THRESHOLDING AND REGION

BASED SEGMENTATION
 2 REFERENCES

• Gonzalez and Woods, Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education,3/e,

(2008)

• The images in the presentation are taken from slides of Gonzales and
Woods and different internet websites.

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 3 OUTCOMES

• Thresholding Region based Segmentation

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 4 THRESHOLDING

When T is constant applicable to entire image,

Global thresholding

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 5 THRESHOLDING

The result of thresholding is a binary image,

pixels with intensity value of 1

correspond to objects,
pixels with value 0
correspond to the background.

 When T varies over the image, Variable thresholding

 If T depends on the properties in the neighbourhood of (x,y)
then called local or regional thresholding

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 6 THRESHOLDING

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 7 THRESHOLDING

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 8 THRESHOLDING

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 9 THRESHOLDING

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 10 THRESHOLDING

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 11 ROLE OF NOISE IN THRESHOLDING

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 12 REGION BASED SEGMENTATION

Find the regions directly

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 13 REGION BASED SEGMENTATION

Region growing
** groups pixels or sub regions
** based on predefined criteria for growth

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 14 REGION BASED SEGMENTATION

Region growing

** start with a set of seed points

** grow regions by appending neighbouring pixels that have predefined
properties similar to the seed

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 15 REGION BASED SEGMENTATION

Let R represent the entire image region

Segmentation : Partitioning R into n subgroups

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 16 Region Growing by Pixel Aggregation
0 0 5 6 7

1 1 5 8 7

0 1 6 7 7

2 0 7 6 6

0 1 5 6 5

Seed points (3,2) and (3,4)

Absolute diff between seed point Results in two regions
and pixel is less than threshold
Threshold=3

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 Region
17
Growing by Pixel Aggregation

0 0 5 6 7

1 1 5 8 7

0 1 6 7 7

2 0 7 6 6

0 1 5 6 5

Threshold=8 Results in a single region

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 18 Region Growing by Pixel Aggregation

Difficulties in region growing

1. Selecting the initial seeds that properly represents the ROI

2. Selection of suitable properties

3. Formulation of a stopping rule

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 19 Region Growing

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 20 Region Splitting and Merging

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 21 Region Splitting and Merging
Example

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 22 Region Splitting and Merging

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 23 Region Splitting and Merging

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 24 Region Splitting and Merging

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 25 Region Splitting and Merging
Example

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 26 Region Splitting and Merging
Example

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 27 CONCLUSIONS

• Thresholding

• Region based segmentation

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THANK YOU