7/8

Technology and Livelihood

Education
Learning Activity Sheet in Technical
Drafting: Carry out Mensuration and
Calculation

Any Quarter – Week 4

ALEX B. SILDON
Developer
DepEd CAR Schools Division of Mountain Province
Besao District, Besao NHS
 Learning Activity Sheet in Technical Drafting 7/8 Week 4
Name: _________________________________
Grade level: ____________________________
Date: _________________________________

I. Background Information

Measurement is the action of measuring something. It refers to the size, length,

or amount of something, as established by measuring.

Measurement is the assignment of a number to a characteristic of an object or

event, which can be compared with other objects or events. The word measurement
comes from the Greek word “metron” which means limited proportion. To have an
accurate measurement, we have to use standard systems of measurement. Thus, we
have the Metric System (SI units) and the English System.

Measuring accurately is a skill which is developed as we use the measuring tools

often and perform calculations accurately. Inaccurate measurement would mean waste
of time, effort, and materials. The ability to read measurements is the starting point in
developing this skill.

TRADE MATHEMATICS / MEASUREMENT

Working in the trades requires strong numeracy skills to help you succeed on the
job. Measurement is the way that numbers are most often used in the trades.
Measurement and calculation are used to measure and describe the physical world, for
example, by taking measurements and calculating area and volume.

Two systems of measurement

There are two systems of measurement: The English system which originated in
England and the Metric system or Systems International (SI) which originated in France.

The international System of Units is the modern form of the metric system. It is
the only system of measurement with an official status in nearly every country in the
world. The basic unit in the Metric System is called the meter (m). The meter is divided
into 100 centimeters. Each centimeter is divided into 10 millimeters.

(UNIT OF MEASURES) – LINEAR MEASUREMENT

ENGLISH METRIC
Yard ( yd ) Meter ( m )
Foot ( ft ) / ( ’) Decimeter ( dm )
Inch ( in. ) / ( ” ) Centimeter ( cm )
Millimeter ( mm )

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 In the S.I measurement (metric system), the centimeter is divided into 10
millimeters as shown below:

In the English system, the inch is divided into 16 graduations and the smallest
graduation is read 1/16.

To read measurement exceeding 1 inch say 2” and for smaller graduations, it is

read and written as: 2” 4/16 or 2” ¼.

1 foot + 2 inches + 3 smaller graduations, it is read and written as: 14” 3/16.

CONVERSION OF UNITS

We do conversion of units for uniformity. In technical drafting, it is an advantage

if you know how to convert units from metric6 system to metric system, English system to
English system and metric system to English system or vice – versa. Converting a unit in
the metric system is the simplest as its unit scales to the power of 10.

Conversion Table
English to English 1 foot (ft)= 12 inches (in)
1 meter (m) = 100 centimeter (cm)
1 m = 10 decimeter (dm)
Metric to Metric
1 dm = 10 cm
1 cm = 10 millimeter (mm)
1 in = 2.54 cm
1 in = 25.4 mm
English to Metric or vice versa 1 ft = 30.48 cm
1m = 3.28 ft
1m = 39.37 in
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Steps in Conversion of units

Here are the steps in conversion of units.

1. Identify the units used.

2. Determine the relationship between the units.
3. Determine the conversion factor (in fraction form). The denominator should have
the same unit as the original measurement.
4. Multiply the original measurement by the conversion factor.

Here are some sample problems about conversion of units.

Ex. 1. Convert 2.5 dm to centimeters.

1. Identify the units used.

-Units are in dm and cm

2. Determine the relationship between the units (conversion ratio).

-The conversion ratio is 1 dm = 10 cm.

3. Determine the conversion factor (in fraction form). Take note that the denominator
should have the same unit as the original measurement. Since the original
measurement is in dm, the denominator of the conversion factor should be in dm.
𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒎
-The conversion factor is .
𝟏 𝒅𝒎

4. Multiply the original measurement by the conversion factor.

𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒎
−𝟐. 𝟓 𝒅𝒎 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟓 𝒄𝒎 - Therefore, 2.5 dm. = 25 cm.
𝟏 𝒅𝒎

Ex. 2. Convert 30 cm to inches.

Solution:
1. Units are in cm and in.

2. The conversion ratio is 1 in = 2.54 cm.

𝟏 𝒊𝒏
3. The conversion factor is 𝟐.𝟓𝟒 𝒄𝒎.

