b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)

ukodkvfukodkvftcsif;csif; tm½HkoGif; r,Gif; ukodkvf

jzpfownf; w&m;awmf
13 .3 .2011
tm½Hyk ikd ;f a&mufomG ;NyD? tm&r®Pypöa,mwJ?h
tm½Hk-ukov kd t f m½Hok &d UJ vm;(odygw,fb&k m;)? ukov kd f
u tm½HkjzpfoGm;w,f? ]ukodkvf} ubmjzpfoGm;wHk;
(tm½Hjk zpfomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? ]tukov kd }f ua&m bmjzpf
oGm;wHk; (tm½HkjzpfoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)? ]tAsmuw}
ua&m bmjzpfoGm;wHk; (tm½HkjzpfoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)/
tJ'Dtm½Hkudk bmtm½HkvdkYac:owHk;-]"r® ]"r®m½Hk}
vdkYac:w,f? &dyfrd&JUvm;(&dyfrdygNyDbk&m;)? 'D½lyg½HkawG
r[kwfbl;? raemxJujzpfwmavç 'Drsufpdujzpfwm
r[kwfbl;? [kwfuJhvm;(rSefygbk&m;)? uJ tjyifu
vlawGodyHkeJY ruGmjcm;bl;vm;(uGmjcm;ygw,fbk&m;)/
ukov k d tm½H
f m½Hçk tukov
t kd t
f m½Hçk tAsmuwtm½
tAsmuwtm½Hk H
- tm½HkawG? tckuawmh ukodkvfygyJ? tm½Hkawmif
tJoavmuf &Sw d ,f/
a[wkudk em;vnfMuNyDvm; (em;vnfygNyD
bk&m;)? [dwq f w kd m b,f[mac:owH;k (avmbç a'goç
arm[ç tavmbç ta'goç tarm[ygbk&m;)?
avmbç a'goç arm[qdw k m tukov kd yf ?J tukov kd f
F1G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

u bmud k a us;Zl ; jyKwH k ; -cE¨ m ud k a us;Zl ; jyKw,f ?

a[wk y pö n f ; u orÜ , k w å c E¨ m ud k aus;Zl ; jyKw,f ?
orÜ,w k cå E¨m-qdMk unfph rf;(orÜ,w k cå E¨m)? oHvyYkd gw,f
rdkYvm;(ygygw,fbk&m;)? tJ'DpmtkyfxJMunfh? tJ'grS
&if;ESD;rSmaygh? pmeJYç 'umrBuD;wdkYeJY r&if;ESD;ao;bl;?
&if;ESD;atmifvkyf&w,f/
orÜ , k w å c E¨ m qd k w mb,f [ mwH k ; (a0'emç
onmç ocFg&ç 0dnmPfygbk&m;)? bmjzpfvdkY orÜ
,kwfac:owHk;-tnD tnDtñGwf ? tJ'gusawmhç pmvkd
usawmh odrmS r[kwb f ;l ? ,SOv f yYkd oJ rd ,f? [kwu f vhJ m;
(rSefygbk&m;)? [dk[mu pmvdkjzpfoGm;w,f? NyD;awmh
{ukygÜ '-wuGjzpfw,f? wuGcsKyfw,f? tm½Hw k wl ,f?
rS&D mwlw,f 'Dvkd 'Dv?kd tJ'gorÜ,w k f ac:w,f/
avmbeJçY a0'emeJY tJvo kd rÜ,w k -f uk-uk-
a[udk;? avmbubmwHk;([dwfygbk&m;)? a0'emu
bmwH;k (cE¨mygbk&m;)? at; tJvkd [dwu f aeNyD;awmh
a0'emudo k mG ;NyD;awmh a[wktm;jzifh aus;Zl;jyKw,fw?hJ
tJ ' D [ mav;ud k z wf ? pmtk y f u d k i f u d k i f z wf M unf h ?
[kwu f vhJ m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)? tJ'gMunf½h ekH rYJ ubl;ç tyHyk J
&[EÅ m jzpf E d k i f w J h p mtk y f ? [k w f u J h v m;(rS e f y gbk & m;)?
tJ'gawGygw,f/
F2G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
aou©qdkwmb,f[mac:wHk; -usifhqJyk*¾dKvf
udk ac:w,f? aou©qw kd m b,f[mac:wH;k (usifq h J
yk*Kd¾ vfygbk&m;)? ykxZk Ofqw kd m b,f[mac:wH;k -udav
omrsm;wJo h u
l akd c:w,f? udavomrsm;w,f? 0rf;xJrmS
avmbç a'goawGrsm;w,f? EGm;awGç acG;awGç 0uf
awGowfw,f? vlMurf;-xef;&nfawG aomufw,f?
tukov kd f 'kp½duk af wG tukev f yk w f ,f? pdwx f v
J nf;
vk y f w ,f ? EI w f u vnf ; vk y f w ,f ? vuf u vnf ;
vkyw f ,f? tJ'g bmyk*Kd¾ vfw;kH (ykxZk Ofy*k Kd¾ vfygbk&m;)/
'umBuD;wdYk 'umrBuD;wdu Yk ykxZk OfawGvm;?
ykxZk Ofr[kw&f if aou©y*k Kd¾ vfac:w,f? aou©y*k Kd¾ vfu
ckepfa,muf? aou©y*k Kd¾ vf b,fEpS af ,mufw;kH (ckepf
a,mufygbk&m;)? t&[wår*fxad tmif ckepfa,muf?
&dyfrdNyDvm;(&dyfrdygNyDbk&m;)/
t&[wå z d k v f u sawmh &[EÅ m yk * ¾ d K vf u srS
taou©y*k Kd¾ vfac:w,f? t&[wår*fxad tmif aou©
&Sdao;w,f? [kwfuJhvm;(rSefygbk&m;)? t&[wåzdkvf
a&mufrS taou±y© *k Kd¾ vf? usifNh yD;yk*Kd¾ vfac:w,f? tJvkd
od&w,f/
oDvorm"de?YJ oDveJjY ynfph w kH hJ yk*Kd¾ vfu pNyD;
awmhaygh-aou©yk*¾dKvf? &atmif usifhqJjzpfaew,f?
F3G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

