2

JO@XUP^J IBUP IBUMJLO @XOJB @BO @BAVBKOZB

PH^MB@BV CJODKXODBO

ABKBCBM

Xotuk ahahoumj tudbs Nbmbsb Jo`lohsjb

ybod `jnjob lchm Gbajcb Tjgbybotj, U.U,. A.V`.

@jsusuo lchm
Wjoojb Kmbjruoojsb (>28606266222206)

V^LD^BA UPX@J BD^JNJUOJU

IBKXCPBU VH^PBOJBO

XOJYH^UJPBU N^BTJGBZB

ABCBOD

>6>2
 >

KBPB VHODBOPB^

Vugj syukur khmb`jrbt Bccbm UTP ybod thcbm ahcjapbmkbo rbmabt, kbruojb,
mj`bybm, shrtb jobybm-Oyb shmjoddb phoucjs `bpbt ahoyhchsbjkbo abkbcbm ybod

`jnubt uotuk ahahoumj tudbs Nbmbsb Jo`lohsjb shahsthr sbtu `hodbo abthrj Kbryb
Jcajbm.
Vhoucjsbo abkbcbm joj `jnubt uotuk ahobanbm wbwbsbo phanbeb

thotbod jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo `uojb `bo `bapbkoyb thrmb`bp cjodkuodbo . Abkbcbm
joj `jsusuo shebrb abksjabc `bo aho`bpbt nbotubo `brj nhrnbdbj pjmbk shmjoddb
ahaphrcboebr phanubtbo abkbcbm. Xotuk jtu, phoucjs ahoybapbjkbo thrjab
kbsjm khpb`b Pumbo Zbod Abmb Hsb, Jnu Gbajcb Tjgbybotj, UU., A.V`., shcbku
@lsho Abtb Kucjbm Nbmbsb Jo`lohsjb, `bo shaub pjmbk ybod thcbm ahanbotu
phoucjs `bcba phodhrgbbo abkbcbm.
Phrchp
Phrchpbs
bs `brj
`brj mbc thrshn
thrshnut,
ut, phoucjs
phoucjs sb`br
sb`br shphou
shphoumoyb
moyb nbmwb
nbmwb abkbcb
abkbcbm
m joj
absjm gbum `brj kbtb shapurob. Lchm kbrhob jtu, phoucjs `hodbo cbpbod `b`b
ahohrjab shdbcb sbrbo `bo krjtjk `brj phanbeb bdbr phoucjs `bpbt ahaphrnbjkj
abkbcbm joj. Bkmjr kbtb, sbyb nhrmbrbp shaldb abkbcbm ybod thcbm phoucjs susuo
`bpbt ahanhrj aboibbt abupuo jospjrbsj nbdj pbrb phanbeb.

Ncjtbr, : Lktlnhr >6>2

Wjoojb Kmbjruoojsb

j
 5

@BIPB^ JUJ

Mbcbabo Gu`uc
Kbtb Vhodbotbr ............................................................................................................. j

@bitbr Jsj ....................................................................................................................... jj

NBN J Vho`bmucubo
2.2. Cbtbr 2
Nhcbkbod ............................................................................................ >
2.>. ^uausbo >
Absbcbm ....................................................................................... >
2.5. Pugubo >
Vhoucjsbo ........................................................................................ 5
2.0..
2.0 Aboibb
Aboibbtt ....
.......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
......
.......
.......
.......
....
........ 0
2.0.2. Aboibbt
Aboibbt Phlrjtjs
Phlrjtjs .............
....................
..............
..............
.............
.............
..............
.............
.............
..............
............
..... 8
2.0.>. Aboibbt
Aboibbt Vrbktjs
Vrbktjs .............
....................
.............
.............
..............
..............
.............
.............
..............
.............
.............
....... 9
NBN JJ Vhanbmbsbo
>.
>.2.
2. Vh
Vhod
odhr
hrtj
tjbo
bo,, Ejr
Ejrj-
j-ej
ejrj
rj,, `bo
`bo Uh
Uhgb
gbrb
rbm
m Ibs
Ibstt 22
Ibsmjlo .......................................... 22
>.>. @bapbk @brj Jo`u
`usstrj Ibst
Ibsmjlo ............................................................

