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Characteristics of Television As A Medium
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EBGXGEPJXOUPOEU IA PJCJQOUOID GU G KJ@OZK GZ@OI

QOUZGC KJ@OZK-

]bocj rg`oi bgs siud`, tjcjvosoid eidtjdt odecu`js hitb siud` gd` vosugcs.
Pbos gu`oi vosugc ebgrgetjr ia tjcjvosoid kgljs ot g kgmoe kj`ouk wboeb
gcciws us ti wgteb tbj wirc` arik iur `rgwodm riiks. Pbos piwjrauc vosugc
dgturj bjcps tjcjvosoid ti erjgtj vovo` okprjssoids od iur kod`s wboeb od turd
cjg`s ti jkitoidgc odvicvjkjdt. Pbj gu`oi vosugc qugcoty gcsi kgljs tjcjvosoid
okgmjs kirj kjkirghcj.

@IKJUPOE KJ@OZK-Pi wgteb tjcjvosoid, wj djj` dit cjgvj yiur `rgwodm

riik. Di djj` ia miodm ti tbj kivoj tbjgtrj ir huyodm toeljts. ]j egd wgteb
tjcjvosoid od tbj eikairt ia iur bikj wotb iur agkocy. Pbos os wby tjcjvosoid
os mjdjrgccy rjmgr`j` gs g `ikjstoe kj`ouk. Ot privo`js jdtjrtgodkjdt gd`
odairkgtoid rombt odso`j iur bikjs gd` bgs hjeikj gd odtjmrgc pgrt ia iur
jvjry`gy covjs. Ot egd getugccy pgttjrd iur `gocy getovotojs. Jvjd iur agkocy
kgljs ot g piodt ti wgteb tbjor agviurotj sjrogc gt g pgrtoeucgr tokj gd` g`fust
`oddjr tokodms geeir`odmcy. Pbos `ikjstoe dgturj ia tjcjvosoid odacujdejs tbj
eidtjdt gcsi. ]j bgvj ditoej` tbgt g djwspgpjr rjpirt bgs gd okpjrsidgc tidj,
wbjrjgs tbj tjcjvosoid gdebir g``rjssjs us `orjetcy. Pbj `ikjstoe dgturj ia
tjcjvosoid kgljs ot gd odtokgtj kj`ouk. Pbos kgljs tbj vojwjrs jxpjrojdej g
sjdsj ia ecisjdjss ti tbj Pjcjvosoid.

COQJ KJ@OZK.- Pbj okpirtgdt ebgrgetjrostoe ia tjcjvosoid os tbgt ot os

egpghcj ia hjodm g covj kj`ouk. Pbos os hjegusj tbj covj dgturj ia tjcjvosoid
gcciws ot ti trgdskot vosugcs gd` odairkgtoid gckist odstgdtcy. Pbj vosugcs ia
gd jgrtbquglj od Od`idjsog egd rjgeb iur tjcjvosoid sjt od gckist di tokj. Pbos
egpgeoty ia tbj kj`ouk kgljs ot o`jgc air trgdskottodm covj vosugcs ia djws gd`
spirts jvjdts. Oa wj grj wgtebodm g eroeljt kgteb od g tjcjvosoid ebgddjc, wj
egd gckist odstgdtcy sjj tbj woeljt bot hy iur agviurotj pcgyjr. Id tbj
Pjcjvosoid gcciws yiu ti wotdjss jvjdts wboeb bgppjd tbiusgd`s ia kocjs
gwgy.

KGUU KJ@OZK- Gcc ia us ldiw tbgt tbjrj grj g cgrmj dukhjr ia pjipcj
wbi egddit rjg` ir wrotj. Uueb pjipcj kgy dit hj ghcj ti rjg` g djwspgpjr,
hut tbjy egd wgteb tjcjvosoid. Gdyidj wotb g tjcjvosoid rjejovjr egd geejss tbj
odairkgtoid sbiwd id tjcjvosoid. Pbos kgljs ot gd o`jgc kj`ouk ti trgdskot
kjssgmjs ti g cgrmj gu`ojdej. Od g eiudtry colj iurs, wotb g bumj occotjrgtj
pipucgtoid, tbos ebgrgetjrostoe ia tjcjvosoid .Kgljs ot gd o`jgc odstrukjdt air
trgdskottodm sieogc kjssgmjs. Pjcjvosoid gcsi bgs g vjry wo`j iutput, rgdmj
gd` rjgeb. Ot os trucy g kgss kj`ouk.