[kwu f v hJ m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)? &atmifusifq h ?J ud,

k uhf , kd u
f kd
*½kpukd ?f aou©m 0g ykx k Zk Æem 0g eJv Y mvdrrhf ,f/
'geod N yD v m;(od y gNyD b k & m;)? b,f [ mwH k ; -
ay;vdkufwmvdkYyJodw,f? 'ge-qGrf;awGç ouFef;wdkY
bmwdu Yk 0w¬K? bmac:wH;k (0w¬Kygbk&m;)? 'ge0w¬K-
bmac:wHk;('ge0w¬Kygbk&m;)? 0rf;xJu-'geapwem 'geapwem
'geapwem?
tJ ' gu uk o d k v f r S m ,S O f w J h -apwem apwod u f ?
[kwfuJhvm;(rSefygbk&m;)? y&rwfudk tbdf"r®mvdkYac:
w,f? ukov kd u f bmwH;k -uH? ukov kd ef çYJ uHeYJ uGNJ yDvm;
(uGJygNyDbk&m;)/
ukov kd qf w
kd mu- 'D0w¬Ku 'ge0w¬K? oDv
uvnf; oDv0w¬K? oDvapmifw h ,fç Oykoaf pmifw h ,f?
rvGeu f sL;atmif apmifw h ,f? [kwu f v hJ m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)?
rvGefusL;vdkY&Sd&if ukodkvfygyJ/
'geH - tvS L ud k ? 'wG m -ay;vS L NyD ; í? wH
ypöa0u©wd-xd'k geudk qifjcifw,f? tJ'gu uk-uk-
tm/
uk o avm "ar® m uk o vó "r® ó
tm&r® P ypö a ,e ypö a ,m/
tJ'Dvdkom qkdxm;w,f? aemufus tyHkyJ
vmvdrfhr,f? q,fhwpfckawmifvmvdrfhr,f? [kwfuJh
F4G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
vm;(rSefygbk&m;)? a&SUutaMumif;uvnf;-ukodkvf?
a&SUutaMumif;uvnf; bmwHk;(ukodkvfygbk&m;)?
tusdK;uvnf;bmwHk;(ukodkvfygbk&m;)? bmaMumifh
'DukodkvfjzpfowHk;(tm½HkaMumifhygbk&m;)? tJ'g uk-
uk-tm vdkYac:w,f? [kwfuJhvm;(rSefygbk&m;)/
'geubmwHk;-tm½H tm½Hk ? qifjcifwmubmwHk;-
ukodkvf? [kwfuJhvm;(rSefygbk&m;)? 0rf;xJwif&Sdw,f
aemf? tJ'Dukodkvfav;udk qifjcifwmeJYwif ewfawG
bmawG tukefavQmufjzpfoGm;w,f? [kwfuJhvm;
(rSeyf gbk&m;)? uJ 'umrBuD;wdv Yk nf; tJovdjk zpfatmif?
'gu taygpm;ç tvG,pf m;/
tJ'gav;rS rqifjcifwwfawmhç ukodkvfudk
rqifjcifwwfawmh- om;awGorD;awGç 0w¬Kypönf;
awG oGm;oGm;qifjcifawmh avmbç a'goawG jzpfNyD;
awmh raumif;wJh[mawG jzpfukefwmaygh? NydwåmwdkYç
i&JwdkYç wd&pämefwdkYqdkwm tJovdk? 'DvdkMum;&em&½Hk
eJyY J zm;uav;awmif ewfom;jzpfao;wmç 'umBuD;wdYk
usawmh ydNk yD;awmh aumif;wmjzpfwmaygh? [kwu f v
hJ m;
(rSefygbk&m;)/
'geqdkwm bmwHk; (tm½Hkygbk&m;)? 0rf;xJu
apwemu b,foo Yl mG ;vSLr,fç bmvkyrf ,fqNkd yD;jzpf
F5G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

w,f ? 0rf ; xJ u jzpf w mubmwH k ; --apwem? qG r f ;

awGç ouFef;awGç wbufawGbmawGu bmwHk;ç
tJ'gu-'ge0w¬ 'ge0w¬K? 0rf;xJu-apwem apwem
apwem? [dku-tvS tvSLcH
yk * ¾ d K vf /
tJ'[ D mawGomG ;Ny;D tm½Hjk yKvdu k w f t
hJ cgusawmhç
aocgeD;awG bmawGusawmhç tm½Hjk yKvdu k wf t hJ cgrSm
aumif;wma&mufoGm;w,f? tJ'g bmac:wHk;-uk uko
avm "ar® m uk o vó "r® ó tm&r® P ypö
a,e ypö a ,m ,m/
tJ'v D kd ypöa,mudo k v d ukd Nf yDvYkd qdv k ukd v f &Ykd &dS if
tJ'gav; vdck sifao;vm;(rvdck sifawmhygbk&m;)? tJ'v D kd
usrS oGm;rjzpfawmhbl;qdkwJh edAÁmefa&mufoGm;w,f?
[kww f ,fr[kwv f m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)? tJ'g tm½Hrk &Sad wmh
bl;? ukov kd u f ukov kd uf kd tm½Hrk jyKawmhb;l /
bk&m;wdkY &Sifom&dykwå&mwdkYu ukodkvfu
ukodkvfudk tm½HkjyKao;vm;(rjyKawmhygbk&m;)? rjyK
awmh olwb Ykd ,fa&mufomG ;wH;k (edAmÁ efa&muf oGm;yg
w,fbk&m;)? y&dedAÁmefpHw,f? [kwfuJhvm; (rSefyg
bk&m;)? 'umrBuD;wdkYu 'Dvdkrjzpfcsifbl;vm;ç jzpfcsif
ovm;(jzpfcsifygw,fbk&m;)? EkaevdkYawmh rjzpfbl;?
bmjzpfvdkYwHk;-ukodkvfudk vdkcsifao;w,f? rvdkcsif
F6G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
bl;vm;ç vdkcsifovm;(vkdcsifygw,fbk&m;)? tJovdk
vdkcsifaeao;awmh Ekaeao;wmaygh/
'geH 'wGm -'gutvSLwifç vSLwmwifjzpf
ao;w,f? tvSLudk vSLNy;D í -[kwu f v hJ m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)?
wH ypöa0u©wd? wH-xdt k vSLud?k ypöa0u©wd-qifjcif
\/
tvSLu ukoavmac:w,f? qifjcifwmu
ukovóac:w,f? qifjcifwmubmwHk; (ukov
óac:ygw,fbk&m;)? ÓmPfygw,f·ç jrefvdkYr&bl;?
pum;ajym&if aES;aES;ajym&w,f? 'grS rrSm;bl;? at;
tJovdkrSwfxm;/
]taMumif ; }}od N yD v m;(od y gNyD b k & m;)?
tJ ' g]taMumif
taMumif;ub,f[mwHk;-'geç vSLwJh[m? ]tusdK;}
b,f[mwH;k - qifjcifw[ hJ m? [dx k yJ gw,f? vSyMf unfh
ygvm;? [kdu oHk;ckvHk;aygif;rS wH ypöa0u©wdvdkYqdk
w,f? wpfckwnf;eJYvnf; qifjcif&w,f? wH ypö
a0u©wd-[dku pm&JUtoGm;tvmudk tJvdkod&w,f/
pmuawmh-'geH 'wGm qdpk rf;('geH 'wGmç oDvH
orm'd,w d mG ç Oaygoxur®H uwGm)? tJ'gbmawGw;kH
ukodkvftm½Hk? tJ'gbmawGw;kH (ukov
-uk kd t f m½Hyk gbk&m;)?
ukodkvftm½Hkqdkwm tm½HkukodkvfawGaygh? tJ'g bm
F7G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

tm½Hw k ;kH ajymprf;("r®m½ˇ ykH gbk&m;)? tJvckd JG cGrJ o S w d ,f?

