Atomic Structure Notes

Atoms:
- Smallest particle of an element that

m
has all the properties of that element.

. c o
of matter that makeaup p everyday
- -Atoms are the basic building blocks

m m
. e x a
-2 main w
objects.

W w parts of an atom:
Nucleus-99.9% of the atom’s mass
Electron cloud or energy rings
-Atoms are made of subatomic particles:
protons, neutrons, & electrons
Atoms are composed of three primary particles:
protons, neutrons, and electrons
Relative How do you
Electrical

m
Particle Symbol Location Mass find out

o
Charge

.c
(amu) how many?

a p
m m
Electron

.ex a
ww
W
Proton

Neutron
Atoms are composed of three primary particles:
protons, neutrons, and electrons
Relative How do you
Electrical

m
Particle Symbol Location Mass find out

o
Charge

.c
(amu) how many?

a p
Atoms are

m
Orbits neutral and

m
-1 1/1840

a
nucleus in therefore

.ex
e- have the
Electron energy (negative)
same # of

w
levels

w
electrons as

W
protons
Atomic # (#
of protons
Inside +1 in an atom’s
Proton P+ 1 nucleus),
Nucleus (positive)
Element
specific
0 Mass #
Neutron no Inside (no charge/ 1 minus
Nucleus neutral) atomic #
 Electron Energy Levels
There is a unique number of

om
electrons that can fit in each
p . c
m a
electron level.
a m
w .ex
w
Energy Level How many electrons it holds up to

W
1 2
2 8
3 18
Determining Atomic Structure Using the Periodic Table

Chemical Symbol

o m
Element Name

p . c
m a
B Atomic Number

Boron .ex a m
5

w
Atomic Mass #: The

W w
weighted average mass of all the
isotopes (different versions) of an
atom of a specific element;
10.81 measured in atomic mass units,
amu.

Mass #: Atomic Mass Number

rounded to the nearest whole number.
ATOMIC STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS
5 P=5
N=6
Step 1: Complete the squares for
each element by adding the atomic
B E=5
number, name and atomic mass. Boron

om
- Write the atomic number at the top of

.c
the square. 10.81

a p
- Write the element’s name under the

m
symbol.

m
- Write the atomic mass at the bottom of

.ex a
the square. Atomic Structure:

ww
Step 2: Determine the number of

W
protons, neutrons, and electrons in
each element. 5 P+
6 no
Step 3: Create an atomic structure
diagram for each element.

Step 4: Draw the Bonding Structure

for each element.
Bonding Structure: B