𝟏 𝒊𝒏
4. 𝟑𝟎 𝒄𝒎 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟖𝟏 𝒊𝒏 - Therefore, 30 cm = 11.81 in.
𝟐.𝟓𝟒 𝒄𝒎

Ex. 3. Convert 30 inches to feet.

Solution:
1. The units are inches (in) and feet (ft).

2. The conversion ratio is 12 in =1 ft.

𝟏𝒇𝒕
3. The conversion factor is 𝟏𝟐 𝒊𝒏 .
𝟏𝒇𝒕
𝟑𝟎 𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝟏𝟐 𝒊𝒏
= 𝟐. 𝟓𝒇𝒕 - Therefore, 30 in = 2.5ft.

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Checking for accuracy of the computation.
Using Ratio and Proportion to Convert Units

Converting of units actually uses ratio and proportion. Using the conversion, we
can see the relationship described by two ratios. For example, because 1cm = 10cm, we
1𝑐𝑚 10𝑚𝑚
can write two ratios 10𝑚𝑚 and 1𝑐𝑚 .

Sample problem 1: Convert 2cm to mm.

Solution:

Step 1: Identify the ratio that compares the units involved.

The units involved are centimeters and millimeters. The
1𝑐𝑚
relationship between the two is 10𝑚𝑚.

Step 2: Write a proportion.

1𝑐𝑚 2𝑐𝑚
10𝑚𝑚
= ? 𝑚𝑚

Because 1 x 2 = 2, multiply 10 by 2.

Ans. 2cm is equal to 20mm.

Sample problem 2: How many cm is 8 inches?

Solution:

Step 1: The units involved are centimeters and millimeters. The

1𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
relationship between the two is 2.54𝑐𝑚.

Step 2:
1𝑖𝑛 8 𝑖𝑛
2.54𝑐𝑚
= ?𝑐𝑚

x8
1𝑖𝑛 2.5𝑖𝑛
2.54𝑐𝑚
= ? 𝑐𝑚

x8

Because 1 x 8 = 8, multiply 2.54 by 8

Ans. 8 inches is equal to 20.32cm.

II. LEARNING COMPETENCY

LO 1. Carry out mensuration and calculation (TLE_ICTTD7/8MC-0g-2)

2.1 Perform calculation needed to complete task by applying trade
mathematics/ mensuration
2.2 Employ different techniques in checking for accuracy of the
computation
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III. DIRECTION

Read carefully the instructions before doing the succeeding tasks.

IV. ACTIVITIES

A. Label the following measurements (a-e) on the ruler with an arrow and the letter
of the item. The two examples are provided for you.

Examples

x. 20mm
2
y. 1 8 in

a. 35 mm
3
b. 2 16 in
c. 2.6 cm
12
d. 1 16 in
e. 23 mm

B. Convert the following measurements. Show your solutions in the space provided
for each item.

1. 60 cm = __________ in.

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 Sol.
1 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
60 𝑐𝑚 𝑥 2.54 𝑐𝑚
= 23.62 inches

2. 3 ½ in. = __________ cm.

3. 75 cm. = __________ m.

4. 10 in. = __________ cm.

5. 30 cm = __________ ft.

C. Using ratio and proportion, convert the following:

a. 25 cm = _____ inches

b. 2.34 m = _____cm

V. Reflection
Technical drafting involves a lot of measurements, specifically in linear
measurements. Accurate measurement and calculation means better efficiency in the
work place.

VI. References
Dante B. Bermas, and Mirasol F. Dasig. Learning Module in Mechanical Drawing
NC 1. Pasig City. Department of Education- Instructional Materials Council
(DepEd- IMCS), 2014.

wikipedia.org. Measurement. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement-

Accessed September 21, 2020

www.sosmath.com. Unit Conversion. http://www.sosmath.com/algebra/unitconv/

unit2/unit2.html. Accessed 21 September 2020
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www.ipracticemath.com. Conversion of Units. www.ipracticemath.com/learn/
measurement/conversion-of-units. Accessed September 21, 2020

http://506tc.org. Trade Math Workbook. http://506tc.org/_pdf/Trade-Math-Work

book.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjfhLyOuPvrAhVty4sBHV1iA2AQFjAPegQIAhAB&usg=
AOvVaw1U_uS8GfczpGvXGX6V-oP-. Accessed September 11, 2020

http://hdl.voced.edu.au. Trade Mathematics: A Handbook for Teachers. http://hdl

.voced.edu.au/10707/156594. Accessed September 11, 2020

VII. Key Answer