>.
>.5.
5. Gbccbo Khc
Gb Khcubr
ubr NbdNbdjj Jo`
Jo`us usttrj Ibs
Ibsmjlo
mjlo
@uojb ..................................................
NBN JJJ Vhoutup
5.2.
Khsjapucbo .................................................................................................
5.>.
Ubrbo ...........................................................................................................
 0

jj
 2

NBN J

VHO@BMXCXBO

2.2 Cbtbr
Cbtbr Nhcbkbod
Nhcbkbod

Ibst ibsmjlo `jduobkbo uotuk aho`hskrjpsjkbo sjstha prl`uksj al`h

pbkbjbo ybod thrgbodkbu `bo shcbcu thr`hpbo `bcba phrkhanbodbo dbyb nusbob.
Xauaoy
Xauaoyb,
b, pbrb
pbrb rhtbj
rhtbjchr
chr nrbo`
nrbo` ahodhcubrkbo al`hc nbgu thrnbru shnboybk >
kbcj `bcba shtbmuo, ybjtu pb`b ausja shaj/pbobs `bo ausja dudur/`jodjo.
Uhahotbrb jtu, sbcbm sbtu ahrhk ybod ahohrbpkbo sjstha ibst ibsmjlo nhrobab
Wbrb, `bpbt ahcuoeurkbo klchksj nusboboyb shnboybk > kbcj `bcba shnucbo.
Jtucbm ahodbpb mbc joj `jshnut shnbdbj ibst ibsmjlo, kbrhob shaub prlshs `j
`bcbaoyb shrnb ehpbt, aucbj `brj prlshs phoduapucbo j`h, `jabob pbrb `hsbjohr
nhrclanb-clanb `bcba ahoejptbkbo al`hc thrnbjk. Vrlshs ybod kh`ub b`bcbm
prlshs prl`uksj, shthcbm shaub `hsbjo thrpjcjm, ahrhkb shdhrb ahabslk nbmbo
nbku khpb`b pbnrjk `brj nhrnbdbj ohdbrb `j `uojb. Vrlshs ybod thrbkmjr b`bcbm
prlshs pho`jstrjnusjbo, shthcbm prl`uk shchsbj `jprlalsjkbo, pbrb rhtbjchr bkbo
shdhrb ahabslk prl`uk nbgu thrnbruoyb kh nhrnbdbj ebnbod tlkl `j nhrnbdbj
nhcbmbo `uojb.

Gbogj
Gbogj bwbc
bwbc `brj
`brj ibst
ibst ibsmjl
ibsmjlo
o jbcbm
jbcbm phodduo
phodduoboyb
boyb `bpbt
`bpbt nhrdby
nhrdbybb khkjoj
khkjojbo
bo
wbcbu `hodbo njbyb ybod thrgbodkbu. @j sjsj cbjo, mbc joj `bpbt ahobanbm
khauo`urbo
khauo`urbo hklolaj `uojb, kbrhob prl`uksj ybod `jcbkukbo
`jcbkukbo shebrb nhsbr-
nhsbr-
nhsbrbo ybod abu tj`bk abu gudb nhr`bapbk pb`b ahanhodkbkoyb njbyb
prl`uksj. Vrlshs shrnb ehpbt ybod `jtugukbo uotuk ahodlptjabckbo prlijt
jtupuo ahanbwb rjsjkl ybod nhsbr. Vbrb phkhrgb ybod nhnhrbpb `j botbrboyb
thrabsuk lrbod tub cbogut usjb, jnu mbajc, gudb bobk-bobk `jnbybr aurbm. Dbgj
ahrhkb sbodbt tj`bk shpb`bo `hodbo `hodbo phkhrgbbo ybod ahodduouod `bo
rjsjkl thrpbpbr zbt kjajb nhrnbmbyb `brj nbmbo nbku phanubtbo nusbob ybod
`bpbt
`bpbt ahodbk
ahodbkjnb
jnbtkb
tkbo
o khabtj
khabtjbo
bo nbyj
nbyj ybod `jkbo`u
`jkbo`uod,
od, joihks
joihksjj phrobi
phrobibsb
bsbo,
o,
kbokhr, mjoddb khabtjbo.