rcG J & if aMomf 'geu bmtm½H k r S e f ; vnf ; rod b l ; ?
vSLvdkufwm t&rf;udkvSLoGm;NyD? aocgeD;wJhtcgus
tJ'gudktm½HkjyKvdkufw,f? 'gyxrwef;jzpfoGm;w,f/
'gudk tedpöawmç 'ku©awmvkyfvdkufvdkY&Sd&if
wpfcgwnf; tJ'DaocgeD;rSm r*f&w,f? zdkvf&w,f?
aemufusawmh tedpöawm 'ku©awm tewåawm
0dyówd vmvdrrhf ,f? [kwu f v hJ m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)? pmrSm
Munh?f t"dygÜ ,faoaocsmcsmod? 'DrmS u oH;k ckuakd ygif;
qdw k ,f? pmqdw k m wpfcw k pfck cGcJ v
JG yk af e&if b,frmS
NyD;EdkifvdrfhrwHk;/
'geH 'wG m ç oD v H orm'd , d w G m ç Oayg
oxur®H uwGm wH ypöa0u©wd-tJ']wH D]wH}u ae&m
wdik ;f vdu k wf [
hJ m ac:w,f? t"dygÜ ,fu-yk'w f ikd ;f vdu
k f
wJh[m/
'geav; tm½HkjyKvdkufprf;ç ukd,fvSLwJh 'ge
av;udak ygh? bmudjk rifw;kH qdak wmh ynwfjzpfwhJ ouFe;f
av;uyfaewmudk oljrifvrd rhf ,f? tJ'gu-ynwf ynwf"r®m½Hk?
tJ'gubmtm½Hk(ynwf"r®m½Hkygbk&m;)? tm½HkrSef;od
atmifvdkYajymaewm/
0rf;xJu apwemudak wmh ouFe;f av;uyfae
F8G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
ovdk jrif&ovm;(rjrif&ygbk&m;)? odawmhrod&bl;
vm;(od&ygw,fb&k m;)? at; tJovdo k &d wJh tm½Hu
k
-"r®m½Hk? jrif&wJh tm½Hku-ynwftm½Hk? tm½Hkudkod
ruyfNid -yxrwef;jzpfawmhrvdkYajymaewm/
&m*tm½Hq k w kd mvnf; 'Dvykd -J ynwftm½
tm½H
tm½k? vkyf
csifwhJ avmbudk tm½Hjk yKw,f? tJ'aD wmh y&rwfukd
tm½Hjk yKvduk v f &Ydk vm;(r&ygbl;bk&m;)? ynwfBuD; tm½kH
oGm;jyKawmh i&Ja&mufomG ;wmaygh? uJ &m*odNyDvm;
(odygNyDbk&m;)/
'geu bmwHk;(ukodkvfygbk&m;)? &m*ua&m
(tukov kd yf gbk&m;)? 'geuawmhç vSLaewmBuD;uawmh-
ynwfBuD; ? &m*BuD;uvnf;-ynwf ynwfBuD; ? 0rf;xJu
apwemu-y&rwf y&rwf ? tJ'gudk tedpöawm 'ku©awm
vkyfypfrS? 'geBuD; b,fa&mufoGm;w,f(tedpöç 'ku©
a&mufoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)? 0rf;xJu vdkcsifwm rjzpf
awmhb;l ? [kwu f vhJ m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)? vdck sifwmrjzpf&if
b,fa&mufoGm;wHk; (edAÁmefa&mufoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)?
at; tJvakd &mufomG ;w,f/
tJvdkodwJhyk*¾dKvfu]aou© y k * ¾ d K vf } ac:w,f?
bmac:(aou©y*k Kd¾ vfygbk&m;)? olu edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;
r,fh yk*Kd¾ vfawG? odrYk [kw&f iftBurf;zsif;jzpfjzpfaevd?Yk
F9G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

tJ'gajymajymjy&wm? pmuvnf;&SdwmyJ? 'gbk&m;

a[mwJh pmawG&Sdw,f? &Sdawmh zwf½Hkusuf½Hkav;us
awmh tMurf;zsif;jzpfjzpfomG ;awmh ynwfuo k v kd af wGyJ
&wmaygh? [kwfuJhvm;(rSefygbk&m;)/
ukoavm "ar®m ukovó "r®ó tm&
r®Pypöa,e ypöa,m/ 'geH 'wGmç oDvH orm
'd,dwGmç Oaygoxur®H uwGm wH ypöa0u©wd/
pmtkyx f yJ g&JUvm; (ygygw,fb&k m;)? tckajymcJw h mawG
u tJ'g&JU t"dyÜg,f? &dyfrdNyDvm;(&dyfrdygNyDbk&m;)/
tJ'gudk qifjcifwm? qifjcifwmBuD;u b,fol
wH k ; -igvm;ç ol v m;(r[k w f y gbk & m;)? apwod u f
w&m;awG -ukodkvfvdkcsif&ifawmh igjzpfoGm;w,f?
ukodkvfvdkcsif&ifawmh igjzpfoGm;NyD;awmh ewfjynf
a&mufomG ;w,f? tewåawmvdYk tewå½v I ukd w f thJ cg
usawmh igr&Sad wmhb;l ? igr&Sad wmh b,fa&mufomG ;wH;k
(edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? at; tJ'o D abm tJ'D
oabm/
edAÁmefeJYewfjynf? ]ewfjynf}ubmwH;k -ynwf?
]ed A Á m ef } ubmwH k ; (y&rwf y gbk & m;)? at; tJ v d k u G J
atmifvdkY? ynwfç y&rwfuGJNyDvm; (uGJygNyDbk&m;)?
tJvu kd srS uGw J ,f? tJ'gy|mef;/
F10G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
a&S;wke;f uç wdiYk ,fi,fwek ;f u 'Dvu kd NJG yD; oif
wm r[kwb f ;l ? pmusuf&NyD;awmh oifw[ hJ mrsdK;? 'Dvkd
rajymwwfbl ;? 'umrBuD;wdkYudk tckta&mufudkcs
aew,f? b,fa&mufomG ;wH;k (edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;ygw,f
bk&m;)? edAmÁ efta&mufw, G af ew,f? tJ'v D kd a&muf
w,f? edAÁmefrSmynwfygovm;(rygygbl;bk&m;)? 'geH
a&m ynwfygovm;(rygygbl;bk&m;)/
ynwfyg&if b,fa&mufrwH;k -ewfjynf? ynwf
ryg&if b,fa&mufrwHk; (edAÁmefa&mufygw,fbk&m;)?
at; tJovd?k edAmÁ efawmh a&mufcsifw,f r[kwv f m;
(a&mufcsifygw,fb&k m;)? a&mufcsifayr,fh ynwfBuD;
tm½Hjk yKae&ifawmh a&mufyghrvm; (ra&mufygbl;bk&m;)/
'ge ay;vSLwJhapwemav;u bmav;wHk;
(y&rwfygbk&m;)? y&rwfqw k d m jzpfNyD;&ifrysufb;l vm;
(ysuf y gw,f b k & m;)? rjzpf c if u a&m jzpf a o;vm;
(rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)? uJ vSLcsifwef;csifwphJ w d f rjzpfcifu
rjzpfao;bl;? tJ'gy&rwf? 'gayr,fh jzpfr,fh oabm
w&m;ac:w,f? bmac: (jzpfr,fo h abmw&m;ygbk&m;)/
tJ'g pdwaf pwoduu f jzpfr,fh w&m;ac:w,f?
½kyfvnf; 'DvdkyJ? rjzpfao;bl;- rjzpfao;bl;qkd&if
bm&wH;k ç rjzpfb;l qd&k if (edAmÁ ef&ygw,fb&k m;)? tJvkd
F11G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

