2014 NUTRITION 105 QUESTIONS

8. Which of the following is a

monosaccharide?
1. Protein is formed by the linking of A fructose
A amino acids and fatty acids B sucrose
B glycerol and fatty acids C maltose
C glucose and amino acids D lactose
D various combinations of amino
acids 9. The sweetest disaccharide is
A maltose
2. Methionine, lysine and tryptophan are B glucose
names of C sucrose
A proteins D fructose
B fatty acids
C essential amino acids 10. Fruits are usually sweet because they
D non-essential amino acids contain
A fibers
3. Non-essential amino acids are B complex carbohydrates
A incomplete proteins C simple sugars
B extra essential amino acids D fats
C not needed from dietary intake
D not necessary for good health 11. A compound containing carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen with three fatty
4. Carbohydrates are broken down to this acids attached to a glycerol molecule
form to be absorbed by body tissues is a
A monosaccharides A phospholipids
B polysaccharides B sterol
C disaccharides C monounsaturated
D sucrose D triglyceride

5. The main function of carbohydrates in 12. Fatty acids can

the body is to A be essential fatty acids
A supply energy B be composed of a long even
B provide materials for synthesizing number of chains up to 30
cell walls carbons
C synthesize fats C be saturated, unsaturated or
D insulate the body polyunsaturated
D a and b,
6. The most common monosaccharide is E a and c
A galactose
B fructose 13. Essential fatty acids are important in our
C lactose diet to help
D glucose A the formation of the phospholipid
layer
7. Lactose consists of B to control blood pressure and
A glucose and fructose clotting
B glucose and glucose C to increase immunity
C glucose and galactose D all of the above
D fructose and galactose

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14. The level of saturation of fats is 21. The biochemical compound which is
determined by basic to the regeneration of tissues is
A the number of double bonds A lipids
B the type of glycerol bonding B proteins
C the number of side chains C carbohydrates
containing phosphates D vitamins
D the number of rings containing
nitrogen 22. Proteins are composed of the elements
A carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen,
15. Linoleic acid is classified as an essential oxygen
fatty acid because it B carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
A neutralizes cholesterol sulphur
B cannot be made in the body C carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
C is a polyunsaturated fatty acid magnesium
D is found in animal fats D carbon, hydrogen, sulphur,
magnesium
16. Name the building blocks of protein.
A Glucose 23 Which food group does NOT release
B Amino acids energy?
C Linoleic acid A Carbohydrates
D Fatty acids B Minerals
C Fats
17. Glycogen is stored in the D Proteins
A liver and muscles
B liver and bone 24 Which of the following nutrients are not
C muscles and bone essential for the healthy growth and
D muscles and kidneys maintenance of the body?
A Proteins
18. Carbohydrates are composed of the B Trans fatty acids
elements C Vitamins
A carbon, nitrogen, sulphur D Essential fatty acids
B carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
C carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen 25 Fats are chemically grouped as
D carbon, hydrogen, sulphur A lipase
B lecithin
19. Excess carbohydrate is stored in the C cholesterol
liver as D lipids
A glycogen
B glucose 26. The chemical digestion in the colon is
C galactose through the activity of
D sucrose A bacteria
B enzymes
20. Name the building blocks of protein. C digestion juices
A Glucose D water
B Amino acids
C Linoleic acid 27. Functions of protein do NOT include
D Fatty acids A collagen formation
B components of hormones such as
insulin

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 C cell repair 34. Water-soluble vitamins consumed
D provide essential fatty acids excessively are
A malabsorbed
28. Essential amino acids are B stored
A only found in animal foods C excreted in urine
B found in animal and plant foods D a and b
C only found in plant foods
D only found in meat and chicken 35. Which vitamins are essential to avoid
the disease Spina Bifida in babies?
29. Which is NOT a benefit of soluble fiber? A Vitamin C
A helps to reduce high blood B Vitamin K
cholesterol C folate
B swells in a gel mass in the D B12
gastrointestinal tract leading to E c and d
satiety
C hardens stools 36. Cartenoids and reinoids are forms of
D all of the above which vitamin?
a) Vitamin A
30. The three categories of lipids are b) Vitamin B
A saturated, monounsaturated and c) Vitamin C
polyunsaturated d) Vitamin K
B lecithin cholesterol and sterols
C fatty acids, lecithin and sterols 37 Vitamins are divided into
D triglycerides, phospholipids and A names and numbers
sterols B saturated, monounsaturated and
polyunsaturated vitamins
31. Which contains the most saturated fats C monoglyceride and triglyceride vitamins
A sunflower seed oil D water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins
B corn oil
C lard 38. Water-soluble vitamins consumed
D olive oil excessively are
A rnalabsorbed
32. Which of the following contains NO B stored
cholesterol? C excreted in urine
A beef steak D a and b
B bacon
C ice cream 39. A deficiency of thiamin results in the
D baked potato disease
A rickets
33. Vitamins are divided into B beriberi
A names and numbers C fatigue
B saturated, monounsaturated and D scurvy
polyunsaturated vitamins
C monoglyceride and triglyceride 40. Vitamin C deficiency leads to
vitamins A ascorbic acidosis
D water-soluble and fat-soluble B poor skin healing
vitamins C pellagra
D beriberi