2
 >

Jo`u
Jo`ust
strj
rj ibst ibsmjlo gudb ahodbkjnbtkbo rusbkoyb cjodkuodbo, shphrtj
plcusj tbobm `bo ecjabt
ecjabthh embodh
embodh (phrunbmbo jkcja). Mbc joj `jshnbnkbo lchm
cjanbm `brj jo`ustrj joj ybod `bpbt ahodmbsjckbo dbs hajsj kbeb nhrnbmbyb.
Jo`ustrj joj gudb ahrupbkbo phoyhnbn plcusj bjr olalr `ub thrnhsbr `j `uojb.
Elnb shkbrbod kjtb rhouodkbo, bpbkbm nhrdbyb trho`j shpb`bo `hodbo rhsjkl
dclnbc ybod bkbo `jtbodduod<

2.> ^uausbo
^uausbo Absbcbm
Absbcbm
Nhr`bsbrkbo
Nhr`bsbrkbo cbtbr nhcbkbod ybod b`b, abkb nhnhrbpb
nhnhrbpb ruausbo
ruausbo absbcbm
absbcbm
ybod `bpbt `jbanjc ybjtu.
b. Nbdbjabob phodhrtjbo, shgbrbm, `bo ejrj-ejrj ibst ibsmjlo<
ibsmjlo<
n. Nbdbjabob `bapbk `brj jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo thrmb`bp khmj`upbo abousjb<
e. Nbdbjabob ebrb ahodurbodj sjstha ibst ibsmjlo `bo ebrb ahodbtbsjoyb<

2.5 Pugubo
Pugubo Vhoucjsbo
Vhoucjsbo
Nhr`bsbrkbo ruausbo absbcbm `j btbs, `bpbt `jbanjc nhnhrbpb tugubo
phoucjsbo, ybjtu shnbdbj nhrjkut.
b. @bpbt ahodhtbmuj hihk sbapjod `brj phohrbpbo jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo
thrmb`bp shdbcb bsphk khmj`upbo abousjb.
n. @bpbt ahodhrtj `bapbk-`bapbk ybod `jtjanuckbo lchm jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo
e. @bpbt ahodmjo`brj `bo ahodurbodj khrgb jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo aucbj `brj
`jrj sho`jrj `bo khcubrdb

2.0 Aboib
Aboibbt
bt
B`bpuo aboibbt `brj phoucjsbo abkbcbm joj b`bcbm shnbdbj nhrjkut.
2.0.2 Aboibbt
Aboibbt Phlrjtj
Phlrjtjss
@hodbo phanubtbo abkbcbm joj, `jmbrbpkbo `bpbt ahobanbm wbwbsbo
`bo phoddhtbmubo phanbeb ahodhobj `bapbk bpb sbgb ybod `jtjanuckbo
bkjnbt
bkjnbt jo`u
jo`ustr
strjj ibst ibsmjlo `bo ebrb
ebrb uotuk
uotuk ahodmj
ahodmjo`br
o`brjj `bo nbmkbo
nbmkbo
ahodurbodj phodduobbooyb shrtb uotuk ahogbdb khnhrcbodsuodbo
abousjbb shrtb abkmcuk mj`up `jshkjtbro
abousj `jshkjtbroyb,
yb, `bo gudb `bpbt ahobanbm
ahobanbm
 5

phodhtbmubo ybod shebrb thlrjtjs `jphcbgbrj `j nbodku phrkucjbmbo.

2.0.> Aboibbt
Aboibbt Vrbktj
Vrbktjss
b. nbdj phoucj
phoucjss abkbcbm
abkbcbm joj
joj `jmbrbpkbo
`jmbrbpkbo `bpbt ahogb`j
ahogb`j sbrbob
sbrbob ybod
nhraboibbt `bcba ahodjapchahotbsjkbo phodhtbmubo phoucjs thotbod
sbcbm sbtu sjstha prl`uksj `j jo`ustrj ibsmjlo.
n. nbdj phoucjs shcbogutoyb `jmbrbpkbo `bcba ahanhrjkbo klotrjnusj
`bcba phodhanbodbo thlrj ahodhobj
ahodho bj jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo, nbdj
ybod jodjo ahcbogutkbo phohcjtjbo
phohcjtjbo joj.
 0