ed A Á m ef r od w J h [ m? rod a wmh j zpf v mw,f ç od a wmh

rjzpfbl;? aoaocsmcsmpmudkMunfh? cPcPMunfhç
cPcPteufay;? y&rwfeJYçynwfeJYcGJ? y&rwfeJYç
ukov kd ef YJ cG?J ukov kd u
f qGr;f wdçYk ouFe;f wdjYk rifwmu-
ynwf ? 0rf;xJu pdwfapwemjrifwmu-y&rwf y&rwf ?
tJvdk qGr;f wdçYk ouFe;f wkjYd rifNyD; vSLwmu ewfjynf?
y&rwfxçJ pdwfapwemudkodNyD;awmhvSL/
'geHeJY'wGm rwlbl;? 'geH-'geudkç ay;vSLwJh
apwemud?k ray;&ao;bl;ç ay;vSLwJah pwemud?k 'wGm-
ay;vSLNyD;íqdkawmh NyD;oGm;NyD? pmuav; wpfyk'fav;eJY
wpfy'k af v;? 'geHeYJ 'wGm rwlb;l /
'geH - tvS L ud k (0g)ay;vS L aMumif ; jzpf a om
apwemudçk 'ge0w¬Kudçk oH;k ckaygh? 'wGm-ay;vSLNyD;í/
'umBuD;wdYk vSLwef;aeMuwmawGy?J ay;vSL
NyD;í
í- igb,fwek ;f u b,fvv kd LS cJwh ,fç b,fwek ;f u
usKdufxD;½dk;oGm;cJhw,fç b,fwkef;u bmvSLcJhw,fç
ouFe;f uyfcw hJ ,fç bmuyfcw hJ ,f? tJovdk atmufarh
vdkuf&if ewfjynfa&mufw,f? atmufarhvdkuf&if
b,fa&mufwHk; (ewfjynfa&mufygw,fbk&m;)/
tedpçö 'kuç© tewå &Gwv f u kd af wmh b,fa&muf
oG m ;wH k ; (ed A Á m ef a &muf o G m ;ygw,f b k & m;)? tJ ' g
aomwmyefwçYkd ou'g*grfwYkd jzpfomG ;w,fç ]aou©
F12G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
yk*Kd¾ vf}aygh? &[EÅmxdatmif jzpfomG ;&ifawmh ]taou©
yk*¾dKvf} jzpfoGm;w,f? tedpöç 'ku©odNyDvm; (odygNyD
bk&m;)/
ukovH tedpöawm 'ku©awm tewåawm
0dyóEÅd - 'gu tpuav;rSmrygbl;ç aemufrSmyg
w,f? tckrawGUao;bl;? tJ'gu t"dyÜg,f ajymjy
wmyg? t"dyÜg,feJYqdkawmh a&SUaemuf? [dku pmoif
aewm? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
'geH 'wGmç oDvH orm'd,w d mG ç Oaygoxur®H
uwG m wH ypö a 0u© w d / oleJY qufwmuawmh-
ykaAÁ okpdPÖmed- aumif;pGm avhusuftyfukefaom
oabm w&m;wdkYudk? ypöa0u©wd- qifjcif\/
aumif;pGm avhusuftyfukefaom oabm
w&m;awGudk-wJ?h pmoifcw hJ mawG r[kwb f ;l ? 'geawGç
OykofapmifhwmawG? "kwifaqmifwJh[mawG bmawG
nmawGç vSLwef;aewmawGç Z&yfawGaqmufNyD; Munfh
aewmç a&uefawGw;l aewmawGç ud, k v
f yk cf w
hJ hJ [m
awGaygh? aumif;wJhtavhtusufawG/
]okpdPÖmed} qdkwm aumif;wJhtavhtusuf
awG? NyD;cJNh yDaemf? ykaAÁubmwH;k (a&S;uygbk&m;)? a&S;uç
i,fi,fwek ;f uayghç t&ifwek ;f uayghç raeYwaeYwek ;f
F13G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

