Calculation of Drain Pipes Flow Rate & Velocity from 300mm dia. To 900mm dia.

for
Concrete Pipe and Vitrified Clay Pipe on Full Capacity

(1). Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by Drainage
Services Department
The Colebrook-White equation is:

 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

Q = VA

where
V = mean velocity (m/s)
A = pipe cross sectional area (m2)
(2). Calculation

Diameter Colebrook-White
Gradient Velocity Capacity of Flow
Pipe Material of Pipe roughness
1 in ____ (m/s) (l/s)
(mm) coefficient ks

Concrete Pipe 900 150 0.6 2.56 1625.9

Concrete Pipe 825 200 0.6 2.10 1120.1
Concrete Pipe 750 200 0.6 1.97 872.4
Concrete Pipe 750 200 0.6 1.97 872.4
Concrete Pipe 750 150 0.6 2.28 1008.3
Concrete Pipe 750 100 0.6 2.80 1236.2
Concrete Pipe 675 200 0.6 1.85 661.8
Concrete Pipe 675 100 0.6 2.62 937.8
Concrete Pipe 675 80 0.6 2.93 1049.0
Concrete Pipe 600 250 0.6 1.54 434.1
Concrete Pipe 600 200 0.6 1.72 485.7
Concrete Pipe 525 250 0.6 1.41 305.6
Concrete Pipe 525 200 0.6 1.58 342.0
Concrete Pipe 450 200 0.6 1.43 228.0
Concrete Pipe 450 150 0.6 1.66 263.6
Concrete Pipe 375 200 0.6 1.28 141.1
Concrete Pipe 375 60 0.6 2.34 258.7
Concrete Pipe 300 200 0.6 1.11 78.3
Vitrified Clay Pipe 400 300 3.0 0.87 109.1
Vitrified Clay Pipe 450 300 3.0 0.94 149.3
Vitrified Clay Pipe 400 200 3.0 1.06 133.7
For detailed calculations, please refer to Appendix A to U
Appendix A
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.900 m2
= 1
S = 0.006667
= 150
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.9 x 150 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.9
+
0.9 ( 9.80 x 0.9 x 150 ) 0.5 )
= 2.56 m/s
A = ( 0.9 / 2 )² x π
= 0.636 m2
Q = VA = 2.56 x 0.636
= 1.63 m³/s
= 1625.9 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix B
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log 
0.5
 
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.825 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.825 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.825
+ 0.825 ( 9.80 x 0.825 x
200 )
0.5 )
= 2.10 m/s
A = ( 0.825 / 2 )² x π
= 0.534 m2
Q = VA = 2.10 x 0.534
= 1.12 m³/s
= 1120.1 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)

A = area of pipework (m2)

Appendix C

Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System

 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.750 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.75 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.75
+
0.75 ( 9.80 x 0.75 x 200 ) 0.5 )
= 1.97 m/s
A = ( 0.75 / 2 )² x π
= 0.441 m2
Q = VA = 1.97 x 0.441
= 0.87 m³/s
= 872.4 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix D
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log 
0.5
 
