IBRAHIM BADAMASI BABANGIDAA UNIVERSITY LAPAI

General StudieS ContinuouS aSSeSSment teSt

Multiple Question and Answers
1. The absence of war violence animosity or discord implies the experience of which of
the following:
A. Mediator
B. Peace
C. Peace building
D. Consensus
2. The Hutu and Tutsi Conflict happened in _________________
A. Ghana
B. Liberia
C. Dafur
D. Rwanda
3. _______________ is a western scholar in the area of conflict analysis
A. Sun Tsu
B. Machiavelli
C. Kantilya
D. Jolari
4. Conflict generally has ______________ stages
A. Three
B. Four
C. Five
D. Six
5. In the _____________ stage of conflict, nothing is scared again and destruction
becomes widespread
A. Escalating
B. Most severe
C. Reconciliation
D. Emerging
6. Armed conflict can incite the following incidences except ________
A. Mass murder
B. Genocide
C. Reintegration
D. Violent reprisals
7. Conflict management deals with ______________
A. Controlling an impending conflict
B. Resolving an ongoing conflict

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 C. Deescalating a severe conflict
D. reconciling warring parties
8. the following are forms of identity conflicts EXCEPT____________
A. Tiv-Jukun crises
B. Hutu-Tutsi conflict
C. Bachama-Hausa crises
D. Aba women riot
9. _____________ is not one of the fallouts of violent conflict.
A. Self –restraint
B. injury
C. destruction
D. physical damage
10. Arson, militancy, vandalism, Thuggery, and assassinations are features of
___________ violence
A. domestic
B. Youth
C. political
D. economic
11. Which of the following action is not aimed at restoring peace?
A. Peace making
B. Piece making
C. Peace building
D. Peace keeping
12. _________conflict is often associated with physical violence
A. Negative
B. Sundry
C. Positive
D. Constructive
13.The action of “sowing of peace” is often associated with _____________
A. Peace keeping
B. Peace building
C. Peace making
D. Mediation
14.The presidential amnesty programme in Nigeria exemplifies what stage of conflict
A. Emerging stage
B. Escalating stage
C. Severe stage
D. Reconciliation stage
15.When a cease-fire truce is brokered in a conflict situation, it signifies ____________

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 A. Severity
B. Escalation
C. de-escalation
D. Emergence
16.According to Imobighe, the first stage of conflict management is ______________
A. Conflict resolution
B. Conflict traction
C. Conflict prevention
D. Conflict control
17.___________ highlights the causes, nature, and consequence of conflict and the
benefits of peace in order to resolve conflict between two parties.
A. Negotiation
B. Dialogue
C. Persuasion
D. Reconciliation
18._______________ is not one of the fallouts of violent conflict
A. Self-restraint
B. Injury
C. Destruction
D. Physical damage
19.When communities engage each other in violence over scarce resource, __________
violence is said to have occurred.
A. Political
B. Economic
C. Youth
D. Communistic
20.In a conflict situation, stakeholders are those ______________
A. Affected by the conflict and its outcome
B. Engaged in the conflict
C. Working to resolve the conflict
D. Precipitating the conflict
21.The Nigerian constitution does not recognize citizenship by ________
A. Honour
B. Birth
C. Naturalization
D. Marriage
22.In _____________ the northern protectorate the southern protectorate and the
colony of Lagos were amalgamated
A. 1900