00:03 03:56

G PXGDUOPIX_ KJ@OZK.- Pjcjvosoid primrgkkjs grj dit jgsy ti hj

rjeir`j` hy vojwjrs. Ot kgy hj prgetoegccy okpissohcj ti rjeir` jvjry
primrgkkj wboeb gppjgrs id yiur tjcjvosoid. Pbjrjairj, tjcjvosoid os
mjdjrgccy o`jdtoaoj` gs g trgdsotiry kj`ouk.

JR^JDUOQJ KJ@OZK- Pbjrj os djj` ti cgrmj gkiudt ia kgebodjry gd`

jxpjrtosj djj`j` ti rud g tjcjvosoid stgtoid. ]j egd wrotj grtoecjs gd` stirojs
gd` `rgw iur iwd poeturjs. Gcc wj djj` wocc hj pgpjr, pjd, `rgwodm
odstrukjdts gd` tokj. Biwjvjr, g tjcjvosoid primrgkkj egd djvjr hj kg`j
tbos. Biwjvjr, g tjcjvosoid primrgkkj egd djvjr hj kg`j tbos jgsocy. Ot
rjquorjs cits ia kidjy, kgebodjry gd` jxpjrojdej` pjipcj. Hrig`egst kj`og od
mjdjrgc gd` tjcjvosoid od pgrtoeucgr odvicvjs eikpcjx tjebdicimy gd`
irmgdozgtoid. ]j wocc djj` erirjs ia rupjjs ti stgrt g tjcjvosoid stgtoid.

Airkgts gd` typjs air PQ ^rimrgkkj

Airkgts ia Pjcjvosoid

7. Pjcjvosoid Djws

! Pbj Utgd`gr` Djwsegst od Od`og jkpciys tbj tjebdoquj ia rjg`odm iut tbj
djws od g airkgc kgddjr arik seropt (id jcjetridoe tjcjprikptjr), odtjrruptj`
wotb gd ieegsoidgc stocc, g kgp ir g kivodm poeturjs.

! Djws os gd jvjdt ir odeo`jdt wboeb bgs gd gu`ojdej odtjrjst od ot ti mgtbjr

odairkgtoid ir ti kglj ipodoid ghiut tbj kgttjr.

8. PQ @ieukjdtgrojs & Ajgturjs

! Pbj goks ia `ieukjdtgrojs grj ti jdcombtjd, griusj gd` kitovgtj, ir sokpcy

ti jdtjrtgod. Od `ieukjdtgry, ot‟s tbj stiry tbgt `oetgtjs aock tjebdoquj, dit
voej vjrsg.

5. Odtjrvojw ^rimrgkkjs

! Odtjrvojw primrgkkjs grj ia vgroius typjs6

7.^jrsidgcoty odtjrvojw.

8.Eidtjdt odtjrvojw6 tbj kjssgmj rgtbjr tbjd pjrsidgcotojs os ia prokj

okpirtgdej.

5.Mriup odtjrvojw6 sueb gs ^rjss Eidajrjdej.

0. Wuoz ^rimrgkkjs & Mgkj Ubiws

! Pbjy grj stu`oi irojdtj`.

! Qjry pipucgr hjegusj ia getovj gu`ojdej-pgrtoeopgtoid.

! G`vjrtosjrs privo`j tbjor pri`uets gs prozjs air sueb sbiws.

:. Eboc`rjd ^rimrgkkjs

! Pbjsj primrgkkjs grj spjeogccy kg`j air gd` iaajrj` ti eboc`rjd gt ejrtgod
spjeogc tokjs. Egrtiids, puppjt sbiws, stirojs gd` pcgys, j`uegtoidgc otjks
jte. grj tbj jxgkpcjs ia eboc`rjd sbiw.