NBN JJ

VHANBMBUBO

>.2 Vhodhrtjbo,
Vhodhrtjbo, Ejrj-ejrj,
Ejrj-ejrj, `bo Uhgbrbm Ibst Ibsmjlo

Ibst Ibsmjlo ahru

ahrupb
pbkb
kbo
o js
jstj
tjcb
cbm
m `b
`bcb
cba
a jo
jo`u
`ust
strj
rj th
thks
kstj
tjcc yb
ybod
od
ahodhc
ahodhcubr
ubrkbo
kbo nhrnbd
nhrnbdbj
bj al`hc
al`hc ibsmjl
ibsmjlo
o `bcba
`bcba wbktu
wbktu ybod
ybod sbodbt
sbodbt sjodkb
sjodkbtt
ahodduobkbo nbmbo nbku ybod nhrkubcjtbs nuruk, shmjoddb tj`bk tbmbo cbab.
Ahourut klauojtbs Whrl Tbsth Jo`lohsjb, khnboybkbo jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo
`bpbt ahaprl`uksj mjoddb 0> al`hc shtjbp tbmuooyb. Ahrhkb ahodhcubrkbo
al`hc-al`hc nbruoyb shtjbp phrdbotjbo ausja `bcba wbktu ybod sbodbt
sjodkbt, thrutbab pb`b ohdbrb-ohdbrb 0 ausja. Jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo `jojcbj cbcbj
`hodbo khshcbabtbo pbrb phkhrgboyb `bcba prlshs prl`uksj, ahrhkb gudb tj`bk
ahaphrmbtj
ahaphrmbtjkbo
kbo `bapbk nuruk thrmb`bp
thrmb`bp cjodkuodbo.
cjodkuodbo. Jo`ustrj
Jo`ustrj joj khnboybkbo
thrchtbk `j wjcbybm ohdbrb nhrkhanbod `bo Bsjb, shphrtj Nbodcb`hsm, Jo`jb,
nbmkbo Jo`lohsjb `bo Emjob. Xauaoyb, ahrhkb ahaphkhrgbkbo wbojtb
nhrpho`j`jkbo rho`bm, au`b, `bo lrbod-lrbod jajdrbo. Vbrb phkhrgb mbrus
nhkhrgb shcbab 20 gba shmbrj `hodbo upbm ybod sbodbt rho`bm tbopb b`boyb
bsurbosj gjwb btbupuo gbajobo khshcbabtbo khrgb.

Gbum shnhcua zbabo rhvlcusj jo`ustrj, ibsmjlo ahrupbkbo prl`uk abmbc

ybod `jtugukbo nbdj kbcbodbo khcbs btbs sbgb. Cbcu, auoeuc-cbm rhvlcusj jo`ustrj
pb`b tbmuo 2:=6, `jabob `jthaukbo ahsjo gbmjt. Vrlshs prl`uksj pb`b ibst
ibsmjlo ahabkbo wbktu ybod chnjm sjodkbt `jnbo`jodkbo shnhcuaoyb, gudb
ahodduobkbo nbmbo nbku ybod nhrkubcjtbs rho`bm ybod khau`jbo bkbo `jgubc
`hodbo mbrdb ybod sbodbt aurbm. Mbc joj ahodbkjnbtkbo nbrbod prl`uksj bkbo
chnjm ehpbt rusbk `bo ahaphrnboybk
ahaphrnboybk guacbm sbapbm ybod b`b. Ajsbcoyb,
Ajsbcoyb,
shnhcua
shnhcua absb rhvlcusj jo`ustrj
jo`ustrj kjtb mbrus ahodhcubrkbo
ahodhcubrkbo ubod shkjtbr
shkjtbr ^p
=.666.666
=.666.666 gutb uotuk ahanhcj prl`uk ibsmjl
ibsmjlo
o hkskcusji
hkskcusji,, `j sjsj cbjo prl`uk joj

`bpbt nhrtbmbo mjoddb 5-0 tbmuo nbmkbo chnjm. Nh`b `hodbo sbbt jo`ustrj ibst
0
 8

ibsmjlo aucbj nhrlphrbsj, kjtb eukup ahodhcubrkbo njbyb rbtusbo rjnu uotuk
ahanhcj prl`uk ibsmjlo. Lchm kbrhob jtu, phajobtoyb ahojodkbt phsbt. Pbk
cupb gudb `hodbo guacbm sbapbm ybod `jtjanuckbo.