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41. Common antioxidants are
A Vitamins A and C 48. Which of the following foods does NOT
B Vitamins A and D have to be broken down into smaller
C Vitamin E and selenium units before it can be absorbed into the
D a and c blood
a) fats
42. To form Vitamin D in the body, the following b) starch
substrates must be present c) vitamins
A cholesterol d) proteins
B sunlight
C Vitamin F 49. Protective food substances required by
D a and b the body are
a) proteins
43. Many factors may lead to the development b) vitamins
of soft bones including c) carbohydrates
A poor dietary sources of Vitamin D d) fats
B living in an area where there is limited
sunlight exposure 50. Which one of the following is a water-
C the elderly who are confined indoors soluble vitamin
D all of the above a) A
b) B
44. Which of the following is an electrolyte? c) D
A water d) E
B sodium
C glucose 51. Which one of the following foods is rich
D carbon in vitamin B?
a) oranges
45. The main function of carbohydrates in b) wheat germ flour
the body is to c) tomatoes
a) build cytoplasm d) pineapple
b) repair damaged tissue
c) provide a source of energy 52. Sunlight is specially important to
d) store elements promote bone formation by producing
vitamin
46. The main function of protein in the body a) A
is b) B
a) an energy source c) D
b) for growth and repair of body d) K
tissue
c) to store elements 53. The vitamin essential for healthy teeth is
d) to contribute to healthy bones and a) A
teeth b) B
c) B2
47. Which one of the following foods has the d) D
highest calorific value per gram
a) herring 54. A food source rich in vitamin D is
b) butter a) cod liver oil
c) milk b) cabbage and spinach
d) white of an egg c) milk

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 d) tomatoes C calcitriol
D chlorophyll
55. A class of foods that is rich in calcium
and phosphorus is 62. Rickets in adults is called
A citrus fruits A osteoporosis
B milk and milk products B osteomalacia
C organ meat C calcitrol
D carrots D hypocalcemia

56. The most common sources of sodium in 63. A vitamin synthesized by bacteria in the
the South African diet is intestine is
A sodium supplements A E
B processed foods B D
C adding salt while cooking C A
D b and c D K

57. Iodine deficiency results in — but 64. The vitamin called “E” is actually a family
fortification of has been known to help of compounds called
reduce the incidence of this condition A tocopherols
A pica; flow B tocotrienols
B goiter; salt C tocols
C goiter; flour D A and B
D hemosiderosis; salt
65. Niacin is necessary in the diet to prevent
58. Because they avoid meat, vegans are the disease called
more likely to suffer from a deficiency of A pernicious anemia
A Vitamin B1 B beriberi
B Vitamin B12 C scurvy
C Vitamin D D pellagra
D Vitamin C
66. Which vitamin will help with the
59. Beta-carotene preventing of scarring?
A can be converted to Vitamin A in the A Vitamin B
body B Vitamin C
B cannot be converted to Vitamin A in the C Vitamin D
body D Vitamin E
C is a retinoid
D none of the above 67. Best sources of thiamin in the average
diet are
60. In children, a severe deficiency of A whole grains or enriched cereals,
Vitamin A will result in legumes
A restricted growth B root vegetables, cheddar-type cheese
B blindness C whole grains and fresh fruit
C insufficient blood clotting D ham and vegetables of the cabbage
D microcytic anemia family

61. Beta-carotene is also called 68. A food source rich in vitamin D is

A provitamin A A cod liver oil
B retinoic acid, retinal or retinol B cabbage and spinach

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 C milk d) essential fatty acids
D tomatoes
76. The term “organic” refers to:
69. A diet which consists of milk only does a) foods that contain the element
not contain “carbon”
A Vitamin A b) vitamins only
B Calcium c) water
C Vitamin B2 d) all of the above
D Iron
77. Fats are chemically grouped as:
70. Which one of the following foods is rich a) lipase
in vitamin B? b) lecithin
A oranges c) cholesterol
B wheat germ flour d) lipids
C tomatoes
D pineapple 78. Nutrients that provide energy include:
a) carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins
71. A deficiency of vitamin B3 causes b) minerals, water and lipids
A scurvy
c) proteins, lipids and vitamins
B rickets
C pellagra d) lipids, proteins and carbohydrates
D night blindness
79. Which is true about carbohydrates?
a) 1 gram is equal to 4 kcals (17 kJ)
72. Lack of vitamin C in a diet causes
b) final breakdown in the body is glucose
A pellagra
c) all carbohydrates take long to digest
B beri-beri
d) a and b
C rickets
D scurvy
80. An example of a carbohydrate is
73. The mineral essential for the blood
a) glucose
clotting process is
b) bile
A magnesium
c) Glycerol
B calcium
d) Albumin
C sodium
D iron
81. Which one of the following foods has the
lowest calorific (kilojoule)value per
74. Which food group does NOT release
gram?
energy?
a) salmon
a) carbohydrates
b) butter
b) minerals
c) milk
c) fats
d) yolk of an egg
d) proteins
82. The main function of carbohydrates in
75. Which of the following nutrients are not
the body is to
essential for the healthy growth and
a) build cytoplasm
maintenance of the body?
b) repair damaged tissue
a) proteins
c) provide a source of energy
b) trans fatty acids
d) store elements
c) vitamins

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83. The main function of protein in the body 86. The biochemical compound which is
is basic to the regeneration of tissues is
a) an energy source a lipids
b) for growth and repair of body b proteins
tissue c carbohydrates
c) to store elements d vitamins
d) to contribute to healthy bones and
teeth 87. Which is true about vitamins?
a) fat soluble vitamins include A, B and
84. Lacto-ovos only consume: C
a) eggs, milk and dairy products b) only found in meat
b) milk and eggs c) only found in vegetables, fruits and
c) absolutely no dairy products water
d) fish and poultry d) deficiency leads to diseases

85. Body mass index is 88. People choose to eat different foods
because of:
a weight2 a) price and availability
height b) media advertising and social
interaction with peers
b weight c) knowledge of effects on their health
height2 and physical appearance
d) all of the above
c weight
height 89. Factors that enhance calcium absorption
include
d height A Vitamin D
weight x 2 B high fiber diet
C sodium
D fatty foods