වරලත් මානව

සම්පත්
කළමනාකරණ
පාඨමාලාව

wÈhr : udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh ms,sn| ämaf,dau mdGud,dj

ldKavh : DPHRM - U4
ieish : /lshd úYaf,aIKh (Part I)
ku / úNd. wxlh :

Y%S ,xld jr,;a msßia l<ukdlrK wdh;kh ^ixia:dms;&

www.cipmlk.org
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Unit Title Job Analysis
Level Diploma in Professional HRM
Competency HRM and Administrative Expertise
Unit Code DPHRM/S4
Unit Review Date 12th July 2021

Purpose and aim of the unit

This unit provides knowledge on job analysis as the process of collecting, analyzing, and setting out
information about jobs in order to provide the basis for preparation of Job Descriptions and Job
Specifications. The unit also provides knowledge on the overall purpose of job analysis and how it
produces information on job content and context and the outcome of job analysis. The unit also
provides knowledge on job analysis methodology.
Learning Outcomes
On the completion of this unit students will;
 Apply Job Analysis methodology and techniques
 Illustrate the link between Job Analysis, Job Description Job Specification.
 Analyze the contents and context of a Job
 Analyze the outcomes of Job Analysis and how each job should appear in the organizational
structure.

Assessment modes
 Assignment with Group Presentations based on outcomes of Job Analysis namely Job Description,
Job Specification (for a selected job position)

Guided Learning Hours

The guided learning hours for this unit would be 12 with an additional 80 hours of self-managed
learning

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bf.kqï M,

fuu tallh iïmq¾K lsÍfuka miq isik

q "a
 /lshd úYaf,aIK l%ufõo iy Ys,amh
s l%u Ndú;d lrhs¡
 /lshd úYaf,aIKh" /lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;r w;r we;s iïnkaO;d úoyd olajhs¡
 /lshd wka;r.;h iy /lshd ikao¾Nh úYaf,aIKh lrhs¡
 /lshd úYaf,aIK m%;sM, iy tla tla /lshdj" ixúOdk wdlD;sfha i|yka l, hq;af;a flfiao
hkak úYaf,aIKh lrhs¡

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Contents
01. /lshd úYaf,aIKh (Job Analysis) ............................................................................................ 5

02. /lshd úYaf,aIK l%ufõoh (Job Analysis Methodology) ..................................................... 14

List of Figures

rEmh 1. /lshd úYaf,aIKh ye¢kaùu ................................................................................................. 5

rEmh 2. /lshd úYaf,aIKfha wruqKq iy m%;sM, ........................................................................ 7
rEmh 3. /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha mshjr ...................................................................................... 9
rEmh 4. /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha mshjr .................................................................................... 14

List of Table

j.=j 1. /lshd úYaf,aIK iïuqL idlÉPd j, jdis iy wjdis ........................................................ 12

j.=j 2. /lshd úia;rh yd /lshd msßú;rh .................................................................................... 13

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01. /lshd úYaf,aIKh (Job Analysis)

/lshd úYaf,aIKh ms<sn| yeÈkaùu (Introduction to Job Analysis)

wdh;khla tys ishqï ;rÕldÍ jdish (competitive edge) ,nd .ekSu i|yd iM,odhs iy ld¾hlaIu
f,i msßia l<ukdlrKh lsÍu udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh f,i ye¢kaúh yelsh¡ by; i|yka
wruqKq idlaId;a lr .ekSu i|yd ixúOdkhg Ndú; l, yels l%h
s doduhka iy fuj,ï rdYshla
y÷kd.; yelsh¡ /lshd úYaf,aIKh (Job Analysis) tu l%h
s doduhka w;ßka tlla fõ¡ /lshd
úYaf,aIKh hkq ixúOdkhl /lshd ms<sn|j lrkq,nk l%udkql+, úu¾Ykhls¡ fuuÕska" /lshdj
ms,sn| f;dr;=re /ia lsÍu" ixúOdkh lsÍu iy jd¾;d lsÍu isÿflf¾¡ /lshd úYaf,aIKh fndfyda
udkj iïm;a ld¾hhka jk fiajl wdl¾IKh yd f;dard .ekSu" ld¾h idOk l<ukdlrKh"
bf.kqï yd l=i,;d l<ukdlrKh iy fõ;k yd m%;s,dN l<ukdlrKh i|yd b;d jeo.;a
l%h
s dj,shls¡ th /lshdfõ wka;¾.;h iy ikao¾Nh ia:dms; lsÍug WmldÍ jk w;r
/lshd,dNshdf.a pß; ,laIK yd wjYh;d ks¾jpkh lrhs¡

fiajl wdl¾IKh iy
f;dard .ekSu (Recruitment
& Selection)

ld¾h idOk
we.hSu
ffk;sl (Performance
wkql=,;dj iy
Evaluation)
fiajl in|;d
(Legal
Compliance & /lshd
employee úYaf,aIKh (Job
Relations) Analysis)

fõ;k iy
m%;s,dN
fi!LH iy (Compensation &
wdrlaIdj (Health Benefits)
& Safety)
mqyqKqj iy
ixj¾Okh
(Training &
Development)

rEmh 1. /lshd úYaf,aIKh ye¢kaùu

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/lshd úYaf,aIKh hkq l=ulao@ (What is Job Analysis)

lsishï /lshdjl ld¾hhka" hq;=lï/ rdcldÍ iy j.lSï y÷kd.ekSfï l%h

s dj,sh fukau" /lshd
NQñldj ukd f,i bgqlsÍu i|yd iqÿiq mqoa.,hdg wjYH oekqu" l=i,;d" w;aoelSï uÜgu iy
iqÿiqlï ;yjqre ;yjqre lsÍfï l%h
s dj,sh f,i /lshd úYaf,aIKh ye¢kaúh yel¡ th /lshdjl
,laIK yd kshñ; p¾hdjka ms<sn|j;a tu /lshdj id¾:l f,i bgq lsÍug wjYH fiajdodhlhd
i;=úh hq;= .=Kdx. ke;fyd;a iqÿiqlï ms<sn|j;a lrkq ,nk l%udkql=, úYaf,aIKhls¡

 ld¾hh (Task) - rdcldßfha uQ,sl wx.hka jk w;r rdcldßh bgq lsÍu i|yd wjYH mshjrhka
 rdcldßh (Duty) - /lshdjl ie,lsh hq;= ld¾hhla isÿ lsÍu i|yd taldnoaO jk ;j;a tla
ld¾hhla fyda ld¾hhka lsym
s hla
 j.lSu (responsibility) - /lshdfõ wruqKq fyda tu /lshdfõ meje;aug fya;=j úia;r lrk
rdcldß tlla fyda lsym
s hla¡
 oekqu (Knowledge) - /lshdjg wod< lreKq" uQ,O¾u iy Ndú;hka
 l=i,;d (Skills) - oekqu fhoùfï yelshdj iy ld¾hhka iïuQ¾K lsÍug oekqu Ndú; lsÍfï
yelshdj¡

