2 y 3z = 10
x 2 y z =
have ( i ) No solution,
( ii ) A unique solution, and
( iii ) An infinite number of solutions. [2017, 2015, 2013, 2001, 2012]
23. Solve by calculating the inverse by elementary row operations:
x1 x2 x3 x4 = 0
x1 x2 x3 x4 = 4
[2014]
x1 x2 x3 x4 = 4
x1 x2 x3 x4 = 2
24. Test for consistency and solve the following system of equations:
2 x y 3z = 8
x 2 y z = 4 [2013, 2010]
3x y 4 z = 0
25. Test the consistency and hence, solve the following set of equations: [2012]
10 y 3z = 0
3x 3 y 2 z = 1
2x 3y z = 5
x 2 y = 4.
26. Show that the system of equations:
3x 4 y 5 z = A
4x 5 y 6z = B
5x 6 y 7 z = C
are consistent only if A, B and C are in arithmetic progression (A.P.). [2011]
27. Determine the value of a and b for which the following system of equations
3x 5 y az = 7,
x by 4 z = 3,
ax 4 y 5 z = 4
has (i ) No solution (ii ) A unique solution (iii ) Infinite no. of solutions. [2009]
28. Determine b such that the system of homogeneous equations
2x y 2z = 0
x y 3z = 0
4 x 3 y bz = 0
has (i ) Trivial solution, (ii ) Non-trivial solution. Find the non-trivial solution using matrix
method. [2008]
29. Check the consistency of the following system of linear non-homogeneous equations and
find the solution if it exists:
7 x1 2 x 2 3x3 = 16
2 x1 11x 2 5 x3 = 25 [ 2007]
x1 3x 2 4 x3 = 13
30. Solve the system of equations:
2 x1 3x 2 x3 = 9
x1 2 x 2 3x3 = 6 [2006]
3x1 1x2 x3 = 8
31. Test the consistency of the following system of linear equations and hence find the solution:
4 x1 x 2 = 12
x1 5 x 2 2 x3 = 0 [2005]
2 x 2 4 x3 = 8
32. Find the value of such that the following equations have unique solution:
x 2 y 2 z 1 = 0
4 x 2y z 2 = 0
6 x 6 y z 3 = 0
and use the matrix method to solve these equations, when = 2 . [2003]
33. Test the consistency of the following system of linear equations and, if consistent, solve
them:
x1 2 x 2 x3 = 3
3x1 x 2 2 x3 = 1
[2002]
2 x1 2 x 2 3x3 = 2
x1 x 2 x3 = 1
34. Test the consistency and hence solve the following set of equations
x1 2 x 2 x3 = 2
3x1 x 2 2 x3 = 1
[2001]
4 x1 3x 2 x3 = 3
2 x1 4 x 2 2 x3 = 4
35. Use matrix method, show that the equations 3x 3 y 2 z = 1 , x 2 y = 4 , 10 y 3z = 2 , and
3x y z = 4 are consistent and hence obtain the solution for x, y, z . [2000]
1.4 Cayley-Hamilton Theorem
3 2
36. If A = , then evaluate the value of the expression A 5I 2 A1 . [ 2016]
1 0
37. Express 2 A5 3 A4 A2 4 I as a linear polynomial in A , where[ 2016]
3 1
A= .
1 2
2 1 1
38. If A = 1 2 1
1 1 2
(a) State Cayley-Hamilton theorem [2005,2011]
(b) Find the characteristic equation [2003,2015]
(c) Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the following matrix [2004,2011,2015,2017]
(d) Compute A1 [2003,2004,2005]
(e) Evaluate A6 6 A5 9 A4 2 A3 12 A2 23 A 9 I . [2015]
1 2 3
39. If A = 2 4 5
3 5 6
(a) Find the characteristic equation
(b) Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the following matrix [2006, 2014]
(c) Find its inverse using this theorem [2006, 2014, 2013]
2 1 1
40. If A = 0 1 0
1 1 2
(a) Find the characteristic equation [2002, 2012]
(b) Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the following matrix [2013]
(c) Compute A1 [2002]
(d) Hence find the matrix represented by
A8 5 A7 7 A6 3 A5 A4 5 A3 8 A2 2 A I . [2002, 2012]
2 0 1
41. Show that the matrix A = 5 1 0 satisfies the matrix equation A3 6 A2 11A I = O ,
0 1 3
where I is an identity matrix of order 3 . Find A1 . [ 2011]
1 2
42. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix A = and hence find A1 . [2008]
2 1
43. Use Cayley-Hamilton theorem to find out the inverse of the following matrix:
4 3 1
2 1 2 [2001]
1 2 1
44. State and prove Cayley-Hamilton’s theorem. [2001]
1.5 Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors
4 2 101
45. Find the eigen values of the matrix , corresponding to the eigen vector . [ 2016]
2 4 101
3 10 5
46. Show that the matrix A = 2 3 4, has less than three linearly independent eigen
3 5 7
vectors. Is it possible to obtain a similarity transformation that will diagonalize this matrix?
