FBDFADY]EF@ÖD

 FBDFADY]EF@ÖD:
Bparef`öd qua fbds`sta ad saperer ude lreff`öd adr`quaf`ie fbd ude rafuparef`öd iah
o`dareh ia vehbr ia he oade supar`br e he qua sa hbkrerïe fbd ud fbstbsb aqu`vehadta pbr
ah tr
tret
eteo
eo`a
`adt
dtb
b su
sums
ms`k
`ku`
u`ad
adta
ta,, b m`
m`ad
ad ia
iasa
safg
fger
er hb
hbs
s as
astà
tàr`
r`ha
has
s e ud fb
fbst
stb
b `d
`dla
lar`
r`br
br qu
qua
a
raprasadterïe ud prbfasb uhtar`br.

Hbs oàtbibs ia fbdfadtref`öd iapadiad ia he deturehaze ia oetar`eh (o`dareh detureh) y

sus prbp`aieias.

Lïs`fes: ah fbhbr, ralhaftedf`e ia suparl`f`a, d`vah ia raeft`v`iei,

susfapt`m`h`iei oekdàt`fe y fbdiuft`v`iei.
Uuïo`fes: prbp`aieias quïo`fes suparl`f`ehas, tads`öd suparl`f`eh.

Iuredta hbs prbfasbs ia fbdfadtref`öd b madal`f`b ia oades sa gefa dafaser`b hhaver

ude fuedt`l`fef`ö
fuedt`l`fef`öd
d ia he o`soe, ia teh lbroe ia fbdbf
fbdbfar
ar hbs rasuht
rasuhteibs
eibs y iaf`i`r fbob as

ted alaft`ve he bparef`öd.

 SE]ÅOAY]BV KADA]EHAV UQA SA]O@YAD FBDY]BHE] HE
ALAFY@\@IEI IA HEV BSA]EF@BDAV IA MADAL@F@B.
 @DI@FAV YAFD@FB ‖ AFBDBO@FBV

5.- ]afuparef`öd Oatehúrk`fe

Oatehúrk`fe (]o): Iataro`de he fedt`iei ia ude aspaf`a (oateh
fbdtad`ib ad ude oade) rafupareie ad ah fbdfadtreib, raspaftb e he fedt`iei ia he
o`soe aspaf`a eh`oadteie eh prbfasb, teom`àd sa gemhe ia rafuparef`öd ia he aspaf`a
ia `dtaràs ad hes fbhes b ad btrbs prbiuftbs y sa axprase ad pbrfadteja.

Ah bmjat`vb ia he rafuparef`öd as iataro`der he i`str`muf`öd ia oateh ad he eh`oadtef`öd y

ad hbs i`laradtas prbiuftbs ia he bparef`öd ia madal`f`b.

• Sere Qd Srbiuftb:

Ee Mm
Ibdia:

m ? % ia oateh ad ah fbdfadtreib M.
e ? % ia oateh ad he eh`oadtef`öd E.
M ? pasb ia fbdfadtreib.
E ? pasb ia he femaze b eh`oadtef`öd.
 SE]ÅOAY]BV KADA]EHAV UQA SA]O@YAD FBDY]BHE] HE
ALAFY@\@IEI IA HEV BSA]EF@BDAV IA MADAL@F@B.
• Sere Ibs Srbiuftbs:

Ee Mm
eE ? mM + fF
E? M + F
Ah`o`dedib F

fE ? fM? +M(m-f)
E(e-f) f
fF
F Ff
M ? (m-f) Vust`tuyadib ad ] ? mM
E (e-f) eE

]o ? m * e ‖ f
e m‖ f
Ibdia:

f ? % ia oateh ad hes fbhes F.

F ? pasb ia hes fbhes.
Aste lbrouhe paro`ta fehfuher he rafuparef`öd ad mesa e edåh`s`s quïo`fbs iah oateh s`d fbdbfar
hbs pasbs ia E, M y F
 SE]ÅOAY]BV KADA]EHAV UQA SA]O@YAD FBDY]BHE] HE
ALAFY@\@IEI IA HEV BSA]EF@BDAV IA MADAL@F@B.

=.- ]ezöd ia Fbdfadtref`öd (]f):

 As he rahef`öd adtra ah pasb tbteh ia he eh`oadtef`öd y ah pasb tbteh ia ia

fbdfadtreib.
 Duoarb ia tbdaheies ia eh`oadtef`öd raquar`ie pere prbiuf`r ude tbdaheie

ia fbdfadtreib.

]f ? E (Sasb) ]f ? Ee
Ee (L`db)
M Mm

Ibdia
E ? eh`oadtef`öd.
M ? Fbdfadtreib.

 Y`ada fbob bmjat`vb oai`r he al`f`adf`e ia ude bparef`öd ia fbdfadtref`öd.