/lshd úYaf,aIKfha w¾: oelaùu (Definition of Job Analysis)

/lshd úYaf,aIKh hkq iudful ;k;=re j, rdcldß ;SrKh lrkajkdjQ l%shd mámdáh fukau"
Tjqkaj ;u wdh;kh fj; n|jd .kakd fiajlhskf
a .a pß; ,laIK ;SrKh lrkakdjQ mámdáh fõ

(Dessler,2005)
Definition of Job Analysis
“Job analysis is the procedure through which you determine the duties of the company’s positions and
the characteristics of the people to hire to them”. (Dessler, 2005)

/lshd úYaf,aIKfha wruqKq iy m%;sM, (Objective and Outcomes of Job Analysis)

/lshd úYaf,aIKh ;=<skaj wmg /lshdfõ jeo.;a wx." ixúOdkfha wfkl=;a /lshd
iuÕ we;s iïnkaO;d iy /lshd orkakdf.a ,laIK fidhd .ekSug yels jkq we;¡
/lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha m%Odk fldgia fol jkafka /lshd úia;rh (Job Description)
iy /lshd msßú;rhs (Job Specification).

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/lshd úYaf,aIKh
(Lob Analysis)

/lshdfõ wka;¾.;h iy ikao¾Nh (Content and the context of the job)

 fiajlhd isÿlrkafka l=ulao@
 th isÿ lrkafka flfiao@
 th isÿ lrkafka wehs@
 fN!;sl b,a,Sï" mßirh iy fiajd fldkafoais

/lshd ,dNshdf.a ,laIK iy wjYH;d

/lshdj bgq lsÍug wjYH foa-oekqu" l=i,;d iy ksmqK;d iy wOHdmk
iqÿiqlï /lshd úYaf,aIKh

/lshd úia;rh /lshd msßú;r

(Job Description) (Job Specification)

rEmh 2. /lshd úYaf,aIKfha wruqKq iy m%;sM,

/lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha iy /lshd úYaf,aIK f;dr;=re Ndú;fha jdis

(Adavantages of Job Analysis and use of Jon Analysis Information)

/lshd úYaf,aIKfha m%;sM, iy /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha§ /ia lr.kakd f;dr;=re

ish¿u udkj iïm;a ld¾hhka i|yd WmldÍfõ¡

1. fiajl wdl¾IKh yd f;dard.ekSu (Recruitment & Selection) - ksjerÈ /lshdjla

;ekSug m%fhdackj;a fõ¡ fuys§ /lshd ,dNshdf.a iqÿiqlï ksÍlaIKh lrk w;r
iM,odhs fiajl wdl¾IK Wmdh ud¾. ia:dms; lrhs¡

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iïuqL mÍlaIljrhdg ksjerÈ wfmalaIlhd f;dard .ekS u i|yd ksis wj,fndaOhla

,nd §u i|yd úIh m:h" rdcldß" fiajd ;;ajh" wjYH iqÿiqlï$ m<mqreoao iy
ksmqK;d uÜgï jeks /lshd úYaf,aIKhka yryd /ialr .kak f;dr;=re WmldÍ
fõ¡ ksis fiajl wdl¾IKh l%u" iïuqL mÍlaIK we.hSï" ld, kshuhka hkdÈh we;=¿j
jeä ÈhqKq l< fiajl wdl¾IKh l%fudamdhka i|yd o fuys§ myiqlï imhhs¡

2. ld¾hM, we.hSï (Performance Evaluations) - ld¾h idOk we.hSï isÿlsÍu i|yd u.

fmkaùula fuys§ isÿ fõ¡

ld¾h idOk we.hSï ;=,ska /lshd úYaf,aIKhka Ndú;fhka wkqrEmKh (Mapped) lr we;s /lshd
ld¾hhka iy j.lSïj, wjYH ld¾h idOkhg idfmalaIj j¾;udk ld¾h idOk uÜgï .Kkh
lrkq ,efí¡

3. bf.kqï yd l=i,;d ixj¾Okh (Learning & Talent Development)- fuu.sk"a /lshd

,dNshdf.a ksmqK;d y÷kd.ekSug myiqlï imhk w;r bf.kqï yd ixj¾Ok l%shdj,shgo
iydh fõ¡

;SrKd;aul m%;sM, iy ld¾hhka y÷kd.;a miq" ta ta ld¾hhka bgq lsÍu i|yd wjYH jk
ksmqK;djhka fudkjdoehs wmg Wlyd .; yelsh¡ tfiau" j¾;udk l=i,;d yd ksmqK;d uÜgu
wkqrEmKh lsÍu ;=,ska mqoa.,fhl=f.a mqyqKq wjYH;d ;lafiare l, yelsh¡

4. fõ;k iy m%;s,dN (Cmpensation and Benefits)

fhda.H iy idOdrK jegqma jHqyhla ks¾udKh lsÍfï§ lrkq ,nkakdjQ /lshd we.hsfuys,d /lshd
úia;r f;dr;=re wjYH fõ¡ /lshd úYaf,aIKh uÕska jegqma yd fjk;a m%;s,dN ;SrKh lsÍfï
uq,sl idOl jk /lshd ldKavh" Oqrdj,sh" fiajd ;;ajhka iy wjYH wOHdmk uÜgu$ iqÿiqlï
ks¾jpkh lrhs¡ tneúka /lshdúYaf,aIKfha w.%M,h" ksYaÑ; /lshdjla fyda /lshd lKavhla
i|yd iqÿiq fõ;k moaO;shla iy m%;s,dN fhdackd l%u ;SrKh lsÍug u. mdohs¡

5. kS;suh wkql=,d;dj iy /lshd iïnkaO;d (Legal Compliance and Employment Relations)

/lshd j¾.SlrKh iy fjk;a f;dr;=re /lshd j¾.SlrKh ;=,ska úYaf,YKh ;=,ska ckkh
lrkjd fukau" fuh iQug fiajl in|;djhla iy kS;Suh wkQl+,;djh mj;ajf.k hdug o
iydh fõ¡