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 B. 1960
C. 1963
D. 1914
23.Setbacks of Nigeria’s national integration drive include the following EXCEPT _______
A. Ethnocentric tendencies
B. Indigene/settler syndrome
C. National tolerance
D. Identity conflict
24.In conflict, resolution___ entails a meeting, which aims at improving people’s skills
through discussion of experiences and engaging in practical activities.
A. Seminars
B. Conferences
C. Workshops
D. Negotiations
25.In the ______ theory of conflict, the state of nature is a major driver of conflict
A. Social
B. Classical
C. Economic
D. Human needs
26.Which of these is not a factor responsible for conflict in Nigeria?
A. Corruption
B. Poverty
C. Marginalization
D. Literacy
27.Ifa/Modakeke crisis happened in the year ____________
A. 1981
B. 1982
C. 1971
D. 1985
28.______________ is not anti-corruption agency
A. Economic and financial crimes commission (EFCC)
B. Save the children
C. Independent corrupt practices and other related offences commission (ICPC)
D. The due process office
29._____________ is not challenge to national integration and unity.
A. Ethnic prejudice and biases
B. Persistent stereotypes
C. Mistrust and betrayal
D. Detribalized attitude

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 30.Which of the following is not a duty expected to be discharge by the state?
A. Establishment of order
B. Protection of live and properties
C. Implementing civil accords
D. Provision of common welfare
31.Conflict is old as:
A. Nigeria
B. Human society
C. Heavens and earth
D. All of the above
32.Peace is built on:
A. String foundation
B. Love
C. Caring
D. Justice and fairness
33.Banditry is an example of
A. Conflict
B. Peace
C. Conflict resolution
D. None of the above
34.Nigeria has hundreds of ethnic nationalities, hence it is
A. Sovereign state
B. Nation-state
C. Plural state
D. All of the above
35.There is no any society that is conflict-free, thus conflict is a/an
A. Universal phenomenon
B. International problem
C. Endemic disease
D. All of the above
36.Banditry is an example of
A. Conflict
B. Peace
C. Conflict resolution
D. None of the above
37.Nigeria has about …..ethnic nationalities
A. 300
B. 375
C. 200

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 D. 150
38.There are …… stages of peace
A. 5
B. 7
C. 4
D. 6
39.Nigeria is a typical example of:
A. Homogenous state
B. Heterogeneous state
C. Parliamentary democracy
D. All of the above
40.………… is an instrument for resolving conflict by third party
A. Mediation
B. Dialogue
C. Consultation
D. None of the above
41.Peace is derived from Greek word
A. Pau
B. pin
C. Pax
D. Pis
42.Nigeria was amalgamated in
A. 1912
B. 1920
C. 1800
D. None of the above
43.One of the following is not a quality of a mediator
A. Patience
B. Honesty
C. Fairness
D. Versatility
44.Mediator is alternatively called……
A. Adjudicator
B. Attorney
C. Intercessor
D. All of the above
45.Productive conflict are the ones that brings………..
A. Positive change
B. Excess production

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 C. Destruction of live
D. None of the above
46. Peace is define as
A. Absence of pact
B. Absence of layering
C. Absence of hostility
D. All of the above
47.Conflict could be constructive or …………..
A. Positive
B. Intractable
C. Destructive
D. Armed
48.There are ………… stages of conflict:
A. Three
B. Four
C. Five
D. Six
49.The earliest stage of conflict is referred to as
A. Growing
B. Emerging
C. Incubating
D. Formation
50.The conflict stage where lives and property are destroyed is referred to as
A. Severe state
B. Negative stage
C. Escalating stage
D. Worst stage
51.…………… is a point where ceasefire is made by the combating parties
A. Reconstruction stage
B. Peacemaking stage
C. Rebuilding stage
D. De-escalating
52.Who amalgamated Nigeria?
A. Lord Acton Lugard
B. Lord Fredrich Lugard
C. Sir Clifford
D. None of the above
53.Man is social because
A. He is always neat

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 B. He is created by god
C. He does not live alone
D. None of the above
54. Peace can be perceived from
A. Two ways
B. Three ways
C. Different ways
D. All of the above
55. State of nature has the following features except
A. Poor
B. Nasty
C. Bruitish
D. Dangerous
56.One of the following scholars is a proponent of the social contract theory
A. Adam smith
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. John Richard
D. Thomas Hobbes
57.in social contract theory, LEVIATHAN refers to
A. Citizens
B. Community
C. Supreme author
D. Justice
58. There are …… levels of peace
A. 4
B. 5
C. 3
D. 6
59. General insecurity in Nigeria negates peace at …….
A. Group level
B. Regional level
C. Social contract level
D. All of the above
60. Russia-Ukraine war is a threat to peace at the ………….
A. Continental level
B. International level
C. Global level
D. All of the above
61. Which aspect of conflict management ensures conflict is averted and forestalled?

