Unit 3: Lecture 5- Steady State Heat Conduction

Dr. Vaibhav S. Kathavate

Assistant Professor (Adjunct),
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering,
COEP Technological University,
(Formerly College of Engineering Pune),
Shivajinagar, Pune 411 005,
Maharashtra, India.
Steady State Heat Conduction….

• Heat transfer problems are generally classified in two categories; 𝑻𝟏

• Steady state heat conduction
𝒚 (𝑾) 𝑸 (𝑾)
• Unsteady state heat conduction (or transient heat
𝒙 (𝑾)
𝑻𝟐
conduction)
After Time (𝑡)
• Steady state heat conduction generally deals with no change in heat

flux within a media with respect to time. (Caution: The heat flux may 𝑻𝟏

vary from one point to another point but should not vary with the time). 𝒚 (𝑾) 𝑸 (𝑾)
• In unsteady state heat conduction (or transient heat conduction) heat 𝒙 (𝑾)
𝑻𝟐
flux within a media with changes with respect to time.
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 Heat Loss Through a Wall….

• Consider a wall whose dimensions are 𝒉 = 𝟑𝒎, 𝒘 = 𝟓𝒎 and 𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝒎 as shown in Figure. If the
inside and outside environment of the wall is maintained at the temperatures 𝟏𝟔 ℃ and 𝟐 ℃,
respectively. Calculate the heat loss through the wall.

• Assume 𝒌𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟗 𝑾/𝒎 ∙ 𝑲.

𝒅𝑻
𝒒 = 𝒌𝑨 𝑨 = 𝟑 × 𝟓 𝒎𝟐 = 𝟏𝟓 𝒎𝟐
𝒅𝑳
𝒉 = 𝟑𝒎

• Always consider surface area (i.e.,

𝑻𝟏 = 𝟏𝟔℃ (𝟐𝟖𝟗 − 𝟐𝟕𝟓)
𝒒 = 𝟎. 𝟗 × 𝟏𝟓 × area perpendicular to heat flow) and
𝑻𝟐 = 𝟐℃
𝟎. 𝟑
not the cross sectional area.
𝒒 = 𝟔𝟑𝟎 𝑾
, 𝒘 = 𝟓𝒎

𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝒎
• Solve this problem using the concept of thermal resistance.
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Heat Loss Through a Single Pan Window….

• Calculate the steady state heat flow passing through a window having dimension 𝒉 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝒎, 𝒘 =
𝟏. 𝟓𝒎, 𝑳 = 𝟖 𝒎𝒎, and thermal conductivity 𝒌𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖 𝑾/𝒎 ∙ 𝑲. Consider the inside and
outside environment of the window is maintained at the temperatures 𝟐𝟎 ℃ and −𝟏𝟎 ℃ ,
respectively. The respective convective heat transfer coefficients for the inner and outer
atmosphere are 𝟏𝟎 and 𝟒𝟎 𝑾/𝒎𝟐 ∙ 𝑲. Also calculate the inside and outside air/window interface
temperatures.

• Assume that heat transfer through conduction and convection takes place on the similar/same
areas.

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 Heat Loss Through a Single Pan Window….
(𝑻 𝟏 − 𝑻 𝟐 )
𝒒= 𝑨 = 𝟏. 𝟓 × 𝟎. 𝟖 𝒎𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟐 𝒎𝟐

𝒉 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝒎
𝑻𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎 ℃
𝑹𝒕𝒉
𝑻𝒘𝟏
𝒉𝟏
𝑻𝒘𝟐
𝒉𝟐 𝟏 𝑳𝟏 𝟏
𝑻𝟐 = −𝟏𝟎 ℃ 𝑹𝒕𝒉 = + +
𝑨𝟏 𝒉𝟏 𝑨𝟐 𝒌𝟏 𝑨𝟑 𝒉𝟐
𝒘 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝒎
𝑳 = 𝟖𝒎𝒎
𝟏 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟖 𝟏
𝒒 = 𝒉𝟏 𝑨 𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝒘𝟏 𝑹𝒕𝒉 = + +
𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟒𝟎

𝒒 = 𝒉𝟐 𝑨 𝑻𝒘𝟐 − 𝑻𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟕 𝑲/𝑾

• For calculating the interfacial (𝟐𝟗𝟑 − 𝟐𝟔𝟑)

𝒒= = 𝟐𝟔𝟔 𝑾
temperatures at air/window interface 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟕
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Heat Loss Through Multiple Pan Window….