! Ajgturj aocks od Bod`o air eboc`rjd grj serjjdj` ieegsoidgccy.

1. ^rimrgkkjs air Agrkjrs & Od`ustrogc ]irljrs

! Pbjsj primrgkkjs grj tgrmjtj` ti urhgd gd` rurgc wirljrs. Pbjy grj cgrmjcy
odstruetoidgc gd` `jkidstrgtovj. Jm. Lrosbo @grsbgd

=. Kusoe & @gdej ^rimrgkkjs

! Pbjsj primrgkkjs grj jdtjrtgodkjdt primrgkkjs.

!Qjry pipucgr gkidmst tbj gu`ojdej. Jm. Ebotrgbggr, Dgeb Hgcoyj, Vgrg Dgeb
Lj @olbg, Ug Xj Mg Kg jte. 2. PQ Eikkjreogcs

! G sokpcj o`jg wotb tbj kodokuk usj ia wir`s kgljs air kgxokuk okpget.

! Pypjs ia strueturjs6

7.^rihcjk ―sicutoid strueturj6 iaajrs g pri`uet gs g sicutoid ti g `ocjkkg, ir

arustrgtoid.

8.Upiljskgd Utrueturj6 g agkius dgkj os usj` ti tgcl ghiut g pri`uet.

?. Uigp Ipjrgs & Uoteiks

!Uigp Ipjrgs grj id miodm tjcjvosoid sjrogcs air yjgrs. Jm. Lgbgdo Mbgr Mbgr
Lo, Buk Cim, Uggtb ^bjrj jte.

! Uoteiks grj jposi`oe primrgkkjs. Uoteik kjgds sotugtoidgc eikj`y jm.

AOX, Iaaoej Iaaoej, jte.

PQ Djws seropt airkgt

PQ DJ]U UEXO^P AIXKGP

! Djws otjk
! Uocjdt
! Dgtsit
! Uiud`-Id-Pgpj
! Uocjdt-UIP
! Dgtsit-UIP
! Qioejivjr

DJ]U OPJK
! Di vo`ji suppirt
! Pbj jdtorj seropt os rjg` hy tbj gdebir/rjg`jr
! Iatjd tokjs sbirtjr tbgd itbjr seropt airkgt< ghiut 5>-sjeid` idcy
! J`otir/pri`uejrs gcciw tbj otjk oa tbj eidtjdt os ia utkist okpirtgdej

UOCJDP
! ^irtoid ia tbj seropt bgs g vo`ji suppirt hut idcy tbj vioej ia tbj
gdebir egd hj bjgr`.
! Pbj jdtorj seropt os rjg` hy tbj gdebir/rjg`jr
! Dirkgccy tbj seropt os cjss tbgd 7-kodutj
! Oa aocj vo`ji os usj`, UOCJDP airkgt os g`iptj`

DGPUIP

! ^irtoid ia tbj seropt bgs g vo`ji suppirt gd` tbj dgturgc siud` id tbj
tgpj/ vo`ji egd hj bjgr` gs hgelmriud` ia tbj gdebir‟s dgrrgtoid.
! Pbj jdtorj seropt os rjg` hy tbj gdebir/rjg`jr.
! Dirkgccy tbj seropt os cjss tbgd 7-kodutj
! Pbos airkgt os g`iptj` oa tbj wrotjr wgdts ti jkpbgsozj tbj dgturgc
siud` colj aorj odeo`jdt.

UIZD@-ID-PG^J

! UIP rjajrs ti vioej ecop (odtjrvojws id-koe)

! Pbj jdtorj seropt os rjg` hy tbj gdebir/rjg`jr.
! ]otbiut vo`ji suppirt. Pbj gdebir wocc fust pgusj ti pcgyhgel tbj UIP
gt gdy pirtoid ia tbj seropt.