uaygh- avhusufcw hJ m? tJ'gudk okpP d mÖ ed ac:w,f/

ausmif;oGm;w&m;emw,fqdkwm bmvkyfwm
wHk;- avhusufwmç aumif;pGmavhusufwm? tck
w&m;emvmwm bmvkyw f mwH;k (aumif;pGmavhusuf
wmygbk&m;)? tJ'D avhusufwmudk ]wH ypöa0u©wd}-
qifjcif\/ wpfa,mufwnf;qdk qifjcif\/
w&m;emvmwmu bmvkyw f mwH;k (aumif;pGm
avhusuw f mygbk&m;)? ]ykaAÁopk P d }Ö ac:w,f? w&m;
emvmwmu bmvkyfwmwHk; (ykaAÁokpdPÖygbk&m;)?
aumif;pGm avhusuftyfukefaom w&m;wdkYudk- ypö
a0u©wd ? qifjcifwmubmwHk;-aemuf aemufukodkvf /
]aemufuo k v kd }f qdw
k m ukov kd af emfç 'umrBuD;
wdYk r[kwb f ;l aemf? tJ'g ]uH}aemf? tJ']uH D]uH}u owå0g
jzpfaew,f? &dyrf &d UJ vm; (&dyrf yd gNyDb&k m;)? tJ'gudk tedpö
vkyv f ukd af wmh owå0g r&Sad wmhb;l ? &dyrf &d UJ vm; (&dyrf d
ygNyDb&k m;)? owå0gr&S&d if b,fa&mufomG ;wH;k (edAmÁ ef
a&mufomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'aD vmufxad tmif owåd
jyif;w,f? 'g-tPk tPkjrLur®|mef;? enf;&JUvm; (renf;yg
bl;bk&m;)? &dyfaum&dyfrd&JUvm; (&dyfrdygNyDbk&m;)/
y&rwfa&mufawmhrS tv,facgifu Nucleus
ukd yxrwef;usnfqefav;eJYç tPkjrLusnfqefeJY
xk&w,f? 'grS AHk;BuD;uaygufuGJNyD; 0kef;qdkNyD;awmh
F14G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
tvif;awG jzmxGuw f ,f? r[kwb f ;l vm; (rSeyf gbk&m;)?
tJ'vD kd ÓmPfuvnf; tPkjrLusnq f efvçkd tcHuvnf;
Nucleus vd- k y&rwfaemf/
uJ a&S;u avhusuftyfuek af omw&m;wdu Yk -kd
'Dvq kd akd wmh eifwpYkd w
d xf J b,fvakd ewH;k ? pmoifausmif;
u ausmif;om;qk&d if a&S;u avhusuftyfwphJ mawGç
twef;awG[m ]ykaAÁokpdPmed Ömed}aygh? v,fxeG w f hJ 'um
BuD;uvnf; v,fxeG w f mawGayghç ig;rQm;wm? qifjcif&if
aemufxyfNyD;jzpfrmS ? tJ'g wpfv;kH wpfv;kH ajym&w,f
aemf? w&m;qdw k m jrefjrefBuD;a[mvdYk rjzpfb;l ? aES;aES;
ajym&w,f? wpfcgwnf;udk [efoGm;w,f/
½IÓmPfu- tPkjrLusnfqefaemf? t½IcHu
-Nuclear xdyzf ;l aemf? jrm;ypfovd-k ypfrw S u
f 0dik ;f 0dik ;f
BuD;ç tBuD;BuD;ç tv,facgifudk rrSefbJaeyghrvm;?
r[kwfbl;vm; (rSefygbk&m;)/
'D[muawmh Nucleus av;u yx0Dav;?
yx0Dav;udk 'DuÓmPfeyYJ pfcsvu kd wf m? apwemhab;em;
rSm yx0Dav;? apwemu emrfuav;? yx0Dav;ç
awaZmav;u bmav;wH;k - Nucleus av;/
ykaAÁ okpPd mÖ ed ypöa0u©wd- a&S;u avhusuf
wmav; qifjcifvdkufwm? 'g aocgeD;&if tJovdk
F15G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

qifjcifwwfw,f? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? aumif;

wmawG qifjcifr&d if aumif;wma&mufw,f? raumif;
wmqifjcifr&d ifawmh raumif;wma&mufw,f? a&S;u
tavh t usuf a v;awG ? tavh t usuf q d k w mu
b,fvv kd x
Ykd ifw;kH -pmawGukd wpfv;kH a&;&if wpfv;kH wnf;
yJjzpfNyD; rsm;rsm;a&;vd&Yk &dS if tavhtusuf rjzpfb;l vm;
(jzpfygw,fbk&m;)? pma&;q&mqdkwm wpfvHk;wnf;
a&;&if pma&;q&mjzpfyghrvm; (rjzpfygbk&m;)? trsm;BuD;
a&;&if bmjzpfoGm;wHk; (pma&;q&mjzpfoGm;ygw,f
bk&m;)/
wpfvHk;wnf;a&;&if pma&;q&mjzpfao;vm;
(rjzpfygbk&m;)? pma&;q&mrjzpf&if bmjzpfowHk;-
y&rwfjzpfw,fç edAÁmef? [kwfuJhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)?
tJ'D rjzpfwm tm½Hjk yKvdu k af wmh b,fa&mufomG ;wH;k
(edAÁmefa&mufoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)? tm½HkjyKwwf&w,f?
[kwfuJhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)/
'gaMumif-h tm½Hu k okd d ruyfNid vGw\ f oHo&m &m?
uJ wdkY a&S;wkef;u tJvdkav; oifoifay;xm;wm?
tckxufxd [efw;kH ? tJvu kd srS yd[
k efw,f/
psmem 0k|[dwGm psmeH ypöa0u©wd? psmem psmem-
psmefqw kd m odvm; (odygw,fb&k m;)/
F16G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
udavomumruif;avu rSwMf u yxrpsmef/
0dwuf0dpmuif;avyg rSwfyg 'kwd,psmef/
yDwdeJYomjzpfavyg rSwfyg wwd,psmef/
okc{u*¾wmESpfckjzm rSwfyg pwkw¬psmef/
tJovdk? 'umrBuD;wdkYr&ao;vdkY? &vdkuf&if
tJ'u D mreJçY udavomeJY r&Sw d [hJ mawGukd qifjcif&if
yxrpsmefyJ? rjrwfwmudky,f - tm½Hkig;yg;udky,f&
w,f r[kwv f m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? tm½Hik g;yg;y,fvukd w
f m
u yxrpsmefyJ? [kwfuJhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)? tck
'D w &m;emaewm umr*k P f i g;yg; ry,f b l ; vm;ç
y,fovm; (y,fygw,fbk&m;)/
udavomumry,fvdkufu rSwfMu yxr
psmef - tckuawmh r&Sdao;bl;ayghav? wu,fod
oGm;&if aemufr&Sad wmhb;l ? tck udavom&So d vm;
(r&Sdygbk&m;)? tm½Hkig;yg;a&m&Sdovm; (r&Sdygbk&m;)?
r&Sd&if bmpsmefwHk; (yxrpsmefygbk&m;)/
0dwufç 0dpm&od&JUvm; (odygw,fbk&m;)-
0d w uf 0 d p m r&S d y g rS w f y g 'k w d , psmef /
yDwdeJYomaeavyg
maeavyg- yDwdeJYqdkwm MuufoD;
awG wjzef ; jzef ; eJ Y aumif ; aew,f ? [k w f u J h v m;
(rS e f y gbk & m;)? w&m;awG e mvd k Y aumif ; aew,f ç
F17G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