Xauaoyb, prl`uk ibst ibsmjlo ahajcjkj nboybk al`hc ybod shcbcu

ahod
ahodjk
jkut
utjj ph
phrk
rkha
hanb
nbod
odbo
bo gb
gbab
abo
o `b
`bo
o tr
trho
ho th
thrn
rnbr
bru.
u. Al`h
Al`hc-
c-al
al`h
`hcc yb
ybod
od
`jkhcubrkbo lchm pbrb rhtbjchr nrbo` gudb nhrdbotj `bcba wbktu ybod sjodkbt.
Gjkb `ucuoyb al`hc nbru ibsmjlo mboyb khcubr > kbcj `bcba shtbmuo, sbbt joj
ahrhkb nbmkbo `bpbt ahodhcubrkbo mjoddb > al`hc shtjbp nucbooyb.

>.> @bapbk
@bapbk `brj Jo`ustrj
Jo`ustrj Ibst Ibsmjlo
Ibsmjlo

Vhanhrcbkubo jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo joj thotuoyb ahanbwb `bapbk ybod

nuruk nbdj cjodkuodbo, `bo nbmkbo abousjb jtu sho`jrj. Ahourut Klauojtbs

Whrl Tbsth Jo`lohsjb b`b nhnhrbpb mbc ybod ahogb`j `bapbk ohdbtji `brj
jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo.
ibsmjlo . Vhrtbab, Jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo ahanhrjkbo altjvbsj nbdj
absybrbkbt uotuk ahogb`j chnjm klosuatji kbrhob mbrdb ybod `jpbtlk rhcbtji
rho`bm `bo gudb kbrhob prl`uksj al`hc nbru ybod sbodbt ehpbt
ehpbt.. Mbc joj `bpbt
ahojanuckbo sjibt tj`bk pubs `bo nlrls pb`b prjnb`j abousjb. @bapbk ybod
kh`ub, plcjhsthr ybod nhrbsbc `brj nbmbo nbku ilsjc nboybk `jduobkbo `bcba
jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo,
ibsmjlo, shmjoddb sbbt `jeuej bkbo ahojanuckbo shrbt ajkrl ybod
bkbo ahaphrnboybk guacbm sbapbm pcbstjk. Ahrhkb gudb ahoybtbkbo nbmwb,
prl`uk ybod nhrnbmbo `bsbr `brj kbtuo nboybk `jebapur `hodbo bjr `bo
phstjsj`b ybod guacbmoyb nhrchnjmbo. Mbc joj `jojcbj `bpbt ahanbmbybkbo pbrb
phkhrgb ybod thrcjnbt `bcba prlshs prl`uksj, `j
` j sjsj cbjo gudb `bpbt nhr`bapbk
pb`b khkhrjodbo, thkbobo ybod nhsbr thrmb`bp suanhr bjr, phouruobo kubcjtbs
tbobm, `bo cbjo- cbjo. Vhodduobbo phwbrob thkstjc
thkstjc ybod aurbm `bo nhrnbmbyb
nhrnbmbyb
gudb nhrbkjnb pb`b phrehabrbo bjr `bo nhrhsjkl ahaphodbrumj khshmbtbo
abousjb.

@j sjsj cbjo, Guacbm plpucbsj mhwbo gudb `jthaukbo ahodbcbaj

phouruobo. Ahrhkb ahaboibbtkbo kucjt mhwbo ybod nboybk `jdhabrj lchm
 9

abojbk pbrb ibsmjlo shnbdbj nbmbo nbku prl`ukoyb. Kucjt-kucjt thrshnut bkbo
`jebapur `hodbo nhrnbdbj nbmbo kjajb nhrnbmbyb `bo `jnbwb kh thapbt
prl`uksj ybod bkbo `jlcbm ahogb`j nhrnbdbj abeba prl`uk ibsmjlo, aucbj
`brjj tbs,
`br tbs, `lapht
`lapht,, tlpj,
tlpj, nbgu,
nbgu, `bo gudb
gudb shpbtu
shpbtu.. Mhw
Mhwbo-
bo-mhw
mhwbo
bo ybod
ybod `jjoebr
`jjoebr

b`bcbm ucbr, abebo, nhrubod, `bo mhwbo hksltjs cbjooyb.

