Trung tâm Ngoại ngữ NP Education

Trụ sở: 28N7A dãy 2 đường Nguyễn Thị Thập,

Q. Thanh Xuân, Hà Nội.
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Q2 - LESSON 2 Student’s name: ……………………………………………... Class: 7A

PHIẾU LÝ THUYẾT NGỮ PHÁP

(LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ)
CONDITIONAL 3/ MIXED/ INVERTED
I. THIRD CONDITIONAL
If - clause Main clause
If + past perfect/past perfect continuous would/could/might + perfect bare infinitive
They are used to express imaginary situations which are contrary to facts in the past. They are also
used to express regrets or criticism.
e.g. If I had been more careful, I wouldn’t have made such a big mistake.

II. MIXED CONDITIONALS

Form: If + past perfect/past perfect continuous, would/could/might + present bare infinitive
USE EXAMPLE
Hypothetical past condition If I had listened to my parents, I wouldn’t be in so much trouble now.
and a present result (= I didn't listen to my parents so I’m in lots of trouble now.)

Form: If + past simple/past continuous, would + have + past participle

USE EXAMPLE
Hypothetical present If I had a mobile, I would have called you last night.
condition and a past result (= I don't have a mobile so I didn't call you last night.)

III. INVERTED CONDITIONAL

CONDITIONALS INVERTED
 If + S + is/am/are (not) + …  Should + S + (not) be …
TYPE 1
 If + S + (don’t/doesn’t) + Vs,es …  Should + S + (not) V …
 If + S1 + were (not) + …  Were + S + (not) + be …
TYPE 2
 If + S1 + Vp2 ...  Were + S + to V ...
TYPE 3  If + S + had (not) been + …  Had + S+ (not) been + …

USE
More formal form of the first
conditional (with should)
More formal form of the
second conditional
EXAMPLE
Should the situation worsen, the United Nations is prepared to send in
a peacekeeping force. (= If the situation should worsen..)
Were the situation to worsen, the United Nations would be prepared to
send in a peacekeeping force.
(= If the situation were to worsen...)

1
 Had the situation worsened, the United Nations would have been
More formal form of the
prepared to send in a peacekeeping force.
third conditional
(= If the situation had worsened...)

*NOTE:
 For all conditional sentences (first, second, third, mixed, inverted), when the condition comes
before the result it is usually followed by a comma. When the result comes first, no comma is
necessary.
 If I had a mobile, I would have called you last night.
 I would have called you last night if I had a mobile.
 In conditional sentences, modals (will, would, could, etc) are sometimes followed by a continuous
infinitive.
 We’d still be waiting if you hadn’t turned up.