[2013]
47. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the following matrix: [2012]
3 10 5
A = 2 3 4,
3 5 7
48. If 1 , 2 , 3 ,, n are the characteristics roots of the n -square matrix A and k is a scalar,
prove that the characteristic roots of [ A kI ] are 1 k , 2 k , 3 k , n k . [2012]
49. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the following matrix: [2011]
2 1 1
1 2 1,
1 2 2
8 6 2
50. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of matrix A = . 6 7 4 [2010]
2 4 3
5 2
51. Find the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of the matrix A = [2008]
2 2
52. Define the eigen values, eigen vectors and the characteristic equation of a square matrix.
Find the characteristic equation/ polynomial, eigen values and eigen vectors of the matrix:
2 5 7
5 3 1[2007]
7 0 2
1 2 2
53. Find the characteristic equation of the matrix 0 2 1
1 2 2
Also, find the eigen values and eigen vectors of this matrix. [2005,2006]
3 1 4
54. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of matrix A = 0 2 6 [2001, 2004]
0 0 5
55. Show that for any square matrix A , the product of all eigen values of A is equal to det ( A) . [
2003]
56. Show that the sum of the eigen values of a matrix is equal to the sum of the elements of its
principal diagonal. [ 2002]
57. If be an eigen value of a non-singular matrix A , show that
(a) 1 is an eigen value of A1 .
| A|
(b) is an eigen value of adjA . [2000]
1.6 Linear Dependence and Independence of Vectors
58. Show that the following vectors for linearly dependence and find the relation between them,
if possible: [2012]
X 1 = (1,1,1,1), X 2 = (1,1,2,1), X 3 = (3,1,0,1).
1 2 2
59. Show that row vectors of the matrix 1 3 0 are linearly independent. [ 2009]
0 2 1
60. Find the value of for which the vectors (1, 2, ) , (2,1,5) and (3, 5,7 ) are linearly
dependent. [ 2006]
61. Show that the vectors: X 1 = (1,2,4), X 2 = (2,1,3), X 3 = (0,1,2) and X 4 = (3,7,2) are
linearly dependent. Find the relation between them. [ 2002]
1.7 Diagonalisation
1 2 2
62. Reduce the matrix A to diagonal form 1 2 1 . [2000, 2003, 2005, 2016]
1 1 0
3 1 1
63. Diagonalize the following matrix A = 1 5 1 [2012]
1 1 3
3 1 1
64. Show that the matrix: A = 2 1 2 is diagonalizable. [2011]
0 1 2
1 6 1
65. Diagonalize the matrix 1 2 0 [2006]
0 0 3
1 1 1
1
67. Show that: A = 1 2 is unitary matrix, where is complex cube root of unity.
3
1 2
[2016]
2 3 2i 4
68. If A = 3 2i 5 6i Then show that A is Hermitian and iA skew Hermitian matrix.
4 6i 3
[2013]
0 1 2i
69. Define a unitary matrix. If N =
0
is a matrix, then show that
1 2i
( I N )( I N ) 1 is a Unitary Matrix where I is an identity matrix. [2000, 2012]
1 i 1 i
i 0 2 3i
70. Express the Hermitian matrix as P iQ , where P is a real symmetric
1 i 2 3i 2
and Q is real skew symmetric matrix. [2011]
i 0 0
71. Show that: 0 0 i is Skew-Hermitian and also unitary. [ 2011]
0 i 0
a ic b id
72. Show that the matrix is a unitary matrix if and only
b id a ic
if a 2 b 2 c 2 d 2 = 1 . [2010]
i 2 3i 4 5i
73. Express the matrix A = 6 i 0 4 5i as a sum of Hermitian and skew Hermitian
i 2 i 2 i
matrix. [2009]
2 i 3 1 3i
74. If A = show that A* A is a Hermitian matrix, where A* is the conjugate
5 i 4 2i
transpose of A . [2002]
75. Define Hermitian and Skew Hermitian matrices. If A be any square matrix, find the nature
(Hermitian and Skew Hermitian) of the following matrices: A A , AA and A A
where A means transpose conjugate of A . [2001]
1 1 1
1. Reduce the matrix into its normal form and find its rank. [2012,2017]
3 1 1
2. For what value of x , the eigen values of the given matrix are real [2016]
10 5 i 4
A = x 20 2 .
4 2 10
5 3 1 0
prove that A = 19 A 30 I . [2016]
3
3. For the given matrix A = and I =
2 0 0 1
4. Examine whether the vectors X 1 = [3,1,1], X 2 = [2,0,1], X 3 = [4,2,1] are linearly independent.
[ 2015]
1 0 0
5. If A = 2 3 0 , find the eigen values of A2 . [ 2015]
1 4 2
1 2
6. Find the inverse of the matrix by using elementary row operations, A = . [ 2015]
5 7
7. Define Vector space. [ 2013]
0 i 3
8. Show that the matrix 7 0 5i is Hermitian matrix. [ 2013]
3i 1 0
3 1 2
9. Find the rank of the following matrix by reducing into Echelon form 6 2 4. [ 2013]
3 1 2
1 0 0
10. Find the eigen values of A , where A = 2 3 0 . [ 2013]
2
3 4 5
1 1
11. Evaluate eigen values of . [ 2013]
1 1
1 1 1 i
12. Prove that the matrix A = is unitary. [ 2012]
3 1 i 1
1 2
13. Calculate the inverse of the matrix: . [ 2011]
5 7
1 1 1
14. The eigen values of 1 1 1 are [ 2011]
1 1 1
(a) 0,0,0 (b) 0,0,1 (c) 0,0,3 (d) 1,1,1
1 1 1
15. The rank of matrix 1 1 1 is [ 2011]
1 1 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3