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.750 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.75 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.75
+
0.75 ( 9.80 x 0.75 x 200 ) 0.5 )
= 1.97 m/s
A = ( 0.75 / 2 )² x π
= 0.441 m2
Q = VA = 1.97 x 0.441
= 0.87 m³/s
= 872.4 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix E
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.750 m2
= 1
S = 0.006667
= 150
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.75 x 150 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.75
+
0.75 ( 9.80 x 0.75 x 150 ) 0.5 )
= 2.28 m/s
A = ( 0.75 / 2 )² x π
= 0.441 m2
Q = VA = 2.28 x 0.441
= 1.01 m³/s
= 1008.3 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix F
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.750 m2
= 1
S = 0.01
= 100
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.75 x 100 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.75
+
0.75 ( 9.80 x 0.75 x 100 ) 0.5 )
= 2.80 m/s
A = ( 0.75 / 2 )² x π
= 0.441 m2
Q = VA = 2.80 x 0.441
= 1.24 m³/s
= 1236.2 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix G
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.675 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.675 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.675
+ 0.675 ( 9.80 x 0.675 x
200 )
0.5 )
= 1.85 m/s
A = ( 0.675 / 2 )² x π
= 0.357 m2
Q = VA = 1.85 x 0.357
= 0.66 m³/s
= 661.8 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix H
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.675 m2
= 1
S = 0.01
= 100
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.675 x 100 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.675
+ 0.675 ( 9.80 x 0.675 x
100 )
0.5 )
= 2.62 m/s
A = ( 0.675 / 2 )² x π
= 0.357 m2
Q = VA = 2.62 x 0.357
= 0.94 m³/s
= 937.8 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix I
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.675 m2
= 1
S = 0.0125
= 80
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.675 x 80 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.675
+
0.675 ( 9.80 x 0.675 x 80 ) 0.5 )
= 2.93 m/s
A = ( 0.675 / 2 )² x π
= 0.357 m2
Q = VA = 2.93 x 0.357
= 1.05 m³/s
= 1049.0 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix J
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.600 m2
= 1
S = 0.004
= 250
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.6 x 250 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.6
+
0.6 ( 9.80 x 0.6 x 250 ) 0.5 )
= 1.54 m/s
A = ( 0.6 / 2 )² x π
= 0.282 m2
Q = VA = 1.54 x 0.282
= 0.43 m³/s
= 434.1 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix K
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.600 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.6 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.6
+
0.6 ( 9.80 x 0.6 x 200 ) 0.5 )
= 1.72 m/s
A = ( 0.6 / 2 )² x π
= 0.282 m2
Q = VA = 1.72 x 0.282
= 0.49 m³/s
= 485.7 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix L
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.525 m2
= 1
S = 0.004
= 250
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.525 x 250 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.525
+ 0.525 ( 9.80 x 0.525 x
250 )
0.5 )
= 1.41 m/s
A = ( 0.525 / 2 )² x π
= 0.216 m2
Q = VA = 1.41 x 0.216
= 0.31 m³/s
= 305.6 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix M
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.525 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.525 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.525
+ 0.525 ( 9.80 x 0.525 x
200 )
0.5 )
= 1.58 m/s
A = ( 0.525 / 2 )² x π
= 0.216 m2
Q = VA = 1.58 x 0.216
= 0.34 m³/s
= 342.0 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix N
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.450 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.45 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.45
+
0.45 ( 9.80 x 0.45 x 200 ) 0.5 )
= 1.43 m/s
A = ( 0.45 / 2 )² x π
= 0.159 m2
Q = VA = 1.43 x 0.159
= 0.23 m³/s
= 228.0 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix O
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.450 m2
= 1
S = 0.006667
= 150
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.45 x 150 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.45
+
0.45 ( 9.80 x 0.45 x 150 ) 0.5 )
= 1.66 m/s
A = ( 0.45 / 2 )² x π
= 0.159 m2
Q = VA = 1.66 x 0.159
= 0.26 m³/s
= 263.6 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix P
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.375 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.375 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.375
+ 0.375 ( 9.80 x 0.375 x
200 )
0.5 )
= 1.28 m/s
A = ( 0.375 / 2 )² x π
= 0.110 m2
Q = VA = 1.28 x 0.110
= 0.14 m³/s
= 141.1 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix Q
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.375 m2
= 1
S = 0.016667
= 60
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.375 x 60 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.375
+
0.375 ( 9.80 x 0.375 x 60 ) 0.5 )
= 2.34 m/s
A = ( 0.375 / 2 )² x π
= 0.110 m2
Q = VA = 2.34 x 0.110
= 0.26 m³/s
= 258.7 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix R
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 0.6 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.300 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.3 x 200 )

0.6 2.5 x 0.00000101

x Log
( 3.7 x 0.3
+
0.3 ( 9.80 x 0.3 x 200 ) 0.5 )
= 1.11 m/s
A = ( 0.3 / 2 )² x π
= 0.070 m2
Q = VA = 1.11 x 0.070
= 0.08 m³/s
= 78.3 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix S
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 3 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.400 m2
= 1
S = 0.003333
= 300
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.4 x 300 )

3 2.5 x 0.00000101
x Log
( 3.7 x 0.4
+
0.4 ( 9.80 x 0.4 x 300 ) 0.5 )
= 0.87 m/s
A = ( 0.4 / 2 )² x π
= 0.125 m2
Q = VA = 0.87 x 0.125
= 0.11 m³/s
= 109.1 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix T
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 3 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.450 m2
= 1
S = 0.003333
= 300
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.45 x 300 )

3 2.5 x 0.00000101
x Log
( 3.7 x 0.45
+
0.45 ( 9.80 x 0.45 x 300 ) 0.5 )
= 0.94 m/s
A = ( 0.45 / 2 )² x π
= 0.159 m2
Q = VA = 0.94 x 0.159
= 0.15 m³/s
= 149.3 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)
Appendix U
Colebrook-White Equation for Drainage System
 n 

Reference:
By using the Colebrook-White Equation as stipulated in the Sewerage Manual issued by
Drainage Services Department.
The Colebrook-White equation is:
 k 2.5 
V  2  2 gDS  log
0.5
  
 3.7 D D  2 gDS 0.5 
 
k = Colebrook-White roughness coefficient, in metres
V = velocity, in metres per second
D = circular cross-section pipe, inside diameter, in metres
S = slope, in metres per metre
ν = kinematic viscosity of water, in square metres per second.

ks = 3 m
g = 9.81 m2/s
D = 0.400 m2
= 1
S = 0.005
= 200
ν = 1.01E-06 m2/s
0.5
V = -2 ( 2 x 9.80665 x 0.4 x 200 )

3 2.5 x 0.00000101
x Log
( 3.7 x 0.4
+
0.4 ( 9.80 x 0.4 x 200 ) 0.5 )
= 1.06 m/s
A = ( 0.4 / 2 )² x π
= 0.125 m2
Q = VA = 1.06 x 0.125
= 0.13 m³/s
= 133.7 l/s
where
Q = discharge flow rate capacity (l/s)
A = area of pipework (m2)