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6. fi!LHh iy wdrlaIdj (Health & Safety)

/lshd mßirh iy fiajd fldkafoais u; /ia l, f;dr;=re fi!LHh iy wdrlaIl wjYH;d
l<ukdlrKhg iyh fõ¡ tfukau, fiajdodhlhsf.a wdrlaIdjg iy fi!LHhg wys;lr f,i
n,mE yels úúO Wjÿre yÿk.ekSug fuu f;dr;=re fhdod .; yelsh¡

/lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha mshjr (Steps in Job Analysis Process)

/lshd úYaf,aIKhla isÿ lrk wdldrh mshjr 6lska my; mßÈ úia;r l< yelsh¡

mshjr - 1 /lshd úYaf,aIKhla ioyd ie,iqï lsÍu iy iqodkï ùu (Plan and prepare
for the job analysis)

mshjr - 2 /lshdfõ miqìï f;dr;=re iudf,dapkh lsÍu (Review background

information about the job)

mshjr - 3 ksfhdað; ksheÈ f;dard .ekSu (Select respective position)

mshjr - 4 /lshd úYaf,aIKh lsÍu (Analyze the job)

mshjr - 5 ld¾h lrkq ,nk fiajlhd iy Tyqf.a wêlaIlhd iuÕ f;dr;=re i;Hdmkh
lr .ekSu (Verify information with the employee who is performing the job and his
supervisor)

mshjr - 6 /lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;r ieliSu (Develop the job description and
job specification)

rEmh 3. /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha mshjr

^/lshd úYaf,aIK l%ufõoh - fuu mshjrhka " 2 jk ieish hgf;a úia;rd;aulj idlÉPd lrkq
we;¡&

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/lshd úYaf,aIK iïuqL idlÉPd (Job Analysis Interviews)

my; ,ehsi;
a = .; lr we;s mßÈ /lshd úYaf,aIKh i|yd o;a; tla/ia lsÍfï l%u lsym
s hla
;sfí¡

1. iïuqL idlÉPd (Interviews) - /lshd ,dNshd iuÕ /lshd úYaf,aIhl uqyqKg uqyqK,d lrk
idlÉPdj fõ¡ iïuqL mÍlaIl úiska /lshd LKavfhka (Job Family) f;dard.;a idïm,hla
i|yd iïuqL mÍlaIK isÿ lrhs¡
2. ksÍlaIKh (Observation) - mqoa.,fhl= fyda lKavdhula" oekg isÿ lrk /lshdj ienúkau
bgq lrk nj ksÍlaIKh lr /lshdfõ jeo.;a lreKq igyka lrhs¡
3. Èkfmd;$ ,>q igyka (Diaries/Logs) - ffoksl mokula u; igyka fmd;l /lshdj
orkakdg ish rdcldÍ" j.lSï iy wfkl=;a /lshd ,laIK jd¾;d.; lrk f,i kshu flf¾¡
tla tla rdcldßh isÿjk jdr .Kk yd Bg .;jk ld,h jd¾;d lrk f,io kshu l, yel¡
4. m%Yakdj,sh (Questionnaires) - rdcldÍka"hq;=lï iy yelshdjka u; ilia l, m%Yak
ud,djla$ m%Yakdj,shla ilia lr th msrùu msKsi wod< fiajdodhlhkag ,nd fohs¡
5. bf,lafg%dksl /lshd úYaf,aIK l%u$ fjí mdol yryd m%Yakdj,s (Electronic job analysis
methods/ Web-based Questionnaires)

f;dr;=re tla/ia lsÍfuys,d /lshd úYaf,aIK iïuqL idlÉPd m%Odk ld¾hNdrhla bgq lrkq
,nhs¡ fuh jHqyd;aul iïuqL idlaÉPd (Structured Interviews) fukau jHqy.; fkdjk iïuqL
idlÉPd (Unstructured Interviews) f,i fldgia folls¡ tu.ska /lshd ,dNshdg ;u /lshdfõ
ld¾hhka" hq;=lï iy wNsfhda. úia;r lsÍug iy ksÍlaIKh l< fkdyels ld¾hhka myeÈ,s
lsÍu i|yd myiqlï imhhs¡ tfiau " f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSfï§" /lshd kshqla;slhd we;eï /lshd
ld¾hhka w;sfYdala;shg (exaggerate) kexùug fyda u.yer oelaùug bv we;s neúka iïuqL
mÍlaIljrhd ta flfrys wjOdkfhka miqúh hq;=h¡ iïuqL idlÉPd talmqo.
a , fukau lKavdhï
jYfhkao meje;aúh yelsh¡

/lshd úYaf,aIKh i|yd f;dard.;a ld¾hNdrhka bgq lrk wdldrh ms,sn|j /lshd,dNska iuÕ
tal mqo.
a , iïuqL idlÉPd meje;aúh yelsh¡ iudk fyda wkkH jev NQñldjka bgq lrk fiajlhska
/ila we;súg lKavdhï iïuqL idlÉPd l%uh Ndú;d flf¾¡ iEu úgu wëlaIl tu lKavdhug
we;=,;a lr iïuqL mÍlaIK meje;aùu ;=<ska jvd;a fyd| m%;sM, ,nd .; yelsh¡

;jo" jHqy.; yd jHqy.; fkdjk f,i iïuqL idlÉPd j¾.SlrKh l, yelsh¡ fuu ´kEu

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wjia:djl§ iïuqL mÍlaIlhd úiska iïuqL mÍlaIKhg Ndckh jk fiajlhdg" mÍlaIKfha

wruqK"q m%;sM, iy wjOdkh ms,sn| mq¾j oekqj;a lsÍula isÿ l, hq;=h¡

iïuqL idlÉPd mj;ajk w;r;=r§ ijka §u iy ksis igyka ,nd .ekSu jeo.;a ld¾hhls¡ fuu
iïuqL idlÉPd j,§" f;dr;=re wefik iy f;areï .kak njg iy;sl ùu ;=,ska ksis f;dr;=re
m%jdyhla ckkh lsÍu i|yd m%Yak weiSug iïuqL mÍlaIlg /lshd ,dNshd iuÕ iïnkaO;djhla
we;slr .; hq;=h¡
tfiau" /lshd ,dNshd úiska ,nd fok f;dr;=re j,g ijka §u " meyeÈ,s lÍu" .eUqßka is;
ne,Su ^wdj¾ckh& lsÍu iy idrdxY lsÍu u.ska /lshdfõ ish¨u wxY ms,sn| f;dr;=re /ia
lrhs¡