csufcsif;BuD; Muufo;D xç csufcsif;BuD; jzpfw,f? tJ'g

wwd,psmef? okceJY {u*¾wmwdkYu NidrfNyD;aumif;
aew,f? [kwu f vhJ m; (rSefygbk&m;)/
psmem 0k|[dwGm psmeH ypöa0u©wd? psmem-
psmefr?S 0k|[dwmG - xí? psme psmeHH- psmefu?kd ypöa0u©wd-
qifjcif\/
eifwYkd qifjcifwwfovm;- rqifjcifwwfb;l ?
ckewke;f u[mawG &ay;&if qifjcifwwfw,f? udav
omumruif ; avu avu- tJ ' guvnf ; ygVd & S d w ,f ?
eifwdkYuawmh rodygbl;/
umar[d 0d 0 d a pö 0 ? umar[d - 0w¬ K umrç
udavom umrwdrYk ?S 0d0dapö0- uif;qdwí f omvQif?
r[kwb f ;l vm; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ygVdr&Sb d ;l vm; (&Syd gw,f
bk&m;)? r&SdbJeJYajymovm; (rajymygbl;bk&m;)? tJvkd
,Hxk m;-r&Sb d eJ YJ rajymbl;? [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
udavomumr uif;avu rSwfMu yxr
psmef -tckuif;raebl;vm; (uif;aeygw,f bk&m;)?
uJ rsufpd rSw d v f u kd -f uif;oGm;wmaygh? [du k vlawG
vnf; wu,frrSwef çYJ 'g umrac:w,f/
rsufpdeJYjrifwJhtm½Hk bmtm½Hk (½lyg½Hkygbk&m;)/
em;eJYMum;wJhtm½Hk bmtm½Hk (o'´g½Hkygbk&m;)/
F18G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
ESmacgif;eJeY w H t hJ m½Hk bmtm½Hk (*E¨m½Hyk gbk&m;)/
vQmeJYpm;wJhtm½Hk bmtm½Hk (&om½Hkygbk&m;)/
ud, k ef x YJ w
d thJ m½Hk bmtm½Hk (azm|AÁm½Hyk gbk&m;)/
tJ'g umrac:w,f? tJ'gudkrvdkcsifbl;qdk&if
bmwHk;-udavomr&Sdbl;? tJ'D tm½Hkig;yg;udk vdkcsif
w,fq&kd if udavomjzpfomG ;wmaygh? r[kwb f ;l vm;
(rSeyf g bk&m;)? &dyrf Nd yDvm; (&dyrf yd gNyDb&k m;)? tJovdk
odxm;rS psmefreS ;f odw,f? tJ'g yxrpsmefy/J
£" bd u © a 0 bd u © K 0d 0 d a pö 0 umar[d
0d0dpö tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H
0da0uZH yDwdokcH yxrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&wd/
umar[d -0w¬Kumrç udavomumrwdkYrS?
0d0dapö0-uif;apqdwfapíomvQif? tukoav[d-
tukov kd jf zpfuek af om? "ar®[d-w&m;wdrYk ?S 0d0pd ö {0 {0-
uif ; qd w f í omvQif ? yxrH psmeH - yxrpsmef u d k ?
OyorÜZÆ-usa&mufí (0g)jynhpf akH pí? 0d[&wd-ae\/
eifwu Ykd 'DygVdrrS &Gwb f ;l ? ukvm;awG pmoif
ay;&ovdk jzpfaewmayhg? r[kwb f ;l vm; (rSeyf gbk&m;)?
'gayr,fh ryle?YJ 'D[mav;awGxv J nf; ygvmvdrrhf ,f?
tJ'gav;awGxyJ gwJ[ h mawG jyef*½kpu kd ?f [kwu f v hJ m;
F19G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

(rSeyf gbk&m;)? awmfMum tjyifbufa&muf&if wjcm;

a&mufoGm;NyD; tck [mawGarhoGm;rSm? 'gayr,fh
toHzrf;xm;wmawGudk jyefem;axmif&if&w,f/
psmem
psmem-psmefr?S tBuD;tus,fBuD;awG ajymae
wm? eifwMYkd um;vnf; rMum;zl;ygbl;? Mum;zl;&ifvnf;
bmrSef; rodygbl;? r[kwfbl;vm; (rSefygbk&m;)?
igwdkYuawmh i,fi,fwkef;uwnf;u tJ'Dvkd[mawG
vkyfvmwm/
0k|[dwGm -xí? psmefrSxw,fqdkwm tJ'D
udavomumrç 0w¬Kumrr&SdbJeJY? psmeH -psmefudk?
ypöa0u©wd-qifjcif\? udavomumr uif;yHkav;
udvk nf; qifjcifae&w,f? tJ'g yxrpsmefukd qifjcif
wmyJ? tJ'Dyxrpsmefu ukodkvf? qifjcifwmu-
tusd K ;;? tJ'g tm½HkaMumifh? tm½Hku-taMumif ; ?
qifjcifwmu (tusdK;ygbk&m;)? tJvdkjzpfoGm;w,f?
tJvdkav;uGJzdkY? psmefuxNyD; psmefudkqifjcifwmu-
tm½H k /
tJ'gav;udkyJ awmfawmf*½kpdkuf? Mumawmh
odvmr,f? Muufwla&G;awmifrS oif&if wwfao;
wmyJ? 'umBuD;wdu Yk Muufwal &G;rS r[kwb
f çJ vl&nf
F20G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
wwfBuD;awGyJ/
wu,ft h av;teufuav; *½kpu kd af y;? ud,k hf
ypön;f awGukd *½kpu dk &f wmu rsm;aevd?Yk tckawmh tJ'g
awGukd *½kpu kd ?f toufajcmufq,fausmf&if tJ'[ D m
*½kpudk ?f [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? av;q,fig;q,f
uawmh xm;ygawmh? tedpöaumif 'ku©aumifawGç
bmrSe;f rod nmrSe;f rod vkyq f kd vkyv f u
kd w
f myJ? Ny;D awmh
bmjzpfreS ;f vnf; rodMubl; [kww f ,f? psmem
psmem-psmefr?S
psmefqw kd m tJv[ kd mac:w,f? tJ'[ hD mav;usix hf m;aemf/
tukov kd u f mr uif;avu rSwMf u yxrpsmef/
0dwuf0dpmuif;avyg rSwfyg 'kwd,psmef/
t0d w uú H t0d p m&H orm"d Z H yD w d o k c H
'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&wd/
tJvdk eifwu Ykd awmh r&bl;? r&wJo h al wG ajym&
wm? aemufusawmh &vdrfhr,f? 'D[mxJygoGm;wm?
tJ'grSwaf &;? pD;yGm;a&;u &Sm&vGe;f vdçYk uke;f ½ke;f NyD;awmh
om;awGa&mç a,musfm;awGa&mç vifawGa&m r,m;
awGa&meJ-Y pm;Muç aysmfMuç jrL;MueJ?Y tJ'[ D musawmh
bmrSe;f rodawmhb;l ? udavomumrac:w,f? bmwH;k
(udavomumrygbk&m;)/
F21G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

