Ansys Tutorial - Beam Bending

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ANSYS Tutorial - Beam Bending
Consider the beam bending problem:
6
Assume that the beam is made of steel (E=30x10 psi) and has a 4"x4" square cross section
4
(I=21.33 in ). Determine the maximum deflection and stress in the bar and the using 8 beam
elements. Compare the solution to the beam theory solution.
Beam theory solution
Beam theory gives the following displacement solution:
where v(x) is the displacement, P is the concentrated force (-5000 lb), x is the distance from the
6 2
left end of the beam, EI is the flexural stiffness of the beam (64 x 10 lb-in ), and wo is the
uniform distributed load (-50 lb/ft = -4.167 lb/in). The displacement field and bending stress
distribution predicted by beam theory are shown below. Note that the maximum deflection, –
1.83 in, occurs between x=11 ft and x=12 ft and the maximum bending stress is 22,203 psi at
x=15 ft.
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Finite Element solution (ANSYS)
Create a directory for your files using My Computer (C:\temp\trussdemo)
Start => Program => ANSYS 5.7 => Interactive
Preferences => select Structural => OK

Set Working Directory => c:\temp\beam_demo
Set Initial Jobname => beam_demo
Run
From Main Menu:

Preferences => select Structural => OK
Preprocessor => Element Type => Add/Edit/Delete
Add… => Beam => 2D elastic => OK => Close
Preprocessor => Sections => Beam – Common Sections => set B=4, H=4, => Preview to see
sectional properties
Preprocessor => Real Constants => Add => choose Type 1 – BEAM3 => set Area = 16,
Izz=21.33, Height = 4 => OK => Close
Preprocessor => Material Properties => Material Models => double click on Structural, Linear,
Elastic, Isotropic => EX=30E6, PRXY=0.3 => OK => Material => Exit
From ANSYS Toolbar => SAVE_DB
From Utility Menu:

Workplane => WP Settings => select Cartesian, Grid and Triad => Enable Snap => Snap Inc. =
30, Spacing = 30, Minimum = 0, Maximum = 240, Tolerance=.003 => OK
Workplane => Display Working Plane
PlotCtrls => Pan, Zoom, Rotate … => click on small circle (zoom out) repeatedly and use arrows
to activate and move workplane
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3 z 16 24-11-2010 22:19
From Main Menu:

Preprocessor => Modeling – Create => Nodes => On Working Plane => click to define nodes
(use right click to toggle between Pick and Unpick => OK
From Utility Menu:

PlotCtrls => Numbering => select Node numbers => OK
List => Nodes => OK
From Main Menu:

Preprocessor => Modeling – Create => Elements => Auto Numbered Through Nodes + =>
select (left click) nodes 1 and then node 2 => Apply (center click) => select nodes 2 and
then node 3 => Apply … continue to create 8 elements
Solution => Loads – Apply => Structural Displacement => On Nodes => select nodes 1 => OK
=> select UY => OK
Solution => Loads – Apply => Structural Displacement => On Nodes => select nodes 9 => OK
=> select UX & UY => OK
Solution => Loads – Apply => Structural Force/Moment => On Nodes => select node 7 => OK
=> set FY, Constant Value, Value = -5000 => OK
Solution => Loads – Apply => Structural Pressure => On Beams => select all elements => OK
=> VALI = -4.167, leave VALJ blank for uniform pressure => OK
Solution => Solve - Current LS => close ‘Solution is done’ window and ‘/STAT’ window
General Postproc => Plot Results => Deformed Shape => select Def + undeformed => OK
General Postproc => Element Table => Define Table … => Add => set AVPRIN = 0.3 => set
User Label = SB_TOP => => select ‘By sequence num’ => LS, 2 =>Apply => set User
Label = SB_BOT => LS, 3
General Postproc => Element Table => List Elem Table
General Postproc => Element Table => Plot Elem Table
General Postproc => List Results => Reaction Solution
To create graphics file to include in reports:

From Utility Menu:
PlotCtrls => Redirect Plots => To TIFF file (or other format) => select “Force White BG and
Black FG” => OK
Go to word processing window (such as MS Word) => Insert => Picture => From File => select
graphic file(s) it insert
To copy text output into reports:

From Utility Menu:
File => List Results (select desired results)
Drag mouse over text to be copied => Crtl-C
Go to word processing window (such as MS Word) => Paste
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4 z 16 24-11-2010 22:19
Results
The nodal rotations and displacements from the finite element solution are:
NODE UX UY ROTZ
1 0. 0000 0. 0000 - 0. 21332E- 01
2 0. 0000 - 0. 62787 - 0. 20130E- 01
3 0. 0000 - 1. 1850 - 0. 16643E- 01
4 0. 0000 - 1. 6054 - 0. 11047E- 01
5 0. 0000 - 1. 8284 - 0. 35162E- 02
6 0. 0000 - 1. 7988 0. 57725E- 02
7 0. 0000 - 1. 4663 0. 16643E- 01
8 0. 0000 - 0. 82126 0. 25405E- 01
9 0. 0000 0. 0000 0. 28364E- 01
The bending stress solution is given by:
STAT CURRENT CURRENT

ELEM SB_TOP SB_BOT
1 - 0. 13106E- 10 0. 13106E- 10
2 - 4746. 9 4746. 9
3 - 9142. 2 9142. 2
4 -13186. 13186.
5 -16878. 16878.
6 -20218. 20218.
7 -23207. 23207.
8 -11779. 11779.
The finite element displacement and bending stress solution is shown below. The maximum
bending stress, 23,207 psi is nearly identical to the beam theory result given above.
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Ansys Tutorial - Beam Bending

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Ansys Tutorial - Beam Bending

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Ansys Tutorial - Beam Bending http://www.scribd.com/doc/7207853/Ansys-Tutorial-Beam-Bending#o...

ANSYS Tutorial - Beam Bending

Consider the beam bending problem:

Beam theory solution

Beam theory gives the following displacement solution:

Finite Element solution (ANSYS)

Create a directory for your files using My Computer (C:\temp\trussdemo)

Start => Program => ANSYS 5.7 => Interactive

Preferences => select Structural => OK

From Main Menu:

From ANSYS Toolbar => SAVE_DB

From Utility Menu:

From Main Menu:

From Utility Menu:

From ANSYS Toolbar => SAVE_DB

From Main Menu:

From ANSYS Toolbar => SAVE_DB

To create graphics file to include in reports:

To copy text output into reports:

The bending stress solution is given by:

STAT CURRENT CURRENT

Ansys Tutorial - Beam Bending

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