jHqy.; fkdjk iïuqL idlÉPd (Unstructured Interviews)

fuhska woyia lrkqfha" /lshd NQñldj ms,sn| f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu b,lal lr.;a ixjdohls¡
iïuqL mÍlaIl úiska fiajlhdf.a /lshd Nqñldj .fõIKh lsÍu i|yd m%Yak Ndú; lrkq we;¡
, Tfí /lshdj .ek meyeÈ,s lrkak@ Tnf.a jev lrk Èkhka ;=, Tn ld¾hh fudkjdo@ jeks
m%Yak iïuqL mÍlaIl úiska fuys§ Ndú;d lrkq we;¡

jHqy.; iïuqL idlÉPd (Structured Interviews)

jHqyd;aul iïuqL idlÉPd j,§ mÍlaIlg wjYH f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu wruqKq lr.;a ksYaÑ;
m%Yak wvx.= fõ¡ fndfyda úYaf,aIlhska iy l<ukdlrejka ;u iïuqL mÍlaIK i|yd
m%Yakdj,shla Ndú;d lrhs¡

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/lshd úYaf,aIK iïuqL idlÉPd j, jdis iy wjdis (Advantages and Disadvantages of Job
Analysis interviews)

j.=j 1. /lshd úYaf,aIK iïuqL idlÉPd j, jdis iy wjdis

jdis wjdis

 f;dr;=re /ia lsÍfï ir, yd blauka
l%uh ùu¡
 /lshdj ms,sn| iúia;rd;aul f;dr;=re
tla/ia lsÍula l, yels w;r th
ksÍlaIKh l, fkdyels ld¾hhka
úia;r lsÍug /lshd ,dNshdg bv ,nd
fohs¡
 /lshd ms,sn| iDcqju ,efnk f;dr;=re
iy jd¾;d lsÍfï Oqrdj,sh$ wkqms,sfj,
(reporting hierarchies) iïnkaO f;dr;=re
imhhs¡
 f;dr;=re úlD;s lsÍu isÿ fõ¡
 iïuqL mÍlaIKhg ndOd ùï isÿùu
yd wjOdkh ì£u¡
 iïuqL mÍlaIlf.a is;=ú,s l%h
s dj,sh
u; mokïj l%h
s dlsÍu iy mqoa.,sl
mlaI.%dys;ajh¡
 /lshd ,dNshd úiska ld¾hhka iy
rdcldß w;sfYdala;shg kxjdoelaùu
fyda ys;du; jika l, yelsh¡

/lshd iy /lshd NQñldjka (Jobs & Job Roles)

/lshd (Jobs)
/lshdjla hkq wfmalaIs; m%;sM, (Expected Outcome) ,nd .ekSu i|yd ld¾hhka" rdcldß iy
l%h
s dldrlï iuqyhlska iukaú; jqjls¡ idudkH ld¾hhka yd iudk mqyqKqjla" l=i,;d" oekqu iy
úfYaI oekqu wjYH jk /lshd iuqyhla, /lshd mjq,la/ /lshd LKavhla (Job family) f,i
ye¢kaúh yel¡ úYd, /lshd mjq,la ;=, úfYaIs; ld¾hhka isÿ lrk l=vd lKavdhïo we;¡

/lshd NQñldjka (Job Roles)

/lshd NQñld hkafkka woyia lrkafka wod< ld¾hhka bgq lsÍu i|yd mqoa.,fhl= úiska ksremKh
l< hq;= yeisÍï iuqyhla iy ksYaÑ; b,lal lrd <Õd ùug Tjqkf
a .a oekqu" l=i,;d iy ksmqK;d
Ndú;d lrk wdldrhhs¡

wfkla w;g" /lshd NQñldj hkq mqoa.,fhl=g fyda lKavdhulg ,nd § we;s ld¾hhka" j.lSï
iy j.ùï (accountabilities) iuqyhls¡ ixúOdkhla ;=, tla mqoa.,fhl=g fyda lKavdhulg úúO
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NQñldjka ;sìh yelsh¡

Wod :- fiajlhska mqyqKq lsÍfï úOdhlf.a (Training Executive) iy iqNidOk úOdhlf.a (Welfare
Executive) ld¾hNdrh ;ks mqoa.,fhl= úiska isÿ l, yelsh¡

/lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;r (Job Description and Job Specification)

/lshd úYaf,aIK o;a; Ndú;d lrñka" /lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;rhka j¾Okh l,
yelsh¡

/lshd úia;rh (Job Description) - /lshd úia;rh hkq /lshdfõ hq;=lï" j.lSï yd jevlsÍfï
;;ajhka úia;r lrk f,aLkhls¡

/lshd msßú;r (Job Specification) - iM,j;a iy ld¾hlaIu;a f,i /lshdjla bgq lsÍu i|yd
wjYH jkakd jQ fiajlhd ;=, ;sìh hq;= mqoa.,sl .=Kdx." olaI;d iy .;s ,laIK we;=,;a
f,aLkh /lshd msßú;r f,i i|yka l, yelsh
j.=j 2. /lshd úia;rh yd /lshd msßú;rh

/lshd úia;rh (Job Description) /lshd msßú;rh (Job Specification)

/lshd úia;rh hkq fiajlhd l=ula wod, ld¾hh id¾:lj bgq lsÍug wjYH oekqu"
lrkafkao" Tyq th lrkafka flfiao@ iy olaI;d iy ksmqK;d fuys i|yka fõ¡ /lshd

fiajd ;;ajhka wvx.= m%ldYkhls¡ /lshd msßú;rfhys my; oE wvx.= fõ¡

úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha jeo.;au m%;sM,h fuh  wju iqÿiqlï yd iy;sl lsÍï

fõ¡ /lshd úia;rfhys my; oE wvx.= fõ¡  wjYH olaI;d yd ksmqK;d

 /lshd kduh $ /lshd mka;sh$fYa%Ksh  wju m<mqreoao

 /lshdfõ wruqKq yd úIh m:h

 jd¾;d lsÍfï Oqrdj,sh

 jev lsÍfï ;;ajh

 j.lSï iy m%Ok ld¾hhka

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02. /lshd úYaf,aIK l%ufõoh (Job Analysis Methodology)

/lshdfõ wka;¾.;h iy ikao¾Nh ia;dms; lsÍu iy /lshd,dNshf.a ,laIK wjYH;d

ks¾jpkh lrkq ,nkafka /lshd úYaf,aIK l%h
s dj,sh u.sks fuu mßÉfþoh ;=,ska /lshd
úYaf,aIKhla isÿ lsÍfï l%h
s dj,sh úia;rd;aulj úia;r flf¾.