tJ'D udavomumrxJaeawmh yxrpsmef&Sd

ao;vm; (r&Sdawmhygbk&m;)? ausmif;oGm; w&m;em
vmawmh r&Sb d ;l vm;ç &Sod vm; (&Syd gw,fb&k m;)? at;
tdrfa&mufawmhr&Sdawmhbl;? psmefuavQmoGm;w,f?
td r f a &muf & if psmef u avQmoG m ;NyD ? [k w f u J h v m;
(rSefygbk&m;)? psmefravQmatmifae? [kwfuJhvm;
(rSefygbk&m;)? 'grS psme - psmefrS? 0k|[dwGm -xí?
psmeH - psmef u d k? ypö a 0u© w d - qif j cif \ ? tJ ' D y gVd
a&mufw,f? odrYk rYkd a&mufb;l /
aou©m a*gMwbHk ypöa0u©EÅ/d tJ'D a*gMwbHk
qdkwm od&JUvm;-umruvGefajrmufwm/
a*gwå H b0wd tbd b 0wD w d a*gMwbk ?
a*gwåH-ykxZk OftEG,u f ?kd b0wd tbdb0wd-vTr;f rd;k í
jzpfwwf\? £wdwo®m-xdaYk Mumif?h a*gMwbk-a*gMw
bkrnf\/
a*gwåuH tEG,af [mw,f? [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf g
bk&m;)? a*gwåH b0wd tbdb0wDwd a*gMwbk -
yk'feJYç Bud,meJY qufxm;w,f? [kwfuJhvm; (rSefyg
bk&m;)? ykxZk OftEG,u f kd vTr;f rd;k íjzpfw,fq&dk if vGef
ajrmufwmaygh? NyD;awmh ckewke;f u udavomumrudk
F22G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
vGeaf jrmufv&Ykd &dS ifvnf; a*gMwbkac:w,f? tJ'u D mrrS
vGefajrmufwJh a*gMwbkudk psmefa*gMwbkvdkYac:w,f?
aemufrmS psmefawGcsnf; jzpfomG ;w,f/
ykxZk OftEG,u f kd vGeaf jrmufomG ;wJh a*gMwbk
usawmh r*fzv dk af wGa&mufomG ;w,f? a*gMwbkNyD;awmh
r*fa&mufw,f? tJ'g-aou© aou©m a*gMwbHk ypöa0u©EÅd?
r[kwfbl;vm; (rSefygbk&m;)? rsm;vdkY&Sd&if-ypöa0u©EÅd?
]aou©} qdkwm {u0kpf? ]aou©m}}qdkwm A[k0kpf?
r[kwf bl;vm; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
aou©m a*gMwbHk ypöa0u©EÅd-aou©myk*d¾Kvf
wduYk a*gMwbkukd qifjcifw,fw?hJ a*gMwbku qifjcif
aomw&m;tm; tm½HBk uD; tjzpfjzifh aus;Zl;jyKvku d wf ,f
wJ?h ukov kd çf ukov kd tf csif;csif;? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf g
bk&m;)? tJ'gawGukd tJovdrk sm;rsm;BuD; qifjcifay;aemf
(rSefygbk&m;)/
'grS rSwfrdr,f? odkYr[kwf&if a*gMwbkudk
bmrSe;f rodbJ aewwfw,f? umrtEG,ef YJ ykxZk Of
tEG,-f [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? tJ'g ESpcf k jzwfwwf
rS a*gMwbkac:w,f/
a0g'geH ypöa0u©EÅd -aomwmywådr*fomvQif
F23G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

a*gMwbkjzpfomG ;w,f? ou'g*grdç tem*grdç t&[wå

r*fwdkYusawmh a0g'gefvkdYac:w,f? a*gMwbkae&mudk
a0g'ge? ]a0g'geH}u jzLpifjcif;teufudk a[mw,f?
a0g'geHu bmteufuakd [mw,f (jzLpifjcif;teufukd
a[mygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'gudv k nf; qifjcifw,f/
ou'g*grfç tem*grfjzpfomG ;NyDq&kd if jzLpifae
awmhw,f? rsufpu d tvif;a&mifawG [du k xGuf 'Du
xGufeJY? tJ'gawGjzpfwwfw,f? [kwfuJhvm; (rSefyg
bk&m;)? tJvq kd &kd if ou'g*grfç tem*grfwjYkd zpfomG ;NyD?
bmjzpfvw Ykd ;kH qdak wmh udavomawGu a0;awmhwmud;k ?
r[kwfbl;vm; (rSefygbk&m;)? tJvdk*½kpdkuf? tJvdkjzpf
atmifBudK;pm;? umrawGç udavomawGukd vGeaf jrmuf
atmifvyk ?f [kww f ,fr[kwv f m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
udavomumruif;pifu rSwMf u yxr psmef/
yxrpsmef
[dkuawmh tm½HkawGeJYcsnf;yJ vkyfaewmyJ?
xGuw f ,fç odw,fqw kd [hJ mawGu tJ'b D ufukd odyrf
a&mufbJeJY tm½HkawGbufa&mufNyD;awmh tm½HkawG
vdu
k pf m;oGm;w,f? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? aou©m
a*gMwbHk ypöa0u©EÅ-d NyD;awmhaum(a0g'geH ypöa0u©E/Åd
aou©m r*¾g 0k|[dwmG r*¾H ypöa0u©E/dÅ )
F24G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
r*¾g-r*fqw kd mu udavomudo k wfwmudk r*f
ac:w,f? tck olpY w d xf rJ mS vlawGbmawGç a,musfm;
awG rde;f rawGr&Sad wmhb;l ? bmjzpfvv Ykd q J akd wmh 'd|ud
owfxm;awmh rde;f rawGa,musfm;awG olUpdwx f J r&Sd
awmhb;l ? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? tJ'gaomwmyef
jzpfomG ;wmyJ? r*¾gqdw k m tJ'g/
or® m 'd | d ç or® m ouF y Ü u tJ ' D rd e f ; rawG
a,musfm;awGukd owfvu dk wf ,f? or®m'd|rd mS b,fEh , S hf
vkyf rdef;r&SdrwHk;? rdpäm'd|drSmom bm&Sdw,f (rdef;r
a,musfm; &Syd gw,fb&k m;)? or®m'd|rd mS rde;f ra,musfm;
&So
d vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? rde;f ra,musfm;r&Sw r*¾g/
d mu-r*¾
aou©m-aou©myk*Kd¾ vfonf qdw k mu 'Dusiq hf J
yk*Kd¾ vf? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? t&[wår*fa&muf
atmif usifah ewJyh *k Kd¾ vf? tJ'yD *k Kd¾ vfu udavomowf
NyD; r*fuxw,f? xNyD;awmhrS tJ'rD *fukd jyefqifjcifwhJ
tcgusawmh aMomf ykxZk Ofqw kd mu yk*Kd¾ vfowå0gawG
½Sdw,f- 'd|d ? a,musfm;awG rdef;rawGr½Sdbl;vm;
(½Syd gw,fb&k m;)? pdwx f rJ ½Sed çYJ pdwxf ½J &dS if r*fr[kwf
ao;bl;? pdwx f rJ mS tJ'rD ed ;f rawG a,musfm;awG r½Sb d ;l
qd&k if r*f[w k o f mG ;NyD? or®m'd|d çor®mouFy/Ü
F25G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