@jthaukbo gudb nhnhrbpb ibktb ahodhobj jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo `bcba

nj`bod slsjbc hklolaj `bo cjodkuodbo. @bapbk `j nj`bod slsjbc ahourut
Dclnbc Ibsmjlo Bdho`b & Pmh Nlstlo Elosuctjod Drlup b`bcbm 50% phkhrgb
`j jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo ahrup
ahrupbkbo
bkbo pho`u`uk
pho`u`uk ohdbrb-ohdbr
ohdbrb-ohdbrbb `j Bsjb. Zbod
kh`ub, b`b chnjm `brj 86% phkhrgb tj`bk aho`bpbt upbm ajojaua. Vhr-tbmuo
gudb `jthaukbo 8,9 phkhrgb ybod ahodbcbaj eh`hrb.
@bapbk `j nj`bod hklolaj ybod thcbm `jkhaukbkbo lchm Tlrc`

Helolaje Ilrua b`bcbm `uojb ahodbcbaj khrudjbo shnhsbr 866 ajcjbr `lccbr
phrtbmuo ybod `jbkjnbtkbo kbrhob pbkbjbo ybod gbrbod `jpbkbj `bo tj`bk
`j`bur ucbod. Uhcbogutoyb b`b `bapbk `j nj`bod cjodkuodbo ahourut Pmh
BUHBO Vlst, Pmh Dubr`jbo, `bo gudb Pmh Tlrc` ^hslurehs Jostjtuth. Jo`ustrj
ibst ibsmjlo ahodmbs
ahodmbsjckbo
jckbo ajkrlijnhr
ajkrlijnhr shnboybk
shnboybk 86 ajcj
ajcjbr
br pcbstjk
pcbstjk phrtbmuo.
phrtbmuo.
Vrlshs prl`uksj ybod ahodduobkbo nbmbo nbku kbtuo ahanutumkbo >.466
cjthr bjr `jabob ahrupbkbo khnutumbo bjr nbdj lrbod `hwbsb shcbab >,8 tbmuo.
Phrbkmjr, jo`ustrj joj ahodmbsjckbo 2.428 gutb tlo dbs hajsj kbeb phr tbmuooyb
ybod
ybod `bpbt
`bpbt ahoja
ahojanuc
nuckbo
kbo khrusb
khrusbkbo
kbo cjodkuo
cjodkuodbo
dbo nhrupb
nhrupb plcusj
plcusj tbobm
tbobm `bo
phrunbmbo jkcja hkstrja.
>.5 Gbcbo Khcubr
Khcubr nbdj Jo`ustrj
Jo`ustrj Ibsmjlo @uojb
@uojb
Ulcusj shahotbrb ybod `bpbt `jcbkubkbo b`bcbm `hodbo ahajcjm pbkbjbo
nhrnbmbo `bsbr kbtuo lrdbojk ybod thotuoyb ahcbcuj prlshs prl`uksj ybod
chnjm babo `brj pbnrjk jo`ustrj ibst ibsmjlo.
ibsmjlo . Uhcbogutoyb `hodbo ahodmjo`brj
pbkbjbo nhrnbmbo `bsbr plcyhsthr `bo ojclo, `brj prl`uk jojcbm guacbm cjanbm
pcbstjk bkbo nhrtbanbm. Cbodkbm ybod pbcjod hijsjho thotuoyb `hodbo
ahodurbodj irhkuhosj nhcbogb pbkbjbo shtjbp tbmuooyb, ybod bwbcoyb shcbcu
 4

up`bth bkbo prl`uk ihsyho thrnbru, shthcbm ahodhtbmuj `bapbk ohdbtji `brj
ibst ibsmjlo nbjkoyb ahodurbodj guacbm phanhcjbo.

Cbodkbm thrbkmjr ybod njsb `jcbkukbo b`bcbm `hodbo ahaboibbtkbo

pbkbjbo ybod su`bm tj`bk thrpbkbj. Gjkb pbkbjbo `jrbsb absjm cbybk uotuk
`jpbkbj,
`jpbkbj, njsb `jsuanbodkbo
`jsuanbodkbo khpb`b pbotj bsumbo btbu klrnbo nhoebab bcba,
`bo gjkb su`bm tj`bk cbybk pbkbj, njsb `jaboibbtkbo uotuk kbjo phc btbu cbp.
 =

NBN JJJ
VHOXPXV

5.2. Khsjapucbo
Khsjapucbo

Vhoucjs ahodbanjc khsjapucbo `brj mbsjc bobcjsjs `hodbo ahodduobkbo `btb

ybod `jphrlchm `brj gurobc, `lkuaho `bo mbc-mbc ybod nhrkbjtbo `hodbo jo`ustrj
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