/lshd úYaf,aIKhla isÿ lsÍu (Conducting a Job Analysis)

/lshd úYaf,aIKhla isÿ lsÍfï§ wkq.ukh l, yels mshjr yhla ;sfí

mshjr - 1 /lshd úYaf,aIKhla ioyd ie,iqï lsÍu iy iqodkï ùu (Plan and prepare
for the job analysis)

mshjr - 2 /lshdfõ miqìï f;dr;=re iudf,dapkh lsÍu (Review background

information about the job)

mshjr - 3 ksfhdað; ksheÈ f;dard .ekSu (Select respective position)

mshjr - 4 /lshd úYaf,aIKh lsÍu (Analyze the job)

mshjr - 5 ld¾h lrkq ,nk fiajlhd iy Tyqf.a wêlaIlhd iuÕ f;dr;=re i;Hdmkh
lr .ekSu (Verify information with the employee who is performing the job and his
supervisor)

mshjr - 6 /lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;r ieliSu (Develop the job description and
job specification)

rEmh 4. /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha mshjr

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/lshd úYaf,aIKh ioyd ie,iqï iqodkï lsÍu (Plan and Prepare for the Job Analysis)

/lshd úYaf,aIKh ioyd ie,iqï lsÍfï§ i,ld ne,sh hq;= idOl lsym
s hla ;sfí¡tajd kï"

 /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,sfha wruqKq

 ixúOdkfha jHqyh
 Oqrdj,sh
 /lshd iajNdjh
 ixúOdkfha fjkiaùu yeisrùug wjYHjk m%Odk udkj iïm;a ld¾hh
 j;auka fj<om, m%jK;d
 ksmqK;d ixj¾Okh
 fiajh yer hdfï wkqmd; (attrition rates) l<ukdlrKh hk wdÈh fõ¡

/lshd úYa,I
a K l%h
s dj,sh ioyd Ndú;d l< hq;= Ys,aml%u iy l%ufõohka iy /lshd ms<sno
f;dr;=re ,nd .kafka flfiao hkak ;SrKh lsÍu fufy§ l, hq;=h.

ish¿u o;a; tla/ia lsÍfï l%ufõohka /lshd iïnkaO f;dr;=re tla/ia lsÍu flfrys wjOdkh
fhduq lr we;s kuq;a tu l%ufõo iïñY%Kh lsÍu ;=<ska ie.jqKq yd fkdi,ld yßk ,o f;dr;=re
o fy<sorõ lr .ekSug bv i,id we;¡

ixúOdkfha wjYH;d u; o;a; tla/ia lsÍfï l%u tlla fyda jeä .kKla f;dard .ekSu rod
mj;S. tkï iïuqL idlÉPd u.ska úYaf,aIlhdg /lshd úia;r iy /lshd msßú;rhka ioyd
f;dr;=re /ia lsÍug yels ùu iy ;k;=re úYaf,aIK m%Yakdj,sh (Position analysis questionnaire)
jeks Ys,amh
S l%u u.ska /lshd we.hSï iy ikafõ;k l<ukdlrKh ioyd ixLHd;aul fYa%Ks
.;lsÍu (numerical ratings) úYd, odhl;ajhla iemhSuhs¡ ie,iqï lsÍfï§ wÈhf¾§" jdis iy
wjdis úYaf,aIKh l< hq;= w;r jvd;a úYsIaG m%:sm, ,nd .ekSu wjYH m%;súreoaO mshjr (counter
measures) isÿl, hq;=h¡ ;jo" /lshd úia;r$ /lshd msßú;r fukau /lshd fYa%Ks.; lsÍu isÿ
lsÍfï§ f;dr;=re ,nd .kafka flfiao hkak ie,iqï lsÍu fuys§ l, hq;=h¡

/lshdfõ miqìï f;dr;=re iudf,dapkh lsÍu (Review Background Information about the Job)
/lshdfõ ikao¾Nh wjfndaO lr .ekSu i|yd /lshdfõ úYaf,aIKhla isÿlsÍfï§ /lshdjl
miqìï f;dr;=re wOHkh lsÍu jeo.;a fõ.

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miqìï f;dr;=re f,i ioyka l< yels uq,dY% f,aLk fukau jd¾;d o mj;S
1. wdh;ksl ie,eiau (Organizational Chart) - fuu.sk"a /lshdfõ fn§hdu yd wka;¾
iïnkaO;d uÜgï ys o< igykla fmkakï
q lrhs¡
2. l%h
s dj,s m%ia;dr (Process Charts) - lsih
s ï /lshdjl wdrïNfha isg wjidkh olajd jev
m%jdyh fmkakï
q lrhs¡
3. ld¾h m%jdy úYaf,aIKh (Workflow analysis) - tla /lshdjl isg ;j;a /lshdjlg jev
l%h
s dj,sh iïnkaO lsÍu ms<sno iúia;rd;aulj wOHkh¡
4. jd¾;d u; (Records on)
 /lshd iqfmdaIKh (Job enrichment)
^j.lSu w;aú§fï wjia:d"m%.;sh iy ch.%yKh w;aú§fï wjia:d jeä lrhs &
 /lshd úia;drKh (Job enlargement)
^/lshd rdcldÍ yd j.lSï mrdih mq¿,a lsÍu ;=<ska /lshdfjys úIh m:h mq¿,a lsÍu
isÿfõ¡fuys§" mj;sk /lshdjg úúO l%shdldrlï taldnoO lsÍula isÿ fõ¡
 /lshd N%uKh (Job rotation)
^fiajlhska l%udkql=,j tla /lshdjla ;j;a /lshdjlg udre lsÍu&

ksfhdað;hka /lshd yÿkd .ekSu¡ (Select Representative Positions)

tl iudk /lshd fndfyduhla úYaf,aIK l< hq;= úg§ Bg ie,lshhq;= ld,hla .;jk ksid tla
/lshdjla$;k;=rla f;dard.ksñka iudk /lshd ioyd fhdod.; yel¡