'gu ]a'G ar bdu©a0 tEÅm yAÁZdawe}

xJ r S m t,k w f w &m;ES p f y g;uvnf ; vG w f v mawmh
rZösrd y#dy'gjzpfw,f? t,kww f &m; ESpyf g;qdw k m ajymcJh
NyD;NyDç bmawG bmawGqw kd m? ukov kd af wGvnf;ygw,f?
r[kwfbl;vm; (rSefygbk&m;)/
tJ'aD wmY -ud udavomvom? 'd|q d w kd m bmwH;k -
ud a vom ?0d p d u d p ä m qd k w mbmwH k ; (ud a vomyg
bk&m;)? £ómqdw k mbmwH;k (udavomygbk&m;)? rpä
&d,qdw k mbmwH;k (udavomygbk&m;)? tJ'u D ad vom
pdwx f rJ ½Sw
d mudk aomwmyefac:w,f? tJ'gawG pdwx f J
½Sdae&if aomwmyefrjzpfao;bl;/
tJ'Dawmh pdwfxJr½Sd&if r*fudkqifjcifawmh
aMomf þ[mawG r½Syd gyJuvm; pdwx f rJ mS çpdwx f rJ mS ?
ESv;kH udrk oGi;f awmhb;l ? rde;f rvdEYk v
S ;kH roGi;f bl;ç a,musf m ;
vdkUvnf;ESvHk;roGif;bl;? ½Sdawmh½SdwmyJ? 'gayr,fh
'DpdwfxJuÓmPfu vTrf;rdk;aeNyDav? [kwfuJhvm;
(rSefygbk&m;)? ÓmPfujzpfaeawmh rdef;rawG a,musfm;
awG pdwx f rJ xm;bl;? tJ'g r*fukd ypöa0u©EÅ-d qifjcif
w,fac:w,f? b,folqifjcifwwfwHk;ç 'umrBuD;
wdkYqifjcifwwfNyDvm; (qifjcifwwfygNyDbk&m;)/
qif j cif a y;-[k w f w ,f r [k w f v m; (wif y gh
F26G
 b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
bk&m;)? wifyghbk&m;çwifyghbk&m;qdkNyD; ausmif;tjyif
bufa&mufawmh [dpk um;ajym 'Dpum;ajymeJU arhomG ;Ny?D
tJ'gawG rqifjcifawmYb;l ? tJ'gu ud, k t
hf vky?f 'g
b,foUl tvkyw f ;kH (ud, k thf vkyyf gbk&m;)? ud, k thf vkyf
xuf olwumhtvkyaf wG jzpfjzpfuek af wmY rqifjcif
awmYb;l ? tJ'g -aou© aou©m r*¾g 0k|[dwGm r*¾H ypöa0
u© E å d /
NyD;awmYaum (aou©m 0g ykxZk Æem 0g ukovH
tedpaö wm 'kua© wm tewåawm 0dyóEå)d /
tJ'D qifjcifwu YJ ok v kd uf vnf; ig [kwu f v YJ m;
(r[kwfygbk&m;)? NrJa&mNrJ&JUvm; (rNrJygbk&m;)? tJ'gudk
wu,fqifjcifvm&if rNrJbl;-ted tedpö/
qifjcifç qifjcifae&wmu rqif;&Jb;l vm;ç
qif;&Jovm; (qif;&Jygw,fbk&m;)?tJ'g tjzpfu
qif;&Jwmac:w,f? tedpjö zpfwmr[kwv f m;? jzpfNyD;rNrJ
bl;?jzpfjzpfaeawmY tjzpfuqif;&JoGm;w,f-'ku©/
tJ'[ D mawGu ud, k [ f wk &f UJ vm;ç ig[kw&f UJ vm;
(r[kwfygbk&m;)? tJ'gawG[m-tewå tewå /
tJ'v D -kd ukovH tedpaö wm 'kua© wm qifjcif
vdu
k af wmh pdwx f NJ idr;f roGmbl;vm; (Nidr;f oGm;ygw,f
bk&m;)? ]ukovH} qdkwm b,f[mwHk;-raemuH raemuH ?
F27G
 ukov
kd u
f o
k v
kd t
f csi;f csi;f tm½Ho
k iG ;f r,Gi;f ukov
kd jf zpfownf; w&m;awmf

raemuHutvkyrf vkyb f ;l vm; (vkyyf gw,fb&k m;)? tck

vk y f a o;vm; (rvk y f y gbk & m;)? tJ o vd k Nid r f ; wm
udkbmac:wHk; (edAÁmefygbk&m;)? tJ'gaMumifY-ukovH
tedpöawm 'ku©awm tewåawm 0dyóEåd /
tJ'g yxrwef;aumif;wJh ]y|mef;0dyóem}
ac:w,f? bmac: (y|mef;0dyóemygbk&m;)? 0dyóem
y|mef;wJ?Y uJ awmfMuOD;pd/Yk

om"k ... om"k ... om"k

¸¸¸¸¸

owå0gr&Sd[laom todonfomvQif vdk&if;jzpfonf/

]oD&da*[m} tDvufxa&mepfrS ½dkuful;wnf;jzwf ylaZmfygonf/

trSwf 180-182? r[mAE¨Kvyef;NcHvrf;? ausmufwHwmNrdKUe,f?
&efukef/ zkef; -01-374868/
rat;jrwf p k r S a&;om;yl a Zmf y gonf /

F28G
b'´Eå£aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)

F29G