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 A. Conflict control
B. Conflict prevention
C. Conflict resolution
D. All of the above
62. A military effort to restore peace at a war ravaged country is referred to as
A. Peace study
B. Conflict resolution
C. Peace keeping operation
D. Conflict control
63. All these are stages of conflict with exception of
A. Emerging stage
B. Escalating stage
C. Severe stage
D. De-escalating
E. Arms control
64. Who are the scholars that viewed conflict as a break down in standard mechanism of
decision making
A. March and Simon
B. Rabie and Rosemary
C. Adams smith and Aristotle
D. Forsyth and Nwolise
E. None of the above
65. Which of these is one of the lead promoters of peace in the world?
A. The united nation
B. Nigeria labour congress
C. Academic staff union of university
D. Nigerian medical association
E. None of the above
66. Which out of these is not a way of resolving a conflict?
A. Dialogue
B. Seminar
C. Persuasion
D. Negotiation
E. Imposition
67. Which of this statement is a clear example of rebuilding and reconciliation stage?
A. President Musa Yar’adua Amnesty To Niger Delta Region
B. President Muhammadu Buhari Programme
C. President Jonathan Goodluck Programme
D. President Olusegun Obansanjo Programme

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 E. None of the Above
68. Which year was Osama Bin Ladin’s riot
A. 2010
B. 2000
C. 2001
D. 2002
E. 2003
69. Which year was Miss World pageant crisis?
A. 2002
B. 2007
C. 2004
D. 2005
E. 2008
70. All these are solutions to religious violence with exception of
A. Balanced religious teaching
B. Discipline members
C. Tolerance
D. Use of dialogue
E. Formation of pressure groups

71. All these are factors peculiar to conflict in Nigeria with the exception of
A. Colonial origin
B. Ethnicity and the tactic of divide and rule
C. Struggle for the minorities
D. Multinational corporations and land pressure
E. None of the above
72. Nigeria was colonized by which country
A. Spain
B. France
C. Belgium
D. Britain
73. Nigeria got her independence in
A. 1959
B. 1961
C. 1960
D. 1962
E. 1963
74. The major problem of Nigeria could be traced to
A. single composition

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 B. plural composition
C. unity composition
D. conflict composition
E. none of the above
75. Conflict generally could be referred to a
A. Social problem
B. Biological problem
C. Political problem
D. Geographical problem
E. None of the above
76. Peace as a concept derived its name from Greek word meaning
A. Pox
B. Pax
C. Actor
D. Social political
77. Concept of peace can be viewed how many levels
A. 8
B. 7
C. 5
D. 3
E. 4
78. Which of the following scholars viewed peace as a situation characterized by the
absence of war and violence, threats and discords in which human interactions that
are conducted in an orderly manner and disputes arising from such interactions are
settle peacefully?
A. Rabie, Rosemary, Orwell and Otite
B. Rabie and Orwell
C. Rosemary and Otite
D. Orwell and Rabie
E. Orwell and Rosemary
79. Which of these scholars noted that a peacekeeping operation involves multinationals
limit actions for example humanitarian or economic sanction designed to stop or
prevent the recurrence of the conflict?
A. Oakley
B. Otite
C. Rabie
D. Rosemary
E. Orwell
80. Which is the correct explanation of peace building:

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 A. Is a process of restoring normal relations between people
B. Is a process of sharing national cake
C. Is a process of sharing money to the people
D. Is a process of apologizing to people
E. None of the above

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