/lshdj úYaf,aIKh lsÍu (Analyze the Job)

fuu mshjf¾§" wms /lshd f;dr;=re /ia lr úYaf,aIKh" h,s i,ldne,Sfuka wk;=rej idrdxY
.; lsÍu isÿlrhs¡ fndfyda úg wm /lshd úYaf,aIKh ioyd /lshd,dNSkaf.ka¡ Tjqkaf.a
iqmÍlaIlkaf.ka fukau" lafIa;%fha m<mqreÿ mqoa.,hskaf.a yd fjk;a uq,dY% f,aLk ;=<ska o woyia
,nd .ekSu isÿlrhs¡

/lshd úYaf,aIK f;dr;=re (Job Analysis Information)

/lshd ms<snoj f;dr;=re tla/ia lsÍfï§ wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= lafIa;%h my;ska olajd we;¡

/lshd wka;¾.;h (Job Content)

/lshd úYaf,aIl úiska /ial< hq;=" ksYaÑ; /lshdjl úúO ld¾hhka yd l%h
s dldrlï ms<sno
f;dr;=re fuys wvx.= fõ¡ tu wod< /lshdfõ wfmalaIs; m%;sM," /lshd,dNshdf.a rdcldßka" bgq
l< hq;= hq;=lï iy j.lSï" /lshdjg wjYH hka;%$ fuj,ï" wjYH oekqu $ l=i,;d jeks
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f;dr;=re /lshd úYaf,aIl úiska /ia l, hq;= h¡

/lshd ikao¾Nh (Job Context)
hï mqoa.,fhla wod< /lshdjl isÿ lrk ;;ajhka iy wjia:djka /lshd ikao¾Nh hgf;a fidhd
n,k w;r" fiajd ;;aj" mßirh" wjodkï"jd¾;dlrK Oqrdj,sh" tu /lshdj ioyd ;sìh hq;=
YdÍßl $ udkisl wjYH;d ms<sno f;dr;=re wm úiska /ia l, hq;=h¡

/lshd wjYH;d (Job Requirement)

úfYaI;
s /lshd,dNshd i;=j ;sìh hq;= uq,sl fukau úfYaI;
s wjYH;d óg we;=<;a fõ¡ wOHdmk
iqÿiqlï" oekqu" l=i,;d" mqoa.,sl yelshdjka iy ,laIK ms<sno f;dr;=re fï hgf;a /ia flf¾¡

/lshd úYaf,aIK l%u - /lshd ms<sno f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu (Job Analysis Methods – Obtaining
Information About Jobs)
ie,iqï lsÍfï wÈhfrys ;SrKh lr.;a mßÈ" f;dr;=re /ia lsÍu ioyd wmg l%uhla fyda
l%ufõohkaf.a tl;=jla f;dard .; yelsh¡ jeämqru jYfhka Ndú;d lrk l%u my; mßÈ fõ¡
 iïuqL idlÉPd (Interviews)
 m%Yakdj,sh (Questionnaires)
 ksÍlaIKh (Observation)
 iyNd.sjkakf.a Èk fmd; $ f,d.h (Participant Diary/ Log)
 bf,lafg%dksl /lshd úYaf,aIK l%u $ fjí mdol m%Yakdj,sh (Electronic job analysis
methods/ Web-based questionnaires)

wdh;ksl m%i:
a dr" l%h
s dj,s m%ia:dr" ld¾h m%jdy úYaf,aIKh jeks “miqìï
iudf,dapk”(Background Review) wjêfha /ia lrk ,o f;dr;=re" Wmldrl f;dr;=re f,i
Ndú;d lrkq we;¡

iïuqL idlÉPd (Interviews)

jHqyd;aul yd jHqyd;aul fkdjk iïuqL idlÉPd f,i fuh isÿ l, yels w;r" th /lshd,dNshd
fukau" iudk /lshd lrk /lshd lKavdhula w;r iy wod< /lshd,Nshkaf.a$ iqmÍlaIljreka
iu. iïuqL idlÉPd meje;aùu o isÿl< yels fõ¡ Tjqka ld¾hh bgq lrk wdldrh" thg mejÍ
we;s ld¾hhka$ hq;=lï" úfYaI;
s l=i,;d iy ksmqK;d iy /lshdfõ fiajd fldkafoais ms,snoj
f;dr;=re /ia lsÍu fuys mrud¾:hhs¡

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jHQy.; iïuqL idlÉPd jHQy.; fkdjk iïuqL idlÉPd

ksYaÑ; wdlD;shla Ndú;fhka úfYaI;

s yd iqodkï l< m%Yk
a ud,djla fkdue;s ixjdohla
flá m%Yak Ndú;fhka f;dr;=re ,nd jk kuq;a /lshd භූñld .fõIKh lsÍu iy
.ekSu b,lal lrkq ,nhs¡ f;dr;=re /ia lsÍu isÿlrhs

fuu l%uh iïuqL mÍlaIljrhdg fiajlhdf.a /lshdj yd ta ioyd jk j.lSï ms,snoj

wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug myiqlï imhhs¡ fuys§ Ndú;d lrk m%Yakh ms,snoj jeä wjOdkhla
,nd Èh hq;= w;r" tlu /lshd ld¾hNdrhla bgq lrk /lshd,dNSka jeä m%udKhla isà kï
m%;spdr ixÑ;hla (poolof responses) ,nd .ekSu jvd hym;a fõ¡

/lshd,dNSka iu. iïuqL idlÉPd meje;aùu (Interviewing Job Holders)

/lshd,dNSka iu. iïuqL idlÉPd lsÍfï§" iïuqL mÍlaIKhg Ndckh jk /lshd ,dNshd
(Interviewee) iu. iqyo;djhla we;s lr .ksñka iïuqL mÍlaIKfha wruqKq oekqï § iïuqL
mÍlaIKh ioyd Tyq f;dard.kq ,enqfõ ukaoehs meyeÈ,s lsÍu l,hq;=h¡

jHqy.; ud¾f.damfoaYhka Ndú;d lrñka iïuqL idlÉPdjla meje;aùu fyda /lshdj ms,sno
f;dr;=re .fõIKh lsÍu l< yelsh¡

iïuqL mÍlaIK m%Yk

a ;=,ska my; ioyka oE wdjrKh l< yelsh¡

1) Tn bgq lrk /lshd NQñldj l=ulao¡¡@

2) Tfí /lshdfõ m%Odk rdcldÍka fudkjdo¡¡@
3) Tfí j.lSu iy j.ùï fudkjdo¡@
4) tu rdcldÍ bgq lsÍu ioyd Tn lrk ld¾hhka yd l%h
s dldrlï fudkjdo¡¡@
5) tu ld¾hhka ioyd fhdod.kakd id¾:l ks¾kdhl (Success criteria) fudkjdo¡¡@
6) Tn iDcq f,i jd¾;d (direct reporting) lrkqfha ldgo@ jl% f,i jd¾;d (indirect reporting)
lsÍï ;sfío@
7) Tng jd¾;d lrk fiajlhska isào¡¡@
8) Tnf.a tÈfkod jev lghq;=j,§ Tn iu. lghq;= lrk wNHka;r$ ndysr m%Njhka$ md¾Yj
fudkjdo¡¡@
9) Tnf.a fiajd ia:dk fudkjdo¡¡@