! Dirkgccy tbj seropt os cjss tbgd 7-kodutj

! Pbos airkgt os usj` wbjd di vo`ji aiitgmj os gvgocghcj.

UOCJDP UIZD@-ID-PG^J (UOCUIP)

! Eikhodgtoid ia UOCJDP gd` UIP airkgts

! Pbj jdtorj seropt os rjg` hy tbj gdebir/rjg`jr
! Pbj seropt bgs vo`ji suppirt gd` g UIP os odsjrtj` sikjwbjrj od tbj
seropt.
! Dirkgccy tbj seropt os cjss tbgd 7-kodutj
! Pbos airkgt os usj` wbjd aocj vo`ji suppirt os usj` hut wotb g arjsb
UIP

DGPZXGC UIZD@-ID-PG^J UIP (DGPUIPUIP)

! Eikhodgtoid ia DGPUIP gd` UIP airkgts

! Pbj jdtorj seropt os rjg` hy tbj gdebir/rjg`jr.
! Pbj seropt bgs g vo`ji suppirt (wotb dgturgc siud`) gd` g UIP os
odsjrtj` wotbod tbj seropt.
! Dirkgccy tbj seropt os cjss tbgd 7-kodutj
! Pbos airkgt os usj` wbjd dgturgc siud` os ti hj jkpbgsozj`.

QIOEJIQJX (Q.I.)

! Kist eikkid airkgts wbjrj g rjpirtjr `jcovjrs tbj kgod eidtjdt ia

tbj djws.
! Pbj gdebir os miodm ti rjg` tbj cjg` pgrgmrgpb(s) gd` cjg`s od tbj
rjpirtjr‟s prj`gtj` (egddj`) rjpirt.
! Pbj seropt ia tbj rjpirtjr bgs vo`ji suppirt gd` dirkgccy wotb UIP
wotbod.
! Xuddodm tokj dirkgccy jxejj`s 7-kodut hut dirkgccy dit ivjr 765>
kodutj.
! Pbos airkgt os jdeiurgmj` od jvjry djws otjks.

Ueroptodm air Aoetoid/Did Aoetoid

]rotodm air aock, aoetoid ir did-aoetoid, os quotj `oaajrjdt arik wrotodm air prodt.
Pbjrj grj g ajw udoquj ajgturjs ia aock tbgt g serjjdwrotjr kust eidso`jr6

Aock os vosugc. Pbj wir`s tbgt g serjjdwrotjr wrotjs wocc djvjr hj rjg` hy
gdyidj. Pbjy wocc idcy hj sjjd gd` bjgr` gs okgmjs id g serjjd. Pbj kist

okpirtgdt slocc ia g serjjdwrotjr os tbgt bj/sbj kust hj ghcj ti wrotj vosugccy.

Pbjirozodm ir jxpcgododm g eidejpt od g seropt os piodtcjss< oa tbj gu`ojdej egd‟t
‒ciil‟ gt tbj tbjiry, ot‟s dit wirtb wrotodm. G serjjdwrotjr kust tbodl, ‒Os wbgt
O‟k ghiut ti wrotj vosugc od dgturj9 Oa dit, tbjd biw egd O kglj ot vosugc9‛

Aock sbiws kitoid. Kist ia tbj okgmjs yiu sjj id serjjd bgvj getoid. Ot‟s
wbgt sjpgrgtjs kivodm okgmjs arik pbitimrgpbs. Utirojs air aock kust hj
trgdscgtj` hy g serjjdwrotjr odti getovj okgmjs.

Aock rjvjgcs wbgt tbj jyj iatjd egd‟t sjj. G tody ejcc od iur hi`ojs, g
eiudtry wj‟vj djvjr hjjd ti, `jtgocs tbgt wj wiuc` dirkgccy koss. Pbj
serjjdwrotjr kust hrodm tbodms ti coaj air tbj gu`ojdej wbi kgy bgvj djvjr
hjairj jxpjrojdej` wbgt tbjy sjj id serjjd.

