Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES SUR

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET N0.4

Name of Student:
Learning Area/Grade Level
Date:
Activity Title:
3rd QUARTER
TVE – SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) 8
Common cause, defects and cure for weld

I. Introductory Concept
This Learning Activity Sheet covers the knowledge and skills involved in shielded metal
arc welding. This includes defects, common cause and cure for weld defects. Read,
understand the lesson and accomplish the given activity with utmost honesty.
A. Readings/Discussions
Common cause, defects and cure for weld
Poor parent metal preparation and poor technique in manipulating electrode during
welding process can cause weld defects and discontinuities. It is important that all welder
should know what the welding defects that they will encounter and how to work around and fix
it. Here are some of the welding defects, its causes and possible remedies.

Defects Cause Cure/ Remedy

1. Arc Blow Is caused when magnetic forces Reduce current or suitable
present in DC build up lines of polarity
magnetism around the arc and
cause the arc to blow wildly forward Change current to AC
or to outside, and spatter badly.

It can also be caused by high

amperage and the major problem
areas are thick plates, corners,
deep groove and the start and finish
of joints.

2. Pinholes and Both pinholes and porosity can be
porosity caused when length is too long and
travel is too fast.
Both pinholes and porosity can be
caused when length is too long and
travel is too fast.
Use shorter arc length and
keeping the puddle molten
for a longer period so that
the gasses may boil out
before the metal freezes.
Use dry electrode and
clean the surface of the
base metal.
 3. Undercutting It is usually caused by too high
current of too long arc length.
It is also caused by improper
electrode angle manipulation or too
fast a welding speed.
4. Spatter Too high current
To long arc length
5. Incomplete Insufficient welding current
penetration
Large electrode used
Too fast welding speed
II. Learning Skills from CBLM
LO 5.3 Common cause, defects and cure for welding
III. Activities
Activity 1. (Complete Me!)
Direction: Fill in the empty boxes with the correct letters to complete the word.
Reduce the current and
shortening the arc length.
Use smaller diameter of
electrode
Change the electrode
angle
Reduce current
Shorten arc length
Check the joint carefully,
inducting the root opening,
root face dimension and
the groove force angle.
Increase the weld current
Reduce the welding speed
Use smaller diameter of
electrode
Activity 2. (Tell Me Why?)
Directions. Explain briefly the questions below in not less than 3 sentences.

1. Why it is a necessary for a welder to know the welding defects, its causes and remedies?
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2. Interview at least four (4) welders in your area. Ask them the common defects that they
encountered in welding and how they repaired the defects. Compose a short narrative report
about your interview and make sure that your work is signed by the welder as a proof that an
interview was conducted. Narrative report must be written in a separate paper. (Browse the
internet and search what are the common defects encountered in a welding shop and
make a short narrative report about your findings. Answer must be written in a separate
paper. This activity should be used in lieu of the actual interview of welders during this
pandemic time.)
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Activity 3. (Try Me!)

Direction: Search the internet for the different welding defects encountered during welding.
Draw at least five (5) defects in a separate sheet.

IV. Rubrics

Rubrics for scoring Activity 2

Performance List
Criteria 10 8 5 2
Presentation of Ideas were Ideas were Some Ideas Off topic ideas.
Idea presented with presented with were good and
excellent details good details some were not.
Accuracy All spelling is 2 -4 words 5 -8 words More than 9
(Spelling) correct. misspelled misspelled spelling is
wrong
100 percent 80 percent 50 percent Messy and
Neatness clean (has no clean (1 or 2 clean 3 – 5 untidy
marks of any marks of marks of
erasure) erasures) erasures
 Rubrics for scoring Activity 3
Performance List
Criteria 20 15 10 5
Visual Impact Portrayed a Shown a very An image is Art work is not
master piece in good piece of seen and the pleasant to the
making an art art work student was able eye and no
work to make a acceptable
satisfactory art. appearance
Space The drawing The drawing The drawing is Drawing is so
occupied the occupied the small and not in small that
best proportion good position in the proper side/ spaces are
and size of the drawing area of the wasted/ So wide
objects drawn paper the drawing
paper is not
enough
100 - 90 percent 80 percent clean 50 percent clean Messy and
Neatness clean (has 1- 2 (3or 5 marks of 6– 8 marks of untidy
marks of any erasures) erasures
erasure)

V. Answer Keys
Activity 1.

Activity 2.
Note: Answers of students may vary and will be evaluated using the rubrics.
Activity 3.
Performance of students may vary and will be evaluated using the rubrics.

VI. References
Competency-Based Learning Material, Second Year, Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
NC I, Module 4, Laying-Out Beads on Carbon Steel Plate, page 38.
 Prepared by:

BENEDICK A. OCO
Teacher I

Quality Assured by:

JHURAM D. LANCAON FERNANDO M. BARRAMEDA

Teacher I Principal I

AVE ADONIS A. RICARDO JOSEPH D. SARSABA

School Head Principal I

CYRELL P. RODRIGUEZ
Teacher I

Language Validator:

FAYE P. BARRAMEDA
Teacher I

Reviewed by:

EDWIN B. MOICO
Division Industrial Arts Coordinator