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10) Tnf.a /lshd NQñldj yd iïnkaO mdßißl yd fiajd fldkafoais fudkjdo¡¡@

11) Tn lsih
s ï Wmo%jhlg fyda widudkH fiajd ;;a;ajhg ksrdjrKh ù ;sfío¡¡@
12) Tnf.a ld¾hh bgq lsÍfï§ Tn mqoa.,sl wdrlaIK WmlrK (Personal protection equipments)
Ndú;d lrkjdo¡¡@

 iïuqL mÍlaIl úiska rdcldßfha b;d jeo.;a wxY iy ;SrKd;aul m%;sM, yÿkdf.k
;SrKd;aul kuq;a l,d;=rlska isÿlrk l%h
s dldrlï wdjrKh lrwe;s njg iy;sl jkak¡
 wik ,o m%Yak j,ska /lshdfõ lsih
s ï fldgila wdjrKh fkdjkafkao hkak ieuúgu
/lshd,dNShd iu. fojrla mßlaId lrkak¡
 isÿùfï jeo.;alu iy jdr .Kk wkqj rdcldÍ ,ehsi;
a =.; lsÍug /lshd,Nshd iïnkaO
lr .kak

m%Yakdj,sh (Questionnaires)

/lshd f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu ioyd fiajlhskg

a Tjqkaf.a /lshd rdcldÍ" j.lSï iy j.ùu úia;r
lrk m%Yakdj,ska msßùug wm wjia:dj ,nd fokafkuq" fuh úYd, fiajlhska msßilf.ka
f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSfï blauka yd ld¾hlaIu l%uhls¡ iïuqL mÍlaIK meje;aùu iuÕ idfmalaIj
.;a l, m%Yakdj,s i|yd wvq úhoula iy wvq ld,hla .; fõ¡ flfia fj;;a" ksis f,i fm<.iajd
we;s m%Yakdj,ska ixj¾Okh lsÍu yd mßlaId lsÍu ld,h .;jk ld¾hhla úh yelsh¡

my; olajd we;s mßÈ" wm Ndú;d lrk m%Yakdj,s j¾. lsysmhla ;sfí.
 jHqy.; msßlaiï
q ,ehsia;= iys; m%Yakdj,sh (Questionnaires with Structured) - tla tla ld¾hh
bgq lrkafkao iy ta i|yd fldmuK ld,hla jh lrkafkao hkak oelaùug" ld¾hh
,ehsi;
a =jla fyda f,aLkhla fiajlhdg ,nd fokq we;¡
 “ Tfí /lshd NQñldj meyeÈ,s ” $” Tfí /lshdfõ m%Odk rdcldÍ úia;r lrkak ‘’ jeks
újD; m%Yak yryd f;dr;=re /ia lrk m%Yakdj,sh. (explain your job role/ describe the major
duties of your job”)

/lshdj ms,sn| úfYaIs;" ksjerÈ iy wod< f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu b,lal lr .; újD; m%Yak
iy jHqyd;aul m%Yak j, tl;=jla ,nd §u m%Yakdj,s ieliSfï úYsIaG Ndú;h f,i oelaúh
yelsh¡

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ksÍlaIKh (Observation)

fuu l%ufha§ /lshd úYaf,aIl úiska fiajlhd Rcqju ksÍlaIKh lrkq ,nhs tl,ia lsÍfï
fiajlfhla (assemply line worker) jeks /lshd,dNshl=f.a YdÍßl l%h
s dldrlï ksÍlaIKh lsÍu
ioyd Rcq ksÍlaIK m%fhdackj;a fõ¡ tfia jqjo b;d wêl jYfhka uki Ndú;d lrñka lrk
/lshdjkays kshef,k fiajlhkaf.a /lshd úYaf,aIK f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu i|yd ksÍlaIK
l%ufõoh fhda.H fkdfõ¡

Wod; ks¾udKlre (Designer), uDÿldx. bxðfkarejka (Software engineers)

ksÍlaIlhd úiska ld¾hhla iïmq¾Kfhka wjidk jk;=re /lshd,dNshd ksÍlaIKh l< hq;= w;r
ish¨ l%h
s dldrlï ms<sno igyka .; hq;=h tfiau" ld,h iy p,khka o i,l=Kq l, yelsh¡
wjidkfha§" ksÍlaIKh lrk ,o ld¾hhka iy ld, iSudj ;=< ksÍlaIKh fkdl< fjk;a jev
ms,snoj meyeÈ,s lsÍï" wjYH mßÈ /lshd ysñhdf.ka iy wëlaIKfhka ,nd .; hq;=h¡

ksÍlaIK l%ufha hï hï wNsfhda. o olakg ,efí¡ ukao hful= tajd ksÍlaIKh lrk nj oek
úg lïlrejka Tjqkf
a .a jev lrk wdldrh fjkia lsÍug fm<fò tfiau fiajlhd boysg hï hï
l%h
s dldrlïj, fhfok úg fuh m%fhdackj;a fkdfõ¡ksßlaIlhg o jev mshjr fjkia f,i w¾:
ksrEmKh l, yels w;r mqoa.,sl ukdmhka iy mlaI.%dyS nj wjidk ks.ukhg t<ôh yelsh¡

fiajlhdf.a Èkfmd;$ ,>q igyka (Participant Diary/Logs)

fuu l%uh hgf;a ffoksl mokula u; igyka fmd;l fiajlhdg ish lghq;= rdcldÍ"j.lSï
iy wfkla /lshd ,laIK jd¾;d.; lrk f,i kshu flf¾¡ /lshd úYaf,aIK l%shdj,shg
f;dr;=re f,i Ndú;d lrk ld, iSudj ;=< tla tla l%h
s dldrlï jd¾;d lrk f,d.a $ Èkfmd;la
mj;ajd .ekSug /lshd,dNshdf.ka fuys§ b,a,d isákq ,efí¡

bf,lafg%dksl /lshd úYaf,aIK l%u$ fjí mdol m%Yakdj,sh (Electronic Job Analysis Methods)

fuys§" wka;¾cd, mdol l%u fj; fhduq jk w;r tu.ska /lshd úYaf,aIlfhl=g" /lshdjla
ms<sno mj;sk f;dr;=re iudf,dapkh lsÍug iy f;dr;=re /ia lsÍu ioyd ud¾..;
m%Yakdj,shla l%h
s d;aul lsÍug bv ,nd foa¡ /lshd ysñhka wêlaIljreka iy /lshd úfYaI[hska
iu. ineÈ ta yryd /iaùï meje;aùug th myiqlï imhhs¡

