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LEARNING
MODULE
MATHEMATIC G9  Q4.2
S

TRIANGLE
SIMILARITY
GENECOM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,
INC.
GENECOM LEARNING AND TUTORIAL CENTER
LIBON PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL, INC.
MAY 2023

NAME:______________________________SECTION:_______
__

INTRODUCTION

 Module Introduction
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In Geometry, two figures are congruent if they are of the same size and
shape- that is, if their corresponding angles and sides are equal.
In this module, you will learn the concepts and theorems about similar
figures.
 Module Lesson and Coverage

Lesson: TRIANGLE SIMILARITY

This module is designed for you to:

Proves the conditions for similarity of triangles.

o SAS Similarity Theorem
o SSS Similarity Theorem
o AA Similarity Theorem
o Right Triangle Similarity Theorem
o Special Right Triangle Theorems

Pre-Test

Complete the table by writing the required angle or side to make

the indicated relationship correct.
Consider that ∆ BIG ∆ PEN .
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I P E

B G N

ANGLES SIDES
<I ↔ BI ↔
<N↔ BG ↔
<G↔ GI ↔
<IBG↔ NE ↔
<PEN↔ EP ↔
<GIB↔ BG ↔
<IGP↔ EN ↔
<GBI↔ IG ↔
<P↔ BI ↔
<E↔ NP↔

SAS SIMILARITY THEOREM

By
definition, two triangles are similar if all their corresponding angles
are congruent and their corresponding sides are proportional. It is not
necessary to check all angles and sides in order to tell if two triangles are
similar. In fact, if you know only that two pairs of sides are proportional and
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their included angles are congruent, that is enough information to know that
the triangles are similar. This is called the SAS Similarity Theorem.

SAS Similarity Theorem: If two sides in one triangle are proportional to two
sides in another triangle and the included angle in both are congruent, then the
two triangles are similar.

AB AC
If = and ¿ A ≅ < X then, ∆ ABC ∆ XYZ .
XY XZ

SSS SIMILARITY THEOREM

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AA SIMILARITY THEOREM
SSS Similarity Theorem: If all three pairs of corresponding sides of two

triangles are proportional, then the two triangles are similar.

AB BC AC
If = = then, ∆ ABC ∆ XYZ .
YZ XZ XY
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AA Similarity Postulate: If two angles in one triangle are congruent to two

angles in another triangle, then the two triangles are similar.

If ¿ A ≅ < Y and¿ B ≅ < Z , then ∆ ABC ∆ XYZ .

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A right triangle has two acute angles and one 90° angle.
The two legsRIGHT
meet at aTRIANGLE SIMILARITY
90° angle, and the hypotenuse is the side opposite
the right angle and is the longest side.
THEOREM

Right Triangle Diagram

The geometric mean of two positive numbers a and b is:

a x
= and x=√ ab
x b
And the geometric mean helps us find the altitude of a right triangle!
In fact, the geometric mean, or mean proportional, appears in two critical
theorems on right triangles.
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The altitude to the hypotenuse of a right triangle separates the right

triangle into two triangles which are similar to each other and to the original
triangle..

GEOMETRIC MEAN THEOREM

In a right triangle, if the altitude drawn from the right angle to the
hypotenuse divides the hypotenuse into two segments, then the length of the
altitude is the geometric mean of the lengths of the two segments.
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Altitude Rule

Additionally, the length of each leg is the geometric mean of the

lengths of the hypotenuse and the segment of the hypotenuse that is
adjacent to the leg.

Leg Rule
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SPECIAL RIGHT TRIANGLE

THEOREM

Special right triangles are triangles whose sides are in a particular ratio,
known as Pythagorean Triples. In geometry, the Pythagorean Theorem is a
statement that shows the relationship of the sides of a right triangle.

The equation of a right triangle is given by a2 + b2 = c2, where either a or b is

the height and base of the triangle and c is the hypotenuse. Using the
Pythagorean Theorem, finding the missing side of a triangle is pretty simple
and easy.

The two special right triangles include:

 45°; 45°; 90° Triangle

 30°; 60°; 90° Triangle
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Post Test

Determine if the following triangles are similar. If so, write the

similarity theorem and statement to prove.

Solution Box

Generalization
This lesson was about Triangle Similarity. Two triangles are
similar if two pairs of angles are congruent. By definition, two triangles
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Reference
Bernal, Juvy S. and Lopez, Alexander G., Conceptual Math and Beyond
9,Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.
https://k12.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Mathematics/Geometry/07%3A_Similarity/
7.07%3A_AA_Similarity