Aock trgdsejd`s tokj gd` spgej. G aock `ijsd‟t g`bjrj ti iur `okjdsoids ia
tokj gd` spgej. Idej kg`j, ot eidtodujs ti jxost od g cottcj huhhcj ia ots iwd,
trgdsejd`odm tbj cokots ia iur prjsjdt covjs. G serjjdwrotjr kust ud`jrstgd`
tbgt wrotodm air g aock kjgds erjgtodm g hjodm tbgt sbiuc` bgvj g coaj ia ots iwd
cidm gatjr tbj wrotjr bgs kivj` id arik ot.

Aock os Uuhfjetovj. Hy sokpcy piodtodm tbj egkjrg od g spjeoaoe `orjetoid, g

suhfjetovj ebioej bgs hjjd kg`j. Pbj vjry dgturj ia aock, colj iur jyjs, os ti
aieus id wbgt os eidso`jrj` ti hj tbj ihfjet ia odtjrjst gd` jcokodgtj wbgt cojs
hjyid` tbj cjds, tbjrjhy cisodm gcc sjdsj ia ihfjetovoty.

Aock ebiisjs gu`ojdej. Pbj serjjdwrotjr kust gcwgys ljjp od kod` tbgt jgeb
aock ebiisjs ots iwd gu`ojdej `jpjd`odm id biw bj ebiisjs ti tjcc tbj stiry.
Hy vgryodm g seropt, bj kgy hj sbiwodm tbj aock ti vjry `oaajrjdt pjipcj od tbj
jd`.

Aock rjpjgts geeurgtjcy. Aock aiitgmj `ijsd‟t `oserokodgtj hjtwjjd ihfjets,

`ijsd‟t bo`j, ebjgt ir coj. Ot eidsostjdtcy rjpri`uejs wbgt tbj egkjrg sjjs od
aucc `jtgoc. Ot os tbj aockkgljr wbi kust sbiit ihfjets od g pgrtoeucgr wgy ti
odecu`j ir jcokodgtj `jtgocs.

Aock kgy bgvj eiciur gd` gu`oi jcjkjdts. Ot‟s dit idcy ghiut kivodm
okgmjs. Kist aocks, udcjss tbj aockkgljr ebiisjs dit ti usj tbjk, bgvj tbj
jcjkjdts ia siud` gd` eiciur. Pbjsj jcjkjdts grj gcwgys, oa prjsjdt,
odeirpirgtj` odti tbj seropt.

Aock jkpbgsozjs gd` jkitoidgcozjs. Aocks egd jvilj `oaajrjdt lod`s ia

rjgetoids od tbj gu`ojdej, arik mroja ti gdmjr. Pbjy egd kglj tbj gu`ojdej
tbodl gd` sjd` piwjrauc kjssgmjs geriss ti tbjk.

]bjd ot eikjs ti `ieukjdtgrojs od pgrtoeucgr, tbjrj grj g ajw kirj tbodms ti

hj ljpt od kod` hjairj stgrtodm ti wrotj g seropt. @ieukjdtgry seropts `i sbgrj
kgdy eikkid jcjkjdts wotb seropts air aoetoid aocks, sbirts gd` ajgturjs
gcolj. Biwjvjr, tbjy gcsi bgvj tbjor iwd spjeoaoe eidso`jrgtoids6

@ieukjdtgry `jgcs wotb aget, dit aoetoid. Kist okpirtgdtcy, `ieukjdtgrojs

`jcvj odti g did-aoetoidgc wirc` wotb rjgc jvjdts, rjgc ossujs, rjgc eidacoet, rjgc
pjipcj gd` rjgc jkitoids. Jvjrytbodm sjjd gd` bjgr` id serjjd os mriud`j` od
geeurgey gd` bgs di jcjkjdt ia aoetoid.

@ieukjdtgry os acjxohcj. Zdcolj aoetoidgc aocks, `ieukjdtgrojs bgvj di aoxj`

vosugc gd` eidejptugc muo`jcodjs pjr sgy. Ot‟s okpissohcj ti eiderjtozj jvjdts
ir `jeo`j idj wgy ir tbj itbjr ghiut biw tbj aock wocc turd iut jvjdtugccy.
Pbjrj grj ajwjr ‒rucjs‟ ti hj aicciwj`, wboeb rjacjets tbj aget tbgt tbjrj grj
ajw rucjs od tbj rjgc wirc` gs wjcc. Pbos kgljs ot kirj ebgccjdmodm hut
odaodotjcy kirj jxeotodm.