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m%udKd;aul /lshd úYaf,aIK l%u (Quantitative Job Analysis Techniques)

ia:dkSh úYaf,aIK m%Yakdj,sh ckm%sh yd m%udKd;aul /lshd úYaf,aIK fuj,ula jk w;r tys
we;s whs;u uq,slu l%h
s dldrlï mfyka tllg wh;a fõ¡
1) ;SrK .ekSu$ ikakf
s õokh$ iudc j.lSï ;sîu
2) olaI f,i ld¾hhka isÿ lsÍu
3) YdÍßl l%shdldÍ ùu
4) jdyk$ WmlrK wdÈh l%h
s dlrùu
5) f;dr;=re ieliSu¡

wjidk ,l=Kq tla tla l%h

s dldrlï ms<sno fYa%Ks.; lsÍï lrhs¡ fuu l%uh jegqma wruqKq ioyd /lshd
mka;s ks¾udKh lsÍug bjy,a fõ

tlai;a ckmo lïlre fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ^ DOL & l%h

s d mámdáh (U.S. Department of Labour
(DOL) Procedure)

o;a; (data)" mqoa.,hska (people) iy foaj,a (things) iïnkaOfhka fiajlfhl=f.a wfmalaIdj úia;r
lsÍu ioyd fiajl ld¾hhka f,i yeÈkafjk iïu; l%h
s dldrlï iuqyhla fuys§ Ndú;d lrhs
iEu ldKavhlu ,l=Kq §fï l%ufõohla we;¡ “0” tu l%ufõofha by<;u ixLHdjhs¡ tla tla
l%ufõoh fiajlhkaf.a /lshdfõ tla l%h
s doduhla meyeÈ,s lrhs¡

Wod: fiajl ld¾hhka ms<sno fYa%Ks.; lsÍï úYaf,aIl úiska my; mßÈ bÈßm;a lrkq we;¡
wdydr ms<sfh, lsÍu¡

දත්ත මිනිසුන් ද්‍රව්‍ය

(Data) (People) (Things)
5 6 2

ld¾hh bgq lrk fiajlhd iy Tyqf.a wëlaIl iu. f;dr;=re i;ahdmkh lrkak (Verify
information with the employee who is performing the job and his supervisor)

/lshd úYaf,aIK l%h

s dj,sfha fuu wÈhr /ialr .;a f;dr;=re j, ksrjokdjh ikd: lrk w;r
wod< md¾Yjhkaf.a ms<s.ekSu iy;sl lrkq we;

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iïuqL mÍlaIKh isÿ lrk l<ukdlrejka$ wdikaku wëlaIl

 /lshd,dNshf.a iïuqL mÍlaIKh ioyd /lshd,dNshf.a l<ukdlreg$wdikak
wOHlaIljrhdg iyNd.S úh yelsh ke;fyd;a th fjku iïuqL mÍlaIKhla f,io
meje;aúh yelsh ¡
 iïuqL mÍlaIKfha wruqK ia;dms; lsÍu iy /lshd,dNshd iu. mj;ajk ,o iïuqL
mÍlaIKfhka /ialr .;a f;dr;=re iudf,dapkh lsÍfï l%h
s dj,sh meyeÈ,s lsÍu
 /lshd,dNshf.a l<ukdlre $ wdikak;u wëlaIl yryd iudf,dapkh ,nd .ekSfï wruqKska
wod< ´kEu wjia:djl § iïuqL mÍlaIljrhdg /lshdj ms<sno wod< fjk;a f;dr;=re ,nd
.; yelsh
 /lshd,dNshf.a l<ukdlre $ wdikak wëlaIl iu. fjku iïuqL mÍlaIKhla mj;ajkafka
kï yd hï hï wúksYaÑ;;d ;sfí kï /lshd,dNshd o ieisjdrhg iïnkaO lr .kak

/lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;rh ixj¾Okh lr .kak (develop the Job Description and
Job Specification)

/lshd úYaf,aIK o;a; Ndú;d lrñka /lshd úia;rh iy /lshd msßú;rhla ixj¾Okh l,
yelsh¡ /lshd úia;rh u.ska /lshdfõ hq;=lï yd j.lSï bgq lrk w;r /lshd msßú;rhka
/lshd ysñhf.a fm!oa.,sl .=Kdx." l=i,;d iy .;s ,laIK ,ehsia;=.; lrhs

lKavdhï l%h
s dldrlï

1& /lshd úYaf,aIKh iïuqL mÍlaIKhla meje;aùu ioyd m%Yakdj,shla ilia lsÍu msKsi
f;dr;=re /ia lrkak

‘’ wruqKq iy Wmfoia" fiajl o;a;" ld¾hNdrfha idrdxYh" hq;=lï iy j.lSï" wjYH wju
wOHdmk uÜgu" mqyqKqj iy m<mqreoao$ úfYaI;
s dj" wëlaIK j.lSï" YdÍßl wjYH;d " fiajd
;;aj ^mdßißl" wdrlaIdj& fiajl woyia $ wëlaIK iudf,dapk “ Bg we;=,;a lrkak¡ ta wkqj
wjYH lafIa;% tl;= lsÍug fyda w;yer oeóug Tng ksoyi ;sfí

2& ixj¾Okh lrk ,o m%Yakdj,sh Ndú;d lrñka f;dard.;a /lshdjla ms,snoj /lshd úYaf,aIK
iïuqL mÍlaIKhla i|yd Nqñld ksrEmKhla (Role Play) isÿ lrkak¡ Tng iïuqL mÍlaIK jghg
/lshd,dNshd iy wdikak;u wëlaIl hk fofokd iïnkaO lr.; yelsh.

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uQ,dY%

Armstrong, M. (2006). A handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers.

Dessler, G., & Varrkey, B. (2005). Human Resource Management, 15e. Pearson Education India.

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