• Determine the steady state heat transfer through a window that has multiple pans having
dimension 𝒉 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝒎, 𝒘 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝒎, 𝑳 = 𝟏𝟎𝒎𝒎, and thermal conductivity 𝒌𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟔 𝑾/𝒎 ∙
𝑲. Assume pan material is as a glass and surrounded from both the faces of a window with
𝒌𝒈𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖 𝑾/𝒎 ∙ 𝑲 and thickness 𝑳 = 𝟒𝒎𝒎. Consider the inside and outside environment of
the pan is maintained at the temperatures 𝟐𝟎 ℃ and −𝟏𝟎 ℃, respectively. The respective
convective heat transfer coefficients for the inner and outer atmosphere are 𝟏𝟎 and 𝟒𝟎 𝑾/𝒎𝟐 ∙
𝑲. Also calculate the inside and outside air/window interface temperatures.

• Assume that heat transfer through conduction and convection takes place on the similar/same
areas.

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 Heat Loss Through Multiple Pan Window….
𝑻𝟏 (𝑻 𝟏 − 𝑻 𝟐 )
𝑻𝒘𝟏 𝒒= 𝑨 = 𝟏. 𝟓 × 𝟎. 𝟖 𝒎𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟐 𝒎𝟐
𝑹𝒕𝒉
𝒉𝟏 𝑻𝒘𝟐

𝑻𝒘𝟑
𝑻𝒘𝟒
𝒌 𝟏 𝒌𝟐 𝒌 𝒉𝟐
𝟑 𝑻𝟐 𝟏 𝑳𝟏 𝑳𝟐 𝑳𝟑 𝟏
𝑹𝒕𝒉 = + + + +
𝑨𝟏 𝒉𝟏 𝑨𝟐 𝒌𝟏 𝑨𝟑 𝒌𝟐 𝑨𝟒 𝒌𝟑 𝑨𝟓 𝒉𝟐
𝑳𝟏 𝑳𝟐 𝑳𝟑
𝑹𝒕𝒉

(𝟐𝟗𝟑 − 𝟐𝟔𝟑) 𝟏 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟎

𝒒= = 𝟔𝟗. 𝟐 𝑾 =ቆ + +
𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟑𝟐 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟔

𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒 𝟏
+ + ቇ = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟑𝟐 𝑲/𝑾
𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖 𝟏. 𝟐 × 𝟒𝟎
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 Heat Loss Through Multiple Pan Window….
𝑻𝟏 𝒒 = 𝒉𝟏 𝑨 𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝒘𝟏
𝑻𝒘𝟏 Convection
𝒉𝟏 𝑻𝒘𝟐 𝒒 = 𝒉𝟐 𝑨 𝑻𝒘𝟒 − 𝑻𝟐
𝑻𝒘𝟑
𝑻𝒘𝟒 𝑻𝒘𝟏 − 𝑻𝒘𝟐
𝒌 𝟏 𝒌𝟐 𝒌 𝒉𝟐
𝟑
𝒒 = 𝒌𝟏 𝑨
𝑻𝟐 𝑳𝟏

𝑳𝟏 𝑳𝟐 𝑳𝟑 𝑻𝒘𝟐 − 𝑻𝒘𝟑
𝒒 = 𝒌𝟐 𝑨 Conduction
𝑳𝟐

𝑻𝒘𝟑 − 𝑻𝒘𝟒
𝒒 = 𝒌𝟑 𝑨
𝑳𝟑

• For calculating the interfacial temperatures at

air/window interface
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