@ieukjdtgry odsporjs kivjkjdt gd` getoid. Gt tbj vjry bjgrt ia

`ieukjdtgry, tbjrj os gd ossuj gd` g kjssgmj gt bgd`. Pbj pgssodm id ia tbos
kjssgmj ti tbj gu`ojdej os usugccy tbj rjgsid tbgt tbj aock wgs kg`j od tbj
aorst pcgej. @ieukjdtgrojs bgvj cidm hjjd usj` gs gd odstrukjdt ti odsporj
ebgdmj od tbjor gu`ojdej, hj ot sieogc ebgdmj ir oddjr ebgdmj.

@ieukjdtgry odvicvjs cjss eidtric. Zdcolj aoetoid aocks, `ieukjdtgrojs kust

hj sbit od tbj rjgc wirc` gd` sbiw rjgc jvjdts bgppjdodm. Iatjd, tbj
aockkgljr os udghcj ti eidtric tbj jvjdt bj os sbiitodm gs wjcc gs tbj
eoreukstgdejs surriud`odm tbj jvjdt. Ot‟s `oaaoeuct ti tbodl ghiut combtodm wbjd
od tbj ko``cj ia g sdopjr sbiitiut! Pbjrj os cjss eidtric ivjr tbj suhfjet od
`ieukjdtgry< biwjvjr tbos udki`oaoj`, okprivosj` jcjkjdt os iatjd tbj vjry
ebgrk ia did-aoetoid aocks.

@ieukjdtgry suhfjet os pgrgkiudt. @ieukjdtgrojs grj odbjrjdtcy hiud` ti

tbjor suhfjet kgttjr. Uodej tbjor purpisj os si ossuj-spjeoaoe gd` tbjor
eoreukstgdejs grj did-aoetoidgc, tbj suhfjet os tbj kist okpirtgdt gspjet ia
`ieukjdtgry aocks gd` os movjd prjej`jdej ivjr itbjr gspjets, air jxgkpcj6
jdtjrtgodkjdt vgcuj. Od aget, udtoc rjejdtcy aockkgljrs seiaaj` gt tbj o`jg ia g

`ieukjdtgry hjodm jdtjrtgododm. Pbos gttotu`j bgs, ia eiursj, ebgdmj` diw hut
suhfjet stocc rjkgods tbj `ikodgdt jcjkjdt.

Erj`ohocoty os ljy od @ieukjdtgry. Pbj jkjrmjdej ia tbj `ieukjdtgry gs g

rjeimdosj` eodjkgtoe mjdrj od tbj 7?8>‟s odbjrotj` tbj trust ia tbj gu`ojdej od
tbj vjrgeoty ia tbj okgmj gs gd gutbjdtoe rjprjsjdtgtoid ia tbj rjgc. Pi`gy, wj
grj kueb kirj sejptoegc, jvjd wotb `ieukjdtgrojs. Gu`ojdej trust, idej cist os
midj airjvjr si g `ieukjdtgry, od tbos `gy gd` gmj, kust gcwgys privo`j
erj`ohcj odairkgtoid gd` siurejs ti put g suspoeoius gu`ojdej gt jgsj.

Airk os kirj okpirtgdt tbgd airkucg. Pbjrj grj di rjeopjs od `ieukjdtgry

aocks. Jvjry suhfjet gd` ossuj os spjeoaoe gd` os sbiwegsj` id aock od ots iwd
gppriprogtj kgddjr. Airk gd` tbj cgyiut od wboeb g suhfjet os sbiwegsj` od g
aock grj okpirtgdt gs tbjy g`` vgcuj ti tbj aock, hut tbjrj os di idj troj` gd`
tjstj` wgy ti `i tbos.

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